Installing a pool ventilation system - how should the requirements be met? Pool ventilation: scheme and subtleties of design. Supply and exhaust ventilation system Forced ventilation in the pool

One of the main conditions for organizing a comfortable microclimate in an indoor pool is the ventilation system. It is she who will maintain the humidity corresponding to the current standards and ensure the supply of fresh air.

Why do you need pool ventilation?

Swimming pool in the house - ventilation is calculated at the design stage

To answer this question, you need to understand what functions are assigned to ventilation. One of the properties inherent in water is evaporation. It evaporates from everywhere: from a glass, puddle, sea, pool capacity. And the larger the surface area and temperature of the water, the more evaporation. All these natural processes without adequate ventilation can harm the person and the room in which the pool is located.

Comfortable for well-being is considered humidity at the level of 30-60%. At high humidity of 80-95% and the temperature of the pool room (29-31°C), it becomes difficult for a person to breathe, headache, fatigue appear, even consciousness may become clouded. In people with chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system, seizures were noted. And frequent stay in a room with such parameters provokes rheumatic diseases, tuberculosis, kidney disease.

Thus, a pool ventilation system is mandatory, which would be responsible for absorption, condensation and assimilation. The more intense the change of stale air to fresh air, the faster the drying of the air masses.

Features of the ventilation device in the premises of pools

The temperature of air and water should differ by a maximum of 2 degrees. So, for pools located in private houses, the water temperature is set at 28 ° C. The air temperature should be 29-30°C. If there is an inverse ratio of temperatures, then intensive evaporation occurs. Therefore, in the ventilation system, heating of the supply air is provided. For a swimming pool, the water temperature is within 26-31°C, for a pool in a bath with hot water 35°C, with cold water 15°C.
The most important parameter that determines the microclimate of the pool is humidity. As mentioned above, high humidity adversely affects people's health, as well as structural elements, interior decoration. Moisture that exceeds the permissible threshold leads to the formation of condensate, which over time contributes to the development of fungi, mold, and rust. Humidity is directly dependent on air temperature, so its decrease by 1 degree, increases humidity by 3.5%.
Limit values of relative humidity for indoor swimming pools in winter - 45%. For summer, a higher rate is allowed - 55%.
Strict requirements are placed on the movement of air. Ventilation for the pool in the cottage must have continuous air exchange. It must not be turned off day or night, or at any time of the year, otherwise condensation cannot be avoided. The system must maintain a speed of air masses of about 20 cm per second.
The presence of chlorine in the air should be maintained at a level of 0.1 ml per 1 cubic meter. m of air.

Important! The ventilation requirements of the pool located in the house include the mandatory absorption of exhaust air by 13% more than fresh air is supplied. This prevents moisture from spreading to other areas of the house. Exceeding this value leads to the formation of drafts.

In addition, the pool ventilation system must be autonomous, independent of the ventilation of the house itself. And connecting the system to an uninterruptible power supply will ensure its continuous operation, independent of the presence of voltage in the network.

Supply and exhaust ventilation for the pool

According to experts, it is supply and exhaust ventilation that is suitable for rooms with high humidity. It is this ventilation that is able to provide high-quality air exchange, in which there will be a continuous supply of fresh air, and the timely removal of excess moisture.

Creating a comfortable microclimate that meets all the standards for building ventilation systems in the pool area, possibly by building one of the popular schemes, namely: a system with a supply unit, an exhaust fan, an autonomously operating air dryer or supply and exhaust ventilation for a pool with recuperation.

The composition of this system with recovery includes the following equipment:

supply and exhaust fans;
heat exchanger with bypass;
intake and exhaust filters;
electric heater; Control block;
condensate pan.

The presence of a heat exchanger in the circuit allows you to minimize heat loss. Recuperators are represented by several types. The plate-type heat exchanger is considered the most suitable for the ventilation system of pools. It is a heat exchanger through which the supply and exhaust air passes. In this case, the inflow is heated by the heat of the outgoing masses.

Advantages of the supply and exhaust ventilation system with a heat exchanger

It is possible to adjust the operating parameters (switching from "working" mode to "standby" and vice versa), but this can be useful when, for example, the owners leave for a while, and no one in the house controls the operation of the system. The general adjustment of the system is carried out once, during commissioning.
The equipment works in a common system, is controlled using a conventional control panel, all indicators can be displayed on a computer screen for control.
Does not require additional equipment for warm and cold seasons.
Enormous energy savings due to the operation of the heat exchanger, which is especially important during continuous operation of the system.

Calculation of the air exchange rate in the pool room

L = Gw/

L - desired volume (m3/h) of outdoor air

Gw – evaporation rate (g/h)

r – specific air density (kg/m3)

Xj - humidity of the air flow from the outside (g / kg)

Xu – indoor air humidity (g/kg)

Do-it-yourself ventilation for the pool: the sequence of work

First, we start with the selection of equipment that will be built into the ventilation scheme.
Secondly, we calculate the cross-section of pipes, which is important for the correct supply and removal of air.
Thirdly, we have supply and exhaust pipes. Since moist and warm air rises, we place the hood near the ceiling. The inflow pipe, according to all the rules for building a system, must be placed in the lower part of the room. But in the pool, this position will create discomfort. Therefore, structurally, this is solved as follows: the entrance to the room is located at the bottom, then it is blown up along the duct, where pipes with ventilation grilles are located around the entire perimeter of the room, through which fresh air is supplied. For a good rate of recirculation of air masses, large gratings are installed.
Fourthly, in order to maintain good air exchange, a deflector is installed at the end of the exhaust pipe, sucking in exhausted moist air and ejecting it into the atmosphere through special channels.
Fifthly, it is desirable to provide a device that is not included in the ventilation system, but greatly facilitates its work. These are special blinds that close the pool when it is not in use. They perform many useful functions - protection from pollution, heat preservation, for ventilation - reducing evaporation and moisture release.

More detailed information about the equipment, the correctness of calculations, the location and other nuances of constructing ventilation in the pool room can be obtained from specialized specialists. Of course, the price will also play an important role, but before making a decision, you need to calculate "a few steps ahead." And in appearance, expensive supply and exhaust ventilation with recuperation, in fact, turns out to be more economical and more profitable than other schemes.

Recently, the arrangement of your own pool in a private house or cottage is not an indicator of incredible luxury. Modern technologies make it possible to install such a water tank indoors without huge costs and investments. In order for the structure to last for a long time, and for a comfortable microclimate to be present in the house, you need to take care of the ventilation of the pool in advance.

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general information

Each pool is a huge container of water that constantly evaporates and condenses on the ceiling, window openings or wall structures. But where there is water, there is also a fungus or mold.

Moreover, the impact of increased moisture negatively affects the durability of the pool itself, because it leads to the destruction of finishing materials and other deformation consequences. Among them:

The occurrence of rust on metal products.
The development of fungal microorganisms.
Swelling and destruction of plastered surfaces.
The appearance of spots on the painted parts.
Deterioration of the insulation of conductive materials, which increases the likelihood of electric shock.

In connection with the above points, the arrangement of the ventilation of the pool in the cottage is the most important stage, which must be taken with increased responsibility. Such equipment will save the room from various deformation processes, as well as extend the life of the tank itself.

With good ventilation in the interior there will always be a certain indicator of humidity. This unit indicates the volume of water vapor per unit volume of air. If the humidity exceeds the permissible level, it becomes difficult to breathe in the room.

However, if the air is too dry, this also entails unpleasant phenomena. Therefore, it is important to achieve the perfect balance, guided by the mode of operation of the structure, the climatic factor and the individual preferences of the owners of the premises. Future calculation should be carried out taking into account the temperature of air and water.

Pool ventilation

Indoor microclimate

In the construction industry, there is such a thing as saturation moisture. This indicator characterizes the volume of water that is taken in by air at a specific temperature regime. If the temperature starts to rise, it raises the saturation humidity level. If the allowable indicator is exceeded, the excess begins to turn into condensate and settle on wall structures, glass or ceiling.

When arranging ventilation in the pool of a private house, it is necessary to get rid of excess evaporation of moisture, observing a specific balance between the temperature of water and air.

If the volume of evaporated moisture is relatively small, then there is no need to buy powerful ventilation systems. If the temperature of water and air is kept at the same level, the saturation point will be comparable to 100% humidity.

But to ensure a comfortable microclimate in a room with a pool, it is recommended to adhere to humidity from 50 to 65%. This requires the installation of a mechanical ventilation system.

There is another way to reduce the level of evaporation. It is enough to cover the surface of the water with special metal elements, like blinds. As you know, closed water practically does not go into the evaporation stage and does not cool. If we compare an outdoor pool, then about two and a half liters of liquid can evaporate in it in an hour. In the closed type, these figures are 1.2 liters per part. As a result, this approach guarantees large savings in resources.

Reducing the humidity in the room

Even the most powerful pool ventilation project is not able to completely cope with the problem of high humidity in the room. However, it is quite possible to reduce the level of evaporation, since there are many tools and ventilation equipment for this. Recently, supply and exhaust ventilation for the pool has been in great demand, which is combined with the installation of special dehumidifiers.

Once in the dehumidifier, the air is heated to the dew point, which leads to moisture condensation. Then it is additionally heated and returned back, but already in its pure form, without water particles. Such systems are relevant for cottages in which it is impossible to consider the option of installing an intake-blowing system. A hygrostat is installed in the design, which causes the compressor to start at certain performance indicators. If the moisture level drops, the hygrostat stops the compressor while the ventilation blades continue to rotate.

Commercially available condensing dryers divided into several types:

1. Wall mounted. They are located in buildings where there are already finishing works.
2. Wall mounted. In such dehumidifiers, all working elements are securely hidden in a separate room, and in the space with a pool there is only a fence grate. It is necessary to start planning such a scheme long before the arrangement of the water tank.
3. Stationary, non-removable. Such installations are characterized by the highest power and require additional space. Often they are part of the supply and exhaust ventilation system in large sports centers. Stationary models support mixing 1/5 of the air volume, and if equipped with a duct heater, this will allow you to equip a complete ventilation system at home.

Moisture assimilation

In search of effective ventilation systems in the pool, schemes and designs, one cannot ignore the method of assimilation of moisture in the pool. It consists in using the natural property of air to absorb water vapor. The technology allows you to lay a 5-fold air exchange in one hour of work.

In temperate latitudes and in homes with small pools, a conventional ventilation system is sufficient. But if we are talking about large water tanks in gyms and entertainment complexes, then a multifunctional dehumidifier must be additionally equipped here.

The indisputable advantage of moisture assimilation is the effective elimination of an unpleasant odor that appears due to high humidity. As for the cons, there are few of them. The most unpleasant moment is the dependence on weather conditions, because if the surrounding air is too humid, it will not be able to absorb condensate from the pool room.

But in most cases, this scheme justifies itself and outperforms other solutions. Another disadvantage of assimilation is the need to warm the supply air. The procedure is especially necessary during the cold period, when the heating process requires a lot of electricity.

Also, engineers practice the combined method of draining the pool, which is in demand for large areas and pools with a high frequency of visits. In this case, it is necessary to combine a dehumidifier and a forced ventilation system.

At the same time, the type of equipment can be independent or form an indispensable part of the overall system that affects the microclimate. Combined options are expensive options and justify themselves only on an area of 50 square meters.

How to reduce the humidity in the pool room? Pool ventilation

Maintaining the temperature

To avoid excessive moisture release, at the ventilation design stage, it is necessary to achieve such indicators at which the temperature in the building with a pool exceeds the ambient temperature.

This is possible only if there is a powerful heating system that provides heating of the air to optimal performance. But ventilation is not able to heat the building, so air heating may be ineffective. It justifies itself only with the arrangement of additional installations.

If the building is characterized by good glazing, and the pool is located in the southern area, you can not do without arranging a powerful air conditioning system. As for large pools that are frequently visited, natural ventilation systems may not be useful in them. In this case, forced methods of moving air are used, demonstrating the following advantages:

Maintaining a stable temperature regime.
Constant supply of fresh air.
Combat bad odor.

Swimming pool in a private house. Heating system in the pool, ventilation and water heating.

Supply and exhaust scheme

Considering the best types of ventilation systems for a pool, one cannot ignore the example of a supply and exhaust scheme.

It has the following advantages:

Stable supply of fresh air.
Fight against residual moisture in the atmosphere.

The device is equipped with a special dehumidifier, and any heat is instantly removed outside. In addition, such a system is characterized by autonomy and can work without exposure to air from other rooms. The ventilation ducts are made on the basis of moisture-resistant materials, and the equipment is controlled by advanced automation. As a result, this allows you to maintain a stable temperature regime and carry out the mixing of clean air.

Before entering the room, the outdoor air is carefully filtered, cooled or heated. It also changes its moisture content.

Proper system design in the cottage

In order for the cottage pool to justify itself, you need to remember a few features.

First of all, you should make sure that the temperature regime is kept within 30-32 degrees Celsius, and the outflow of air prevails over the inflow by 0.5 times. Noise indicators cannot exceed 60 decibels, while there should not be more than two people in the pool at the same time.

In order for the design and installation of an air vent system to be as successful as possible, a lot of rules and recommendations must be taken into account. You should visit a special site where you can calculate the required parameters online. Planning a ventilation system will be successful only after consulting with an expert, as well as taking into account several important points.

As you know, air with high humidity and high temperature is constantly directed upwards, and when it collides with a cool surface, it turns into condensate. In this regard, ventilation equipment can be placed both in the adjacent building and under the bowl, around it or on top. In many cases, such systems are placed around the pool or in two of its sides, which causes the exhaust moist air to be quickly expelled.

To ensure a comfortable microclimate in a building with a swimming pool, first of all drafts must be prevented. To do this, it is enough to equalize the volumes of supply and exhaust air. In a place where visitors are located, the air should not move faster than a given speed. Often, the intensity of movements is reduced using various schemes or specific grids.

Air channel it is better to place near the windows. It is also desirable that it be made of a good heat-conducting material. Under the influence of dry air, any condensate will cease to settle on the glass, and upon contact with the window, the warm air will begin to cool.

Drawer box installed directly under the ceiling where intense accumulation of moisture and heat is noticed. Otherwise, the air will quickly come out. If there are suspended ceilings in the building, you need to think over the ventilation system in advance. If this is not done, an area with a high moisture content will appear above them.

A properly equipped air exchange system in a room with a pool is the key to successful and long-term operation of such a water tank.

Therefore, in order to extend the life of the pool and protect it from premature deformations, it is important to design and install ventilation equipment in time.

The presence of an indoor reservoir in the house requires the arrangement of a system for removing water condensate outside the building. Proper ventilation of the pool allows you to increase the wear resistance of the structure of the house. Its creation requires taking into account many components. After reading this article, the reader will learn about the main ways to maintain the desired microclimate in the pool, the rules for designing and calculating the moisture removal system.

Why do swimming pools need to reduce the level of humidity

In the room where the pool is located, there is always an excess of moisture. Water molecules are constantly evaporating, this physical process cannot be stopped. Particles fall on walls, ceilings, windows, decorative elements, condense on surfaces with a lower temperature.

High humidity creates certain problems for residents.

Discomfort. Being in a room becomes uncomfortable: people may experience a lack of oxygen, it becomes difficult to breathe. In this case, being and swimming in the pool will not bring relaxation and pleasant emotions. Windows will fog up, outerwear will become damp.
Damage to interior items and equipment. Moisture will settle on various things, including electrical equipment, causing it to fail.
Corrosion. All metal structures in the room are quickly covered with rust and destroyed.
Rapid wear of room decoration materials. Due to condensation, the paint gradually fades, stains appear. The plaster begins to swell and collapse.
Reproduction of pathogenic bacteria and fungus. Heat, together with high humidity, leads to the active spread of molds, the appearance of microorganisms that are harmful to health.

The ventilation of the pool in the cottage solves all these problems in a natural way. Removing excess moisture increases the life of the entire structure of the house, interior decoration and helps maintain the health of residents.

microclimate requirements

The Russian authorities have adopted a set of building codes, according to which it is possible to create swimming pools in private homes. Details of them can be found in the 3rd section of the SNiP "On public buildings and structures" and, specifically, in the reference manual "Design of pools".

The main priority of the moisture and air removal system in rooms with water tanks is to maintain an acceptable level of humidity in the internal environment. Together with other factors, it should also solve the problem of removing excess heat in the required volume.

The main requirements are shown in the following table.

The maximum permissible humidity level is 65%.

Ventilation in a room with a pool should not allow the formation of stagnant zones, from where moisture will not be removed.

Types of pool ventilation systems in a private house

The two most common ventilation installations are described below:

supply and exhaust;
with air separation.

Supply and exhaust ventilation

The supply and exhaust ventilation system for the pool allows you to evenly remove air saturated with moisture, carbon dioxide, chlorine and other substances harmful to health, and replace them with fresh air. The possibility of drafts is excluded.

In the conditions of the Russian climate, it is advisable to purchase additional equipment - a heat recuperator, which helps to reduce energy consumption by more than 50%. The recuperator uses the available heat in moisture and gases to heat cold air masses from outside.

The system consists of the following parts:

fan for drawing in and drawing out air;
a valve that does not allow cold masses to enter the room after the equipment is turned off;
recuperator;
air dryer.

Some models are also equipped with filters to clean the incoming masses.

A diagram of such a ventilation system is shown in the figure:

Installation is simple, suitable even for rooms with a small area. This ventilation is not connected to the house exhaust system, which makes installation easier. All equipment is located in one block. The recuperator allows you to quickly recoup the cost of purchasing equipment.

Ventilation with air separation

It is somewhat more complicated, since different components of the system are involved in the inflow and outflow of air masses.

The supply of fresh air and the removal of air saturated with moisture and gases occur simultaneously. This is possible through the use of several fans and a device for the intake of used air.

Installation of such a ventilation system should be carried out at the stage of building a pool room. It has a larger size, suitable for rooms with a large area and the volume of the water tank.

Consists of the following components:

device for collecting used gases. Usually located on the ceiling in the center of the room. Equipped with exhaust fans and a valve that does not let cold air through when the equipment is turned off;
a set of fans that provide fresh air;
filter for cleaning incoming masses;
a heater for heating them;

The system is controlled by an automatic unit that maintains a constant volume of air at the desired temperature.
The figure shows this ventilation system:

Pool air conditioners are now gaining popularity - these are fully automated devices that maintain the microclimate in the premises in several modes:

heating: built-in thermal equipment warms the air to the required value;
dehumidification. The air entering the pump is cooled, the moisture condenses and is collected in a special container. The dried air mass is in the heat exchanger and is soon fed into the room;
supply of fresh air from outside. It is filtered and heated to a predetermined temperature.

Air conditioners for the pool can significantly improve and automate the ventilation system or even replace it.

What to consider when planning

During the creation of an air exchange project in the pool, it is necessary to take into account various factors and indicators. The first step is to analyze the very design of the room where the tank is located: all the characteristics, quality and features of finishing materials. If necessary, additional equipment for dehumidifying the air must be included in order to prevent rapid deterioration of the structure. It is important to prevent the accumulation of condensate, especially on the surface of the ventilation shaft.

For the subsequent calculation, you will need to find out the values \u200b\u200bof the following indicators:

the size of the entire room;
average attendance of the room (number of people visiting the pool);
the total size of the body of water;
water and air temperature;
average temperature in winter and summer outside;
air temperature directly under the ceiling.

The last point is justified due to the fact that warm air always tends to rise.

Project calculation

The calculation is made using special formulas that will allow you to determine the air exchange rate and other key indicators in a particular situation.

In addition to the above indicators, one should take into account the level of heat and moisture from bathing people, solar exposure, directly to the surface of the water.

Pool ventilation calculation:

1. Formula for determining air exchange.
W=e×F×Pb – PL, where:
e is the evaporation coefficient;
F is the total size of the water surface (in square meters);
Pb is the level of water vapor pressure in the air saturated with moisture at a given temperature (in bar)
PL is the level of water vapor pressure, taking into account the set temperature and the desired humidity (in bar).

2. Formula for determining the air flow rate.
By weight: mL=GW×XB – XN,
By volume: L=GWr×XB – XN, where:
GW is the total volume of moisture evaporation in the room (grams per hour);
XB - the level of humidity in the room with the pool (grams per kilogram);
XN is the moisture level outside the pool room (grams per kilogram);
r - air density at the desired temperature (kilogram per cubic meter)

During the subsequent installation of the moisture and air removal system, these indicators are taken into account - this allows you to increase the wear resistance of the whole house and reduce operating costs.

Summing up

Ventilation in the pool of a private house is a complex system, the design of which requires the calculation of various formulas, knowledge of the correct schemes and features of the impact of moisture on materials. Often, residents order help from specialized companies, but everything can be done by hand. The above information will allow the reader to independently carry out all the work to create a project for his pool, take into account all the features of his situation and anticipate unnecessary costs.

During the construction of swimming pools, many people do not pay attention to the ventilation of the halls, since these are non-residential premises. But the consequences of neglecting this fact can be dangerous for people's health. There is high humidity in the pool hall. Due to its accumulation, mold and fungus form in the room. They pose a danger to human health because they cause infectious and allergic diseases. The accumulation of condensate also affects the condition of the room - the fungus damages the finish and even the walls, leads to the gradual destruction of the building.

Features of the design and organization of the air exchange system in the pool

basin designed to remove excess moisture, provide fresh air, create a favorable microclimate for visitors. Its arrangement is fundamentally different from the system of organizing air exchange in a house / apartment. Home ventilation should:

ensure the supply of quality air to the premises;
output waste streams to the outside.

The scheme of air exchange in the pool

The main purpose of the indoor pool air exchange system is to maintain the relative humidity of the internal environment within the established norms. In addition, the supply of clean air and exhaust exhaust must be organized.

Attention: the task is complicated by the fact that all this must be arranged in such a way that people feel comfortable being naked in the pool hall.

Design of private pools, features

The pool in a private house is built on an individual project, and has its own unique design. The main requirements for it are safety for people and the building, comfort.

As a rule, a separate room on the ground floor of the house is allocated for the pool. The water surface area averages 18-50 m 2 , depth - 4-6 m. Paths up to 3 m wide are made around the reservoir. Brick or glass walls act as building envelopes. A heating system is laid around the perimeter of the room.

The pool in a private house is mainly designed for 2-5 people. According to the mode of use, it can be permanent, seasonal, periodic. When the tank is not in use, it is screened.

pool project

Pool ventilation design: we take into account regulatory requirements

According to the standards in force in the CIS, the temperature of the water in the pool of the mansion should be 30-32°C, the air in the hall - 1-2°C higher. According to European standards, the first indicator is at least 28 ° C. The air temperature in the pool hall should be 2-4°C higher than the water temperature, but not more than 34°C. The most favorable relative humidity is up to 65%. At least 80 m 3 of air per hour should enter the room for one bather. Flow speed - up to 0.2 m/s. Permissible noise level - up to 60 dB.

Attention: in order to exclude air stagnation in the hall, the power of the exhaust unit should be higher than the supply units, but not more than half the multiple exchange.

We determine the optimal relative humidity of the pool in a private house

Although Russian standards allow humidity in the swimming room to be up to 65%, in private homes this figure can be reduced to 45-50%. The reason for this is:

discomfort of people staying in the pool;
condensation on windows, walls.

European standards are focused on the physical comfort of a person. According to them, the upper limit of this state is the humidity of 45-50%.

In order for the ventilation system to cope with the tasks assigned to it, it is built taking into account:

room dimensions;
water surface area;
required air and water temperature;
the number of people who use the pool;
moisture evaporation rate. Warm water evaporates faster than cold water.

Based on these parameters, the equipment of a certain capacity is selected. If the ventilation system is organized incorrectly, condensate will settle on the surfaces of the structure, which will lead to rotting of wooden elements, corrosion of metal, and mold on the walls.

Ways to control humidity in the pool

Air dehumidification

To remove excess moisture from the air in the pool hall, special devices are used - dehumidifiers. Their action is based on the condensation of water vapor on the cooled surfaces. Some models of air dryers are equipped with devices for supplying fresh air from the street. Their productive capacity is small, but this volume of inflow, according to the norms, is enough for one swimmer (80 m 3).

By appointment, air dryers are:

household - compact products designed to remove moisture from a small area. They can be installed on the floor, wall, in a hidden way. There are also channel models installed in air ducts, which partially provide mass flow (up to 30%);
industrial - high-tech systems capable of handling large volumes of air (for example, in public or large private pools).

There are devices that remove excess moisture from the air:

wall-mounted - installed in the pool hall;
channel - mounted inside the air ducts.

The choice of dehumidifier is carried out taking into account the area, individual characteristics of the room. For 1 hour, the unit must pass the humidified air in the room three times.

The circulation of air masses in the pool

Why are dehumidifiers rarely used in swimming pools? This is due to:

high cost of equipment, its maintenance;
noise of the device;
the desire to maintain a high rate of air exchange in the room (in excess of the norm). This will reduce the content of microimpurities in it (for example, chlorine);
non-compliance of equipment with the design of the hall.

Note: duct dehumidifiers do not spoil the design of the pool, they work almost silently, but they are more expensive than wall-mounted dehumidifiers.

The air dehumidification system in the pool is not able to supply fresh air and remove the exhaust air in the required amount. Therefore, it is better to use it in combination with supply and exhaust ventilation.

A high-quality air exchange in the swimming room can be provided by a forced-air supply and exhaust ventilation system. Unpleasant odors that often occur in rooms with high humidity, it eliminates by removing them from the room, a constant supply of fresh air.

Tip: to reduce heat loss in the pool, it is recommended to install a ventilation system with a heat exchanger. This is a special device in which a clean stream is heated to a comfortable temperature due to the heat of the exhausted waste masses. The heat exchanger allows up to 65% of the heat in the room.

Organization of inflow and exhaust air in the pool by force

The supply and exhaust ventilation system is effective if:

provides at least five air exchanges in the pool;
the area of the water surface is small;
the facility is being used infrequently.

This method of ventilation does not provide the required level of humidity all year round. The system works well in winter when the humid air from the pool is replaced by dry air from outside. But in summer, with an increased moisture content in the air, it is impossible to control its level in the swimming room with the help of a supply and exhaust system.

We make calculations

If, according to the norms, the air temperature in the pool should be 30-34˚С all year round, and the humidity should not exceed 65%, then 20-24 g of water will be removed from the room from 1 m 3 of waste mass.

Estimated parameters of moist air (exhaust ventilation)

The degree of moisture saturation of the air coming from the street depends on the season and weather conditions. In winter, in frosty weather, each 1 m 3 of the tributary contains an average of 5 g of water. In summer, the relative humidity of the air outside increases. With one cubic meter of inflow, more than 11 g of water enters the pool room.

Estimated parameters of humid air (supply ventilation)

The difference between the absolute humidity values presented in the tables is the dehumidifying capacity of the supply and exhaust ventilation installed in the bathing room.

Reference: the optimal air humidity in the pool hall in winter should be 55%, in summer - 60%.

Since neither air dehumidification nor the use of forced supply/exhaust installations alone gives the desired effect in the pool hall, it is better to combine these two systems. To do this, the supply and exhaust units are understaffed with a device to remove excess moisture from the air. Depending on the area of the room and the water surface, it can be a wall-mounted or cassette dehumidifier.

Full forced air exchange with a wall-mounted installation to remove excess moisture from the air, it is advisable to install in private pools, the area of the water surface in which is not more than 50 m 2. If this figure is greater, a duct air dryer is used.

Ventilation of the pool depends on the organization of gas exchange in the room - the supply of clean masses and the withdrawal of waste. For the system to work effectively, it is necessary to properly lay the air ducts. The supply of clean air should be carried out in the lower part of the room, and the exhaust air should be pumped out from the top.

Symbiosis of air dryer and mechanical supply and exhaust ventilation

The cross section of the ventilation shafts is selected taking into account the pressure of the wind, gravitational forces, as well as the pressure that the supply fan creates in the system. Air ducts must be equipped with electrically heated anti-freeze check valves, as well as trays in which condensate will be collected for subsequent removal.

Attention: all main nodes of the system must be accessible.

Installation of climatic complexes

In large pools, where the water surface area exceeds 100 m 2, climatic complexes are used to organize air exchange. They are powerful, overall, multifunctional units capable of maintaining a normal microclimate in the room all year round. These complexes provide circulation, dehumidification, purification and heating of air. The equipment is a modular unit, completely ready for installation. They are designed for use in conditions of high humidity, as well as the processing of air in which chlorine vapor is present. The climate complex consists of:

supply and exhaust fans;
recuperator;
air dryer;
filters;
heater;
air valves;
control unit.

Note: equipment can be changed at the request of the customer.

Climate complex

The climate complex operates in several modes. Sensors respond to changes in the air environment in the premises, and the system automatically switches to the appropriate mode of operation - turns on the necessary technical unit. Since the climatic complex is quite large, for its installation it is necessary to allocate a separate room next to the pool (this can be a utility room, or a basement).

Note: this installation is complex and expensive, it fully pays off in 10-15 years. But the climate complex allows you to save on installation and maintenance work.

In order for swimming in the pool to be comfortable and safe for all the inhabitants of the house, it is necessary to take care of the normalization of air exchange in this room. This can be done by laying high-quality ventilation and air dehumidification. Of the above methods of organizing air exchange in the pool, you should choose the one that is most suitable in terms of technical parameters and cost.

From the vast area of the water surface of the pool, water constantly evaporates, droplets settle on the ceiling, windows and walls. In such a humid and warm environment, mold and fungus pathogens feel great. What can not be said about the visitors of the pool. Significant damage is also done to structural elements. Condensation does not just look unattractive, it gradually destroys finishing materials.

Increased humidity in the room leads to the following consequences:

metal structures are covered with rust;
fungus develops.
plastered surfaces swell and collapse;
the painted parts fade, become stained;
the conductivity of insulating materials increases, there is a possibility of electric shocks.

That is why ventilation systems are a must in swimming pools. If we are talking about water parks or indoor sports pools, additional dehumidification is usually required.

Air humidity is one of the most important indicators that determine the quality of ventilation. Humidity is the amount of water vapor per unit volume of air. High humidity makes it difficult for people to breathe. But too dry air in the pool is also a minus. Intensively evaporating, the water cools the bodies of swimmers, causing discomfort.

When designing the ventilation of the pool, the mode of its operation, the climatic conditions of the area and the wishes of the customer are taken into account. The peculiarity of the ventilation of pools is that the design parameters are significantly influenced by the temperature of water and air.

The microclimate of the swimming pool

The maximum amount of water that air can take in at a given temperature is called saturation moisture. An increase in air temperature entails an increase in the level of this indicator. The level of moisture in the air is determined by the mass in grams divided by 1 kg of air. If the saturation humidity threshold is passed, the excess settles on the walls, glass, and ceiling.

Before you make ventilation in the pool, you should reduce the evaporation of moisture, for which a certain combination of water and air temperature is achieved.

The air temperature is 1-2 degrees higher than the water temperature.

The minimum amount of moisture evaporates, which means that less powerful equipment is needed for pool ventilation. When the air and water temperatures are equal, the saturation point is reached with an air humidity of 100%.

But in order for people in the pool to feel comfortable, the humidity should be from 50 to 65%. This indicator can be achieved only by means of a mechanical ventilation unit for the pool.

Evaporation is somewhat reduced if the surface of the water is covered with special blinds. Covered water almost does not evaporate and does not cool due to evaporation.

For comparison:

2.3 liters evaporate from an open mirror of water per hour;
from closed - 1.2 liters per hour.

That is, resource savings are ensured during the operation of the pool.

Ways to reduce humidity in the pool room

It is impossible to completely prevent the evaporation of moisture in the pool. But it is quite possible to reduce it by installing a dehumidifier, supply and exhaust ventilation, or a combination of both methods.

Reducing air humidity can be carried out in two ways:

condensation;
assimilation.

Moisture condensation in the pool

The air is forced through the dryer where it reaches its dew point temperature. Moisture condenses, after which the air is heated to the desired temperature and returned to the room.

Such installations are good for ventilating a pool in a cottage, where it is impossible to implement an inflow-blowing system. The design is equipped with a hygrostat, which starts the compressor when the humidity reaches a certain reading. As soon as the humidity drops, the hygrostat stops the compressor. The fan may continue to rotate.

Condensing type dryers are:

Wall-mounted, which are hung on the walls. They can be installed in a pre-finished room;

wall hidden. All the equipment is hidden in the adjoining room, only the fence grate goes into the pool room. It is necessary to plan such a pool ventilation system in a private house at the construction stage;

Stationary. These are powerful installations that require a special room. They can be included in the supply and exhaust ventilation system for the swimming pool of the sports complex. The stationary dehumidifier allows mixing 1/5 of the air volume. Air supply and exhaust are provided by a system of air channels. Having equipped the system with a duct heater, we get full ventilation.

Assimilation of moisture in the pool

Supply and exhaust systems work according to this principle, using the property of air to absorb water vapor. With approximate calculations, a 5-fold air exchange per hour is laid.

Often, in temperate latitudes, only ventilation is enough to maintain the necessary microclimate in a small private pool. But when calculating the ventilation of the pools of sports or entertainment complexes, a dehumidifier is indispensable. Especially if they are located in places with a hot climate.

The assimilation method is good because the air is cleared of unpleasant odors. Its most significant drawback is its dependence on the weather. If the humidity of the atmospheric air is high, then it will not absorb moisture when it enters the pool room. However, in many cases this scheme is used in practice.

The second significant drawback is that the supply air must be heated. This is especially noticeable in the cold season, when a maximum of electricity is spent on heating.

Combined Pool Dehumidification Method

Optimal type of dehumidification and ventilation installation for pools with intensive use and large areas. Experts recommend using both a dehumidifier and forced ventilation. Systems can be independent, not connected in any way, or form a common microclimate maintenance system.

This is expensive equipment that justifies itself only in pools with an area of at least 50 square meters. meters.

Ways to maintain air temperature and remove odors in the pool

The air temperature in the pool room must be maintained above atmospheric. For this, a heating system is installed. The air coming from the supply ducts is heated to a temperature maintained by the heating system. However, ventilation equipment is not intended for space heating.

Air heating in this case does not justify itself, since the intensive movement of air accelerates the evaporation of water. It can only be used as an additional one if the main heating cannot cope.

If the room is abundantly glazed, the pool is located in the southern region, and air conditioning is additionally provided.

In intensively visited large pools, natural ventilation is powerless, so forced air movement methods are used. They provide a stable temperature, fresh air supply, elimination of unpleasant odors and comfort for visitors.

The most effective method to ensure the best conditions in the pool is the installation of supply and exhaust ventilation.

Advantages of the supply and exhaust system:

supply of fresh air;
excess moisture is removed from the atmosphere of the pool room.

The system is equipped with an air dryer, and excess heat is removed to the street. It is autonomous and is not connected with the air exchange of the rest of the building. Ventilation ducts are made of materials that are resistant to moisture. The equipment is controlled by automation that maintains a constant temperature and a mixture of clean air.

Air from the street before being supplied to the room is filtered, cooled or heated, and its humidity also changes depending on the specified parameters.

Microclimate parameters for the swimming pool:

water temperature +26 - 31 degrees;
air temperature +27 - 32 degrees;
humidity from 50 to 65%;
air exchange per visitor 80 cubic meters per hour;
air speed up to 0.2 meters per second;
concentration of chlorine molecules up to 0.1 milligrams per cubic meter of air.

Water temperature in pools at saunas:

hot +35 degrees;
cold +15 degrees.

Possibility of heat recovery in the pool

The ventilation system of the pool in a cottage or water park with heat recovery will save significant money on heating the supplied air. The heat exchanger uses the heat from the exhaust air to heat the fresh air. The heat exchanger can have a lamellar design, rotary or work on the principle of a heat pump.

Recuperation in the summer allows you to cool the air supplied inside. On average, the savings are about 70% per year. The unit is equipped with filters and a heater, which, if necessary, brings the air temperature to the required one (for example, in winter).

Pool Ventilation Design Rules

Designing the ventilation of a swimming pool is a rather complex process that takes into account many nuances. Properly planning the ventilation of the pool with your own hands will only be possible with a specialist.

When calculating the ventilation of the pool, the following should be taken into account:

moist and heated air masses rush to the ceiling;
Condensation settles on all cool surfaces.

You can install equipment for ventilation of any pool both in the adjacent room and under the bowl itself, around it, on top or on the wall. Often, supply grilles are placed around the pool or on its two sides, contributing to the speedy displacement of the exhausted moist air up to the hood.

An important component in the operation of the supply and exhaust ventilation of the pool is the outside air. Its temperature affects the performance and power consumption of the system. In cold weather, the air is cold and dry; in hot weather, it is humid and warm. Thus, the ability to regulate air exchange allows you to create a comfortable microclimate without spending extra resources.

Adjustment is carried out with the help of fans that increase or decrease the intensity of blowing and the volume of moving air masses. Either manual or automatic control is used.

Another important pool ventilation parameter in calculations is the supply air temperature. It is heated by electric heaters before entering the room, and a well-calculated temperature allows you to save on heating the hall.

Design features of pool ventilation in cottages

When designing the ventilation of the pool of a private house, the following features are taken into account:

water temperature in the pool according to domestic standards +30 - 32 degrees, according to European standards +28;
the air temperature according to European standards exceeds the water temperature by 2 - 4 degrees, according to domestic standards by 1 - 2 degrees;
air outflow can prevail over inflow by 0.5 times;
the noise level from operating installations should not exceed 60 decibels;
in the pool bathes, as a rule, no more than 2 people at a time;
the use of the pool is episodic, not long-term;
Blinds and curtains for the water mirror are widely used.

As equipment for pool ventilation, supply and exhaust units are used, which can be separate, but always autonomous from the main air duct system of the house.

When placing supply grilles around the pool, discomfort is created from the movement of air masses, which is understandable, given the small area of \u200b\u200bthe room.

It is advisable to use dual-mode installations: the supply is started separately from the exhaust. When the pool is not in use, it is enough to ensure the outflow of moist air from the room.

Many customers require inconspicuous ventilation in the pool that does not violate the design and architecture.

Selection of equipment and automation of pool ventilation

The selection of the scheme and equipment for the ventilation of the pool in the cottage is based on careful calculations. Any factors that change the rate of evaporation are taken into account:

pool area;
temperature of water and air in the room;
calculated indicators of humidity;
visiting mode;
the number of visitors;
the presence of water coverage;
the volume of the hall in which the pool is located.

Pool ventilation calculations also require data on the average humidity and temperature in the cold and warm seasons.

An automated control system allows you to set the necessary parameters once and no longer remember about the ventilation of the pool of your private house. The electronics itself will determine the volume of inflow, outflow in the event of a change in temperature or humidity.

Possibilities of automation systems:

start or stop ventilation (at a certain time or depending on the characteristics of the air);
humidity and temperature control;
protection of equipment from power surges;
notification of violations in the operation of the equipment;
integration into the "smart home" system.

Pool air conditioners

Beautifully decorate the pool is a matter of fine taste

This is the embodiment of the latest technologies that allow you to purchase equipment for pool ventilation with your own hands. Pool air conditioners create the required microclimate, are fully automated and operate in the following modes:

Room heating. The built-in thermal register allows you to warm up the air in the hall where the pool is located;
Air dehumidification. The process takes place in the heat pump, where the air temperature drops to the dew point and drops of moisture are deposited on the walls of the evaporator, flowing into a condensate collection tank. Further, the air enters the heat exchanger and is warmed before being supplied to the room;
Fresh air mix. This function allows the air conditioner to completely replace the pool ventilation scheme, supplying heated and filtered air into the room. Warming up occurs due to heat recovery from the exhaust air;
Summer mode. If the ambient air temperature exceeds the room temperature, this mode starts;
Enhanced dehumidification. This mode is included in the ventilation scheme of the private pool as desired. It is necessary in areas with high atmospheric humidity.

The conditioner allows to make ventilation in the pool simple in management and installation. For a country house, this is ideal. But there are also more powerful models for therapeutic or public pools. The technologies used allow minimizing operating costs. The power of the fans, as well as the operation of all other nodes, is controlled by an electronic switch.

The block of the conditioner is protected from corrosion by polymeric material and is warmed.

The control is carried out by a remote control equipped with a screen, as well as an additional remote control. The screen displays information about the temperature and humidity of the room. Many models are equipped with modems that allow remote control.

Such systems allow you to very accurately maintain the microclimate in the room, providing high-quality ventilation of the pool. With his own hands, the owner can choose the appropriate equipment.

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