Multi-gable roofs of private houses drawings. The beauty and convenience of a sophisticated multi-gable roof

Roof structures that are used in modern construction are distinguished by a variety of types. Among them, a multi-gable roof, the drawing of which you will see in the content of this article, is particularly difficult to execute and significant in cost. This is by no means an obstacle for those who want to make the final accent of their building in an interesting and original way. A roof plan of this type is complex, but it makes it possible to make the roof of a house in accordance with all the rules of building technology.

Gabled hip roof is often used in private construction. The roof spire gives the house a characteristic artistic touch. It does not bring practical benefits, but it does significant work to create the architectural appearance of the building.

Before we dwell on the design and construction of houses with multi-gable roofs, we will understand the differences between this roof and other types of roof structures.

Roofs of this type are arranged on houses that, according to the plan, are square or polygonal. Very often they have various extensions that differ in their height and have attic rooms in the attic that require special side lighting. There can be quite a lot of reasons for installing a multi-gable roof, as well as options for its construction.

The main differences of this roof include the presence of such numerous elements as valleys, ribs, grooves, gables, tongs.

The simplest versions of the roofs of houses, called gable roofs, have houses with a gable roof, in which there are no gables on the end sides. The side walls of the house with their flat surface reach the junction with the roof slopes. forceps called the upper triangular part of the wall, bounded by two roof slopes and not separated from below by a cornice. In the event that this part of the wall is separated from below by a cornice, it acquires the name "pediment".

valley called the inner corner formed between the two slopes of the roof. Valleys can experience the largest accumulation of snow in the winter and dirt, debris and dust in the summer. For this reason, in the places of the valleys, water constantly flows, as the quality of the waterproofing is violated.

Having a roof plan for a multi-gable roof, and arranging it on your own, you should pay special attention to the places where the valleys are installed.

roof ribs formed as a result of the connection of roof slopes. Their difference from the valleys is that they are not an internal, but an external corner. A striking example of a roof rib is the ridge or the place where two slopes of a quadrangular roof are connected.

It should also be noted that houses with such a roof must be equipped with a ventilated attic, which must be completely isolated from other warm rooms.

The installation of a multi-gable roof is associated with significant financial costs associated with the purchase of building materials and the payment of labor for craftsmen who, having a roof drawing, can build a unique architectural masterpiece. The reason is that due to the complexity of the geometric shape of the roof structure, the consumption of materials for the construction of the truss system and the roof itself will be greater than with a standard roof. When installing the finish coating, a large percentage of roofing material waste appears, especially when using metal tiles or metal profiles.

If speak about rafter system multi-gable roof, which forms the basis of the roof structure, it is distinguished by its complexity. Often it simultaneously combines two types of rafters - hanging and layered. Therefore, the roof project was drawn up taking into account the calculation of the section of the rafters. Their location with a certain step and the arrangement of additional stiffeners require special care and precision.

The simplest example of a multi-gable roof is two gable roofs connected at right angles. If you look at this design from above, then it will resemble a cruciform figure in its appearance.

The device of the truss system

At the heart of the truss system of a multi-gable roof, as well as roofs of other types, is Mauerlat. This bonded rigid frame is laid on top of brick or concrete walls. Its fastening to the outer walls takes place with the help of galvanized metal studs, which are installed in a reinforced belt.

Since roofs with such a complex geometric shape are a rather complex structure, it is necessary to have a roof plan with detailed drawings before proceeding with its construction. For this you need:

• know the size of all sizes of the house;
• determine the size of the slope of the roof slope, taking into account the climatic features of the region;
• know what type the future truss system will be;
• calculate the length and cross section of all rafters;
• make a markup where the valleys, ribs and skates will be located;
• calculate the location of vertical racks, puffs, runs, stops, struts and other elements that are designed to ensure the rigidity of the entire truss structure;
• make drawings on which one could see the connection nodes of the rafters with the Mauerlat and other elements that make up the truss system.

Rafter system device technology

In private houses, variants of roofs of houses may contain a whole complex of different types of roofs, which are combined under one roof structure. Naturally, everyone who is not a professional in the construction of roofs may be faced with the question of how and where to start the construction of this complex structure.

The purpose of the roofs are different from each other. They can have a different look and include skylights, the installation of which will require not only additional slopes, but also valleys and rafters, ribs and lathing, made in minimum sizes.

The device of a multi-gable roof over a square house begins with the laying of a mauerlat, which is the basic element of the entire truss system. Moreover, it does not depend on its complexity and on what roofing options you use for your home. After all, the transfer of forces from the rafters to the load-bearing walls of the house is carried out exclusively through such an element as the Mauerlat.

In order not to worry that the walls may move apart over time due to these efforts, the Mauerlat is firmly and very securely fastened to a reinforced belt, which is erected during the laying of load-bearing walls. Only after that, the rafter legs are installed.

When the house is large, it is possible to install ceiling beams, which can be longitudinal or transverse. It often takes on the function of puffs.

Rafter legs, as a rule, have a normal appearance. In the case when the roof has a hip or half-hip type, then the rafter legs can be made diagonal (sloping).

In this position, it is necessary to strengthen the slanting or diagonal rafters by installing sprigs. The roof project allows that the rafters in this case can be of a double or twin type.

The rafters are attached to the Mauerlat in such a way that special sawings are made, and metal brackets, plates and corners are also used. Fastening is chosen depending on what type of rafters will be chosen in a particular case.

The connection of the rafters is made at the top point of the roof in the region of the ridge, which is made of timber or formed using the two upper boards of the crate.

On the rafters, a vapor barrier device, battens and counter battens are produced. What type of crate will be, and with what step it will be mounted, depends on the material of the finishing coating.

With soft coatings, you need to make a continuous flooring. When covering from profiled metal, the crate must be made sparse.

The material for the truss system is a coniferous tree (spruce, pine). Wood at the time of commencement of work on the roof can be damp in the range of 18-20%.

All roof options that have wooden elements should provide for their treatment with flame retardants and antiseptics. They will protect the tree from possible fire and decay.

Multi-gable roofs, in their structural design, often contain an attic room located in the attic space. For this reason, the roof needs good insulation, as well as enhanced protection against the penetration of external moisture into it.

As a heater, you can use a material made on the basis of mineral fibers (glass or basalt). They have a soft structure that allows you to penetrate into the most inaccessible and difficult places of the roof structure. The roof plan helps to foresee where cold bridges may occur. These, in turn, inevitably lead to the formation of undesirable strong condensate. Moisture accumulating in the under-roof space affects the quality of the thermal insulation. At the same time, processes begin that lead to the decay of roof elements made of wood.

when waterproofing is arranged, special attention is paid to valleys and grooves. These places are notable for the fact that water and snow accumulate in them to the greatest extent. Water also flows in large quantities along the inner corners of these elements and therefore they require increased and most close attention.

After the installation of the truss system, a waterproofing film is laid. This is done in and in the form of strips, which are located in a direction perpendicular to the slope and have an overlap of at least 15 centimeters. Joints are necessarily glued with connecting tapes.

Roof options for houses with multi-gable roofs are distinguished by their diversity and complexity of design. For those who are not familiar with the drawings and do not have special knowledge, it may be difficult to cope with such a difficult and responsible task. Therefore, it would be wise to entrust your architectural masterpiece to experienced professionals.

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The article will talk about the types of multi-gable roofing. Above a square-shaped house, such a roof usually has many gables, gables and ribs. The gable is the upper part of the wall, bounded by two slopes. It is never separated by a cornice from below.

If the top of the wall is separated from the bottom by a cornice, this is no longer a tong, but. In general, a gable roof is two planes resting on walls, while being limited by gables or gables from the ends of the house.

What is a multi-gable roof

The installation of multi-gable roofs occurs on houses with a complicated layout, as well as when covering extensions, side lighting of the attic, gables above the entrance.

A four-pitched hip roof is not complete without the presence of valleys. Anyone who wants to build just such a roof needs to know that such a roof involves ventilation of the attic and complete isolation from heated rooms.

The installation of a multi-gable roof requires quite a lot of roofing costs. In addition, a lot of roofing waste remains after the work.

Mauerlat is a wooden block measuring 150x150 or 150x100 mm. It is also possible to use one and a half meter bars (read: ""). Rafters for such roofs are assembled from dried pine beams with a section of 150x50 mm.

The construction of the rafter system involves the use of layered or hanging rafters. Their choice depends on the absence or presence of more supports, on the roof structure. In its device can be both types of rafters at once.

At the junction of gable roofs, it is necessary to install diagonal or sloping rafter legs. Shortened rafter legs, or sprigs, will be held on them. Due to the very heavy load on the diagonal rafters, they will need to be rallied into several boards.

From above, the rafters are connected by ridge runs made of connected timber or boards. If necessary, several intermediate runs should be installed at once.

A little advice ! After the truss system of the complex roof is installed, the laying of the waterproofing film (stripes) directed perpendicular to the slope begins. The overlap must be at least 15 cm. All joints must be glued with a connecting tape.

Focus your attention on the places where the valleys are located, because streams of water will descend along them.

The truss system of the frame house after the installation of the waterproofing is sheathed with bars of the counter-lattice. To carry out this work, you need bars or boards with a section of 50x50 and 32x100 mm, respectively. The grating should be carried out in strict accordance with the instructions for the purchased coating (read: "").

Possible types of roofs for your home, details on the video:

How to make a multi-gable roof?

Almost all owners of their own homes want to know how to create a multi-gable roof.

This type of roofing is quite complex. When deciding to create such a structure, part of the roof fragments of the building can be gable variations connected together. This option creates an amazing impression.

For example, do-it-yourself rafters from a profile pipe are erected in several stages:

• Take the dimensions of the building;
• Calculate the length and cross section of the timber for the rafters;
• Arrange valleys, stops and skates;
• Install a Mauerlat (it should be a kind of roof base and run along the perimeter of the walls;
• Install and fix the rafters from glued laminated timber with saws or nails on the Mauerlat;
• Install the crate, waterproofing layer, roofing, heat and vapor barrier.

The structures of this type of roof are pitched roofs with surfaces inclined to the outer walls. This arrangement of the sides provides a drain of rain and melt water.

The slope should be chosen according to the climatic conditions of the region where the building is located, as well as architectural requirements and roofing material. Sometimes the slope angle is even straight.

When erecting a roof, it is very important to carefully approach such an issue as the installation of a truss system. This design will form the frame of the entire roof. When creating it, you should carefully calculate everything and carry out all the work with high quality. The easiest option is this. Almost anyone can do it. But this option does not suit everyone. Therefore, many choose more complex designs, one of which is a multi-gable roof. And what truss system is used in this case? How to calculate and mount it correctly? This will be discussed in the article.

General concepts

The truss system of a multi-gable roof is a rather complex structure. To perform its calculation and installation, you need to have some experience. But before talking about it, you should get acquainted with the very concept of a multi-tweezer design. What is this roof option? Why is she called that?

This design is a multi-pitched roof. Its most important difference is the presence of tongs or gable elements with a ridge. It is from them that the whole structure took its name. Each of the tongs rests on one side of the truss system of the main roof. The other end forms a pediment.

The device of the truss system of a multi-gable roof has its advantages, namely:

1. This design has high bearing capacity and strength.
2. The truss system of a multi-gable roof is calculated based on increased loads. This feature allows the structure to easily withstand even hurricane winds and large layers of snow.
3. The slopes of such roofs are made quite steep. This prevents debris from accumulating on them. This means that maintenance of the roof is greatly facilitated. In addition, such a roof, if properly erected, does not require repair for a long time.
4. Thanks to the highly located ridge, a lot of free space is formed under the multi-gable roof. This allows you to freely create additional living rooms on the attic floor.
5. Another advantage is that such a design can be used even if the house has a complex geometry.

But do not forget about the difficulties. The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is a complex structure. If you do not have sufficient experience in construction and carpentry work, then it is better to entrust its construction to specialists.

Basic structural elements

As mentioned earlier, the truss system of a multi-gable roof is several gable structures connected together. Therefore, the basic principles will also be similar. In our case, both hanging and layered rafter systems can be used. As a rule, the main structure has a large width. Therefore, it is used here. They use in extensions, everything will depend on the width of the building and the presence of an axial load-bearing wall.

In addition, the multi-gable roof truss system incorporates the following main elements:

• slopes. Their number in a multi-gable roof can differ significantly from the traditional design. At the same time, the sizes, shape and steepness of unpaired slopes can also vary;
• skate. There will also be several of these elements;
• ribs - these elements are located at the junction of the slopes. Moreover, they can only be in those multi-gable roofs where hips are used;
• valley. Not one multi-gable roof can do without this element. This element is located at the inner corners where two slopes converge. Endova needs to pay special attention. This is where snow can accumulate in winter. Therefore, in such places a large load is experienced and leaks most often occur, it is useful to read:.

Of course, other elements may be present. For example, pediments. They close the ends of the tongs themselves. At the same time, gables can also finish the main roof, if it is not cable-stayed, it is useful to read:.

Making calculations

The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is a complex structure. Therefore, it is impossible to do without preliminary drawing up its scheme. But first of all, you should make all the basic calculations. Before drawing up a plan for the future rafter system of a multi-gable roof, the following basic parameters should be clarified:

1. Skate height. To do this, use indicators such as the width of the house or extension (depending on which building the calculation is being performed for) and the angle of inclination of the slope. Very often, reverse calculations are carried out. Initially, the desired height of the house is determined, and then the slope angle of the slope is calculated. It should be noted that the width of the main house and the extension will be different. And this means that the angle of inclination of the rafter system of a multi-gable roof for each building will be different. This is the difficulty of such a device.
2. Next, you should find out the length of the main rafters. This parameter is easy to calculate from the Pythagorean formula. In this case, for the main building and the extension will be different.
3. You should also calculate the length of the valley. This is where the rafters will be located. The Pythagorean theorem will also be used here. The valley will be the hypotenuse. The triangle itself consists of the length of the rafters of the main building and half the width of the extension.
4. Between the ridge and the rafters are sprigs. Their length should also be found using the Pythagorean theorem. The rafters will be shortened rafters.

The total area of ​​the roof is also calculated. It will be the sum of the areas of all the slopes of the multi-gable roof. This value is necessary to calculate how much roofing material you need during installation, read the additional material:.

Load

The rafters of a multi-gable roof, like the entire system, must withstand all external influences. Therefore, even before the calculation of all the main parameters, the load should be calculated. Experts distinguish between two types of it, namely:

• permanent. This group includes the load on the truss system of multi-gable and other types of roofs, caused by the weight of the materials used. It also includes the mass of all equipment installed on the roof;
• variable load. This group includes influences from external factors. The rafter system is affected by the weight of the snow cover, which will linger on the roof. In addition, the wind also has an effect.

Knowing what angle of inclination of the slopes will be on your roof, you can calculate the variable loads. By adding to them the mass of all materials used in the construction of the roof, you can determine the total impact that the entire structure must withstand, it is recommended to read:.

Knowing all the loads, you can determine the cross section of the rafters. The greater the load, the thicker the main elements of the system should be. In addition, after such calculations, and or step is determined. Also, if necessary (for example, if the rafter legs are too long), specify the location of additional supporting elements. After all this, a drawing is drawn up.

To perform all these calculations correctly, especially to draw up a diagram of the future truss system of a multi-gable roof, is a difficult task. It is better to entrust it to specialists. Or you can use special programs. With their help, by specifying all the necessary data, you can not only calculate all the parameters, but also draw up a plan for the location of all components of the multi-gable roof truss system.

The installation of a multi-gable roof truss system is not much different from a traditional gable roof system. All work is carried out in the following sequence:

1. The first thing is done. In the case of a multi-gable roof, this work must be done not only on all external load-bearing walls, but also on internal ones. The latter would be more correct to be called lying down.
2. Next, you should install the ridge run. Most often, a multi-gable roof over the main building is installed in a layered way. Therefore, you cannot do without a ridge run. Above the extension, a hanging truss system is most often used. In this case, the ridge run is not used.
   
3. After that, the installation of the extreme truss pairs of the main building is carried out. To make it convenient to assemble structures, it is better to lay boards in the form of a subfloor on the beams of the attic floor. This will be useful, because the rafter pairs themselves are assembled directly on the roof.
4. The next step will be to fix the rafters or valleys in their place. Its upper part should be located on the ridge run of the main building in the place where the ridge of the extension rafter system will approach it. The lower end is mounted on the Mauerlat where the extension walls meet the load-bearing walls of the main building.
5. After that, the rest of the elements are attached. First of all, rafter pairs of a multi-gable roof are mounted above the main building. Next, they move on to the structure above the extension. Moreover, if the main rafters are attached to the Mauerlat, then the sprigs are mounted to the valley.
6. During installation, it is very important that all the rafters of one side of the building are in the same plane.
   
7. Further, if necessary, carry out the installation of additional supporting elements. It can be props, racks and so on.
8. After that, end, frontal, strapping boards are fixed. Make an overhang and fasten the crate. Next, you can start laying the roofing material. If a dwelling is to be equipped under a multi-gable roof, then a vapor barrier, a heat-insulating layer and waterproofing should be additionally installed.
   

Among the various types of roofs, the multi-gable construction is considered to be the most beautiful and at the same time difficult to implement. She came to our country from Europe, where people have long had a love for square houses and buildings with a lot of corners. The intricate truss system of a multi-gable roof is erected on structures with a complex layout, and is also an excellent solution for organizing additional lighting in the attic.

Advantages and disadvantages

Those developers who prefer minimalism and practicality are unlikely to appreciate the complex broken lines of such an expensive roof, especially since its main function is similar to more modest one-level samples. Aesthetes and connoisseurs of sophistication, for whom decorative characteristics are as important as functional ones, on the contrary, use every opportunity to arrange such an architectural composition in their home.

The construction of a multi-gable roof is an expensive and time-consuming process.

Even though a simpler roofing system can be just as successful, it would be a mistake to think that a roof with many gables has only one advantage - a beautiful design, this is not entirely true. Apart from the outstanding decorative features, this design has a number of positive aspects, namely:

• A long operating period, achieved by the balance of the truss system, thanks to which the roof is able to withstand an impressive load.
• The possibility of planning additional space inside the house due to the attic or attic room, where you can equip a gym, billiard room or greenhouse.
• Practicality, expressed in the natural removal of precipitation. Due to the presence of inclined surfaces (sometimes their slope reaches 90 degrees), snow and rainwater, as well as fallen leaves, branches and other debris, do not linger on the roof surface and are independently discharged from it.

For construction, it is better to attract a team of professional roofers

If we talk about the shortcomings of the object in question, then they are rather arbitrary, because for wealthy homeowners these disadvantages will not be significant. As you understand, we are talking about the high cost of the project, the high cost of materials and the high wages of the construction team due to the complexity of the work. It was not in vain that we mentioned the need to involve highly professional specialists in the construction of a multi-component roof, because its construction by one's own hands without the appropriate qualifications is difficult and very risky. If you are confident in your abilities and have all the practical skills in this area, you can safely proceed to the implementation of your plans.

The main elements of the external structure

So, all the pros and cons are weighed, there is confidence in your intellectual and physical abilities, which means you are ready to perform a complex process with your own hands. The simplest version of the design with many tongs is considered to be the combination into a single whole of a pair of gable structures intersecting at right angles in the form of a cross (in the upper projection).

Now let's move on to the terms denoting individual sections of the roof:

• forceps, in the language of professionals - nothing more than the tops of a wall without a cornice (unlike a pediment), which form the basis for two roof slopes;
• valley- the place of joining of two planes, forming an internal corner;
• edge- an outer corner formed at the junction of two slopes. The horizontal top rib is called a ridge by carpenters.

Pay attention to the fact that special attention is paid to the valleys, because they must cope with the high load caused by the accumulation of precipitation. Even the slightest miscalculations in this area are fraught with leaks and, as a result, premature destruction of the roof.

truss system

The rafter system at the multi-gable roof is assembled from many mandatory elements that are installed in a strictly defined, verified order, and this is its main difficulty.

The basis of the system is:

The slightest violation of construction technology, as a rule, turns into serious troubles, the elimination of which, if possible, inevitably entails a significant waste of time and financial costs. We immediately draw the attention of people who decide to master the construction stages with their own hands to the fact that this complex structure may require a combination of hanging and inclined rafters.

In practice, for the manufacture of rafters, dried and treated with fire retardants and antiseptics, bars of the same section as the Mauerlat (150 x 150 mm or 100 x 150 mm) are used, which, in turn, evenly distributes the load from the roof to the walls of the house. The upper parts of the rafters are connected by a ridge run. It is very important to maintain the optimal moisture content of the wood (maximum 20%).

Stages of the construction process

To install a multi-gable roof with your own hands, you will need a work plan, which is strongly not recommended to deviate from. Now let's go directly to the construction stages:

1. First of all, you need to measure the size of the house.
2. Next, the section of the rafters is determined and a scheme (project) for the installation of all roof elements is developed.

Drawing of the truss system of a multi-gable roof

• Now you can start laying the Mauerlat, which is fixed on the reinforced belt, and installing the rafter legs. If the installation of a semi-hipped or hip roof is planned, it is necessary to install diagonal rafters reinforced with sprigs.
• As fasteners for installing rafter legs on the Mauerlat, metal brackets, plates or corners are used. It is also possible to fix these elements by means of technological cuts.

For the installation of rafters, metal brackets, plates, corners are used.

• If the house has a large area, most likely, it will be necessary to install ceiling beams (longitudinal or transverse), which act as puffs.
• The upper part of the rafters is attached to the ridge, then the vapor barrier material, the crate and the counter-crate (ventilation system) are laid.

The ventilation system is installed before the roof is installed.

• The final stage of work is the installation of roofing material (metal, bituminous, ceramic tiles, etc.).

When mounting such a complex roof with your own hands, do not forget that the attic space will require additional insulation, otherwise it cannot be used as a living space. Mineral fiber (basalt or glass wool) is best suited for such purposes. If you neglect this rule, you may encounter the accumulation of condensate in the under-roof area, which will lead to rotting of the wood from which the roof structure is assembled.

Multi-gable roof: rafter system device

The design of the truss system of a multi-gable roof type. Layout and docking of rafters, fastening, knots, details, schemes for erection by one's own hands.

We study the truss system of a multi-gable roof

Among all the variety of roof structures, a multi-gable roof is the most complex, labor-intensive and economically unprofitable. However, these shortcomings are more than compensated by the unique appearance with many tongs, gables and grooves.

The construction of this structure without fail implies a process of long and careful design, during which a multi-gable roof and its truss system are built, the dimensions of all structural elements are calculated. Let's consider this process in more detail.

Advantages and disadvantages

A multi-gable roof is one of the most controversial roof structures, as its pros and cons balance each other out and the final decision in favor of building such a roof is usually made based on the personal aesthetic preferences of the owner of the house.

Consider the main advantages that a multi-gable roof provides:

• Traditionally, such a roof was erected on square houses in such a way as to avoid cornice overhangs. But the use of this roof is possible and even necessary in the case when the shape of the house is complex due to the many rooms attached to it. It can completely transform the appearance of such a far from ideal building;
• The rafter system of a multi-gable roof is characterized by increased strength and stability, of course, if a competent calculation and installation of the structure is made;
• The construction of such a roof allows you to use the room under the roof for a residential attic and, thanks to the possibility of displaying various windows on different sides, provide excellent daylight.

Let's move on to the design flaws:

• This type of roof can not boast of efficiency. The device of the truss system is complex and involves a large amount of waste wood and materials from the roofing pie;
• Due to the large number of junctions of slopes, such a roof is at risk for leaks.

Design and types

It is based on such an element as a gable - this is a triangular part of the wall, which, unlike the pediment, is not separated by a cornice. That is, a simple form of a multi-gable roof is the connection of two gable roofs at right angles over a square building. When viewed from above, such a structure will have a cruciform appearance.

Depending on the building itself, its shape, dimensions and the desire to create living rooms under the roof, the design can differ significantly from the classical form described above. A set of roofing elements will remain common. Among them, special attention should be paid to two:

• Endova, which represents the inner corner between two slopes. The valley must be especially well insulated and reinforced, since it accumulates the largest amount of snow and debris, and the maximum amount of water flows down it during rains.
• Roof ribs represent the outer corners of the junction of the slopes, for example, the ridge and the junction of several slopes at the top of the roof.

Calculation of the truss system

The rafter system of a complex multi-gable roof and its scheme should ideally be carried out by professionals, since this implies a rather complicated calculation and installation with many pitfalls. But if you have initial experience in building roofs and you are not planning a roof that is too fanciful, then it is quite possible to make a drawing of such a roof on your own.

It is impossible to give an exact algorithm for calculating a multi-gable roof, since the type of construction itself implies large differences in the rafter system, depending on the appearance of the roof. Here are the main points that are important to pay attention to when designing:

• It is necessary to carry out a plan-scheme of the desired roof, displaying the exact dimensions of the building. At this stage, it is necessary to determine such interrelated parameters as the slope of the slopes and the height of the roof. The angle of inclination of the slopes of such a roof is usually steep. Otherwise, it will be problematic to use the under-roof space to create a living room;
• The rafter system should be built on the basis of a number of data, including the snow load of the region and the weight of the roofing. Multi-gable designs produce a large amount of waste, so we recommend that you look at soft tiles;
• The type of truss system depends on the presence of support inside the building. It is important to carefully calculate the location and load on all supporting elements, such as tightening, stops, runs, etc., so as not to miscalculate with their dimensions;
• Depending on the configuration of the roof, different types of rafters will be used: regular or diagonal (for hip structures).

General view of the truss system and roofing pie

The rafters and roofing cake of a multi-gable roof, in principle, repeat the main points of these structures for other types of roofs. Therefore, we dwell on important points that must be taken into account even at the stage of planning the roof:

• Mauerlat is subject to heavy loads and it is advisable for him to choose a bar with a section of 150 * 150 mm. It is more convenient to mount it on anchors laid in the walls during their construction;
• Rafters can be attached to the Mauerlat in three main ways: washed down, staples or corners. In the upper part, the connection of the rafters is made with a ridge beam;
• The reinforcing elements for the rafters in different solutions of multi-gable roofs will be different elements. In the case of a base in the form of a hip roof, diagonal rafters will be mounted, which must be made double and strengthened with sprigs. Strengthening roof trusses is possible with struts or crossbars. In a large building, it is convenient to use ceiling beams for tightening truss trusses;
• The installation of the valley requires special attention. In these places, a continuous crate is made and two layers of waterproofing are laid. A valley plank is mounted on the waterproofing layer. If the element requires docking, then the installation is done from the bottom up so that the top bar overlaps the bottom one and water cannot flow under it;
• The device of the lathing and insulation of this roof in general terms repeats these steps for any other roof.

Summing up

A multi-gable roof is a technically complex structure, for the competent construction of which accurate calculation and knowledge of the installation nuances are especially important.

Such roofs look great both on square or rectangular buildings, allowing them to acquire a more interesting appearance, and on houses of complex shape, when it is the only possible option for arranging the roof.

It is important to remember that any complication of the roof structure does not have the best effect on the cost and strength of the roof. Any element of the roof should, first of all, be of practical use, and not be erected for the sake of taste.

Multi-gable roof: truss system - diagrams and drawings

The advantages and disadvantages of a multi-gable roof are considered, the main points are given in the calculation and construction of the truss system of this design.

We make a gable roof with our own hands

Private houses are decorated with roofs of various shapes. Among them there are tongs. They are a structure that rests on two walls of the same height. Such roofs have two slopes. The end part in its shape resembles a triangle. If the walls are made of wood, then such a triangle is called tongs, and if made of brick - pediments. You can make a gable roof with your own hands.

gable roof calculation

Gable roofs have two slopes. There are no restrictions on the choice of roofing materials.

When constructing such a roof, as a rule, material waste is minimal. This is due to the fact that the shape of the slopes is rectangular. By the way, slopes can have different lengths and angles of inclination.

Such a roof is characterized by the use of a warm attic, which is used as an additional room. Roof insulation can lead to additional costs for materials and complicate the work.

The optimal angle for the slope is determined within 20-45 degrees and depends on the construction area. If the terrain is snowy, it is better to increase the slope to avoid the formation of snow accumulations.

Shield roof: the beginning of construction

The device of such a roof begins with laying out the end parts - tongs. This is not the easiest task, because they must be exactly the same.

To calculate the length of the slope, use the Pythagorean theorem, familiar to everyone from school. So, if we imagine that the slope is the hypotenuse of the calculated triangle, then one of the legs will be the height from the beginning of the slope to the ridge along the plane of the wall, and the second will be half the length of the facade wall.

If the house has a simple shape in plan, then you can use the use of a gable roof, but if the shape of the structure is complex, then an option appears using a multi-gable roof. It is more difficult to build them, because they have a lot of valleys.

Gable roof device

When constructing such a roof, two types of rafters are used - layered and hanging.

Slanted are a structure that has a support beam in the middle, which transfers the load from the ridge to the Mauerlat, laid on load-bearing walls. This beam is mounted in the middle of the outer walls.

Hanging rafters are used in cases where the distance between the walls is less than 10 meters or there is no load-bearing wall in the middle of the house.

They are supported on the side walls. However, this creates a rippling effect. It gives additional load to the walls. To avoid this, the design of the hanging rafters provides for connecting the rafters with puffs in such a way that a triangle appears. Floor beams can be used to perform this function.

Puffs can be mounted from above and below. In this case, the upper ones must be installed in such a way that the distance from the ridge is more than 50 centimeters.

Types of roof truss systems

• Mauerlat. Wooden bars with a section of 15x10 or 15x15 centimeters are suitable for him;
• rafters. For them, pine boards with a section of 15x5 centimeters are chosen.
• spacers;
• counterlattice. It is laid after a layer of waterproofing. For her, choose bars with a section of 5x5 centimeters or boards 3x10 centimeters;
• the lathing is selected under the roofing. It can be made of edged or unedged boards, plywood, OSB boards.

Stages of work

1. Depending on the design of the house, we choose the appropriate system of rafters.
2. If the rafter system is hanging, then the rafter legs are assembled in advance. And after the assembly is completed, the resulting rafter triangles are mounted on the two extreme structures of the truss system. Next, proceed to the installation of adjacent rafters.
3. We lay the mauerlat (support beam) on the load-bearing walls, provided that the house is made of blocks or bricks, but if the building is built of beams or logs, then you can use the top bar as a mauerlat.
4. Mauerlat is attached to brick walls on pre-walled threaded metal rods. They should be installed in increments of a meter and a half. This will make the structure more durable and stable. In this case, the diameter of such rods must be at least 10 mm.
5. Before installing the Mauerlat, a layer of waterproofing is laid on the brick walls (roofing material can be used for this purpose). It is attached to bolts with washers.
6. If the walls are made of foam concrete or ceramics, then before installing the Mauerlat, their surface is poured with reinforced concrete 20-30 centimeters high.
7. Mauerlats are installed parallel to each other to avoid irregularities during the installation of the truss system.
8. Before installing the rafters, it is necessary to make markings on the Mauerlat using a pencil and a ruler.
9. Rafters are made in accordance with the length of the slope, which can be determined by the Pythagorean theorem, based on already built tongs.
10. When calculating the length of the rafters, it is necessary to take into account the presence of an overhang, therefore, another 50 centimeters are added to the calculated value.

The length of the overhang depends on personal preferences for the appearance of the roof, but it is not recommended to make it less than 50 centimeters, otherwise it will not perform its functions - protecting the walls of the house.

Supporting the diagonal rafter leg on the Mauerlat

1. The lower end of the rafter should have a hole that will create a perfect attachment to the Mauerlat. This cut should be made 1/3 of the width of the rafter.

In order not to be mistaken with the location of the cutouts, you can prepare a small drawing, where you mark all the necessary values.

1. With a hanging system of rafters, they are attached to each other on metal plates or bolts.
2. They are fixed with jibs, dismantled after completion of work.
3. Next, the filly is fastened, which will form the overhang of the roof.
4. After the installation of the filly and rafters, they proceed to the installation of the crate and massive durable boards to the ridge.
5. If we are talking about layered rafters, then the assembly begins with the installation of the bed. Supports are attached to it.
6. This is followed by the installation of a ridge beam, fixed with jibs.
7. And at the end, rafters with a length exceeding the length of the beam are mounted on the beam.
8. The type of lathing is chosen depending on the roofing.
9. Any roof, including a gable one, should be provided with a layer of hydro- and vapor barrier. And in the presence of a warm attic, there is also a heater.

Multi-gable roof

The multi-gable roof is also gable, and differs from the gable roof in a large number of slopes and the presence of valleys. Their device is a rather complicated and time-consuming process. Valleys are the junctions of two slopes when an internal corner is formed. In such places, accumulations of snow form and a large load can lead to the destruction of the structure. When organizing such a roof, it is imperative to provide for the organization of the descent of water and snow in the form of gutters.

When constructing valleys, it is imperative to use waterproofing materials to avoid leaks and the formation of decay on the wood. The lathing in the place of such internal corners is made solid, regardless of what it is for the selected roofing. All joints should be done with high quality, without the possible formation of cracks, so that there are no vulnerabilities.

Multi-gable roof truss system

To install such a roof, it is necessary to correctly calculate all the dimensions of the house and draw a small roof plan, on which you indicate where the skates will be located and where the valleys will be. This will help to correctly calculate the length of the rafter legs.

Do-it-yourself gable roof: construction, truss system, etc.

Do-it-yourself gable roof: calculation, choice of materials, detailed instructions.

Multi-gable roof

Classic variants of truss systems with two or four slopes are gradually giving way to more modern technical solutions. To please the consumer, designers, together with construction companies, are creating roofs that are more and more bizarre in shape. One of the most striking examples is the multi-gable roof truss system. In its configuration, it stands out from the standard design solutions.

Appearance

The roof of the classical form has several gentle slopes. In the multi-gable version, an additional element is embedded in one of the slopes. It's called a tong.

Rectangular timber frame

A tong is an insert consisting of two slopes that connects the truss structure with the frame of the house. A multi-gabled roof may have more than two gables.

Top view of various roof options

Important! The frame for a multi-gable roof has a more complex structure than that of a gable roof. It will take much more time to manufacture and assemble it. Labor costs and the amount of required building material will increase.

Positive and negative properties

A multi-gable roof is a complex truss system. It has a number of properties that make it in demand in the construction market:

Positive

• Strength. The frame is assembled from strong, well-prepared elements. Each of them has a high margin of safety.
• load bearing capacity of the entire frame. Thanks to the thoughtful and reliable geometric shape of the multi-gable roof, it can withstand significant wind and snow loads. A roof with this shape is suitable for installation in climatic regions with unpredictable and aggressive weather.
• Ease of maintenance. A multi-gable roof has a large angle of inclination of the slopes. Thanks to this, debris does not accumulate on the surface. Therefore, there is no need for systematic cleaning.
• Ergonomics. Each gable is an additional living space. This allows you to better use the free space of a private house.
• Interesting appearance. A complex roof will decorate any house, giving it uniqueness and recognizability against the background of other buildings.

Negative

• High cost of materials and labor. For the construction of a multi-gable truss structure, much more building and finishing materials will be needed than for the installation of classic options.
• High chance of leaks. There are many junctions and joints in the outer surface of the roof. Each of them is a weak point where leaks can form.
• High difficulty for do-it-yourself work. There are many elements in the design of the roof. It is easy for an inexperienced builder to get confused in them.

Important! Minor disadvantages are easily leveled by significant advantages of this truss system.

Components of the frame

To assemble a multi-gable roof, several basic elements are used:

Roof device

• Mauerlat is one of the main elements of the frame. This is the load-bearing beam on which the rafter "legs" rest. It evenly dissipates the load from the roof along load-bearing walls or columnar supports. In low-rise construction, the mauerlat is made from a wooden beam of rectangular or square section. Mauerlat is constantly subjected to significant loads. Therefore, a bar with a section of at least 150 × 150 mm is used. It is mounted on pre-prepared anchor bolts.
• Rafters - load-bearing elements installed at an angle to each other. Each rafter consists of two prefabricated parts. They are installed along the ridge. Rafter "legs" take the load from the roofing carpet and precipitation. They are attached to the Mauerlat with gashes, corners or staples. The upper part of the rafters is connected into one node with a ridge run.
• Racks are load-bearing elements installed vertically. Usually rafter "legs" or ridge runs rely on them.
• Struts - props for rafters installed at an angle.
• Endova - the junction of two adjacent slopes. It serves to drain rainwater. Snow and water can accumulate in the valley. Therefore, the frame near it is reinforced with additional supports or double rafter "legs". In places where the valley passes, a continuous crate is installed. The roofing carpet is reinforced with an additional layer of waterproofing. Then a special bar is mounted on top, along which rainwater flows.

Valley load

• An edge or ridge is a knot connecting the upper part of two adjacent slopes.
• Sheathing - structural elements that are fixed perpendicular to the rafter "legs". A roofing carpet is laid on it.

Frame calculation

To ensure the necessary strength and rigidity of the roof, it is necessary to make a complete calculation of all elements. Due to the complexity of the design, it is not recommended to carry it out on your own, it is better to contact a specialized design organization, where they will provide all the necessary documentation and a finished drawing.

The multi-gabled roof, complex in shape, looks harmoniously on cottages of any configuration and size. It allows you to get a unique residential building that will attract the admiring glances of neighbors and passers-by.

Multi-gable roof truss system drawing, video

Classic variants of truss systems with two or four slopes are gradually giving way to more modern technical solutions. To please the consumer, designers, together with construction companies, are creating roofs that are more and more bizarre in shape. One of the most striking examples is the multi-gable roof truss system.

Multi-gable roof- this is a type of pitched roof, the design of which consists of several or many tongs (gable elements with skates), along the edges of the overhangs forming gables in the structure.

Multi-gable roofs represent a complex structure, the distinguishing feature of which is the presence of gable elements intersecting or cutting into the main slope, forming numerical valleys on the roof.

Design features

Among roofs with straight planes of slopes, multi-gable roofs are complex types of roofs with numerous crossed slopes and internal angles between their joints. It is being built on buildings that are distinguished by a complex layout of various geometric shapes, multi-level attics and attic spaces.

A multi-gable roof is considered a complex structure. The complexity of the design is explained by the presence in such roofs of a large number of valleys and gables, the device of which causes specific difficulties and additional costs.

The arrangement of the valley requires especially close attention, because it is through them that streams of rain and melt water will flow in the future. Also in these places there is the greatest accumulation of snow, and therefore they must have a significant bearing capacity and tightness. The professional formation of the valley, the main vulnerable element of the roofing, ensures reliable removal of melt and rain water from the roof.

Structural elements

In multi-gable roofs, the following structural elements are always and necessarily present:

• gables and gable overhangs;
• valleys formed when pairing forceps;

Scheme of the truss system of a simple multi-gable roof:

Varieties of multi-gable roofs

The shape of a multi-gable roof can be very diverse and limited only by the imagination of the developer or designer. The number of tongs (gable elements with a ridge) in the roof can be from two to an unlimited number. Roof slopes can be in the form of triangles and trapezoids.

As a coating for multi-gable roofs, any roofing materials can be used, but provided that the roof frame (truss system) is properly designed, capable of withstanding all the loads on the roof during its operation.

Advantages and disadvantages of multi-gable roofs

The multi-gable roof structure has certain advantageous characteristics. These include:

• original, unique, elegant roof shapes;
• ideal combination with buildings of any architectural form;
• balanced truss system;
• the possibility of arranging a spacious attic and a significant increase in its usable area;
• no risk of stagnant rain and melt water due to the large slope of the roof surface and the presence of grooves;
• reliability, strength, durability of the structure;
• compliance of the cost of a multi-gable roof with operational and aesthetic characteristics.

The list of shortcomings of this type of roof includes: the level of complexity of installation, the presence of a large number of valleys that complicate the process of arranging, maintaining and maintaining the roof, as well as a high consumption of building materials. The installation of a multi-gable roof is a labor-intensive construction work, for which it is necessary to seek the help of professional specialists. Roof installation takes longer.

Despite the serious shortcomings of a complex architectural form, the aesthetic, original, presentable appearance and performance characteristics of a multi-gable roof rightfully deserve the praise and attention of private property owners.