Cleaning of heating systems by hydropneumatic washing. Flushing heating systems

Flushing ( cleaning) water supply heating systems - why is it necessary. All pipeline systems will sooner or later become clogged. various types deposits. In many cases, when operating a pipeline system, cleaning ( flushing) and disinfection of heating and water supply networks is carried out only in connection with problems encountered during operation. This approach usually leads to unsolvable problems. simple methods. Strong blockages occur, traffic jams form in the system and, worst of all, expensive equipment fails. As a result, one has to resort to drastic measures. Repair, replacement of sections of the pipeline, replacement of equipment - all this is laborious and very costly. It is much more correct and profitable to build an operation system in such a way that the deadlines for routine and preventive maintenance are fully observed. This will avoid unplanned situations and, most importantly, breakdowns of your network. An integral part of routine maintenance for heat supply networks (water supply) is the flushing of supply systems. Timely flushing of supply systems will allow you to:

• Improve system performance;
• Reduce energy costs;
• Eliminate emergency situations during operation;
• Extend system life.

Employees of the GLOBAL-ENGINEERING company are ready to flush, descale and remove deposits from any pipeline system (heating, cooling, cold water and hot water).

In the list of services we provide :

Flushing ( cleaning) heating systems

Flushing ( cleaning) water supply systems

Flushing ( cleaning) air conditioning systems

Flushing ( cleaning) pipeline pipes

Flushing ( cleaning) radiators, batteries

Flushing ( cleaning) heat exchange equipment

Pressure testing of heating and water supply systems

There are 2 types of flushing of supply systems:

Chemical flush ( cleaning

The system is filled with a reagent (special cleaning fluid). With the help of special equipment, the reagent is circulated through the system. During circulation, the reagent allows you to remove scale and deposits formed in the system. The selection of the reagent should be carried out by specialists guided by the results of the analyzes performed. After flushing, the reagent is removed from the system and the system is further flushed. After flushing, the system is filled with coolant and pressurized.

Hydropneumatic ( hydrodynamic) flushing ( cleaning) heating systems, water supply

Flushing ( cleaning) heating, water supply systems are made using a special compressor unit. In this flushing method, deposits are affected by water under high pressure. The high pressure compressor generates pulses that act on scale and deposits. Using this method, it is possible to flush the system without using chemicals. When using professional flushing equipment and strictly following the technology, the possibility of damage to the system components is completely excluded. Before washing in this way, all calculations should be carried out by experienced specialists. Other mechanical methods can lead to breakage or failure of the system. In the arsenal of our company there is an extensive list of special equipment for flushing systems. OOO GLOBAL-ENGINEERING is ready to provide services for high-quality flushing of heating systems, water supply by the hydrodynamic method. Hydrodynamic flushing is one of the highly effective ways cleaning engineering systems.

It is also possible to use a combined system flushing method, when a chemical solution is used as a working fluid during hydropneumatic flushing.

We offer a comprehensive service for the heating system, water supply of your home or business. The list of work performed includes:

Chemical flush ( cleaning

Hydropneumatic flushing ( cleaning) heating systems, water supply at home

Flushing and pressure testing of the heating system, water supply at home

Flushing ( cleaning) pipelines (external, internal) of the heating system, water supply at home

Repair of the heating system, water supply at home

Repair of pipelines (external, internal) of the heating system, water supply at home

Flushing and pressure testing of the heating system cost (price)

The price of flushing (cleaning) the heating system, water supply at home plays an important role. Our experts are ready to advise you and offer best option work that will allow minimal cost achieve the best result.

Flushing the pipeline system: who to trust ?

You can try to fix the system yourself, but the consequences can be dire. If you choose the wrong composition for washing (reagent), it will destroy the solder joints, ruin the seals. Hydropneumatic ( hydrodynamic) cleaning the system without special equipment and skills can damage the equipment and components. This will lead to the need to replace expensive components or parts of the system.

Our company has many years of experience in providing various services such as heating flushing and water supply flushing. All work is carried out in compliance with all the rules and recommendations of regulatory and technical documentation in this industry. If you need to flush the refrigeration supply or flush the system for any other purpose, before putting it into operation or after an emergency, contact our employees for help, and they will do everything that is necessary as quickly and professionally as possible.

Contact LLC. GLOBAL ENGINEERING . The result of our work is always the same - high efficiency and uninterrupted operation of the equipment.

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Gradual corrosion of metal inner surface pipes and radiators in the heating circuit, crystallization of salts in the coolant lead to clogging of the heating system and a decrease in its overall efficiency.

Regular flushing of the heating system with the removal of foreign particles from the heating circuit will help prevent this.

For normal functionality, nothing should interfere with the movement of the coolant through the channels built for it.

There are several symptoms that a large amount of debris has accumulated inside the heating circuit, and scale has settled on the walls of the pipes. There are no obvious visual signs of clogging of the heating system.

You can diagnose it by carefully monitoring the operation of the entire system and the appearance of a number of indirect signs:

• warming up the system takes longer than before (for autonomous heating systems);
• the operation of the boiler is accompanied by sounds uncharacteristic for it;
• increased consumption of gas or electricity;
  temperature in different parts radiators varies significantly;
• radiators are noticeably cooler than supply pipes.

However, weak or uneven heating of the batteries is not always a sign of clogging. Perhaps they were airing. In such a situation, it is enough to reset the air lock through.

Without regular flushing of heating systems, pipes become overgrown, their flow area decreases, resulting in an increase in hydraulic resistance

In houses with a centralized heating system, flushing must be carried out by employees of the heating company. In a private house, this procedure is carried out by the owners or invited specialists.

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So, for example, in centralized heating systems, the coolant must go through a water treatment cycle, which reduces the degree of pollution. True, this rule is not always followed. And the system itself is often in operation for the third or fourth decade, and the amount of garbage circulating inside increases every year.

But how for centralized networks, and for , it is recommended to flush annually. Which, by the way, is confirmed by the requirements of building codes. It is this period that is considered critical for the accumulation of the amount of debris inside the circuit, which significantly reduces the efficiency of work.

If the system is not flushed before the start of the heating season, the pipeline becomes clogged, appliances and heating equipment fail prematurely

Options for flushing heating systems

Depending on the degree of clogging of the heating system, the volumes and length of the circuits, several options for flushing heating systems can be implemented:

• mechanical;
• hydrochemical;
• hydrodynamic;
• hydropneumatic;
• electrohydropulse.

The first two methods do not require sophisticated equipment and can be carried out without problems. on their own. The rest of the methods require an appropriate level technical equipment performers. Therefore, for their implementation, you will either have to rent equipment, or invite specialists who perform such work.

Batteries accumulate solid particles that precipitate, which can be removed by mechanical cleaning and further flushing. clean water from the tap

But anyway there is certain rules flushing of autonomous or centralized heating systems, non-compliance with which will make the procedure ineffective. Next, let's talk in detail about each of the cleaning options, so that the effect of the procedure is maximum.

Method # 1 - mechanical flushing

It should be noted right away that such flushing is focused, first of all, on cleaning radiators from accumulated dirt, and to a lesser extent from scale on the inner surface of the circuit. Shut-off valves, expansion tank and, if it is installed in the system, will have to be cleaned separately.

Before starting flushing, care should be taken to ensure that the spent, during the cleaning process, goes out in a minimum amount. It is necessary to start the procedure by closing the valves that limit the flow of coolant into the circuit.

If the procedure is carried out in a high-rise building, then the valves are usually located in the basement of the house. In a private house, the valves are closed before and after the boiler.

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The next step is to drain the coolant from the circuit. This can be done either through the drain valve, which was originally installed during the installation of the system. If there is no such tap, then draining is done by unscrewing the plug on the radiator located below or farthest from all the others.

It is most convenient to discharge the coolant through a hose connected to a drain tap and led into a toilet bowl or other plumbing fixture connected to the sewer. mechanical cleaning it will be more effective if you first dismantle the batteries and clean the pipes separately.

When dismantling the system for flushing and cleaning mechanically it is more convenient to use a universal tool - a pipe wrench

The procedure for dismantling radiators from different materials essentially no different. But in any case, you should prepare a container for draining the remaining coolant. To carry out the procedure itself, you will need keys of the appropriate size. To unify the process, it will be useful to have a pipe wrench in the arsenal - the “butt”.

Depending on which one, the dismantling procedure is also different. In any case, the radiator has an inlet and outlet for the coolant. In the process of dismantling, we release the union nuts connecting the radiators with pipes. On the first one or two turns of the nut, you must be prepared for the fact that the remaining water will begin to ooze from the connection. We collect it with a rag.

After the looseness of the untwisted joint " pipe-radiator» increases, we collect the flowing coolant into a container - a basin, a trough or something similar. At the same time, we carefully monitor that the coolant does not leak to the lower floor.

Flushing of heating devices can be carried out without dismantling the system. Cleaning is carried out with a hydraulic or pneumatic ram, exposure to chemical solvents or electrical impulses

After dismantling the radiator, we take it out either into the yard or into the bathroom. At the same time, we cover the plumbing from damage enamel coating thick cloth, which then it is not a pity to throw away. or baths must be covered with a mesh to prevent clogging of the siphon and sewerage.

Mechanical cleaning of the radiator can be done with a cable, similar to the one used to clean the sewer. We carry out the same procedure with pipelines. However, for a network with big amount turns mechanical flushing will be difficult.

After the cleaning of the batteries and pipelines is completed, we proceed to flush them with water. We wash the radiators in the same place in the bath or in the yard, directing a jet of water from a hose inward.

For flushing pipes, it is more convenient to use hoses with adapters. They allow hermetically docking hoses for supplying water to the heating circuit and for draining it into the sewer. Flushing the heating system with water is carried out until it becomes clean at the outlet.

Draining fluid from heavy cast iron radiator better done together

After flushing the radiators and pipes, you can repeat the mechanical cleaning procedure. To make the procedure more efficient, it is better to insert the cable in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the coolant.

This is done so that the “flakes” that have settled in the direction of movement are torn off as a result of mechanical contact. If there is less dirt in the outflowing water than during the first round of cleaning, then the procedure is effective.

Method # 2 - hydrodynamic cleaning

When choosing this method of cleaning systems, the procedure will require special equipment. Water in this case is not supplied from a tap using a conventional hose, but from a high-pressure pump.

Sometimes, during hydrodynamic flushing, the pump is connected to the gap in the heating circuit as far as possible from the discharge point dirty water. But more often a special hose with a trailer is used for these purposes.

The design of the end nozzle has holes of small diameter. Through them the water under the high pressure is coming out.

It is the accentuated effect of water jets supplied under pressure that makes it possible to effectively deal with mud and salt deposits. The supply hose can be deliberately stopped at potentially problem areas for more efficient cleaning.

For the production of flushing the heating circuit in a hydrodynamic way, equipment is required that can create the necessary water pressure. The disadvantage of the method is that it helps to free the system only from water-soluble substances.

When selecting a hose for hydrodynamic flushing, it must be taken into account that with sufficient rigidity it is possible to apply pressure further from the inlet. True, at the bends of the pipes of the heating system, such a hose is problematic to move further.

Therefore, when carrying out hydrodynamic flushing using a hose, it will be necessary to sequentially open the heating circuit in several places to supply water to all points.

Method # 3 - chemical flushing of the system

Flushing can also be performed without mechanical intervention. For these purposes, there are either ready-made chemical compounds, or solutions that are easy to prepare handicraft. Dismantling of heating radiators is not required.

The figure shows sections of the pipeline before (left) and after (right) the application of a chemical solution to clean the heating system. Hydro chemical method cleaning consists in the effect of aqueous solutions of various solvents on the inner surface of the pipeline, instruments, fittings

The disadvantage of chemical flushing is the prohibition of using aluminum radiators for flushing and in large numbers caustic solutions that require disposal in specially designated areas.

If the heating circuit is not very clogged, then for its preventive flushing it is quite possible to use:

• caustic soda;
• vinegar;
• available acids (phosphoric, orthophosphoric and others);
• whey and others.

But it is better to use specially designed formulations for these purposes. Their packaging will not only indicate the recommended use case (, nature of pollution, etc.), but also detailed instructions by application.

Orientation to the instructions will allow not only to use the composition as efficiently as possible, but also to clean the heating system at the lowest cost.

Before starting a chemical flush, carefully read the instructions on the reagent package. All instructions of the manufacturer of the cleaning agent must be followed exactly.

It is recommended to maintain the time intervals of the reagents as accurately as possible. At the same time, in autonomous systems, do not forget to turn on the circulation pump to ensure even distribution of the “activated” coolant.

To carry out this type of flushing, it is useful to have at its disposal a pump with a capacity - a booster. In order to connect it to the system, it is necessary to organize a gap in the circuit. This can be done, for example, by disconnecting the direct flow from the boiler to the heating circuit. Also, a tap must be provided in the circuit to dump the used reagent.

With the help of a booster, you can flush not only the entire heating system, but also its individual components

In order for the destruction of scale on pipes and radiators to be uniform, after pumping the reagent, we leave it in the system for a period of several hours to several days. The main disadvantage of this cleaning method is the possible negative effect of the active substance on the surface of the pipes. Therefore, after processing the system, we rinse it with clean water.

A more gentle, but similar in action, method of cleaning the pipes of the heating system from overgrowth is dispersed cleaning.

In this case, a reagent is introduced into the system, which acts exclusively on the settled particles. In this case, the metal remains without negative impact. And the procedure itself is similar to chemical cleaning.

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Method #4 - hydropneumatic cleaning

One of the most effective and harmless to equipment cleaning options for accumulated dirt is flushing the heating system. hydropneumatic method. Its essence lies in the supply of air under high pressure into the heating circuit.

Air is supplied to the circuit by a compressor. In this case, turbulent flows with high kinetic energy are created inside the pipelines. Due to this, there is a breakdown of growths from the inner surface and the washing out of accumulated dirt from the radiators.

Turbulent flows do not pass through the heating circuit constantly, but from time to time in the form of short-term impulses. These impulses are generated by air gun. The connection of the compressor to the circuit is carried out through check valve. This will prevent water from entering the compressor.

Pressurized air can be supplied through the inlet (outlet) of one of the radiators or a hose can be connected instead of a plug

For flushing, we block the flow of coolant into the circuit. Then turn on the compressor air gun. If flushing is performed without dismantling the radiators, then on the farthest radiator we unscrew the plug and connect the garbage disposal hose through the adapter and bring it into the toilet.

The first air supply to the system should be done in the direction opposite to the direction of circulation of the coolant. A repeat procedure can be performed by changing direction (reversing the hoses for supplying pressure and dumping debris).

Can hydropneumatic Flushing should be carried out with the dismantling of radiators. It will be more troublesome, but also more efficient. Then it is better to take the batteries outside and rinse there.

After the end of the flushing procedure, we connect the circuit to the boiler and let it into the coolant pipeline. Those debris that is in the system will be washed out with water.

Then briefly block the flow of coolant, undock drain hose and put the plug back in place. Now you can start the system to work.

A coaxial cable as a full-fledged generator of electrical impulses can be fed into a heat exchanger of any type and into a system of almost any diameter and configuration

Method #5 - electrohydropulse technique

The operation of this flushing method is based on the use of electrical impulse energy, which is aimed at destroying salts that have settled on the walls of pipelines. It is effective precisely for such a fight against such clogging of heating systems. The pipes themselves are not affected.

Which option for flushing the system to choose and how exactly to perform the procedure - with the involvement of specialists or on your own - it all depends on the characteristics of the dwelling and the capabilities of its owner, as well as the option chosen and the availability, if necessary, of special equipment

A special apparatus is used to generate an electrical impulse. A coaxial cable is connected to it, at the opposite end of which a discharge is formed, the shock wave from which destroys scale on the inner surface.

After that, the system is washed with clean water to remove foreign particles separated from the surfaces.

Carrying out the cleaning of the system by the electric pulse method of cleaning requires the presence of special equipment. But its efficiency is quite high and there is no need to disassemble the system for flushing. At the same time, unlike chemical cleaning, all slag can be poured into the sewer without hesitation.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Video #1 Application efficiency hydropneumatic flushing radiators can be estimated by the amount of dirt thrown out:

Video #2 Subtleties of execution chemical type flushing the heating system are set out in the following plot provided by the owner of a private household:

Any of the considered options for flushing heating systems is not an overly complicated procedure. With some experience in plumbing work and, in some cases, special equipment that can be rented, this operation can be done by hand.

Eliminate interruptions in the heating system high-rise buildings associated with clogged pipes and batteries, hydropneumatic flushing will help. The need for it is mandatory if extraneous noises are often heard from the batteries, or it is heated unevenly.

What is hydropneumatic flushing?

Among the existing methods of cleaning the heating system, it is used most often. The principle of such flushing is to pressurize compressed air into the heating system, which is completely filled with coolant. In this case, a slurry is formed inside the pipes and batteries, which is a bubbling compound between water and air, which is fed into the pipes in jolts. Such a pulse action on the walls leads to the destruction of deposits and scale. Which, after cleaning, are eliminated through the drain holes into the sewer.

The impulsivity and strength of the shocks is adjustable, so it can be changed step by step. The process continues until pure water. After that, the system must be pressure tested, which is necessary to check the system for tightness. Sometimes there are cases that after washing in places where there was scale, a leak forms. Previously, such through holes were simply covered with deposits.

The scheme of such washing is shown in the diagram:

According to the norms in apartment buildings, flushing is carried out once a year without fail. Owners of private houses carry out pipe cleaning only if the batteries begin to heat noticeably worse. For prevention, it is not advisable to carry it out, since it is required to pay for calling the appropriate power supply services.

Varieties of hydropneumatic flushing

Hydro-pneumatic flushing is of two types.

First method

The flow method assumes that the system will be completely filled with water:

• The air collector valve is in the open position.
• After the maximum filling of the heating pipeline, the valve closes, while the compressor pre-connected to the system pumps compressed air.
• The liquid, together with it, acting on the walls of the pipes, cleans them.
• All the contents of the pipes are discharged through the outlet pipe.

The end of flushing will be indicated by clean water without impurities coming out of the open pipe.

Second method

The filling method is similar to that described above, but with it the sequence of actions is somewhat different:

• Water is supplied through one pipe, and the valve on it closes.
• Compressed air is supplied through another pipe. It lasts about a quarter of an hour, and for lightly contaminated pipes in a small system, it may take only five minutes.
• The valve on the pipe, through which the air was supplied, closes, and the second one on the drain pipe opens, and water with impurities is removed through it.

After that, the system is washed several times with clean water.

Instructions for hydropneumatic flushing

It should be carried out regularly for individual risers or their groups. Before starting work, it is necessary to decide in which risers it will be done this time in order to install locking equipment at their ends.

The course of action is as follows:

• Remove the nozzles and diaphragms from the hydraulic elevator, if there is one in the system.
• Drain the circuit into the sewer to drain contaminated water.
• Conduct a thermal imaging inspection of the internal surfaces of radiators, if special equipment is available.
• Shut off the thermal valve located on the "return" pipe.
• Fill the system with water to remove air from it, with the air collector valve open. As soon as the system is full, the valve is closed.
• Connect the compressor to the metering valve, open the reset on the "return".
• Open the valve when the pressure on the compressor reaches 0.6 MPa;
• Close the risers and rinse them one by one. Flushing should be carried out until purified water comes out of the hose.
• Switch the heating circuit from supply to return. Flush all risers in reverse.

After the flushing process is completed, the system must be filled with water, as its pipes must not be left empty.

Washing equipment

It is selected depending on the chemical composition of the water in the pipes, which is the coolant, the degree of contamination of the pipes and batteries. The main unit for such washing is the compressor.

There are several of its models, the most popular are:

• CILLIT–BOY Station. This is a state of the art device electronic control. The cost of purchasing it can soon pay off, since such a unit can be used not only for flushing heating, but also for cleaning drinking water from bacteria, as well as maintenance of the "warm floor" system. When used for heating, compressed air and water are evenly supplied. Its washing power is enough not only to clean pipes and radiators, but also to remove scale from the inside of the heating boiler, which prolongs its life and increases the heating level.
• Rocal. This compact compressor is mainly used for washing copper and steel pipes. It can clean systems with a capacity of up to 300 liters. It maintains a constant pressure of 1 bar, and its performance, despite its small size, reaches 40 liters per minute.
• Ropulse. A powerful device that is used not only to flush the heating system, but also to purify the water going through the pipes to the house. It is permissible to use it for cleaning the "warm floor" and cleaning solar collectors from silt deposits. When purifying drinking water with such a device, not only rust and debris are removed from it, but also bacteria.
• Romantic 20. It is suitable for removing scale in heating pipes. It provides for automatic regulation of the pulse interval. The head height reaches 10 meters, the pressure is 1.5 bar, and the performance is the same as in the Rokal installation. It can be used for systems whose volume does not exceed 300 liters.

A useful device for ensuring high-quality flushing is a thermal imager, but few can afford it, most often, a thermal imaging survey is ordered from private firms. Available among its counterparts is the Seek Thermal thermal imager with the following characteristics:

• the color screen displays an image at an angle of view of 36 degrees;
• on the lens of the device there is a focus ring;
• the shooting frequency reaches 9 Hz.

It can accurately determine the temperature of the heater and identify the most polluted places. Using the device, you can instantly get the entire thermal picture of the object.

Video: How does hydropneumatic flushing work?

To appreciate the difference between hydropneumatic flushing and chemical flushing, it is suggested to watch the following video:

Any heating system requires regular cleaning. The hydropneumatic flushing method is the most popular today. This is due to the fact that after it the heating system almost completely restores its throughput resulting in the most economical use of energy resources.

During the operation of the water heating system, lime scale forms on the inner surface of the walls of pipes and radiators, a layer of rust forms. Over time, this will interfere with the normal operation of the heat supply. Therefore, periodic flushing of the heating system of a private house and apartment is needed, acts and samples of which are an integral part of the procedure.

The relevance of flushing heating

First of all, it is necessary to determine that the time has come to clean the heat supply from deposits. High-quality flushing of boilers and heating systems is necessary if malfunctions are clearly observed, the heat transfer of radiators and batteries has significantly decreased.

During the operation of heating pipes and radiators, plaque is formed, which includes rust (25%), lime deposits (60%) and components from copper and zinc oxides (15%). To remove them, timely flushing of the heating system in a private house is necessary. According to current regulations the frequency of this procedure is determined. It depends on the material of manufacture of heat supply and the period of its operation. On average, the frequency of flushing the heating system by the hydraulic method is 1 time per year. Chemical cleaning is performed less frequently - 1 time in 5-7 years.

Exist certain signs in heating operation, which indicate the need for flushing:

• Reducing the calculated volume of coolant. This is due to a decrease in the cross section of the pipes due to the formed plaque;
• Heat dissipation is lower. If the flushing of heating radiators in the apartment was not performed long time– lime deposits will reduce the heat transfer rate of the battery;
• Frequent clogging of filters, breakdowns circulation pump . When a certain thickness is reached, the scale will begin to collapse. Its particles in the coolant will clog the filters, and may cause the pump to fail.

If at least one of the above signs is present, it is necessary to flush the heating system with your own hands or with the help of services specialized companies. But even if there are no deviations in the work of heat supply, this procedure should still be carried out. The recommended frequency of flushing the heating system was mentioned above.

If you want to clean the heat supply yourself, you will need a unit for flushing heating systems. It is best to rent it, as the purchase price will be high.

Hydraulic flushing of heating

One of the simplest and most effective ways to clean the inside of pipes and radiators is to hydraulically attack limescale. This requires a compressor to flush the heating system with a filtration system.

The essence of this method is to create a large water pressure with the help of special equipment, which destroys plaque on pipes and radiators. For this, a special liquid for flushing heating is not used. A feature of the technology is the use of hoses with nozzles. They have small nozzles that create the required water pressure.

In this way, it is impossible to remove scale from the entire system at once. First, heat supply areas are determined where you need to flush the heating system with your own hands. Then the inlet and outlet pipes from the pump are connected, forming a closed loop. The degree of purification is controlled by filter clogging, which must be included in the compressor configuration for flushing the heating system. Also, when choosing this cleaning method, you need to consider the following nuances:

• Pressure value. It must be at least 0.6 MPa. Otherwise, the plaque will not collapse, which will affect the effectiveness of the procedure;
• Pipe material. In the process of flushing boilers and heating systems, other components of the heat supply must not be affected. This can happen if you exceed maximum pressure for metal-plastic and polypropylene highways;
• Removal of air pockets. Before flushing the heating radiators in the apartment, you need to open the Mayevsky tap and wait for air to escape from the system. Only then can cleaning be carried out.

Despite the effectiveness of this method, it is not used often. This is due to the complexity and strict rules for performing the procedure. Therefore, most often used special solutions for flushing the heating system.

In order to avoid creating emergency situations, before connecting the compressor to flush the heating system, it is necessary to perform calculations of the main indicators - maximum pressure, head velocity, etc.

Chemical flushing of the heating system

Almost all types of deposits on pipes and radiators can be dissolved using special chemicals. Chemical flushing of the heating system is less laborious than hydraulic flushing and does not require sophisticated equipment.

The principle of this method is to destroy the sediment layer. Losing its homogeneity, it is divided into many small particles, which are then removed from the heating system.

For this you need to use special liquid for flushing heating, which will not have a destructive effect on pipes and radiators. Therefore, before cleaning, it is necessary to choose the right chemical solution.

There are two ways to chemically flush the heating system:

• Connected to the system. It is similar to hydraulic, except working environment. Instead of a descaling hose, a radiator cleaner is used. In this way, radiators and heat supply pipes are cleaned;
• Dismantling of heating elements. In this case, it will not be necessary to rent or purchase an installation for flushing heating systems. It is important to choose the right fluid. After dismantling the complex heat exchanger gas boiler it is placed in a container into which a solution is poured to flush the heating system. After a certain period of time, the heat exchanger is washed with water and re-installed in the boiler.

In most cases, special chemicals are used to flush the heating. Its composition is not disclosed by the manufacturer. But it is known that stonecrop is obtained most effectively when using inorganic acids in various proportions - hydrochloric, sulfuric and orthophosphoric. To improve the result, special additives and inhibitors are added to the chemistry for heating flushing. They form an additional layer on the inner surface of steel pipes and radiators, protecting them from oxidation. At the end of the procedure, an act of flushing the heating system is necessarily drawn up, where these funds are indicated.

To neutralize the chemical impact on pipes and radiators, in some cases, before washing boilers and heat supply systems, calcined or baking soda. But this should be determined only by a specialist.

Rules for flushing heating in an apartment building

Compliance with the frequency of flushing the heating system in apartment building is an important step in heating maintenance. However, not every tenant knows who should be responsible for this procedure and the procedure for its implementation.

It should be noted that the entire heating system in an apartment building is divided by ownership. Everything that is located in the apartment must be serviced by its owner. Support working condition all other highways and elements are obliged to the Management Company, using special installations for flushing heat supply systems. In case of non-compliance with the rules of service, she is fully responsible for the occurrence of emergencies or failures in heating.

To clean the heat supply, it is best to use chemicals to flush heating radiators and pipes. This can be done independently or with the help of specialized companies. They will be able to choose the right solutions for flushing the heating and carry out this procedure in accordance with established standards. After the cleaning is done, the document must be requested. A sample act for flushing the heating system can be taken in advance to familiarize yourself with it.

For the owner of the apartment, it is essentially not needed. This document may be required if, in the event of a heat supply failure, the Management Company tries to accuse the tenant of improperly flushing the radiators and heating pipes in the apartment. The presence of the act will indicate compliance with the performance standards. In other cases, filling out the act of flushing the heating system is done only when ordering the cleaning of the general house heat supply.

In the sample act of flushing the heating system, the following items must be completed:

• The selected cleaning method is chemical or hydraulic;
• Used means for flushing pipes and heating radiators - pumps, compressors, chemical components;
• The effect of cleaning is an increase in heat transfer, an increase in the quality of the system, saving thermal energy;
• Responsible organization and its representatives who carry out hydraulic or chemical flushing of the heating system.

All these nuances should be displayed in the document. Residents of the house have the right to demand from Management Company the act of flushing the heating system to make sure it is performing its intended function.

The procedure for cleaning the heat supply system is performed before the start of the heating season, but until the pipes are filled with coolant. This must be taken into account when independently flushing the heating system in the apartment.

The procedure for flushing in autonomous heating

The autonomous heating system of a private house is most susceptible to the appearance limescale on pipes and radiators. Timely cleaning of the system will allow you to save its original parameters and prevent the occurrence of emergencies.

This procedure can be performed using chemical reagents or using a hydraulic cleaning method. If obvious and indirect signs indicate the need to flush the heating system in a private house, it is best to plan activities outside the heating season. According to the technology, after cleaning the heating, it is pressure tested and filled with a coolant. Therefore, flushing is done before starting the heat supply.

There are two ways to remove blockages from pipes and radiators - with their dismantling and non-separable. The first is used with a significant concentration of scale. The second method is easier and takes much less time.

Stages of flushing the heating system in a private house without dismantling:

1. Draining the coolant from the system. His reuse prohibited due to severe pollution.
2. Connecting flushing equipment– pump or compressor.
3. Filling the tank with liquid. When using chemical cleaning, you must first read the instructions from the manufacturer. Restrictions on use must be taken into account.
4. Turning on the equipment and performing multiple wash cycles.
5. Filter control. If necessary, the cleaning fluid is replaced with a new one.
6. For chemical cleaning- obligatory flushing of the system with distilled water, if such a procedure is indicated by the manufacturer of the composition.

Correct execution of these steps ensures the normal operation of the system and the absence of blockages in pipes and radiators.

Chemical cleaning using compounds based on inorganic acids is prohibited for polymer pipes and aluminum radiators. In this case, it is recommended to use the hydraulic flushing method.

Prevention of blockages in heating

Often the reasons for the formation of a large amount of scale is the failure to comply with elementary means of heating protection. There are a number of factors that directly affect these processes. Knowing the causes of their occurrence and measures to prevent them can reduce the likelihood of blockages in the heat supply.

The main factor in the appearance of limescale in pipes and radiators is the poor-quality composition of the coolant. This is due to the large amount of salts and metals in the water. Therefore, experts recommend using only distilled water as a coolant. But even in it, from time to time, foreign elements will appear - rust particles, degradation products of polymers. Therefore, before each heating season it is necessary to change the coolant to a new one.

Another reason for the appearance of plaque is the high content of oxygen in the water. In particular this applies open systems heating. Its presence increases corrosion metal elements, which subsequently form the main volume of pollution. To remove air from the heat supply of a private house, it is necessary to install a special filter.

Flushing the heating system is milestone her service. The performance of all components depends on the quality of this procedure. Therefore, before choosing a particular cleaning method, it should be analyzed whether it is suitable for a particular heat supply or not. In case of difficulty, it is recommended to consult a specialist.

The video shows an example of flushing a heating system in a public building:

Everyone, sooner or later, faces the problem of interruptions in work. heating systems. The reason, most often, is that deposits, dirt, silt and scale accumulate in radiators and pipes and water cannot move freely through the system. This problem is absolutely solvable, and at home. There are various methods. However, let's take a closer look at the most common ones.

If you notice that it is getting colder in your house, this may be the first signal that you need to flush the heating system. This can be easily checked without resorting to the help of a specialist - just touch the batteries. If it is heated unevenly, or part of it is generally cold, flush. There are several more beacons that it is time to clean the pipes: uncharacteristic noise in the batteries, when the heating is started, the system warms up for a very long time.

Most often, horizontal parts of the pipe are exposed to the main pollution. According to the standard arrangement of radiators in the house, this is usually small areas and it won't be too hard to clean them.

If the battery heats unevenly, then it is dirty.

The primary source of problems in heating systems is hot water, the main coolant.

1. Firstly, hot water, interacting with the materials from which the system is made, can provoke a chemical reaction. Consequences - scale.
2. Secondly, the properties of water themselves. It can contain a great many different impurities, which can provoke not only banal corrosion, but also contribute to precipitation and plaque on pipes.

It is the occurrence of deposits from all of the above that can lead to the quality of the operation of the heat elements of the system.

An interesting fact is that even a layer of deposits is only seven to nine millimeters, the efficiency of the heating system drops by more than 42%.

And, of course, all this affects the life of the heating elements in general, they quickly become unusable.

Types of flushing heating systems

Chemical flushing of heating

This method is based on the dissolution of various substances deposited on the pipes in chemical compounds. This is one of the most effective, used and proven ways to clean the heating system from excess.

Chemicals liquefy all components of deposits, scale, which are then naturally washed out of the heating system. As a rule, the composition of such substances includes an element that protects pipes from the appearance of signs of rust, and extend the period of operation.

In order to clean the pipes in this way, you must have special equipment.

Usually, specialists use pumps in such cases. It is needed so that after injecting a chemical solution into heating devices, the pump gives direction to its movement through the system. The time spent on cleaning depends on each material in the heating system, the strength of the dirt and the selected substance. In addition, the process of enveloping pipes from the inside with an oxide film also has its own time frame.

This method has several significant advantages:

• Firstly, this is the cheapest and most proven method of cleaning the heating system;
• Secondly, the speed of manifestation of results, it is very high;
• Thirdly, flushing can be carried out without stopping the heating, which allows it to be used at different times of the year.

The disadvantages of the method are that, first and foremost, it cannot be used for flushing aluminum pipes(since this can destroy their integrity), second, like any chemical, the solution is toxic.

The sequence of actions when using this method of flushing the heating system

1. First, try to consider the existing heating system in as much detail as possible in order to select the right chemical solution.
2. Pay attention to the instructions for the composition. Means can have a different consistency and it is necessary to dilute the chemical as it is written in the recommendations for it.
3. Connect the pump to the system, having previously filled the tank intended for this with the composition.
4. Make sure that chemical agent circulates in the system. We repeat that the time depends on the strength and composition of the pollution.
5. Remove the chemical from the system, flush it with water and refill.

Dispersed flushing heating

Let's call this method the "second" generation of chemical. Its action is as follows: chemical composition does not react with metal and only affects the polluting composition (silt, dirt, scale) and its interaction with the heating system. A pump is also needed.

The advantages of this method can be called:

1. Firstly, this method is suitable for any heating system, no matter what material it is made of, and for any time of the year.
2. Secondly, the reagents are non-toxic.
3. Thirdly, as in the case of the first method, all pollutants are already removed at the stage of decomposition and cannot re-create a congestion. And, of course, in the future, our heating system will be protected during further operation.

Instruction:

1. Determine required amount solution selected specifically for your heating system.
2. Connect the pump to the system by filling the appropriate container with the reagent.
3. After cleaning, flush the system, dispose of the composition.
4. If you are cleaning during the heating period, then you need to connect a device that will close the heating system.

This method is based on descaling by supplying water under high pressure through certain nozzles. This is an environmentally friendly method, which, by the way, copes well with pollution on cast iron. Due to the properties of this metal, the chemical method may not be very effective. However, it is relatively more expensive (since special equipment is needed that can give a jet of water under pressure of several hundred atmospheres) and high-quality cleaning will not come out without the help of third parties. The fact is that before you start cleaning, you need to treat the dirt with a solution that can soften them.

Pneumopulse method of flushing the heating system

This method is based on the generation of small explosions of air bubbles, which are able to tear off impurities from the inside. For this, the following are used: an air gun, a switch, equipment for supplying air with an accumulation system (for example, a compressor), adapter (connecting) hoses.

How does the installation work?

First, the air gun is connected to heating pipes through the hose and switch, then comes the compressed air transmitter. Further, a liquid is passed through this entire system, which sets the piston in motion and, in fact, starts the installation.

If you decide to use a compressor to supply air, then when water is introduced and the piston position changes under its pressure, the empty container begins to fill with air. After the cylinder is full, part of the air will move into the piston, which, directing it into the heating system, will create a shock wave.

In order to completely clean the system, you need from two to five strokes. The process itself will take several minutes, and is completely independent of electricity - the installation works autonomously.

Of the minuses this method you can call it a limited range, due to the characteristics of the gun.

The easiest way to implement, and which will not require any investment other than labor.

This is the usual mechanical cleaning, which is possible in any apartment, house.

Instruction:

1. First of all, it is necessary to disconnect the radiator from the system and drain all the liquid from it. Be sure to cover all surfaces with unnecessary rags so as not to spoil or damage the coating. If you have a special tap on the batteries, this will greatly facilitate the task. In the event that the house is cast iron batteries, it may be necessary to remove them a heating element(to make it easier to unwind the connection).
2. Next, the radiator must be flushed. The easiest way to do this is in the bathroom, directing water from the shower hose at maximum pressure into the pipes. You need to do this for as long as the rusty water will run. If there is too large and noticeable layer of deposits inside the pipes, use a metal fixture. As soon as the pollution stops washing out of the battery, the cleaning is completed.
3. We wash the pipes in the same way, cleaning individual segments.
4. Be sure to clean the threads from corrosion before assembling the system.

Buying Tips

• Please note that aluminum bimetal radiators, convectors have a relatively small volume, in which the circulation rate of the coolant does not allow sediment to be released.
• choose closed systems. Since in such systems the volume of water does not change, the volume of pollution that appears new remains the same.
• Connect batteries from below. As already mentioned, deposits accumulate on horizontal lines, which means that the bulk will leave with the flow of the coolant.
• Install a dirt filter. This is a relatively cheap fixture that will make cleaning easier for you. It is much easier to remove scale from one part than to clean the entire riser.

Video - how to clean a heating radiator with your own hands