Projects of houses with a terrace and an attic. Beautiful projects of houses with an attic and a terrace

Buying a summer cottage is just the beginning. It needs to be planned, to choose the best house, to develop a general concept for its design. In this article, we will consider the most different projects country houses. From the smallest for one room, to very roomy - for 100 squares usable area.

With veranda and terrace

When choosing the layout of a country house, they often try to find a project with a veranda or terrace. Such a covered area is good not only for relaxing or dining outdoors. On a rainy or hot day, under a canopy, you can do a lot of things that, due to a large number do not make garbage in the premises.

On a common foundation

Projects of country houses with a veranda have a small area: the smallest are 6 * 4 meters in size, and the veranda is 2 meters on the long side, and the house itself is 4 * 4 meters or 16 square meters (taking into account the thickness of the walls even less).

Another option - one room, in which there is space for several kitchen cabinets and a stove, costs a small dinner table and there is a bed. This layout is ideal for one person. Two people will feel good in it. AT this option There is no bathroom, so you will have to separate.

The layout of a country house of a small area (up to 40 meters) is quite simple: usually there are two rooms, the first of which is used as a kitchen and dining room at the same time. Most of the time it is a pass. The second room is living. More or less comfortably accommodate two beds here. So the projects of country houses with an attic of 6 * 4 meters are designed for 1-2 people.

If the construction budget is very limited, consider projects for country houses with a pitched roof. They are unusual for our country, but the cost of a roof with a small area is much less. You just need to choose the right one (taking into account the amount of snow cover).

A medium-sized country house is shown in the photo above. The project is interesting because the veranda here was originally “winter”, glazed. Most owners of open verandas come to the need to glaze it, but for a pleasant pastime in the air. AT this project the veranda is a continuation of the living room, but a partition can be installed here. In general, comfortable and comfortable home with a traditional layout, all rooms are separate, there is a bathroom, a fenced-off corridor. All conditions for year-round living.

On a separate foundation

Please note that the above projects of country houses with a veranda have a common foundation. This is reliable, since even with spring heaving of the soil there will be no movement. But the cost of the foundation is significant. Therefore, such an approach is justified on complex soils prone to heaving. In normal soils, you can make a veranda on a separate, disconnected and lightweight (usually columnar or pile) foundation. One such project is presented below.

In general, a veranda can be attached to any building. It can be laid at the design stage, or it can be attached after (as happens very often).

Small country house 6 * 4.5 with a veranda on a separate foundation

The veranda can completely occupy one of the sides of the house, it can cover two or even three of its sides. But there are options with a small open area (as in the photo above). The foundation in this case may be separate, but there will not be much savings. For example, in the above project, only 1.1 meters of the “main foundation” were “won”.

We are so accustomed to comfort that even in the country we do not want to have "conveniences in the yard." For many, the main selection criterion is the availability of a bathroom. Even the need does not scare them. Not all projects of country houses of a small area can boast of such an "excess", but some have a bathroom (toilet and shower).

with attic

idea to enlarge living space the expense comes often. It is believed that construction costs do not increase much, since most of the superstructure is a modified roof. In reality, if the attic is operated all year round, the difference in the price tag for a two-story house and a one-story house with an attic will be small. After all, it must be taken into account that the area of \u200b\u200bthe premises of the attic floor is much smaller, and the costs will be high, since good heat, sound, vapor barrier is required.

Attics under a gable roof

A country house with a summer attic is really cheap. But at the same time, it must be taken into account that on sunny days without insulation it will be too hot there, so thermal insulation is still necessary, but not as “serious” as for winter operation.

The projects of country houses presented above are intended for seasonal visits. They provide only living rooms. In the room on the first floor, you can organize a kitchenette.

Below is the layout of a small garden or country house measuring 5 by 5 meters with a separate kitchen. Please note that the porch is attached and is not on the plan.

All these houses are designed as frame houses. With slight modifications, these projects will work for houses made of any other material. Only it will be necessary to take into account the thickness of the walls, choose the right foundation.

If desired, the covered veranda can be made open. However, the opposite usually happens. Having built an open one, it is glazed or driven out to half the wall, single frames are installed. If you want fresh air, the windows can always be opened, and the area can be set aside for a summer dining room or kitchen.

How to increase the area of the attic floor

All projects of country houses with an attic floor are made under a gable roof. This is good in the sense that the snow will not linger on such steep slopes. The second plus is a simple truss system. Minus - a small area of \u200b\u200ba “full-fledged” room at the top. Too much wasted space around the edges. There you can make cabinets, but this area is unsuitable for housing.

If it is important for you to increase the living space, the roof can be made broken. It is more difficult to construct and more expensive, but the area of the premises on the attic floor is much larger.

Another way to increase the area is to drive the walls above the level of the first floor. They say to build "one and a half floors." This option is good for cottages that are visited during the cold season. The roof can be made as you like, but a large area of \u200b\u200brooms still turns out under a broken line.

An example of a one and a half floor

When choosing a project for a country house with an attic for periodic visits, it is better to make the attic cold, and make the ceiling insulated. On the stairs leading to the second floor, it is necessary to provide a door / cover that will enclose the upper tier. Otherwise, heating will take a lot of fuel and time. In winter, there are usually fewer people, visits are short-term. Warming up both floors is too long and expensive, so it's not a bad solution.

Projects of two-story country houses

Construction two-story house not such an expensive undertaking. The foundation is still needed one, albeit more powerful, but its cost does not increase twice, but by 60%. The dimensions and insulation of the roof do not depend on the number of storeys at all, so there is no need to increase investments here. Wall costs are added - their area is twice as large, but in general, the cost per square meter of area is cheaper than when building a similar one-story dwelling. Because many are looking for projects of two-story cottages.

The project of a small two-story house for a summer residence with an attached garage: living area 100 sq. m, total 127 sq. m, garage for one car

The above project is designed for aerated concrete or ceramic building blocks. Suitable for elongated areas. The attached garage is very convenient to use - you can get into the house from the garage. Another plus: this option saves space on the site, and it is always small in the country, no matter how large the plot you have.

In this layout option, back side The house is supposed to have a spacious terrace. It is not included in the total area of the house. Interesting design makes the house different from others: a large window on one and a half floors, a cubic-shaped garage and a shed in front of the house do not affect the price tag too much, but make the house unique.

Another two-storey cottage project with a garage attached to the side is presented above. This option is more suitable for square or wide areas. Building spot in plan - 10 * 10 meters, living area - 108 square meters. Give this house a unique look tall windows second floor. The selection also contributes finishing materials, a combination of light beige and brown. All in all, an interesting project.

A non-standard type of two-story house with a balcony that encircles the entire building. On the back side there is a large open terrace. The roof is hipped, which complicates the construction, but gives the building a special flavor.

With a bath

For many, the dacha is associated with a bath. The bath, of course, can be built separately, but it is long and expensive. In a country house of medium size, it is quite possible to take the room under the steam room. It is usually done with an entrance from the bathroom / bathroom, as water procedures necessary. For true bathers, there should still be an exit to the street nearby: so that you can quickly cool off in a river or an outdoor pool.

The minimum dimensions of the steam room are 2 * 2 meters, the optimal ones are 3 * 3. Such premises can be entered even in houses of a small area, but the amount of living space will decrease. If there should still be enough rooms, you can consider the option with an attic floor. One such example is pictured below.

Pay attention to the layout. The first thing to focus on is that the stove is installed in such a way that it is heated from the next room. In this case, it's the rest room. The option is not too good, since the entrance is far away. You will have to carry firewood across the room, which is inconvenient and usually fraught with large quantity garbage.

Another drawback: in the above version there is no kitchen. For country life, this is a solid drawback. Kitchen corner can be arranged in big room, for bedrooms placed exclusively upstairs. Another planning option is to make a kitchen in the current “furnace / rest room”. Resting is more convenient in a large room. After taking a shower, it is convenient to go there.

Small and inexpensive

Small dachas are usually designed for the most inexpensive construction technologies. In our country, this is a frame technology and wooden houses. Approximately in the same category, houses made of porous building blocks (,). But they are still not that popular.

Projects of country houses for frame technology

Small country houses are usually built according to frame technology. , you can buy ready - prefabricated. These are two technologies that, with minimal cost and time, allow you to have a good country house.

To optimize the budget for building a country house, look for projects whose foundation on the plan is a rectangle or square. The presence of any protrusions leads to an increase in the cost per square meter. Not only do the costs of the foundation increase, the area of \u200b\u200bthe walls increases, and, therefore, the cost of them. The roof is also more expensive - the truss system is more complicated, there are more complex nodes.

Layout of a country house 6 * 4 with a kitchen, a toilet, a summer veranda

Another point for those who plan to visit the cottage in winter time. So that when walking back and forth, warm air does not “run away” from the house, it is advisable to make an entrance with a vestibule. If the area does not allow you to make it built-in, make an extension. This will greatly reduce fuel consumption and the time it takes to warm up the house.

Beam and log

One of the most common building materials in our camp: timber and logs. The advantage is that a small country house is being built very quickly. Minus - with prolonged shrinkage (from six months to a year, depending on the initial moisture content of the log and climatic conditions). Before the end of the period of active shrinkage, carry out Finishing work not worth it, which delays the possibility of operating the building. This does not apply to standing log cabins ( ready-made kits) or glued beams. But the price is solid (two times) for such options is higher.

A small country house made of 4 * 4 timber is a very simple project

Speaking of the smallest country houses, then they measure 4 by 4 meters. Doing less just doesn't make sense. The layout in this case is quite simple: it is just one room. They can differ only in the orientation to the cardinal points, the number and location of windows. More doors can be located in the middle or on the side. All. Options are over.

A little more in area will be a house of 6 * 4 meters. Here, in a "pure" form, we have about 22 squares of area, place 14-15 in the previous version. The layout still does not differ in variety, but it is already possible to fence off the kitchen area.

If we talk about optimal costs, then the above projects of country houses are not the best option. The fact is that timber or log cottages are best done 6 * 6 in plan. The fact is that the standard length of both timber and logs is 6 meters. If the walls of your house are smaller, you need to either look for a non-standard of a suitable length, or saw off the excess from the standard ones. Yes, non-standard costs much less, but you will have to look for it at different sawmills. Even at the largest sawmill, it is more than difficult to find timber or logs 4-5 meters long in sufficient quantity for construction. So you have to "iron" all nearby. It is difficult to say what the quality of the material will be in this case. Although, if it doesn’t “burn” with you, you can buy the same non-standard logs for several years, put them in piles, bringing them to operational humidity. All in all, this is a good plan. It just takes a lot of time to implement.

Projects of one-story houses with an attic have a number of features. A well-thought-out project of a one-story residential building with an attic allows you to almost double the usable area of \u200b\u200bthe cottage. Such opportunities attract many buyers who want to build a country house at minimal cost. But, before ordering plans for one-story houses with an attic, you should learn more about such projects. Attic - features and benefits

The very first attics appeared in the 17th century in France. The architect Francois Mansart came up with a steep roof with a break, under the rafters of which he began to design living quarters. Such a roof became known as Mansarova. The idea was liked by many, and received wide use not only in France.

Today best projects one-story houses with an attic suggest placing bedrooms, children's rooms, offices and even comfortable bathrooms on an additional area. Lighting of the premises occurs from the side of the gables, through the dormer or dormer windows.

Here you can arrange a cinema hall or a billiard room. And what is more important: even a small house with an attic looks richer and prettier than an ordinary one-story house with a veranda or terrace. The attic always gives the building an exclusive, catchy look. Modern attics nothing like those damp and gloomy rooms under the very heavens that were offered to the poor in past centuries. Projects of small one-story houses with an attic are chosen by quite wealthy customers striving for coziness and comfort. But, of course, in order for the operation of the attic to be safe, it is required to take a responsible attitude to the development of the project.

What does cooperation with Alfaplan give?

All clients of the company are provided with:

an extensive catalog of finished projects;
the ability to make adjustments (re-planning) of the project you like;
polite and attentive service;
affordable prices and discounts;
prompt execution of the order;
services of qualified, experienced professionals.

The project of a 1-storey house with an attic often provides for the presence of another interesting building element - a bay window. In our catalog you can find similar options. And if you like exclusive, we are ready to take on the development of an individual project at home.

For families with average incomes, houses with an attic and a veranda are of particular interest. They are built in cities, towns, on, they can be in one or, log, as well as built from large-format or lightweight concrete blocks. Often residents try to move away from the hustle and bustle of the city. Therefore, today there is a high demand for, which can be sold outside the city.

The project of a country house 6x8 with a small veranda and an attic

The first stage in the construction of any structure is design. Construction companies offer . Their main advantages:

Wooden houses can have a variety of layouts, including any house made of timber with an attic. Construction companies take this into account and offer customers the following developments:

They are becoming more and more popular, the implementation of which is possible both in the city and beyond;
Increasing demand for house designs made of profiled timber, which gives buildings a fashionable and luxurious look;
No less recognition was received by projects of country houses from a bar with an attic;
Fans of relaxing in the country today have a fashion for.

A custom-designed project will cost a little more. But the construction will be carried out taking into account all the wishes and requirements of the customer.

Layout and design of a 6x6 cottage with a veranda and an attic

There will be no unexpected complexities that often accompany the implementation of a typical design development. In addition, it will be carried out with reference to the specific conditions of the land.

Advantages

It has long been erected in Russia from coniferous trees, which were selected as evenly as possible, were processed with an ax, and then the links of the log house were laid out of them. Today, rounded logs or profiled timber are spent on the construction of dwellings. This is an almost ideal building material, which has one drawback: fire hazard.
Advantages of wood material:

Types of timber

Produced on the basis of accounting building material, which is used as different kinds timber:

Timber houses

All the listed advantages of wood material are also possessed by wooden houses made of timber. They are built by the most different sizes. The future owner of the hearth has a huge choice:

Almost any capable home craftsman will be able to develop the simplest project of a house from a 6x6 timber. He can also bring his development to life, although additional labor will be needed. It is quite possible to do without heavy equipment. In general, the construction of such a dwelling with his own hands will cost him less than when hiring a specialized construction team.

Where to start

Regardless of the size of a house from a bar with an attic, they begin to build from the pouring of the foundation. It must be strong, reliable, therefore, before pouring it, they study the soil on which the structure will be erected. With loose, silty, deeply freezing soil, use screw piles. AT middle lane In Russia, a tape fundamental basis is being erected more often than others.

If a dwelling is planned from a bar with a veranda and an attic, then its foundation must be rigidly connected to the base of the extension to create a single house-veranda structure. But this is optional if the feature walls are not hardwired. In this case, uneven shrinkage of both buildings will not hurt. The construction of a dwelling from a bar is less laborious than from a rounded log. The quadrangular profile allows you to quickly and as tightly as possible connect the links of the log house to each other. And country houses with an attic are built with walls that do not require large expenditures for additional finishing.

Ground floor layout with veranda and attic

For profiled building materials, sometimes the front side is made convex, which is why the whole building seems to be made of round logs. The standard length of a wooden beam is six meters. Then you have to order building materials of the appropriate length for the walls at the woodworking enterprise. They produce bars up to 10 m long and more.

But a residential building from an 8x10 bar with an attic can be built using standard material and lengthened during the laying process. At the same time, horizontal links should be laid so that the joints do not coincide, but are displaced relative to each other.

And in order for the walls to be more durable, the crowns must be fastened with fasteners, which are most often used as wooden dowels. To get acquainted with the layout, you can look at the Internet diagrams of various residential buildings. Developers often choose a 7x8 timber dwelling with an attic and a veranda.

Ready project of a 7x8 house with an attic and a veranda

It looks great on and has optimal dimensions, which fit two bedrooms, a living room, and a hall. The same premises can have the simplest residential with an attic. Its choice is often dictated by the features of the relief or the scale of the land allocated for development. will differ slightly in the size of the kitchen, living room, bedrooms in width and length.

frame houses

Their construction is not complete without the following elements:

frame made of metal or wood;
sandwich panels, consisting of two metal sheets or from PVC, chipboard and an insulating layer between them;
facing facade plaster or siding.

Blocks are produced, as a rule, on specialized construction companies. But experienced home craftsmen are able to make them at home.

Projects of frame houses with an attic and a veranda

Usually frame buildings are one-story, but can be built in two floors. They are built using wooden structures, less often metal, because they increase financial expenses up to 45%.
Frame houses have the following advantages:

Relatively low cost and short construction time compared to those needed to build a house from a bar.
Ease of construction that does not require a massive expensive foundation.
Saving wood material. In contrast to the construction of a dwelling from a bar frame house with an attic will require a tree half as much.
The possibility of building in any season, with your own hands and without the involvement of special tools and complex construction equipment.

The most popular in the summer cottage is a 6x8 frame house with an attic.

The layout of all floors of the house 6x8 with an attic

it the best option dwellings outside the bustling city. It provides comfortable year-round living families of 3-4 people. it golden mean between the construction of a 6x6 frame house with an attic and the same one, at the same time it does not limit the realization of design fantasies.
Will be able to develop a simple project of a 6x8 frame house House master. But you should start with, on which future construction is expected, and take into account all existing buildings and plantings, especially if construction is planned garden house.

Project and layout of a garden house 6 by 6 meters

The square meters of the first floor are usually reserved for the kitchen, living room, and bedrooms are arranged in the attic. , built-in garage or cellar. For the construction of a 6x8 frame house with an attic, like any other building of this type choose construction technology. It is of two types:

Assembly residential buildings from ready-made panels - shields manufactured in the factory in compliance with all technological requirements.
Installation of the frame at the construction site using long parts, which are then sheathed with insulation. Performing all these operations is quite possible with your own hands.

The technology for the construction of buildings from frames and houses from timber with an attic is strictly prescribed. Its requirements must be strictly followed. Otherwise, the building will be with low thermal protection and will not be able to provide proper heating of the premises for a comfortable stay. Built frame houses using cheap insulation, materials for interior and exterior cladding can be harmful to the health of the inhabitants.

If there is a need to expand the house, then developers, as a rule, consider two options.

The first is the addition of additional premises. But, taken out of the perimeter of the bearing walls, they can only serve as household or auxiliary.

The second option is more acceptable. It is about additional square meters due to the reconstruction of the second floor. In this case, the project of a house with an attic is the most best option. Having insulated the roof, you can get additional full-fledged residential and utility rooms.

How functional and economically justified is it? Let's try to impartially consider all the advantages and disadvantages.

Projects of houses with an attic: "for"

Such housing will save on building space. That is, it is logical to build a house with an attic on a small plot of land.
In the question rational use total area buildings, house designs attic room wins in comparison with one-story and even two-story buildings, in which attic space not used rationally.
The second floor of the house and the attic differ in terms of financial costs. In the classic version, the attic is a more economical option. If brick, concrete, timber, insulation, materials for exterior decoration are needed to equip a full-fledged second floor, then the attic equipment is limited to rafters, insulation and roofing material. And if the developer plans a warm attic, then the costs of insulation are added. Only in this case, you can get both a residential floor and a roof. Therefore, we conclude that the cost of 1 m2 of usable area of a house with an attic is significantly lower compared to other projects.
In addition, warm air from the lower rooms rises, which makes heating the attic floor less expensive. We can confidently talk about reducing fuel and electricity consumption, and therefore about savings in the operation of an already finished building.

Projects of houses with an attic: "against"

Some experts claim that main disadvantage projects of houses with an attic - their poor lighting. We are sure that this minus is conditional. You can solve the problem very simply due to the roof windows. In addition, much more light enters the room through them than through vertical windows. Of course, attic double-glazed windows are not a cheap pleasure. But with the funds saved during construction, you can afford a comfortable organization Everyday life. In addition, there is always the opportunity to design windows and even balconies in gables.
The second drawback of projects of houses with an attic can also be considered as conditional. It is believed that sloping ceilings cause depression in the residents of the house. But competent organization and the design of the premises, easily eliminate this contradiction.

Drawing conclusions from the above

To begin with, it is worth understanding what an attic is and how it differs from an attic. Both of these rooms in the house are located under the roof. Many often confuse them, because they do not see the difference. The attic floor is the last in the house, it is located directly under the roof, but is designed for people to live at any time of the year. It must be insulated, supplied with electricity, water and heating. The facades of the attic and attic are completely or partially formed by the roof. The main difference between the premises and the second or third floor in a cottage or a country house is the height of the walls. It means the distance from the floor to the intersection of the facade with the roof. It should not exceed 1.5 m, according to the conditions prescribed in SNiP. If the height is a little more, then this is already a full-fledged floor.

The attic is a cold, non-residential area. It can be equipped with summer rest, but it is not possible to winter in such a room. Usually in attics they equip storages of unnecessary things. However, the practice of warehousing trash is gradually fading away. If the room is intended for the location of communications, a boiler room, engineering equipment, then the attic is called a technical floor. They are more common in apartment buildings. Another important difference between the attic and the attic is the presence of large windows, sometimes even built into the roof. For non-residential premises lighting doesn't really matter. Projects of houses with an attic can be purchased at ready-made in design offices. The only way to get a free plan is to prepare it yourself, which will require a certain amount of knowledge. Let's talk about design features attic floors, options for their arrangement and popular styles that embody under the roofs of houses.

Features of attic floors

The project of a house with an attic is ideal for those who want to use the area of the building to the maximum. In this respect, the additional living space is similar to the basement. Previously, basements were used exclusively for storing trash and equipment. Now basements are equipped with game rooms, home cinemas, garages, saunas or laundries (as in typical American houses). It is impossible to build an attic without a plan-drawing. Everyone can really cope with construction work, although even here they often turn to companies that practice the construction of turnkey facilities. But to correctly calculate the loads on the foundation, think over the location of all structural elements, calculate the consumption of materials, only a professional who has experience and a baggage of specialized knowledge can do it.

Before construction, several sketches are prepared - in section and with different points review, and at the same time indicate the scale. The drawing must mark the location of window openings, staircase-entrance, communication lines, indicate the shape and indicate the dimensions. The most popular configuration among attics is rectangular or square. A simple task seems only in words. Getting down to business, the layman is lost and does not even know where to start. The attic attracts with an abundance of light and fresh air. Its outer "box" includes two components:

Vertical (frontal) walls. They are usually made from the same material as the facade of the house, as they are its logical continuation.
Inclined wall (side). It "begins" with vertical surface(attic wall), and then the roof truss system serves as its frame. Cast outer skin roof protrudes from the ceiling. To increase the attic area, change the angle of the roof and increase the height of the attic walls.

In wooden cabins vertical walls built from wood. If the building is brick, then brick is also used for the attic. Sometimes vertical walls are sheathed decorative materials to match the rest of the façade. This is necessary in cases where you need to update the exterior to fit it into landscape design suburban area, or when the building itself has an unsightly appearance. For example, it was erected from expanded clay concrete, gas silicate, expanded clay, cinder blocks or gas blocks. Such materials have an unattractive appearance and are necessarily masked under a layer of finishing. For these purposes, use porcelain stoneware, siding, decorative panels "under the brick" or stone. Sometimes the outside walls are trimmed with wood. The material looks very beautiful, but it is less practical than more durable counterparts. Insulation becomes a prerequisite for arranging an attic. Part of the task of keeping the heat in the room is assigned to decorative trim that protects the walls from the outside. Inside, they are covered with heat and vapor barrier, between the layers of which mineral wool and polystyrene are placed. Then communications are carried out and finishing is carried out. Further, the design and distribution of functional areas on the attic floor, furniture placement, and decoration come into play.

There is also such a thing as a half-attic. This is originally a residential floor, which is combined with the roof. The design has expressive architecture and original appearance. The semi-mansard floor is also used for permanent residence. The height of its walls does not exceed 0.8 m.

Advantages and disadvantages of houses with an attic

The attic floor has both a number of advantages and a small list of disadvantages. The advantages include the following aspects:

If the arrangement of the attic was not originally included in the plans during the construction of the house, then due to it the living area can be increased even without leaving the dacha or cottage. The construction will proceed on its own, and the rest of the rooms can still be used, that is, the construction is carried out independently. This practice is quite common when the family grows and housing becomes too cramped over time. This, perhaps, is the main advantage of the additional mezzanine.
Properly equipped attic will help reduce the heat loss of the building. This will reduce the load on heating system and more economical energy consumption.
The original architectonics of the ceiling is ideal for unusual modern trends, where the configuration is the basis of the composition.
The best insolation. Since the attic is a priori higher than any other room in the house, it receives more light. If the windows are built into the roof, then the sun's rays enter the room directly even at noon.
The attic opens up wide possibilities for space planning. Initially, the floor does not have internal walls, therefore, the decision on the placement of rooms, their dimensions (width and length) is made only by the owners of the house. The layout does not require the demolition of partitions or significant changes. You can create zoning literally from scratch.
Good ventilation. The height at which the attic is located contributes to rapid air exchange.

The disadvantages include the following factors:

The need for air conditioning in hot summers. The roof heats up very quickly and gives off heat to the attic, located closer to the rest of the rooms. Unfortunately, in hot weather, in the absence of air conditioning, there will be a real “steam room”, like in a bathhouse.
Some psychologists believe that not having a traditional "smooth" ceiling over their heads, many people may experience discomfort. The complex architecture of a sloping roof looks very unusual and beautiful, however, an excessive pile of details can really cause irritation over time. The configuration is easy to correct with the help of a special finish, decor, color scheme.
The high cost of special skylights, which will have to be bought for spacious rooms, where openings on the gables alone will not be enough.
With mistakes in construction, decoration, thermal insulation, you can get a “cold” attic, which even the most powerful heating boiler will not save in winter.
The accumulation of snow in winter on the glass of skylights, which will create an obstacle for light to enter the room.
No type of soundproofing will completely eliminate rain "rustles" - the sounds of drops colliding with the roof. And it does not matter what type of coating is selected (soft or hard). Although psychologists believe that the sound of water has a healing, calming effect, sometimes it can be very annoying.

By the way, another advantage can be considered simplicity when placing a fireplace or stove. Furnace heating can also be considered as an option. So it will be possible to save on the consumption of other resources (gas, electricity) and create comfortable conditions in the attic in winter with the help of "live fire" from coal or firewood.

Attic floor device

To properly plan, you need to consider a number of the following factors:

Living space. Its dimensions directly depend on the type of roof. Some varieties create too many zones that cannot be used appropriately. by the most economical option counts hip roof. Its truss system, in contrast to the gable system, allows you to use every meter of the attic without "deaf" zones.
Budget. If it is very modest, then you will have to be content with a shed roof, as it is one of the cheapest options.
Snow and wind load. Precipitation should slide freely from the roof, and not accumulate on it. In this case, slope matters. If it is calculated incorrectly, then precipitation will create an additional load on the roof, which it may not withstand.
Choice suitable material for the truss system. Many mistakenly believe that wood falls under the taboo. In fact, SNiP allows the use of a tree if it has been properly processed beforehand. Here, the condition regarding the maximum height of the building is also observed - no more than 75 m, that is, an increased number of storeys. Of course, for private households, such figures are considered sky-high. On average, even for every three-story house there are more than twenty ordinary one-story buildings.
Condition of the foundation and facade. It takes into account not only the material from which the house was built, but also the terms of its operation, additional loads, general appearance (presence of cracks or other damage). Based on this, a specific truss system and material for the roof are chosen.
Loads on the walls of the house and the foundation. Some types of roofs (single-pitched) distribute loads unevenly, that is, one side of the building may need to be further strengthened. Without knowledge in this area, it is easy to make a mistake that threatens to turn into a collapse.

All these nuances must be taken into account when designing an attic. Additional floors with bay windows or terraces look luxurious. In the second case, households have access to open air overlooking the courtyard, securely protected by a canopy. Such verandas are sometimes glazed. Bay windows most often repeat similar protrusions on the lower floors in shape.

roof trusses

A truss truss is a truss system on which a roof is supported. In fact, this is the “backbone”, the skeleton of the attic, on which layers of roofing, thermal insulation, communication lines are “put on”, interior decoration. The truss truss consists of a number of components, the competent combination of which allows you to evenly distribute the load on the load-bearing walls of the house:

Mauerlat. It is a log or beam, which is laid on a load-bearing wall. In fact, this is the "foundation" of the truss truss.
Skate and side runs. These are beams that are horizontal. The first is placed directly under the ridge, and the rest are slightly lower, perpendicular to the rafter "legs".
Struts, spacers, diagonal connections - a system of communicative elements.
Overhead and hanging rafters.

Since the loads on mansard roof quite large, the truss truss must have a margin of safety. It provides a high-quality connection between the individual components of the system. Most often, bolts, screws, welding or the groove-comb type are used for these purposes. The frame scheme of the truss truss is chosen depending on the type of roof that will cover the attic floor. Also take into account the distance between the outer load-bearing walls. If it does not exceed the value of 6.5 m, then layered rafters are chosen. In other cases, resort to hanging supports. They are mounted on a puff and on a Mauerlat. If necessary, the structure is reinforced with additional connecting links.

Roof construction

The shape of the attic directly depends on the type of roof. The additional floors themselves can be rectangular, broken, triangular, asymmetric. Attics can be located above the entire house or only above part of it. Roofs, depending on the shape, are classified into the following types:

Shed.
Gable.
Tri-slope.
Dome (conical, pyramidal).
Four-slope.

Tri-slope and domed in the attic are very rare due to the complex architecture. The former were popular in tsarist Russia when the exquisite design of the house was an indicator of the wealth of the family. Dome are very complex structure with no less "tangled" roof truss. Greenhouses in wealthy mansions used to be hidden under round roofs made of transparent materials. Judging by the sophistication of architecture, such a roof is a grandiose structure, impressive and eye-catching. FROM material point of view, such construction will be very expensive, and therefore is not always justified. Four-sided are classified into four subspecies:

Hip.
Tent.
Half hip
Hip-pediment.

In the tent ridge is completely absent. Attics under the roofs of the three remaining types have a broken architectonics, which is not as pronounced as in gable roofs. For this reason, this nuance can be attributed to advantages, not disadvantages.

Shed

The design of a shed roof is considered the simplest. The roof is fixed on the load-bearing walls at an angle. This roof architecture is laconic and even borders on primitivism. For single-sided options, the angle of inclination is of great importance. If it is calculated incorrectly, then precipitation will accumulate, and the load on the roof will increase. Mansards under shed roofs are not equipped very often. The room will have an asymmetrical shape due to the different heights of the opposite walls. But in shed roof windows are easily built in, which look very neat and consistent in one row.

gable

gable or gable roofs quite easy to install and are considered a classic option for arranging attic floors. As the name implies, such structures have two slopes that intersect at the top and abut against the ridge. Both planes "look" in different directions. Gable roofs are classified into three subspecies:

Symmetrical. The slopes diverge at the same angles and are mirror reflection each other. The pediment has a simple configuration of an isosceles triangle, and the ridge is located in the center of the structure.
Asymmetrical. The ridge of such roofs is displaced relative to the conventional center of the house. The slopes are of equal length. Sometimes they are also called: "offset ridge" roofs.
With broken slopes. This type of roof was specially designed for attics and attics. Broken slopes allow you to increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe under-roof space.

The most popular version of a gable roof is a “convex” one with broken slopes. The ridge is located strictly in the center, and the pediment has the shape of an irregular, but symmetrical pentagon.

Roof selection

The range of roofing materials is truly amazing. If earlier they managed with traditional slate laid on roofing material, now the layman's eyes run wide at the sight of wide choice. Depending on the rigidity, materials are classified into two types:

Soft (bituminous tiles).
Rigid (slate, metal tile).

When choosing a material, also pay attention to the configuration of the roof. Not every type of roof is suitable for complex, broken structures. The most durable and beautiful option will be natural tiles which is made from clay by firing. The material will be very expensive, but the service life - more than 150 years - fully pays for the cost. The second place in popularity is shared by asbestos-cement slate and metal tiles. The first is a mixture of a cement base with asbestos reinforcing fibers. Although many competitors have emerged in recent years, it still occupies a leading position in the market. Slate can be flat or wavy. Its classic color is gray, but some manufacturers color the material in bright colors. The average service life of slate is 30 years. Metal tile is an imitation of the ceramic material of the same name, made of galvanized steel, which is covered with a protective polymer film on both sides. The texture and coloring of the material mimics the original in detail. The average service life of a metal tile is 15 years. It is fireproof, easy to install, durable and inexpensive. Slightly less popular are ondulin, corrugated steel sheets) and piece composite, slate, bituminous, cement-sand tiles. For roofs of complex configuration, it is better to use soft roofing material.

Windows and how to open them

On the attic floors, both ordinary vertical windows (built into gables) and special inclined windows are used. They are located on the roof. Windows are called "mansard" windows. They literally look "at the sky" and give an indescribable feeling during the rain or starry nights when you can fall asleep admiring the magnificent landscape. They are distinguished by the type of opening. The usual tilt or turn-and-turn mechanism is not found in skylights. The only exception will be the "hatches" in the roof. Due to the specifics of the location (at an angle), more often such double-glazed windows are equipped only with folding or sliding systems. Panoramic windows located on the gables look luxurious in the attics. There are also miniature "balconies" equipped with a folding mechanism. They open access to a small porch with a fence, a kind of mini-terrace.

One-story houses with an attic

The problem of lack of space often worries the owners of one-story houses. If the land plot is small and does not allow you to increase the living space in width, then you will have to turn your eyes upward. A full-fledged second floor is not a cheap pleasure. We will have to significantly strengthen the structure and radically rebuild it. The attic, on the other hand, can be equipped in an existing attic, having carried out repair, insulation and decoration work. In terms of cost, reorganizing a finished space is significantly cheaper than building a new one.

Two-story houses with an attic

AT two-storey houses the attic will become an additional load on the structure. When arranging it, it is better to use non-massive furniture with low weight. If necessary, it is easy to rearrange it to a new place or replace it with another one. As an option, you can consider wicker chairs and chairs, plastic tables, dressing rooms instead of full cabinets, or even garden furniture. It is recommended to divide the entire floor into rooms or zones using light drywall partitions.

Room furnishing options

On the attic floor, you can equip absolutely any room: bedrooms, living rooms, children's and playrooms. If water supply is provided here, then the placement of a bathroom or kitchen is allowed. In small attics, it is logical to place only one spacious room and zoning it. If the floor is narrow, then two doorways are made from the entrance staircase to different rooms, which abut against opposite gables. Most often, attics are designed for bedrooms. The lack of space is usually caused by an increase in the family. The attic is a great option for arranging separate full-fledged children's rooms. This will give the child a personal space and at the same time not sacrifice the existing functional rooms.

Popular stylistic trends

In the design of the attic floors, they adhere to the principles of conciseness and lightness. The interior should be simple and unobtrusive. Stylistic direction necessarily emphasizes the extraordinary architectonics of the ceiling, which is so often found on the attic floors and turns asymmetry into a virtue, not a disadvantage. Since the use of massive furniture and an abundance of decor is undesirable, the classics in all its manifestations should be excluded. Most often, designers practice the use of the following styles:

Chalet. The Alpine direction is based on the use of wood. The array can be replaced with thin sheets veneer in the finish. They will be in harmony with the timber from which the house is built. The unusual architecture of the ceiling is complemented by decorative beams and logs. Furniture uses a minimum: wicker chairs, chairs, a bed with wooden frame. Soft skins for the floor, deer antlers on the walls and stylish metal-framed lamps suspended on chains from the ceiling beams are chosen from the decor.
Minimalism. This style easily adapts to both small spaces and spacious rooms. All furniture is placed compactly. This direction is filled with the harmony of space, light and color. Ideal for an economy renovation. The color scheme is dominated by white and gray. The decor is practically not used. Of the furniture, only a low coffee table, a group of chairs, a compact corner wardrobe and a bed are left.
Laconic Russian ethnic style. A colorful direction, which is associated with towers in dense Siberian forests. Interior decoration does not impress with luxury: used simple furniture, made in an artisanal way with rough, poorly finished surfaces. The interior is dominated by affordable wood - a material typical of Russian villages. The color palette uses all shades of brown: from dark chocolate to yellow. They decorate the room with homespun paths, embroidered curtains, groups of hand-painted dishes on stands. If there is a fireplace on the attic floor, then it is styled as an old Russian stove and whitewashed.
Provence. This is one of the subspecies rustic style. Indoors also prevail wooden surfaces. Furniture is chosen from old "grandmother's" sets, which are re-painted to give a more respectable look. The best decor will be fresh flowers in pots and porcelain vases. You can revive the room with the help of small sculpture, massive candelabra, flirty flower curtains and a group of soft pillows on a sofa or bed. The color palette is dominated by white and pastel colors.

Also, when arranging the attic, they use a light Japanese style, laconic Scandinavian and high-tech high-tech. If the building is built of brick, then a loft will fit such walls. They don't even have to be trimmed. naked brickwork become part of the interior.

Conclusion

Mansards are not only for private houses. In multi-storey buildings often sell apartments located directly under the roof. They usually have nothing to do with small-sized housing, striking large spaces. In such apartments, studios and workshops are equipped. However real comfort a well-maintained attic in a private house cannot be compared with anything. The attic is a great option for large families on a budget.

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