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Exterior decoration of the house - 5 modern implementation options

Option 1: hinged facade

Technology features

Finishing according to the technology of a ventilated or hinged facade is very popular, as it has a number of advantages:

• the facade is quickly and easily mounted, and finishing can be done at any temperature;
• the finish is quite strong and durable;
• a large selection of materials, which allows you to implement any design of the facade to your taste;
• it is possible to place thermal insulation under the skin, as well as hide communications.

Due to the lack of wet work, this finish is an excellent option for wooden buildings. Also in a similar way, you can finish the house from blocks, such as aerated concrete or wood concrete. Truth, in this case, it is necessary to use special fasteners for mounting the frame.

The disadvantages include a higher cost compared to plaster.

Materials for a hinged facade

As mentioned above, the basis of the hinged facade is the frame. It is assembled from metal profiles or wooden bars. In addition, of course, you will need some other materials for exterior finish at home in this way:

• thermal insulation material for wall insulation. On our resource you can find detailed information about the choice of thermal insulation. The only thing I note is that it is best to use board materials, for example, polystyrene foam boards or mineral mats;
• vapor barrier film;
• if the house is wooden, it will also be required protective impregnation and interventional insulation;

Particular attention must be paid to the finishing material, on which the design of the facade depends., as well as how durable the exterior of the house will turn out to be. The range of all kinds of panels is simply huge, and it is impossible to list them all. Therefore, below we will get acquainted only with the most common materials:

• wooden finishing boards - these include block house, lining, imitation of timber, planken, etc. All of them differ only in size and profile.

Among the advantages of these coatings are environmental friendliness, attractive appearance and relatively low cost - from 300-350 rubles. for 1m2. The disadvantages include the need for periodic care, namely the treatment with protective compounds.

As a rule, such materials are used for finishing wooden buildings. For example, a log house, even after finishing, can retain its natural beauty if it is sheathed with a block house;

• vinyl siding – plastic panels in the form of several interconnected boards. Vinyl siding is a good alternative to wooden materials, as it is cheaper (from 200 rubles per 1m2), and it also does not require any maintenance;

• metal siding - outwardly resembles vinyl siding, however, it is made of galvanized steel or aluminum. Outwardly, this material reliably imitates a wooden coating, but at the same time it has some disadvantages:
  • high cost - from 400-500 rubles. for 1m2;
  • noise during precipitation and strong winds;
  • high thermal conductivity.

Therefore, metal siding is rarely used for finishing residential buildings.

• facade panels- in fact, it is an analogue of vinyl. The difference lies only in appearance - this coating can imitate natural stone, masonry, and other materials.

Often, home craftsmen are interested in how to finish the bottom of the house in order to highlight it and provide sufficient strength to the base? An excellent solution are special plinth panels. Outwardly, they resemble facade panels, but they are more durable.

Everyone should choose what material is better to finish the house outside, depending on the desired design of the facade and, of course, financial capabilities.

Option 2: plaster

Technology features

Plaster is no less popular than, for example, a hinged facade, as it has some advantages:

• much cheaper than other finishing options. Therefore, if you are looking for how to decorate the house outside cheaper, then plaster is an excellent solution;
• allows you to achieve a presentable appearance of the structure - there is a large selection of decorative plasters on sale that can highlight even the most nondescript structure;
• in a similar way, not only the decoration of a private house from the outside, but also the decoration of the facade of the apartment can be performed. True, for this it is necessary to obtain permission from the relevant authorities;
• it is possible to insulate the facade - in this case, the plaster is applied over the insulation using a special technology, which has already been repeatedly described on our resource.

If you decorate a plastered and painted facade with decorative slats and beams, it can be decorated in half-timbered or Japanese style.

However, plaster also has some disadvantages:

• plastering is a seasonal job, as sub-zero temperature you can't do it;
• durability is much lower than other finishes. As a rule, it does not exceed 10-15 years, subject to strict adherence to technology and the use of the most expensive and high-quality materials. Otherwise, the facade will have to be repaired even earlier;
• strength is much lower than other types of finishes, especially if the plaster is applied over the insulation. In this case, it is protected by a thin layer of cement-based adhesive and fiberglass mesh. As a result, even minor mechanical loads can damage the surface of the facade;
• applying plaster is a rather laborious work.

If the house is made of wood concrete or aerated concrete, it is not recommended to plaster it over the insulation, since the walls will have much greater vapor permeability than the finish, which will lead to their constant dampening with all the ensuing consequences.

Types of plaster

It should be noted that plastering can be of several types:

Type of plastering	Peculiarities
Draft	The task of such plastering is to level the outer walls and prepare them for further finishing, for example, applying decorative plaster, tiling, painting, etc. To perform rough plaster, cement mortars are used. It is best to use special plaster mixes, which contain additives that improve the quality of the coating. Their cost starts from 180-200 rubles. per bag 25kg. The liquid solution during such plastering is applied to the wall manually or mechanically, after which it is leveled by the rule along the lighthouses. True, if the irregularities of the wall are insignificant, plastering can be done without beacons.
Decorative	Forms the texture of the facade, respectively, performs an exclusively decorative function. As a rule, decorative plastering is carried out with special mixtures, which are applied in a thin layer. Their composition may contain marble chips or other filler, which forms the texture of the coating. The cost of the cheapest mineral plasters starts from 300-400 rubles. per bag weighing 20kg. The cost of more expensive polymer compositions can reach 2500-3000 rubles. I must say that there is a technology for decorative plastering with ordinary cement mortar. Its essence lies in spraying the composition on the walls, resulting in a texture that resembles a fur coat. Therefore, this technology is called a fur coat.
Wet facade	With this plastering, the walls are pre-pasted with insulation, for example, foam or mineral mats. In addition, the insulation is additionally fixed with special dowels. Then the surface is reinforced with fiberglass mesh, which is glued with Ceresit CT 85 adhesive. Thus, it performs the function of a rough plaster. Any decorative plaster is applied over the surface finished in this way, which is subsequently painted.

If you want to insulate the house using the hinged facade technology, but at the same time finish it decorative plaster, you can sheathe the LSU frame with plates, then putty them and apply a decorative composition on top.

Option 3: cladding with piece materials

Exterior decoration of the house can be done with piece materials. Among the advantages of such a solution are the following points:

• reliable protection of walls from atmospheric influences;
• the facade acquires a presentable appearance;
• durability.

Of course, along with the advantages, there are some disadvantages:

• walls under such cladding cannot be insulated from the outside;
• the cost of piece facing materials is much higher than the coatings described above.

Therefore, the combined exterior decoration of the facade is very popular. In this case, piece materials are used only for finishing the basement or corners, and the main part of the walls is plastered or finished in other ways, as in the photo below.

The most popular are the following types of piece materials:

• stones;
• clinker tiles;
• ceramic tile.

Below we will take a closer look at the features of all these coatings.

Facing stones

Natural stone is a common finishing material which always looks stylish and fashionable. In addition, this finish is durable and very durable.

True, it should be borne in mind that stone is different from stone. Therefore, we will further consider the most common types of stones that are used for facade decoration:

stone type	Peculiarities
limestone and sandstone	They are beautiful stones that are found in a variety of shades. Of course, in addition to visual appeal, there are other advantages: low cost - from 400-500 rubles. for 1 m2; relatively small weight. The disadvantages include low strength and porosity.
shell rock	It is also inexpensive, but at the same time a beautiful stone. It has the same disadvantages as the above limestone and sandstone.
Slate	Beautiful and at the same time durable material, so it is very popular. Often it is used in the design of the facade in the style of Provence. The cost of slate also starts from 400-500 rubles. for 1 m2;
Marble	This stone is one of the most famous and widespread. It has a beautiful texture and a rich selection of shades. In addition, this stone can be called eternal due to its high strength and hardness. The only serious drawback of marble is the high cost - the price starts from 3500-4000 rubles. for 1m2.
Granite	It has almost the same performance as marble. True, its cost is somewhat lower - from 2500 rubles per square meter.

To prevent the porous stone from getting wet and clogged with dirt, it should be coated with a special varnish.

The installation of the stone is carried out on ordinary tile adhesive. Since when laying this material it is not necessary to make even seams and strictly maintain the level, even a beginner can cope with this task.

Clinker tiles are beautiful and durable material for exterior wall decoration, which is made on the basis of slate clays. Thanks to a special manufacturing technology, it has the following qualities:

• high strength;
• weather resistance;
• durability - many manufacturers of clinker tiles give a guarantee for 100 years;
• light weight compared to natural stone.

Outwardly, the tile resembles a brick, so the wall finished with this material is almost impossible to distinguish from brickwork. True, the installation process itself is quite complicated, since the tiles must be located in the same plane and have the same seams.

In addition, the process of grouting is quite complicated. Therefore, if you decide to tile your house, you will have to seek help from specialists.

As for the cost of clinker tiles, the price of domestic products starts from 600 rubles per square meter. European tiles are several times more expensive.

Ceramic tile

A good alternative to clinker tiles is ceramic and porcelain stoneware. It can be smooth and structured. The latter resembles a natural stone, therefore it is very popular.

Sometimes even photo printing is applied to the glazed surface. As a result, the material can have any texture or patterns. Accordingly, such a coating looks very impressive.

It should be noted that not only tiles are made of ceramics, but also large facade panels, the width of which can reach 60 cm and the length -180 cm. The panels are easier to install, however, the design of the facade in this case turns out to be rather peculiar. Therefore, the tile is still more popular.

The cost of ceramic facade tiles starts from 400 rubles. for 1m2.

Option 4: brick cladding

Considering modern types of exterior decoration, it is impossible not to mention brick cladding. This is perhaps the best protection for walls from negative impacts environment and mechanical influences.

Therefore, if you are interested in decorating an old house, brick cladding is an excellent solution. After all, in this way you will not only protect the walls from negative influences, but also give the building a presentable appearance.

True, for objectivity, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with some of the disadvantages of such a solution:

• the brick has a lot of weight, as a result of which the facing walls need a foundation , even if you plan to trim cottage.Therefore, if such a cladding was not planned at the design stage of the house, it is necessary to carry out an additional strip foundation along the perimeter of the building;

  Thermopanel for facade finishing

  Option 5: lining with thermal panels

  Finally, consider modern outdoor finishing materials that belong to the category of thermal insulation boards. Their main feature is the presence of two layers:

  • base - is a heat-insulating material. It can be expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene foam or even polyurethane foam;
  • the front layer - serves as protection for the insulation from environmental influences, and is also a decorative element. As a front coating, clinker tiles, marble chips, porcelain tiles and other materials are usually used.

  It should be noted that these panels do not require the installation of a frame, as they are fixed directly on the wall using special fasteners. At the same time, they are connected to each other in a lock, which provides a continuous surface without cold bridges.

  Among the disadvantages of this method of finishing can be identified:

  • high cost - the price of thermal panels starts from 1000 rubles. for 1m2;
  • the vapor permeability of such a coating leaves much to be desired, therefore it is not necessary to finish a house of gas silicate or other materials that have a high vapor permeability in this way.

  Here, in fact, are all types of exterior wall finishes that I wanted to acquaint you with in this article.
  

  Conclusion

  Exterior decoration of the house can be done different ways and materials. Moreover, it is impossible to say unequivocally that some option is better, and some is worse, since they all have their pluses and minuses. Therefore, everyone must make his own choice, depending on his own wishes, financial capabilities and other factors.

  If you have any questions regarding the facade decoration, ask them in the comments, and I will be happy to answer you.

Comments:

The first impression of the house will be formed by a person on the way - one glance at the facade is enough. “Meet by clothes” - this proverb is also relevant for the home. The first impression of the house as a whole depends on the facade. But how to sheathe the facade so that the house looks beautiful and harmonious?

Plastering is the most economical way to finish the facade.

We dress the house wisely

Sheathing for the house is now represented by a huge elective range. Manufacturers offer options for every taste and color. Whatever type of cladding for the house is chosen, the main condition is that the facade must be durable and functional. Last but not least is the fire safety of the selected facade material. No one likes facades that get dirty quickly, which will look sloppy a short time after installation. For this, the electrostatic facade of the house is responsible. Indicators of the functionality of the material for sheathing the house are: combustibility, elasticity, strength, hygroscopicity, vapor permeability, heat-insulating and soundproof qualities. In order to sheathe the facade, you can use various materials.

Types of house cladding

If homeowners are supporters of environmentally friendly materials, then you should pay attention to the following types of facade finishes:

After sheathing with a block house, the house becomes like a log house.

Any type of mineral plaster allows you to decorate the facades of houses textured.

To do this, just change the direction of movement during grouting. Circular, vertical, horizontal movements will give the surface of the external walls of the house an interesting pattern.

When to Use Siding

Sheathing a house with siding is now usually decided only for decorative purposes, since on modern market facade materials, there are more advantageous options in terms of thermal insulation. The advantages of siding are ease of installation, low pollution, the ability to mask imperfections in the surface of the house. If you sheathe the house outside with siding, it will give it a neat look.

Types of siding

So, if you decide to sheathe the house from the outside with siding, then you need to decide on its choice:

In terms of quality of cladding, keramosiding is not inferior to ceramic tiles.

1. Vinyl siding. PVC siding is the most popular due to its low cost, lightness and wide range of colors. Such a facade creates additional protection for houses from fire - it does not support combustion, but simply melts slowly. The disadvantage is low strength, such facades are not impact-resistant. With sharp temperature fluctuations, the vinyl board can change its length.
2. Metal siding - made of aluminum or galvanized steel. Its absolute incombustibility is a big plus when sheathing a warehouse or garage. Main disadvantage such siding is prone to corrosion. A special film or paint coating will help to solve this problem.
3. Ceramic siding. The invention of the Japanese, ceramic siding is absolutely environmentally friendly, breathes well and does not burn. Ceramic siding is the leader in terms of ventilated ability among analogues. With the help of such siding, you can sheathe the house in in large numbers variations in color and texture. There are imitations of various types of wood, stone, brick in a huge number of colors and shades.

Whatever the facade of the house is sheathed, it is necessary to take into account the overall architectural ensemble. So, for example, you can sheathe a house outside the city, among a picturesque landscape, with a wooden facade. This will organically fit it into the overall village picture. Big mansion in castle style suitable design stone facade. Cottage in English style will look great with a brick facade, and medieval - from large natural stone. Bright plaster, coupled with tiled roof turn the house into a trendy Portuguese cottage.

A huge selection of materials that can sheathe the house from the outside will help to realize the most daring design decisions.

Country houses and cottages, as a rule, are built of wood, concrete or brick, which have insufficient resistance to environmental influences. As a result, new houses very quickly become old and unattractive. Therefore, in order to protect the building from precipitation, wind and other weather conditions, the building is usually additionally finished with other building materials. And the first question that arises is: what is the cheapest way to sheathe a house from the outside, without saving on the quality of the finish?

Basic building materials for house cladding

To date, there is a wide variety of different building materialsthat are applicable for sheathing buildings. And every year there is something new. Each of the building materials has its pros and cons, but basically they differ good quality and durability. Therefore, one of the main consumer characteristics is the price of the product, and the question of what is cheaper to sheathe a house from the outside is of paramount importance when choosing a material.

For the maximum cost of a square meter, we conditionally accept 1000 rubles, which is quite affordable for most residents of our country. Of course, the definition of "cheap-expensive" is different for everyone. But provided that the cost of facing the building with stone or brick costs at least 3000 rubles. for 1 sq. m (material cost plus labor costs), the price is 1000 rubles. seems acceptable enough.

clapboard, block house and other wood materials

Thanks to the fashion for naturalness and naturalness, lumber houses have become especially popular today. The excellent characteristics of such a structure significantly spoil one serious drawback. Wood is subject to rapid destruction from environmental influences and requires mandatory protection. Therefore, it is not enough to build a wooden house, it must be additionally protected.

There is another side of the issue. Not every owner of a suburban area can afford to build a new house or cottage to replace the old building. Therefore, it is necessary to bring into a decent form the building that is already available. And the question immediately arises of how to sheathe an old wooden house from the outside cheaply and extend the buildings.

Strange as it may sound, it is better to protect a wooden house with lumber, that is, with the same wood. Therefore, materials such as a block house (wooden siding under a log), lining and others are perfect as cladding for such buildings. These sawn timber are still processed at the factory with all the necessary means to prevent rotting and destruction of the tree.

At the same time, the cost of such materials is quite democratic, a block house of Ukrainian or Russian production can be purchased at a price of 350-700 rubles. per square meter, lining for outdoor work - 400-1000 rubles. The cost of imported building materials, of course, is somewhat higher.

It is worth considering other options than it is cheaper to sheathe a wooden house from the outside. As well as other buildings made of bricks, concrete blocks and other building materials.

Facade thermal panels

Depending on the material from which the building is built, as well as the requirements for heat and sound insulation, as a rule, they choose how to sheathe the house from the outside cheaply (the photo below shows this option).

If a wooden structure holds heat well, then a brick or concrete house has very cold walls. Therefore, for its sheathing, it is preferable to choose materials with good thermal insulation. The best option in this case are thermal panels consisting of polyurethane and ceramics. To date Russian manufacturers the production of thermal panels has been established quite well, so the cost of this material is quite reasonable. If the cost of sheathing from foreign companies varies between 1600-2500 rubles. for 1 sq. m, then domestically produced panels can be purchased for 900-1300 rubles per square.

Fiber cement panels

For stone buildings one more good option than to sheathe the outside cheaply are fiber cement panels. This is a relatively new material, the release of which has already been established by Russian manufacturers, and they predict a great future for it. lovely strength characteristics and ease of installation make this material particularly attractive. The cost of imported material is 1600-2000 rubles. for 1 sq. m, while the domestic counterpart can be purchased for 700-900 rubles, without losing quality.

Fiber cement panels are highly durable, reliable and resistant to changeable weather conditions. The only drawback is their rather significant weight, so they are practically not used for finishing wooden or panel houses.

Vinyl or metal siding

We choose further, the cheaper it is to sheathe the house from the outside. It is also convenient and profitable to finish a brick or concrete building with siding. In addition, due to its low weight, this building material can also be used for sheathing a wooden structure.

Both types of siding have their pros and cons. withstands a greater temperature difference, is more durable and reliable, but strongly removes heat from the walls of the building. Vinyl material, although it does not heat, but does not cool.

The choice of finishing material

Modern building technologies provide us with a fairly large range of finishing materials that meet all the necessary requirements. However, each of these materials has its own characteristics in terms of both decorative design of the house and directly functional characteristics. It should be noted that not all existing materials are suitable for finishing wooden buildings due to their specificity. Consider the most optimal plating options.

Wooden lining

Lining made of wood allows you to save the natural and natural look at home, significantly improving its external design and functional characteristics. It is a flat board, which is easily mounted and docked with neighboring ones in the longitudinal direction by means of special spikes.

On a note! This material has absolute environmental friendliness, high strength, and also provides an excellent level of thermal and acoustic insulation.

The main disadvantage of wooden lining is its relative vulnerability to insects and rodents. Partially, this problem is solved by surface treatment with special protective equipment. The second disadvantage of the material is fading, so a house with such a finish should be painted about every three years.

GOST 8242-88. Details profile from wood and wood materials for construction. Specifications. Download file.

Block house

In fact, a block house is a kind of wooden lining. It is made only from coniferous tree species. The main difference between this finish is the shape of its elements - this material imitates cylindrical logs. The inner surface of the block house is flat, which simplifies the installation process using the tongue and groove technology. Unlike ordinary wooden lining, the block house has the best indicators of protection from the effects of weather conditions and insects. However, it should be noted that the price of this material is much higher, which, of course, is its main drawback.

facade decoration wooden house block house

Vinyl siding

This material has excellent resistance to high positive temperatures. It practically does not deform and has a low coefficient of thermal expansion. In addition to this, vinyl siding is easy to care for, easy to clean and does not need to be touched up periodically. Available colors are so wide that anyone can choose a shade to their liking. Installation of vinyl panels can be done not only with self-tapping screws, but also using ordinary nails.

Vinyl siding - specifications

But even such a functional material has its drawbacks. It is intended for use in countries with a temperate and warm climate, so it does not tolerate extreme cold. The strength of the material is also low, vinyl panels require a fairly careful attitude to themselves. In addition, choosing siding of this type, keep in mind that under the influence of direct sunlight, panels of dark shades can fade noticeably after a couple of years.

metal siding

This finishing material, in comparison with vinyl, is devoid of a number of key disadvantages. First of all, it is much more protected from fading in the sun. This allows you to safely use darker siding without the risk of getting a faded facade on the sunny side of the house in two or three years. In addition, even at very low temperatures, the metal does not lose its strength and wear resistance.

There are three main disadvantages of metal siding:

• susceptibility to corrosion in case of violation of the outer protective layer;
• vulnerability to shock loads and the possibility of profile deformation;
• high coefficient of thermal conductivity (metal quickly heats up and cools down).

PVC panels

Polyvinyl chloride panels are identical in characteristics to vinyl siding, since they are one of its varieties. However, in terms of creating original design solutions, PVC elements give builders more opportunities. Such panels allow you to create a high-quality imitation of stone, brick and marble surfaces, and are also easily combined with standard vinyl siding, which allows you to give building facades a unique and exclusive look.

Preparatory work

The main part of the preparation for the process of warming and sheathing a wooden building consists in sanitizing its walls with the help of special chemicals designed to protect the wood from infection by fungus, harmful insects and rodents. In addition, without fail, a special vapor barrier layer is laid between the inner walls and the outer heat-insulating layer.

As a rule, it acts as:

• polyethylene;
• aluminium foil;
• bituminous roofing material;
• vapor barrier made of special materials.

The most optimal in terms of price / quality ratio is polyethylene, since it can significantly reduce financial expenses for upholstery at home.

Installing a vapor barrier involves maintaining a small air gap between it and the wall of the building. Therefore, if the walls are flat on the outside, before laying the film, a frame should be built on them from laths about 3 centimeters thick, nailing them in increments of about half a meter. After that, in the slats in all four directions, it is necessary to do special ventilation holes and proceed directly to the installation of the vapor barrier. The film is nailed to the rails or round logs of the wall with nails or a construction stapler overlapping with an interval of about 15 centimeters. Upon completion of this stage, the joints and placement of fasteners must be sealed with special construction tape.

The choice of thermal insulation material

After the successful completion of all preparatory work, you can begin to create a heat-insulating layer of skin. Due to the specificity of a material such as wood, the best choice will use plates mineral wool. However, various options are possible.

Table number 1. Materials for warming the facade of a wooden house.

Material	Advantages	disadvantages
	- excellent indicators of thermal insulation; - ease of installation; - pest control.	- badly passes air that leads to rotting of wood; - not fire resistant - is not an environmentally friendly material.
	- excellent thermal insulation; - resistant to fire; - protected from the influence of microbes and pests.	- vapor-tight, poorly ventilated. - Difficult to cut and install.
	- well ventilated; - perfectly retains heat; - easy to install; - environmentally friendly; - fire resistant.	The ingress of moisture in case of violation of the installation technology leads to a sharp decrease in the insulating properties.

It should be noted that polystyrene and polystyrene are rarely used for insulating wooden houses, so it is recommended to opt for mineral wool.

Features of the process of thermal and waterproofing of wooden houses

On top of the previously installed vapor barrier layer, a wooden frame is mounted from vertically nailed boards. It is optimal to use a board 10 cm wide and 5 cm thick. It is necessary to arrange the frame elements in such a way that the distance between them is less than the width mineral plates by 2 centimeters. This will allow you to achieve a tighter fit of the insulating material without the use of additional fasteners.

The next step in sheathing a wooden house is to install a waterproofing film on top of the insulation layer. Pay attention to the correct orientation of the film in relation to the blocks of mineral wool: the rough surface should be directed towards the insulation, and the smooth surface should be directed outward. As at the stage of work on the installation of a vapor barrier, fastening occurs with the help of a construction stapler with an overlap, followed by gluing the brackets and joints with adhesive tape.

When the waterproofing is installed, it is necessary to nail another layer of boards on top of the previously created frame, on which the external finishing elements will be placed as the final stage. The recommended wood thickness is 4 cm with a width of 5 cm.

Carrying out external finishing works

Exterior work is the final stage of finishing the house, which requires special care and careful approach. Not only the aesthetics of the facade, but also the functionality of the previously created insulating layers will largely depend on the quality of the installation of the elements of the outer skin.

Installation of a block house and wooden lining

The process of fixing a wooden lining is carried out as follows.

Table number 2. Facade cladding.

Steps, illustrations	Description of actions
	Having prepared and cut the boards of the required length, they are mounted on the frame. Sheathing should be done in the direction from the bottom up, from the corner of the building.
	The starting board is installed and nailed (or fixed with special fasteners), with the spike down. It should be strictly parallel to the ground, so a level is required to check the result. If everything is done correctly, you can proceed to the next step. Otherwise, the board must first be leveled.
	The next board is inserted into the groove of the previous one. In order for the boards to be tightly connected to each other, the top one must be hammered into the groove of the bottom one using a special wooden hammer.
	After joining the boards, the second is fixed on the frame in the same way as the first.
	All subsequent boards are attached according to a similar algorithm.
	After completing the installation, you need to start decorating the corners of the building. To do this, two boards are vertically attached to them so that one overlaps the other. Window trims are similarly designed.

Installation of vinyl and metal siding

The general scenario for installing vinyl siding includes:

• installation on the frame of the starting bar;
• installation of corners and H-shaped connecting strips;
• fixing and installation of siding panels;
• installation of the finishing bar and fixing the final tier.

The starting bar is fixed around the entire perimeter of the building or that part of it that will be sheathed with vinyl. Since the plank will be closed on top by a row of panels, there are no special requirements for it: you can use scrap joints and even a strip of a different color. The initial stage is the most important, so it should be approached thoroughly, because then it will be quite difficult to correct the slightest distortion in case of an error.

1. First, at the corner of the outer frame of the building, a nail is driven in below and a thread is pulled along the wall, which should be guided in the future. Note that the distance from the ground to the thread should be equal to the width of the starting strip.
2. Further, having fixed the thread on the second corner, it is put in the correct position with the help of a level. The result should be a straight line strictly parallel to the ground.
3. With the help of chalk or a pencil, a straight line is drawn, for which the thread is used as a guide. It will indicate the place of fixing the starting strip.
4. The bar is attached to the frame with self-tapping screws.

We draw your attention to the fact that you need to check the correct installation of the panels with a level as often as possible. It is advisable to do this before starting the installation of every third row of siding.

Fixing the vertical corner strips must begin before installing the main panels, since it is in them that all rows of siding are wound up. Coming to this stage finishing works, you should know some features of this process.

1. The corner bar should be located at a height of 0.5-0.7 cm from the ground. This is done so that during thermal expansion the bar does not rest against the foundation and does not deform.
2. Fixing the corner must be done with self-tapping screws from top to bottom. At the same time, pay attention to the fact that the first fastener is made at the top of the hole, and all subsequent fasteners are made in the center. This approach ensures that the skin material expands only downwards and to the sides.
3. The lower edge of the vertical corner strip must be cut to the width of the starting one. The goal, as in previous cases, is the same - to avoid the consequences of expansion of the material when heated.

Final result

The flexibility of the corners of vinyl and metal siding makes it easy to use these materials in the process of finishing blunt and sharp corners of buildings. For sheathing an obtuse angle, the profile is pressed down, and when working with a sharp one, it narrows.

The installation and fastening of the H-profile, which is used for horizontal joining of the cladding elements, is similar to the installation process of the corner strips. In doing so, you must comply important rule: The starting strips must be in contact with the profile, and not vice versa. In addition, when sheathing with siding, you can generally do without an H-profile if you overlap the strips.

The process of mounting rows of siding panels occurs according to the following algorithm.

1. The first strip is inserted into the grooves of the corner or H-profile, after which it is snapped into the starting lock.
2. Fastening to the frame should be done using self-tapping screws exactly in the center of the nail holes. Remember that you cannot screw the siding tightly; you need to leave free space for thermal expansion.
3. All subsequent tiers, except for the top one, are mounted in the same way.

At the final stage of wall cladding, the top bar is mounted, after which the distance from it to the lock of the penultimate tier is measured. Next, the finish panel is bent so that its width corresponds to the measured distance, and brought into the lock.

The process of external sheathing with PVC panels is, in fact, similar to the installation of siding trim discussed above. It uses an identical system of locks and clutches, which can vary only slightly depending on the manufacturer of the materials.

Let's hope that our instructions and tips for decorating wooden houses have helped you clarify your understanding of the features of this process and facilitate the implementation of your plans and creative ideas.

Video - Sheathing a wooden house siding

Facing

Introduction

How to sheathe a wooden house from the outside and can it be done inexpensively? The main task is the right choice of materials. It is important that the finish is not only attractive and reflects the personal preferences of the owner of the house, but also be easy to install, increase the thermal insulation of the building and cost a reasonable amount.

We will consider the most popular materials for cladding the facade of wooden buildings, their advantages, as well as a photo of the result of finishing houses with their use.

The need for facade decoration

Why does the house need exterior decoration? There are several answers here:

• The main thing that is expected from the sheathing of the house is to increase its attractiveness. Variety of finishes and building materials allows you to realize even the most unusual ideas for finishing facades;

House facade

• The need to protect the building from insects and small rodents. The attack of bugs and mice leads to premature damage to wood, the loss of its decent appearance and the strength of the building itself. Reliable finishing of the facade will protect the walls of the house from pests and will not allow them to get inside;
• The need for protection from external atmospheric influences. The damp environment on the wood from the constant ingress of rain and snow contributes to the processes of decay. Of course, the walls of the house outside can be treated with various types of antiseptics, but their cost is quite high, and regular treatment of facades becomes expensive;
• Exterior decoration of a wooden house with the help of modern materials increases the level of sound insulation. This makes staying inside the building comfortable and contributes to better rest;
• The function of thermal protection, which performs good cladding external walls, helps to better keep the house warm in cold weather, and cool air temperature in hot weather;
• Finishing materials for cladding houses are mostly fire resistant, which helps to solve an important function - protecting a wooden structure from fire.

Diagram of a layered ventilated structure

• Without ventilation.

The exterior finish material is attached to the walls without gaps, which requires the installation of a layer of insulation from the inside of the building.

Experienced specialists for wooden houses recommend a ventilated design option to reduce the likelihood of accumulation excess moisture on the walls. So you can make the house itself much warmer due to the presence of an air gap.

Materials for the exterior of a wooden house

The most popular materials for decorating the walls of wooden houses outside today are:

• Siding - metal and vinyl;
• Block house;
• timber imitation;
• Brick;
• Clinker thermal panels;
• Porcelain stoneware;
• Facade paint.

Important! Whatever type of finish you choose, before starting the installation of the material, the walls of the house must be cleaned and treated with special antiseptic compounds. In addition, if this is a structure made of logs or timber, it is additionally required to caulk around the entire perimeter using jute or flax fiber.

Log building in front facade works subjected to meticulous scrutiny

Siding

Most often, metal or vinyl siding is used to decorate wooden houses. If the probability of ignition of a particular structure is recognized as increased, it is recommended to carry out sheathing with concrete siding.

• fast installation;
• protection of the walls of the house from mechanical damage;
• many colors and textures;
• ease of care;
• metal siding does not burn;
• not subject to decay;
• provides elevated level thermal protection of the building;
• protects walls from moisture;
• fastened with a gap - allows the wood to "breathe";
• it is cheap.

You can install siding on the outer walls of a building at any time of the year. The installation process itself is quite simple and does not require experience in such work.

Block house

This material is popular with those who seek to give the appearance of their building a “primordially Russian” look, reminiscent of wooden huts. A block house is wooden boards, smooth on one side and convex on the other (reminiscent of a log).

Material advantages:

• visual appeal of the building facade;
• simple installation of the material;
• increasing the level of thermal insulation and sound insulation;
• long service life;
• excellent masking of wall defects.

However, along with the advantages of finishing a block house, disadvantages can also be noted:

• it is necessary to impregnate the wooden parts with an antiseptic solution;
• the price is higher compared to siding;
• increased fire hazard.

Attractive appearance of a wooden house sheathed with a block house

timber imitation

In fact, this material is a kind of wooden lining. Especially for outdoor work, a board with a thickness of at least 2 centimeters is produced. Finishing facades with imitation of timber has the following advantages:

• environmental friendliness;
• the ability to hide external wall defects;
• fast lining;
• increases thermal insulation;
• long service life;
• does not require experience in the installation of such materials.

Cons of imitation timber:

• The need for regular treatment with formulations;
• High fire hazard.

The appearance of a wooden house, in the lining of which an imitation of a bar was used

Brick

Brick cladding for a wooden house is an aesthetic finish that is better than many budget options:

• increasing the thermal insulation of the building;
• strength and reliability of the material;
• long service life;
• excellent frost resistance;
• low level of moisture absorption.

The disadvantages of bricks include the laboriousness of the finishing process, the need to strengthen the foundation (brick is a rather heavy material), as well as the high cost of such cladding, taking into account the purchase of everything necessary.

The process of exterior decoration of an old wooden house with bricks

Clinker thermal panels

Sheathing a wooden house with clinker thermal panels is at the peak of popularity due to the advantages of the material - low cost, quick installation and excellent heat-insulating properties.

Additional functions of the clinker panel for exterior decoration of the house:

• resistance to mechanical damage;
• material durability;
• ease of care;
• low vapor permeability and moisture absorption;
• environmental friendliness;
• resistance to solar radiation.

The process of installing clinker thermal panels on the crate on the facade of a wooden house

Porcelain stoneware

Porcelain stoneware slab, which includes clay, dyes, kaolin, feldspar and quartz sand, is also excellent material for facing wooden facades.

Material advantages:

• high strength properties;
• fire resistance;
• a large selection of textures and colors;
• possibility of dry and wet installation;
• excellent resistance to low temperatures and solar radiation.

Exterior decoration of a wooden house with porcelain stoneware slabs on a metal crate

Painting

The facades of wooden buildings are sometimes simply painted. Painting has such advantages as a finish:

• protection of the outer walls of the house from atmospheric influences;
• ... from the temperature difference;
• …against UV fading.

Facade painting process

In order for the paint to really perform these functions, it is worth choosing the right paint composition. Among others, for finishing the facades of wooden houses, the following are used:

• water-borne compositions - polyvinyl acetate;
• acrylic emulsions;
• oil-acrylate and oil-alkyd;
• various kinds of varnishes and azure;
• other compositions.

Each of these types of paints has its own distinctive features and degree of protective properties, so when purchasing, you need to pay attention to the specific characteristics of the composition.

Conclusion

So, we considered how to sheathe a wooden house from the outside. Finishing the facade is a difficult and painstaking process that requires the right choice of material and adherence to the technology for its installation. Usually outer cladding carried out after internal work in the room. You can find out the options for finishing the interior of wooden houses from.

The design of the cottage inside is as important as the appearance of the building. Dacha is traditionally considered a place of rest and unity with nature. Here it is absolutely unimportant that a capital house or country houses from block containers stand on the site, the main thing is to provide coziness and comfort, without which a high-quality country holiday is unthinkable.

In this article, we tried to make an overview of the most acceptable options for interior decoration.

Preparatory work

When deciding how to finish the cottage inside, it should be remembered that the specifics country house does not provide for regular heating in winter period ().

Moreover, if you plan to visit the site in winter, then the interior decoration of the cottage must withstand sudden temperature changes during heating.

• Facing or repairing the cottage inside refers to the finishing work and must be carried out after the installation of all plumbing communications and electrical wiring is completed.
• All work should start from the far room, if the house is two-story, then from the top floor, gradually moving towards the exit.
• In the event that there is a possibility of soiling an already lined surface, for example when plastering, it is better to cover it with plastic wrap.
• Plastering, as well as whitewashing or painting, are done from top to bottom.
• Naturally all essential tool and materials should be prepared in advance.

Finish options

Before finishing the walls in the country house inside, think about how often you are going to change the interior. For a dynamic nature that does not tolerate monotony, it is better to plaster or revet the surface with drywall. If the country interior with your own hands inside is done once and for many years, then you can use clapboard, laminate or plastic panels.

Ceiling lining

• The most common option for finishing the ceiling is traditionally considered whitewashing or painting. Absolutely anyone can make such a cladding. healthy man. Its price, in comparison with other options, is the most acceptable, painting instructions are also familiar to almost everyone from childhood.

Tip: the most fast option, it is to use a spray gun powered by a household vacuum cleaner, but with such painting, all other surfaces must be covered with a film.

• A false ceiling can be made of plasterboard or stretch ceilings, but in any case, do not forget to leave a few holes around the perimeter to ensure normal ventilation, they are easily decorated with special plugs. In plasterboard ceilings, the issue of ventilation is solved with the help of built-in lights.
• Now eurolining on the ceiling is very popular. Thanks to the mounting brackets and the special shape of the board, the ceiling is sewn up completely, without visible gaps. In this case, nails are used only for fastening the mounting brackets and are closed with a board.
• For an ecological or country style, it would be appropriate to use an unedged board. Its rough forms will give the room the appearance of a forest hut. Only in this case, the board should be sewn in two layers to hide the natural gaps between the planks.
• Do-it-yourself cottage design inside can be done using the so-called breathing beams. If such load-bearing beams on the ceiling are not provided for by the design, then a dummy is made and decorated under natural wood. They will look especially beautiful on a broken attic ceiling.

wall decoration

1. AT brick houses the arrangement of the cottage inside can be done by plastering. Such a coating will be universal and durable. Plastered walls can be painted or wallpapered, but the process itself requires serious professional skills and such cladding will cost a lot.
2. If a periodic change of scenery is foreseen, then the best solution would be to use drywall.

This material is of two types.

• GKL - plasterboard sheet, consists of alabaster, glued on both sides with cardboard, the material is not very durable and is used more for mounting ceiling structures. Plus, GKL is afraid of moisture, so it is not suitable for the walls of a country house.

• GVL - gypsum fiber sheet, the filler here is also alabaster, but it includes reinforcing fibers for internal reinforcement. Plus, instead of ordinary cardboard, a moisture-resistant cellulose coating is used. Nails can be safely driven into such walls and, most importantly, they are not afraid of dampness.

1. Wall decoration in the country house inside clapboard is one of the easiest and available options. The material is environmentally friendly. Initially, horizontal guide rails are stuffed onto the walls in increments of 50 - 70 cm, and strips are attached to them with mounting brackets. The tree should be pre-treated with an antiseptic, depending on the style of the interior, the lining can also be varnished.
2. In the same way, you can sheathe the walls with laminate, but as in the case of drywall, the material must be taken moisture resistant.
3. One of the most popular materials today are plastic panels. The installation technology here is almost the same as that of a laminate or lining. But there are much more decor options, plus plastic is currently considered one of the most durable and unpretentious materials.

Tip: you can use wallpaper in the country, but it is likely that they will peel off due to temperature changes. Therefore, if you do not plan to re-paste the wallpaper every spring, it is better to just paint the walls with acrylic paint.

How to cover the floor

Initially, it is better to make a rigid screed on the floor from mixtures based on porous materials, such as expanded clay. On such a basis it is possible to lay floorboard, laminate or linoleum.

It is better to take a grooved floorboard, since after wintering it can lead. As mentioned earlier, the laminate is taken only waterproof. But the most practical and easy to install, is considered to be linoleum.

Tip: in a beautifully finished dacha, it is pleasant not only to relax in the summer, but also to celebrate the winter holidays. So that the holiday is not overshadowed by a sudden blackout, it is better to purchase a generator or use such a useful service as renting a diesel generator for a summer residence.

The video in this article shows some points of the arrangement.

1. Making a log house
2. Aerated concrete building facade
3. Styrofoam and blockhouse
4. The choice of color for a wooden house, its repair and lighting

During the finishing work for a house made of timber or aerated concrete with your own hands, it is necessary to use only high-quality materials that can even change and decorate the design of the building. Let's look at how to sheathe a wooden house from the outside, what is needed for facade lighting, its protection and how better material decorate the house outside.

We sheathe the house outside on our own

Making a log house

Exterior decoration of the house with wood

Before finishing a house from a bar, it should be remembered that significant deformations are possible due to shrinkage of the structure. Therefore, finishing a country house from a bar or country cottage should take place somewhere in 2-3 years after the end of construction. Very often, for facing houses from a bar, they use natural materials such as: wood, stone, metal or decorative plaster.

It is possible to sheathe the house with clapboard from the outside. The use of such material for timber structures is due to the following advantages:

1. The lining is durable and reliable, the design with its help will serve you for quite a long time.
2. Easy installation allows you to do the work yourself
3. Use inside the house allows you to hide communications
4. Good indicators of heat and sound insulation
5. Eco-friendly material is used not only to protect the facade. With the help of lining you can decorate any home
6. Repair of the damaged area is not a problem

In addition to natural elements, artificial materials can also be used. Their advantage lies in the ease of do-it-yourself cladding, low cost, the ability to decorate the facade and give it any color. The durability of such a sheathing allows you to forget about finishing the facade of a house from a bar for a long time. In particular, they use:

• siding panels
• Fiber cement boards
• Thermal panels

Siding panels are the most common and sought-after option for inexpensively finishing your home. The processing of such material is not required, its maintenance is very simple, and even a beginner can master installation and repair. However, having sufficient weight, the panels should only be installed on a reliable foundation and the frame of a house made of timber. Fiber cement boards are also a good design option. The ability to choose any color only makes the plates more in demand.

Brick can be used for the facade of a house made of timber, however, during work, one should not forget about shrinkage. In addition, the brick has a lot of weight, for which the foundation must have special strength. Brick has the following advantages:

1. fireproof
2. Easy to use
3. Aesthetic appearance - the design of the facade will look much more attractive than gray plaster
4. Brick allows you to achieve good sound and heat insulation

In order to use a brick for a wooden house, you should remember the need for ventilation gaps - you can install ventilation grilles at a distance of 2-3 m from each other. In order to connect a brick and a wooden wall, it is necessary to use metal elements. On one side they are attached to a wooden wall, and on the other they are cemented. Brick allows you to give the facade aesthetic appearance and decorate old building. However, due to its cost, brick is not used so often.

Aerated concrete building facade

House decoration outside

Not only the owners of wooden buildings are interested in how to sheathe the house from the outside. What is better to use for aerated concrete houses? Most often, plastering is carried out for aerated concrete walls, but bricks and tiles can be used for them.

Important! Protection of the facade outside the house of aerated concrete should occur after finishing the finishing work inside. This is due to the possibility of unimpeded exit of the formed vapors through the walls.

It should be remembered that ordinary plaster is not used here, since aerated concrete walls instantly absorb moisture. It is for aerated concrete that special mixtures are made that prevent the absorption of moisture. After completion of the plastering processes, you can decorate the facade and give it the desired color with paint. Processing of aerated concrete also occurs with the help of special water repellents. Porcelain stoneware slabs can significantly speed up and simplify the do-it-yourself facing process. The plates are large in size, and their installation takes place not only with the help of adhesive solutions, but also on the crate.

Also recently, wall decoration with a metal profile has become very popular. And if before it was used more for industrial buildings or warehouses, now it is possible to decorate the facade of even a country house with a metal profile. The color of the material is so diverse that it becomes possible to use the most extraordinary colors for the facade. In addition, the metal profile can be fixed both vertically and horizontally. Vertical trim panels is in no way inferior to the horizontal position.

Styrofoam and blockhouse

We sheathe the house with a blockhouse

Very often, when choosing a cladding, the privilege of decorating a blockhouse is given. In order to make the design of a country house with a blockhouse with your own hands, you must:

• The first step is to calculate the required amount of material. Only with the right calculation will you be able to quickly decorate the facade with panels
• Panels should stand for several days after purchase for "acclimatization", installation immediately after purchase is not recommended
• Clear Surface wooden wall for subsequent cladding. In addition, treatment with drying oil, an antibacterial mixture is needed. Also needs primer treatment.
• The crate is made using a level, you need to adhere to a step of 50 cm
• It is enough to simply finish the surface with a blockhouse. Fastening takes place with a tongue-and-groove system and self-tapping screws
• If the walls of the house are covered with a vinyl blockhouse, then a small gap is left to compensate during expansion.

Blockhouse panels are universal: color and texture allow you to implement any design even inside the house. Protection with blockhouse panels indicates the possibility of doing repairs with your own hands, because if scratches appear, it is enough to sand and paint over the surface. The panels have the only drawback that many turn into a virtue: the material needs to be painted periodically. At the same time, it becomes possible to change the color of the walls of the country house.

Warming of the house, as well as its sheathing, can occur with foam. The main thing to remember is that this material requires subsequent plastering. Penoplex finishing is a high-quality protection country house, which will cost you significantly less than paneling siding or using a fiber cement board. Before you start insulation with foam plastic, you should make sure that the walls are even, and if they have significant differences, then the surface will first have to be leveled. The walls are finished with dense foam, the thickness of which should be at least 5 cm, the plates are attached with glue and dowels. It is important to pre-prime the surface and place the foam in a checkerboard pattern. After the foam finish is completed, it is necessary to start plastering the surface. If you have not yet decided how to sheathe the house from the outside, then think about all the usual options: foam insulation and plastering. By the way, if a pigment is added to the plaster solution, then the facade can be given a different color. It seems to me cheaper way There is simply no way to decorate the walls of the house.

The choice of color for a wooden house, its repair and lighting

Of course, over time, dacha wooden house loses its original appearance, and we are starting to repair the facade. But how does it happen, and what kind of wall treatment should be done to preserve the protective properties for wood?

If you do not know what color to choose for the future facade, then you should consider the overall design and color of the roof. Usually in the northern latitudes, warmer shades are used, and in the southern latitudes, cold motives are popular. However, the design of your facade is purely your right, and therefore you can finish it with even blue or lilac paint. It is very common for homeowners to use similar colors for interior design as well as exterior wall decoration. Before you start painting, prepare the surface. In some cases, the facade may only require processing with special stains and impregnations. By the way, varnishing will give the wood its former appearance and thereby protect it from external negative influences.

Repair should include only high-quality materials, and sometimes even those elements with which the building was built. country house. If we talk about wood, then everything is clear, but clay and even manure were often used for buildings. Repair of a summer cottage may well take place without involving people from the outside, because painting the facade, insulating the walls and treating them with various impregnations, repairing the fence can be done independently. Design is also important. interior, it must match the general style of the building. And if you built a wooden house in the country, then it makes no sense to use high-tech style design in it.

When the construction is completed, the owner has to decide how to sheathe the wooden house from the outside. Wood cannot be left unprotected, otherwise it will quickly lose its original appearance and may suffer from insects, rodents and other destructive influences.

There are a lot of cladding options today, and each has its own advantages. The owner will have to choose a material that is durable, beautiful and at the same time inexpensive in order to do without additional costs. How can you sheathe a wooden house outside?

Inexpensive cladding materials

Tiles, porcelain stoneware and other high-strength materials are expensive, in addition, they create an additional load on the foundation.

In order to avoid high costs and at the same time provide home protection, we have to look for more democratic solutions.

First of all, it is siding, materials of natural origin and plaster. Let's take a closer look at the advantages and disadvantages of each solution. How to sheathe a wooden house outside inexpensively?

• Plaster - classic and most cheap option, which until recently was practically the only one. Treatment of walls with plaster increases heat and noise insulation, allows you to completely level the surface, reliably protects wood from the damaging effects of moisture and the sun. In addition, modern plaster compositions make it possible to provide the wall with beautiful finish, so the building will look more than aesthetically pleasing.

However, she has her drawbacks. Plastered walls will have to be updated periodically, as this is not the most durable material.

In addition, applying plaster is a complex multi-stage process that not everyone can do. You can invite a professional team, but its work will be quite expensive.

• Clapboard and block house are materials made of wood. This is the most environmentally friendly solution for a wooden house, which allows you to install a layer of insulation and waterproofing, and at the same time, the house retains the natural beauty that only natural wood can give.

The lining has a smooth surface, and with the help of a block house, you can successfully imitate a rounded log. If you choose what material to sheathe a wooden house on the outside, lining will be one of the best options.

The cons are quite understandable. Since these are natural materials, they also need protective treatment. The lining will have to be treated with antiseptics and painted, only in this case it is guaranteed a long service life.

• Plastic or metal siding. When choosing the best way to sheathe a wooden house from the outside, siding always occupies a special place.

This is one of the most durable and practical solutions: vinyl or aluminum panels do not deteriorate under the influence of natural factors, in addition, they can withstand even very strong fluctuations in temperature and humidity. Externally, siding can completely imitate wood, stone, and other materials, so this finish can become quite aesthetic at a low cost.

What is the best way to sheathe a wooden house outside? Each type of material has its fans and opponents.

For example, siding causes a lot of controversy among the owners of wooden houses: this material has very favorable performance characteristics, but due to its artificial origin, it loses in environmental friendliness.

If you choose how to sheathe a wooden house outside cheaply, this profitable solution, but the appearance of the house will be very simple, which may disappoint lovers of special aesthetics.

How to sheathe a house with siding

When choosing how to sheathe a wooden house from the outside inexpensively, you need to take care not only of buying the cladding itself, but also of acquiring all the materials necessary for installation. The installation of siding, as a rule, involves the creation of a multilayer insulated facade, which is called ventilated due to the presence of a gap between the insulation and the cladding.

If you choose what is better to sheathe a wooden house from the outside, the reviews will tell you that siding remains the most democratic solution. Such a cladding will look good both on a cottage and on a regular one. country house, and on a summer cottage. Even a non-professional can install it:

Installation of siding usually takes little time, this is a fairly simple cladding option. Vinyl panels can have any color, it is quite beautiful and modern look finishes. The color and design of the siding is chosen in accordance with the finish of the plinth and roof, so that the house acquires a harmonious unified look.