Water tank in the apartment. Storage tank for water supply - a real salvation in case of interruptions in water supply

One of the most annoying household problems is the lack of water in the tap. It is easy to survive the absence of light or gas, but water is an indispensable component of human life, and when it is not there or not enough, problems begin. You can always keep several containers of water in the house, for example, plastic bottles, but it is much more practical to determine what kind of storage tank for water supply is needed and the system diagram for a private house, so as not to lose comfort and continue to use household appliances and a sink with a bath, as if nothing had happened.

Why is it needed and how to use it

If for some reason the pump in the autonomous water supply system does not work, or there is no pressure in the centralized city water supply, then it can be supplied to the sink or toilet bowl from a previously collected reserve tank. In other words, it is better to always have a supply in the house. drinking water and use it in emergency situations.

For the convenience of using the reserve water supply, the storage tank must be integrated into the water supply system so that it is either automatically used in the absence of external pressure, or it can be activated by simply turning the valve.

There are many variations on how to install and connect a storage tank, depending on the type of water source, the possible location of the tank, and even the layout of the house. Enough to choose suitable option and decide on the type of storage tank itself.

Types

The storage tank can be a tank with a sufficient internal volume, made of a material resistant to corrosion and safe for storing drinking water. The following materials are used:

• polyvinyl chloride;
• cross-linked polyethylene of high or low pressure;
• polypropylene;
• stainless steel;
• steel coated with waterproof varnishes and ceramic coatings.

plastic tanks

Although galvanized steel is resistant to corrosion and waterproof, over time protective layer zinc can become thinner, especially at the joints and welds.

By design, allocate:

• open containers that have a neck with or without a lid, but with sealed walls and a bottom;
• closed fully sealed containers of membrane type.

In the first case, everything is simple, the entire internal volume is filled with water and, if necessary, drains through a pipe fixed at the lowest point.

In the case of membrane storage tanks, the usable volume is at least a third less than the volume of the entire structure. Part of the volume is allocated under the air chamber, separated from the water by a strong elastic membrane. As the container fills with water, the membrane presses on the air chamber, creating overpressure. When it is required to receive water back, the valve opens, and it enters the water supply system under the action of the accumulated pressure.

Bottom or top

There are three options for connecting the storage tank and using the water supply:

• Top location of the container. In this case, the water intake is carried out under the action of gravity. The higher the accumulator is located in relation to the consumer, the stronger the water pressure. Every 10 meters of altitude adds 0.1 atmosphere, or about 1 bar.
• The lower location of a simple storage tank. Gravity will no longer help, and a pump is used to supply the water supply, raising the pressure to the optimum level.
• Membrane-type storage tanks themselves create the required pressure for water supply. The lower location at the level of the consumer is optimal for them, since there will be no advantage from installation in an attic or tower.

How to determine the best option?

If the house has several floors and it is possible to place the storage tank in the attic, then this will allow you to do without additional installation of the pump, and you do not need to spend money on expensive membrane tank. In fact, this is an analogue of a water tower. However, raise the container so high as to provide a comfortable pressure at the level of 2-2.5 atm. it's still difficult. Moreover, the question arises of insulating the tank, so that in winter period the water did not freeze.

In the event of an emergency shutdown of the available water pressure of 0.2-0.3 atm. will be quite enough to use the faucet in the sink, toilet or even shower, but it will not be possible to use part household appliances such as a washing machine or dishwasher that requires more pressure to operate the solenoid valves.

Installing the tank at the level with the consumer is suitable in cases where it is not possible to raise the tank to the attic or at least one floor higher. The same applies to the installation of a storage tank in the apartment. You will need a small pump to supply water to the water supply under pressure. To ensure adequate operation, the pump will require an expansion membrane tank.

A storage tank with a membrane is perfect for storing water both when using a centralized water supply system and in an autonomous system. However, it does not require additional equipment or top position. However, its cost is much higher than any conventional storage tank, even when combined with a simple pump.

Volume of the tank

In the event of problems on the city water line and water cuts, it is usually repair work done in a day or two. However, accidents also happen on holidays, and in places where a quick repair is simply impossible, then you have to wait much longer. The optimal supply of water for 2-3 days is based on the use of the toilet, maintaining personal hygiene and cooking.

For a family of three, 100 liters per day is enough when using water in economy mode. For one wash, approximately 80 liters of water are required, more precisely you can find out in the passport to washing machine. Same for dishwasher.

It turns out that for 2-3 days when using household appliances, you need to look for a storage capacity of at least 500 liters, half a cubic meter.

However, there are a number of limitations:

• The larger the volume of water and storage capacity open type, the faster it will begin to overgrow with sediment. It is not recommended to use containers with a volume of more than 200-250 liters in everyday life for long-term storage of water.
• Consideration should be given to the margin of safety of the overlap and bearing walls. The installation of the tank must be laid at the design stage of the house.
• When using autonomous water supply, the volume of the storage tank, especially of the membrane type, should not exceed the debit of the well. If this rule cannot be observed, then the pump must be protected from idling.

Membrane-type storage tanks are limited in their volume and are not able to give up the entire supply of stored liquid. To form a stock of more than 300 liters, you will have to connect several tanks of a smaller capacity in parallel to each other.

General connection rules

A water tank is installed on a prepared site: concrete base tied with a foundation, or a reinforced metal frame made of profiled pipes. The design must withstand one and a half weight of the tank and the water in it when completely filled.

The inlet pipe can be of any suitable diameter, water is supplied under pressure. The outlet pipe and the pipe to the water supply are chosen with a diameter one and a half to two times larger than the cross section of the main line. Optimal size 32 mm.

Insulation, even of the highest quality, only slows down the decrease in temperature in the tank. To prevent freezing of water when installing the tank in an unheated attic or on the roof, any suitable heating system for pipes and the tank itself should be used.

With centralized water supply

Any type of storage tank connection requires a check valve at the entrance to the house or apartment. It is the valve that will prevent the flow of stored water back into the pipeline, and not to the consumer.

Top connection

The tank is installed under the ceiling of the first floor, the floor above the bathroom and kitchen or in the attic. The tank should have a fitting at the top for water supply, another one a little higher for discharge into the sewer when overflowing, and a fitting at the very bottom for water intake.

After entering the coarse filter of the shut-off valve, the meter and the check valve, a tee is installed, from which the pipe goes to the tank inlet, a shut-off valve or a controlled valve is installed in front of the fitting.

A shut-off valve is connected to the outlet fitting and the pipe is lowered back to the water supply, to which it is connected by means of a tee.

The excess discharge hose is lowered into the sewer or led out of the house into the front garden or drainage system.

To control the filling, a mechanical valve with a float is used, similar to those used in the toilet bowl.

To use the stored water, it is enough to open the outlet valve.

Bottom connection

Connection is identical to the first option. However, a pump must be installed at the outlet to create additional pressure in the water supply. Before each use of water, you will have to turn on the pump first.

Ready to help simplify life pumping station or supplementing the pump with a membrane-type expansion tank and a pressure switch.

Bottom connection of storage tank with membrane

To connect the tank, only one pipe is used, connected to the water supply through a tee with a valve. The insert is also carried out after the filter, counter and check valve.

Before use, the pressure in the air chamber must be adjusted. This must be done strictly in accordance with the instructions for the selected model. The normal pressure in the water supply is preliminarily studied, moreover, taking into account fluctuations during the day. As a result, the average value is taken, which is used to adjust the tank. This is the only way to use the maximum useful volume of the tank.

For autonomous water supply

As in the case of centralized water supply, there are several connection options.

Water tower

storage tank installed at a level of 15-20 meters above ground level on a reinforced tower or attic. Water from well pump or pumping station is fed directly into the tank, and from there it is distributed to the bathroom and the kitchen in the house. The pressure in the system is provided by the height difference between the water level in the tank and the mixer tap in the house.

The disadvantage is the constant passage of water through the tank, which will cause sediment to accumulate over time, even if a filter system is pre-installed.

The advantage is the simplicity of the design and the minimum of expensive elements, with the exception of the tower structure itself and the obligatory insulation of the tank to protect it from freezing even when it is placed in the attic.

Bottom tank connection

The tank is installed flush with the pumping station or on the ground floor in the house. It is filled during normal operation of the pump due to water from the well. The limiter is a float switch.

This option saves with excessive water consumption and a decrease in the water level in a well or well. However, it is useless when the electricity is turned off, since a pump is required to supply the end user with water from the reserve.

Membrane storage tank

A membrane tank for storing water is installed after the pumping station and the check valve, with a bottom connection. If the pumping station for some reason does not work and does not maintain pressure in the system, then water comes from the storage tank.

The comfort of everyone who lives in it depends on how well the water supply scheme of a private house is designed and reliably installed. In many cases, the owner has a choice between several alternative options. In order not to give preference to one of them blindly, it is important to carefully study all the features, advantages and disadvantages.

The choice of the type of water supply at home, or, more simply, the determination of where, in fact, the water will come to the house, depends on individual conditions.

Central water supply at home

The technical implementation of such a system is simpler than all other options. In fact, it is necessary to install a tie-in into a common pipeline and a water distribution layout in the house, drawn up in compliance with the dimensions and indicating all points of water consumption. In accordance with it, the pipeline is installed indoors. From a common pipeline, you can bring hot and cold or only cold water to your site. In the second case, the scheme should provide for water heating equipment.

All of the above options are possible only in one case - if there is a water main in relative proximity to the house.

Despite the ease, the water supply scheme from the central water supply has its drawbacks:

• periodically observed decrease in pressure up to a complete cessation of water supply during peak consumption hours,
• dependence on the operation of utility equipment (water is turned off due to accidents or during pressure testing),
• the need for monthly payment and control of fluid consumption.

The advantages of this option, in addition to ease of installation, include the low cost of project implementation (minimum necessary equipment), as well as the independence of the water supply from the power supply. Well, its disadvantages include the need to get a tie-in into the main pipe appropriate permission.

Autonomous water supply at home

An autonomous water supply scheme in the house provides for the use of a separate source located on the site or not far from it. Such a source can be:

• well,
• sand well (including the so-called abyssinian well or well-needle),
• artesian well that extracts fluid from a calcareous aquifer.

Each of these options, with its advantages and disadvantages, deserves separate close attention.

Wells

In order for the water in the well to be High Quality, important meet certain requirements:

• find the best place for digging a well (high liquid content in the aquifer, remoteness from home, which eliminates the possibility of destruction, the absence of possible sources of pollution within a radius of 50 meters, including landfills, cesspools, septic tanks, etc.)
• install reliable and water-resistant perches, a large number sand and clay walls,
• protect the mirror from dust and debris by installing a tight-fitting lid.

The well will not leave you without water even during power outages

At the same time, even if these requirements are met, before using water for cooking and drinking at home, it is better to laboratory analysis. Its results will not only guarantee the conformity of water quality sanitary requirements and standards, but will also help you choose the right elements of the cleaning system.

The quality of water in a well, other things being equal, is usually lower than in a well. In addition, the well does not always have the required performance. In order to avoid a shortage of water, it is recommended when digging to achieve the presence of three keys at the bottom.

The advantage of wells is the combination of automatic water supply and the ability to get the liquid manually in the absence of electricity using a bucket. Even with a long break in the power supply, the house will not be completely without water.

Wells on the sand

A sand well is shallower than an artesian well. Thanks to this feature, it is easy to do it on the site yourself. This opportunity is a significant advantage, as it allows you to save money on the project.

The disadvantages of a sand well are:

• fragility (service life is usually a little over 6-7 years),
• the possibility of silting,
• not very high performance.

Artesian wells

The drilling of such wells is carried out to a depth of 50-150 meters or even more, therefore, it should be carried out by professionals using special equipment and with a preliminary permit to work. Attracting specialists will require an investment, but such a source will last up to half a century or more, so all expenses can be considered a long-term investment.

An artesian well is highly productive. The lime layer from which it raises water is located deep, so toxic substances from the surface do not enter it. The features include usually increased hardness of water from an artesian well, however, this drawback is easily corrected by including a softener filter in the circuit.

Equipment for autonomous water supply systems of private houses

Pumps

Any autonomous water supply scheme includes pumping equipment.

Equipment for water supply of private houses - pumping stations and deep submersible pumps

• Depending on its depth, both submersible and surface pumps can be used for a well. When choosing, you should remember the need to protect surface equipment from freezing if you plan to use an autonomous water supply country house during the cold season.
• due to the small diameter of the casing pipe, they can only be equipped with surface pumps.
• The depth of artesian wells requires the use of only submersible pumping equipment.
• are a set of equipment (pumping unit, hydraulic accumulator, pressure gauge, pressure switch and dry running switch), however, they can only be used for shallow sources.

Devices for adjusting the operation of water supply systems

To obtain a supply of water in the house in case of an emergency and to adjust the operation of the system (preventing frequent switching on of the pump, ensuring optimal pressure), a house water supply scheme can be used with storage tank or hydraulic accumulator.

• storage tank works on the principle of a pressure tower and is a container (for a house with permanent residence, a volume of about 200 liters is suitable) with the appropriate equipment:

- incoming pipeline,

- water supply pipe to the house,

- insulation layer

- heating elements,

- drain pipeline in case of emergency overflow of the tank,

- float level controller.

The water supply scheme for a house with a storage tank provides for the installation of a tank above all points of water consumption, for example, in an attic or other elevation.

• - a more advanced device that allows you to install optimal mode work, including in accordance with the characteristics of the system and the required parameters (required water pressure). The water supply scheme of a private house with a hydraulic accumulator does not require lifting the storage tank to a height, excess pressure is provided by compressed air. The accumulator is installed in a separate heated room next to the well, in the basement of the house or in the caisson.

Water supply scheme for a house from a well with a hydraulic accumulator

And about how it can be carried out, read in a separate article on the site.

It is a plastic "chamber" installed at the wellhead and protecting it and the installed pumping and storage equipment of the system from external influences, primarily from freezing. The caisson is a reliable alternative to a free-standing heated pump house.

Filter system

The water supply system of a private house with a storage tank or a hydraulic accumulator necessarily includes. Even with excellent laboratory-confirmed water quality, mechanical filters will be required to trap insoluble sand or clay particles. Usually a coarse filter and a fine filter are installed in series. and filters that reduce water hardness are installed depending on the need.

Pipes

For the water supply system, pipes made of metal-plastic, cross-linked polyethylene, HDPE or polypropylene are selected in accordance with the features of the scheme (surface or underground, the likelihood of temperature changes, etc.).

Important: When laying underground pipes are located below the freezing level of the soil, when laying on the surface - with mandatory insulation.

Installation, maintenance and repair of the water supply system

In order to repair the water supply system of a private house with your own hands or with the help of specialists as little as possible, it is important to carry out installation and maintenance in full accordance with the requirements.

Piping can be installed by sequential or water intake points. The first option is only suitable for a small number of them, otherwise, in the last of the connected consumers, the pressure will periodically decrease below the permissible value.

System maintenance work depends on the type of equipment installed. For example, large-volume accumulators require periodic “bleeding” of air.

Regardless of the type of scheme, the joints of the elements require periodic inspection, periodic cleaning is necessary for wells, and artesian wells are pumped when the water quality deteriorates or productivity decreases.

Video

Do-it-yourself installation of a water supply scheme for a country house with a hydraulic accumulator is shown in the video.

It is not always possible to provide Vacation home or cottage uninterrupted supply of drinking water. The reasons may be different, but the best solution in such cases will be the water supply system of a private house with a storage tank.

By itself, such a tank is the simplest design. But its installation and connection to the system can cause questions and difficulties. To avoid them, read this article.

In what cases will the storage tank help out

It is not enough for a modern person to simply have water in the house. It is necessary that it flow from the tap, and with good pressure for the normal operation of water folding devices. And in some cases, only a storage tank for water supply, built into the system, can provide such work.

What are these cases:

• When there are none on or near the site, and their device is impossible. In such a situation, only water supply is possible with a storage tank, which is periodically filled from a tank truck.

• When in the house centralized water supply from the city or village network, but water is supplied with frequent interruptions or according to a certain schedule.

• When you have your own well or well, but they have a low flow rate and cannot meet your needs at any time, because the water in them disappears during a long continuous intake.

• When there are frequent power outages, without which no pump can work.

In any of these situations, the stock of water accumulated in the tank earlier will allow you not to experience discomfort from its absence from several hours to several days. It depends on the volume of capacity, the number of users and the usual consumption.

Ways to connect storage tanks

The tank can be connected to the system with two different ways: By placing it at a high elevation or at or below ground level.

top location

Such a water supply scheme for a house from a storage tank is practiced mainly in cases where there are no appliances in the house that need good pressure, and the residents have a minimal need for water - to wash, wash dishes, etc.

And also with frequent power outages. Because water from a tank installed on a roof, attic or overpass flows to consumers by gravity, and such a system does not depend on the presence of voltage in the network.

Advice. When designing a gravity system for supplying water from a tank, keep in mind that a pressure of one atmosphere gives a height difference of 10 meters between the tank and the tap. And this is without taking into account losses in the pipeline itself.

Such pressure in the system will be insufficient for the operation of the washing machine, and even taking a shower will be problematic. You can increase it by connecting at the outlet of the tank. The advantage of such an installation is its simplicity and ease of maintenance of the tank.

However, do not forget about the disadvantages:

• The storage tank takes up a lot of space, taking away useful space from the house;
• If you install it in the attic or on the street on a special overpass, then you can use water only in the warm season. Or you need to insulate and heat well both the tank itself and the pipes going to it and from it;
• If the instructions were not followed during installation or the system itself has worn out over time, leaks are possible that can cause a lot of trouble.

As you can see, each homeowner deals with these issues differently depending on the needs of the family.

• So that the water does not freeze, the tank is installed on a heated second floor or attic, sacrificing area.
• Or they use electric heating of a container standing in the attic. And they pay extra for electricity.
• Or they simply put it on the cabinet, content with the minimum pressure in the system.

bottom location

It is more common and effective method accommodation for houses with permanent residence and all the usual amenities for a city dweller. Such a water supply system with a storage tank is necessarily equipped with an additional pump or. Without them, the water itself will not flow to consumers, and with it you can get any necessary pressure.

There are also several options for lower placement:

• Ground- when the container is used only in the summer and does not need insulation;
• Underground- the tank is buried in the ground, and only the neck is brought to the surface, providing access to it for repair and maintenance;

• Basement- when the house has a heated basement or technical room.

The last option is the most convenient, since the container does not need to be insulated, there is always access to it and it does not take up usable space.

The second most popular is the underground option. It also allows you not to use the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house, but in this case, cleaning and repair will be fraught with certain difficulties. And the upper part, located above the freezing level, will also have to be insulated.

In addition, not every container can be buried in the ground. It must be strong, with thick walls, stiffeners or metal formwork. Otherwise, you need to build a rigid shell for it.

It is important. When installed underground, the bottom of the tank should have a slope of 12-15 degrees so that the suspended particles contained in the water settle in one place and it is easier to remove them through the hatch.

Design features

The device of the storage tank does not depend on the installation location. There are only a few nuances.

The container is supplied with the following structural elements:

• float valve. It prevents it from overflowing and turns on the pump when the water level reaches the minimum mark.

• overflow pipe in case of breakage of the float switch. It is located at the top of the tank and is connected to the sewer.
• Drain pipe at the bottom. Designed to remove sediment. They are equipped with storage tanks for water supply, located at the top or in the basement of the house. Underground tanks are cleaned by the upper hatch.

• Inlet filter, will retain some of the suspended particles. It can also be installed at the exit, equipped with a finer mesh.
• Ventilation pipe or breathing valve. If they are not installed in the lid of the tank, when the water is drained, the walls of the tank may flatten under the influence of atmospheric pressure.

Advice. A diffuser on the supply pipe will prevent water from bubbling and mixing with sediment that has settled to the bottom.

Schemes of water supply systems with a storage tank

The water supply scheme of a private house with a storage tank depends primarily on its location and type of source, as well as on the need to increase the pressure in the system and prepare hot water. And the choice of the pump itself, which supplies water to the drive, and related equipment is also done for a reason.

For example:

• If water is taken from a well up to 7-8 meters deep, it is enough to buy. The suction pipe must be check valve, which prevents the outflow of water back to the source;
• If from a depth of no more than 15-18 meters, the surface pump must already be equipped with an external ejector;
• If from a deep artesian well, it can only be extracted with the help of a deep submersible pump. In this case, the check valve is placed on the pipe leading from the pump to the house.

Advice. To protect the equipment from breakdowns and overheating, it is necessary to install a dry-running protection relay on it, and a level sensor in the source itself. This is especially important if the well or well is marginal.

Water supply storage tanks - connection diagrams can be as follows:

As you can see, an additional pump on the supply pipeline from the storage tank to the system allows not only to increase the pressure in it, regardless of the position of the tank, but also to install a boiler for preparing hot water.

If you often turn off the electricity, both this pump and the boiler will be useless. All that remains is the supply of cold and hot water according to the latest scheme, with a second tank. Its volume is selected according to your needs, but the larger it is, the longer the water will cool in it.

This can be used to heat the first tank in winter time. For example, a storage tank for hot water supply of 1000 liters, installed side by side with tank cold water, will not let it freeze during the day, even if during this time the water in it is not heated.

There are several ways to heat water for this scheme:

Scheme	Description
	Using a gas or electric heating boiler.
	Using a stationary wood burning stove.
	Using a tubular electric heater - a heating element.

How to choose a drive

When choosing a tank, you need to pay attention to two main parameters: volume and material of manufacture.

Volume

The storage tank should not be confused with a hydraulic accumulator. And it's not even that the second one is a pressure tank that regulates the pressure in the network due to the pressure of compressed air on the rubber membrane.

The maximum volume of the accumulator is only 100 liters, the standard one is 24-50 liters. This is very little to supply water in the usual way in the situations described above.

To understand how much capacity you need, you need to analyze the following factors:

• Required water flow per unit of time. You can calculate it approximately by adding up the nominal consumption of all appliances in the house - faucets, toilets, washing machines and dishwashers. Another calculation method suggests multiplying the daily water requirement of one person by the number of family members. But this need is different for everyone and also depends on the availability of amenities in the house. It can be 60 or 200 liters per day. Therefore, focus on your habits and conditions.

• Offline source performance or work schedule centralized system. For example, if the water or electricity is turned off for a maximum of a couple of hours, a 100-liter barrel may be enough for you, and it’s a completely different matter if this happens often and for long time. It also makes no sense to install a five-cubic capacity if your well can pump no more than 500 liters into it per day.

Material

If you are planning a drinking water supply for a summer residence, the storage tank must be made of materials that do not react with water and do not affect its taste, smell and quality. And this is either stainless steel or food grade plastic.

Increasingly, plastic is preferred as it is much cheaper and more durable, especially if we are talking about underground storage. In addition, it is lightweight: even a tank of impressive size can be installed by hand without involving a bunch of assistants or special equipment.

To roughly navigate the prices, look at the options presented in the gallery:

As you can see, stainless steel tanks are many times more expensive. It is more profitable to buy plastic ones, but you need to make sure of the quality of the material and its purpose - for storing drinking water.

Conclusion

Sometimes water supply in a private house with a storage tank becomes the only way to live in comfort, which neither an ultra-modern pumping station nor a central water supply can provide. The complexity of creating such a system depends on the location of the tank, your needs and the conditions of the water supply, so in each case you need to choose your own scheme.

It will be the simplest for seasonal country house, but for country cottage with permanent residence and all the amenities, you will have to spend money and tinker. But the result is worth it.

After watching the video in this article, you will see that “not the gods burn the pots”, and you can do much, if not all, on your own.

Everything ingenious is simple! Even in the 21st century, where technical achievements are sometimes incredibly difficult to understand, there is a place for simple and ingenious inventions. One of them is a storage tank for water.

Do you have questions about installing a storage tank? Book a consultation

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What is a storage tank and do you need one?

The storage tank is simple, but very useful device, practically indispensable in the conditions of autonomous water supply. Even calling it a device seems wrong, because it is an ordinary container into which water is supplied from a well or well, and from where it subsequently enters a boiler or pipes.

It is difficult for city dwellers to understand what problems an illiterate arrangement of an autonomous water supply system in a private house can turn into. They live in an apartment that was originally connected to water, they have a hot shower, the opportunity to take a bath at any time, wash the dishes, start the washing machine, not to mention water heating - the designers, builders and utilities took care of everything. The source of water supply for a city dweller is the most reliable, and all problems with interruptions in the flow of water are not solved by him.

However, those who live in cottage and holiday villages know how difficult it is to organize a reliable and affordable source of water, to which you can connect a pumping station and get the necessary water pressure. Most often, the conditions of a country house are not so ideal, for example:

• The house has a connection to a centralized water supply, however, water is supplied here not around the clock, but several times a week (this is typical for many summer cottages);
• There is a well on the site, but its productivity is not too high - it quickly empties and it takes time to fill up;
• Water comes from an artesian well, which is almost impossible to drain, however, only an automatic pump can be used to supply water, which is turned off in case of network outages.

The storage tank acts as an accumulator, storing water during the period when there is no need to supply it to the house.

Private water supply system with storage tank

There are two types of water supply systems of a private house with the participation of a storage tank - with an upper and lower tank. As the name implies, the fundamental difference here lies in the location of the tank relative to the water supply.

Water supply with top tank

The storage tank in such a system is located on the top floor of the house. It works on the principle of a water tower. The advantage of this option will be, first of all, the possibility of autonomous operation of the equipment. Water will flow to the water intake points in a natural way, without the use of a pump. However, one should not expect a strong pressure - as we remember, the height difference between the water source and the tap, equal to 10 m, creates a pressure of 1 atm. If we apply this to real conditions and assume that the tank will be installed in the attic two-story house with a ceiling height of 3 meters, the pressure in the taps on the first floor will be only 0.6 atm, and on the second floor - half as much. At the same time, we do not take into account the hydraulic resistance of the pipeline.

Due to the low pressure of water coming from the upper tank, such a system is recommended for use in country houses where the need for comfortable water supply is minimal. For permanent residence the house will need a more modern approach

In addition, a fairly large tank installed indoors will take up useful space. As summer version you can install the tank on the street on a special flyover, but this option is not suitable for winter. However, there is a way out here too - electric heating of the tank and insulation of the pipeline. Calculate how much this venture will cost you ... No, definitely worth looking for more rational solution! And, fortunately, it has been around for a long time.

Water supply with bottom tank

The lower tank is a solution for those who strive for comfort and know how to properly use the space of the site and at home. The tank is buried in the ground here. And even this plot of land you can use - by digging a tank half a meter below ground level, you get a site suitable for growing flowers or plants that are not related to root crops. The dimensions of the tank in this case are not limited by anything, and the larger it is, the longer it can cover the difference between the needs of the inhabitants of the house in water and the available resources.

Of course, there are cons, but they have a completely familiar form:

• You will need a pumping station to extract water from the tank and supply it to the house;
• By placing the tank underground, you make cleaning and repair difficult to access - to make the task easier, make holes for revision and cleaning, and position the tank itself slightly at an angle so that the sediment masses accumulate in one place (preferably under the cleaning hole);
• In winter, without insulation, the tank can freeze, and in the spring, if it is not positioned correctly, it will lead.

A plastic tank buried in the ground should have either a round shape or stiffeners, if both options are not available, create a concrete shell around it

How to calculate the volume of the storage tank?

In counting required volume storage tank involved two quantities:

• Water consumption. The average data will be here a very average value to start from it. Consumption depends on the set of possibilities for using water in the house and the number of inhabitants. Your home may only have a couple of sinks and a toilet, or it may also have Dishwasher, shower cabin, washing machine, etc. Of course, the difference between the two options will be great. In general, the consumption per person per day is about 200 liters of water in the presence of all the benefits of civilization. In conditions country house where water is used for cooking and washing dishes, this consumption is reduced to about 60 liters per day. However, it is best to calculate your expenses yourself;

• Frequency of use. Measure your needs and the possibilities of your plumbing. You can choose a huge tank that will hold water for all your needs, but if the capacity of the system is not enough to pump enough water into it in the allotted time, the need for a large tank simply disappears. In addition, it is worth considering the reasons why you decided to purchase a storage tank - if it serves to insure against rare and short-term power outages (when powered from a well) or water (when supplied from a centralized water supply), a small tank will be enough for you.

Do not confuse a storage tank with a hydraulic accumulator, which serves to get rid of frequent short-term switching on of an automatic pump - it stores 25-100 liters of water and is used to conserve pump resources and extend its service life

What is the storage tank made of?

Accumulative tanks are made of food stainless steel or food plastic. In production, they strictly monitor the quality of the material, because it will be enough long time contact water, which will subsequently be used for food purposes.

Design features are:

• Float valve mounted on the inlet pipe. If the house uses autonomous water supply, the tap is replaced with a pump float switch. To prevent emergency situations in the event of a float breakage, an overflow pipe cuts below the inlet, it joins the sewer;
• A filter is also installed at the inlet, which is selected depending on the degree of water contamination - for relative pure water choose mud collectors, and for water with large quantity sediment - cyclones or centrifugal pumps;
• Also strainer installed on the outlet pipe or right before wiring to the house;
• If the tank has opaque walls, it is worth embedding a level into it;
• Underground tanks are equipped with hatches for cleaning, and the upper tanks are equipped with a drainage pipe embedded at the bottom;
• It is better to use a diffuser to fill the tank with water - this will prevent mixing and agitation of the sediment;
• At the top of the tank, a ventilation pipe should be placed, bent at an angle to the ground. When the water is drained and there is no air access, the tank is deformed.

So, you have already made sure that the storage tank is indispensable for a private house. Whatever it is, one thing is clear - it definitely should be. Our consultants will help you choose the right storage tank, and it will be brought and installed by specialists who have been dealing with plumbing equipment for private houses for many years.