Norms
fire safety "Training fire safety measures for employees of organizations"

I. General provisions

1. Norms fire safety"Training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations" (hereinafter referred to as the Fire Safety Standards) establishes fire safety requirements for the organization of training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations.

2. Responsibility for the organization and timeliness of training in the field of fire safety and testing the knowledge of fire safety rules for employees of organizations is borne by the administrations (owners) of these organizations, officials of organizations, entrepreneurs without education legal entity, as well as employees who have concluded an employment contract with the employer in the manner prescribed by law Russian Federation.

3. Control over the organization of training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations is carried out by the bodies of state fire supervision.

4. The main types of training of employees of organizations in fire safety measures are fire-fighting briefing and the study of a minimum of fire-technical knowledge (hereinafter referred to as the fire-technical minimum).

II. Fire safety briefing

5. Fire safety briefing is carried out with the aim of bringing to the employees of organizations the basic requirements of fire safety, studying fire hazard technological processes of production and equipment, means fire protection and their actions in the event of a fire.

6. Fire safety briefing is carried out by the administration (owner) of the organization according to special training programs for fire safety measures for employees of organizations (hereinafter referred to as special programs) and in the manner determined by the administration (owner) of the organization (hereinafter referred to as the head of the organization).

7. When conducting fire safety briefing, the specifics of the organization's activities should be taken into account.

8. Carrying out fire safety briefing includes familiarization of employees of organizations:

• rules for the maintenance of the territory, buildings (structures) and premises, including evacuation routes, external and internal water supply, fire warning systems and management of the evacuation process;
• fire safety requirements, based on the specifics of the fire hazard of technological processes, industries and facilities;
• measures to ensure fire safety in the operation of buildings (structures), equipment, fire hazardous work;
• rules for the use of open fire and hot work;
• duties and actions of employees in case of fire, call rules fire brigade, rules for the use of fire extinguishing equipment and fire automation installations.

9. According to the nature and time of conducting, fire safety briefing is divided into: introductory, primary at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled and targeted.

10. The conduct of introductory, primary, repeated, unscheduled, targeted fire safety briefings is recorded in the register of fire safety briefings with the obligatory signature of the instructed and instructing.

11. Introductory fire safety briefing is carried out:

• with all employees newly hired, regardless of their education, work experience in the profession (position);
• with seasonal workers;
• with students who arrived for industrial training or practice;
• with other categories of employees (citizens) by decision of the head.

12. Introductory fire safety briefing in the organization is carried out by the head of the organization or the person responsible for fire safety, appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization.

13. Introductory briefing is carried out in a specially equipped room using visual aids and teaching materials.

14. Introductory briefing is carried out according to a program developed taking into account the requirements of standards, rules, norms and instructions for fire safety. Program of the event introductory briefing approved by order (instruction) of the head of the organization. The duration of the briefing is set in accordance with the approved program.

15. Introductory fire safety briefing ends with a practical training of actions in the event of a fire and a test of knowledge of fire extinguishing equipment and fire protection systems.

16. Primary fire safety briefing is carried out directly at the workplace:

• with all newly hired;
• with those transferred from one division of this organization to another;
• with employees performing new work for them;
• with employees seconded to the organization;
• with seasonal workers;
• with construction specialists performing construction and installation and other works on the territory of the organization;
• with students who arrived for industrial training or practice.

17. The primary fire safety briefing with the specified categories of employees is carried out by the person responsible for ensuring fire safety in each structural unit, appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization.

18. Primary fire safety briefing is carried out according to a program developed taking into account the requirements of standards, rules, norms and instructions for fire safety. The introductory briefing program is approved by the head of the structural unit of the organization or the person responsible for fire safety of the structural unit.

19. Primary fire safety briefing is carried out with each employee individually, with a practical demonstration and development of skills in using primary fire extinguishing equipment, actions in the event of a fire, evacuation rules, and assistance to victims.

20. All employees of an organization that has a fire hazardous production, as well as those working in buildings (structures) with mass stay people (over 50 people) must practically show the ability to act in case of fire, use primary fire extinguishing equipment.

21. Primary fire safety briefing is possible with a group of persons serving the same type of equipment and within a common workplace.

22. Repeated fire safety briefing is carried out by the person responsible for fire safety, appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization with all employees, regardless of qualifications, education, length of service, nature of the work performed, at least once a year, and with employees of organizations that have a fire hazard production, at least once every six months.

23. Repeated fire safety briefing is carried out in accordance with the schedule of classes approved by the head of the organization.

24. Repeated fire safety briefing is carried out individually or with a group of employees serving the same type of equipment within the common workplace according to the program of primary fire safety briefing at the workplace.

25. During the repeated fire briefing, knowledge of standards, rules, norms and instructions on fire safety, the ability to use primary fire extinguishing equipment, knowledge of evacuation routes, fire warning systems and management of the evacuation process of people are checked

26. Unscheduled fire safety briefing is carried out:

• upon the introduction of new or changes in previously developed rules, norms, instructions on fire safety, other documents containing fire safety requirements;
• when it changes technological process production, replacement or modernization of equipment, tools, raw materials, materials, as well as changes in other factors affecting fire condition object;
• in case of violation by employees of the organization of fire safety requirements, which could lead or led to a fire;
• for additional study of fire safety measures at the request of the state fire supervision authorities when they reveal insufficient knowledge among the employees of the organization;
• during breaks in work for more than 30 calendar days, and for other works - 60 calendar days (for works that are subject to additional fire safety requirements);
• upon receipt of information materials about accidents, fires that occurred in similar industries;
• when establishing facts of unsatisfactory knowledge of fire safety requirements by employees of organizations.

27. Unscheduled fire safety briefing is carried out by the employee responsible for ensuring fire safety in the organization, or directly by the work manager (foreman, engineer) who has the necessary training individually or with a group of employees of the same profession. The volume and content of an unscheduled fire safety briefing are determined in each specific case, depending on the reasons and circumstances that necessitated its conduct.

28. Targeted fire safety briefing is carried out:

• when performing one-time work associated with increased fire hazard (welding and other hot work);
• in the aftermath of accidents, natural Disasters and disasters;
• in the production of work for which a work permit is issued, in the production of hot work in explosive industries;
• when conducting excursions in the organization;
• when organizing mass events with students;
• when preparing for the organization of events with a mass stay of people (board meetings, meetings, conferences, meetings, etc.), with more than 50 participants.

29. Targeted fire safety briefing is carried out by the person responsible for ensuring fire safety in the organization, or directly by the work manager (foreman, engineer) and in established rules fire safety cases - in the work permit.

30. Targeted fire safety briefing on fire safety ends with a test of the knowledge and skills acquired by the employee to use primary fire extinguishing equipment, actions in the event of a fire, knowledge of evacuation rules, assistance to victims, by the person who conducted the briefing.

III. Fire-technical minimum

31. Managers, specialists and employees of organizations responsible for fire safety are trained in the fire-technical minimum in the amount of knowledge of the requirements of regulatory legal acts regulating fire safety, in terms of the fire regime, fire hazard of the technological process and production of the organization, as well as methods and actions in case of the occurrence of a fire in an organization, allowing to develop practical skills to prevent a fire, save life, health of people and property in case of fire.

32. Training in the fire-technical minimum of managers, specialists and employees of organizations not related to fire and explosion hazardous production is carried out within a month after hiring and with a subsequent frequency of at least once every three years after the last training, and managers, specialists and employees of organizations associated with fire and explosion hazardous production, once a year.

33. Employees of organizations qualified as a fire safety engineer (technician), as well as employees of a federal body executive power authorized to solve problems in the field of fire safety and its structural divisions, teachers of educational institutions teaching the discipline "fire safety", having at least five years of continuous work experience in the field of fire safety, within a year after entering work (service) can do not undergo training in the fire-technical minimum.

34. Responsibilities for organizing training in the fire-technical minimum in the organization are assigned to its head.

35. Training in the fire-technical minimum is organized both on-the-job and on-the-job.

36. Training in the fire-technical minimum according to special programs developed and approved in the prescribed manner, with a break from work, pass:

• managers and chief specialists of the organization or persons performing their duties;
• employees responsible for the fire safety of organizations and conducting fire safety briefings;
• heads of primary organizations of voluntary fire protection;
• heads of out-of-town recreational institutions for children and teenagers;
• workers performing gas-electric welding and other hot work;
• drivers of fire trucks and minders of motor-pumps of children's health-improving institutions;
• other categories of employees (citizens) by decision of the head.

37. Off-the-job training is carried out in educational institutions fire-technical profile, training centers Federal Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, educational and methodological centers for civil defense and emergencies constituent entities of the Russian Federation, territorial subdivisions of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, in organizations that provide services in accordance with the established procedure for training the population in fire safety measures.

38. It is recommended that managers and specialists of organizations where there are explosive and fire hazardous production facilities be trained in specialized training centers where special training grounds are equipped that take into account the specifics of production.

39. According to the special programs of the fire-technical minimum developed and approved in the prescribed manner, the following are trained directly in the organization:

• heads of departments of the organization, heads and chief specialists of departments of fire and explosion hazardous industries;
• employees responsible for ensuring fire safety in the divisions;
• teaching staff preschool educational institutions;
• employees who carry out round-the-clock security of the organization;
• citizens participating in the activities of fire departments to prevent and (or) extinguish fires on a voluntary basis;
• workers involved in the performance of fire and explosion hazardous work.

40. Training in special programs of the fire-technical minimum directly in the organization is carried out by the head of the organization or by a person appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization, responsible for fire safety, who has the appropriate training.

IV. Checking knowledge of fire safety rules

41. Testing the knowledge of fire safety requirements of managers, specialists and employees of the organization is carried out upon completion of training in the fire-technical minimum with a break from work and is carried out by a qualification commission appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization, consisting of at least three people.

42. The qualification commission includes heads and full-time teaching staff of training organizations and, as agreed, specialists from federal executive authorities, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments, and state fire supervision authorities.

43. In order to test the knowledge of the fire safety requirements of employees who have been trained in the fire-technical minimum in the organization on the job, by order (instruction) of the head of the organization, a qualification commission is created consisting of at least three people who have been trained and tested the knowledge of fire safety requirements in the established okay.

44. The qualification commission for testing knowledge of fire safety requirements consists of a chairman, deputy (deputy) chairman and members of the commission, a secretary.

45. Employees undergoing knowledge testing should be familiar with the program and schedule of knowledge testing in advance.

46. ​​An extraordinary test of knowledge of the fire safety requirements of employees of the organization, regardless of the period of the previous test, is carried out:

• when approving new or amending regulatory legal acts containing fire safety requirements (in this case, knowledge of only these regulatory legal acts is checked);
• when commissioning new equipment and changing technological processes that require additional knowledge of the fire safety rules of employees (in this case, knowledge of the fire safety requirements associated with the relevant changes is checked);
• when appointing or transferring employees to another job, if new duties require additional knowledge of fire safety (before they begin to perform their official duties);
• on demand officials the state fire supervision body, other departmental control bodies, as well as the head (or a person authorized by him) of the organization when establishing violations of fire safety requirements and insufficient knowledge of fire safety requirements;
• after the fires that have occurred, as well as in the event of violations by employees of the organization of the requirements of regulatory legal acts on fire safety;
• when there is a break in work in this position for more than one year;
• in the implementation of supervision measures by the state fire supervision authorities.

47. The volume and procedure for an extraordinary test of knowledge of fire safety requirements are determined by the party initiating it.

48. List control questions to test the knowledge of employees of organizations that are under the jurisdiction of federal executive authorities, is developed by the relevant federal executive authorities, taking into account the specifics production activities and includes a mandatory practical part (actions in case of fire, application primary funds firefighting).

49. For other organizations, a list of control questions is developed by the heads (owners) of organizations or employees responsible for fire safety.

50. Control over the timely testing of knowledge of the fire safety requirements of employees is carried out by the head of the organization.

1.General provisions

The most important component of the fire safety (FS) system in educational organization is the training of employees in safety measures. Training is carried out according to the programs of fire-fighting briefing and fire-technical minimum in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation dated 12.12.2007 N 645 (as amended on 06.22.2010) "On approval of fire safety standards" Training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations ". Persons who have not passed training, are not allowed to work.

Depending on the type of program being implemented, the training of employees of organizations in safety measures is carried out directly at the place of work and in organizations that carry out educational activities. Training should take into account the specifics of the organization. Particular attention should be paid to the training of workers involved in fire-hazardous work and maintenance of the so-called low-mobility groups of the population (disabled people with musculoskeletal disorders, people with visual and hearing impairments, the elderly).

Responsibility for the organization and timeliness of training in the field of industrial safety and testing the knowledge of the industrial safety rules of employees of an educational organization lies with its head (director, rector, head). Control over the organization of training is carried out by the state fire supervision authorities.

2. Fire safety briefing

Fire safety briefing is carried out with the aim of bringing to the employees of organizations the basic requirements of safety, studying the fire hazard of technological processes of production and equipment, fire protection equipment, as well as their actions in the event of a fire.

Fire safety briefing is carried out by the administration of the organization according to special programs for training employees of organizations in fire safety measures (hereinafter referred to as special programs) and in the manner determined by the administration of the organization (hereinafter referred to as the head of the organization).

Conducting fire safety briefing includes familiarization of employees of organizations with:

Rules for the maintenance of the territory, buildings (structures) and premises, including evacuation routes, external and internal water supply, fire warning systems and management of the evacuation process;

Safety requirements, based on the specifics of the fire hazard of technological processes, industries and facilities;

Measures to ensure safety in the operation of buildings (structures), equipment, fire hazardous work;

Rules for the use of open fire and hot work;

The duties and actions of employees in case of fire, the rules for calling the fire brigade, the rules for the use of fire extinguishing equipment and fire automation installations.

According to the nature and time of conducting, fire safety briefing is divided into introductory, primary at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled and targeted.

An entry is made about the conduct of briefings in the log book for conducting briefings on safety with the obligatory signature of the instructed and the instructing person.

FIRE SAFETY INSTRUCTION LOG

	FULL NAME. instructed	Year of birth	Profession, position of the instructed	Type of briefing	Full name, position of the instructor
						instructed	instructing

Introductory fire drill

Introductory fire safety briefing is carried out:

With all employees newly hired, regardless of their education, work experience in the profession (position);

with seasonal workers;

With students who arrived for industrial training or practice;

Introductory fire safety briefing in the organization is carried out by the head of the organization or the person responsible for fire safety in the organization. The briefing is carried out in a specially equipped room with the use of visual aids and educational materials.

Introductory briefing is carried out according to a program developed taking into account the requirements of standards, rules, norms and instructions for industrial safety. The introductory briefing program is approved by order (instruction) of the head of the organization. The duration of the briefing is set in accordance with the approved program.

An approximate list of questions for introductory fire safety briefing includes:

1. General information on the specifics and features of the organization's activities under the conditions of fire and explosion hazard.
2. Duties and responsibilities of employees for compliance with fire safety requirements.
3. Familiarization with the fire regime in the organization.
4. Familiarization with orders for compliance with the fire regime; instructions for industrial safety in the organization as a whole and its structural unit where the instructed person will work; the main causes of fires that can be or have been in the organization, its structural divisions and in the workplace.
5. General measures for fire prevention and fire extinguishing:

a) for the heads of structural divisions (terms for checking and testing hydrants, charging fire extinguishers, automatic fire extinguishing and signaling equipment, familiarization with the program for the initial briefing of the personnel of this structural division, ensuring personal and collective security, etc.);

b) for ordinary workers (actions in case of fire or fire, reporting a fire in fire station, immediate supervisor, methods and means of extinguishing a fire or a fire, means and measures of personal and collective security).

The introductory fire briefing ends with a practical training of actions in the event of a fire and a test of knowledge of fire extinguishing equipment and fire protection systems.

Primary fire safety briefing at the workplace

Primary fire safety briefing is carried out directly at the workplace:

With all newly hired;

With those transferred from one division of this organization to another;

With workers doing new work for them;

With employees seconded to the organization;

with seasonal workers;

With construction specialists performing construction and installation and other work on the territory of the organization;

With students who arrived for industrial training or practice.

Conducting primary fire safety briefing with the specified categories of employees is carried out by the person responsible for ensuring the safety in each structural unit, appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization.

Primary fire safety briefing is carried out according to a program developed taking into account the requirements of standards, rules, norms and instructions for fire safety. The introductory briefing program is approved by the head of the structural unit of the organization or the person responsible for fire safety of the structural unit.

An approximate list of issues of primary fire safety briefing at the workplace includes:

1. Acquaintance according to the evacuation plan with the locations of primary fire extinguishing equipment, hydrants, water and sand supplies, evacuation routes and exits (bypassing the relevant premises and territories).
2. Conditions for the occurrence of combustion and fire (at the workplace, in the organization).
3. Fire hazardous properties of the used raw materials, materials and manufactured products.
4. Fire hazard of the technological process.
5. Responsibility for compliance with fire safety requirements.
6. Types of fire extinguishers and their use depending on the class of fire (type of combustible substance, equipment features).
7. Requirements for extinguishing electrical installations and industrial equipment.
8. Behavior and actions of the instructed in case of fire and in fire conditions, as well as in case of strong smoke on the evacuation routes.
9. Ways to report a fire.
10. Personal safety measures in the event of a fire.
11. Ways to provide first aid to victims.

Primary fire safety briefing is carried out with each employee individually, with a practical demonstration and development of skills in using primary fire extinguishing equipment, actions in the event of a fire, evacuation rules, and assistance to victims. All employees of an organization that has a fire hazardous production, as well as those working in buildings (structures) with a mass presence of people (over 50 people) must practically show the ability to act in case of fire, use primary fire extinguishing equipment.

Primary fire safety briefing is possible with a group of persons serving the same type of equipment, and within a common workplace.

Repeated fire drill

Repeated fire safety briefing is carried out by the responsible person for fire safety in the organization with all employees, regardless of qualifications, education, length of service, nature of the work performed, at least once a year in accordance with the schedule of classes approved by the head of the organization.

Repeated fire safety briefing is carried out individually or with a group of employees serving the same type of equipment within a common workplace according to the program of primary fire safety briefing at the workplace.

During the repeated fire briefing, knowledge of the standards, rules, norms and instructions for fire safety, the ability to use primary fire extinguishing equipment, knowledge of evacuation routes, fire warning systems and management of the evacuation process of people are checked.

Unscheduled fire drill

Unscheduled fire safety briefing is carried out:

When introducing new or changing previously developed rules, norms, instructions for industrial security, other documents containing industrial safety requirements;

When changing the technological process of production, replacing or upgrading equipment, tools, raw materials, materials, as well as changing other factors affecting the fire-prevention state of the facility;

In case of violation by the employees of the organization of the requirements of the industrial security, which could lead or led to a fire;

For additional study of PB measures at the request of the state fire supervision authorities when they reveal insufficient knowledge among the employees of the organization;

For breaks in work for more than 30 calendar days, and for other works - 60 calendar days (for works that are subject to additional PB requirements);

Upon receipt of information materials about accidents, fires that occurred in similar industries;

When establishing the facts of unsatisfactory knowledge of the requirements of the industrial safety by the employees of the organizations.

Unscheduled fire safety briefing is carried out by the employee responsible for ensuring the safety in the organization, or directly by the work manager with the necessary training, individually or with a group of employees of the same profession. The volume and content of an unscheduled fire safety briefing are determined in each specific case, depending on the reasons and circumstances that necessitated its conduct.

Targeted fire drill

Targeted fire safety briefing is carried out:

When performing one-time work associated with increased fire hazard (welding and other hot work);

When eliminating the consequences of accidents, natural disasters and catastrophes;

In the production of work for which a work permit is issued, in the production of hot work in explosive industries;

When conducting excursions in the organization;

When organizing public events with students;

When preparing for the organization of events with a mass stay of people (board meetings, meetings, conferences, meetings, etc.), with more than 50 participants.

Targeted fire safety briefing is carried out by the person responsible for ensuring the safety in the organization, or directly by the work manager. The briefing ends with a test of the knowledge and skills acquired by the employee to use primary fire extinguishing equipment, actions in the event of a fire, knowledge of evacuation rules, and assistance to victims.

3. Fire-technical minimum

Managers and employees of organizations responsible for fire safety are trained in the fire-technical minimum in the amount of knowledge of the requirements of regulatory legal acts regulating fire safety, in terms of the fire regime, fire hazard of technological processes, as well as techniques and actions in the event of a fire in an organization, allowing to develop practical skills in fire prevention, saving lives, health of people and property in case of fire. Training is carried out within a month after being hired, with a subsequent frequency of at least once every three years after the last training.

Responsibilities for organizing training in the fire-technical minimum in the organization are assigned to its head. Training is organized both on-the-job and on-the-job.

Training in the fire-technical minimum according to the special programs developed and approved in accordance with the established procedure with a break from work is carried out by:

Managers and chief specialists of the organization or persons performing their duties;

Employees responsible for the fire safety of organizations and conducting fire safety briefings;

Heads of primary organizations of voluntary fire protection;

Employees performing gas-electric welding and other hot work;

Directly in the organization (on the job) employees are trained:

Responsible for providing food safety in structural divisions;

Organizations providing round-the-clock security;

Participating in the activities of fire departments on a voluntary basis.

Training on special programs of the fire-technical minimum directly in the organization is carried out by the head of the organization or the person responsible for fire safety, who has the appropriate training.

4. Checking knowledge of the PB rules

Testing the knowledge of the requirements of the PB managers, specialists and employees of the organization is carried out upon completion of training in the fire-technical minimum with a break from production and is carried out by the qualification commission. It consists of heads and full-time teaching staff of training organizations and, as agreed, specialists from federal executive authorities, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments, and state fire supervision authorities.

To test the knowledge of the industrial safety requirements of employees who have been trained directly in the organization on the job, by order (instruction) of the head of the organization, a qualification commission is created consisting of at least three people who have been trained and tested knowledge of the industrial safety requirements in the prescribed manner. The commission consists of a chairman, deputy chairman, secretary and members of the commission.

Employees undergoing knowledge testing should be familiar with the program and schedule of knowledge testing in advance.

An extraordinary test of knowledge of the requirements of the industrial safety of employees of the organization, regardless of the period of the previous test, is carried out:

When approving new or amending regulations, containing the requirements of the IB (in this case, knowledge of only these regulatory legal acts is checked);

When new equipment is put into operation and technological processes are changed that require additional knowledge of the industrial safety rules of employees (in this case, the knowledge of the industrial safety requirements associated with the relevant changes is checked);

When appointing or transferring employees to another job, if new duties require additional knowledge of industrial safety (before they begin to perform their duties);

At the request of officials of the state fire supervision body, other departmental control bodies, as well as the head (or a person authorized by him) of the organization when establishing violations of the requirements of the PB and insufficient knowledge of the requirements of the PB;

After the fires that have occurred, as well as in the event of violations by employees of the organization of the requirements of the industrial safety;

If there is a break in work in this position for more than one year;

When implementing measures for supervision by state fire supervision authorities.

The scope and procedure for the extraordinary testing of knowledge of the IS requirements is determined by the party initiating it.

The list of control questions for testing the knowledge of employees of organizations under the jurisdiction of federal executive authorities is developed by the relevant federal executive authorities, taking into account the specifics of production activities and includes a mandatory practical part (action in case of fire, use of primary fire extinguishing equipment). For other organizations, a list of control questions is developed by the heads of organizations or employees responsible for fire safety.

Control over the timely testing of knowledge of the requirements of the industrial safety of employees is carried out by the head of the organization.

5.Special programs

Special training programs for the fire-technical minimum are developed for certain categories of trainees, taking into account the specifics professional activity, features of the performance of duties by position and the provisions of industry documents. In preparing such programs Special attention is given to the practical component of training: the ability to use primary fire extinguishing equipment, actions in the event of a fire, evacuation rules, assistance to victims.

EXAMPLE SPECIAL PROGRAMS OF TRAINING THE FIRE AND TECHNICAL MINIMUM FOR MANAGERS RESPONSIBLE FOR FIRE SAFETY AND CERTAIN CATEGORIES OF EMPLOYEES OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Fire-technical minimum

for managers and those responsible for fire safety

preschool institutions and secondary schools

	Topic names
	The main regulatory documents regulating fire safety requirements
	Organizational events to ensure fire safety of preschool institutions and secondary schools
	Children's education preschool age and students educational institutions the basics of fire safety behavior
	Fire safety measures in preschool institutions and general education schools
	Fire extinguishing means and rules for their use for extinguishing fires, actions in case of fire and calling the fire brigade
	Workshops

Topic 1. Main regulatory documents governing fire safety requirements

Federal Law No. 69-FZ of December 21, 1994 "On Fire Safety". Federal Law of July 22, 2008 N 123-FZ " Technical regulation on fire safety requirements". Rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 04.25.2012 N 390). Fire safety instructions. Rights, obligations, responsibility of the heads of the organization for compliance with fire safety rules.

Topic 2. Organizational measures to ensure fire safety of preschool institutions and secondary schools

A brief analysis of fires and tanning that occurred in schools and preschool institutions. Examples of the most characteristic fires. Creation of voluntary fire brigades, young fire brigades in schools, organization of their work. Approximate position on the team of young firefighters. The tasks of persons responsible for fire safety arising from the requirements of the Federal Law of December 21, 1994 N 69-FZ "On Fire Safety" and the Fire Safety Rules in the Russian Federation (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 N 390).

Topic 3. Teaching preschool children and students of educational institutions the basics of fire safety behavior

Guidelines for teaching preschool children the basics of fire safety behavior. Conducting lessons in secondary schools within the framework of the discipline "Fundamentals of Life Safety". Didactic material for teaching fire safety measures and rules. Organization of a class, fire safety corner. Practical exercises on the behavior of students in the event of a fire.

Topic 4. Fire safety measures in preschool institutions and secondary schools

A brief analysis of the main causes of fires and fires. Fire safety measures during: operation electrical networks, electrical equipment and electric heaters. Short circuit, overload, contact resistance, sparking, their essence, causes and methods of prevention; storage and handling of flammable liquids. The main factors that determine the fire hazard of flammable and combustible liquids are flash point, self-ignition and ignition. Explosion concept. Requirements for the places of storage of flammable liquids and combustible liquids. Fire-fighting mode when receiving, issuing and using flammable liquids. Storage and fire safety measures when using chemical reagents and alkali metals. Fire regime in buildings, territories, forests. The maintenance of evacuation routes, the procedure for installing metal bars and blinds on the windows; arrangement of desks, tables, chairs in classrooms, beds in bedrooms. Maintenance of entrances, exits, halls, corridors, stairwells. upkeep of attics, basements, training and production workshops, chemistry and physics classrooms. Development of evacuation plans. briefing service personnel. The procedure for placing children in high-rise and multi-storey buildings, when they are called to summer cottages during the health season; requirements for summer residences. Maintenance and operation of local heating appliances, kitchen hearths and water heaters.

Appointment of duty and watchmen in children's institutions, boarding schools. Responsibilities of duty officers and watchmen to observe fire safety and in case of fire. Their instruction. Fire safety requirements for the device Christmas trees, organizing film screenings, evenings and performances. Requirements for premises with mass stay of people. Responsibility for holding mass events, the appointment and duties of those on duty, the rules for installing and securing Christmas trees.

Topic 5

Appointment of hand fire extinguishers. The concept of the device and the principle of operation of carbon dioxide, powder and aerosol fire extinguishers. Rules for their operation and use for extinguishing fires.

Appointment of auxiliary means for extinguishing a fire (sand, various blankets, buckets of water and barrels, fire equipment), internal fire hydrants. Rules for their use.

Norms for providing preschool institutions and schools with fire extinguishing equipment.

Actions of service personnel, students of senior classes of schools, boarding schools in the event of a fire. Organization and procedure for the evacuation of children and property from premises in case of fire.

Topic 6. Practical exercises

Evacuation training in various scenarios of fire development. Checking the actions of students of educational institutions in the event of a fire. Work with a fire extinguisher.

Fire-technical minimum for educators

preschool institutions

Thematic plan and model curriculum

	Topic names
	The main regulatory documents regulating fire safety requirements for preschool institutions
	Fire safety requirements for territories
	Fire-fighting equipment and inventory. Primary fire fighting equipment
	Actions of employees of preschool institutions in case of fire
	Teaching preschool children fire safety behavior
	Practical lesson

Topic 1. Main regulatory documents regulating fire safety requirements for preschool institutions

Federal Law No. 69-FZ of December 21, 1994 "On Fire Safety". Federal Law No. 123-FZ of July 22, 2008 "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements". Rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 N 390). Fire safety instructions.

Topic 2. Fire safety requirements for buildings and premises

space-planning and Constructive decisions buildings. Fire mode. Escape routes and emergency exits. Evacuation plans. Fire safety requirements for cultural events.

Topic 3. Fire safety requirements for territories

Topic 4. Fire fighting equipment and inventory. Primary fire fighting equipment

Types of fire equipment and inventory, purpose, device. Classification of fire extinguishers. Purpose, device, technical characteristics, operating rules and location.

Topic 5. Actions of employees of preschool institutions in case of fire

Procedure for reporting a fire and calling the fire brigade. Actions of service personnel for the evacuation of children, material assets, extinguishing a fire with available fire extinguishing equipment and performing other work.

Topic 6. Teaching preschool children fire safety behavior

Guidelines for teaching preschool children the basics of fire safety behavior. Didactic material for teaching fire safety measures and rules. Organization of a fire safety corner.

Topic 7. Practical session

Practical lesson on the evacuation of children. Work with fire extinguishers.

Checking the knowledge of the fire-technical minimum.

Fire-technical minimum for workers,

carrying out fire hazardous work

Thematic plan and model curriculum

	Topic names
	Types and procedure for carrying out fire hazardous work. Causes of fires, measures to prevent them
	fire safety requirements
	General information about the fire protection of organizations
	Actions in case of fire
	Practical lesson

Federal Law No. 69-FZ of December 21, 1994 "On Fire Safety". Federal Law No. 123-FZ of July 22, 2008 "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements". Rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 N 390). Standard instructions for the organization of safe work in explosive and explosive objects. Object instructions, orders, orders of the head of the enterprise in the conduct of fire hazardous work.

Topic 2. Types and procedure for carrying out fire hazardous work. Causes of fires, measures to prevent them

Fire danger of the enterprise. Causes of fires at work and at home. Overall rating fire hazard of conducting fire hazardous work. Types of fire hazardous work. Fire, painting, gas-electric welding and soldering works, metal cutting, work with adhesives, mastics, bitumen, polymers and other combustible materials.

Topic 3. Fire safety requirements

Basic requirements of the Rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 04.25.2012 N 390).

Fire safety requirements in the production of painting works. Fire hazard of paints and varnishes. Requirements for technological processes of painting works. Requirements for the premises of painting shops and sites. Requirements for the places of storage of paints and varnishes and during their transportation. Requirements for workers in the conduct of painting work.

Fire safety requirements when working with adhesives, mastics, bitumen, polymers and other combustible materials. The main requirements of the Rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 04.25.2012 N 390) for premises in which work is carried out using combustible substances. Fire safety requirements in production roofing works using gas burners, boilers for kindling bitumen. Requirements for boilers and their locations. Requirements for bitumen and mastic.

Fire safety requirements for hot work. Types of hot work, their fire hazard. Fire safety requirements for places and premises of hot work. Carrying out hot work at installations under pressure, on containers from under flammable liquids and combustible liquids without their preliminary preparation. The order of registration of conducting hot work. Coordination with supervisory authorities. Organization of permanent and temporary hot work posts, basic requirements. The procedure for admission of persons to the conduct of hot work.

Fire safety requirements in the production of cutting work. Equipment used in the performance of petrol-kerosene cutting operations. Basic requirements for them The procedure for checking and allowing equipment to work. Basic fire safety requirements in the production of petrol-kerosene cutting works. Organization of the workplace during petrol-kerosene cutting works.

Fire safety requirements in the production of soldering. Blowtorches. Basic requirements for blowtorches. The procedure for checking, testing and admission to the operation of blowtorches. Organization of workplaces during soldering works. The procedure for issuing permits, work permits for conducting soldering work.

Fire safety requirements when performing work using air heating installations and installations infrared radiation. Air heating installations and installations of infrared radiation. Basic requirements for equipment, maintenance. Fire regime in rooms where the use of air heating installations and infrared radiation installations is allowed. Requirements for installations operating on gas fuel during their installation and operation.

Topic 4. General information about the fire protection of organizations

Types and scope of fire-fighting equipment and inventory. Purpose and their device. Primary fire extinguishers. Appointment, technical specifications, order of work and their location. Internal plumbing. General information about automatic installations fire alarm and fire fighting.

Topic 5. Actions in case of fire

The general nature and features of the development of a fire. Fire reporting procedures. Extinguishing the fire before the arrival of fire departments. Taking measures to prevent the spread of fire. Actions after the arrival of fire departments.

Topic 6. Practical session

Practical acquaintance and work with a fire extinguisher on a model fire. Fire hydrant training. Practical acquaintance with fire protection systems of organizations.

Checking the knowledge of the fire-technical minimum.

Fire-technical minimum for gas-electric welders

Thematic plan and model curriculum

	Topic names
	The main regulatory documents regulating fire safety requirements during fire hazardous work
	Types and procedure for carrying out fire hazardous work. Fire hazard of substances and materials
	Causes of fires, prevention measures
	Features of fire hazard in the conduct of hot work in fire-explosive objects and installations
	Gas and electric welding works
	Permanent and temporary positions. The procedure for issuing a work permit permit
	Fire-fighting equipment and inventory, procedure for use in case of fire
	Actions in case of fire
	Practical lesson

Topic 1. Main regulatory documents regulating fire safety requirements during fire hazardous work

Federal Law No. 69-FZ of December 21, 1994 "On Fire Safety". Federal Law No. 123-FZ of July 22, 2008 "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements". Rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 N 390). Standard instructions for organizing the safe conduct of hot work at explosive and fire-explosive objects. Object instructions, orders, orders of the head of the enterprise in the conduct of hot work.

Topic 2. Types and procedure for carrying out fire hazardous work. Fire hazard of substances and materials

Gas electric welding and soldering, metal cutting, work with adhesives, mastics, bitumen, polymers and other combustible materials. The order in which they are carried out. Fire hazard of works and features of fire hazard of these works.

Topic 3. Causes of fires, prevention measures

The main causes of fires in the production and conduct of gas-electric welding works: violation of the rules for conducting work, malfunction of gas-electric welding equipment, lack of control over the places of work upon their completion. Measures to prevent fires in the process of preparation, conduct, control over the places of hot work, as well as after their completion.

Topic 4

Carrying out hot work at installations under pressure, when working on containers from under flammable liquids and combustible liquids without their preliminary preparation. The procedure for conducting hot work in explosive and explosive subdivisions of the organization.

Topic 5. Gas welding and electric welding

Fire hazard of gases used in the performance of work. Features of handling cylinders for compressed and liquefied gases. Properties of calcium carbide during its transportation, rules for storage and use. Acetylene generators, basic requirements for devices. Locations of acetylene apparatuses and gas cylinders, their protection from open flames and other heat sources. The procedure for testing and checking gas supply hoses. Electric welding machines, basic requirements for machines. Maintenance, scheduled preventive maintenance. Connection welding machines, connecting cables. Electrodes used in welding, requirements for "holders".

Topic 6. Permanent and temporary posts. The procedure for issuing a work permit permit

Organization of permanent and temporary hot work posts, basic requirements. The procedure for issuing permits, work permits for conducting hot work. Coordination with supervisory authorities. The procedure for admission to work of gas and electric welders. Responsibilities of gas-electric welders in ensuring fire safety measures in the process of preparing, conducting and completing work.

Topic 7

Types and scope of fire-fighting equipment and inventory. Purpose and device. Primary fire extinguishers. Purpose, technical characteristics, operation procedure and their location. Sources of water supply. Internal fire hydrants.

Topic 8. Actions in case of fire

Fire reporting procedures. Fire extinguishing techniques before the arrival of fire departments. Taking measures to prevent the spread of fire. Ways and order of evacuation, evacuation plan. Actions of workers and employees after the arrival of fire departments (assistance in laying hose lines, participation in the evacuation of material assets and performing other work by order of the fire extinguishing manager).

Topic 9. Practical session

Practical acquaintance and work with a fire extinguisher on a model fire. Working out actions in case of detection of smoke, fire, fire. Practical lesson on evacuation from the enterprise.

Checking the knowledge of the fire-technical minimum.

Fire-technical minimum for employees,

organizations providing round-the-clock security,

and heads of departments of organizations

Thematic plan and model curriculum

	Topic names
	Fire safety requirements for buildings and premises
	Technical means of fire extinguishing, fire-fighting equipment
	Actions in case of fire
	Practical lesson

Topic 1. Fire safety requirements for buildings and premises

Federal Law No. 69-FZ of December 21, 1994 "On Fire Safety". Federal Law No. 123-FZ of July 22, 2008 "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements". Rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 25, 2012 N 390). Fire safety instructions. Space-planning and constructive solutions for buildings. Fire mode. Escape routes and emergency exits. Evacuation plan.

Topic 2. Technical means of fire extinguishing, fire fighting equipment

Primary fire extinguishers. Classification of fire extinguishers. Application area. Appointments, rules of application, location in the enterprise. Purpose and arrangement of internal fire water supply, fire hydrants, their location at the enterprise. Automatic fire alarm installations (hereinafter - AUPS) and automatic settings fire extinguishing (hereinafter - AUPT). The layout of the enterprise. Actions when AUPS and AUPT are triggered. Types of fire equipment and inventory, purpose, device, location.

Topic 3. Actions in case of fire

The general nature and features of the development of a fire. Fire reporting procedures. Actions before the arrival of fire departments. Taking measures to prevent the spread of fire. Meeting firefighting formations. Actions after the arrival of fire departments. Fire safety in the residential sector.

Topic 4. Practical session

Practical acquaintance and work with a fire extinguisher on a model fire. Fire hydrant training.

Checking the knowledge of the fire-technical minimum.

Zhilin O.I.

lecturer at the Moscow Institute of Energy Security and Energy Saving,
candidate of technical sciences

Energy security in documents and facts No. 4

Organization of personnel training in fire safety measures

The content of the article is based on the requirements of laws, by-laws and regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and the city of Moscow in the field of fire safety. The author has proposed a series practical advice on registration of documentation necessary for training employees in fire safety measures. The material is intended for managers and officials of enterprises, institutions and organizations.

An analysis of the causes of fires shows that most of them occur through the fault of people as a result of careless handling of fire, violation of the rules for operating equipment, improper organization and conduct of fire hazardous work (Fig. 1). At the same time, Russia leads in terms of the number of victims of fires. So if in Russia in 2001 the number of deaths per 1 million people was 127 people, then in Japan - 17, in the USA - 15, in Great Britain - 10 people.

The given statistical data testify to the insufficient training of the population, including the personnel of enterprises and organizations, in the prevention of fires, the procedure for action in case of their occurrence, and ensuring the timely evacuation of people.

Training of employees in fire safety measures in the Russian Federation is regulated federal law RF "On fire safety" (Art. 25; 37); Fire Safety Rules in the Russian Federation (PPB 01-03) (Art. 7; 15), and in Moscow also by the Law of the City of Moscow "On Fire Safety" (Art. 14; 22); Fire safety rules for the city of Moscow (Art. 1.1.6; 1.2.3; 3.1.3b). The procedure for training fire safety measures in the city of Moscow is established in the following documents:

Regulations on fire safety training at enterprises, institutions and organizations of the city of Moscow (Appendix No. 1 to the Fire Safety Rules for the city of Moscow);

Guidelines on the procedure for training fire safety measures at enterprises, organizations, institutions and their branches in Moscow (Appendix No. 1 to the order of the First Deputy Prime Minister of the Government of Moscow dated May 14, 1997 No. 508-RZP "On the procedure for training in the field of fire safety" )*.

The organization of timely and high-quality conduct of special training, briefings and tests of knowledge of fire safety issues by trainees at the enterprise is assigned to the head of the enterprise, and in structural divisions (workshop, section, laboratory, workshop, etc.) - to the heads of the relevant divisions or persons appointed order of the head of the enterprise.

Admission to work of persons who have not been trained in fire safety measures or who have not passed the test (exam) is prohibited.

Employees of enterprises, depending on their position and type of activity, must undergo the following types of training:

fire safety briefings;

fire-technical minimum.

Procedure and deadlines fire safety briefings and classes on the fire-technical minimum must be established by an administrative document (for organizations and enterprises located in the city of Moscow - by order). The recommended form of the order is presented in Appendix No. 1.

Fire fighting briefings

The fire safety rules for the city of Moscow establish the following procedure for conducting fire safety briefings.

According to the nature and time of conducting, fire-fighting briefings are divided into introductory, primary at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled and targeted, which are carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.0.004.

Briefings are conducted according to the fire safety rules adopted at the enterprise, set out in the instructions and other normative documents on fire safety issues, in a room specially equipped for this purpose.

The program for conducting an introductory fire safety briefing is approved by the head (deputy, chief engineer) of the enterprise.

An approximate list of the main issues of introductory fire safety briefing:

SSBT standards, fire safety rules and instructions. Orders, rules, instructions, regulations on fire safety in force at the facility, General requirements for compliance with the fire regime. Requirements of the general facility instruction on fire safety measures. Responsibility for violations of fire safety rules;

main causes of fires and explosions. Availability of explosive and fire hazardous industries (sites, works) and their general characteristics;

general measures to ensure fire safety. The order of burning, the use of open fire, the conduct of hot and other fire-hazardous work;

organization of activities and functions of voluntary (departmental) fire protection. The procedure (system) for alerting people about a fire that exists at the enterprise. Actions of service personnel in the event of a fire (procedure for calling the fire brigade, evacuation of people, material assets, etc.);

fire extinguishing agents. Primary means of extinguishing fires and rules for their use.

If there is a departmental or voluntary fire department at the enterprise, introductory fire-fighting briefing is carried out in specially equipped classes of these units by a specially assigned employee (head of the DPD).

Options for a general facility instruction on fire safety measures and an introductory fire safety briefing program are presented in Appendices No. 2 and 3, respectively.

The person who conducted the briefing makes an entry in the introductory briefing registration log (Appendix No. 4) about the introductory fire drill.

Primary fire safety briefing at the workplace is carried out before the start of production activities. The briefing is carried out with all employees responsible for fire safety of the enterprise divisions.

The program for conducting the briefing is approved by the head of the relevant structural unit (head of a workshop, department, etc.) or the head of the enterprise (his deputy).

The program is coordinated with the department (bureau, engineer) of fire safety (head of the DPD) and the trade union committee of the enterprise unit.

An approximate list of the main issues of primary fire safety briefing at the workplace:

a brief description of the fire hazard of units, equipment, substances and materials used in production. Possible causes of fire and measures to prevent them;

fire safety rules (instructions) established for employees of this premises, section or structure. Requirements for the maintenance of escape routes. Types and functions of existing fire protection systems (fire alarm and automatic fire extinguishing);

duties in the event of a fire. Means of communication and the location of the nearest telephone. The procedure for calling the fire brigade, alerting people, evacuating. Methods of using fire extinguishing and signaling equipment available at the site, their location.

A variant of the program for conducting primary fire safety briefing is presented in Appendix No. 5.

Briefing is carried out with each employee or student individually with a practical demonstration of safe techniques and methods of work. Primary briefing is possible with a group of persons serving the same type of equipment and within a common workplace.

In accordance with PPB 01-03 (Article 16) in buildings and structures (except residential buildings) when more than 10 people are on the floor at the same time, plans (schemes) for evacuating people in case of fire should be developed and posted in prominent places, and a system (installation) for warning people about a fire is provided. A variant of the evacuation plan is presented in Appendix No. 5. At facilities with a mass presence of people (50 or more people), in addition to the schematic plan for evacuating people in case of fire, an instruction should be developed that determines the actions of personnel to ensure safe and quick evacuation of people, according to which at least once every six months, practical training should be held for all workers involved in the evacuation.

All workers, including graduates of vocational schools, training and production (course) factories, after the initial fire safety briefing at the workplace, must undergo an internship under the guidance of persons appointed by order (order, decision) for the workshop (section, cooperative, etc.).

Employees who have at least 3 years of work experience in their specialty, moving from one workshop to another, may be exempted from internship at the workplace, if the nature of their work and the type of equipment on which they worked before do not change.

Workers are allowed to independent work after an internship, checking theoretical knowledge and acquired skills safe ways work.

All workers, regardless of qualifications, education, length of service, nature of the work performed, undergo a repeated fire-fighting briefing at least once every six months.

Enterprises, organizations in agreement with trade union committees and relevant local authorities state supervision for some categories of workers, a longer (up to 1 year) period for repeated fire safety briefing may be established.

Briefing is carried out individually or with a group of workers serving the same type of equipment and within the general workplace according to the program of primary fire safety briefing at the workplace in full.

Unscheduled fire safety briefing is carried out by:

upon the introduction of new or revised standards, rules, instructions on fire safety, as well as changes to them;

when changing the technological process, replacing or upgrading equipment, fixtures and tools, raw materials, materials and other factors affecting fire safety;

in case of violation by employees and students of fire safety requirements, which can lead or have led to injury, accident, explosion or fire;

at the request of supervisory authorities;

during breaks in work - for work for which additional (increased) labor safety requirements are imposed for more than 30 calendar days, and for other work - 60 days.

Unscheduled fire safety briefing is carried out individually or with a group of workers of the same profession. The scope and content of the briefing is determined in each specific case, depending on the reasons and circumstances that necessitated its implementation.

Targeted fire safety briefing is carried out when performing one-time work that is not related to direct duties in the specialty; elimination of consequences of accidents, natural disasters and catastrophes; the production of works for which a work permit, permit and other documents are issued; conducting excursions at the enterprise, organizing mass events with students.

Primary fire safety briefing at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled and targeted, is carried out by the immediate supervisor of the work (responsible for fire safety of the enterprise division, head of the DPD).

Fire safety briefings at the workplace are completed with a test of knowledge by oral questioning or with the help of technical means training, as well as testing the acquired skills of safe ways of working and actions in case of fire, the use of primary fire extinguishing equipment. Knowledge is checked by the employee who conducted the briefing.

Persons who have shown unsatisfactory knowledge to independent work or practical training are not allowed and are required to re-instruct.

The person who conducted the briefing makes an entry in the register of the briefing at the workplace (the form is presented in Appendix No. 10) and (or) in a personal card (according to GOST 12.0.004) with the obligatory signature of the person being instructed and the person instructing. When registering an unscheduled briefing, indicate the reason for its conduct.

Targeted briefing with workers who carry out work on a work permit, permit, etc., is recorded in the work permit or other documentation authorizing the production of work.

The order of training in the system of fire-technical minimum

The head of the enterprise, chief specialists, persons appointed responsible for fire safety, as well as those performing work with an increased fire hazard, must undergo training in the fire-technical minimum system before starting the independent work (taking office).

The following training procedure is established in the system of the fire-technical minimum: managers and chief specialists (technologists, mechanics, power engineers, etc.) of enterprises undergo training off-the-job in specialized training centers (hereinafter referred to as the training center) that have a license from the State Fire Service (hereinafter referred to as the State Fire Service) for the right to train fire safety measures.

The listed persons undergo training once every three years.

Directly at the enterprises, heads of departments, persons responsible for ensuring fire safety in the divisions of the enterprise, engineering and technical workers of explosion and fire hazardous areas (workshops), persons performing work associated with increased fire danger are trained.

Training is carried out once a year in the system of the fire-technical minimum by a person (service) appointed (appointed) by order of the head of the enterprise, or in a training center with a break from production.

Training in the system of the fire-technical minimum is carried out according to the programs and within the terms agreed with the territorial management body of the State Fire Service in accordance with the Methodological Recommendations.

As a result of training, managers and chief specialists of enterprises and persons responsible for fire safety of enterprise divisions should know:

main legislative and other regulatory technical documents on fire safety;

the main tasks solved by fire prevention at the enterprise;

basic rights and obligations of the enterprise as one of the elements of the fire safety system;

organizational basis for ensuring fire safety at the enterprise: analysis of the fire safety of the enterprise, development of orders, instructions and regulations establishing the proper fire mode at the facility, training employees in fire safety measures adopted at the enterprise;

measures aimed at preventing fire at the enterprise;

the procedure for ensuring fire protection of the enterprise;

the procedure for investigating, registering and recording cases of fires, victims and deaths in fires, determining material damage from fires at the enterprise;

the procedure for organizing voluntary firefighting units at the enterprise, providing for activities; rights, obligations and benefits provided to volunteer firefighters.

At the end of the course of the fire-technical minimum, students pass tests (exams) in the amount of the studied program of the commission of the training plant, or created at the enterprise by order (instruction) of the head, consisting of at least three people.

The composition of the commission created at the enterprise must necessarily include representatives of training centers and employees of the State Fire Service.

Control questions for conducting tests (exams) are developed by educational complexes or enterprises, taking into account the specifics of production and in accordance with the functions performed by the trainees.

When conducting tests (examinations) using computer training tools, the verification programs should provide the possibility of using them in the training mode and preliminary familiarization with control questions.

The results of tests (examinations) are recorded in the journal of industrial training and are drawn up in the form of a protocol of the commission meeting, which is signed by the members of the commission and a representative of the State Fire Service.

A version of the protocol is presented in Appendix No. 7.

Persons who have been trained and passed the test (exam) at the rate of the fire-technical minimum are given a certificate signed by the chairman of the commission, certified by the seal of the enterprise that issued the certificate, and the date of subsequent recertification is indicated. The form of the protocol is presented in Appendix No. 8.

Persons who did not pass the test (exam) due to poor preparation are required to undergo a re-test within a month. Unsatisfactory results of the re-inspection are grounds for prohibiting employees from fulfilling their functional duties(performance of work) and termination employment contract(contract) with the employer.

Appendix

to the Regulations on the organization of training

POSITION

on fire safety training in organizations

1. General Provisions

1.1. The regulation on fire safety training in organizations on the territory of the municipality (hereinafter referred to as the Regulation) establishes the types and procedure for training employees of organizations (hereinafter referred to as the organization) in fire safety measures.

1.2. The head of the organization, persons appointed responsible for fire safety, as well as those performing work with increased fire hazard, must undergo training in the fire-technical minimum system in accordance with Section 2 of these Regulations before the start of independent work (taking office).

1.3. The head of the organization is obliged to organize continuous training in fire safety measures for employees of the organization when hiring and at the workplace (fire safety briefings) in accordance with Section 3 of the Regulations.

1.4. The organization of timely and high-quality training, briefings and testing of the knowledge of employees on fire safety issues in the organization is assigned to the head of the organization, and in structural divisions (workshop, section, laboratory, workshop, etc.) - to the heads of the relevant divisions or persons appointed order of the head of the organization.

1.5. The procedure for employees to undergo training and fire safety briefings is determined by the head of the organization (order or relevant regulation).

1.6. Admission to work of persons who have not been trained in fire safety measures or who have not passed the test (exam) is prohibited.

2. The order of training in the system of fire-technical minimum

2.1. The fire-technical minimum is carried out in order to bring to the attention of the heads of the organization, persons responsible for the fire safety of the divisions of the organization, as well as those engaged in the performance of work of increased fire danger (electricians, welders, warehouse workers, construction and other professions, who are subject to additional requirements for labor safety), and checking their knowledge of the main provisions of the current regulatory technical documents in the field of fire safety.

2.2. The following training procedure is established in the fire-technical minimum system:

2.2.1. Managers and specialists (technologists, mechanics, power engineers, etc.) of organizations are trained off-the-job in specialized organizations.

The listed persons undergo training once every 3 years.

2.2.2. Heads of departments, persons responsible for ensuring fire safety in departments of the organization, engineering and technical workers of explosion and fire hazardous areas (workshops), persons performing work associated with increased fire hazard are trained directly in organizations.

Training is conducted once a year in the system of the fire-technical minimum by a person (service) appointed (appointed) by order of the head of the organization, or in a specialized organization with a break from work.

2.3. Training in the fire-technical minimum system is carried out according to special programs approved by the relevant heads of federal executive bodies and agreed in the manner established federal body executive power authorized to solve problems in the field of fire safety.

As a result of the training, the heads of organizations and persons responsible for the fire safety of departments of organizations should know:

the procedure (system) existing in the organization for alerting people about a fire, the actions of maintenance personnel in the event of a fire (the procedure for calling the fire brigade, evacuating people, material assets, etc.);

fire extinguishing agents, primary means of extinguishing fires and rules for their use.

If the organization has departmental or voluntary fire protection, introductory fire safety briefing is carried out in specially equipped classes of these units by a specially assigned employee (head of departmental or voluntary fire protection).

3.4. Primary fire safety briefing at the workplace is carried out before the start of production activities. The briefing is carried out with all employees responsible for fire safety of the departments of the organization.

The program for conducting the briefing is approved by the head of the relevant structural unit (head of the workshop, department, etc.) or the head of the organization (his deputy).

The program is coordinated with the department (bureau, engineer) of fire safety (head of departmental or voluntary fire protection) and the trade union committee of the organization.

An approximate list of the main issues of primary fire safety briefing at the workplace:

a brief description of the fire hazard of units, equipment, substances and materials available at work; possible reasons fire outbreaks and measures to prevent them;

fire safety rules (instructions) established for employees of this premises, section or structure; requirements for the maintenance of escape routes; types and functions of existing fire protection systems (fire alarm and automatic fire extinguishing);

actions of employees in the event of a fire; means of communication and the location of the nearest telephone; the procedure for calling the fire brigade, alerting people, evacuating; methods of using fire extinguishing and signaling equipment available at the site, their location.

The briefing is carried out with each employee or student individually with a practical demonstration of safe working practices and methods. Primary briefing is possible with a group of persons serving the same type of equipment, and within a common workplace.

All workers, including graduates educational institutions primary vocational education, training and production (course) combines, after the initial fire safety briefing at the workplace, they must undergo an internship under the guidance of persons appointed by order (order, decision) during the first 2-14 shifts (depending on the nature of the work, employee qualifications) by structural division.

Employees who have at least 3 years of work experience in their specialty, moving from one structural unit to another, may be exempted from internship at the workplace, if the nature of their work and the type of equipment they worked on previously do not change.

Workers are allowed to work independently after an internship, verification of theoretical knowledge and acquired skills in safe ways of working.

3.5. All workers, regardless of qualifications, education, length of service, nature of the work performed, undergo a repeated fire-fighting briefing at least once every six months.

Organizations, in agreement with trade union committees and territorial divisions of the state fire supervision for some categories of workers, may establish a longer (up to 1 year) period for repeated fire drills.

Briefing is carried out individually or with a group of workers serving the same type of equipment, and within the general workplace according to the program of primary fire safety briefing at the workplace in full.

3.6. Unscheduled fire safety briefing is carried out:

when changing the technological process, replacing or upgrading equipment, fixtures and tools, raw materials, materials and other factors affecting fire safety;

in case of violation by employees and students of fire safety requirements, which can lead or have led to injury, accident, explosion or fire;

at the request of supervisory authorities;

during breaks in labor activity- for works that are subject to additional (increased) requirements for labor safety, for more than 30 calendar days, and for other works - for more than 60 days.

Unscheduled fire safety briefing is carried out individually or with a group of workers of the same profession. The scope and content of the briefing are determined in each specific case, depending on the reasons and circumstances that necessitated it.

3.7. Targeted fire safety briefing is carried out when: performing one-time work not related to direct duties in the specialty; elimination of consequences of accidents, natural disasters and catastrophes; production of works for which a work permit, permit and other documents are issued; conducting excursions at the enterprise and organizing mass events with students.

3.8. Primary fire safety briefing at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled and targeted, is carried out by the immediate supervisor of the work (responsible for fire safety of the organization's division, head of departmental or voluntary fire protection).

3.9. Fire safety briefings at the workplace are completed with a knowledge test by oral questioning or with the help of technical training aids, as well as by testing the acquired skills of safe working methods and actions in case of fire, and the use of primary fire extinguishing equipment. Knowledge is checked by the employee who conducted the briefing.

Persons who have shown unsatisfactory knowledge are required to re-instruct.

3.10. On the conduct of primary, repeated, unscheduled fire safety briefings at the workplace, internships and admission to work, the person who conducted the briefing makes an entry in the logbook of the briefing at the workplace and (or) in a personal card (Appendix 2 to GOST 12.0.004-90 "System of labor safety standards. Organization of labor safety training. General provisions", approved by the resolution State standard USSR on product quality management and standards dated 11/15/90 N 2797) with the obligatory signature of the instructed and instructing. When registering an unscheduled briefing, indicate the reason for its conduct.

3.11. Targeted briefing with workers who carry out work on work permits, permits, etc., is recorded in the work permit or other documentation authorizing the production of work.