Do-it-yourself wooden porch. How to build a wooden porch - a beautiful and functional extension for entering the house Concrete porch scheme

The house always begins with a porch, this is its main entrance, this is its business card, one might say. And, at the same time, the final chord of construction. Point in the work done. In addition, it has a purely functional purpose - protecting the entrance from wind, rain, snow, so it must be beautiful, comfortable, and durable. Of course, the design should not conflict with the design of the whole house. A powerful red brick building will look strange at wooden house with carved shutters, for example. But a wooden object attached to a brick house can well serve as its decoration. If the house is small, then the porch should not be made a kind of monument that outweighs the proportions of a private house. And most importantly: a house without this element has an unfinished look.

How to build a porch for a private house with your own hands

There are a lot of options for construction and materials. Choose the most suitable for you, prepare everything you need and get to work.

Wooden

It is easy to assemble the design of such a porch

The simplest wooden structure can be made by yourself, even if there are no special skills in construction. Let's choose a structure first.

There are three main types: simplified, built-in and attached porch. A simplified design is a platform and a canopy over the entrance. Consider the most common option: a platform, steps and a protective visor, which is located above the door.

Porch option with a small terrace

Even for such an easy and simple structure, we need. It will not be difficult at all, because for such a wooden porch we can make a foundation of piles. We will impregnate the support bars with an antiseptic. Having calculated where the supports should be, we will dig holes under them to a depth of 80–90 cm. We immerse the supports in these holes strictly vertically, checking for level. At 30 cm, we fill the hole with gravel first, compact it tightly, then a layer of soil, and then concrete.

For the porch you need to make a foundation

After the cement is completely dry, you need to level all the supports in height, make cuts for spikes, sockets and other preparatory work.

Making steps

Now it's time to choose the bowstring on which the steps will be located. It is of two types: with embedded steps and with carved ledges. Since the second option is simpler, we will do it. Let's pick up a few thick edged boards for the bowstring and oblique angles. The length must be chosen in accordance with the number of steps. The rules here are simple: quantity:

Oblique angles are needed so that the steps have additional internal supports. On first edged board using a construction square, mark the profile of the stairs. We cut off the excess and use the first board as a template for preparing the rest of the details.

The bowstrings are attached to the lags with a tenon-groove connection, for which a transverse board with selected grooves must be nailed to the lags, and spikes should be cut at the ends of the oblique angles and bowstrings. After the bowstrings and oblique angles are fixed on the logs, it is necessary to install their lower ends on a fortified and leveled platform. Now the frame of the future staircase for the porch is ready. It's time to lay the floor and steps. Boards for the floor of the site should be tried to be laid as tightly as possible so that cracks do not appear when drying out. After the site is ready, it is necessary to install risers and treads, which are also connected according to the “thorn-groove” principle, like the riser with a bowstring: this will give the joints the very rigidity that is needed. Here, in fact, everything is ready.

If there are more than three steps in the porch staircase, it is worth making a railing.

Installation steps

Concrete

concrete porch

We count materials. The volume of concrete required for pouring depends on the width and height of the structure, as well as on the number of steps. If we make concrete on our own, then we must remember that for 1 cubic meter. m concrete is coming 340 kg of concrete, 1.05 cu. m of sand and 0.86 cubic meters. m of rubble. It is also necessary to calculate the necessary waterproofing and fittings. If the frame is reinforcing, then 2 bars of reinforcement go to each step.

The porch of their concrete base

We make the foundation for the future porch. At the place where we will arrange the object, it is necessary to dig a small pit with a depth of 30–40 centimeters. We fill a layer of gravel 10 cm to the bottom and carefully tamp it down, a layer of sand on top, and then moisten it so that the sand completely clogs all the gaps between the gravel.

We make a frame formwork. We will install plank formwork on the sides. You can use plywood or chipboard for formwork. The main thing is that the formwork should follow the shape of the steps. We strengthen the formwork with the help of pegs and spacers. The formwork must be leveled in height and level. We cut pieces of boards equal to the length and width of the risers and nail them to the formwork itself. The entire formwork must be treated from the inside with a lubricant so that the concrete does not stick to the tree. Roofing felt must be laid down to waterproof the concrete.

Step by step construction steps concrete stairs

Please note: the steps of the stairs must be made with a slight slope so that water flows freely from them.

We reinforce the formwork. This is necessary so that the concreted sections have a rigid structure. It is better not to spare reinforcement during the construction of a concrete structure. Approximately 150 meters of reinforcing bars will go to a medium-sized porch. In order to make a canopy and railings in the future, it is necessary to leave outlets from the corner or pipes on each side.

Strapping preparation

We concrete. The prepared concrete solution is placed in the formwork. You need to start from the bottom step, evenly distributing the solution and constantly tamping. In no case should you leave empty spaces. After the entire formwork is filled, we level the surface and now it is necessary for the structure to dry for about a week. After that, you can remove the formwork and start finishing this object.

Staircase with forged elements

Metal with forged elements

A metal staircase can decorate both a brick and a wooden house. Starting to build a metal porch, you should also first make a sketch. It makes it easier to calculate the amount required material and avoid mistakes when assembling parts.

A simple staircase with forging elements

Decide on the size of the stairs. It is necessary to calculate everything in such a way that two people can safely disperse on it, and the steps are convenient for descent and ascent.

• the width of the stairs must be at least 1 meter;
• the number of steps is odd;
• stairs - from 26˚ to 45˚;
• the height of the steps should be from 12 to 20 cm;
• the width of each step is not less than 25 cm;
• the overhang of one step over the other should be about 30 mm.

Just like under any other, you need to lay it under a metal porch.

The metal structure consists of three elements: the staircase itself, the railing to it and the visor, the stairs are usually made from channels.

Arrangement of the entrance to the house

Consider one of the options for the design of a metal staircase, which we will do on our own. Let's prepare two channels equal in length to the future stairs. We put them on the width of the future stairs, say, 1 meter apart. Now you need to mark and cut the corner to the size of the step, not forgetting to make an allowance for the weld. We weld one end along the office to the channel. Then we take the next cut piece of the corner and weld it along the office to the previous corner, then to the channel. So gradually weld all the corners.

Installation of the base of the metal staircase

Now you can connect L-shaped elements to each other equal-shelf corner. Please note that the bottom of each step is connected by a corner with a shelf outward. You can fill the steps with any suitable material: wood, porcelain stoneware, chipboard, plywood. It is better to fix with self-tapping screws and silicone glue.

Entrance staircase with canopy or closed

For such a porch, the foundation is especially important. Of course, it is best if it is planned along with the whole house. But there are often times when it is attached to an existing house, in which case we call it an "extension".

Seating area near the entrance to the house

Closed entrance to the house

One way or another, the extension is a fundamental structure. Therefore, having calculated the parameters of the glazed porch area, we fill the foundation under it. Of course, the glazed extension is not for permanent residence with heavy furniture. Therefore, the foundation can be made pile. After the foundation is prepared, all the strappings are made, the concrete is completely dry, you can lay out the walls. We choose the material so that it does not contradict the design of the house. Of course, this is a frame building. The frame can be made from wooden beams, from metal profile. Some owners, wanting to make the porch more capital, lay out such a porch of brick, timber. If we talk about frame construction, then it is certainly cheaper and much easier to install.

Frame extensions are of two types: frame-panel and frame-frame. In the first case, the panels are already ready, you just need not be too lazy to assemble them; in the second case, the fitting is done on the spot.

The main work has been done. Now we need to do the glazing and the door. For glazing we use - wooden or plastic. We order the door with glass and according to the verified dimensions. We choose the stairs from all possible options.

The glazed porch-veranda is very convenient because in the summer you can sit here and drink tea in bad weather, and in winter, when you enter the house, you don’t drag snow with you.

Porch construction scheme

The steps should be 30 cm long and 16 cm high, but do not forget that when making the first step, it is necessary to take into account the addition of sand and tiles. Because of this, the first stage is always slightly higher than the others.

Brickwork in the construction of the porch

Very often, cinder blocks remain after construction. They can be laid in the foundation: it will be stronger, and we will dispose of the remains of cinder concrete.

We lay out the porch platform from the brick. At the same time, we are laying the side wall, which can immediately be overlaid facing material- brick, for example. Gradually we form the steps with the help of the filling and face brick. In the middle we lay out two rows of backing bricks, and lay out the outer part with a facing brick.

So, gradually form the rest of the steps. Don't forget to process the brick special tool from salt stains. After the masonry is completed, we complete the construction or finishing bricks. For fastening we use special glue. We complete the construction of the visor device.

Video: building a brick porch

Equip nearby small flower garden, put a planter or flowerpots with flowers. Add unusual cute little things to complete the look.

When building a house, they think about the porch the least of all, and often they begin to equip it at the final stage. The main frame of the building has been built, the entrance doors have been hung, the walls have been finished, only then they begin to solve problems with the design of the entrance to the house. In the total scope of work on the construction and design of the entrance, the main part is the decoration and laying of the decor, so they are carried out after the facade has been built and all the main “dirty” construction work has been completed. Up to this point, instead of steps, the house has a knocked-down shield of boards on which it is convenient to roll a wheelbarrow, and instead of a canopy, a tarpaulin stretched more for insurance against a random brick than real protection from the sun.

What determines the choice of a porch for a house

In a new house, the porch is almost always built from the same materials and in the same way as the main building. The porch will turn out to be reliable and fully consistent with the main spirit and style of the house. In addition, this method will be cheaper than building a porch from specially ordered building materials.

Over the next six months, the owners of the house will take a long time to get used to the new porch and, quite possibly, it will have to be completed, or even rebuilt. individual parts according to the tastes and habits of the inhabitants. After a real run-in of all the little things, a long and painstaking work begins to improve individual nuances, for example, these:

The porch gradually begins to acquire a mass of useful little things, a couple of lounge chairs, a table or even a couch, you will need to build the logic of the arrangement of things a little differently.

Simple and comfortable porch - it's easy

It is quite simple to build a beautiful porch, for this it is often enough to skillfully “tie” the option you like and have a clear idea of ​​\u200b\u200bbeauty. Building a porch is even a little easier, and the process largely depends on the practical experience of using a particular project.

How to build a main porch support

The heavier and more solid the porch structure that is planned to be built for the house, the more effort and attention must be paid to the correct planning and organization of the supporting support for the extension.

For the foundation of the porch frame, stairs and entrance platform, you can use one of the options:

1. Build a porch frame on a frame, supported by screw or concrete piles;
2. Lay out a carrier box from a cinder block or brick on a strip foundation made of concrete;
3. For the corner elements of the porch, the structure can be built on the foundation of the house with the removal of the lower support of the stairs to the foundation lintel;
4. Build a porch on horizontal beams laid in the base of the house box at the floor level of the first floor.

Any of the listed options has its pros and cons, so it would be right to choose the optimal scheme for a specific house project. For one-story house or a cottage for a summer cottage, a porch can be built using a concrete slab with fixing posts as a base. For a heavy two-story brick house you will need, as in the photo, to build a full-fledged mini-foundation under the porch with all the attributes.

How to build a porch in the easiest way

An exception, perhaps, will be a beautiful porch in the country. Unlike most housing construction, the dacha has enough materials to work with the frame and foundation. Building a small beautiful porch to the front door in the country is quite simple if you use stilted supports, as in the photo.

If the cottage has its own concrete or brick foundation, strong brick walls and the age of construction is more than 20 years, it is quite possible to build an easy wooden porch with a simple binding to the finished base. From the above photo, the very idea of ​​\u200b\u200bsuch a building in the country becomes clear.

Important! A similar option can be used to build a wooden vestibule of a porch or stairs, provided there are no cracks in brickwork walls.

What can be built on piles

More universal way build a porch in the country house or even for a heavier brick two-story house is the use in the construction of a supporting frame made of piles, preferably screw or reinforced concrete. According to the scheme shown in the photo, you can get a complete picture of the advantages of the pile scheme.

This option is most often used for summer cottages, which are located in close proximity to water bodies, or are located in areas with high level ground water. Driving and wrapping piles, as practice shows, is quite simple with your own hands. At the same time, piles practically do not affect the state of the foundation of the house, and most importantly, the size of the entrance area, unlike the previous version, can be infinitely large. In this way, you can build or expand an existing structure to the dimensions summer terrace in the country, as in the photo.

The possibilities of pile supports are not limited to a light terrace. Depending on the design and thickness, the screw pile support can withstand loads of several tons. If desired, with the help of piles, you can build the entire structure of the cottage above the ground.

How to build a porch on a concrete base

In construction, it is not always necessary to build an entrance with a wide entrance area more suitable for country house or places of rest. For the most part, they try to equip the entrance from the street on a brick or concrete base, with stone steps facing decorative tiles or boot. As a rule, a similar option is chosen for the porch of an office space, trade establishments, in general, in all cases when the ladder is under enormous load.

Besides, concrete base allows you to apply a rigid seal of steel tubular or forged railings and railings, as in the photo, which significantly increases their strength and reliability.

Classic porch support

Build the entrance to the house concrete base not difficult, but quite laborious. For these purposes, the traditional version of the formation of a strip foundation with a gravel cushion, sand drainage and waterproofing is used. Most often, for a concrete staircase, a depth of 20-30 cm of the space poured with concrete is sufficient. As can be seen from the photo, at the intermediate stage, pieces of steel wire and reinforcement are necessarily embedded in the tape in order to avoid cracks and build a thinner and stiffer support.

Most often, the foundation fill is made in the form of a box or in the form of the letter P, the latter option is less stable, since the main load from the flight of stairs usually falls on the base under the uppermost steps.

Steps can be built from bricks or cast from reinforced concrete. As a rule, a porch with a brick staircase exerts several times less pressure on the ground adjacent to the foundation than cast concrete structures. brick options most often used in simple porch structures, especially in cases where the staircase itself is integrated into the building structure.

Comment! Often, the entire structure of a concrete staircase is pre-welded from reinforcement, as in the photo, and after installation wooden form poured with one concrete mass.

The use of a concrete support for the stairs and porch makes it possible to build a structure that is very high, with a heavy canopy and a mass of decorative elements made of glass and natural stone as in the photo. In this case, the porch is not threatened by a roll or warping of the frame, if only the foundation of the building is done correctly.

Building a porch on a concrete slab

There is also a simplified option for using a concrete foundation. If the porch does not contain massive and heavy elements, it is easier to build it from hollow brick on the foundation of concrete slab, 10-15 cm thick. In this case, a small pit is prepared to the depth of the core, as in the photo, into which the future porch frame is placed from reinforcement and poured with concrete.

The minimum depth of the pit for pouring practically does not affect the foundation of the building itself, and big square plate reduces the already small cushion pressure on the ground to a minimum level.

Modern construction methods also make it possible not to build the entire staircase from concrete, but to cast individual parts, for example, supports or the steps themselves on brick bases. In this case, not wooden formwork is often used, but ready-made collapsible forms made of steel and polymeric materials. For decoration, the future surface of the steps can be finished with crushed natural stone chips. After pouring and hardening of cement, the corrugated surface of stone chips is ground to a state of medium roughness.

On the resulting concrete cushion of clinker hollow bricks spread flight of stairs porches, welded to steel reinforcement vertical racks. To avoid subsidence and roll, at the base of the concrete pad, before pouring, a dozen pieces of reinforcement are hammered to a depth of at least 40-50 cm. These peculiar anchors must be welded to the steel frame of the foundation slab.

The basis for the porch must be laid in the building project

Quite often the porch's brick house perform with a corner location of the entrance to the house, as in the photo. At the same time, at the stage of preparing and laying the foundation for the building, in the corner segments of the strip foundation, increased concrete pads rigidly connected to the main frame of the foundation. In the future, these sites are connected with a concrete jumper. desired shape and the size on which, in fact, the entire structure of the porch will be based.

Conclusion

As practice shows, building a porch to the house is not special work. The more complex and heavier the porch construction, the more massive the foundation needs to be built. But in all cases without exception of the use of concrete supporting structures, the foundation of the porch should never be rigidly connected to the foundation of the building. After a certain period of time, shrinkage processes will occur, and the resulting gap will need to be sealed with a mixture based on silicone or other material with sufficiently high elastic characteristics.

It's difficult to imagine private house without built porch. The process of its construction may be different. The best option is the casting of the foundations of the house and the porch at the same time. However, steps are often thought about after the building has been built.

In this case, the porch is attached, for which three types of materials are used - wood, metal, concrete.

How to build a porch

Attaching a porch to the house with our own hands is quite within the power of many of us. When you decide on the direction of the steps (they can go in one, two or three directions at the same time), you need to choose the height of the porch. It is desirable that it be lowered by 50-70 mm in relation to the border of the doorway.

There are two points to be taken into account here:

• lock exception door leaf, opening outward;
• preventing water from entering the house after rainfall

Calculation of the dimensions of the upper platform

For outward-facing doors, an upper platform should be prepared with a depth exceeding the width of the door leaf by 300-400 mm. At the same time, there are also GOST requirements - the size of the site must be at least 1.5 times larger than the opening. For example, you installed a door that is 900 mm wide, then the size of the platform must be over 1350 mm.

Step design

When determining the parameters of the stairs, you can focus on the recommended step size of 15-20 cm. If you divide the height of the porch by this size, you can get the required number of steps.

Of course, you are unlikely to get an integer. Therefore, you can vary the height of the steps within the recommended limit by distributing the excess between them. Or provide a small step at the very beginning of the stairs. But the width of each segment can be in the range of 30-40 cm.

There are also the following recommendations: if you sum up the tread value with a double step value, then the result should be 600-640 mm. For example, when designing steps with a height of 175 mm and a tread of 280 mm, the resulting value will be 170 * 2 + 280 = 630 mm, which fully corresponds to the criterion under consideration.

Foundation selection

The heavier the designed porch for a private house will be, the more powerful the foundation is required. If for relatively light wooden and metal structures you can limit yourself to a pile or columnar foundation, then a concrete or brick structure will require a strip foundation or a monolithic slab.

It is also important to understand whether you will connect the foundations of the house and the porch. You need to focus on the characteristics of the extension itself and the features of the soil. If you do not tie, then you need to be prepared for the formation of cracks at the junction, for example, due to frost, which will cause the structure to skew. Repairs may be required in the future.

A bonded base also does not guarantee the absence of cracks. They can appear in the array of the porch itself. Since not always reinforced reinforcement can cover the difference in the loads of the house and extension.

This version of the base is recommended if the construction of the house and the porch are massive enough. For example, when the latter is made of reinforced concrete. This requires a high-quality bond using reinforcement with a diameter of 12-16 mm, driven into pre-made holes in the foundation. Then the frame is built.

Selection of staircase design

Stairs can be built on bowstrings or stringers. Wood, metal or combinations, including with concrete, are used for manufacturing.

The bowstring option is suitable for wooden or small house. Attachment goes like this. Inner surface the bowstring is connected to the support bars.

For metal parts, welding is used in a horizontal plane, and for wood, a simple nailing of the bars with the subsequent attachment of a step is suitable. It is also permissible to cut recesses in the bowstring for the installation of steps.

The use of stringers may involve the use of open supports. To do this, cut out triangles at the top of the board, the base of which will be the support for the step.

If you have chosen the method of cutting the stringer, then you will need to be guided by the height of the step and the width of the tread. It is advisable to connect them at an angle of 90 degrees. Many experienced craftsmen it is recommended to first make a general template, which will be used in subsequent work.

Remember you need to choose the right number of stringers. It depends on the parameters of the ladder itself and the thickness of the board.

For thin boards, more frequent installation of stringers will be required. For example, a 25 mm board assumes a distance between supports of up to 60 mm. Deflection should be avoided.

Porch structures from different materials

There are several options for choosing the material for the extension. You must decide on the design of the porch yourself, based on the type of house, the characteristics of the soil and your own preferences.

wooden porch

This is a fairly popular material for the manufacture of extensions. of this type. It is recommended to use hard wood, such as oak. Larch, spruce and other conifers are also suitable for you. True, special impregnation is required.

The carrier beam is installed first. In it, teeth are pre-cut, on the horizontal edges of which steps are placed. This beam is called a kosour and serves as an additional support. A distance of 500 mm is left between the stringers. Their number will depend on the intervals specified by the project.

To equip the bowstring, take a thicker board. Two bowstrings should be fastened with crossbars. In between, stringers are attached to the beams.

Cutting out the ribs on which the steps will be fixed is done using a square. Mistakes can lead to subsidence and swelling of the steps.

The width of the step should provide convenience to residents. And their number is preferably odd - so you get an additional stiffener. Oh, and don't forget the railings. Their presence is desirable if the number of steps is more than three.

The presence of an overhang is determined by the overall design. If you have glazing or reliable weather protection, then its presence is optional. But at the same time, the overhang itself allows water to drain onto the plane of the lower step, and prevents it from falling into the grooves after rolling down the riser.

When you will mount the porch to wooden house on the foundation, it is possible, due to pressure on the lower beam of the stringer, to form a small trench. Of course, if the concrete has not yet hardened. This will increase the strength of the stairs. For arrangement top platform a board is taken that has convenient dimensions. It is necessary to clearly adjust the joints, to exclude the occurrence of deformations in the future.

Metal structure

Such an extension looks quite elegant. But you will need the ability to work with welding equipment and the use of standard parts. And the cost will not be too high. Although the use of forged parts will increase the cost and require pre-ordering of forging elements.

A simplified version of the design is mounted using channels and corners. And then install the fill material, for example, wooden planks or chipboard of increased strength.

The channels are fixed parallel to each other. The distance is selected in accordance with the designed length of the steps. A corner is made to the size of the steps. It is advisable to provide a margin of up to 1 cm additionally along the edges for the seam.

Similarly, a part of the corner is cut off, corresponding to the height between the steps. Then, in the form of the letter "G", they are connected by welding and attached to the channel. At the output, oblique corners are made of metal, which are connected in pairs by corners.

Use of concrete

The fabricated structure will be connected directly to the foundation. Each step requires high-quality reinforcement in order to avoid destruction of the material. First, formwork is created for the bottom step. It is recommended that the height of the first step be 15-20 mm larger than the others.

The subsequent elements are made in the same way as laying the foundation. Each of them is securely reinforced with a mesh, and the transition to the next level is carried out after the concrete has dried at the previous level. Rough tile or stone is then laid on top of the concrete.

You can evaluate the benefits of using each type of material from the photo of the porch. Appearance, the quality of construction and durability in operation are important factors choice of design solution.

Visor arrangement

The owner of a country house can decorate his home if he builds a canopy over the porch of the house. This element will be an excellent protection against bad weather. And you can use pipes made of metal, wooden beam for the frame. Sheathing is also made of metal, wood and plexiglass.

The visor is mounted on piles pre-mounted in the base. Tiles are often used for covering or a metal sheet, although now polycarbonate is gaining popularity. Be sure to provide a slope, on the lower edge of which a gutter is attached by welding.

Even a novice master can make a porch with his own hands. It is necessary to properly design this structure and perform the work in stages, adhering to the basic instructions.

Photo of the porch to the house

The porch is the first thing guests see, it can be considered calling card any home. The design of the porch gives the impression not only of the house, but also of its owner. And the neater and more attractive it looks, the better.

AT decorative purposes sculptures, flowers, columns, carved balusters are often used. But at the same time, you need to take into account the general style. Suppose a chic stone porch is not suitable for a simple wooden house, and, on the contrary, for a huge brick building a small wooden porch will look ridiculous.

The main components of the structure are:

• steps;
• railing;
• Visor;
• Playground.

Varieties of porches

There are many types of porches. They vary in size, materials from which they are made, additional elements and functionality.

Let's start with the most common. It is suitable for small house or cottages. It's the easiest to build.

brick porch will look organically next to a brick house. However, when proper decoration, you can do this for a wooden house and buildings sheathed with other materials.

Porch with columns not suitable for every home. Firstly, because it is not easy to fit into the overall design. Secondly, not many materials in style are combined with columns. Columns fit well into a brick or stone building.

glazed porch especially true for cold climates. Designing it is more difficult than usual, but in terms of its functionality, such a porch surpasses the main types.

Porch design

Before proceeding directly to the construction, it is necessary, at least, to have in mind the entire plan of the structure. But it is better to depict it on paper and calculate all sizes, pay attention to all the nuances.

For the project, it is important to provide:

• Location of adjacent parts (doors, walkways);
• building materials;
• Instruments;

An example project is shown in the figure. This porch is made up of:

1. base part;
2. steps;
3. handrail;
4. side part in the form of a flower garden;
5. canopy.

The porch, as a rule, is made so that it is on the same level as the 1st floor of the house, but you need to take into account the margin for the front door, which should be at least 5 cm from the porch platform (since, in accordance with the technique fire safety Entrance door should open outward).

When designing, you should consider a canopy or a full roof to protect against precipitation. You definitely need to think about fences, since in winter the steps often freeze over. It will be dangerous to move on them without support at this time.

How to choose materials for the porch

When choosing materials for the porch, it is best to rely on what the main building is made of. As already mentioned, a tree is suitable for a wooden house, a brick for a brick house. At the same time, it is possible to select compositions from different materials. But for this they need to be properly assembled and adjusted. So, for example, a porch from typical stair steps will harmoniously fit into a spacious stone house, and ceramic cladding will make such a structure original.

A wooden structure is the easiest to build, as it does not require much support, which means that you can do without a foundation. But this material also has obvious disadvantages - low strength.

As an additional material, metal is quite suitable. It is usually mounted on a concrete base.

Important! Do not forget about waterproofing, in a humid and cold climate it plays a big role.

How to calculate the size of a porch

It would seem that you don’t have to worry too much about the size, but this is not so, because the porch must first of all be safe. And also convenient.

Area at the door. Let's start with an observation: to open a door, a person first approaches the door, turns around, inserts the key, opens it, and then takes a step back. To do all these actions, you need a certain space both to the left and to the right of the door, as well as in front of it.

There are building codes that regulate the size of the porch. They differ depending on whether the door is single leaf or double leaf.

For the first, the depth should be at least one and a half meters, the width should be from one and a half to one meter and sixty centimeters. For the second at the same depth, the width should be over two meters. Of course, these parameters should not be taken as ideal. It would be better if they become at least a little higher. You should definitely take care of this if the porch is high.

Steps. Their width differs from the structures inside the buildings, the outer ones should be more comfortable and safer. It is recommended to make a tread of at least 30 centimeters.

While the number of steps is often small, their height, on the contrary, should be reduced compared to internal stairs. good height in this case is in the range from 14 to 17 centimeters.

Railings and fences. If the porch is more than 3 steps high, then it is necessary to make fences on it. The size of the railing is standard - 80-90 centimeters.

Light . Lighting is important when building a porch, as this is a place of particular injury risk. The same rule of 3 steps applies here, that is, if there are 4 or more steps in the stairs, then one lamp is not enough. You need to hang at least two so that they illuminate the porch from different sides. This is due to the fact that the lighting fixture located above the door gives a large shadow, as a result of which the steps are not properly visible.

Visor. What is it for? The first answer that comes to mind is to hide from the rain. But, besides this, it is also designed to protect the steps from precipitation, which is especially important in winter. Therefore, the visor should be made wider than the porch. It is recommended that it be at least 30 centimeters longer than the porch on all sides.

Such a large visor reduces the amount of light, especially if there are windows under it. To solve this problem, you can use polycarbonate for the purpose of building such a roof.

We build a porch for the house with our own hands

Consider the option of building a porch, the price of which is most consistent with the quality. To do this, it is necessary to make a base from a conventional foundation, strengthening it with reinforcement and several layers of cement poured with mortar.

Such a porch can be finished with tiles, stone or any other suitable material.

Preparatory work

The construction of a porch, like any other object, begins with clearing the place and marking. This is done in order to save time in the future. Also purchased all essential tool and material (rebar, sand and cement).

concrete foundation

It is easy to guess that it all starts with the creation of a foundation, under which the first step is to dig a foundation pit (the depth is equal to the size of the foundation of the house itself). Then, according to the rules, a pillow of gravel and sand should be poured, and then concrete should be poured, setting the formwork.

You should follow the rules and regulations so that in the next few years you do not have to restore the porch.

To base the foundation, you will need a broken brick, on top of which a mesh of ribbed reinforcement is installed. This will strengthen the foundation and secure it to the foundation of the main building. Next, you need to remove the reinforcement from the foundation of the building, the future threshold will be poured along it. After you get a ready-made “floor” under the base, you need to drive in more vertical pieces of reinforcement into it, which we fill with a good cement solution from above.

Porch base

After the base of the foundation is filled, it's time to move on to the formation of the base of the porch. For this purpose, a backing brick is suitable. They should lay out the foundation of the structure, taking into account required dimensions. At this stage, do not forget about waterproofing, since the brick is sensitive to high humidity. Both horizontal and vertical types of waterproofing are needed - the base is cut off from the porch, the entire base is treated with aquasol or a double layer of roofing material.

masonry stairs

It's time for the steps. Useful here quality brick, it is not recommended to take already used. In principle, almost any type of brick will do. It is placed on an ordinary solution, in a way convenient for the builder. This stage should be approached with special care, because the steps are the main part of this structure.

Finishing and decoration

Not big difference is it a wooden or brick porch, because the main thing is ease of use, high quality, reliability and durability. But also not on last place There is also an aesthetic component.

Therefore, it is necessary to decorate the porch of the house. To increase the service life, it is worth trimming the edges of the steps with a metal corner.

For the integrity of the architectural ensemble, it is necessary to carry out coordinated color solutions. So, if there are elements of forging in the enclosing structures, then it would be nice to use similar elements in the design of the railings and pilasters for the canopy.

Different directions in the decor of the porches

Examples beautiful design can be seen in the video

Classic. In this case, a gable canopy, chiseled railings and round balusters are required. As a cladding, stone or tile is suitable.

Castle style. Sufficiently massive construction, decorated natural stone. For decorative purposes, you can use torches, grilles, heavy furniture.

Old Russian era. In Russia, the main entrance of a traditional wooden house was made high, on large heavy supports, and at the same time it was quite spacious. It was customary to use patterns and carved elements in large quantities as decorations.

Patio porch. Such a structure looks like an open terrace adjacent to the house. It has benches, tables and chairs. At the same time, not in all cases a roof is made over the structure.

European style. This design is characterized by restrained lines and correct features. As a rule, such a porch is a low structure. For cladding take ceramic tiles or suitable variety stone.

french style. A special feature here is the "French window". Although in fact it is a door made with an openwork lattice design. For additions, flowers are used in hanging flower pots, wicker and wooden furniture.

Whatever design of the porch is chosen, it is important to remember the observance of construction technologies and the quality of materials. Provided that these requirements are met, the porch will last a long time. And finally, I would like to post photos of various designs of porches for wooden, brick and other houses.

It's no secret to anyone that building a porch in the country is not the most simple task, considering that it must necessarily fit into general form building and also be truly functional.

In most cases, it is the originally designed porch that can become an unusual business card for the house.

There are a wide variety of options final stage in building a house. Everything primarily depends on how you see a truly beautiful porch for yourself and what budget you have.

At the same time, it is worth noting that if you are interested in how to make a porch with your own hands, then it is quite simple and all you need to do is read this article and perhaps use some of the advice of builders.

What is a porch?

In fact, a constructive porch built in a private house is the simplest open area with a staircase that is made right in front of the entrance to the building. In this case, the porch can be of the most diverse form, with or without an additional canopy.

If we talk about the design itself, which can be chosen for the porch and which determines the design for the most part, then they can be divided into three main types: simple, attached or built-in.

The porch of the latter type is almost always designed at the stage of building a house.

Porch of the most popular simple type- This is a platform that has additional steps and a canopy above them.

During the construction of this type of porch, the most difficult thing is pouring the necessary foundation, which in any case will be needed, even if it is lightweight design and you planned to make a wooden porch yourself.

The attached porch is very similar in appearance to the beautiful built-in porch, but it is very often rebuilt and modified in various ways.

Foundation - foundation

An important point that you should definitely pay attention to when laying the foundation is that its depth at construction work must necessarily coincide with the depth of laying the foundation directly at the entire building. Otherwise, after the settlement of the soil, it is quite possible that deformation will occur completely at the entire structure of the porch.

If, after the settlement of the soil, the structure is shifted towards the house, then the destruction will begin from the foundation of the porch. Cosmetic repairs in this case, it will not be possible to manage and it will be necessary to build a porch from the very beginning.

During the construction of the foundation, special attention should be paid to the waterproofing of the foundation being built.

Varieties of the porch for the future home

First of all, before starting the construction of the porch, it is imperative to decide which material you like best. Most often it is either concrete, or expensive metal, or stone, classic brick, affordable wood.

Having decided to make a porch to the house out of wood, many simply hope that this is the easiest and affordable option, in fact, not even suspecting in large numbers nuances.

It is a photo of a porch made of wood that can be easily found in various magazines more than others. This is due to the fact that wood is considered by many to be a traditional material.

All you need to build such a porch is minimal building skills, a circular saw, and a construction square.

If possible, it is best to use either larch or any kind of material as a material. conifers. They are distinguished by good strength indicators, and are also quite easy to independently process.

Note!

After a specially made impregnation, the material will definitely not be inferior, for example, to material from any other hard rock.

Above the porch, you should definitely take care of the visor. This will not only protect the steps of the stairs and its platforms from various precipitations, but also allow you to decorate the wooden porch in an interesting way in a short time without serious financial investments.

Photos of a wide variety of canopies can also be found on the Internet and magazines dedicated to the construction of various country houses.

DIY porch photo

Note!