Expansion of the window opening in the bearing wall. Expanding openings in load-bearing walls

Expansion of openings in brick and concrete walls. ✔No noise and dust ✔In 1 day! Fast departure across Moscow and MO. There is an SRO permit.

The technology of work also differs depending on the material used to make the walls.

reinforced concrete;
Wooden;
brick;
Aerated concrete.

The most popular today is the expansion of openings made of concrete or brickwork.

Expansion of doorways in brick walls

The expansion of doorways is relevant for redevelopment work in apartments. As a rule, people tend to move away from standard solutions, trying to implement non-standard wishes for the geometry of space. The expansion of the openings makes it possible to mount more functional doors, for example, "accordion" or sliding type.

Expansion of window openings is also a fairly popular service that allows you to implement various design concepts. As in the case of doors, window openings can only be changed after obtaining the appropriate permissions.

IMPORTANT, even before performing any work, clarify whether the wall with a window (or door) is a carrier.

Expansion of openings: price = result in "Diamond CutterService"

Only specialists can guarantee a full range of services and excellent results with minimal customer involvement. It is enough for you to voice your wishes.

Our masters use technology, which allows us to perform work of any complexity in a short time. We are expanding:

Doorways in partitions, walls;
window openings;
Arches and archways;
Niches in foundations;
Openings for technological, ventilation and other purposes.

The cost of expanding the opening in the AlmazorezServis company is democratic. And this is not the only advantage. Among our advantages:

Experienced professionals with a set of necessary skills;
The latest equipment that meets international quality standards;
Accurate work on modern technologies;
Record terms of execution of all orders, even complex ones.

We are constantly improving the methodology for performing work. We are always responsible for quality! Contact.

In the process of repair, for one reason or another, it may be necessary to expand the doorway. It is quite possible to do this, but it is important to follow some rules. The process itself is very laborious, so it should only be performed if it is really necessary and alternative methods cannot be dispensed with.

With a significant expansion of the doorway, the installation of reinforcement is required.

Valid parameters

In a private house, it is much easier to solve the problem of rebuilding individual parts of the building. Nevertheless, we must not forget about the established norms and restrictions. In the apartment, any such actions should be agreed in advance with the BTI. Violation of the norms when trying to expand the opening can lead to the fact that the wall will not withstand the load and the building will become dangerous for people to stay in it.

To prevent this, it is important to know what restrictions exist for expanding the opening of an entrance or interior door. For most designs, the standard dimensions are 70-80 cm. Most often, a change in these values \u200b\u200bis due to the acquisition of a door block of the wrong size.

The maximum allowable openings are 200 cm wide and 210 cm high. At the same time, it is desirable not to build them in load-bearing structures. An exception may be the opening of the front door, but in this case it should be further strengthened.

Scheme of strengthening the opening in the load-bearing wall with the connection of the lintel from channels

Tools for the job

To increase the doorway in modern construction, various tools and fixtures can be used. There are several ways to dismantle the excess wall:

Rough method. In this case, tools such as a sledgehammer, puncher, jackhammer and the like are used. In this case, it is necessary to first outline the contours and use the tools to knock down the excess. Of course, the process is very time-consuming, besides, there is another threat here - the formation of microcracks due to a large shock load. This may require additional finishing work and generally impair the strength of the wall structure.
dry cutting. For this purpose, such a familiar tool as a grinder is used. With its help, you can easily cut out the contours you need in shape. Including she copes with fittings. The downside is that you will have to cut on both sides, and it is not always possible to exactly match the cuts. In addition, dry cutting leads to the formation of a large amount of dust and quickly wears out the diamond blade.
Wet cutting. For this purpose, you can use a spray gun and irrigate the work surface while working with a grinder, but a more rational method would be to use a special construction cutter. It is equipped with a large diamond blade and a water tank. With it, you can cut an opening of the desired size in one go and at the same time with minimal contamination. True, the cost of such equipment is considerable.

The main ways to dismantle part of the wall in the opening

When carrying out such work, be sure to use personal protective equipment: goggles and a respirator, they will protect you from dust and small fragments.

Panel house

Most often, it becomes necessary to expand the doorway in a panel house. In high-rise buildings, this issue is quite problematic, since in addition to a large amount of construction debris, there is also a negative reaction of neighbors to such noisy repair work. That is why it is necessary to minimize the time of dismantling the structure. The best option, affordable, is a grinder.

First you need to completely remove the old door frame from the opening. The supporting wooden beams are also dismantled. Next, you need to make the appropriate measurements and outline the contours of the passage desired in terms of dimensions.

If an opening is being widened in a load-bearing wall, especially adjacent to the front door, an important aspect is the temporary strengthening of the structure. It is best to initially cut out only the upper part and transfer the jumper. Despite the increase in width, it should go deep into the wall by at least 15-20 cm on each side.

When expanding the opening in a panel house, an important aspect is the temporary strengthening of the structure.

Cutting is carried out along the intended contour, first from one side of the room, and then from the other. The most problematic areas are the outlet of the reinforcement. After the metal bars are cut, you can pick up a sledgehammer and remove excess concrete. If the opening area is significant, you need to work in squares. To do this, the wall is divided into sections and sawed additional lines. Dismantling is carried out from top to bottom so that the upper tiers do not fall on you during the work.

Brick house

A slightly different process is the expansion of the opening in a brick wall. It is important to be careful here, as excessive shock loading can lead to the destruction of the entire masonry. It is best to perform this operation in the following sequence:

Outline the contours of the future opening.
Move the jumper if necessary. Can be used as reinforcement metal channel.
You need to remove the extra bricks one by one. To begin with, the solution is cleaned from the seams as much as possible. Then, using a puncher, drill or chisel with a hammer, break the brick into small pieces.
With a large area of work, you can clean the contour of the opening, and knock out the inside of the masonry with a sledgehammer.
The extreme contours are cut off by a grinder. For arched vaults, you first need to free the edges of the bricks around the perimeter.

When expanding the opening in a brick wall, a jumper must be used to strengthen

If you need to make a wide entrance opening in a brick house, you will additionally need to cut off the reinforcement.

After rough work, check the integrity of the masonry and, if necessary, plaster cracks and split seams.

Height increase

In addition to expanding the doorway in the load-bearing wall, it may also be necessary to increase it in height. In this case, you can not do without the transfer of the horizontal jumper. Without it, the entire load will fall on the fragile door structure, which can lead to a collapse of the wall.

How to safely increase the doorway in height? To do this, you must first install props in the aisle. Then, with the help of a grinder, vertical cuts are made and the excess concrete is knocked down. The old jumper is removed. Its edges can be left in the wall or replaced with a brick substrate. The new crossbar is installed higher and covered with mortar. Further work can be done only after it dries.

To safely increase the opening in height, you need to install a jumper

It is not recommended to carry out such manipulations in the bearing wall. If such a need is unavoidable, follow the rules for dismantling and in no case deviate from the established norms, their violation is fraught with a fine and, moreover, life-threatening.

Increasing the passage of laser cutting

Not always the typical layout of the apartment satisfies the wishes of its owners. In this case, it becomes necessary to redevelop it, and often an expansion of the doorway is required.

Such work is carried out after accurate calculations and the availability of a special tool. How to do this will tell the article.

Increasing process

Any redevelopment of the apartment requires compliance with building codes. When moving or expanding the opening for doors, in the bearing wall, weakening of the structure of the house, the occurrence of deformations should not be allowed. Because of this, the redevelopment project must be coordinated with the state supervision authorities.

Some ways to expand the doorway are presented in the table:

Extension method	Peculiarities
Enlargement by the rough method	For do-it-yourself work, you can use: Perforator. Sledgehammer. Jackhammer. In this case, contours are preliminarily outlined, and then excess material is knocked off with tools. The process is quite laborious, and the formation of microcracks that appear due to a strong impact load can lead to a decrease in the strength of the wall structure.
	In this case, a grinder is used, with which you can easily enlarge the door opening along the intended contour. The disadvantage of the process is that you need to cut the wall on both sides. When cutting dry, a lot of dust is produced and the diamond blade wears quickly.
	This method is accompanied by the use of a spray gun, which irrigates the surface while working with the grinder. It is more rational to use a special construction cutter equipped with a large-diameter diamond blade and a water tank. At the same time, in one approach, you can cut off excess sections of the doorway in the wall of the desired size with minimal contamination. But the price of such equipment is quite high.

Standards and approvals

Regardless of the purpose of the building, it has an opening for the door to enter the building and to communicate with neighboring rooms.

There are several reasons why you need to increase the size:

Many people want to visually expand the space, make it bright and spacious, without changing the dimensions of the living space, as in the photo.

Increase

The opening cannot accommodate the acquired modern fashionable door structure.
Production of a door under the order.

Tip: Before you increase the opening in a panel house, you should keep in mind that this is painstaking and not entirely easy work with existing risks, in compliance with standards and tolerances.

There are no special problems to increase the door opening in any wall.

But in the bearing wall they are quite large:

In the absence of a building plan, it is impossible to determine the purpose of the wall, whether it will be load-bearing, which will require additional reinforcement of the structure, or it is enough just to strengthen the ceiling with beams.
It is necessary to have an agreement with the BTI. This will confirm the fact that the load on the wall with an increase in the width of the door will not exceed the exposure limit.
You need to obtain the appropriate permit to perform work.

When redevelopment of an apartment, it is necessary to take into account the parameters of the standards specified in SNiP.

For door blocks, the following dimensions are provided:

The width of the structure is from 55 to 80, depending on the purpose of the opening.
Doors for plumbing units, transitions to the kitchen - 55 centimeters.
For living rooms, bedrooms and entrances - at least 80 centimeters.
Height can vary from 190 to 210 centimeters.
Thickness - 75 millimeters.
Manufacturers offer ready-made blocks, the frame width of which ranges from 15 to 70 mm.

Tip: When determining the dimensions, you should adhere to the requirements of SNiP, and familiarize yourself with the existing restrictions on its expansion.

How much can be expanded offers an instruction that combines the following rules:

The maximum allowable dimensions of a wall for a load-bearing wall can be: width - 2 meters, height - 2.1 meters.
With an increase in size, spans between adjacent rooms must be further strengthened at the ends with supports.
Expanded to the maximum size and more passages in the main walls, it is recommended to strengthen the support in the center.

strengthening

Important documents when expanding the passage between the premises in the apartment are:

Plan of stages of work.
Architectural plan.
Floor plan of the building.
Extract from the house book, if available.
Certificates from the BTI on the permission to carry out redevelopment.

Preparation for work

Having decided on which wall the expansion of the doorway will be performed, you need to find out about it:

Is there hidden wiring inside the wall.
The presence of fittings or pipes.
Is there a chimney and where is it located.

To obtain this information, you must use a metal detector. If any obstacles are found in the wall, they can be removed:

Move the wiring to another place.
Retreat at least 300 millimeters from the chimney.
Dismantling pipes and moving them to another place - but this will require the help of a specialist.

Expansion Order

Interroom enlarged passage

Enlarging a doorway in walls made of any material includes the following steps:

Marking the required dimensions of the structure.

markup

Dismantling of the required area.

Strengthening the opening to ensure its strength and prevent collapse or deformation.

To dismantle the structure, you can use impact tools, sawing or drilling equipment.

Depending on the material from which the wall is built, these can be:

Perforator.
Jackhammer.
Special circular saw with a diamond wheel.
Bulgarian.
Electric drill with a diamond drill.
Hand tools: chisel, hammer, sledgehammer.

Tip: More attention should be paid to working with high strength concrete walls. It requires very precise work, and excludes vibration and damage to surrounding structures.

For work you will need the following materials:

Wooden bar.
Corner, dimensions not less than 35x35x4 mm.
Components for the manufacture of concrete mortar.
Boards.
Hardware.

To better imagine the process of increasing the opening for the door, you should get acquainted with the video in this article.

Expansion of a passage in a brick wall

The work is performed in the following sequence:

We mark along the contour.

If necessary, the jumper is transferred.
The upper masonry is reinforced with a metal channel.
The grinder cuts out a part of the wall according to the marked marks.

For cleaning the perimeter are used: a chisel with hammer blows, a drill or a perforator.
It is better to remove excess elements from the wall with your hands, having previously removed the mortar from the seams (see).
A welded structure is mounted around the perimeter.

Tip: After finishing work, you should check the integrity of the brickwork wall. If splits in the seams and cracks are found, they must be plastered.

Expanding an opening in a concrete wall

Expansion in a concrete wall: installation procedure

In order to perform the process correctly, you must first:

Prepare a space for work: furniture and other items are covered with construction film, which will save them from excess dust.
Buy special bags for collecting wall pieces and other debris, which are then quickly and easily taken out and loaded into the car.
Use a respirator and special goggles to protect the face and eyes from dust and small fragments during dismantling.

Stages of scaling up:

The old door structure is being dismantled:

The platbands and extensions are torn off with a nail puller.
The canvas is removed from the hinges, prying it from below with a crowbar.
Vertical racks are cut with a grinder and torn off with the same nail puller.
The upper jumper is torn off or left in place.

The contour of the increase in span is marked along the perimeter of the wall.
Holes are made along the contour with an impact drill to simplify further destruction.
Panel cutting is performed in turn on each side.
After cutting through the reinforcement, the remnants of the wall are removed by blows with a sledgehammer.
The opening is reinforced with metal corners, strips or pieces of rod.

Increasing order

Whichever way the expansion is carried out, it is necessary that the whole process is carried out in accordance with safety requirements.

When working on the reconstruction of buildings and their redevelopment, it often becomes necessary to widen the doorway in a brick wall. Today, many people are moving away from the standard layouts of apartments that used to be built standard.

If earlier we adjusted our furniture to the geometry of existing walls, then in modern conditions, on the contrary, many can afford to tie the layout to our desires, convenience of living.

Many go to combine living rooms with a kitchen, personal hygiene rooms with a toilet, install more functional doors in order to save usable space - sliding doors, accordion doors, which is associated with a change in the size of the openings.

In addition, when replacing old doors with new ones, we often want modern doors to look in the same style and have a different width. I also want to add here that the existing openings often do not suit us with their location, so it makes sense to lay them and complete them in more convenient places.

Based on all this, let's consider the question of how to properly expand the doorway in a brick wall, comply with all regulatory documents, and issue permits for these works.

General provisions

The expansion of the doorway, as well as the expansion of the window opening in a brick wall, is based on the construction of the walls.

By the nature of the work of the wall can be divided:

Carriers- in addition to their own weight, they perceive and transfer to the foundation loads from higher structures (ceiling, stairs, roof, etc.).
Self-supporting- rest on the foundation and bear the load only from the own weight of the walls of all floors of the building.
Non-bearing- perceive their own weight only within one floor and transfer it floor by floor to other building elements. These include brick partitions.

Before starting work, you should decide on this issue. According to the architectural and planning decision, the load-bearing wall can also be located inside the apartment.

Therefore, any redevelopment, as well as reconstruction, requires an agreed project by a design organization that makes all the proper calculations and gives you a project to work with.

This is not discussed, as it is provided for by regulatory documents, but it can’t be done “maybe”, because you can get a collapse of the structure of the higher floors, injury and prosecution.

And now we go directly to our walls. The expansion and further strengthening of the opening in the wall according to the options can be two:
The first is the expansion of the doorway in a brick load-bearing and self-supporting wall(principle is the same).
The second is a non-bearing wall or brick partition.

Let us dwell in more detail and consider the technology for performing the work of both options.

Step by step action plan

First option

Consider the most common option - expanding the doorway in a brick wall. Before the start of work, a reinforcing metal jumper must be installed above the opening.

We knock down a layer of plaster from the surface in places where the expansion is designed and above the opening so that the jumper and the masonry above it are visible - 30 cm is enough.

We mark the future opening with chalk, lead, other material that leaves a noticeable mark. The width of the opening cannot exceed 2 meters because the redistribution of loads can become dangerous, or, if this is the case, then they go to install an additional support - columns.

In the event that the jumper (run) turned out to be shorter than the width of the opening, then it should be supported with racks for the duration of the work in order to avoid accidental collapse.

It will take part of the load from the overlying structures, and you can work calmly. Its edges must necessarily go beyond the boundaries of the future opening at a distance of at least 250 mm on each side.

Let us now consider the most popular option when the frame is made of two paired channels No. 14-20, which are pulled together by through studs with washers and nuts.

Before installing a new lintel above the opening in the wall, seats are made - niches on its two sides, immediately above the existing lintel.

The depth of the niche for installing the channel should be approximately equal to the size of the channel shelf so that it does not protrude beyond the plane of the masonry and is subsequently hidden under a layer of plaster.

The number of studs for strength reasons should be at least three - with a diameter of 16 mm or more, the distance between the studs should not exceed 400 mm.

When tightening the channels for a uniform fit to the surface of the niche, a solution of M-100 is placed under the walls of the channel, which fills the irregularities on the inner surface of the niche.

Holes are drilled in the walls of the channels with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the studs. The holes on both channels must be coaxial. The channel is installed in a niche and through holes are marked in the wall, which are then drilled. After that, jumpers are installed.

Now you can start dismantling the masonry to widen the doorway along the markings to the foundation or floor slab.

The expansion of the opening in a brick wall is associated with obtaining even vertical edges of the opening to be broken, which is achieved by sawing out masonry fragments with a grinder saw with a diamond blade.

Oh, and this is a thankless task - dust is everywhere, wetting with water will not help either. You have to work in a respirator. The cutting is done, it is convenient to disassemble the masonry with a perforator.

If the jumper is less than the width of the opening in length and it seems to “hang” over it, then it must be dismantled.

The next step is the installation of side racks framing the opening and resting with their upper end against a metal beam - a jumper. They are made from a corner of 75-100mm. We fix the connection with the beam by welding in the corners at the junction of the stiffeners.

Racks must be rigidly fixed in the opening, for which they are interconnected along the thickness of the wall with strip steel, to which sharpened pins from reinforcement with a diameter of 12 mm are welded into the wall.

At the bottom of the opening, a spacer is made from a corner of 45-50 mm or reinforcement with a diameter of 20-25 mm, which will then hide in the thickness of the floor. All metal elements are welded together, forming a strong metal frame - the so-called "clip".

It is also possible to expand the doorway in a brick wall with reinforcement of the lintel from two corners No. 100-150. Between themselves, the corners are connected by tightening strips, stripes. Further, everything is performed in the same way as described above.

We strengthen the expanded opening with a corner

Second option

With non-load-bearing walls and partitions, everything is much simpler, since this is a structure made within the same floor and does not carry the load from the overlying structures. Read more about brick partitions in the article at the link.

Based on the constructive solution, the thickness of the partitions is taken much thinner and is erected in a quarter or half a brick. Labor costs when changing the size of the doorway are correspondingly less.

I will describe the process in less detail, since the technology is one and all the stages are described in detail above.

Step by step it looks like this:

Marking on the surface of the contour of the future opening.

Dismantling the brickwork above the existing doorway, removing the old lintel.

We install a longer jumper over the widened doorway. We lay out on top of the brickwork.

If necessary (for example, with a partition height of 4 meters), the newly erected section of the partition is attached to the ceiling with special embedded parts.

Sometimes, in critical structures, the thickness of the masonry is increased to one brick - all according to the calculations and dimensions of the room.

After completing the entire procedure for widening the opening, strengthening it, an act of hidden work is drawn up, which is signed by a representative of the technical supervision of the customer.

Only after that, proceed to the plaster. In order for the plaster to adhere firmly and with high quality to the metal, it is covered with a “chain-link” metal mesh with a small cell.