How to plant carrots: proven methods. Growing carrots in open ground: rules and recommendations

Carrots are the most popular vegetable among consumers. It can be purchased at stores all year round. But the root crop will bring great benefits if it is grown independently on suburban area. This can be done subject to certain rules growing carrots.

Almost any crop needs to be fertilized before planting in the spring, and this can be done in the spring after planting in the country, or fertilized later directly into the hole. We will talk about how to properly care for carrots, how much and what kind of fertilizer to apply, about the little tricks of manure and humus, how to carry out frequent watering and how to love the plant we will tell in the article.

Before sowing seeds in open ground, the gardener must decide why he grows carrots and when he wants to get a crop. Sowing dates:

1. early spring sowing April 15 to May 15. Throughout June, you can already collect carrots in a bunch, and with the advent of August, enjoy sweet root crops.
2. summer sowing from May 15 to June 10. Harvesting will take place at the end of September, these carrots are laid in the cellar for winter storage.
3. Podzimny sowing from October 20 to November 15 allows you to use a young root crop before the main harvest. The main thing is to choose right place for beds - it should be on a hill so that the spring melting of snow does not drown the seeds.

If you sow in all possible dates, then fresh vegetables will be on the table all year round.

At winter sowing the formation of root crops occurs at a time when the carrot fly is just beginning its life activity. She is not yet able to harm the crop in the garden, the vegetables will be better.

Choosing a place for a garden bed

It's no secret that carrots are an unpretentious root crop, but to get a rich harvest, you still need to create comfortable conditions. When choosing a place for beds, the gardener should consider:

• This vegetable crop is growing very well. in a bright area;
• fertile loamy-sandy soil with 4% humus and neutral acidity 6-7 pH;
• previously, potatoes, tomatoes, corn and legumes were grown at the place of sowing;
• do not use for growing beds where they grew before spices(dill, parsley, fennel, etc.);
• it is forbidden plant a vegetable in the same area 2 consecutive years.

large root crops correct form grow up on peat soils, which were formed after the drying of the marshes. And on clay soil, carrots will take on an ugly shape due to strong growth resistance.

Before freezing, a plot for vegetables is necessary dig, remove roots and stones. But do not drive the shovel too deep into the ground and destroy the fertile layer. Dig should be to a depth of about 0.3 meters. With the onset of spring, level and loosen the surface deeply.

How to plant seeds for good seedlings

Gardeners practice a variety of methods for planting carrots, all of which have their advantages and disadvantages:

1. Sowing seeds considered the most fast way. The gardener simply scatters the dry seed into the prepared beds. At the same time, seed consumption cannot be called economical, and seedlings will be too thick and uneven.
2. Dragee- these are seeds placed in a nutrient shell, seedlings are friendly and strong. Their sowing consists in point distribution in small pits. The cost of pelleted seeds is higher, but you don’t have to spend time on thinning.
3. Pre germinated seeds give fast shoots. But in the absence of rain, you will have to water ahead of time, the sprouts are too weak and unable to cope with the pressure of the earth.
4. Roll method involves gluing small seeds onto long strips of paper. To plant, you only need to spread the strips in the garden, dig in with earth and water well and fertilize. Shoots will appear evenly, but a little later.
5. Liquid paste boil from potato starch, cool to room temperature and mix with mineral fertilizers. Pour the seeds into the resulting liquid and mix quickly. Pour the paste evenly into the grooves. With this method, you do not have to thin out the landings.

Regardless of the chosen method of planting, it is better to sow the seeds less often, so that further thinning is not carried out.

You can cover with foil for 2-3 weeks before the appearance of the first shoots. Thus, weeds will not interfere with the growth of plants, and a crust will not form on the soil, preventing the penetration of moisture to the roots.

If dry is selected for sowing planting material, additional preparation is required. You can disinfect by soaking the seeds in water heated to 40 degrees. But it's better to keep them in a solution of potassium permanganate- 1 g of substance per 100 ml of liquid. The procedure time should not exceed 20 minutes, after the seeds must be washed well clean water and dry.

Some gardeners already at the stage of seed preparation use specialized plant growth stimulants. But to obtain an environmentally friendly crop, this is not recommended.

Carrot care tips after planting

Carrot belongs to tight growing and slow growing vegetable crops. Do not think that after sowing it, you can forget about the beds until the harvest.

In order for the root crops to turn out strong and large and correspond varietal quality they should be looked after.

Fertilizers, dressings and folk remedies

The gardener will harvest an average crop in terms of quality and quantity if he confines himself to fertilizing at autumn digging site.

The plant needs top dressing throughout the entire growing season.

So, first time feed the vegetable a month after the inputs. At 10 l. water dissolve 1 tbsp. l. nitrophoska is a classic mineral fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The same solution is used in the second feeding after 2 weeks and in the third- at the beginning of August.

The best potash fertilizer is folk remedy how tincture of ash. To prepare it, it is necessary to pour 150 g of dry ash into a bucket of water in parts. Stir the mixture until the ashes are completely dissolved. At 10 l. dilute 1 liter of water. tinctures and this liquid to feed and water the roots of carrots or beets during the second half of the growing season.

How to water during growing season

When growing roots special meaning the irrigation system plays. Indeed, with insufficient soil moisture, the young roots of the plant will die, and overflowing the beds will lead to the fact that only livestock can eat the crop.

Therefore, immediately after sowing, the period begins proper watering beds:

1. The method used to stimulate inputs is sprinkling(300-400 m3/ha), and after - several tricks drip irrigation(20-30 m3/ha).
2. After the appearance of the entrances, depending on the weather conditions, watering is carried out every 2-3 days a small amount of water.
3. During the formation of root crops, the soil moisture regime changes - the frequency decreases, the volume of water increases.
4. The active growth of vegetables is accompanied by rare watering (1 time in 7-10 days), but moisture should penetrate into the ground to a depth of 10-15 cm.
5. Watering a month before harvest do not exercise even in the absence of rain. Excess moisture during this period will worsen taste qualities and keeping quality of vegetables.

Before digging up root crops, it is desirable to moisten the soil a little. In this way, the process is facilitated and the harvest improves the ability to keep fresh.

Correct weeding

One of the most disliked things gardeners do is weeding beds. But you can’t do without this tedious task, otherwise you can lose the entire crop due to the “attack” of weeds.

At the initial stage, when the plants have not yet sprouted, a plot with crops is recommended lay in several layers with newspapers, and cover with foil on top. With this method, the soil warms up well and moisture is retained in it, but weeds cannot actively grow. After 2 weeks, the innovative shelter should be removed and wait for the emergence of seedlings.

After 10-15 days, the plant appears first true leaf- This is a signal to start weeding. The procedure must be done very carefully so as not to capture cultural sprouts along with weeds.

When the 2nd leaf is formed, weeding combined with thinning if the sowing was carried out chaotically and the plantings were thickened. There should be a distance of 2-3 cm between plants. In this case, it is important to pull the sprouts up, and not to the side, otherwise the root of the neighboring vegetable will be damaged.

It is most convenient to thin out with the help of a female eyebrow plucking device - tweezers. It captures even the thinnest sprouts without harming the rest of the plants.

During the entire period of growth between the beds and plants, weeds must be weeded and the soil loosened. A month after the first thinning, repeat the procedure so that there is a distance of 4-5 cm between the root crops, but already pulled vegetables can be eaten.

It takes a lot of effort and time to grow carrots, but a rich and high-quality crop healthy vegetable cover all inconveniences. Most importantly, follow elementary rules planting and caring for plants. And then a tasty and crispy vegetable will be in the daily diet of the whole family, he will give all his nutrients and micronutrients.

Carrots are a very healthy and nutritious root vegetable. It is widely used in cooking various dishes and culinary delights, as well as juices. In addition, carrots contain a large number of trace elements and vitamins (the same carotene). It is especially beneficial for the growth and development of children.

To grow a rich crop of beautiful and even carrots, you need to know when and how to sow the seeds in the ground, as well as how to properly care for the seedlings.

Next, you will be presented with all the detailed information about planting carrots in the spring, namely: sowing dates, seed treatment methods, site selection and garden preparation, and, of course, correct sowing, as well as many others useful nuances root crop cultivation.

When to plant carrot seeds in open ground

Planting carrots with seeds is required to be carried out directly in open ground.

Carrots are not grown through seedlings! If you first plant the planting material in seedlings, and then plant it in the ground, then you are guaranteed to damage the young root crops and they will grow crooked.

As a rule, carrots are sown in the spring, although it is allowed and very welcome.

When to plant carrots in open ground in spring?

Each gardener has his own experience and is guided by the accumulated knowledge, choosing the optimal timing for planting carrots in the spring. Some adhere to the recommendations for rooting seedlings according to the advice of manufacturers, others track auspicious days according to the lunar calendar. But best of all, when choosing when to plant carrots in open ground in the spring, navigate on the weather toy climate zone in which your cottage or garden is located.

Carrots are not afraid of small spring return frosts, therefore, if you sow it in early spring and the temperature will drop, she will be able to endure a slight cold snap (up to - 3 degrees). However, such root crops, most likely, will not be stored for a long time, because low temperatures will lead to the growth of flower arrows and significantly reduce its keeping quality.

Important! There is no need to keep carrot seeds in the ground for a long period, planting them very early. Seedlings tend to rot, rot or not germinate in such conditions (seed germination temperature - +4..+6 degrees).

In this way, optimum temperature for sowing carrot seeds in open ground - +4 .. + 6 degrees (or less, but the seeds will sprout only when the soil warms up to the named values).

Depending on region and climate

To select the optimal timing for sowing carrots in the spring in different regions, it is recommended to focus on weather conditions (climatic features).

Thus, in the South of Russia, an orange root crop is sown in the ground much earlier than in the Middle lane (Moscow region), North-West ( Leningrad region) and even more so in the Urals and Siberia.

For example, sowing carrots in open ground in the south of Russia carried out almost immediately after the snow melts, that is, already in the second half of March - early April.

By the way! To obtain the earliest harvest, carrots are planted in autumn before winter or in early spring (in April). But for the purpose long-term storage this is usually done later, i.e. sometime in May or early June.

In the Middle lane (Moscow region) sowing is recommended late April-early May.

In the Urals and Siberia work on sowing carrots should be not earlier than May. Around the same time, carrots are planted and in the North-West (in the Leningrad region).

According to the lunar calendar in 2019

The lunar calendar will help you decide when to plant carrots in the spring, in which month.

According to the lunar calendar, in 2019 for sowing carrots The following days are ideal:

• in March - 10-12, 15-17, 23-25, 27-30;
• in April - 2-9, 11-15, 24-27, 29, 30;
• in May - 1-4, 12-14, 21-23;
• in June - 9-11, 18-20;
• in July - 25-31.

In addition to prosperous days, there are also days when it is extremely undesirable to carry out landing work (periods of full moon and new moon).

So, bad days, according to the lunar calendar, for planting carrots in 2019 are the following dates:

• in March - 6, 7, 21;
• in April - 5, 19;
• in May - 5, 19;
• in June - 3, 4, 17;
• in July - 2, 3, 17.

According to the lunar calendar, from the magazine "1000 Tips for a Summer Resident".

After which crops is it better to plant carrots

As you know, previous crops play an important role in choosing a site for planting any vegetables (of course, except for green manure).

So after what (which crops) is it best to plant carrots?

There is a sufficient number of vegetable crops, after which the site is most favorable for a red-haired beauty, namely this:

• tomatoes;
• potato;
• pumpkin;
• vegetable marrow;
• cucumber;
• white cabbage and cauliflower;
• garlic.

Important! Carrot do not plant only after celery and parsnips. And, of course, after the carrot.

Joint landing

Carrots are very often grown in the same garden with other crops. So, it is often planted along with parsley, radish, peas, lettuce.

Especially often I plant carrots together with onion sets or leeks.

For example, you can alternate rows of carrots and onions, or alternatively plant onions around the perimeter of the carrot bed.

Thus, onions and carrots are ideal mutually beneficial neighbors: onions repel carrot flies, and carrots, in turn, repel onion flies.

However, you should not plant them interspersed or too close to each other, because onions grow much faster and can simply crush carrots. In addition, it will be very inconvenient to thin out. And carrots require much more frequent watering than an onion.

Video: joint landing onions and carrots

Like a bow, they have a similar deterrent effect. marigold, which you can also plant around the perimeter of the garden.

Interesting! Sometimes carrots and radishes planted together, mixing seeds. This way, after you pluck and eat all the radishes, there will be enough space between shoots, which means you won't have to thin out the carrots.

How to plant carrot seeds in open ground

In order to properly plant carrots in open ground with seeds, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with important information on seed preparation and soil quality requirements before planting. You need to know how to sow carrot seeds in the spring so that they sprout quickly and well. And also fulfill the necessary conditions for planting, sheltering seeds and caring for them after sowing.

Seed preparation

Carrot seeds tend to sit long enough before sprouting (up to 3 weeks). The fact is that the essential oils contained in them prevent their swelling and stretch the time of germination and, as a result, germination. Therefore, in order to speed up their germination, the seeds must be soaked (washed with essential oils).

By the way! The germination of carrot seeds remains at high level(50-70%) within 3-4 years. Yes, compared to other seeds, the percentage of germination in carrots is quite low.

Important! If you bought coated, granulated or glazed carrot seeds, then no additional preparation is required for such seed. They are already processed and covered with a special nutrient shell. Such seeds must be sown dry so as not to wash off the protective film.

Therefore, to accelerate the germination of carrot seeds, the following methods of their preparation (processing) for sowing are used:

• heat treatment or soaking in a gauze bag in hot water(50-60 degrees) for 20 minutes, and then cooling to cold water;

But! Many advise keeping the seeds in hot water for a day, while changing the water as it cools and becomes saturated with essential oils.

• you can also soak the seeds in one of the growth promoters, for example, in Epin or Zircon (according to instructions);

After soaking, the seeds must be dried to a free-flowing state so that they do not stick during sowing.

• bubbling seeds;

Advice! More about seed sparging you can read e.g.

• grandfather's way. Dry carrot seeds are poured into a canvas or linen, in other words, a fabric bag and buried in damp soil in early spring on a shovel bayonet (25-30 cm). The earth at this moment is quite wet, not warmed up and cold. In this form, planting material is recommended to withstand for 2 weeks. Thanks to this procedure, the seedlings will swell, and will also undergo natural stratification (as with), which will have a beneficial effect on their immunity. Before the scheduled planting date, the bag of seeds must be removed from the ground. Then put the seeds on paper or cloth to dry. And then sow in the ground.

Video: preparing carrot seeds for sowing

There is also a rather unusual, but very effective way improve the germination of carrot seeds. To do this, they need to be poured into a bag and immersed for 20-25 minutes(not for a day or an hour!) into vodka. Then rub the seed bag with your fingers, periodically dipping it in vodka, until a dirty yellowish color and a disgusting smell appear. Next, this bag must be washed in running water, also rubbing with your fingers, and pour onto paper to dry.

Video: increasing the germination of seeds of umbrella crops, including carrots

Choosing a place for the garden

First of all, you need to choose optimal location for placing a carrot bed in the garden. As you know, carrots are sunny vegetable, so it should only be planted in open areas to spend the whole day in the sun.

Even a slight shading significantly delays the growth of root crops, and as a result, they are formed small.

In general, it is ideal if it is a warm (high) bed.

Orange root vegetable will feel best on light and loose soils. Ideally, if it is cultivated and fertile loamy, sandy or peaty soil. As for her acidity, then it should be neutral or slightly acidic(6.3-7.5 pH).

Note! If the soil will be too dense, then carrots can grow.

Garden preparation

For spring sowing of carrots, in advance, preferably back in autumn, prepare a bed.

During the preparation of the intended area, it is necessary to dig up the garden bed (on a shovel bayonet = 25 cm) and add more humus and rotted compost(1 bucket per 1 sq.m), as well as wood ash and bone meal(100-200 grams per 1 sq.m). If you allow the use mineral fertilizers, then it is desirable to introduce 10-15 grams of superphosphate and potassium sulfate(potassium sulfate).

If you have very heavy soil, then be sure to also add about 1/2 bucket of river sand and peat (per 1 sq.m. beds).

During the preparation of the beds, it is necessary remove all weeds and carefully select all large stones.

As you know, carrots cannot tolerate fresh manure and lime.

Note! If you sow carrots on a bed previously fertilized fresh manure(even in autumn), then root crops can grow.

And already in the spring, a couple of weeks before sowing seeds in the ground, if you prepared the garden bed in the fall, you don’t need to dig up the soil (if you cook in the spring, then you just need to do it and just in 2 weeks), you just need to carefully level the soil surface, as well as break up large clods of earth.

If you allow the use of mineral fertilizers, then it is also advisable to add 10-15 grams of urea (urea) per 1 sq.m. beds.

Direct fit (classic)

Advice! For landing, it is optimal to choose a day when The weather will be warm and calm (no wind).

Step-by-step instruction classical sowing of carrot seeds in open ground:

• A week before sowing the seeds, pour the future carrot bed abundantly. hot water(even better with adding and then cover plastic wrap to retain moisture and better heating.

• Immediately before sowing, make grooves 2-3 cm deep, cutting them at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other.

A deeper sowing of carrots will significantly delay the emergence of seedlings, but, on the contrary, a shallower one can cause the death of germinated seeds.

A distance of 15-20 cm is enough so that the rows of carrots do not shade each other.

• Next, moisten the grooves with hot water or a warm solution of potassium permanganate, and even better with a solution.

• Then the grooves should be lightly powdered with wood ash (potash fertilizer) and tobacco dust (from pests).
• Next, spread the seeds at a distance of at least 1 cm from each other, and preferably 2-3 cm.

Do not thicken the crops too much, because. you will need to thin them out more.

• Everything, you just have to fill up the furrows fertile soil and compact to improve seed-to-soil contact. Optionally, you can also mulch with peat chips.
• In order for the soil to remain moist longer, it retains heat, which means that the seeds germinate faster (sprouts appear), the bed should again close with a film, and even better with a spunbond, because it can be too hot under the film and the seedlings can burn.

Attention! After the first shoots appear, all shelter must be removed promptly (after about 7-14 days, if you previously soaked the seeds). Otherwise, an excessively humid environment can contribute to the decay of tender sprouts.

Video: how to sow carrots

Other unusual ways and methods of planting seeds

For planting carrots in the spring there are several interesting ways:

The essence of almost all methods is to sow the seeds as evenly as possible, so that subsequently there is no need to thin out a lot.

• direct sowing dry seeds into the furrows (the easiest way);
• sowing dry seeds with sand(1 part seeds mixed with 5 or 10 parts sand);
• sowing seeds with tobacco and/or mustard dust(additional protection against carrot pests);
• sowing germinated seeds(at first, the soil in the garden should be constantly wet, otherwise the seedlings may die);
• sowing coated (processed) seeds (everything is similar to dry seeds);

• sowing using kissel.

Sowing using jelly (starch, paste)

Many gardeners call this method (jelly) the best known.

In this way, you can sow both soaked seeds and already hatched ones, and without any fear of damaging the sprouts.

The essence of planting carrots in this way is as follows:

• First you need to prepare starch jelly (paste). First of all, 2 tbsp. dissolve tablespoons of starch in 0.2 liters of water at room temperature, while putting 0.8 liters of water on fire in parallel. When it boils, pour in the resulting solution, and then stir continuously (so that there are no lumps) for 2-3 minutes until it boils. Then turn off the gas and let it cool down.
• Prepare seeds.

By the way! You can take pre-soaked (processed) seeds, or even better, so that they have already begun to hatch.

• Then fill 2 liter bottle the resulting jelly (paste), pour seeds into it (about 2 grams or 1 tablespoon of seeds per 1 liter, i.e. 4 grams or 2 tablespoons per 2 liters) and mix thoroughly (shake).

Alternatively, for convenience and increased sowing speed, it is better to use bottles with a fairly rigid wall, for example, from under milk or kefir (or even better ketchup or dishwashing detergent, the neck is more convenient there). Then, in the bottle cap (if you take a bottle), you can make a hole into which you can firmly insert or screw plastic tube(the body of a simple ballpoint pen, only without a sharp tip).

• It is enough to quickly shed the groove from beginning to end with a thin stream of jelly with seeds, squeezing the bottle (pressing on the walls).

Practice ahead of time to adjust the speed and jet for proper seed distribution.

Video: a tricky way to plant carrots without thinning (using a paste)

You can also use a special manual vegetable seeder (planter), which is sold in any garden store.

Landing with tape

Perhaps the most popular way to sow carrots is to plant with tape(paper strips, for example, the same toilet paper).

You need to stick the carrot seeds on the paper strips at the appropriate distance, and then simply lay the seed strips in the grooves and cover with soil.

Video: technology for planting carrot seeds on paper tape (toilet paper) in open ground

By the way! Now on sale you can find ready-made tapes with glued carrot seeds. At the same time, they are by no means much more expensive than ordinary seeds.

Thus, you just need to choose the way you like best or not invent and stick to the classics.

Video: 10 different (most popular) ways to plant carrots

There is also a rather tricky way of planting carrots in egg trays , thanks to which 2 problems immediately disappear: thinning and weeding from weeds. However, according to reviews experienced gardeners, this method does not give a proper harvest, the root crops are too small.

Video: just a way to plant carrots in egg cells

How to care for carrots after planting

Of course, in order to get a good harvest of carrots, you need not only to sow the seeds correctly, but also in the future to carry out competent and complete care for seedlings and growing root crops.

Video: agricultural technology for growing carrots

Watering and humidity

Carrots are very demanding on moisture.

In case of improper watering, carrots grow deformed (curve) and with big amount the thinnest roots on the entire root crop.

It is very important to regularly water carrots at the beginning of growth, when the plant is still weak. root system(i.e. at this time, it extracts water from the soil rather weakly and spends a lot on evaporation).

When the plant has a sufficiently developed root system, it will no longer need frequent watering.

Advice! Carrots respond well to small drops of watering.

When about a month remains before harvesting, watering can be stopped, since carrots tolerate a temporary lack of moisture better than others. With a developed root system, it extracts water well, consumes it sparingly.

Note! Detailed information about how to water carrot beds, you can get by reading

Video: how to properly water carrots after planting

top dressing

All nutrients (fertilizers) should be applied before directly planting carrot seeds in the ground. The application of fertilizers (especially nitrogen) during the growing season can only provoke an increased accumulation of nitrates in root crops.

Worth knowing! Magnesium fertilizers can increase the content of carotene in fruits.

Loosening and weeding

Carrots are very responsive to loosening the soil, because thanks to this procedure oxygen is better delivered (penetrates) to the roots, which is what we need for the development of a good root crop.

It is also very important to carefully weed the beds, ridding them from weeds.

Video: how to get a good harvest of carrots - how to water, whether to feed, when to thin out

thinning

thinning must be carried out with a strong thickening. In this case, you should not wait until the root crop is tied. Otherwise, you can simply damage nearby root crops, which will lead to a loss of quality appearance.

By the way! More detailed information about the timing and methods of thinning carrots you will find

Video: how to properly thin out carrots

Diseases and pests of carrots

As mentioned earlier, in order to scare away the carrot fly from carrot plantings, you can plant onion.

When to harvest carrots and how to store them

Thus, knowing all the basic rules and recommendations, it will not be difficult for even a novice gardener to plant carrot seeds in the spring with seeds in open ground. The main thing is to prepare the bed, soak the seeds and decide on the sowing method. Of course, in order to get a good harvest, you will also need to take care of the seedlings, as well as dig the crop from the garden in time. Well, what do you want? Good luck!

Video: how to plant carrots in open ground with seeds - the subtleties of planting

In contact with

Carrots, planting and care open ground which require the fulfillment of certain agrotechnical measures, is a small-seeded culture from the Umbelliferae family. A native of Afghanistan, where it grows today the largest number species of root, came to Europe in the X-XIII centuries.

The diversity of the genus is divided into 2 varieties - wild and sowing carrots, used in the agricultural sector. Cultivated carrots, in turn, include 2 types of varieties - fodder and table.

Among the most popular varieties, on the development of which breeders are constantly working, the following stand out:

• "Alenka" - an early variety with a ripening period of 50 days after germination. Orange root crops up to 15 cm long have average weight within 145
• "Tushon" - early ripe variety, used for food 60-65 days after germination. The mass of the root crop is 150 g with a length of 20 cm.
• "Nantes" is a mid-season variety, represented by cylindrical, blunt root crops weighing up to 165 g, which are suitable for both food and storage.
• "Vitamin" feature root crops of this mid-season variety is a high concentration of carotene, good taste, does not crack.
• "Queen of Autumn" is a mid-season variety whose root crops are great for long-term storage.
• "Flakke" is a mid-season variety that shows excellent yields even on heavy soil.
• "Mo" is a late-ripening variety, characterized by good harvests, which are stored throughout the winter. Excellent taste and juiciness.

Carrots: growing features

Carrots are not afraid of the cold, but they cannot stand the shade.

When cultivating an umbrella representative, the following features should be taken into account:

• evenness of the relief on the site;
• soil composition;
• depth of digging beds;
• bright lighting;
• abundant watering;
• compliance with crop rotation;
• timely implementation of protective measures.

Sowing seeds in open ground

For getting good harvest before you start sowing seeds in garden beds, you need to study the agricultural technology of cultivating a crop, starting from the initial stage - sowing.

Choosing a place and preparing beds

Carrots show the best yield in flat, well-lit areas, where last year nightshade (tomatoes, potatoes), pumpkin (cucumbers, zucchini) crops were cultivated, as well as garlic, onions and cabbage. If small-seeded crops (dill, fennel, carrots) grew on the site, then you should not opt ​​for it because of the poverty of the soil and the risk of infection with specialized harmful organisms that have accumulated in the soil. The root crop reaches its maximum size on light, loose soils with a good fertile layer.

Soil is being prepared for spring sowing in the autumn season:

1. The selected area is dug up to a depth of 30 cm.
2. For digging, fertilizers are applied in the form of 15 g of superphosphate, 15 g of potassium sulfate, 20 g of ammonium nitrate and 2-3 kg of humus per 1 m².
3. With the advent of spring, the site is harrowed with a rake.

Attention! If you dig only the surface layer of soil (up to 20 cm), then the roots will grow crooked, ugly.

How and when to sow?

Planting carrots in the spring is carried out in mid-April, when the earth warms up to 4-6 ° C.

However, depending on the characteristics of the site and the selected variety, the terms may vary:

• Mid-season and late varieties are sown from the end of April to May 10th.
• On light soils, sowing is permissible until the end of the spring season.
• In the southern regions, where the earth warms up earlier, seeding in open ground can be carried out in the second half of March.

It is known that good seeds are the key to a high yield.

To get healthy seedlings, you must adhere to the following sowing algorithm:

1. Seeds are wrapped in a cloth and placed in water heated to 50 ° C for 20 minutes, after which they are cooled for several minutes in cold water.
2. Grooves are prepared with a depth of 2 cm with a distance of 30 cm.
3. The distance between the seeds is kept within 2-3 cm.
4. After planting the seed, the beds are mulched to prevent crusting.

You can simplify the procedure for preparing seeds: in dense fabric they are buried in moist cold earth 10 days before sowing.

On a note! Carrot is a cold-resistant crop and easily tolerates frosts down to -4°C.

Planting carrots in autumn, before winter

Winter sowing, which makes it possible to harvest 14 days earlier than usual, is only valid for early varieties, and is carried out in light soil at the end of October according to the following scheme:

1. The soil is prepared 20 days before sowing.
2. After sowing, the beds are mulched with a layer of peat 3 cm thick.
3. With the advent of spring, a film is stretched over the site, which is removed when shoots appear.

Carrots: outdoor care and proper watering

Successful cultivation of a vitamin-rich root crop involves the implementation of certain care measures.

Thinning and loosening

With dense sowing, after the formation of one pair of true leaves in the seedlings, thinning is carried out, as a result of which an interval of 2-3 cm should be obtained between the specimens. The second time, the crops are thinned out after the formation of two pairs of leaves. The result of the procedure is a distance between seedlings of 4-6 cm. Together with thinning, the soil is loosened and cleared of weeds.

Advice! For convenience, it is better to pull the beds after wetting.

Watering

Timely moistening, which is carried out weekly, is the key to the full development of the plant and the formation of large, juicy root crops.

When watering, in order not to overdo it, but also not to dry out the soil, you should follow the recommendations:

• In the first weeks after sowing, the beds are moistened at the rate of 3 liters per 1 m2.
• When the distance between specimens increases to 5 cm, the water consumption increases to 10 liters per 1 m2.
• After the development of thick tops, which indicates the beginning of root growth, the volume of irrigation fluid reaches 20 liters per 1 m2.
• 1.5 months before harvesting, the volume and frequency of wetting are gradually reduced.

top dressing

During the growing season, carrots are fed twice (after the second thinning and during the beginning of root growth) with a solution prepared from 400 g wood ash, 10 g nitroammophoska, 20 g potassium nitrate and 15 g of superphosphate per 10 liters of water.

Disease and pest control

Carrots are susceptible to damage by harmful organisms. Among the diseases, phomosis, bacteriosis, septoria, gray, white, red rot are dangerous.

To avoid their development, you must:

• carry out pre-sowing seed treatment, in which pathogens are destroyed;
• limit the application of nitrogen fertilizers that stimulate the development of gray and white rot during storage;
• do not feed carrots with manure, which provokes the development of red rot.

Of the pests on the representative of the umbrella, a carrot fly, winter scoop, wireworm and slugs are noted, which must be dealt with:

• mechanically - in the case of gastropods;
• chemical method.

The carrot fly is moisture-loving, so it is better to sow in open beds, away from water bodies. Chamomile infusions scare her away.

Harvest and storage

Harvesting is carried out in several stages:

• During the second half of summer, root crops are pulled out for food, and early and mid-ripening varieties are also harvested.
• At the end of September, late varieties intended for long-term storage are harvested.

Root crops are harvested on a dry, warm day according to the following scheme:

1. Carrots are pulled out by the leaves from light soil or dug up with pitchforks in case of heavy soils.
2. The extracted vegetables are sorted.
3. In healthy root crops, the tops are cut off, after which they are placed under a canopy.
4. After a few days, the crop is sent to storage.

For storage, boxes are used that are lowered into the basement or cellar, where the root crops in containers are sprinkled with sand or sawdust.

The nuances of growing in the suburbs, in Siberia

Two main parameters depend on the climatic zone of crop cultivation:

• timing of sowing seeds in open ground;
• variety selection.

In the Moscow region, varieties of different ripening periods are grown, and seeds are sown from the second half of April until the end of spring, while for Siberia with a colder climate, the range of varieties is rather limited and comes down to a few mid-season ones - for example, Nantesskaya, Vitaminnaya. Otherwise, the agricultural technique for cultivating carrots is no different.

So, knowing the nuances of growing carrots, even a novice gardener will be able to achieve high performance when harvesting a vitamin vegetable.

The right predecessors for carrots

It is advisable to plant carrots after onions, cabbage, early potatoes and beets and green manure sown after them (phacelia, mustard, winter rye). For early carrots, mulch from the garden better in spring put away. Otherwise, the mulched land will warm up much longer, the sowing time will have to be postponed, the seeds will germinate longer.

Late varieties can be sown directly under green manure mulch when it dries and the soil underneath warms up. For mulch, humus is also used. Manure, so that the root crop does not branch, is applied no later than two years before sowing carrots.

Planting carrots: need on time

Carrots are a cold-resistant crop: to spring sowing they start when the soil at a depth of 5-7 cm warms up to 4-5 ° (usually in mid-April). Summer carrots are sown in the second decade of June.

Most often, carrots are sown in rows (3-4 per row) with an interval of 15-20 cm and a row spacing of 45-60 cm. Furrows are made 1.5-2 cm deep and covered with humus or sand. When sprouts appear, they are thinned out, leaving 5 cm gaps between plants. If the seeds are of high quality, they are glued with a flour or starch paste at 5 cm intervals onto a strip of soft paper, such as toilet paper. The strip is bent along so that the seeds do not crumble.

In order not to engage in thinning seedlings, gardeners also use the nesting method of sowing. Why do small round holes 10-15 cm in diameter and 3 cm deep are made on the surface of the prepared and leveled ridge. Each nest is abundantly spilled with water, several granules of double superphosphate or complex organo-mineral fertilizer are placed in the center, 3 4, usually coated seeds. Sowing is covered with a mixture of crushed coal and river sand and slightly compacted (rolled) with a hand or a plank.

Attentive protection of carrots

Carrots must be protected from pests, crusts on the soil and spring drought. Around the nests, several granules of double superphosphate or complex organo-phosphate are mulched.

In the phase of the beginning of the formation of the root crop, carrots are sprayed over the leaves with a solution of humates (Rostok, Gumi, Humat + 7), silicon-containing preparations (Ekost, Narcissus, Ecogel) and extracts of mycorrhizal fungi and medicinal plants(Emistim, Floravit) with a working fluid flow rate of 30 ml per 1 sq. m.

Supporters organic farming add mulch to the aisles several times a season. At classic way growing aisles until the tops close, they are regularly loosened to a depth of 5 cm on light soils and 10 cm on heavy soils. If the head of the carrot rises above the ground, the plantings should be slightly spudded or mulched - in the light, the root crop turns green and becomes tasteless.

thinning carrots

Rows of carrots are thinned out twice - one and a half and three weeks after emergence, leaving a distance between adjacent plants of 2-3 cm and 5 cm, respectively. Doing so better in the morning. After that, the bed is watered and sprinkled with ground hot red pepper to drown out the carrot smell that attracts the psyllid and. For the same purpose, rejected onions and marigolds are planted along the perimeter of the carrot beds.

Watering carrots: in moderation

Young carrots should be watered abundantly, but rarely. When there is little moisture, root crops grow small. If it impregnates only the surface layer of the soil, the carrot turns out to be horned. Therefore, for uniform irrigation and water saving, especially in the southern regions of the country, drip lines are used. They are laid simultaneously with the sowing of seeds to a depth of 5 cm. At the height of summer, carrots are watered according to the weather, preventing the soil from drying out. At the end of the season, watering is stopped, otherwise many small roots grow on the root crops and the crop turns out to be “hairy”.

Gardeners noticed that in our country carrot varieties grow best Shantenay(conical root crops) and Nantekaya(long conical root crops - Anastasia, Riga, Samson, Nayarit, Baltimore, Bangor, Samant but).

Growing carrots: a note to the gardener

Carrots - slow-witted: rises on the 14-21st day. This is due to the resinous ethereal substances contained in the seed coat. But if some gardeners prefer the natural course of events, others seek to help the carrots germinate faster.

There are several ways to do this:

• the seeds are placed in a gauze bag, kept in fresh portions of hot (50 °) water 2-3 times for 20 minutes, after which they are cooled in cold water and dried;
• sparge 18-20 hours with aquarium compressor in a jar with solutions of boric acid (0.01%) or growth stimulants ( Humat, Silk, Phytolife, Epin);
• carrot seeds wrapped in soft tissue and bury a shovel on a bayonet in moist soil, after 10-12 days they dig out swollen, pecked seeds, powder with food starch, carefully lay them out in grooves at an interval of 3-4 cm and sprinkle with sand or compost;
• rub between dry palms, then soak in cold water for a day (keep in the refrigerator or on an unheated veranda), periodically renewing the water;
• stand 6 hours in cold water, and then 2-4 hours in the infusion of wood ash (1 tablespoon per 1 liter of water).

When choosing carrots, remember: the more early the variety or hybrid, the shorter and smaller the root crop.

The earliest harvest yields carrots of the Parisian Carotel variety with rounded short root crops.

Carrot variety flakke with cone-shaped blunt-ended cylindrical roots - the latest, but also the most productive.

Long shelf life carrots

Not all varieties and hybrids of carrots can be stored long time in ordinary basements and cellars.

Varieties and hybrids for long winter storage

Suitable for winter storage are the following:

• mid-late - Anastasia, Aristo, Ascania, Basel, Baltimore, Callisto, Canada, Concerto, Red Boyar, Nigel, Nanko, Nantindo, Narbonne, Nectar, Nerak, Sirkana, Flam, Shantane red cored;
• later - Vita longa, Camaran, Karlena, Carotan, Maestro, Feria.

Site and soil selection

Carrots are best placed outdoors. sunny place with good breathability. It gives root crops of higher commercial quality on sandy and light loamy soddy-podzolic soils. On heavy loams, the properties of carrots are sharply reduced due to the large number of branched root crops.

Predecessors and neighbors

Good predecessors for carrots are cucumbers, early potatoes, tomatoes, green crops. But it is best to place it after

onions and onions. Carrots sown after them acquire immunity to the disease of white and gray rot.

Seed preparation

It is desirable to use last year's seeds for sowing, they must have a germination capacity of at least. 70%. They check it like this: a few seeds are rubbed between the fingers - they should smell like fresh carrots.

There are many ways to prepare seeds for sowing. Good results are given by the drug "Epin". In its solution (2 drops per 100 ml of boiled water), the seeds are soaked for 4 hours. After drying, they are ready for sowing.

Sowing carrots

Sowing for long-term storage is carried out in the second or third decade of May. Carrots sown in the summer (until June 15) store even better, but here it is already necessary to apply techniques that accelerate the emergence of seedlings, since the weather is often dry at this time. Seeds should be pecked, and after

sowing, it is necessary to carry out abundant watering, and then cover the bed with a span-bond.

When sowing carrots using the ridge method, two grooves are made at the top of the ridge at a distance of 8 cm from each other with a depth of 1-1.5 cm. The bottom is compacted back side metal rakes, sow, and then cover the seeds with loose soil. Seeding rate - 0.4 g / sq. m.

On a flat surface, combined crops can be applied. Most successful combination is the forcing of onions between the rows of carrots. Suitable for these purposes and salad. Shoots of carrots develop slowly, and after a month these crops can be used for food. The grooves are cut with a row spacing of 45 cm. To avoid thickening, the seeds must be mixed with sifted peat, sand or lettuce seeds, the seedlings of which will mark the rows of slowly sprouting carrots. It is advisable to mulch the rows with sifted peat or humus after sowing. This technique prevents the formation of soil crust.

Particular attention should be paid to thinning carrots, which do not tolerate thickening. The first time is thinned out at a plant height of 6-7 cm, leaving 2-3 cm between them. The second time, when the root crop reaches the thickness of a pencil, a distance of 4-5 cm is left between the plants. Thinning is preferably carried out in the evening after abundant watering. Pulled plants must be removed from the garden immediately so that their smell does not attract carrot flies.

© V. LEUNOV G. Fomenko, agronomist-vegetable grower

Rosalind Nail Gel Polish Lacquer Semi Permanent UV Hybrid Nail Art Gel…

65.8 rub.

Free shipping

★★ ★★ ★★ ★★ ★★ (4.80) | Orders (45)

In Russia there is no such garden where carrots are not planted. Some root crops work out well, juicy, smooth, sweet. Others look painful, crooked squiggles, bitter, cracked. What is the secret of this orange beauty? Maybe in the choice of seeds? Hardly.

How to grow carrots in the open field so that she will thank high yield? It turns out that she is still that capricious girl. And it needs a special approach. Just from the category of "dancing with a tambourine" and "what else do you need?".

soil for carrots

Carrot is a stubborn girl. Slightly that not on it or her, at once the nose turns back. In other words, it begins to grow at random. He releases a lot of tails, but there is no sense. That is, the soil should be as loose as possible. That's right, so that the foot drowns. Therefore, the bed is prepared in advance, in the fall.

They dig deep, one and a half bayonet. So that there was room for carrots to grow. Otherwise, it will start to dodge and spin.

She also loves to eat, hearty and dense. But during growth it is inconvenient to feed her. It is useless to pour from above, when will it still reach the root? It is also impossible to loosen the earth, there is a risk of damaging small roots. What to do? Apply fertilizer early.

In autumn, well-ripened humus is added, but more. Manure is not brought in. Only if he completely overdid it, and even then they abstain. The sand is poured, large, clean. Sawdust, shavings are not suitable. They strongly acidify the soil, and carrots do not like this passion. It is better to pour fluffy lime, dolomite flour, pour ash. Again, this is all - strictly before the winter digging.

Mineral fertilizers are added. Especially orange beauty respects potassium, phosphorus. But nitrogen does not like. At all. Root vegetables are huge, but not sweet. Only suitable for livestock feed.

And vice versa. If you plan to sow carrots in winter, then the garden bed is prepared in advance, in spring or in the middle of summer.

Is it possible to plant carrots before winter

So what? If the bed is well cultivated, then why not? Seeds begin to germinate already at a soil temperature of +5°C. Suddenly arrive at the site much later? In addition, an early carrot will not hurt anyone, especially on the table. Another plus: by the time the weeds begin to sprout, the beauty will grow a beautiful lush braid. Therefore, she is not in danger of being beaten.

Of course for long storage such root crops are not suitable, you will have to lie too long. But for early use - just right.

The principle of winter sowing is very simple. To do this, prepare a bed from the summer. Around October, furrows are cut according to the usual pattern. And prepare dry soil in buckets. They are put in the underground, cellar, barn. In a word, where the earth does not freeze into a lump and remains loose.

With the onset of persistent frosts, about -10 ° C, they come to the garden. Almost the entire layer of snow is removed from it, leaving about 1-1.5 cm. Carrot seeds are laid directly on the snow in the prepared grooves. Sprinkle with soil prepared in buckets. And the snow is thrown back on top.

Everything. Now in the spring, as soon as the bed warms up to about + 6 ° C, the carrot will start to grow. In the middle lane, this is approximately mid-April. And the usual method involves only in the third decade to start sowing.

In this way winter planting allows you to harvest at least a month earlier.

Advice. Seeds must be absolutely dry! Wet will just kill frost. Dry will calmly endure the most severe winter, it would be more snow.

But not everyone runs the risk of planting carrots using the method described above. Most are used to sowing it the old fashioned way, in the spring. Well, let's figure out how to do it right.

Seed preparation. Carrot has one feature. Its seeds are very high in essential oils. Some kind of protective shell. It protects the seeds from the outside from the effects of negative factors. But here's the catch. Same essential oil greatly hinders seed germination. Have you noticed how long carrots take to sprout?

To destroy this ethereal shell, gardeners use the most various methods. Here are the most common:

1. Seeds are placed in a linen bag, pour it with hot clean water. Approximately at +50°C for three hours. At the same time, the water is changed to fresh water 4 times during this time.
2. Before planting, the seeds are mixed with wet sand and, as it were, rubbed between the fingers. Strong enough.
3. Seeds are soaked for 12 hours, then the water is completely drained. Place them in the refrigerator for 2 days. This makes the essential oil evaporate faster.
4. A linen bag with dry seeds is added dropwise in any flower pot. Keep like this for about 10 days. During this time, the soil will draw out most of the ethereal shell.

All these methods speed up the germination of carrot seeds by about two times. That is, seedlings will have to wait only a week instead of the usual two.

We sow carrots

By the way, there are a lot of pelleted seeds on sale now. The piece is comfortable. Large balls are easy to sow. The shell contains the whole complex of minerals, so necessary for young sprouts. Some are even impregnated with a growth stimulator. The only disadvantage of such seeds is the presence of a large amount of moisture during germination. That is, the earth must be damp. You will have to shed it well. And in hot weather, you again need to water the furrows until the first loops appear.

But it is quite possible to get by with ordinary carrot seeds. In order to make it convenient to plant them, gardeners have come up with a lot of various ways. Let's check them each.

Paste. Cook the usual paste, medium density. Approximate amount is poured into it the right seeds and stir thoroughly. Then, a furrow is shed simply from a vessel with a thin spout. A teapot works well for this purpose.

The disadvantage of the method is that you still need to get the hang of pouring this mixture evenly over the entire length of the beds.

Sand. The seeds are mixed with clean, damp sand. The proportion is 1 to 1. And this mixture is already sown in the furrows, as usual. So the seeds fall less often.

Minus the method: older people no longer have young finger sensitivity. Therefore, it is easy to confuse sand with seeds. The uniformity of landings will still be violated.

Bubble. Any bottle with a screw cap. A hole is made in it with an awl, a little larger than a carrot seed. Pour raw materials inside. A sharp hand movement is made above the furrow - the seed flies out through the hole.

Disadvantage: the first time the seed may simply not fall into the hole. From the second time, three pieces will fly out at once. So go ahead, shake the bubble like crazy.

Paper. In their free time, they take the cheapest toilet paper. Seeds are glued to it with the help of a paste and a toothpick. Then, after drying, you just need to cut everything into strips. When planting, they are laid in furrows and sprinkled with earth.

Minus: an occupation for the very patient, because it is tedious, long and breaking the eyes.

Use whichever suits you. Perhaps you can turn disadvantages into advantages. Just use the classic principle: they spill the furrow very heavily before laying the seeds. And sprinkle with loose, always dry soil.

This will prevent the formation of a thick earthen crust on the surface, and the seedlings will freely break through.

Caring for carrots

She is, of course, a girl. But she needs care a little different than a young girl.

Loosening. After each watering or rain, it is necessary to loosen upper layer soil to a depth of no more than 2-2.5 cm. It is necessary to break the crust so that it does not compact the earth around the root crop. You don't have to go deeper. But between the furrows you can frolic with a chopper or flat cutter from the heart. Thus, the pressure of the soil on the root crop will decrease and small feeding roots will remain intact.

Watering. Carrot loves to drink. A lot, rarely, but very regularly. Make a rule for yourself: once a week on the same day, thoroughly shed the soil in the plantings. You need to moisten to a depth of at least 20-22 cm.

If watered often and little by little, then the root crop will be short and shaggy. And the first mighty summer downpour will cause the strongest cracking of fruits.

If you don’t water at all (let’s not let it grow itself), then there is a great risk of getting woody and bitter dried bread instead of a crop. They don't look like carrots at all.

Top dressing. During the entire growing season, fertilizers are not applied! All top dressings must be added to the soil in advance. If carrots receive nutrition from the outside during growth, they will grow big. But there will be no taste. This is especially true of mineral fertilizers with a high nitrogen content.

Pests. In addition to people, the carrot fly loves to eat carrots. She especially respects young landings immediately after pulling. Remember how far the aroma of the tops spreads at the end of the procedure.

To avoid such a nuisance, some sources recommend alternating grooves with onion plantings. There will definitely be an effect. But very weak.

It's better to act like this:

• a day before the alleged pulling, prepare an infusion of onion peel
• on X-day, liquid is poured into a spray bottle
• draw a groove and quickly spray the plantings with infusion

It's not really worth pouring. Onion infusion very smelly, you only need a little. Just to kill the carrot flavor. By the way, you can periodically spray carrots throughout the growing season. This will 100% secure plantings from carrot flies. The rest of the pests are quite indifferent to the orange beauty.

Harvest

When to start digging carrots? In principle, all information in great detail is always indicated on the packaging of seeds. Focus on it and you definitely can't go wrong.

What to do if the seeds were donated or you grew them yourself? Of course, you can pull out one root crop at a time and look at it for a long time. Is it time or still let him sit in the ground? How to guess?

It turns out that everything is simple. Carrots begin to be massively harvested when 4-6 lower leaves turn yellow and begin to dry out. If they are still green and cheerful, then let them grow for now.

By the way, try not to dig out part of the garden. Cut the foliage with scissors or pruners to the very root. But don't touch the flesh. After about 2 days, when the top of the root crop dries up, sprinkle it with soil with your head. And forget until spring.

As soon as the snow melts, feel free to take a pitchfork and dig out your experiment. Carrots in the cellar at this point are already showing clear signs of wilting. And the one that you left in the garden will be fresh, juicy and tasty.

Advice. Just do not forget to thoroughly compact the soil around the left root crops. Straight with your feet and tighter. Mice are also very fond of such carrots. And the trampled earth will prevent them from tasting the sweet pulp.

1. If planting too often, be sure to thin out the carrots immediately after watering. So the root crops will be pulled out of the soil without damaging the nearby girlfriends.
2. Store carrots in a well ventilated area. Thus, you will avoid the manifestation of many putrefactive and fungal diseases. You are not sure about the complete sterility of your soil?
3. When digging up root crops, do not pull them by the tops. A long piece may break off and remain in the soil. Use pitchforks. They easily enter the most dense soil and the risk of damaging the fruits is minimal.
4. Plant varieties of different ripening periods. Use the early ripe ones for daily cooking. This carrot does not lie well in the cellar. Mid-season ripen just in time for the harvest time for the winter. Late-ripening varieties store best. They ripen just in time for laying in cellars and basements.
5. Carrots are not planted with seedlings. Experiments conducted by some gardeners have shown that such root crops always grow crooked and do not gain their characteristic mass. At the same time, precious time is spent on transplantation. And it is not enough in the spring.

How to grow carrots outdoors? Actually, it's not that easy. Size is not the main advantage of the orange beauty. It is much more important to get juicy and sweet root crops at a minimum cost. Take good care of the carrot, and it will not rust behind it.

Video: how to plant carrots