Fire regime rules appendix 1. New changes to the fire regime rules

1. These Rules fire regime contain requirements fire safety, establishing the rules of human behavior, the procedure for organizing the production and (or) maintenance of territories, buildings, structures, premises of organizations and other objects (hereinafter referred to as objects) in order to ensure fire safety.

2. For each object (with the exception of individual residential buildings) the head (other authorized official) of the organization (individual entrepreneur), in whose use the objects are located on the basis of ownership or on other legal grounds (hereinafter referred to as the head of the organization), the instruction on fire safety measures is approved in accordance with the requirements established by these Rules, in including separately for each fire and explosion hazardous and fire hazardous premises of category B1 for production and storage purposes.

Training of persons in fire safety measures is carried out by conducting fire-fighting briefing and passing the fire-technical minimum.

The procedure and terms for conducting fire-fighting briefing and passing the fire-technical minimum are determined by the head of the organization. Fire safety training is carried out in accordance with fire safety regulations.

4. The head of the organization appoints a person responsible for fire safety, who ensures compliance with fire safety requirements at the facility.

5. In order to organize and carry out work to prevent fires at production and storage facilities, as well as at facilities other than residential buildings, where 50 or more people can be located at the same time, that is, with mass stay people, the head of the organization can create a fire-technical commission.

6. In warehouse, industrial, administrative and public premises, places open storage substances and materials, as well as the placement of technological installations, the head of the organization ensures the availability of plates with a telephone number for calling fire brigade.

7. At an object with a mass stay of people (except for residential buildings), as well as at an object with jobs on the floor for 10 or more people, the head of the organization ensures that people have evacuation plans in case of fire.

8. At an object with a night stay of people (including boarding schools, organizations social services, orphanages, preschool educational organizations, hospitals and facilities for summer children's recreation) the head of the organization organizes round-the-clock duty service personnel.

9. At an object with a night stay of people, the head of the organization ensures that there is an instruction on the procedure for the actions of maintenance personnel in case of a fire during the day and at night, telephone communication, electric lights (at least 1 lamp for each person on duty), means personal protection respiratory and human vision from toxic combustion products.

10. The head of the organization ensures (daily) transfer to the fire department, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe exit of which the object with night stay of people is located, information on the number of people (sick) located at the object (including at night).

11. The head of the organization provides buildings for children's summer recreation with telephone communication and a device for giving an alarm in case of fire. From the premises, floors of buildings for summer children's recreation, preschool buildings educational organizations at least 2 emergency exits are provided. It is not allowed to post:

12. At a facility with a mass stay of people, the head of the organization ensures that there is an instruction on the actions of personnel for the evacuation of people in case of fire, as well as conducting at least 1 time per six months practical training for persons carrying out their activities at the facility.

13. At an object with a round-the-clock stay of people belonging to low-mobility groups of the population (disabled people with lesions of the musculoskeletal system, people with visual impairments and hearing impairments, as well as elderly and temporarily disabled people), the head of the organization organizes the training of persons carrying out their activities at the facility, to the actions for the evacuation of these citizens in the event of a fire.

14. The head of the organization ensures that the requirements stipulated by the federal law"On the protection of the health of citizens from the effects of the environment tobacco smoke and consequences of tobacco use.

It is forbidden to smoke on the territory and in the premises of warehouses and bases, grain receiving points, in cereal massifs and on hayfields, at the objects of trade, production, processing and storage of flammable and combustible liquids and combustible gases, at the objects of production of all types of explosives, at fire and explosion hazardous and fire hazardous areas.

04.05.2012 The rules contain fire safety requirements that establish the rules of human behavior, the procedure for organizing production or maintaining territories, buildings, structures, premises and organizations in order to ensure fire safety.

The rules of the fire regime are regulated in detail, including in the territories of settlements, in buildings for people to live in, scientific and educational, cultural, educational and entertainment institutions, trade organizations, and medical institutions.

The annexes provide, in particular, the norms for equipping premises with fire extinguishers, the form of a work permit for performing hot work.

The Decree enters into force 7 days after the day of its official publication, with the exception of certain provisions./consultant.ru/

In accordance with "paragraph 2", this document enters into force 7 days after the day of official publication, with the exception of paragraphs of certain provisions that come into force on September 1, 2012. "See help"The document has not entered into force

GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

RESOLUTION
April 25, 2012 N 390

ABOUT FIRE REGIME

In accordance with Article 16 of the Federal Law "On Fire Safety", the Government Russian Federation decides:

1. Approve the attached Rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation.

2. This resolution comes into force 7 days after the day of its official publication, with the exception of paragraphs 6, 7, 9, 14, 16, 89, 130, 131 and 372 of the Rules approved by this resolution, which come into force on September 1 2012

Prime Minister

Russian Federation

Approved

Government Decree

Russian Federation

dated April 25, 2012 N 390

FIRE REGULATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

I. General provisions

1. These Rules of the fire regime contain fire safety requirements that establish the rules for the behavior of people, the procedure for organizing production and (or) maintaining territories, buildings, structures, premises of organizations and other objects (hereinafter referred to as objects) in order to ensure fire safety.

2. In relation to each object (with the exception of individual residential buildings), the head of the organization (individual entrepreneur), in whose use the objects are located on the right of ownership or on another legal basis (hereinafter referred to as the head of the organization), an instruction on fire safety measures is approved in accordance with the requirements established by Section XVIII of these Rules, including separately for each fire-explosive and fire-hazardous production and storage premises.

3. Persons are allowed to work at the facility only after completing fire safety training.

Training of persons in fire safety measures is carried out by conducting fire-fighting briefing and passing the fire-technical minimum.

4. The head of the organization appoints a person responsible for fire safety, who ensures compliance with fire safety requirements at the facility.

5. In order to organize and carry out work to prevent fires at production facilities, facilities where 50 or more people can be present at the same time, that is, with a mass stay of people, the head of the organization may create a fire and technical commission.

6. In warehouse, production, administrative and public premises, places of open storage of substances and materials, as well as placement of technological installations, the head of the organization ensures the availability of plates with a telephone number to call the fire brigade.

8. At an object with a night stay of people (including boarding schools, homes for the elderly and disabled, orphanages, children's preschool institutions, hospitals and facilities for children's summer recreation) the head of the organization organizes round-the-clock duty of attendants.

9. At an object with a night stay of people, the head of the organization ensures that there is an instruction on the procedure for the maintenance personnel in case of a fire during the day and at night, telephone communications, electric lights (at least 1 lamp for each person on duty), personal respiratory and eye protection equipment human from toxic combustion products.

11. The head of the organization provides buildings for children's summer recreation with telephone communication and a device for giving an alarm in case of fire. From the premises, floors of buildings for summer children's recreation, buildings of preschool institutions, at least 2 emergency exits are provided. It is not allowed to post:

A) children in attic rooms wooden buildings;

B) more than 50 children in wooden buildings and buildings from other combustible materials.

14. The head of the organization ensures that the requirements stipulated by Article 6 of the Federal Law "On the Restriction of Tobacco Smoking" are met at the facility.

The head of the organization ensures the placement of fire safety signs "Tobacco smoking and the use of open fire is prohibited" in the indicated territories.

Areas specially designated for smoking tobacco are marked with "Smoking Area" signs.

15. The owners of individual residential buildings ensure that there are containers (barrels) with water or a fire extinguisher on the plots.

16. On the territory of settlements and urban districts, horticultural, horticultural and dacha non-profit associations of citizens, sound alarms are provided to alert people in case of fire, telephone communications, as well as water supplies for fire extinguishing purposes in accordance with Articles 6, 63 and 68 of the Federal Law " Technical regulation on fire safety requirements.

17. For a period of stable dry, hot and windy weather, as well as with the introduction of a special fire regime in the territories of settlements and urban districts, horticultural, horticultural and dacha non-profit associations of citizens, the following activities are carried out at enterprises:

A) the introduction of a ban on making fires, carrying out fire hazardous work in certain areas, on the firebox of stoves, kitchen hearths and boiler plants;

B) organization of patrols by voluntary firefighters and (or) citizens of the Russian Federation;

C) preparation for possible use in extinguishing fires of existing water-carrying and earth-moving equipment;

D) carrying out appropriate explanatory work with citizens about fire safety measures and actions in case of fire.

18. Prohibited in areas adjacent to facilities, including residential buildings, as well as to the objects of horticultural, gardening and country non-profit associations of citizens, leave containers with flammable and combustible liquids, combustible gases.

19. It is prohibited to arrange combustible waste dumps on the territories of settlements and urban districts, at the facilities of horticultural, horticultural and dacha non-profit associations of citizens.

20. The head of the organization ensures that the doors of the premises for production and storage purposes and outdoor installations designate their categories according to explosion and fire fire hazard, as well as the zone class in accordance with chapters 5, 7 and 8 of the Federal Law "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements".

21. The head of the organization ensures the elimination of violations of fire-retardant coatings (plaster, special paints, varnishes, coatings) of building structures, combustible finishing and thermal insulation materials, air ducts, metal supports of equipment and overpasses, and also checks the quality of fire retardant treatment (impregnation) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions with the preparation of an act of checking the quality of fire retardant treatment (impregnation). The quality check of fire-retardant treatment (impregnation) in the absence of periodicity terms in the instructions is carried out at least 2 times a year.

22. The head of the organization organizes the work on sealing with non-combustible materials that provide the required fire resistance and smoke and gas tightness, holes and gaps formed at the intersection of fire barriers by various engineering (including electrical wires, cables) and technological communications.

23. At the facilities it is prohibited:

A) store and use in attics, basements and basements flammable and combustible liquids, gunpowder, explosives, pyrotechnic products, flammable gas cylinders, goods in aerosol packaging, celluloid and other fire and explosion hazardous substances and materials, except as provided for by other regulatory fire safety documents;

B) use attics, technical floors, ventilation chambers and others Technical buildings for organizing production sites, workshops, as well as for storing products, equipment, furniture and other items;

C) place pantries, kiosks, stalls and other similar structures in elevator lobbies;

D) arrange workshops in the basements and basement floors, as well as place other utility rooms if there is no independent exit or the exit from them is not isolated by fire barriers from common staircases;

E) remove the doors of emergency exits from floor corridors, halls, foyers, vestibules and stairwells provided for by the design documentation, other doors that prevent the spread dangerous factors fire on evacuation routes;

E) to make changes in space-planning solutions and placement engineering communications and equipment, as a result of which access to fire extinguishers, fire hydrants and other fire safety systems is limited or the coverage area of automatic systems is reduced fire protection(automatic fire alarm, stationary automatic fire extinguishing installation, smoke removal systems, warning and evacuation control systems);

G) clutter doors, hatches on balconies and loggias, transitions to adjacent sections and exits to external evacuation stairs with furniture, equipment and other items, dismantle inter-balcony stairs, weld and block up hatches on balconies and loggias of apartments;

3) to clean the premises and wash clothes using gasoline, kerosene and other flammable and combustible liquids, as well as to thaw frozen pipes with blowtorches and other methods using open fire;

I) glaze balconies, loggias and galleries leading to smoke-free stairwells;

K) arrange storerooms and other utility rooms in stairwells and floor corridors, as well as store under flights of stairs and on landings things, furniture and other combustible materials;

L) arrange in production and warehouses buildings (except buildings of the 5th degree of fire resistance) mezzanines, desks and other built-in premises made of combustible materials and sheet metal;

M) install in stairwells outdoor units conditioners.

24. The head of the organization ensures the maintenance of outdoor fire escapes and fences on the roofs (coverings) of buildings and structures in good condition, organizes at least 1 time in 5 years performance tests of fire escapes and fences on roofs with the preparation of an appropriate test report.

25. It is not allowed to stay more than 50 people in rooms with one emergency exit at the same time. At the same time, in buildings of IV and V degrees of fire resistance, the simultaneous stay of more than 50 people is allowed only in the premises of the 1st floor.

26. The pits at the window openings of the basement and basement floors of buildings (structures) must be cleared of debris and foreign objects.

27. The head of the organization ensures the collection of used cleaning materials in containers made of non-combustible material with a closing lid and the removal of the contents of these containers at the end of the work shift.

28. Special clothing for persons working with oils, varnishes, paints and other flammable and combustible liquids is stored suspended in metal cabinets installed in places specially designated for this purpose.

29. In buildings with stained-glass windows with a height of more than one floor, it is not allowed to violate the structures of smoke-tight non-combustible diaphragms installed in stained-glass windows at the level of each floor.

30. The head of the organization when holding events with a mass stay of people (discotheques, celebrations, performances, etc.) ensures:

A) inspection of the premises before the start of events in order to determine their readiness in terms of compliance with fire safety measures;

B) the duty of responsible persons on the stage and in the halls.

31. When holding events with mass stay of people in buildings with combustible ceilings, it is allowed to use only the premises located on the 1st and 2nd floors.

In rooms without electric lighting, events with mass participation of people are held only during daylight hours.

At events, electric garlands and illuminations that have the appropriate certificate of conformity can be used.

If a malfunction is detected in the illumination or garlands (heating of wires, flashing lights, sparks, etc.), they must be immediately de-energized.

The Christmas tree should be installed on a stable base and not obstruct the exit from the room. Tree branches should be at least 1 meter away from walls and ceilings.

32. When holding events with a mass stay of people in the premises, it is prohibited:

A) use pyrotechnic products, arc spotlights and candles;

B) decorate the Christmas tree with gauze and cotton wool not impregnated with flame retardants;

C) carry out fire, painting and other fire and fire hazardous work before or during performances;

D) reduce the width of the aisles between the rows and install additional chairs, chairs, etc. in the aisles;

E) completely turn off the lights in the room during performances or performances;

E) commit violations established norms filling the premises with people.

33. When operating evacuation routes and exits, the head of the organization ensures compliance with design decisions and requirements normative documents on fire safety (including lighting, number, size and space-planning solutions of evacuation routes and exits, as well as the presence of fire safety signs on the evacuation routes).

34. Doors on evacuation routes open outward in the direction of exit from the building, with the exception of doors, the direction of opening of which is not standardized by the requirements of fire safety regulations or to which special requirements are imposed.

35. The locks on the doors of emergency exits must provide the possibility of their free opening from the inside without a key.

The head of the organization at the site of which the fire broke out shall provide fire departments with access to closed premises for the purpose of localizing and extinguishing the fire.

36. During the operation of evacuation routes, evacuation and emergency exits, it is prohibited:

A) arrange thresholds on evacuation routes (with the exception of thresholds in doorways), sliding and lifting-lowering doors and gates, revolving doors and turnstiles, as well as other devices that prevent the free evacuation of people;

B) block up evacuation routes and exits (including passages, corridors, vestibules, galleries, elevator lobbies, landings, flights of stairs, doors, evacuation hatches) various materials, products, equipment, industrial waste, garbage and other items, as well as block the doors of emergency exits;

C) arrange in the vestibules of exits (with the exception of apartments and individual residential buildings) dryers and hangers for clothes, wardrobes, as well as store (including temporarily) inventory and materials;

D) fix self-closing doors of staircases, corridors, halls and vestibules in the open position (if devices that automatically trigger in case of fire are not used for these purposes), and also remove them;

E) close the blinds or glaze the transitions of air zones in smoke-free stairwells;

E) replace reinforced glass with conventional glass in glazing doors and transoms.

37. The head of the organization, when placing technological, exhibition and other equipment in the premises, ensures the availability of passages to evacuation routes and emergency exits.

38. At facilities with a mass stay of people, the head of the organization ensures the availability of serviceable electric lights at the rate of 1 lamp for 50 people.

39. Carpets, rugs and other floor coverings at facilities with a mass stay of people and on evacuation routes must be securely fastened to the floor.

40. It is forbidden to leave electrical installations and household electrical appliances not de-energized at the end of working hours in rooms where there are no on-duty personnel, with the exception of emergency lighting, fire protection systems, as well as other electrical installations and electrical appliances, if this is due to their functional purpose and (or) provided for in the operating instructions.

41. It is prohibited to lay and operate overhead power lines (including temporary ones and those laid by cable) over combustible roofs, sheds, as well as open warehouses (stacks, stacks, etc.) of combustible substances, materials and products.

42. It is forbidden:

A) operate electrical wires and cables with visible insulation failures;

B) use sockets, knife switches, other wiring accessories with damage;

C) wrap electric lamps and lamps with paper, cloth and other combustible materials, as well as operate lamps with caps (diffusers) removed, provided for by the design of the lamp;

D) use electric irons, electric stoves, electric kettles and other electric heaters that do not have thermal protection devices, as well as in the absence or malfunction of the thermostats provided for by the design;

E) use non-standard (self-made) electric heaters;

E) leave unattended electric heaters connected to the electrical network, as well as other household electrical appliances, including those in standby mode, with the exception of electrical appliances that can and (or) must be in round-the-clock operation in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions;

G) place (storage) combustible (including flammable) substances and materials in electrical switchboards (near electrical panels), near electric motors and starting equipment;

H) use temporary electrical wiring, as well as extension cords for powering electrical appliances that are not intended for emergency and other temporary work.

43. The head of the organization ensures the good condition of fire safety signs, including those indicating escape routes and evacuation exits.

Emergency lighting should turn on automatically when the power supply to the working lighting is interrupted.

In visual, demonstration and exhibition halls fire safety signs with self-powered and from the mains can be switched on only for the duration of events with the stay of people.

44. Lens searchlights, searchlights and spotlights are placed at a distance that is safe from combustible structures and materials, specified in the technical operating conditions of the product. Light filters for spotlights and spotlights must be made of non-combustible materials.

45. Boiler rooms built into the buildings of trade organizations are not allowed to be transferred from solid fuel to liquid.

46. It is forbidden to use faulty gas appliances, as well as to install (place) furniture and other combustible objects and materials at a distance of less than 0.2 meters from household gas appliances horizontally and less than 0.7 meters vertically (when these objects and materials overhang above domestic gas appliances).

47. It is forbidden to operate kerosene lanterns and table kerosene lamps for lighting premises in conditions associated with their overturning.

The distance from the cap above the lamp or the cover of the lantern to combustible and slow-burning structures of the ceiling (ceiling) must be at least 70 centimeters, and to walls made of combustible and slow-burning materials - at least 20 centimeters.

Wall kerosene lamps (lanterns) must have reflectors provided for by the design and secure fastening to Wall.

48. When operating ventilation and air conditioning systems, it is prohibited:

A) leave the doors of the ventilation chambers open;

B) close exhaust channels, openings and grilles;

C) connect gas heaters to the air ducts;

D) burn out accumulated fat deposits, dust and other combustible substances in the air ducts.

49. In accordance with the instructions of the manufacturer, the head of the organization ensures the verification of fire-retarding devices (flaps, dampers, valves, etc.) in air ducts, blocking devices ventilation systems with automatic settings fire alarm or fire fighting, automatic devices turn off ventilation in case of fire.

50. The head of the organization determines the procedure and terms for cleaning the ventilation chambers, cyclones, filters and air ducts from combustible waste with the preparation of the relevant act, while such work is carried out at least once a year.

Cleaning of ventilation systems of fire and explosion hazardous and fire hazardous premises must be carried out by fire and explosion safe methods.

51. It is forbidden to operate with faulty and disconnected hydraulic filters, dry filters, dust collectors and other devices of ventilation (aspiration) systems. technological equipment in fire and explosion hazardous rooms (installations).

52. The head of the organization ensures the serviceability of hydraulic seals (siphons) that exclude the spread of flame through the storm or industrial sewer pipelines of buildings and structures that use flammable and combustible liquids.

Draining of flammable and combustible liquids into sewer networks (including in case of accidents) is prohibited.

53. The head of the organization ensures the serviceability of the valves of the garbage chutes and linen chutes, which must be in the closed position and have a seal in the porch.

54. The procedure for the use of elevators by organizations that have the operating mode "transportation of fire departments" is regulated by the instruction approved by the head of the organization. These instructions must be posted directly at the controls of the elevator car.

55. The head of the organization ensures the serviceability of the external and internal fire water supply networks and organizes inspections of their performance at least 2 times a year (in spring and autumn) with the preparation of relevant acts.

Head of the organization when sections are turned off water supply network and (or) fire hydrants, as well as when the pressure in the water supply system drops below the required level, the fire department notifies about this.

The head of the organization ensures the good condition of fire hydrants, their insulation and cleaning from snow and ice in winter time, entrance accessibility fire fighting equipment to fire hydrants at any time of the year.

56. It is forbidden to park vehicles on the covers of fire hydrant wells.

57. The head of the organization ensures that the fire hydrants of the internal fire-fighting water supply are equipped with fire hoses, manual fire nozzles and valves, organizes the rolling of fire hoses (at least once a year).

The fire hose must be connected to the fire hydrant and the fire hose.

Fire cabinets are attached to the wall, while ensuring the full opening of the doors of the cabinets by at least 90 degrees.

58. The head of the organization provides premises pumping stations schemes fire water supply and pump wiring diagrams. Each gate valve and fire booster pump must have a plate with information about the protected premises, the type and number of fire sprinklers.

59. The head of the organization ensures the good condition and performance checks of the electric gate valves (at least 2 times a year), the water metering devices and fire booster pumps installed on the bypass lines (monthly), with the date of the check and characteristics recorded in the log technical condition the specified equipment.

60. It is forbidden to use for economic and (or) production purposes a supply of water intended for fire extinguishing needs.

61. The head of the organization ensures the good condition of the systems and means of fire protection of the facility (automatic fire extinguishing and alarm systems, installations of smoke protection systems, fire warning systems for people, fire alarms, fire water supply systems, fire doors, fire and smoke dampers, protective devices in fire barriers) and organizes, at least once a quarter, a performance check of the specified systems and means of fire protection of the facility with the issuance of an appropriate inspection report.

When installing, repairing and maintaining fire safety equipment for buildings and structures, design solutions, requirements of regulatory documents on fire safety and (or) special technical conditions must be observed.

The facility should store as-built documentation for installations and fire protection systems of the facility.

62. The transfer of installations from automatic to manual start is prohibited, except for the cases provided for by regulatory documents on fire safety.

Door locks must be in good working order. It is not allowed to install any devices that prevent the normal closing of fire or smoke doors (devices).

63. The head of the organization provides, in accordance with the annual schedule, drawn up taking into account technical documentation manufacturers, and deadlines repair work carrying out routine maintenance and scheduled preventive maintenance of fire protection systems for buildings and structures (automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing systems, smoke protection systems, fire warning systems and evacuation control systems).

During the period of maintenance or repair work related to the shutdown of fire protection systems or their elements, the head of the organization takes the necessary measures to protect facilities from fires.

64. The head of the organization ensures that the control room (fire post) has instructions on the procedure for the actions of the personnel on duty upon receipt of fire signals and malfunctions of the fire protection installations (systems) of the facility.

65. The control room (fire station) is provided with telephone communications and serviceable hand-held electric lights.

66. To transmit alert texts and manage the evacuation of people, it is allowed to use internal radio broadcast networks and other broadcast networks available at the facility.

67. The head of the organization ensures the maintenance of fire trucks in fire stations or boxes specially designed for these purposes, which have heating, electricity, telephone, hard flooring, insulated gates, other devices and equipment necessary to ensure normal and safe working conditions for fire personnel. protection.

It is forbidden to use fire equipment and fire fighting equipment installed on fire trucks for other purposes.

68. The head of the organization ensures the good technical condition of fire trucks and motor pumps, as well as equipment adapted (re-equipped) for extinguishing fires.

69. The head of the organization for each fire motor pump and equipment adapted (re-equipped) for extinguishing fires, organizes the assignment of a minder (driver) who has undergone special training to work on the specified equipment.

70. The head of the organization provides the facility with fire extinguishers according to the standards in accordance with Annexes No. 1 and 2.

Primary fire extinguishing equipment must have the appropriate certificates.

71. If a fire or signs of burning are detected in a building, room (smoke, burning smell, increase in air temperature, etc.), it is necessary:

A) immediately inform the fire brigade about this by phone (in this case, you must give the address of the object, the place of the fire, and also give your last name);

b) take all feasible measures to evacuate people and extinguish the fire.

72. When placing in forestries (forest parks) objects for processing wood and other forest resources (charring, tar-smoking, tar-smoking, preparing resin, etc.), the head of the organization is obliged:

A) provide for fire-prevention distances from these objects to forest plantations, the arrangement of mineralized strips, as well as the placement of main and intermediate warehouses for storing resin in accordance with the Fire Safety Rules in Forests, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 30, 2007 N 417;

B) ensure during the fire season (during stable dry, hot and windy weather, upon receipt of a storm warning and upon the introduction of a special fire regime) during non-working hours, the protection of facilities for the processing of wood and other forest resources;

73. Head of the organization at military facilities, facilities for the production, processing, storage of radioactive and explosive substances and materials, pyrotechnic products, facilities for the destruction and storage of chemical weapons and explosives, space facilities and launch complexes, mining facilities, nuclear power facilities, facilities institutions executing punishment in the form of deprivation of liberty, psychiatric and other specialized medical institutions, cultural heritage sites (monuments of history and culture) of the peoples of the Russian Federation may establish additional fire safety requirements that take into account the specifics of such objects.

II. Territories of settlements

74. It is forbidden to use fire-prevention distances between buildings, structures and structures for storing materials, equipment and containers, for parking transport and construction (installation) of buildings and structures, for making fires and burning waste and containers.

75. The head of the organization ensures the proper maintenance (at any time of the year) of roads, driveways and entrances to buildings, structures and structures, open warehouses, outdoor fire escapes and fire hydrants.

It is forbidden to use for parking cars (private cars and cars of organizations) U-turn and special areas intended for the installation of fire and rescue equipment.

76. When carrying out repair work on roads or passages related to their closure, the head of the organization carrying out the repair (construction) provides the fire department with relevant information on the timing of these works and ensures the installation of signs indicating the direction of the bypass, or arranges crossings through the repaired sections of roads and driveways.

77. The head of the organization ensures timely cleaning of facilities from combustible waste, garbage, containers, fallen leaves and dry grass.

It is not allowed to burn waste and containers in places located at a distance of less than 50 meters from the objects.

78. At protection facilities bordering forest areas (forest parks), as well as located in areas with peat soils, it is necessary to provide for the creation of protective fire-prevention mineralized strips, removal (collection) in summer period dry vegetation or other measures to prevent the spread of fire during wildfires.

79. It is forbidden to use the territory of fire-prevention distances from objects and structures for various purposes to forestries (forest parks), places of development or open occurrence of peat for the construction of various structures and ancillary buildings, as well as for the storage of combustible materials, garbage, waste wood, building and other combustible materials .

80. Local self-government bodies of settlements and urban districts for the purposes of fire fighting create conditions for the intake of water at any time of the year from external water supply sources located in rural settlements and in the territories adjacent to them in accordance with Article 19 of the Federal Law "On Fire Safety".

III. Stove heating

81. Before starting heating season the head of the organization is obliged to carry out inspections and repairs of furnaces, boiler houses, heat-generating and air-heating installations, as well as other heating devices and systems.

It is forbidden to operate stoves and other heating appliances without fire breaks (retreat) from combustible structures, pre-furnace sheets made of non-combustible material with a size of at least 0.5 x 0.7 meters (on a wooden or other floor made of combustible materials), and also if burnouts and damage in cuttings (retreats) and pre-furnace sheets.

82. The head of the organization before the start of the heating season, as well as during the heating season, ensures that chimneys and stoves are cleaned of soot at least:

1 time in 3 months - for heating stoves;

1 time in 2 months - for furnaces and continuous hearths;

1 time in 1 month - for cookers and other continuous (long-term) furnaces.

83. During the operation of boiler houses and other heat-producing installations, it is prohibited:

A) allow to work persons who have not undergone special training and have not received the appropriate qualification certificates;

B) use as fuel waste oil products and other flammable and combustible liquids that are not provided specifications for the operation of the equipment;

December 16, 2016

Few of us would like to be in the place of the hero of the novel "12 Chairs" supply manager Alkhen, to whom the fire inspector Ostap Bender so unexpectedly came. According to Ilf and Petrov, already in the 20th century such a guest was one of the most “expensive” in any organization. However, if in those days Alkhen was able to “get off” with gold coins, then in 2016 the arrival of a fire inspector would have threatened him with a fine in the amount of 150,000 to 400,000 rubles, or even an administrative suspension of activities for up to 90 days (Article 20.4 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation ).

However, Alchen was clearly lucky that the events of the novel developed long before the approval of all kinds of fire safety standards that are approved in Russia today. It is only worth mentioning 100 new changes that are being made to the already not small Rules of the fire regime, as the figure of 400 “relatively honest ways to make money”, which the “great strategist” Ostap Bender proudly called, will not seem so impressive.

Fire regulations: what's new?

So, September 26, 2017, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 20, 2016 No. 947 in Fire regulations(hereinafter - PPR), approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 No. 390, exactly 100 changes are made.

Unfortunately, the limited size of the note does not allow talking about all of them, however, about the main changes that managers should keep in mind medical organizations, we will explain further.

Everything new is a well-forgotten old

First of all, I would like to recall that, according to paragraph 7 of the PPR, in medical organizations, the head care should be taken to have plans for evacuation of people in case of fire.

This rule is not new - these requirements have previously followed from the relationship of paragraphs 5 and 7, however, in the new wording, paragraph 5 will be abolished, and paragraph 7 will inherit from it a new wording. So, evacuation plans will be mandatory.” in a building or structure except residential buildings in which 50 or more people can be at the same time, that is, at an object with a mass stay of people».

In addition, as before, according to paragraph 9 of the PPR, the head of a medical organization with a night stay of people should arm the duty personnel with personal respiratory and human vision protection from toxic combustion products. What is new in this paragraph is only the fact that now the number of means of protection has been legally approved, which should not be less than 1 means per 1 person on duty, which is not specified in the current version of the PPR.

Changes in the part of checking the state of fire-retardant treatment (impregnation)

Serious changes affected paragraph 21 of the PPR, in which, among other requirements, the head of the organization was previously ordered to ensure elimination of damage to thick-layer sprayed compositions, fire-retardant coatings, plasters, cladding with plate, sheet and other fire-retardant materials, including on the frame, and so on ...

In the new edition, this norm will sound much clearer, simpler and more concise, because the leader will be required to " elimination of damage to fire protection equipment for building structures, engineering equipment of buildings and structures».

Other requirements of paragraph 21 of the PPR on the responsibility of the manager to check the state of fire retardant treatment (impregnation) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and draw up an act (protocol) for checking the state of fire retardant treatment (impregnation) remained unchanged, except for the formal editing that since September next year it will be possible to draw up either a protocol or an act.

Remained the same and the timing of the audit state of flame retardant treatment (impregnation) in the absence of such terms in the instructions- as before, the check should be carried out at least once a year. However, the new edition will clarify that in the event of the end of the guaranteed period of fire-retardant efficiency, the head of the organization ensures the re-treatment of structures and engineering equipment.

New bans

Of course, Ostap Bender is unlikely to come under the guise of a fire inspector to a medical organization, but take care of the placement of chairs, as well as other furniture, equipment and other items leaders still should, since they will be prohibited from being placed on the approaches to fire hydrants of the internal fire-fighting water supply and primary fire extinguishing equipment, as well as at the doors of emergency exits. This requirement will be added to subparagraph “g” of paragraph 23 of the PPR, which at the moment is only prohibited from blocking hatches on balconies and loggias, transitions to adjacent sections and exits to external evacuation stairs, dismantling inter-balcony stairs, welding and blocking hatches on balconies and loggias apartments.

If among the leaders of organizations there were those who stored fire and explosive substances and materials under the pile space of buildings, then they will have to look for such items in another place, since this is prohibited in the new version of the PPR subparagraph "a" of paragraph 23 of the PPR. One has only to add that this place definitely cannot be an attic, basement and basement (except for the cases provided for by fire safety regulations in the field of technical regulation). As for combustible materials, they will not be placed or operated in elevator lobbies ( subparagraph "c" of paragraph 23 of the PPR).

In addition to making targeted adjustments to the already existing subparagraphs of paragraph 23 of the PPR, the legislator also:

Eliminated subparagraphs:
- "g", according to which it was forbidden to arrange workshops in the basements and basement floors, as well as place other utility rooms, the placement of which is not allowed by fire safety regulations, if there is no independent exit or the exit from them is not isolated by fire barriers from common staircases
- "e", according to which it was forbidden to make changes in space-planning solutions and the placement of engineering communications and equipment, as a result of which access to fire extinguishers, fire hydrants and other fire safety systems is limited or the coverage area of automatic fire protection systems (automatic fire alarm, stationary automatic fire extinguishing installation, smoke removal systems, warning and evacuation control systems)
Added subparagraph "o", which does not allow changing (without carrying out urban planning activities in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the Russian Federation on fire safety, the examination procedure project documentation) documented class of functional fire hazard buildings (structures, fire compartments and parts of buildings, structures - rooms or groups of rooms that are functionally interconnected).

emergency lighting

In the new version of the PPR, changes will be made to paragraph 2 of paragraph 43 of the PPR. So, from September 26 next year, evacuation lighting will have to be in or around the clock, or turn on automatically when the power supply to the working lighting is interrupted. At the moment, there is no such alternative and managers are only instructed to ensure that emergency lighting is automatically turned on when the working lights are turned off.

Fire protection installations

Recall that at the moment from the heads of medical organizations paragraph 1 of clause 61 PPR is required to ensure the good condition of systems and fire protection facilities. In the new wording of this norm, fire protection equipment is replaced by fire protection installations.

At the same time, if earlier, to ensure serviceability systems and means of fire protection it was necessary to arrange for their verification at least once a quarter, now when establishing the frequency of checking fire protection systems and installations need to focus on instructions technical means manufacturer, as well as national and (or) international standards.

Additional worries

I would also like to note that the PPRs were supplemented by a provision according to which the head of the organization will have to ensure the good condition of the mechanisms for self-closing fire doors (clause 37 (1) of the PPR).

In addition to fire doors, the fire department also got to banners and banners placed on the facades of buildings and structures. However, if Roskomnadzor is interested in what is written on them, then the fire inspector will ensure that the material of the banners and banners is made of non-combustible or slow-burning materials. At the same time, their placement should not limit the ventilation of staircases, as well as other specially provided openings in the facades of buildings and structures from smoke and combustion products in case of fire. It is also noted that transparencies and banners must comply with the fire safety requirements for facing the external surfaces of external walls (paragraph 40 (1) of the PPR).

Among other things, in the new version of the PPR, it is also not allowed to lay hinged facade systems in the air gap space. open way electrical cables and wires (clause 40(1) of the PPR).

Some changes have also been made to norms for the provision of fire extinguishers and objects of protection, depending on their categories for fire and explosion hazard and class of fire(with the exception of petrol stations) (Appendix No. 1 to the PPR), as well as norms for equipping premises with mobile fire extinguishers(with the exception of gas stations) (Appendix No. 2 to the PPR).

A little about the fire safety system and fire supervision

In conclusion, we note that in order to protect your organization from the sanctions of a fire inspector or, even worse, the risk of a fire, compliance with the PPR alone is not enough.

Fire safety can be divided into two basic levels:

I. Fulfillment of fire safety requirements established by the technical regulations (approved by Federal Law No. 123-FZ of July 22, 2008 (hereinafter - FZ No. 123));
II. Compliance with PPR.

In addition, the first level includes two additional sublevels. So, according to Federal Law No. 123, the fire safety of an organization is considered to be ensured if one of the following conditions is met (Article 6):

AT in full the fire safety requirements established by the technical regulations adopted in accordance with the Federal Law of December 27, 2002 No. 184-FZ “On technical regulation» (hereinafter - Federal Law No. 184), and the fire risk does not exceed the allowable values established by Federal Law No. 123;
The fire safety requirements established by the technical regulations adopted in accordance with Federal Law No. 184 and the fire safety regulations have been fully met.

As we can see, each of these conditions provides for fulfillment in full fire safety requirements established by technical regulations adopted in accordance with Federal Law No. 184, which is precisely Federal Law No. 123. These conditions differ only in the second component:

or the fire risk does not exceed the permissible values (Articles 79 and 93 of the Federal Law No. 123) established by the technical regulation;
or the requirements of regulatory documents on fire safety are fully met.

To carry out fire risk assessment calculations, special rules, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 31, 2009 No. 272.

In the event that an organization decides to take the second path, it must comply with all the requirements of fire safety regulations (part 3 of article 6 of Federal Law No. 123). A fire risk calculation is not required in this case. The list of such regulatory documents on fire safety is established by the Order of Rosstandart dated April 16, 2014 No. 474.

(approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 17, 2014 No. 113),
connected with:

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 No. 390 (as amended on June 23, 2014) "On the fire regime" together with the "Rules for the fire regime in the Russian Federation" from January 1, 2015 appeared before us with the following changes:

1. The condition of fire-retardant coatings (if there is no manufacturer's instructions) is checked at least once a year (was: at least 2 times a year).
2. A requirement has been added to the PPR to conduct periodic surveys of rescue equipment from a height.
3. The clause on the prohibition of the use of extension cords for electrical appliances has been specified.
4. We returned to the PPR the requirement for the need to install indicators of p / n water sources.
5. Added requirements for the maintenance of security zones for people with limited mobility and other citizens.
6. Added a requirement for the implementation of fire cabinets from NG materials + the need for a device for sealing and keeping in closed. position (previously there was no requirement directly in the PPR). Added the need to fasten the PS exclusively to the load-bearing or enclosing structures of buildings.
7. Allowed the burning of dry herbaceous vegetation in the territories, subject to a number of conditions.
8. Introduced into the PPR “Passports settlements and requirements for them.
9. Added separate requirements for primary fire extinguishing equipment at cultural facilities.
10. Removed the ban on the construction of combustible kiosks and stalls in the buildings of trade facilities.
11. From now on, you need to start building an object with a device fire sources(GHG or reservoir).
12. A requirement has been added to include in the instructions on fire safety measures the permissible (limit) number of people who can simultaneously be at the facility and are responsible for evacuation.
13. Changed configuration requirements primary means gas station firefighting.
14. Fire extinguishers can be numbered with any paint. The requirement for rotary seals on fire extinguishers has been removed. The seal can be any.
15. Returned the previous (from PPB 01-03) version of the requirement for equipping objects with fire shields.

These changes were introduced by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 23, 2014 No. 581

The rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 No. 390) came into force and began to operate from 09/01/2012.

The rules contain mandatory fire safety requirements, establish rules for the behavior of people, the organization of production or the maintenance of buildings, structures, territories, premises and organizations in order to ensure fire safety. The rules regulate the conditions of the fire regime, in particular in the territories of settlements, in buildings for people to live, scientific and educational, cultural, educational and entertainment institutions, trade organizations, medical institutions. The annexes give the norms for equipping premises with fire extinguishers, the form of a work permit for performing hot work. The Decree entered into force 7 days after the day of its official publication, with the exception of certain provisions.

Fire regime rules

Chapter I: Fire regime rules: General provisions
Chapter II: Rules for the fire regime: Territories of settlements
Chapter III: Rules for the fire regime: Stove heating
Chapter IV: Fire Regulations: Residential Buildings
Chapter V: Fire Regulations: Scientific and Educational Institutions
Chapter VI: Rules for the fire regime: Cultural, educational and entertainment institutions
Chapter VII: Fire regime rules: Objects of trade organizations
Chapter VIII: Rules for the fire regime: Medical institutions
Chapter IX: Fire regime rules: Production facilities
Chapter X: Fire regulations: Agricultural facilities
Chapter XI: Fire regime rules: Transport infrastructure facilities
Chapter XII: Rules for the fire regime: Transportation of fire-explosive and flammable substances and materials
Chapter XIII: Fire Regulations: Liquefied Petroleum Gas Discharge Operations
Chapter XIV: Fire Regulations: Storage Objects
Chapter XV: Rules for the fire regime: Construction, installation and restoration work
Chapter XVI: Fire regulations: Fire hazardous work
Chapter XVII: Fire Regulations: Petrol Stations
Chapter XVIII: Rules for the fire regime: Requirements for instructions on fire safety measures
Chapter XIX: Fire regime rules: Provision of facilities with primary fire extinguishing equipment
Annex 1: Rules for the fire regime: Norms for equipping premises with hand-held fire extinguishers
Appendix 2: Rules for the fire regime: Standards for equipping premises with mobile fire extinguishers
Annex 3: Rules for the fire regime: Radius for clearing the territory from combustible materials
Annex 4: Rules for the fire regime: Work permit for the performance of hot work
Annex 5: Rules for the fire regime: Norms for equipping buildings, structures, structures and territories with fire shields
Annex 6: Rules for the fire regime: Standards for completing fire shields with non-mechanized tools and equipment

Download document — Please or to access this content

The main changes compared to the rules of the fire department are discussed below. security 01-03, the effect of which canceled.

The main changes in the Rules of the fire regime

Instructions on PB measures should be available at all facilities without exception, in addition, the requirements for instructions have undergone significant changes in terms of appointing those responsible for a number of issues;
All employees must be trained in the fire-technical minimum;
Responsible for fire safety are appointed at all facilities;
Evacuation plans are developed for each floor with 10 or more workplaces;
At objects with a night stay of people, there should be RPE (personal respiratory protection equipment) and telephone communications;
The rules no longer stipulate the requirements for SOUE (with the exception of buildings for temporary stay (residence) of people (hotels, motels, hostels, etc.) with the presence of foreign citizens, where voice notification must be performed by broadcasting text in Russian and English);
The rules no longer stipulate requirements for finishing escape routes;
Owners of individual residential buildings provide a container with water or a fire extinguisher without fail;
Quality control of fire protection is carried out within the time specified in the documentation of the manufacturer;
The rules do not prohibit the installation of blind metal gratings (including in places of cultural events and in healthcare institutions);
We move the Christmas tree from the wall and shorten it from the ceiling not just, but also by at least 1 m;
Lanterns at a facility with a massive presence of people should be Фт = Кд + Кo / 50 (where, Фт - the required number of lamps; Кд - the number of staff on duty; Ko - the number of people at the facility (excluding staff on duty);
Through the requirements of the Rules, it is impossible to reach the requirement of regulatory documents for the electric power industry;
The absence of a stand under the electric heater is not a violation of the Rules;
Checking the performance of fire protection systems and means is carried out at least once a quarter;
The need to accept school buildings before the start school year with the participation of the GPN has been removed from the Rules;
Banners and banners on the facades must be non-flammable or non-combustible;
Scroll necessary documentation at gas stations, required by PPB 01-03, from new version of the Rules has been removed (including everything related to the availability and development of PLL has been removed);
The locking and starting device of the fire extinguisher is sealed with a disposable plastic numbered control seal of the rotary type (white color - the manufacturer of the fire extinguisher, yellow color - the organization that carried out the maintenance);
Fire shields are installed regardless of the presence of a PC and AUPT at the facility.

Comparison of PPB 01-03 and the Rules for the fire regime in the Russian Federation (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 390 dated April 25, 2012).
No. p / p			Note
1.	6. Fire safety instructions should be developed at each facility. for each explosive and fire hazardous area(workshop, workshop, etc.) in accordance with Appendix No. 1.	2. In a relationship *everyone* object (with the exception of individual residential buildings) the head of the organization (individual entrepreneur), in whose use the objects are located on the right of ownership or on another legal basis (hereinafter referred to as the head of the organization), the instruction on fire safety measures is approved in accordance with the requirements established by Section XVIII of these Rules *including separate* for each fire-explosive and fire-hazardous production and storage premises.	Any object - an instruction on the MPB (previously - in the presence of an explosive and (or) fire hazardous area).
2.	7. All employees of organizations should be allowed to work only after passing the fire safety briefing, and if the specifics of work change, they should undergo additional training on preventing and extinguishing possible fires in the manner prescribed by the head.	3. Persons are allowed to work at the facility only after passing the training in fire safety measures. Training of persons in fire safety measures is carried out by conducting fire safety briefing *and* passing *fire-technical minimum.* The procedure and terms for conducting fire-fighting briefing and passing the fire-technical minimum are determined by the head of the organization. Fire safety training is carried out in accordance with fire safety regulations.	For the first time, the Rules introduced the need for PTM training. Apparently, the regulatory documents mean the NPB “Training fire safety measures for employees of organizations” ( in this case, the timing is determined by the NPB, and not independently determined by the head)
3.	8. Heads of organizations or individual entrepreneurs have the right to appoint persons who, by virtue of their position or the nature of the work performed, by virtue of the current regulatory legal acts and other acts, must comply with the relevant fire safety rules, or ensure their observance in certain areas of work.	4. Head of the organization *appoints* person responsible for fire safety, who ensures compliance with fire safety requirements at the facility.	“Have the right” actually turned into “should”
4.	9. In order to involve employees of enterprises in the work of preventing and fighting fires at facilities, fire-technical commissions and voluntary fire units can be created.	5. In order to organize and carry out work to prevent fires at production facilities, facilities where 50 or more people can be located at the same time, that is, with a mass stay of people, the head of the organization *maybe* create a fire-technical commission.	The need to create a PTK is tied, incl. to objects with mass stay of people. However, this requirement of the Rules did not take the status of "mandatory"
5.	13. In all production, administrative, warehouse and auxiliary premises, signs indicating the telephone number for calling the fire brigade must be posted in prominent places.	6. In warehouse, industrial, administrative and public buildings, places of open storage of substances and materials, as well as placement of technological installations to the head of the organization ensures the availability of plates with number phone to call the fire brigade.	Technological installations and places of open storage of substances and materials have been added to the objects of application of this requirement.
6.	16. In buildings and structures (except for residential buildings) with a one-time more than 10 people on the floor plans (schemes) for evacuating people in case of fire should be developed and posted in prominent places, and a system (installation) for warning people about a fire should be provided. ...	7. At an object with a mass stay of people (except for residential buildings), as well as at an object *with jobs* on the floor for 10 or more people, the head of the organization ensures that people have evacuation plans in case of fire.	Very pertinent specifics have been added on the “status” of 10 people on the floor, necessitating the development and placement of an evacuation plan. The need for a warning system has gone from the Rules exclusively to the area regulated by fire safety regulations
7.	130. In social welfare institutions (including boarding schools, homes for the elderly and disabled, orphanages) round-the-clock duty of service personnel should be organized. The duty officer must always carry a set of keys for all locks on the doors of emergency exits. Another set of keys is kept in the duty room. Each key in both sets must have an inscription about its belonging to the corresponding lock.	8. On the object with overnight stay people (including in boarding schools, homes for the elderly and disabled, orphanages, preschool institutions, hospitals and facilities for children's summer recreation), the head of the organization organizes round-the-clock duty of attendants.	Relevant specifics have been introduced regarding the objects of application of the requirement. The controversial requirement about the need for keys was removed, which, in fact, went against paragraph 52 of PPB 01-03 on locks on the doors of emergency exits
8.	16. ... At facilities with a mass stay of people (50 or more people), in addition to a schematic plan for evacuating people in case of fire, an instruction should be developed that determines the actions of personnel to ensure safe and quick evacuation of people, according to which practical training should be held at least once every six months all workers involved in the evacuation. For facilities with night stay of people (kindergartens, boarding schools, hospitals, etc.), the instruction should provide for two options for action: during the day and at night. The heads of these facilities daily at the established State fire service(hereinafter - GPS) time is reported in fire station, in the exit area of \u200b\u200bwhich the object is located, information on the number of people located at each object.	9. At an object with a night stay of people, the head of the organization ensures that there is an instruction on the procedure for the maintenance personnel in case of a fire during the day and at night, telephone communications, electric lights (at least 1 flashlight for each person on duty), personal respiratory protection and human vision from toxic combustion products. 10. The head of the organization ensures (on a daily basis) the transfer to the fire department, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe departure of which there is an object with a night stay of people, information about the number of people (sick) who are at the object (including at night). 12. At a facility with a mass stay of people, the head of the organization ensures that there is an instruction on the actions of personnel for evacuating people in case of fire, as well as conducting practical training at least once every six months for persons carrying out their activities at the facility.	The instruction on the procedure for personnel actions did not become rigidly tied to the evacuation plan (which was often interpreted as this instruction being its integral part, with the need to place a large number of the text in the schematic part of the evacuation plan). A conceptual requirement has been introduced that all facilities where people stay at night must have telephone communications and personal protective equipment for respiratory and human vision from toxic combustion products (in PPB 01-03 p. 129, the presence of RPE was required for maintenance personnel of residential buildings). (the order of maintenance of RPE is not defined, required amount etc. requirements, the absence of which could be at least partially compensated by the presence of a Code of Rules that has not been adopted) According to the content of clause 10 of the PPR, it follows that it is necessary to report to the fire brigade information on the number of people at night, staying incl. in restaurants, clubs, discos, etc. objects. According to the content of clause 12 of the PPR, it is specified that all persons working at the facility participate in evacuation exercises (the previous wording did not allow for ambiguous interpretations)
9.	17. In buildings and structures with round-the-clock stay of people belonging to the category of people with limited mobility (disabled people with lesions of the musculoskeletal system, people with visual impairments and hearing impairments, as well as elderly and temporarily disabled people), timely receipt of accessible and high-quality information about a fire, including duplicated light, sound and visual alarms connected to a fire warning system, should be provided.Light, sound and visual informing signaling should be provided in the premises visited by this category of persons, as well as at each evacuation, emergency exit and on evacuation routes. Light signals in the form of luminous signs should be switched on simultaneously with sound signals. The flickering frequency of light signals should not exceed 5 Hz. Visual information should be located on a contrasting background with the size of the signs corresponding to the viewing distance. The service personnel of such organizations must undergo special training on the evacuation of persons belonging to the category of people with limited mobility, according to programs agreed with the GPS.	13. At an object with a round-the-clock stay of people belonging to low-mobility groups of the population (disabled people with lesions of the musculoskeletal system, people with visual impairments and hearing impairments, as well as elderly people and temporarily disabled), the head of the organization organizes training persons carrying out their activities at the facility, to the actions for the evacuation of these citizens in the event of a fire.	The technical features of the warning system have left the Rules exclusively for the area regulated by fire safety regulations. The requirement for the need for a special program agreed with the State Fire Service has been removed.
10.	25. It is not allowed to smoke on the territory and in the premises of warehouses and depots, grain receiving points, objects of trade, extraction, processing and storage of flammable liquids, combustible liquids and combustible gases (hereinafter referred to as GGs), production of all types of explosives, explosion and fire hazardous and fire hazardous areas, as well as in non places designated for smoking by other organizations, in preschool and school institutions, in cereal areas.	14. The head of the organization ensures that the requirements stipulated by Article 6 of the Federal Law “On the Restriction of Tobacco Smoking” are met at the facility. storage of flammable and combustible liquids and combustible gases, at production facilities for all types of explosives, at fire and explosion hazardous and fire hazardous areas. , are marked with “Smoking Area” signs.	Very boldly, all the requirements of Article 6 of the Federal Law “On Restricting Tobacco Smoking” fell within the scope of the Rules. Article 6 air transport, in indoor sports facilities, healthcare organizations, cultural organizations, on the territories and premises of educational organizations, in premises occupied by bodies state power 1. In order to reduce harmful effects tobacco smoke it is prohibited to smoke tobacco at workplaces, in urban and suburban transport, on air transport with a flight duration of less than three hours, in indoor sports facilities, health care organizations, cultural organizations, on the territories and premises of educational organizations, in premises occupied by state bodies authorities, with the exception of smoking tobacco in specially designated areas for smoking tobacco.2. The employer is obliged to equip specially designated places for smoking tobacco.3. Violation of the provisions of this article entails bringing to administrative responsibility in accordance with the law. In the list of prohibition signs of GOST 12.4.026-2001, there is no sign literally meaning “Tobacco smoking and the use of open fire is prohibited” (according to semantic meaning sign P 02 is suitable Appendix D)
11.	113. It is recommended that each residential building have a container (barrel) with water or a fire extinguisher.	15. The owners of individual residential buildings ensure that there are containers (barrels) with water or a fire extinguisher on the plots.	Requirement moved from recommended to mandatory
12.	36. Violations of fire-retardant coatings (plaster, special paints, varnishes, coatings, etc.) of building structures, combustible finishing and heat-insulating materials, metal supports of equipment must be immediately eliminated. Treated (impregnated) in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents wooden structures and fabrics after the expiration of the treatment (impregnation) and in case of loss of the flame retardant properties of the compositions must be processed (impregnated) again. The state of the flame retardant treatment (impregnation) should be checked at least twice a year.	21. The head of the organization ensures the elimination of violations of fire-retardant coatings (plaster, special paints, varnishes, coatings) of building structures, combustible finishing and heat-insulating materials, air ducts, metal supports of equipment and overpasses, and also checks the quality of fire-retardant treatment (impregnation) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions with the drawing up of an act of checking the quality of fire-retardant treatment (impregnation). The quality check of fire-retardant treatment (impregnation) in the absence of periodicity terms in the instructions is carried out at least 2 times a year.	Added an important note about the timing of quality control of fire retardant treatment in accordance with the passport (instruction) of the manufacturer
13.	40. In buildings, structures of organizations (with the exception of individual residential buildings) it is forbidden: ... to arrange warehouses for combustible materials and workshops, to place other utility rooms in basements and basement floors, if the entrance to them is not isolated from common staircases; ... to clutter up doors, hatches on balconies and loggias, transitions to adjacent sections and exits to external evacuation stairs;… arrange pantries (closets) in staircases and floor corridors, as well as store things, furniture and other combustible materials under flights of stairs and on landings. Under flights of stairs in the first and basement floors, only rooms for control units are allowed central heating, water metering units and switchboards, fenced off with partitions made of non-combustible materials;	23. It is prohibited at the facility: ... d) to arrange workshops in the basements and basement floors, as well as to place other utility rooms if there is no independent exit or the exit from them is not isolated by fire barriers from common staircases; ... g) clutter up with furniture, equipment and other doors, hatches on balconies and loggias, transitions to adjacent sections and exits to external evacuation stairs, dismantle inter-balcony stairs, seal and clutter hatches on balconies and loggias of apartments;… j) arrange storerooms and other utility rooms in staircases and floor corridors, as well as store things, furniture and other combustible materials under flights of stairs and on landings; l) install external units of air conditioners in stairwells.	The scope of the item has been expanded (it applies to all buildings without exception). Item D of the PPR has been brought into line with the fire safety regulations. SP 1.13130.2009 p.4.4.4 and electrical input distribution devices. Introduced into the Rules for the first time *The ban on the installation of deaf metal gratings in window openings no more*
14.	41. Outdoor fire escapes and railings on the roofs (coverings) of buildings and structures must be maintained in good condition and subjected to operational tests at least once every five years.	24. The head of the organization ensures the maintenance of outdoor fire escapes and fences on the roofs (coverings) of buildings and structures in good condition, organizes at least 1 time in 5 years performance tests of fire escapes and roof fences with the preparation of the relevant test report.	GOST R 53254-2009
15.	42. In rooms with one emergency exit, simultaneous stay of 50 or more people is not allowed. In buildings of IV and V degrees of fire resistance, simultaneous stay of 50 or more people is allowed only in the premises of the first floor.	25. It is not allowed to stay more than 50 people in rooms with one emergency exit at the same time. At the same time, in buildings of IV and V degrees of fire resistance, the simultaneous stay of more than 50 people is allowed only in the premises of the 1st floor.	The contradiction between the Rules and other regulatory documents has been eliminated (previously - the conflict of clause 6.12* of SNiP 21-01-97* and clause 42 of PPB 01-03)
16.	50. When organizing and conducting new year holidays and other events with a mass stay of people: it is allowed to use only rooms provided with at least two emergency exits that meet the requirements of design standards, without bars on the windows and located no higher than 2 floors in buildings with combustible ceilings; the tree must be installed on a stable base and in such a way that the branches did not touch walls and ceiling; It is forbidden: holding events with locked swing bars on the windows of the premises in which they are held;	31. When holding events with a mass stay of people in buildings with combustible ceilings, it is allowed to use only the premises located on the 1st and 2nd floors. ... The Christmas tree should be installed on a stable base and not block the exit from the premises. Tree branches should be at least 1 meter away from walls and ceilings.	Removed the ban on the installation of gratingsIntroduced a new distance requirement
17.	52. Doors on evacuation routes should open freely and in the direction of exit from the building, with the exception of doors, the opening of which is not regulated by the requirements of fire safety regulations. keyless.	35. The locks on the doors of emergency exits must ensure that they can be freely opened from the inside without a key. The head of the organization at whose facility the fire broke out, fire departments have access to enclosed spaces for fire containment and extinguishing purposes.	The requirement to organize access for divisions was introduced by the Rules for the first time
18.	53. During the operation of evacuation routes and exits, it is prohibited: ... use combustible materials for finishing, cladding and painting walls and ceilings, as well as steps and landings on escape routes (except for buildings of the V degree of fire resistance);	36. During the operation of evacuation routes, evacuation and emergency exits, it is prohibited:	Application requirement finishing materials escape routes left the Rules exclusively in the area regulated by fire safety regulations
19.		38. At facilities with a mass stay of people, the head of the organization ensures the availability of serviceable electric lights at the rate of 1 lamp for 50 people.	Introduced for the first time Taking into account clause 9 of the PPR, we obtain: F t = K d + K o / 50 where, F t - the required number of lamps; K d - the number of staff on duty; K o - the number of people at the facility (with the exception of the duty personnel)
20.	57. Design, installation, operation electrical networks, electrical installations and electrical products, as well as control over their technical condition must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents for the electric power industry.		Removed paragraph of the Rules, through which it was actually possible to reach any requirement of other norms and rules (PUE, etc.)
21.	60. During the operation of existing electrical installations, it is prohibited: ... to use electric irons, electric stoves, electric kettles and other electric heaters that do not have thermal protection devices, without supports made of non-combustible heat-insulating materials that exclude the risk of fire; ... use non-standard (home-made) electric heaters, use uncalibrated fuse links or other homemade devices overload and short circuit protection;	42. It is forbidden: ... d) to use electric irons, electric stoves, electric kettles and other electric heaters that do not have thermal protection devices, as well as in the absence or malfunction of the thermostats provided for by the design;
22.	61. Three-dimensional self-luminous fire safety signs with autonomous power supply and from the mains, used on evacuation routes (including light indicators “Evacuation (emergency) exit”, “Emergency exit door”), must be constantly in good working order. and on state. In visual, demonstration, exhibition and other halls, they can only be turned on for the duration of events with the presence of people. Emergency lighting should turn on automatically when the power supply to the working lighting is interrupted.	43. The head of the organization ensures that fire safety signs are in good condition, including those indicating escape routes and evacuation exits. Evacuation lighting should turn on automatically when the power supply to the working lighting is interrupted. the time of events with the presence of people.	The contradiction with other regulatory documents on the state of light annunciators and indicators in standby mode has been eliminated
23.	78. Ventilation chambers, cyclones, filters, air ducts must be cleaned of combustible production waste within the time limits specified by the organization order. For explosive and fire hazardous premises, a procedure for cleaning ventilation systems using safe methods must be established.	50. The head of the organization determines the procedure and terms for cleaning ventilation chambers, cyclones, filters and air ducts from combustible waste with the preparation of the relevant act, while such work is carried out at least once a year.Cleaning of ventilation systems of fire and explosion hazardous and fire hazardous premises must be carried out by fire and explosion safe methods.	Added specifics on the timing of cleaning ventilation systems, added the need to draw up an act
24.	88. The use of elevators by organizations with the operating mode “transportation of fire departments” should be regulated by an instruction approved by the head of the organization and coordinated with the GPS.	54. The procedure for the use of elevators by organizations with the operating mode “transportation of fire departments” is regulated by an instruction approved by the head of the organization. Specified Instructions should be posted directly at the elevator car controls.
25.	90. At hydrants and reservoirs (water sources), as well as in the direction of movement to them, appropriate signs must be installed (volumetric with a lamp or flat, made using reflective coatings). They must be clearly marked with numbers indicating the distance to the water source.		Requirement removed from Rules
26.	91. Fire hydrants of the internal fire-fighting water supply must be equipped with hoses and trunks. The fire hose must be attached to the faucet and barrel. It is necessary to roll the sleeves to a new roll at least once a year.	57. The head of the organization ensures that the fire hydrants of the internal fire-fighting water supply are equipped with fire hoses, manual fire hoses and valves, organizes the rolling of fire hoses (at least once a year). The fire hose must be attached to the fire hydrant and fire hose. Fire cabinets are attached to the wall, while ensuring the full opening of the doors of the cabinets by at least 90 degrees.	Included in the Rules for the first time
27.	93. Electric gate valves installed on the bypass lines of water metering devices must be checked for operability at least twice a year, and fire pumps - monthly. The specified equipment must be in good condition.	59. The head of the organization ensures the good condition and performance checks of the electric gate valves (at least 2 times a year), water metering devices and fire booster pumps installed on the bypass lines (monthly), with the entry in the log of the date of verification and characteristics of the technical condition of the specified equipment.	For the first time, the Rules require a check log for electric gate valves and fire pumps.
28.		61. The head of the organization ensures the good condition of the systems and means of fire protection of the facility (automatic fire extinguishing and alarm systems, installations of smoke protection systems, fire warning systems for people, fire alarms, fire water supply systems, fire doors, fire and smoke dampers, protective devices in fire barriers ) and organizes at least 1 time per quarter a performance check of these systems and means of fire protection of the facility with the issuance of the relevant inspection report. When installing, repairing and maintaining fire safety equipment for buildings and structures, design decisions, the requirements of regulatory documents on fire safety and (or) special technical conditions must be observed. At the facility executive documentation must be kept on installations and systems of fire protection of the facility.	Introduced into the Rules for the first time
29.	96. Routine maintenance and scheduled preventive maintenance (hereinafter referred to as MOT and PPR) of automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations, smoke protection systems, fire warning and evacuation management should be carried out in accordance with the annual schedule drawn up taking into account the technical documentation manufacturers, and the timing of repairs. Maintenance and preventive maintenance must be carried out by specially trained service personnel or by a specialized organization that has a license, under a contract. During the period of maintenance or repair work related to the shutdown of the installation (individual lines, detectors), the head of the enterprise must take the necessary measures to protect buildings, structures, premises, technological equipment from fires.	63. The head of the organization ensures, in accordance with the annual schedule drawn up taking into account the technical documentation of manufacturers, and the timing of the repair work, routine maintenance and scheduled preventive maintenance of fire protection systems for buildings and structures (automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations, smoke protection systems, fire warning systems and evacuation management). During the period of maintenance or repair work related to the shutdown of fire protection systems or their elements, the head of the organization takes the necessary measures to protect objects from fires.	From now on, the Rules do not establish requirements for organizations and officials eligible for maintenance of fire protection systems
30.		75. ... It is forbidden to use for parking cars (private cars and cars of organizations) U-turn and special areas intended for the installation of fire and rescue equipment.	Introduced by the Rules for the first time
31.	23. ... The closure of roads or driveways for their repair or for other reasons that impede the passage of fire trucks must be immediately reported to the fire department.	76. When carrying out repair work on roads or driveways related to their closure, the head of the organization carrying out the repair (construction) provides the fire department with relevant information on the timing of these works and ensures the installation of signs indicating the direction of the bypass, or arranges crossings through the repaired road sections and driveways.
32.		89. …If there are foreign citizens at the specified facilities voice messages in fire alarm systems and management of the evacuation of people, as well as leaflets on fire safety measures are carried out in Russian and English.	Introduced by the Rules for the first time
33.	121. Gas cylinders(working and spare) for supplying gas to household gas appliances (including cookers, hot water boilers, geysers) should, as a rule, be located outside buildings in extensions (cabinets or under casings covering the upper part of the cylinders and the gearbox) made of non-combustible materials near a blank wall at a distance of at least 5 m from the entrances to the building, basement and basement floors.	92. Gas cylinders for household gas appliances (including cookers, hot water boilers, gas water heaters), with the exception of 1 cylinder with a volume of not more than 5 liters connected to gas stove prefabricated, are located outside buildings in extensions (cabinets or under covers that cover the upper part of the cylinders and the gearbox) made of non-combustible materials near a blank wall at a distance of at least 5 meters from the entrances to the building, basement and basement floors.	Added an exception to the rules
34.	137. School buildings before the start of the school year must be accepted by the relevant commissions, which include representatives of the state fire supervision.		Requirement removed from Rules
35.	148. Before the opening of the season, all cultural, educational and entertainment institutions must be checked for compliance with fire safety requirements and accepted by interdepartmental commissions of local governments.		Requirement removed from Rules
36.	158. If it is necessary to carry out special fire effects in open areas, the responsible director (chief director, artistic director) must develop and implement fire prevention measures in agreement with the state fire supervision authorities.		Requirement removed from Rules
37.	174. The sale of ammunition (gunpowder, primers, loaded cartridges) and pyrotechnic products is allowed to be carried out in specialized stores or specialized departments (sections). At the same time, departments (sections) for the sale of ammunition and pyrotechnic products should be located on the upper floors of stores and not adjacent to emergency exits.	131. It is forbidden to combine the sale in one trading floor of weapons (civilian and official) and cartridges for them and other types of goods, with the exception of sports, hunting and fishing accessories and spare parts for weapons.
38.	178. It is allowed to store no more than one box of black powder (50 kg), one box of smokeless powder (50 kg) directly in the store buildings and 15 thousand equipped cartridges. Procurement offices are allowed to store up to 200 kg of gunpowder.	134. It is allowed to store 50 kilograms of black powder or 50 kilograms of smokeless powder directly in the store buildings.
39.	181 . ... In hospitals, wards for the seriously ill and children should be placed on the lower floors.	135. ... Wards for seriously ill adults and children should be placed on the first floors buildings.
40.	184 . It is forbidden: to equip and use rooms in buildings with wards for patients that are not related to the medical process (except for those determined by design standards); to install beds in corridors, halls and other evacuation routes; install metal bars or blinds on the windows of the rooms where patients and attendants are located;paste over wooden walls and ceilings with wallpaper or paint them with nitro or oil paints;use for interior decoration materials that emit toxic substances during combustion; install and store oxygen cylinders in the buildings of medical institutions; use rubber and plastic hoses to supply oxygen from cylinders to hospital wards; use faulty medical electrical equipment; arrange furnace openings for stoves in hospital wards; place workshops, warehouses, storerooms in the basement and basement floors of medical institutions.	136. It is prohibited to: a) equip and use rooms in buildings with wards for patients that are not related to the treatment process (except for rooms determined by design standards); b) install beds in corridors, halls and other escape routes; c) install and store cylinders with oxygen in the buildings of medical institutions; d) arrange furnace openings for furnaces in hospital wards; e) place workshops, warehouses and storerooms in the basement and basement floors of medical institutions.
41.	188. X-ray film archives with a capacity of more than 300 kg should be located in separate buildings, and with a capacity of less than 300 kg it is allowed to be placed in buildings that are fenced off fire walls and overlappings of the 1st type. The distance from the archives to neighboring buildings must be at least 15 m. It is allowed to store no more than 500 kg of film in one section of the archives. Each section must have its own exhaust ventilation. Section doors should open outward. The ratio of window area to floor area in archives should be at least 1:8. Heating of archives should be central. Steam heating is not allowed in them, metal ovens, as well as makeshift metal pipes. It is not allowed to install electrical panels, disconnecting devices, electric bells, plug connections in the premises of the archive. During non-working hours, the electrical wiring in the storage facilities must be de-energized.189 . Storage of films and radiographs indoors, with their quantity up to 4 kg, is allowed in a metal cabinet (box) outside the X-ray film archive if the cabinet is located no closer than 1 m from the heating devices. In the premises where such cabinets are installed, smoking and the use of heating devices of any type are not allowed.190. X-ray film archives are equipped with metal (wooden sheathed with iron over asbestos) film stats or cabinets, divided into sections with a depth and length of not more than 50 cm. The distance from cabinets to walls, windows, ceiling and floor should be at least 0.5 m.		Requirements removed from the Rules
42.	358. In rooms, under sheds and in open areas for storing vehicles, it is prohibited: ... to store containers from under fuel, as well as fuel and oils (except garages for individual vehicles);	249. In rooms, under sheds and in open areas for storage (parking) of vehicles, it is prohibited: ... f) to store containers from under fuel, as well as fuel and oils;
43.	507. The electrical equipment of warehouses at the end of the working day must be de-energized. Devices designed to disconnect the power supply of the warehouse must be located outside the warehouse on a wall made of non-combustible materials or on a free-standing support, be enclosed in a cabinet or niche with a sealing device and locked.	349. Warehouse equipment at the end of the working day should be de-energized. Devices designed to disconnect the power supply of the warehouse must be located outside the warehouse on a wall made of non-combustible materials or a free-standing support.
44.		372. Banners and banners placed on the facades of residential, administrative or public buildings are made of non-combustible or slow-burning materials.	Introduced by the Rules for the first time
45.		XV. Construction, installation and restoration work 394. Separate block containers used as administrative and amenity premises may be located in 2-story groups of no more than 10 pieces in a group and an area of \u200b\u200bno more than 800 square meters. meters. From these groups to other objects, a distance of at least 15 meters is allowed. People living in specified premises on the construction site is not allowed.	Introduced by the Rules for the first time
46.	698. To monitor compliance with fire safety requirements, inspect filling stations (gas stations), promptly obtain the information and technical information Filling stations (gas stations) must have the following documentation:duly approved copy master plan A filling station (gas station), containing a layout of objects on its territory, indicating the distances between them and to the objects closest to the filling station (gas station), as well as a traffic pattern Vehicle on the specified territory;certificates for existing equipment;technical and operational documentation (hereinafter - TED) for technological systems and equipment of filling stations, approved and agreed upon in the prescribed manner;a plan for the localization and elimination of fire hazardous situations and fires at filling stations (gas stations), agreed with the State Fire Service;a plan-scheme of the nearest water sources indicating the distances to them and the flow rate of water sources; a plan for the evacuation of people and vehicles from the territory of the gas station (gas station), agreed with the State Fire Service; documents defining the responsibility for ensuring fire safety during the operation of filling stations (gas stations); instructions that define the requirements for ensuring fire safety during operation and maintenance Filling stations (gas stations) developed on the basis of the Manual for the operation of technological systems and equipment of filling stations (gas stations), which is part of the TED; job description of a security guard for a gas station (gas station) (if security of a gas station or gas station is provided), developed taking into account the fire safety requirements for gas stations (gas stations); schedule for routine maintenance; register of routine maintenance; register of maintenance and repair work carried out on the lightning protection systems of filling stations (gas stations); register of petroleum products; equipment repair register; primary and re-briefing at the workplace on labor safety, industrial sanitation and fire safety; duty or shift (when organizing shift work of filling stations or gas stations) magazine; other documents that, in the opinion of the head (owner) of the filling station (gas station), are necessary for safe operation.		Removed from the Rules
47.	768. PLL is developed by the operating organization (owner) of the gas station (gas station), approved by the head of this organization, agreed with the State Fire Service and, if necessary, with other interested organizations.		Removed from the rules. The presence of the Plan for the localization and elimination of fire hazardous situations and fires at gas stations is no longer stipulated by the Rules
48.	Application No. 1 Instructions on fire safety measures should be developed on the basis of fire safety rules, regulatory, technical, regulatory and other documents containing fire safety requirements, based on the specifics of the fire hazard of buildings, structures, technological processes, technological and production equipment.	462. The instructions on fire safety measures indicate the persons responsible for ensuring fire safety, including for: a) reporting a fire to the fire brigade and notifying (informing) the management and duty services of the facility; b) organizing the rescue of people using the available forces and means; c) checking the inclusion of automatic fire protection systems (systems for warning people about a fire, fire extinguishing, smoke protection); , gas, steam and water communications, stopping the operation of ventilation systems in emergency and adjacent premises, taking other measures that help prevent the development of fire and smoke in the premises of the building; technological process production), except for works related to fire extinguishing measures; f) removal from the danger zone of all employees who are not involved in extinguishing the fire; g) implementation of general guidance on fire extinguishing (taking into account the specific features of the facility) before the arrival of the fire department; h) ensuring compliance with safety requirements by employees participating in fire extinguishing; i) organizing, simultaneously with extinguishing the fire, evacuation and protection of material assets; j) meeting fire departments and assisting in choosing the shortest path to get to the fire; k) reporting to the fire departments involved in extinguishing fires and conducting related emergency rescue operations, information necessary to ensure the safety of personnel about hazardous (explosive), explosive, highly toxic substances being processed or stored at the facility; l) upon arrival of the fire department, informing the head of the fire extinguishing about the constructive and technological features object, adjacent buildings and structures, on the number and flammable properties substances, materials, products stored and used at the facility and reporting other information necessary for the successful elimination of a fire; m) organizing the attraction of forces and means of the object to the implementation of measures related to the elimination of a fire and the prevention of its development.	For the first time, new requirements for assigning responsible persons have been introduced into the instruction on fire safety measures
49.	Annex 3	475. ... The starting or locking-starting device of the fire extinguisher must be sealed with a disposable plastic numbered control seal of the rotary type. 476. The sealing of the fire extinguisher is carried out by the manufacturer during the production of the fire extinguisher or by specialized organizations during routine maintenance or recharging of the fire extinguisher. 477. The following designations are applied to the one-time numbered control seal of the rotary type: individual number of the seal; date in quarter-year format; model of the filling device; symbol of the manufacturer of the sealing device. Control seals with rotor white color are used for sealing fire extinguishers produced by the manufacturer. Control seals with rotor yellow color are used for sealing fire extinguishers after routine maintenance by specialized organizations.	Introduced by the Rules for the first time
50.	Appendix 3 p.21. For placement of primary fire extinguishing equipment, non-mechanized tools and fire equipment in production and storage facilities that are not equipped with internal fire water supply and automatic fire extinguishing installations, as well as on the territory of enterprises (organizations) that do not have external fire water supply, or when buildings (structures), external technological installations of these enterprises are removed at a distance of more than 100 m from outdoor fire water sources should be equipped with fire shields.	481. To accommodate primary fire extinguishing equipment, non-mechanized fire tools and equipment in buildings, structures, structures and territories, fire shields are equipped. The required number of fire shields for buildings, structures, structures and territories is determined in accordance with Appendix N 5.	Exception for installing fire shields removed from the Rules
51.	Reference Annex 2 "Fire safety requirements for the joint storage of substances and materials"		Removed from the Rules

We study the new Rules of the fire regime with the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia

How do the new Rules differ from the old ones, how burdensome will they be for business, what responsibilities do the heads of organizations have?
With these and other questions, we turned to Sergey Voronov, Deputy Director of the Supervisory Department of the EMERCOM of Russia, Ph.D.

"EZh": How do the new Fire Regulations differ from the previous norms?

S.V.: There is a clear separation of capital and regime requirements.
Everything related to the application of the Technical Regulations on fire safety requirements is capital requirements to which buildings and structures must comply. For implementation specified requirements Significant both material and time costs are required.

The regime is the rules of human behavior, the maintenance of buildings, structures, individual premises and territories.

The old rules contained many strict requirements not only for the regime, but also for individual elements fire protection. Adopted resolution defines only the fire regime, and capital requirements are not included in it. The main task is to fire fighting systems properly maintained, operated and not damaged in daily life.

In addition, the status of the document has changed. Previously, it was the standard legal act Russian Emergency Situations Ministry. Now the level is higher - the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation. Few acts of this level are approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. In this case we are talking about the most important value - the preservation of human life and health. Therefore, the adopted act has such a high status.

"EJ": Will the fire inspectors require compliance with the instructions issued under the old rules?

SV: The situation is as follows. A draft order of the Minister of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia has been prepared to cancel the order, which established the rules that were in force before the entry into force of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 No. 390.

Part of the requirements that were previously contained in the prescriptions must be aligned with the new requirements. If they correspond with new edition, the fire inspector will demand their execution, if not, the inspector is not entitled to apply them. They should be excluded from the prescription.

"EJ": What duties did the heads of organizations have with the entry into force of the Rules?

SV: The head, as before, is authorized to organize work to ensure fire safety: appoint a person responsible for fire safety, if necessary, create a fire-technical commission for preventive fire prevention activities. First of all, this concerns production facilities with massive crowds. Mass is the simultaneous presence of 50 or more people at the facility.
In addition, there are a number mandatory requirements detailed in the general part of the decision. And in almost every part of the Rules, the duty of the head of an economic entity to ensure fire safety is a red thread. In the old rules, this was blurred, in the new it was specified.

"EJ": When creating the Rules, were recent events taken into account, in particular, the fire in the Lame Horse club, on the Federation Tower of the Moscow business center? What novels appeared in connection with this?

S.V.: The prohibition of pyrotechnic and fire fire shows at facilities with a massive presence of people during cultural and entertainment events is clearly spelled out. The storage of flammable gases is prohibited in certain areas. In a room where more than 50 people stay at a time, there must be at least two exits. In the Lame Horse, where there were almost 300 people at night, there was only one evacuation exit.

In a word, there are cases that the fire inspector cannot track: at night he will not go with a check - the law prohibits. This is a regime that the head of the organization must ensure.

The fire at the Federation Tower under construction happened due to the fact that the construction site was illuminated by powerful spotlights. The concrete was being poured. This is possible for any weather conditions. But in the cold, in order for the poured concrete to harden, it is covered with a special material. To this end, the builders applied special coating to protect against the effects of external temperature, in order to comply with the technology. However, a strong gust of wind tore off the coating and threw it onto the spotlights. The fire started. All requirements for the distance of the spotlights were met. If there had not been strong gusty winds, the fire would not have started.
However, now the Rules provide for the use of non-combustible or slow-burning materials when conducting certain types construction and installation and restoration works. A similar rule existed before, but now it is unambiguously regulated. The range of activities where it is necessary to use non-combustible materials has been increased for various facilities: production, storage, cultural and entertainment institutions, educational institutions, agricultural objects, etc.

EJ: How have the requirements for work that uses open fire (fire hazardous work) changed?

SV: First of all, the Rules stipulate that work related to the use of open fire is carried out with the exclusion of direct contact between fire and combustible materials. Before hot work, it is necessary to ventilate the premises where vapors of flammable and combustible liquids, as well as combustible gases can accumulate, and provide the place where hot work is carried out with primary fire extinguishing equipment. It is forbidden to use open flames, as well as electric heaters and gas-burners infrared radiation in premises for heating of working personnel. Regime requirements are set out in detail, in particular, in chapter XVI "Fire hazardous work" and in other chapters related to the production of work of increased fire hazard. These are not novelties, such regime requirements existed before, but now they have been specified taking into account the use of individual materials, the procedure for performing work. The old rules were adopted in 2003. A lot has changed since then.

"EZh": What should be taken into account when agreeing on a work permit for the performance of hot work? Are there any changes?

SV: The main innovation: the burden of responsibility for the performance of hot work now lies with the economic entity, coordination with the state fire supervision authorities is not required. There are many types of hot work. And for each fact of their implementation, it is unrealistic to send a fire supervision inspector to the facility - there will not be enough people. Yes, and track how they are performed hot work, is a non-inspector function.

All manufacturers of such works have the appropriate permits, undergo fire-fighting briefings or are trained in the fire-technical minimum. The economic entity has persons responsible for compliance with fire safety. And we cannot be reproached for trying to over-regulate everything and everything.

"EJ": Will any objects or activities be especially carefully checked in connection with the adoption of new rules?

S.V.: There is no such thing as “especially carefully”. We work according to approved plans. And if I come to an object, to any object, I have no prejudice. I do what I am supposed to do: I check the facility and the activities of all persons on it, according to the full list.

As they say, if an inspector comes to an object, he must check it from the basement to the roof, taking into account the specifics of the object, whether it be a production facility or a hospital. Our inspectors are generalists.

All economic entities are in an equal position. Only responsibility is distributed differently - depending on the nature of the violated requirement. Some of the requirements are directly related to the protection of human life and health, and some - to the protection of property interests.

"EZH": Are the requirements for fire extinguishing equipment and their equipment changing?

SV: There are no new requirements.

"EJ": Will the heads of organizations have to make changes to fire safety instructions or develop new ones?

SV: I am a supporter of the idea that it is better to create something new than to restore the old. Moreover, the inspector will demand according to the new Rules, and not according to those that were in force earlier.

EJ: How costly will the process of restructuring the organization's fire safety system according to the new Rules be?

S.V.: The rules are exclusively regime in nature, and they must be followed. Significant material and time costs are not required for this.

"EJ": What to do if, despite all the precautions, the fire still started?

SV: Immediately inform the fire brigade and take measures to organize the evacuation of people. If there is no trained volunteer fire brigade at the facility, you should not show senseless heroism, as a result of which people become disabled or die. The fire often spreads faster than people can run: they rushed with fire extinguishers into the burning workshop, and stayed there ... Do not allow people to go where there is no return. Remember the first rule: call the fire brigade.

1. With the exception of certain clauses that enter into force on September 1, 2012.

2. Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated June 18, 2003 No. 313 “On Approval of the Fire Safety Rules in the Russian Federation” (PPB 01-03).

3. Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ.

Rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation: what is the head of the organization responsible for

Responsibilities of the head of the organization	Base (rule clause)
Appoints
person responsible for fire safety, who ensures compliance with fire safety requirements at the facility	Item 4
Provides:
the presence of plates with a telephone number to call the fire brigade - in warehouse, industrial, administrative and public premises, places of open storage of substances and materials, as well as the placement of technological installations	Item 6**
plans for evacuation of people in case of fire - at a facility with a mass stay of people (except for residential buildings), as well as at a facility with jobs on the floor for ten or more people	Item 7**
instructions on the procedure for operating personnel in case of a fire - at an object with a night stay of people Telephone communication, electric lamps, personal protective equipment - at an object with night stay of people	Item 9**
transfer to the fire department of information on the number of people at the facility with round-the-clock stay	Item 10
availability of telephone communication and devices for alarming in case of fire - in buildings for summer children's recreation At least two emergency exits from the premises, floors of buildings for summer children's recreation, buildings of preschool institutions	Item 11
At a facility with a mass stay of people: instructions on the actions of personnel for the evacuation of people in case of fire practical training - at least once every six months	Item 12
on the doors of industrial and warehouse premises - their categories for explosion and fire hazard, as well as the class of the zone in accordance with chapters 5, 7 and 8 of the Federal Law "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements"	Item 20
good condition of fire safety signs, including those indicating escape routes and evacuation exits	Item 43
fulfillment at the facility of the requirements provided for in Art. 6 of the Federal Law "On the Restriction of Tobacco Smoking"	Item 14**
maintenance of outdoor fire escapes and fences on the roofs of buildings and structures in good condition	Item 24
collection of used cleaning materials in containers made of non-combustible material with a closing lid and disposal at the end of the work shift of the contents of these containers	Item 27
serviceability of networks of external and internal fire-fighting water supply Good condition of fire hydrants, their insulation and cleaning from snow and ice in winter, accessibility of fire equipment to fire hydrants at any time of the year	Item 55
completeness of fire hydrants of the internal fire water pipeline with fire hoses, manual fire nozzles and valves, organizes the rolling of fire hoses (at least once a year)	Item 57
good condition of the fire protection systems and means of the facility and organizes at least once a quarter a performance check of the specified systems and fire protection facilities of the facility with the issuance of an appropriate inspection report	Item 61
availability of fire extinguishers according to the standards in accordance with appendices 1 and 2 to the Rules	Item 70
proper maintenance (at any time of the year) of roads, driveways and entrances to buildings, structures and structures, open warehouses, outdoor fire escapes and fire hydrants	Item 75
timely cleaning of objects from combustible waste, garbage, containers, fallen leaves and dry grass	Item 77
when holding events with a mass stay of people (discotheques, celebrations, performances, etc.): a) inspection of the premises before the start of events in order to determine their readiness in terms of compliance with fire safety measures; b) duty of responsible persons on the stage and in the halls	Item 30
availability of passages to evacuation routes and evacuation exits when placing technological, exhibition and other equipment in the premises	Item 37
access for fire departments to enclosed spaces for the purpose of localizing and extinguishing a fire (in the event of a fire)	Item 35

* For other duties of the head of the organization, including those related to industry specifics, see the Fire Regulations.

** Item will apply from September 1, 2012.

Cancellation of fire safety rules PPB 01-03

Order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated May 31, 2012 N 306 “On recognizing as invalid the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated 18.06.2003 No. 313″

Recognize invalid the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated June 18, 2003 N 313 “On approval of the Fire Safety Rules in the Russian Federation (PPB 01-03)” (registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on June 27, 2003, registration N 4838).

Minister
V.A.PUCHKOV

The order comes into force after 10 days from the moment of its official publication.

Download:
1. Fire regulations in the Russian Federation - Please or to access this content
2. Rules of the fire regime on 3 sheets (as amended on February 17, 2014) - Please or to access this content
3. PPR-2014 changes - Please or to access this content
4. Letter of the DND EMERCOM of Russia No. 19-16-967 dated 04.10.12. Clarification on Fire Regulations - Please or to access this content
5. Instructions on PB-2014 measures - Please or to access this content
6. List of documents and fire prevention measures in accordance with the PPR of the Russian Federation - Please or to access this content