A flight of stairs connects. Terminology of stairs

The construction of flights of stairs is the type of work that has become in demand not only in the large-scale construction of high-rise buildings, but also in low-rise construction. It is in this direction that the construction of flights of stairs acquires species diversity, and various materials for construction are also used: reinforced concrete, metal, wood.

Flights of stairs in cottages are a whole trend in design. Stairs are an ornament and an example of the style of the house. The variety of configurations of flights of stairs in the construction of cottages is almost endless. Combining all the parameters of flights of stairs and areas allowed by GOST creates a lot of options for stairs. The main parameters of the flight of stairs: angle of inclination, height, width, number of steps.

Flights of stairs can be basement, attic, interfloor or basement. The configuration of flights of stairs is subdivided into: straight, turning and turning with a platform.

Straight march is one of the easiest options and is suitable for large, spacious homes, as it takes up a lot of space. The greater the angle of inclination, the more convenient and overall the staircase. With a slight angle of inclination, the staircase becomes "steep" and is more suitable for attic or attic spaces.

Turning marches with winder steps create an original design. For small houses, they are the best option - space savings are created. Running turns are added to the straight row of steps, and a flight of stairs can have several turns of 45 degrees or more.

Turning stairs with landings are stairs with a change of direction by 90 or 180 degrees. The platform connects flights of stairs. This is a complex configuration that can have one or two platforms in various versions.

Concrete, iron and wood are the main materials for stair structures. Metal, as a rule, is combined with wooden elements: railings, steps. Often installed wrought iron flights of stairs.

Wooden structures are the most popular in private homes. From wood, you can bring any bold idea to life. The variety of stairs shows that an ordinary staircase can take completely unexpected forms.

The staircase occupies an important place in the house, it is its decoration and is usually located in the center of the living room or opposite the front door. There are several types of these structures, but they all have common components that unite them. These common elements include march, tread, bowstring, riser and stringer.

What is a stair tread

The tread is the part of the step that you step on. It comes in certain sizes, which are calculated based on several ergonomic indicators. If you make it narrower, people will fall down the stairs. With too much tread, it is inconvenient to walk on it, you have to take a wide step. The most optimal size of this part is 25-40 cm. On a surface of this width, the leg of an adult man will freely fit.

What is a riser

The riser is the second part of the step, it is located vertically under it. These elements have not only constructive, but also decorative value. Often, in order to distinguish them from the general background, they are painted in a color several tones brighter than other details. Their height should not exceed 18 cm, otherwise, when walking, you will need to raise your leg too high. Smaller parts will also not add convenience to the design, it is easy to stumble on it. The tread and riser are important parts of the stairs, on which not only its appearance depends, but also its safety during operation. The most comfortable riser-tread ratio is 15-30 cm.

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What is a flight of stairs

All stair structures consist of marches of different lengths. If there are platforms, then there will be several of them, otherwise there is only one march. Then they consider the entire staircase from the entrance to it to the descent. This term refers to a certain sequence of steps along with a kosour or bowstring. In other words, a march is one flight of stairs. Most structures of this type are single-march or double-march. There are also multi-march climbs. They are installed in spacious houses with high ceilings. With the correct arrangement of such a structure, the length of its platform is equal to the size of one march. A person, descending or ascending such a ladder, will be able to rest between spans and take a breath.

What is a stair string

The bowstring is the bearing part of the stairs, it consists of two inclined long beams, in the grooves of which the steps are fixed. The advantage of these details is that they cover the steps from the side, making it more secure. These beams provide high strength to the entire system as a whole due to additional tightening of the bowstring beams between themselves. Small children and pets can safely play on the stairs without the risk of falling or dropping the toy. But not all stair structures have a bowstring, there are simpler, but no less interesting rises with stringers.

What is a stair stringer

Stringers are load-bearing beams, the upper edge of which repeats the shape of the steps. The treads are fixed precisely on these details. Such staircase designs look lighter and more elegant. They are installed even in small rooms, as they do not take up much space. A distinctive feature of these stairs is that the balusters holding the railing are mounted directly on the steps. Stringers are often made of several parts and fastened together with strong fasteners. This gives them additional reliability and allows you to implement various design solutions.

The shape of stairs with a bowstring or stringer is different. Screw products are widely popular, they save space and have an original and unusual appearance. Also in demand are straight and curvilinear (rotary) models, which are more monumental and gravitate towards the classical style. Which one to choose depends on your imagination and aesthetic taste.

MARCH OF STAIRS prefabricated or composite inclined structure connecting landings and consisting of steps and supporting elements, for example, stringers, bowstrings

(Bulgarian; Bulgarian) - stilbeno ramo

(Czech; Čeština) - schodišťove rameno

(German language; Deutsch) - Treppenlauf

(Hungarian; Magyar) - lepcsőkar

(Mongolian) - shatny march

(Polish language; Polska) - beeg schodow

(Romanian; Român) - rampă de scară

(Serbo-Croatian; Srpski jezik; Hrvatski jezik) - stepsenisni krak

(Spanish; Español) - tramo de escalera

(English language; English) - flight (of stairs); flight (of steps)

(French language; Français) - volée d "escalier

Construction dictionary.

See what "MARCH OF STAIRS" is in other dictionaries:

flight of stairs- A prefabricated or composite inclined structure connecting landings and consisting of steps and supporting elements, for example, stringers, bowstrings [Terminological dictionary for construction in 12 languages ​​(VNIIIS Gosstroy of the USSR)] Topics elements ...

March of stairs- - a prefabricated or composite inclined structure connecting landings and consisting of steps and supporting elements, for example, stringers, bowstrings. [Terminological dictionary for construction in 12 languages ​​(VNIIIS Gosstroy of the USSR)] Heading ... ...

Flight of stairs- - a continuous part of a vertical staircase - between the entry and exit area, if the stairs are without landings, or - between the entry or exit area and the nearest platform, or - between the rest areas following each other ... ... Encyclopedia of terms, definitions and explanations of building materials

Flight of stairs- (flight): a continuous sequence of steps between two sites... Source: GOST R ISO 14122 3 2009. Machine safety. Means of access to machines are stationary. Part 3. Stairs and railings (approved by Order of Rostekhregulirovanie dated ... ... Official terminology

- [walking] n., m., use. comp. often Morphology: (no) what? march, why? march, (see) what? march what? march, about what? about the march; pl. what? marches, (no) what? marches, why? marches, (see) what? marches, what? marches, about what? about marches 1. A march is ... ... Dictionary of Dmitriev

encyclopedic Dictionary

flight of stairs- flight of stairs - Topics oil and gas industry Synonyms flight of stairs EN flight ... Technical Translator's Handbook

1. MARCH, a; m. [French. marche] 1. only sg. A method of rhythmic, measured walking in the ranks. Solemn m. Troops. Ceremonial m. March in front of the podium. 2. The movement of troops in marching order from one area to another. Night m. ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

march- a, m. 1) A method of strictly measured walking in the ranks. Ceremonial march. Our mighty Army marches along Red Square with a solemn march (Lebedev Kumach). 2) marching movement of troops. Troops on the march. 3) A piece of music that differs strictly ... Popular dictionary of the Russian language

flight of stairs- 3.1.2 flight of stairs

The flight of stairs is inherently the central component of the design of the span. It is used for arranging the rise to the floor. In private homes, the issue of designing such a structure can be approached from different angles. It is important to distinguish between the main types of stairs and understand the principles of their construction from various materials.

The concept of "staircase"

So what is a flight of stairs? This design is a set of steps mounted on load-bearing elements located between the landings of the flight of stairs.

The flight of stairs in the house can consist of both simple ordinary steps and winders. They differ in their appearance, dimensions and installation principles. All this must be taken into account when drawing up a work plan and design development. In addition, depending on the materials used, different principles for connecting elements can be applied.

In order to better understand the essence of the issue, it is important not only to understand what a marching structure is, but also to distinguish between their types and specific characteristics. It is necessary to consider in more detail the possible configurations of such stairs and the options for the materials used.

Stairs on a concrete base lined with wood

March configuration

The main criteria for dividing such structures into separate types is their structure, appearance and the principle of connecting elements. The flight of stairs can be made in one of the following options:

• Single. The basic design, which consists of a sequential set of steps. Reference points are the landing of the first floor and the floor on the second floor.
• Complicated. Such a staircase essentially consists of two or more single marches. The beginning and end of the structure are determined by the grounds of the first and second floors. In between, additional platforms are installed. They allow you to turn, take some of the load on themselves and make it easier to climb a long staircase.

Without knowledge of special terms, it will be difficult to independently design a staircase in the StairDesigner program. Therefore, we have collected all the most commonly used "ladder" terms here.

step- the main element of the stairs, can have a different shape and bend. Steps are subjected to the greatest load during the operation of the stairs. There are several types of stairs.

Starting stage- The very first rung of the ladder.

winder steps- continuously arranged in a circle, allow you to smoothly climb the spiral staircase. They are trapezoidal or triangular in shape.

Steps have several parameters, for example:
step height- vertical distance of the upper planes of the steps.
Step width is the horizontal distance between the front edges of two adjacent steps.
step step- vertical distance between the upper planes of adjacent steps. It is advisable to make the step step smaller, thereby having to raise your legs lower when walking up the stairs.

place with steps there is often another element:
riser- this element closes the space under the step for protective and decorative purposes. The riser gives the structure greater rigidity; in modular stairs, a step is attached to it. Comfortable and safe height in the range of 15-18 cm between adjacent steps.

tread- the horizontal plane of the step, or in other words, this is the horizontal distance between the front planes of adjacent steps.

Intermediate platform- located between flights of stairs.

Flight of stairs- connects the platforms of the stairs, consists of beams and steps, has an inclined position.

Middle line of march- an imaginary middle line that runs through the middle of the march in straight stairs. As an option, an imaginary middle line at a distance of 40-50 cm from the axis of the rack for spiral stairs, or from the edge of the span - for curved stairs.

Angle of ascent of the flight of stairs- usually is 30-45 degrees. This allows the stairs to be comfortable and ensure safe movement.

Kosour- the bearing element of the stairs, in which steps are attached to the beams of the flight of stairs from above.
bowstring- an inclined element of the stairs, the bearing beam of the march, the steps to it are attached to the ends.
Both of these elements are calculated and manufactured for each staircase individually. As a rule, the blank for the base of the stairs must be glued together from separate bars along the entire length (in case it is wooden). More stringers can be all-metal and prefabricated.

Handrail post (baluster)- a vertical element of a round or carved stair railing. It is functionally designed to protect against a possible fall, but at the same time, as a rule, it does not structurally hold the railing on itself, but only complements them. In addition, it performs a decorative function.

Supporting baluster (pillar)- is installed at the beginning and at the end of the flight of stairs. This is the main element in the fence, it carries the entire load along with the handrail. It is necessary to securely fasten the support column to the base. The supporting baluster can be angular, starting, turning, finishing.

Balustrade- a low railing of stairs, consisting of balusters (shaped pillars), connected by railings and located along the perimeter of the staircase opening.

Guardrail height is the vertical distance from the stair rung to the railing handrail.

railing- a fence assembly, consisting of handrails and vertical balusters. The main function of the railing is to ensure the safety of movement on the stairs.

handrail- an element of the railing of stairs, on which we lean or adhere when ascending or descending from the stairs. Handrails are located either on racks or on walls (if the flight of stairs is limited on both sides by walls). The handrail is usually equal in width to the baluster located under it.

Bolz- a pin that connects the steps. For the first time, the ladder on the bolts was presented by the German company Kenngott.

Stair Module- the building unit of the ladder, providing a rise of one step. As a rule, the module is made of metal (rarely wood). The module may have the ability to adjust the tread and step step. The module can rotate relative to neighboring modules, which allows you to change the trajectory of the descent. Modular stairs are characterized by high installation speed.

The stairs themselves are classified depending on the shape and number of marches:

Multi-flight staircase- a finished staircase, consisting of more than two marches.
quarter turn staircase- stairs with a 90 degree turn. Installed along adjacent walls.
Half turn ladder- a type of staircase design, where the turn between flights of stairs is 180 degrees.
Stairs " goose step" or "Samba"- steps are symmetrically located along the course line.