The project of the house is one floor with an attic. Projects of one-story houses without an attic

Modern projects one-story houses with attic often created with complex shape roofs to make the attic rooms as functional as possible. The ceilings of these rooms in any case have a slope, which in most cases is used to create an original interior design. If the walls of the attic part of the building are high enough, then the slope of the ceilings can be covered with drywall.

The popularity of one-story buildings with an attic has increased with the advent of improved materials with which the roof can be reliably insulated and protected from leakage. With the right approach, rooms under the roof can be even more comfortable and cozy than the rooms on the first floor. Attic type of construction, in addition to being cheaper than the standard one two-story building, it also looks more advantageous due to the high slopes of the roof. In addition, low weight allows you to build two-level houses on simple, inexpensive foundations and in areas with problematic soil.

There are certain building standards that must be taken into account by designers when developing projects for one-story attic cottages. These standards are aimed at ensuring that the residential area under the roof meets the standards of high-quality and comfortable housing. So, for example, the floor wall must be at least 80 cm, and the highest point must be at a height of at least 230 cm. The floor of the under-roof floor must be laid out at the level of the support beams, and in no case lower.

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In order to get into the attic part of the house sunlight, front and roof windows are used. Front lighting is possible with a gable roof shape. Skylights mounted on slopes. In any case, the glazing of a high roof makes the building even more solid, stylish and attractive. The more windows, the lighter and more elegant the design of the house looks. In popular turnkey house projects, the under-roof floor rooms, especially with oblique lighting, receive more light than lower-level rooms, so it is easier to create a cozy warm interior in them.

Country houses are the epitome of a quiet life alone with nature. Such buildings give the owner the freedom to choose the layout, design and even building material. Most often, one-story buildings are supplemented with an attic, a garage, and open verandas. All kinds of extensions can be erected together with the house during its construction or completed to already finished building. Many projects of one-story houses with an attic are designed according to typical layout, but there are also exclusive options.

What to consider when building housing with an attic

It is better to trust the development of a building project to specialists. Lack of experience in this area will lead to the admission of many technical errors, which threatens to destroy the building. However, you still need to know the basic rules. They will help at least roughly outline a sketch of your future housing, which will guide the specialists who make up the project.

These are the main points every developer should know:

If there is a ready-made one-story house, you can’t just attach an attic to it. The walls of the building and the foundation are not designed for additional load. So that cracks do not go along them, the structural elements must be strengthened, and then the attic must be erected.
Calculating Height attic space you need to take into account the distance between the ceiling and the floor. The optimal indicator is 2.5 m. In addition to height, it is important to calculate usable area depending on the roof structure. It is expressed as a percentage of the ground floor area. For example, a conventional gable roof adds 67% of usable space, and a broken one adds 90%. You can increase the area by 100% by raising the roof by 1.5 m.
To achieve a minimum of costs and ensure comfort in the room, the correct calculation of the passage of communications and the stairs connecting the first floor with the attic will help.

Finally, less important, but useful for providing comfort, you need to plan the location of the partitions of the upper and lower floors.

Attention! No one is immune from fire and other disasters. When designing a house with an attic, it is imperative to provide for an external staircase to the balcony or another structure that ensures safe evacuation.

Examples of finished projects

How visual material, finished projects help the builder navigate in choosing the size and layout of housing. On the Internet you can find photos of buildings with a garage, an attic and without them. In addition, many projects are designed for a specific construction material, for example, walls made of foam blocks, wood or brick. The most popular, at the request of suburban developers, are projects of small and medium-sized houses.

Project and layout of a small house with a 6x6 attic

A small building with a 6x6 attic is suitable for garden house. The area of two floors will be approximately 50 m2. For a family of 3-4 people this will be enough.

The advantage of this structure is the simple construction works, plus in the future low utility bills.

Built-in furniture in the hallway will help unload the room, making it more spacious. Space savings are achieved by combining the kitchen with the hall, and a staircase is also installed here connecting the lower floor with the attic.
The bathroom is connected to the toilet. It is better to install a shower stall here. Under the stairs, free space is given under the pantry. Let it be only 2 m 2, but a useful room is useful for storing things.

Advice! To expand the usable space will help the construction of a terrace attached to the house.

An excellent housing project is frame house size 6.44 x 6.44 m. The interior layout includes a dressing room and two bedrooms. A big plus of the frame structure is the ability to carry out construction work yourself in a short time.

Advice! layout frame house may include a bath. This should be taken into account when considering such projects.

Planning project for an average house with a 9x9 attic

The average size of 9x9 m is considered the best choice, in terms of costs, construction and comfort of living. The traditional layout of the lower floor consists of a hall, a kitchen, a bedroom and a bathroom. The rooms of the upper floors can be residential or working at the request of the owners. A family of 4 will live comfortably here.

Comparing the photo layouts of houses 9x9 and 8x10, you can see their complete similarity. The only difference is the shape of the building, forming a square or rectangle.

You can see an example project in this video:

Examples of projects of houses with a garage and an attic

Choosing a project of a small house with a garage, in addition to amenities, the developer receives great savings by combining walls. The facade of the building, combined with the garage, does not come into contact with the street, which reduces heat loss inside the building. For relaxation near the house there are two terraces. The connection between the living space and the garage is through an internal entrance through the pantry. It is very convenient for bad weather conditions. To use the garage, you do not need to go outside in the rain or snow.

A very interesting mirror project of a house with a garage. Such a design is feasible when erecting a twin building near a standing building. The zest is given by the roof passing over the garage and terrace. It is supported by 3 wooden racks made of timber. All exterior trim elements are made of wood.

The layout of the lower floor includes a hall, a kitchen and a bathroom. The upper floor of the attic is given over to bedrooms and a bathroom. Communication with the garage is via a folding ladder. This design saves little interior space.

Examples of projects of houses with an attic, built from foam blocks

Majority country houses provides for the construction brick walls. They are considered more reliable and beautiful. However, the price of such material does not always suit the developer. If there is also no desire to build a wooden frame, the way out of the situation will be the construction of a building from foam blocks with an attic floor. The savings here are not limited to low material costs. For laying foam blocks, less mortar is used, the thermal conductivity of the walls decreases, and good sound insulation. The blocks are so light that you can build walls yourself.

The most popular projects of houses from foam blocks with an attic are presented in sizes 6x8, 8x8, and 8x10. One of the options for such a structure is shown in the photo. Here, the facade of foam blocks is finished with decorative plaster.

However, foam blocks have their drawbacks, which create certain restrictions on the construction attic floor. The fact is that foam block walls can withstand less load than brick ones. This must be taken into account when drafting a project. For the construction of an attic on a house made of foam blocks, it is better to use light weight building material. Do not forget that the facade will have to be faced, which will create certain costs.

If these shortcomings are not important for the developer, and one floor with an attic is enough, you can safely choose a construction project from foam blocks. One of the layout examples can be seen in the photo.

In this layout option, the owner can demolish or move the partitions at his discretion.

Important! With a building box width of more than 12 m big square roofs will create a significant load on the supporting structures, and strong pressure will squeeze the walls out. This must be taken into account in the calculations. Perhaps the width of the box will have to be made smaller.

An excellent house project from foam blocks is presented in the following photo. Its dimensions 10x10 accommodate 3 spacious bedrooms, a separate boiler room and 2 bathrooms are required. The attic is decorated with a beautiful balcony.

On this video you can see the projects of houses from foam blocks:

The project of a brick house with an attic

erection brick houses considered a classic, but still relevant today. Walls made of this material create a sense of security, turning housing into a real fortress. Among the many options for brick buildings, the project of a Russian house looks elegant.

The total area of the lower floor with the attic room is 242.6 m 2 . For such brick buildings, the presence of a terrace is mandatory. The attic is decorated with a wide balcony. Finishing brick walls is better to do artificial stone. As additional elements, the presence of a tree is desirable.

Projects of one-story houses without an attic

One-story houses are the most simple solution for suburban housing. And this does not mean that without an attic, such a building will not look presentable. Depending on the size, housing can be built to any layout with different price category. For example, an economy option is suitable for a summer residence, and big house- This is business class.

The most popular sub-category is the one-story middle-class house. Its area is 40-50 m2, which is enough for a family of 3-4 people. An example of a project with 6 rooms can be seen in the photo.

Many projects of one-story houses with an attic are able to satisfy the needs of the most fastidious developers due to the wide variety.

Before starting construction country cottage, you need to clearly define what will be. Any flaw in this matter may later affect the strength of the building or even its appearance. Most of all, this applies to the attic part, especially if you want to divide it into several rooms.

The walls in which the living area is located must be load-bearing for the roof. The attic floor is provided warm, dry and should not be blown by the wind. Your comfort depends on the layout of the house. To do this, the project should take into account everything to the smallest detail, even a rational arrangement window openings and doors, much attention should be paid to the shape of the walls and the location of communications. Properly need to determine the place for heating risers, wiring electrical network, as well as the placement of the stairs.

when planning the attic, pay attention to how the staircase from the first floor will lead to it

To make the most of the space under the roof, the attic bulkhead should serve as back wall for built-in wardrobe and shelves. Otherwise, it is worth placing it at a level where the slopes will reach a height, this is at least 1.4 meters, it will be possible to put both a chair and a couch there.

Despite how many rooms the attic part has, each of them must have a window, the dimensions of which will be 10% of the entire space of the room. However, if you are satisfied with the twilight, then you can make it a little smaller.

Fight plan for every free meter

Ideal option, especially when developing a layout one-story house with an attic, - cutting a balcony or an entire gallery into the roof.

In this case, you will immediately need to deal with the insulation of the bulkhead, or simply make it part of the double-glazed window. In this case, the frames will open in different planes. The inclined one will recline up, and the vertical one will swing open.

There is another option - to install a railing that runs along the edge of the ceiling, almost above the roof overhang. From the side, they will look like an upside down isosceles triangle. In this embodiment, the upper part will rise, becoming a canopy, and the lower part will lean forward, adjacent to the front of the railing. This will allow you to go outside to get some air on the balcony.

An example of a layout of a 1-storey house with an attic and a terrace

First floor

On the ground floor there will be a living room with an area of 26 sq. m. It will be possible to get into it only from the hall, you can also go from it to the rest of the rooms. On the same floor there is a kitchen-dining room, a bathroom, utility rooms, a terrace and access to the garage. The bathroom also includes a bath, shower and other sanitary ware. The doors of all rooms and even the bathroom are located in niches. This fact makes it possible to install additional lighting and gives more expressiveness to the hall.

floor plan of the house

The entrance to the living room will be through a large beautiful opening. The kitchen-dining room is equipped with a single room, which is divided into two zones. One of them is working, cooking will take place in it. The second zone is intended for recreation, that is, it is a dining room in which the family will eat. These zones can be separated from each other sliding wardrobe designed for storing sets and other utensils. This method of planning is very simple and functional, for this reason many designers use it.

Second floor

Further, the plan includes. After you climb the stairs, a small corridor begins. From here you can get to any room located on this floor. There are three living rooms on the floor, and there is also a comfortable and spacious dressing room. From one room there is an exit directly to the loggia. In addition to these premises, there is also a bathroom with an area of 10.6 sq. m. The total height of the attic is from 1.9 to 3.8 m.

Great attention should be paid to the stairs. The living room is very spacious, so it will be possible to place not only furniture, but also in it. If, nevertheless, a significant part of the space of the living room is occupied, then you can arrange spiral staircase from the other side of the house, as shown in the diagram. One of the living rooms can be converted and made into a working studio or workshop.

attic layout

The total area of the house is 163.71 sq. m

Attic floor lighting

It is important to make high-quality lighting of the attic floor. If people are constantly in this part of the building, then the ratio of the surface area of windows to the area of \u200b\u200bthe room should be 1:8. In the case of this layout, someone will almost always be in the attic. Therefore, if the total area is 100 sq. m., then the glazing should occupy an area of 10 square meters. m.

Layout of the house with an attic and a veranda

When choosing the number of windows, you should pay attention to the fact that two small windows located at some distance from each other will give much more lighting than one window bigger size. Skylights can become the main element of the whole style of the room, if they are placed on top of each other, or next to each other. Practice shows that the installation height of the window is selected individually. The recommended indicator is at least 80 cm, and 120 cm is considered the most common and optimal.

one of the most successful solutions for lighting rooms on the attic floor

The higher the window is located from the floor surface, the more light it will give. When determining the height, it is worth considering the height of the person who will be in this room more often than others. Tip: the distance from the floor to half the window should be equal to the average height of a person.

Veranda at the entrance to the house

As soon as you enter the house, you find yourself on the veranda. A veranda is an open or glazed room, which is usually not heated, but ventilated through windows. In this regard, the veranda will be glazed, so you can arrange a reception room in it. Often this room is used simply as a transitional link from the street to the spaces located inside. However, he can have many appointments: starting with a winter garden and ending with an office. The latter option, of course, is not very convenient, but in practice it is often encountered.

In this video you can see the original frameless way of glazing a veranda in a private house.

The veranda will have three doors:

Entrance from the street;
Entrance to the main room;
Exit to the street.

in this case, the veranda has an additional exit on the side

The latter option is usually used to show the most Beautiful places Location on. For example, an unusual flower bed, a river or even a forest. From the window you can also observe a wonderful landscape, so that guests and owners of the house will relax in this room. The layout offered to your attention includes the heating of the veranda, as there will be armchairs and a sofa for receiving guests. There should be stained glass windows. They will be located at a height of no more than half a meter.

The optimal dimensions for the veranda can be considered 4x6, or 4x5, in this building the first option will be used. However, do not forget about exterior finish extensions. To accomplish this task, you can use a facing brick. The total area of the veranda will be 17 square meters. m.

1st floor

Right from the veranda you can get into the hall. Internal passages on this floor will not differ in anything noticeable, except for a niche, which is located near the entrance to the kitchen-dining room from the living room. It is recommended to select it from the surrounding space and set the backlight. This original move can transform the whole appearance 1 floor. As a rule, the first floor does not need additional lighting during the day, since the main sources of light are windows. Kitchen-dining room, the area of which is 17.5 square meters. m., has no separate exits. Its windows should face the garden plot.

To begin with, it is worth understanding what an attic is and how it differs from an attic. Both of these rooms in the house are located under the roof. Many often confuse them, because they do not see the difference. The attic floor is the last in the house, it is located directly under the roof, but is designed for people to live at any time of the year. It must be insulated, supplied with electricity, water and heating. The facades of the attic and attic are completely or partially formed by the roof. The main difference between the premises and the second or third floor in a cottage or a country house is the height of the walls. It means the distance from the floor to the intersection of the facade with the roof. It should not exceed 1.5 m, according to the conditions prescribed in SNiP. If the height is a little more, then this is already a full-fledged floor.

The attic is a cold, non-residential area. It can be equipped for summer holidays, but it is not possible to winter in such a room. Usually in attics they equip storages of unnecessary things. However, the practice of warehousing trash is gradually fading away. If the room is intended for the location of communications, a boiler room, engineering equipment, then the attic is called a technical floor. They are more common in apartment buildings. Another important difference between the attic and the attic is the presence large windows sometimes even built into the roof. For non-residential premises, lighting is not of great importance. Projects of houses with an attic can be purchased at ready-made in design offices. The only way to get a free plan is to prepare it yourself, which will require a certain amount of knowledge. Let's talk about design features attic floors, options for their arrangement and popular styles that embody under the roofs of houses.

Features of attic floors

The project of a house with an attic is ideal for those who want to use the area of the building to the maximum. In this respect, the additional living space is similar to the basement. Previously, basements were used exclusively for storing trash and equipment. Now they are equipping in socles game rooms, home cinemas, garages, saunas or laundries (as in typical American homes). It is impossible to build an attic without a plan-drawing. Everyone can really cope with construction work, although even here they often turn to companies that practice the construction of turnkey facilities. But to correctly calculate the loads on the foundation, think over the location of all structural elements, calculate the consumption of materials, only a professional who has experience and a baggage of specialized knowledge can do it.

Before construction, several draft sketches are prepared - in section and from different viewpoints, and at the same time indicate the scale. On the drawing, the location of window openings, entrance stairs, communication lines is necessarily marked, the shape is indicated and the dimensions are indicated. The most popular configuration among attics is rectangular or square. A simple task seems only in words. Getting down to business, the layman is lost and does not even know where to start. The attic attracts with an abundance of light and fresh air. Its outer "box" includes two components:

Vertical (frontal) walls. They are usually made from the same material as the facade of the house, as they are its logical continuation.
Inclined wall (side). It "begins" with vertical surface(attic wall), and then the roof truss system serves as its frame. Cast outer skin roof protrudes from the ceiling. To increase the attic area, change the angle of the roof and increase the height of the attic walls.

In wooden cabins vertical walls built from wood. If the building is brick, then brick is also used for the attic. Sometimes vertical walls are sheathed decorative materials to match the rest of the façade. This is necessary in cases where you need to update the exterior to fit it into the landscape design. suburban area, or when the building itself has an unsightly appearance. For example, it was erected from expanded clay concrete, gas silicate, expanded clay, cinder blocks or gas blocks. Such materials have an unattractive appearance and are necessarily masked under a layer of finishing. For these purposes, use porcelain stoneware, siding, decorative panels "under the brick" or stone. Sometimes the outside walls are trimmed with wood. The material looks very beautiful, but it is less practical than more durable counterparts. Insulation becomes a prerequisite for arranging an attic. Part of the task of keeping the heat in the room lies with the decorative cladding that protects the walls from the outside. Inside, they are covered with heat and vapor barrier, between the layers of which mineral wool and polystyrene are placed. Then communications are carried out and finishing is carried out. Further, the design and distribution of functional areas on the attic floor, furniture placement, and decoration come into play.

There is also such a thing as a half-attic. This is originally a residential floor, which is combined with the roof. The design has expressive architecture and original appearance. The semi-mansard floor is also used for permanent residence. The height of its walls does not exceed 0.8 m.

Advantages and disadvantages of houses with an attic

The attic floor has both a number of advantages and a small list of disadvantages. The advantages include the following aspects:

If the arrangement of the attic was not originally included in the plans during the construction of the house, then due to it the living area can be increased even without leaving the dacha or cottage. The construction will proceed on its own, and the rest of the rooms can still be used, that is, the construction is carried out independently. This practice is quite common when the family grows and housing becomes too cramped over time. This, perhaps, is the main advantage of the additional mezzanine.
Properly equipped attic will help reduce the heat loss of the building. This will reduce the load on heating system and more economical energy consumption.
The original architectonics of the ceiling is ideal for unusual modern trends, where the configuration is the basis of the composition.
The best insolation. Since the attic is a priori higher than any other room in the house, it receives more light. If the windows are built into the roof, then the sun's rays enter the room directly even at noon.
The attic opens up wide possibilities for space planning. Initially, the floor does not have internal walls, so the decision on the placement of rooms, their dimensions (width and length) is made only by the owners of the house. The layout does not require the demolition of partitions or significant changes. You can create zoning literally from scratch.
Good ventilation. The height at which the attic is located contributes to rapid air exchange.

The disadvantages include the following factors:

The need for air conditioning in hot summers. The roof heats up very quickly and gives off heat to the attic, located closer to the rest of the rooms. Unfortunately, in hot weather, in the absence of air conditioning, there will be a real “steam room”, like in a bathhouse.
Some psychologists believe that not having a traditional "smooth" ceiling over their heads, many people may experience discomfort. The complex architecture of a sloping roof looks very unusual and beautiful, however, an excessive pile of details can really cause irritation over time. The configuration is easy to correct with the help of a special finish, decor, color scheme.
The high cost of special skylights, which will have to be bought for spacious rooms, where openings on the gables alone will not be enough.
With mistakes in construction, decoration, and thermal insulation, you can get a “cold” attic, which even the most powerful heating boiler will not save in winter.
The accumulation of snow in winter on the glass of skylights, which will create an obstacle for light to enter the room.
No type of soundproofing will completely eliminate rain "rustles" - the sounds of drops colliding with the roof. And it does not matter what type of coating is chosen (soft or hard). Although psychologists believe that the sound of water has a healing, calming effect, sometimes it can be very annoying.

By the way, another advantage can be considered simplicity when placing a fireplace or stove. Furnace heating can also be considered as an option. So it will be possible to save on the consumption of other resources (gas, electricity) and create comfortable conditions in the attic in winter with the help of "live fire" from coal or firewood.

Attic floor device

To properly plan, you need to consider a number of the following factors:

Living space. Its dimensions directly depend on the type of roof. Some varieties create too many zones that cannot be used appropriately. by the most economical option counts hip roof. Its truss system, in contrast to the gable system, allows you to use every meter of the attic without "deaf" zones.
Budget. If it is very modest, then you will have to be content with a shed roof, as it is one of the cheapest options.
Snow and wind load. Precipitation should slide freely from the roof, and not accumulate on it. In this case, slope matters. If it is calculated incorrectly, then precipitation will create an additional load on the roof, which it may not withstand.
Choosing the right material for the truss system. Many mistakenly believe that wood falls under the taboo. In fact, SNiP allows the use of a tree if it has been properly processed beforehand. Here, the condition regarding the maximum height of the building is also observed - no more than 75 m, that is, an increased number of storeys. Of course, for private households, such figures are considered sky-high. On average, even for every three-story house there are more than twenty ordinary one-story buildings.
Condition of the foundation and facade. It takes into account not only the material from which the house was built, but also the terms of its operation, additional loads, general appearance (presence of cracks or other damage). Based on this, a specific truss system and material for the roof are chosen.
Loads on the walls of the house and the foundation. Some types of roofs (single-pitched) distribute loads unevenly, that is, one side of the building may need to be further strengthened. Without knowledge in this area, it is easy to make a mistake that threatens to turn into a collapse.

All these nuances must be taken into account when designing an attic. Additional floors with bay windows or terraces look luxurious. In the second case, households have access to open air overlooking the courtyard, securely protected by a canopy. Such verandas are sometimes glazed. Bay windows most often repeat similar protrusions on the lower floors in shape.

roof trusses

A truss truss is a truss system on which a roof is supported. In fact, this is the “backbone”, the skeleton of the attic, on which layers of roofing, thermal insulation, communication lines, and interior decoration are “put on”. The truss truss consists of a number of components, the competent combination of which allows you to evenly distribute the load on the load-bearing walls of the house:

Mauerlat. It is a log or beam, which is laid on a load-bearing wall. In fact, this is the "foundation" of the truss truss.
Skate and side runs. These are beams that are horizontal. The first is placed directly under the ridge, and the rest are slightly lower, perpendicular to the rafter "legs".
Struts, struts, diagonal connections - a system of communicative elements.
Overhead and hanging rafters.

Since the loads on mansard roof quite large, the truss truss must have a margin of safety. It provides a high-quality connection between the individual components of the system. Most often, bolts, screws, welding or the groove-comb type are used for these purposes. The frame scheme of the truss truss is chosen depending on the type of roof that will cover the attic floor. Also take into account the distance between the outer load-bearing walls. If it does not exceed the value of 6.5 m, then layered rafters are chosen. In other cases, resort to hanging supports. They are mounted on a puff and on a Mauerlat. If necessary, the structure is reinforced with additional connecting links.

Roof construction

The shape of the attic directly depends on the type of roof. The additional floors themselves can be rectangular, broken, triangular, asymmetric. Attics can be located above the entire house or only above part of it. Roofs, depending on the shape, are classified into the following types:

Shed.
Gable.
Tri-slope.
Dome (conical, pyramidal).
Four-slope.

Tri-slope and domed in the attic are very rare due to the complex architecture. The former were popular back in Tsarist Russia, when the exquisite design of the house was an indicator of the family's prosperity. Domed ones are a very complex structure with no less "tangled" truss truss. Greenhouses in wealthy mansions used to be hidden under round roofs made of transparent materials. Judging by the sophistication of architecture, such a roof is a grandiose structure, impressive and eye-catching. FROM material point of view, such construction will be very expensive, and therefore is not always justified. Four-sided are classified into four subspecies:

Hip.
Tent.
Half hip
Hip-pediment.

In the tent ridge is completely absent. Attics under the roofs of the three remaining types have a broken architectonics, which is not as pronounced as in gable roofs. For this reason, this nuance can be attributed to advantages, not disadvantages.

Shed

The design of a shed roof is considered the simplest. The roof is fixed on the load-bearing walls at an angle. This roof architecture is laconic and even borders on primitivism. For single slope options great importance has an angle. If it is calculated incorrectly, then precipitation will accumulate, and the load on the roof will increase. Mansards under shed roofs are not equipped very often. The room will have an asymmetrical shape due to the different heights of the opposite walls. But in shed roof windows are easily built in, which look very neat and consistent in one row.

gable

Gable or gable roofs are quite easy to install and are considered a classic option for arranging attic floors. As the name implies, such structures have two slopes that intersect at the top and abut against the ridge. Both planes "look" in different directions. Gable roofs are classified into three subspecies:

Symmetrical. The slopes diverge at the same angles and are mirror images of each other. The pediment has a simple configuration of an isosceles triangle, and the ridge is located in the center of the structure.
Asymmetrical. The ridge of such roofs is displaced relative to the conventional center of the house. The slopes are of equal length. Sometimes they are also called: "offset ridge" roofs.
With broken slopes. This type of roof was specially designed for attics and attics. Broken slopes allow you to increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe under-roof space.

The most popular version of a gable roof is a “convex” one with broken slopes. The ridge is located strictly in the center, and the pediment has the shape of an irregular but symmetrical pentagon.

Roof selection

Range roofing materials truly astounding. If earlier they managed with traditional slate laid on roofing material, now the layman's eyes run wide at the sight of a wide choice. Depending on the rigidity, materials are classified into two types:

Soft (bituminous tiles).
Rigid (slate, metal tile).

When choosing a material, also pay attention to the configuration of the roof. Not every type of roof is suitable for complex, broken structures. The most durable and beautiful option will become a natural tile, which is made of clay by firing. The material will be very expensive, but the service life - more than 150 years - fully pays for the cost. The second place in popularity is shared by asbestos-cement slate and metal tiles. The first is a mixture of a cement base with asbestos reinforcing fibers. Although for last years many competitors have appeared, it still occupies a leading position in the market. Slate can be flat or wavy. His classic color- gray, but some manufacturers color the material in bright colors. The average service life of slate is 30 years. Metal tile - imitation of the same name ceramic material, made of galvanized steel, which is covered with a protective polymer film on both sides. The texture and coloring of the material mimics the original in detail. The average service life of a metal tile is 15 years. It is fireproof, easy to install, durable and inexpensive. Slightly less popular are ondulin, corrugated steel sheets and piece composite, slate, bituminous, cement-sand tiles. For roofs of complex configuration, it is better to use soft roofing material.

Windows and how to open them

On the attic floors they are used as usual vertical windows(embedded in the pediments), and special inclined ones. They are located on the roof. Windows are called "mansard" windows. They literally look "at the sky" and give an indescribable feeling during the rain or starry nights when you can fall asleep admiring the magnificent landscape. They are distinguished by the type of opening. The usual tilt or turn-and-turn mechanism is not found in skylights. The only exception will be the "hatches" in the roof. Due to the specifics of the location (at an angle), more often such double-glazed windows are equipped only with folding or sliding systems. Panoramic windows located on the gables look luxurious in the attics. There are also miniature "balconies" equipped with a folding mechanism. They provide access to small porch with a fence, a kind of mini-terrace.

One-story houses with an attic

The problem of lack of space often worries the owners of one-story houses. If the land plot is small and does not allow you to increase the living space in width, then you will have to turn your eyes upward. A full-fledged second floor is not a cheap pleasure. We will have to significantly strengthen the structure and radically rebuild it. The attic, on the other hand, can be equipped in an existing attic, having carried out repair, insulation and decoration work. In terms of cost, reorganizing a finished space is significantly cheaper than building a new one.

Two-story houses with an attic

IN two-storey houses the attic will become an additional load on the structure. When arranging it, it is better to use non-massive furniture with low weight. If necessary, it is easy to rearrange it to a new place or replace it with another one. As an option, you can consider wicker chairs and chairs, plastic tables, dressing rooms instead of full cabinets, or even garden furniture. It is recommended to divide the entire floor into rooms or zones using light drywall partitions.

Room furnishing options

On the attic floor, you can equip absolutely any room: bedrooms, living rooms, children's and playrooms. If water supply is provided here, then the placement of a bathroom or kitchen is allowed. On the small attics it is logical to arrange just one spacious room and carry out its zoning. If the floor is narrow, then two doorways are made from the entrance staircase to different rooms, which abut against opposite gables. Most often, attics are designed for bedrooms. The lack of space is usually caused by an increase in the family. The attic is a great option for arranging separate full-fledged children's rooms. This will give the child a personal space and at the same time not sacrifice the existing functional rooms.

Popular stylistic trends

In the design of the attic floors, they adhere to the principles of conciseness and lightness. The interior should be simple and unobtrusive. The stylistic direction necessarily emphasizes the extraordinary architectonics of the ceiling, which is so common on attic floors and turns asymmetry into a virtue, not a disadvantage. Since the use of massive furniture and an abundance of decor is undesirable, the classics in all its manifestations should be excluded. Most often, designers practice the use of the following styles:

Chalet. The Alpine direction is based on the use of wood. The array can be replaced with thin sheets of veneer in the finish. They will be in harmony with the timber from which the house is built. The unusual architecture of the ceiling is complemented by decorative beams and logs. Furniture uses a minimum: wicker chairs, chairs, a bed with wooden frame. Soft skins for the floor, deer antlers on the walls and stylish metal-framed lamps suspended on chains from the ceiling beams are chosen from the decor.
Minimalism. This style easily adapts to both small spaces and spacious rooms. All furniture is placed compactly. This direction is filled with the harmony of space, light and color. Ideal for an economy renovation. The color scheme is dominated by white and gray. The decor is practically not used. Of the furniture, only a low coffee table, a group of chairs, a compact corner wardrobe and a bed are left.
Laconic Russian ethnic style. A colorful direction, which is associated with towers in dense Siberian forests. Interior decoration does not strike with luxury: simple furniture is used, made in a handicraft way with rough, poorly processed surfaces. The interior is dominated by affordable wood - a material typical of Russian villages. The color palette uses all shades of brown: from dark chocolate to yellow. They decorate the room with homespun paths, embroidered curtains, groups of hand-painted dishes on stands. If there is a fireplace on the attic floor, then it is styled as an old Russian stove and whitewashed.
Provence. This is one of the subspecies rustic style. Wooden surfaces also predominate in the room. Furniture is chosen from old "grandmother's" sets, which are re-painted to give a more respectable look. The best decor will be fresh flowers in pots and porcelain vases. You can revive the room with the help of small sculptures, massive candelabra, curtains in a coquettish flower and a group soft pillows on the sofa or bed. The color palette is dominated by white and pastel colors.

Also, when arranging the attic, they use a light Japanese style, laconic Scandinavian and high-tech high-tech. If the building is built of brick, then a loft will fit such walls. They don't even have to be trimmed. naked brickwork become part of the interior.

Conclusion

Mansards are not only for private houses. In multi-storey buildings often sell apartments located directly under the roof. They usually have nothing to do with small-sized housing, striking large spaces. In such apartments, studios and workshops are equipped. but real comfort a well-maintained attic in a private house cannot be compared with anything. The attic is a great option for large families on a budget.

An attic is a significant savings on building materials and work for the construction of a full-fledged second floor, additional living space, an office, a children's or guest room. The attic space is used rationally and does not require special investments for the construction of walls, ceilings and interior decoration.

A private house with an attic is a unique interior design and original appearance. Profitable solution buildings relative to material costs. After all, residential square meters are increasing, and the construction of additional capital walls is not required. Also, savings are obvious if the land is small. The main thing is a properly created project.

Advantages of the attic

The attic adds residential meters to the house, through the use of an additional level. The room can be a great place for a workshop or a smoking room, which are not always appropriate in the main part of the house. Subject to all necessary technical rules, the attic reduces the heat loss of the building through the roof. The room can be decorated in an interesting, individual style, different from the main composition of the house.

But there are also difficulties. Dormer windows are not cheap, and the angle of inclination and floor beams require an experienced designer's eye, otherwise it will not be a very comfortable room. In addition, with the accumulation of snow drifts, it will not be so easy to clean windows if they are built into a pitched roof. However, there are still more advantages, and technological issues can always be solved.

Features of the construction of a one-story house with an attic

A simple one-story house with an attic can be built both from foam blocks and using bricks or timber. Considering that the roof will be exposed negative impact climatic factors from the outside and a certain influence from the inside, it is necessary to take care of high-quality hydro, heat, sound and vapor barrier. Ventilation must be sufficiently functional, for which free space must be left between the thermal insulation and the roof.

Be sure to have a solid truss system. The supporting structure is made of wood or metal profiles (stone and concrete should not be used, this will create a high load on the ceiling). The rafters are placed at an angle of 30-60 degrees.

All elements of the attic must be strong, but light. The roof is best covered with soft or metal tiles, slate sheets. Since metal conducts heat too well, in cold weather the room will not be protected from serious heat loss. It is recommended to use as a heater mineral wool. Finish the fences with drywall. For internal partitions fit plywood or drywall sheets.

Even in small houses, the attic can always be arranged in a very original and stylish way: make windows in the roof, add decorative beams. Projects where the roof has different angle slope (but not less than 38 degrees), this allows you to zone the room.

Which attic is better for a private house

How exactly to arrange the attic, what size it should be and what materials will be needed, depends on several factors:

how many people will live in the room;
purpose of the attic: office, playroom, bedroom;
period of operation: year-round or only in the warm season;
how the roof is designed (gable, domed, half-hip or hip);
what the building itself is built from (brick house, foam block, cinder block, etc.);
material used for flooring.

The fastest and easiest will be a single-level attic under gable roof. A minimum of additional structural elements is required. Gables in this case are used as a place for installing vertical windows.

However, most of the area remains unused, so it is more profitable to equip an attic under a sloping roof. This will complicate the design and construction work, but all the space will be used as efficiently as possible.

The most preferable attic is under a hipped (four-pitched) roof. The design is strong enough, does not deform under the influence of external factors, is resistant to winds and snow. But if the building has quite small size, to equip a comfortable attic will not work.

Projects of houses with an attic

The attic can become a decoration of the entire private house or be its functional addition. How the floor will be arranged and located depends on the wishes of the owners and the design of the building itself.

House with a gable roof. The first floor is represented by one large room, all the space above it is reserved for the attic. This is the simplest and most budgetary solution if enough light enters through the windows and is not required. additional sources roof daylight. The staircase in this case is taken out of the house, which saves space. This option is suitable for a country house without a garage.

House with attic and terrace. It can be considered both as an option for a country holiday, and as a full-fledged residential building. In this case, the terrace does not have to be located on the attic floor. Drawing in the photo below.

But the terrace will also look good as an element of the attic floor.

A fairly simple project to combine an attic over a garage. Ergonomic, comfortable, and does not take up extra square meters land plot. The ladder can be installed both in the garage and in the main part of the house. In the first case, the owner of the car receives full autonomy, which is important if you rent out a house. But the design of such a building requires the advice of a professional architect in order to correctly distribute the weight on all structural elements.

Mansards in cottages from a bar. Such houses are indispensable for big family. Or even several couples.

If desired, you can combine everything: an attic above the first floor and a terrace above the garage.

The project might look like this.

Technical requirements for attics

The roof covering should be strong, but light, so it is better to choose ondulin or metal tiles.

The attic tier is more susceptible to heat loss and condensation, which means that you should not save on heat, waterproofing and good ventilation.

It is preferable to make internal partitions of the attic from drywall, wood and metal profiles in order to reduce the load on the floor.

Whatever material the roof is made of, soundproofing will require a lot of money. Sell cheap and the sounds of rain, wind and falling snow will be heard quite strongly.

The line of intersections of sloping or broken roofs and the facade should be located at a level of about 150 cm relative to the attic floor. With the recommended “half-ceiling” distance of at least 2.5 m for residential premises, in the attic floor the space with such parameters should be 50% or more of the entire room.

In general, the attic can be built in any one-story house, but it is better to design its location in advance, even at the stage of creating a plan for the future structure.

Project for a house with an attic and a garage

A beautiful house project with an attic and a garage will not be too expensive if you first decide on the construction plan and the necessary square footage of all rooms.

If you build a house with a total area of 111.9 m 2 and residential - 70.60 m 2, plus a garage - 17.80 m 2, you will need to spend 10-25 thousand rubles on the development of an individual project.

Depending on the purpose, the attic can be built only above the garage or the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe box of the house can be used. What are the projects of one-story houses with an attic, the photo is given below. Ready Plan with an attic without taking into account the territory allocated for the garage and in the absence of a basement:

Projection of the first floor

Projection of the attic floor

In this case, the entire load falls only on the load-bearing walls of the house box.

The angle of inclination of the roof with such a layout is 42-43 degrees, the height of the ridge is 8.0 m. The size of the attic is 32 m 2, which can be divided into three rooms, a staircase, a bathroom, a pantry and a front room.

Project for a simple one-story house

For a foam block house with an area of 139-140 m 2, without a garage and basement, basements and basements, the attic floor project can look modest and unpretentious, saving free space as much as possible for any purpose.

In small houses, in order to have more additional living space, equip attic space for a comfortable stay, you can both above the box of the house and above the garage. The only exception is vast basements. Then it is better to limit yourself to only that part of the structure where they do not exist.

The device of the truss system for a house made of timber with a gable roof

First of all, the slope of the roof must correspond to the climatic conditions of the region. Where heavy precipitation often falls, the roof should have a sharp slope of 50-80 degrees.

In areas with high intensity winds, on the contrary, sloping roofs are suitable, which will help reduce the pressure on the roof structure.

For truss systems under the attic it is necessary to install Mauerlats. These are bars 10x10 cm, which ensure the distribution of the load of the roof over the entire surface that it covers. Mauerlats are placed under the rafter leg or installed along the length of the entire building. Usually wooden structures are used, but if the roof is supposed to be made of metal roofing, you need to use Mauerlats from a metal profile.

The cross section of the beam is shown in the photo below.

Everything that is required to build an attic, determine the size of the room and its purpose, develop a project, study necessary materials, their number and you can start building.

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