Pepper flower decorative. Pepper "Cherry Bomb"

Our grandmothers, growing strawberries, or strawberries, as we used to call them, were not particularly worried about mulching. But today this agricultural practice has become fundamental in achieving High Quality berries and reduce crop losses. Some might say it's troublesome. But practice shows that labor costs in this case pay off handsomely. In this article, we invite you to get acquainted with the nine the best materials for mulching garden strawberries.

Succulents are very versatile. Despite the fact that “kids” have always been considered more fashionable, the assortment of succulents with which you can decorate modern interior, it is worth taking a closer look. After all, colors, sizes, patterns, degree of pricklyness, influence on the interior are just a few of the parameters by which you can choose them. In this article, we will talk about the five most fashionable succulents that surprisingly transform modern interiors.

Mint was used by the Egyptians as far back as 1.5 thousand years BC. It has a strong aroma due to the high content of various essential oils with high volatility. Today, mint is used in medicine, perfumery, cosmetology, winemaking, cooking, ornamental gardening, and the confectionery industry. In this article, we will consider the most interesting varieties of mint, and also talk about the features of growing this plant in open field.

People began to grow crocuses 500 years before the advent of our era. Although the presence of these flowers in the garden is fleeting, we always look forward to the return of the heralds of spring in next year. Crocuses - one of the earliest primroses, whose flowering begins as soon as the snow melts. However, the timing of flowering may vary depending on the species and varieties. This article focuses on the earliest varieties of crocuses that bloom in late March and early April.

Shchi from early young cabbage in beef broth is hearty, fragrant and easy to prepare. In this recipe, you will learn how to cook delicious beef broth and cook light cabbage soup with this broth. early cabbage it cooks quickly, so it is placed in the pan at the same time as the rest of the vegetables, unlike autumn cabbage, which takes a little longer to cook. Ready cabbage soup can be stored in the refrigerator for several days. Real cabbage soup is tastier than freshly cooked.

Blueberries - a rare promising berry culture in the gardens. Blueberries are a source of biologically active substances and vitamins, have antiscorbutic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, tonic properties. Berries contain vitamins C, E, A, flavonoids, anthocyanins, trace elements - zinc, selenium, copper, manganese, as well as plant hormones - phytoestrogens. The taste of blueberries resembles a mixture of grapes and blueberries.

Looking at the variety of varieties of tomatoes, it is difficult not to get confused - the choice is very wide today. Even experienced gardeners he is annoying sometimes! However, it is not so difficult to understand the basics of selecting varieties “for yourself”. The main thing is to understand the peculiarities of culture and start experimenting. One of the easiest tomato groups to grow are varieties and hybrids with limited growth. They have always been appreciated by those gardeners who do not have much time and energy to care for the beds.

Once very popular under the name of indoor nettles, and then forgotten by everyone, coleuses today are one of the most striking garden and indoor plants. They are not in vain considered stars of the first magnitude for those who are looking primarily for non-standard colors. Easy to grow, but not so undemanding as to suit everyone, coleus require constant supervision. But if you take care of them, bushes of velvety unique leaves will easily outshine any competitor.

Salmon backbone baked in Provence herbs is a “supplier” of delicious pieces of fish pulp for a light salad with fresh wild garlic leaves. The mushrooms are lightly fried olive oil and then watered apple cider vinegar. Such mushrooms are tastier than ordinary pickled ones, and they are better suited for baked fish. Ramson and fresh dill coexist perfectly in one salad, emphasizing the flavor of each other. Garlic sharpness of wild garlic will saturate both the flesh of salmon and pieces of mushrooms.

Conifer tree or a shrub on the site is always great, and a lot of conifers is even better. emerald needles various shades decorates the garden at any time of the year, and phytoncides and essential oils, secreted by plants, not only flavor, but also make the air cleaner. Generally, most zoned adults coniferous plants, are considered very unpretentious trees and shrubs. But young seedlings are much more capricious and require competent care and attention.

Sakura is most often associated with Japan and its culture. Picnics in the shade flowering trees have long been an integral attribute of the meeting of spring in the Country rising sun. Financial and academic year here begins on April 1, when the magnificent sakura blossoms. Therefore, many significant moments in the life of the Japanese pass under the sign of their flowering. But sakura also grows well in cooler regions - certain types can be successfully grown even in Siberia.

It is very interesting for me to analyze how people's tastes and preferences for certain foods have changed over the centuries. What was once considered tasty and traded lost its value over time and, conversely, new fruit crops conquered their markets. Quince has been cultivated for more than 4 thousand years! And even in the 1st century BC. e. about 6 varieties of quince were known and even then the methods of its reproduction and cultivation were described.

Make your family happy and make themed Easter egg-shaped cottage cheese cookies! Your children will be happy to take part in the process - they will sift the flour, combine all the necessary ingredients, knead the dough and cut out intricate figures. Then they will watch with admiration how the pieces of dough turn into real Easter eggs, and then with the same enthusiasm they will eat them with milk or tea. How to make such original cookies for Easter, read in our step by step recipe!

There are not so many decorative and deciduous favorites among tuberous crops. And the caladium is a true star among the variegated inhabitants of the interiors. Not everyone can decide to start a Caladium. This plant is demanding, and first of all - to care. But still, the rumors about the unusual capriciousness of the Caladium never justify. Attention and care allow you to avoid any difficulties when growing caladiums. And a plant can almost always forgive small mistakes.

We have prepared a hearty, incredibly appetizing and simply elementary dish for you today. This gravy is one hundred percent universal, as it will suit every side dish: vegetables, pasta, and anything. Gravy with chicken and mushrooms will save you in moments when there is no time or you don’t want to think too much about what to cook. Grab your favorite side dish (you can make this ahead of time to keep it hot), add gravy and dinner is ready! A real lifesaver.

The miniature house pepper grows well on the windowsill and is a great source of spices for making amazing dishes in the kitchen. Commonly used at home different kinds and varieties decorative culture. Decorative pepper is loved by many for its original appearance and ease of cultivation.

plant description

The biological name of indoor pepper is capsicum. Often decorative indoor, although it is permissible to grow it in the open field. Such species are used as a food product, and have some medicinal properties.

Decorative pepper was introduced from America and Asia. It contains a large amount useful substances and vitamins. In our country, peppers are mainly grown to obtain an ornamental plant with beautiful leaves and less often to obtain edible fruits.

Pepper in a pot has a variety of shapes:

• small;
• large;
• pointed;
• rounded;
• pear-shaped;
• elongated.

Depending on the varietal qualities, fruits can grow up or down. Growing ornamental peppers takes time and care.

Important! Ornamental potted peppers can bear fruit at home for up to four years with proper care.

When growing pepper, there are some requirements for indoor conditions:

1. The temperature in the room should be within 25 degrees Celsius.
2. Air circulation.
3. Sufficient lighting.
4. Regular watering.
5. Pruning.

Important: When the flowers are formed, it is necessary to pinch the sprouts, this has a great effect on the formation of a beautiful strong bush.

Caring for ornamental peppers also includes pruning, which is carried out after flowering. Peppers are very demanding on top dressing, so you should fertilize about 2 times a week. In winter, the plant does not require additional feeding, and therefore it needs regular watering and lighting.

To stimulate the plant to grow, develop and bear fruit, it is recommended to transplant it about once a year.

Selection of planting material

To get healthy plants, first of all, you need to decide on the choice of seed material. Ornamental peppers are best propagated by seeds, in order to understand how to grow plants from seeds, you need to consider some points:

1. Seeds are collected from dried fruits.
2. Seeds should be collected from the bush you like, given the shape of the fruit.

Seeds of hot pepper, as a rule, can be stored for five years, but seeds harvested a year before planting have the best germination. Therefore, it is better to plant seeds from last year, as this will ensure a good harvest.

Important! Seeds that are collected for storage should not have mechanical damage and traces of disease. Benign seed material should have a yellowish color.

Varieties differ in terms of ripening:

• early ripeness;
• medium ripeness;
• late-ripening.

Varieties of early maturity bear fruit 70-95 days after planting in pots. Peppers from mid-season varieties appear after 110 days, late - after 130 days.

Pepper bushes, which reach a height of 35 centimeters, amaze with their magnificence. In general, the height of peppers grown in pots can vary from 20 to 100 cm tall.

Agrotechnics of cultivation

One pot is enough for planting. Landing consists of the following steps:

1. Backfill at the bottom of the drainage tank. Small expanded clay stones can be used as drainage.
2. Backfilling soil with neutral acidity, specially purchased soil is best, as the soil collected from the site may contain disease microbes or pest larvae that adversely affect seed germination.
3. Seeds are soaked in water before planting. room temperature, approximately 2 hours. This time will be enough for swelling, biostimulants such as "EPIN" or "ZIRCON" can be added to the solution. These preparations stimulate the germination of healthy shoots.
4. Distribution of seeds on the soil surface, observing optimal distance between them. Seeds are planted in moist soil, but not wet.
5. Sprinkle the seeds with soil by 50 millimeters.
6. Moisturizing the soil with a spray gun.
7. Cover with foil to create a greenhouse effect.

After the emergence of seedlings, they must be regularly inspected and moistened, avoiding waterlogging.

Every day, the film should be lifted for a while, the ventilation is increased every day, and after the appearance of strong young shoots, the greenhouse effect is removed and the plants are allowed to adapt to normal conditions.

As the above-ground mass of plants increases and when 2 true leaves appear, the peppers are transplanted to permanent place. If the plant is planted in a separate pot, then it should be transplanted into a container with larger area nutrition, this will ensure the full growth and development of ornamental peppers.

In general, when growing ornamental peppers, you need to follow this rule: "one plant - one pot." Mass plantings are unacceptable for indoor pepper.

Stimulation of flowering and fruiting

Care to stimulate peppers to the appearance of flowers are the following activities:

• to increase the number of ovaries, the pot with the plant should be shaken periodically;
• providing access sunlight;
• ensuring systematic irrigation.

Important! Usually, the first flowers on peppers fall off, but then new ones are filled, which bear fruit, so you should not despair and continue to provide care.

Growing conditions

Decorative pepper is picky about the sun, with a lack of sheet plates suffer and are damaged, as a result of which the plant may not develop and deform. Do not place pots of pepper on shelves, a refrigerator or a cabinet. If there is not enough light, you should take care of additional lighting.

Be sure to moisten the plant every day by spraying from a spray bottle. Water should be at room temperature, pepper does not tolerate cooling.

Between March and October, peppers should be fertilized; special fertilizers for nightshade crops are suitable for this plant. Fertilizers can be purchased at a specialty store and used according to the instructions on the package.

Around the end of summer, pruning can be done, but only if the pepper has formed fairly long branches. The pepper bush should be pleasing to the eye and be compact. When pruning, the main trunk does not need to be touched, otherwise it can lead to the death of the plant.

Caring for miniature peppers in winter

According to biological characteristics, decorative indoor pepper is perennial plant, which at good care can bear fruit for 4-5 years. The main care during this period is the transshipment of plants, in order to renew the soil. The soil needs to be updated every spring. For a comfortable overwintering, there are three growing options:

• after fruiting, collect seeds for propagation, and mature plant throw away;
• to save it should be placed in a bright place and provide regular watering;
• to preserve an adult plant and obtain a crop in winter time additional lighting should be provided, for this they install lamps and continue to feed.

Conclusion

This paper discusses the main points of care and cultivation of ornamental peppers at home. The bush of such a plant will please with its appearance and piquant taste.

In order to grow fresh vegetables yourself, you do not need to have Vacation home. Decorative indoor pepper is an unpretentious plant that takes up a minimum of space on the kitchen windowsill or on the balcony. Planting and growing a vegetable is not difficult and can be done independently if you follow the recommendations and advice of specialists.

Varieties of indoor peppers

Indoor peppers, like their counterparts for open ground, are divided into many varieties. Greater importance when choosing, as a rule, is given to the fruits of the plant - size, color, taste: spicy or sweet. Not less than important factors- the time of flowering and ripening, fruitfulness. Some varieties require special care, conditions of detention. The most popular varieties of decorative indoor pepper for self-growing:

• Twinkle;
• Chile;
• Small miracle;
• multi-colored indoor pepper - Garda Firevox;
• Purple bullet.

Room peppers are interesting not only fresh vegetables grown on the windowsill of the apartment, but also with its interesting, enchanting view. The leaves and fruits on the bushes of each variety have their own shades, structure, shape, abundance of flowering and the appearance of flowers. Some housewives plant indoor pepper on their windowsill exclusively for the interior. A properly selected plant variety favorably complements the design of the room, especially such as the kitchen.

Room pepper Spark

The most common type of hot indoor pepper is Spark. It is widely used in apartments for growing in winter. It has a relatively short ripening period - the bush begins to bear fruit 3-4 months after the first shoots appear in the pot. The size of the plant is small - the bush grows up to 30 centimeters, but the news is covered with fruits. During one flowering period, about 50 peppers ripen on a bush.

Room hot pepper Spark - a long-term culture: with proper care bush lives up to 6 years. The plant does not require special care, in the apartment it will have enough regular watering. AT summer period and on warm spring days, it is recommended to take the plant out to the balcony. The light is propagated by seeds, they are harvested in the fall, when the fruits become bright scarlet.

Room chili pepper

Varieties of hot indoor chili pepper or cayenne pepper came to us from Bolivia. They are successfully grown in apartments and houses in any region, but they require special soil - a mixture of peat, sand and earth. Fruits in 90 days after germination. Ripe fruits are bright red in color, oblong in shape, up to 5 cm in length. The height of the bush is 30-40 cm. Indoor chili pepper is used not only in cooking, but also in folk medicine. From mature pods make various tinctures for headaches, colds. Chili peppers contain vitamins A and C and are especially useful in winter.

Room Pepper Little Miracle

Variety of hot room pepper Small miracle it is unpretentious, fertilizers are not necessary for it, it grows well and bears fruit in ordinary soil. The bush reaches no more than 30 cm in height, the fruits are obtuse, in a mature form - a light red hue. Often, the indoor plant Pepper Little Miracle is used only as an element of decor: the bushes, although low, are very lush, with small pointed dark green leaves. The fruits do not grow at the same time, therefore, at the time of their ripening, the bush is decorated with colorful ripples of multi-colored pods: red, orange, green, yellow.

Sweet Room Pepper Peak

Almost all types of indoor peppers have a sharp taste, but Peak is an exception, its fruits are sweet, in a soft and delicate peel. Bushes grow up to 50 cm, the leaves are dark green, wide at the base. With proper care, pepper in the room lives 2-3 years. At the same time, up to 15 fruits ripen on a bush - 2-4 chamber cone-shaped peppers, weighing 100-150 g. Indoor Peak pepper is resistant to many diseases characteristic of plants of this species. It needs minimal care, does not require pest prevention. Grows well even in poorly ventilated areas.

Indoor colorful pepper

Multi-colored room pepper Garda Firewox is one of the most extravagant species. The bushes are low 25-30 cm, but very lush branches with foliage begin close to the base. The leaves are long and narrow. The fruits are thin oblong up to 5-6 cm, they, like the foliage, stick out in different directions. Pepper pods are sharp with a slight sourness. During their ripening, the fruits change color several times: green, yellow, purple, orange, red. During periods of fruiting, pepper in a pot as a houseplant is especially attractive, so balconies and cornices are often decorated with bushes.

Indoor purple pepper

The most popular variety of purple indoor pepper is Explosive Amber. When ripe, its fruits are red, but during the ripening period they change colors: from pale lilac to dark purple. main feature of this variety - the color of the leaves of the plant. The foliage of an adult bush has an unusual purple hue, scattered in the center, and saturated at the edges. The bush grows no more than 30 cm, the size of the fruit is 2.5 cm, 10-15 g. purple pepper in a pot - a houseplant, but it grows better on windowsills on the sunny side. In summer, it is recommended to expose the pot to fresh air.

Room pepper - planting

Growing and caring for indoor pepper is a simple matter, and every housewife can do it. Planting a plant at home can be done in two ways: purchase ready-made seedlings, grow a pepper bush from seeds yourself. It will be faster and more convenient to take seedlings, but there is a risk of buying the wrong variety that was promised by the seller. Another plus in seed cultivation- at home it can be carried out at any time, seedlings, as a rule, are sold only in the spring. Recommendations of professional vegetable growers when planting:

1. For planting, it is better to take seeds from ripe indoor pepper pods than packaged factory ones.
2. Use only natural ingredients as fertilizers - vegetable compost, bird droppings, manure.
3. Indoor pepper loves water, but excessive watering is also harmful to him: the soil must be moist and loosened.
4. If landing is in winter period, then the soil can not be fertilized, but the seeds can be planted in ordinary soil taken from the garden.

One of the main advantages of this houseplant- pepper in a pot can be planted all year round, but planting in winter and autumn periods has its own nuances. When there is a short daylight hours outside, the sprout develops more root system. The stem of the bush will begin to grow actively with the arrival of spring sunny days. Therefore, it is recommended to place the pepper pot indoors on the sunny side.

How to grow indoor peppers from seeds?

Seeds for growing indoor peppers need to be soaked in warm water: wrap in a wet cloth overnight. While the seeds are soaking, prepare a container: lay drainage (expanded clay) on the bottom, fill it up and moisten the soil well. Place the seeds in the ground to a depth of 0.5-1 cm. A distance of at least 7-10 cm from each other so that future bushes do not intertwine and die if it is a permanent container, and it was more convenient to transplant them if it is a common box. The soil from above must be moistened again, for example, from a sprayer. You can cover the pot with a plastic cup to speed up the growth of the pepper.

How to care for indoor pepper?

Caring for indoor pepper at home does not take much time, but you still need to pay attention to the plant, regardless of the age of the bush. Room pepper - thermophilic culture and grows better in the sun, but the direct midday summer rays are dangerous for him: the leaves will burn. In a constant shade, the development of the bush will slow down, there will be less ovary. Therefore, it is recommended to keep indoor pepper on the windowsill on the sunny side, but in hot weather hide it in the shade or cover it from the rays. As the plant grows, it is transplanted into a larger pot, if this was not provided for in advance.

Indoor ornamental pepper easily tolerates pruning, you can shape its branches at your discretion. Pruning is carried out only at the end of summer, when the plant has gained strength, or in the spring, when it has come out of dormancy. Long branches are cut, the main trunk cannot be touched: the pepper will die. Inflorescences of indoor pepper do not require mandatory artificial pollination, but to speed up the process, you can lightly shake the pot during the flowering of the bush or help the flowers to be pollinated with a soft brush.

How to water indoor pepper?

Basic rules for watering indoor pepper:

1. In winter, the main thing is to make sure that the earth in the pot is moist, water the indoor pepper once a week.
2. In summer, you need to water every day, and bushes in small pots and young sprouts a little 2 times a day.
3. It is useful for a bush when its leaves are sprayed daily with water from a spray bottle.
4. After pruning, the bush needs abundant watering to restore strength.
5. Do not fill the soil excessively or water the plant cold water. Such actions can lead to decay of the root system and death of the plant. Moreover, the disease will manifest itself so late that it will be impossible to save the bush.
6. Plants placed above radiators need to be watered more frequently. In such cases, it is recommended to put a container of water on the battery to humidify the air.

How to feed room pepper?

Indoor pepper is a hardy and not capricious shrub without special soil requirements, but, like every plant, with regular fertilizer shows much better results. Top dressing of indoor peppers begins two weeks after transplanting the seedling, and then is carried out once a month, depending on the condition of the plant, the conditions of its maintenance. As a fertilizer, both mineral factory fertilizers are used - superphosphate, potassium sulfate, and organic components- 100 g of bird droppings diluted in 2 liters of water.

How to pinch room pepper?

That was more abundant flowering and buds formed faster, pinching is carried out. Such care for indoor pepper is necessary, as a rule, at an early stage of cultivation before transplanting the seedling into a pot to a permanent place: the top bud is cut off as soon as 8-12 leaves have formed on the stem. So the bush will not grow in height, but in width, letting out fruitful shoots. It is not uncommon to pinch already mature plants, if the bush develops poorly or is sick, useless branches without inflorescences are removed to save plant resources.

Decorative indoor pepper is an opportunity to extend the feeling of summer for the entire winter period. The plant called pepper actually belongs to the Solanaceae family. Its second name is capsicum.

Decorative pepper is a perennial that can be grown indoors. Its homeland is South America and Asia. The height of the plant, which is a branchy bush with oblong leaves, is from 20 to 50 centimeters.

Flowers of ornamental pepper are small, white. The culture is self-pollinating, and after flowering among the shiny foliage, round or oblong fruits of yellow, red, orange or purple. The size of the fruit is from 2 to 5 centimeters, depending on the variety. A feature of homemade ornamental peppers is the simultaneous formation of flowers and fruits of varying degrees of maturity. The fruits of ornamental pepper, due to the content of the alkaloid capsaicin, are hot, bitter and spicy. The stems and leaves of the plant are poisonous.

For successful cultivation it is important to know how to care for ornamental peppers. Home care is basically the same as growing other indoor plants, but also has some nuances.

Most popular views with photos

Different types of ornamental peppers differ in leaf shape, fruiting time, color and shape of fruits:

1. Annual. Varieties of this species have a pronounced vegetable, sweetish taste, so it is called room paprika. Some varieties of this species may dry out after harvesting. Bushes of annual pepper are compact in shape, 35-55 centimeters high. Popular varieties:

• Tepin.
• Redskin.
• Siberian prince.

1. Shrub (cayenne). perennial view, the most suitable for growing on the windowsill, balcony, loggia. Fruits up to 6 years. The height of the bush is from 15 to 45 centimeters. Each bush gives 45-50 fruits. Varieties of this species:

• Carmen.
• Salute.
• Bride.

ornamental bush pepper

1. Berry. It got its name from the flattened shape of the fruit. The original fruits of this species resemble squash. The taste of fruits is sweetish, with big amount sharpness. The view is tall, up to 80 centimeters. Varieties of berry pepper:

• Lemon lollipop.
• White crystal.
• Crown Bishop.

1. Chinese. A less common species in home cultivation. Bush up to 50 centimeters high. The fruits are varied in shape. The most original ones are in the form of a flashlight. The disadvantage of the species is slow growth. Popular varieties:

• Santa Lucia.
• Devil tongue.
• Devilish yellow.

1. pubescent. It is mainly grown outdoors due to its tall stature. For cultivation in room conditions, only certain varieties are suitable. For example, Rokot, up to 1 meter high. This species got its name because of the pubescence of leaves, stems and flowers.

Selection of planting material

For growing at home, it is recommended to choose varieties with a height of no more than 40-50 centimeters. Such bushes can be placed on the windowsill in small pots. Varieties of various colors and shapes will look spectacular, creating a contrasting play of colors.

For growing on a windowsill, it is best to purchase low-growing varieties.

Seeds of decorative pepper can be purchased in specialized stores. At the time of purchase, you need to pay attention to the date of collection of seeds. At proper storage seeds remain viable for up to 5 years, but germination decreases annually, so seeds no older than 1 year will give the highest percentage of germination.

Planting material should have a uniform color and structure, without dark spots, damage, twisting. Quality ornamental pepper seeds have a smooth, cream-colored surface.

Rules for growing peppers at home

Growing pepper indoors requires following some recommendations and rules, without which success will not be achieved.

Accommodation in the apartment and selection of soil

The room for decorative pepper should be as bright and ventilated as possible, but without drafts. Western or eastern windows are ideal for the plant, as pepper is picky about lighting. If the windows of the room face south, it is not recommended to keep the pepper on the windowsill: tender leaves at noon will suffer from sunburn.

If the pepper is on the south window, it needs shading

But without sunlight, peppers cannot grow. 3-4 hours a day of open sunlight is extremely important for him to receive. If the sun is not enough, it is necessary to provide it with artificial lighting. The lack of light is immediately reflected in the condition of the decorative pepper. It branches weakly, blooms poorly, and practically does not form fruits.

A particularly difficult time for perennial peppers- November-January. At this time, daylight hours are very short. And the plant is under stress. The state of pepper is restored by additional illumination with fluorescent or phytolamps. The light day of the southern plant should be at least 12 hours.

The soil for pepper should be as loose and breathable as possible. This culture does not tolerate dense soil. The ideal substrate is obtained by mixing leafy turf, peat and sand in equal amounts. You can add a small amount of sawdust. To increase nutritional value, a small amount of humus is added.

Advice. To make the soil composition ideal for growing peppers, experienced growers it is advised to add agroperlite or vermiculite to the substrate. These ingredients prevent soil compaction and help retain moisture.

With a short light day, pepper needs additional illumination.

Temperature and Humidity

The recommended temperature for growing peppers is 24-25 degrees in spring and summer, 15-18 degrees in winter. Pepper loves differences in day and night temperatures, so in the summer it is recommended to keep it on a loggia or balcony.

Peppers need moderate moisture. It does not tolerate waterlogging, but it also reacts negatively to a lack of moisture. When the moisture content in the room is less than 50%, peppers are recommended to be sprayed from a spray bottle.

Seeding rules

The time of sowing pepper when growing it from seeds is the beginning of February. The first stage is the cultivation of seedlings. Seeds are processed disinfectant solution(potassium permanganate or), then soaked for 12 hours in a small amount of water for 12 hours. If the seeds are old, they can be pre-treated. This technique does not affect the development of the plant in the future, but the germination energy is doubled. Freshly harvested seeds do not need stimulation.

When the seeds swell, they are placed in seedling containers. For 5-6 seeds, a pot or tray of 300-400 ml is quite suitable. The container is filled with soil. At the stage of growing seedlings, a ready-made mixture for seedlings from the store is quite suitable.

Decorative pepper is grown strictly through seedlings

Seeds are placed at a distance of 2-3 centimeters from each other so that the sprouts after germination do not interfere with each other. From above, the crops are sprinkled with soil with a layer of 0.5 centimeters. All seeds must be completely covered with soil. Then the surface is moistened with a spray bottle. The soil should be slightly damp, but not wet, because in waterlogged soil, the seeds will begin to mold and rot.

Greenhouse conditions are created for seeds. From above, the container is covered with a film and placed in a light, warm place. For germination, seeds need a temperature of at least 24 degrees.

Important. Do not place the container on a window in direct sunlight. Under such conditions, a greenhouse effect will be created under the film, and the seeds will simply “cook”.

When shoots appear, a film with landing capacity removed immediately. Fresh seeds germinate in 10-14 days. Germination of old seeds can take several weeks. After the emergence of seedlings, the air temperature is not for a long time reduced to 18-20 degrees.

Planting seedlings in a permanent place

Seedlings are ready for transplantation to a permanent place of cultivation in the phase of two pairs of true leaves. Each sprout of ornamental pepper is grown in a separate pot. At joint landing in one container of several plants, the weaker ones will stop growing, and will not bear fruit.

Only one plant can be grown in a pot

For starters, small pots of 200-300 milliliters in size are suitable. It is not recommended to plant immediately in a large pot, since the soil not developed by the roots will acidify during irrigation. When transplanting, the plant is placed at the same level at which it grew earlier. Burying the plant is not recommended, since additional roots do not form on the stem of the pepper, as happens, for example, in tomatoes.

A layer of drainage must be laid at the bottom of the pot. So that the drainage mixture does not clog the hole in the bottom, a fragment of a ceramic pot is placed on it with a bulge up. The pot is filled with pre-prepared soil mixture and plant a sprout in it. The soil around the plant is lightly rammed and moistened abundantly. In the process of rooting, about 7-10 days, the pepper is not watered. Until the roots take root, excess moisture is not absorbed by the plant, and the root may rot.

Advice. When transplanting a sprout, the main root is pinched a little. This approach promotes education a large number lateral roots and the formation of a powerful root system.

How to grow ornamental peppers from cuttings

In spring and summer, decorative peppers can be propagated by cuttings. For rooting, a side shoot is cut off. The cut is treated with a root stimulator and placed in a mixture of sand and soil (1: 1). The stalk is watered abundantly and covered with a glass or plastic cap. The pot is placed in a bright, warm place.

For propagation of decorative pepper, you can use the method of cuttings.

In the process of rooting, the cap is lifted daily for ventilation. In order for the cutting to take root faster, it is recommended to pinch the top of it. The stalk can be immediately planted in a pot in which it will grow in the future. In this case, the pot is filled with a substrate recommended for growing ornamental peppers. If the cutting was rooted in a sand-soil mixture, after 20-30 days it is transferred to a larger pot along with an earthen clod in which it grew earlier.

culture care

Standard room pepper care

When grown in a pot, caring for ornamental peppers includes the following activities:

• Watering. In spring and summer, pepper should be watered as the soil dries. For irrigation, warm, settled water for at least a day is used. Drying of an earthen coma should not be allowed. If the plant wilts, it may drop leaves and flowers, and there will be no fruit on it.
• Spraying. On especially hot days, pepper should be sprayed every 2-3 days.
• Top dressing. Decorative pepper - demanding to be present nutrients culture. The plant will tell you about the lack of any substance with its appearance. purple tint lower leaflets indicates a lack of phosphorus. Lightening of the leaves indicates a lack of nitrogen. top dressing mineral mixtures peppers are needed every 2 weeks. Phosphorus-potassium mixtures are applied under the root, nitrogen fertilizers - on the foliage.
• Crown formation. Pruning ornamental peppers compulsory procedure, contributing to an increase in the number of fruits and the formation beautiful crown. When the first fruits are formed, each shoot is pinched. The top of the main stem is pinched immediately after the first flowers form on it. This technique promotes the growth of new side shoots, and the pepper bush becomes fluffy and rounded. It is also recommended to prune all shoots that stand out from the common crown.

Transplanting decorative indoor pepper

It is necessary to transplant decorative peppers with partial replacement of the soil every year. The main purpose of this procedure is to increase the nutritional value of the soil. In order not to injure a plant that reacts extremely painfully to a transplant, some flower growers use a partial replacement of the soil in a pot without removing the plant from it.

Possible diseases and pests

Most often, decorative peppers attack mealybugs and spider mites. The mealy worm infects the roots of the plant. To prevent its occurrence, it is necessary to disinfect the soil before planting.

Plants are often attacked by mealybugs.

Spider mite appears on pepper when the recommendations for the content of moisture in the air are violated . The plant must be bathed regularly, and the air should be humidified. In winter, when the level of humidity in the apartment drops sharply from the operation of heating, it is recommended to place an open container of water next to the pot of pepper.

When the soil is waterlogged, pepper can get root rot or late blight. If any spots appear on the leaves, the plant must be treated copper-containing preparation. The appearance of root rot is indicated by the wilting of pepper leaves. In this case, the plant is removed from the soil and completely replaced.

Difficulties and secrets of growing indoor pepper

The main problem of growing ornamental peppers at home is the lack of sunlight. Pepper is a child of the sun, and will not feel comfortable without it. To make up for this shortcoming, in the summer you can put pots of pepper on the street or on the balcony.

In the summer, pots of peppers can be taken outside

Multi-colored miniature fruits that form after flowering give a special decorative effect to indoor pepper. To increase the number of ovaries, experienced flower growers advise periodically shaking the pot in pepper during the flowering period or swiping the flowers alternately with a soft brush.

You can get acquainted with the features of growing decorative pepper from the proposed video material. Enjoy watching!

Decorative (capsicum) pepper or Capsicum was brought to Europe from South America. Today, many cultivars have been bred that differ in fruit color, leaf structure, ripening speed and yield. Represents an annual or perennial shrub, height from 15 to 120 cm. Appearance at different varieties is very different, but pepper is valued, first of all, for the quality and taste of the fruit.

The small peppers that form on the bush can be hot, bitter, or sweet and sour. At proper cultivation during the fruiting period, the bush is strewn with a large number of fruits (see photo), which are used as spices.

Varieties of varieties

For growing at home, it is advisable to choose only small-leaved varieties with a weak root system and unpretentious hybrid varieties. Perennials often found on sale decorative types with a sharp taste of fruits. They have the best varietal characteristics and bear fruit well in a limited space. bush height for home growing should not exceed 40-50 cm. The most popular varieties:

• spark. Room pepper with a medium early ripening period. Fruiting occurs in 115-120 days. The bush is medium-sized and branched. Large pods reach a weight of up to 45 g, have a rich red color and a sharp taste;
• Aladdin. It is represented by a medium-sized bush, which at home reaches 50 cm. This is an ultra-early variety, fruiting is plentiful and long. The pods are small, cone-shaped, fragrant and pungent. The color of the fruit changes as it ripens, ripe pepper has a red skin;
• poinsettia. One of the most decorative varieties. The bush reaches a length of up to 35 cm, on which numerous oblong leaves are formed. Pods grow up to 7.5 in length, have a sharp taste. As they ripen, the fruits acquire red flowers and are located at the ends of the shoots in the form of a bouquet;
• Explosive Ember. Pepper is represented by a compact bush, which is convenient for growing on the windowsill. The height of the plant does not exceed 30 cm. The fruits have early term maturity and length up to 2.5 cm. The pods are very sharp, the color of the skin depends on maturation. Ripe peppers should have a bright scarlet color.

When buying ornamental pepper seeds, you should carefully read the description on the package, and also try to purchase seed only in specialized stores. Sometimes, under the guise of a houseplant, seeds of ordinary bitter pepper are sold, which are not suitable for home cultivation.

Cultivation and care

When growing capsicum, it must be remembered that this is a heat-loving plant, demanding on the quality of the soil, lighting and watering. The bush tolerates drought and short daylight hours especially badly, so installation is required. additional sources lighting. With proper care perennial varieties homemade pepper can live up to 10 years with regular and abundant fruiting.

Disembarkation dates

The choice of time for planting directly depends on the growing season of the plant. Sowing in seedling boxes or in a permanent place is acceptable throughout the year if the temperature in the room is in the range of 20-25 ° C. It is recommended to observe the desired planting dates for each variety so that the ripening period falls on the longest daylight hours.

Early and extra-early varieties can be planted from early April to mid-May, medium and late varieties are preferably sown from late February to early March. When using a special lamp for lighting and heating, you can plant peppers at any time.

How to choose a seat

Decorative pepper loves warm and well-lit places. It is desirable to place a pot with a plant on a southern or eastern window in order to increase the length of daylight hours. The leaves are sensitive to direct sunlight, so in summer days the bush should be shaded. In addition, in the summer it is desirable to artificially create temperature differences in order to strengthen the immune system and accelerate the growth of the plant - for this, a pot of pepper can be placed on the balcony at night.

It is believed that every 2-3 years the container with the plant needs to be moved to a new place or transplanted, which stimulates its growth and development. Pepper fruiting in one place after 5 years may completely stop.

Soil preparation

To provide long life the plant needs to competently approach the choice of soil. It is recommended to use a purchased substrate for decorative flowers only for seedlings; it is better to prepare the soil for a permanent pot yourself. Peppers prefer slightly acidic soil and fertile soil. The approximate composition of the soil for this crop:

• 4 parts neutralized peat;
• 4 parts organic (leaf humus or compost);
• 2 parts vermiculite or perlite to hold moisture.

The use of perlite is important when growing peppers in regions with cold climates, as the drug improves the permeability of the soil to the sun's rays and effectively retains moisture.

Pot selection

For seedlings, you can use plastic or wooden containers up to 200 ml, on the bottom of which it is advisable to put pebbles, expanded clay or small stones as a drainage system. Adult plants need a spacious pot with a volume of at least 3 liters. The choice of capacity directly depends on the size of the bush. For large plants, you need to purchase a pot from 5 to 7 liters. Be sure to have holes for draining excess water and a pan to collect it. As a material, dense plastic, wood or ceramics are suitable.

Seed preparation

Before planting, the seed must be carefully examined, all hollow and damaged seeds must be selected. Then they need to be soaked in water at room temperature for 2-3 hours. After swelling, the liquid must be changed and a small amount of growth stimulator (Zircon or Epin) added. Wet seeds cannot be planted, so after the procedure they must be thoroughly dried.

Growing methods

There are two main ways to propagate ornamental peppers - planting seeds and cuttings. The seed method is used most often, since the planting technology is simple and even suitable for beginners. Step-by-step instruction:

1. Pre-treated seeds should be planted in pots for seedlings in individual holes to a depth of 1 cm, watered abundantly and covered with foil or glass.
2. Seedlings need to be removed in a warm and well-ventilated place, regularly open the film so that the earth breathes. The first sprouts appear on the 7-12th day, after which the covering material can be removed.
3. The first feeding should be carried out when the seedlings have formed up to 3 healthy leaves. To do this, use a solution of calcium nitrate at the rate of 1 tbsp. spoon for 10 liters of water. After that, the soil should be watered abundantly. At this stage, you can thin out the planting, leaving the healthiest plants.
4. A pick to a permanent place is carried out when the seedlings are fully strengthened and up to 6-10 leaves are formed. After transplanting, you need to abundantly water the soil with water at room temperature.

Cuttings are preferably carried out in late spring or early summer. Young and strong shoots of an adult plant are used as cuttings, pinching one bud. After cutting, the cutting should be germinated in sawdust or water for 7-10 days, changing the liquid at least 3 times a day. It is advisable to transplant to a permanent place when several strong roots form at the shoot.

Temperature and lighting

For full growth and development, the plant requires good light, as well as at least 4 hours a day of active sunlight. It is advisable to use a special lamp for additional lighting and heating of the plant in a pot.

During the vegetative period, the temperature in the room should not fall below 21 ° C. In winter, a cooler content with a temperature of up to 15 ° C is recommended. Pepper responds well to temperature fluctuations, therefore it is recommended to put it on the balcony in summer.

Watering and spraying

Indoor pepper needs constant moderate watering. The procedure is carried out as the top layer of the earth dries up, in summer the amount of watering should be increased. Watering is carried out only with settled water at room temperature. It is not recommended to over-moisten the soil, which adversely affects the condition of the plant.

Capsicum responds well to spraying, which is preferably done once every two weeks in summer and once a month in winter. The procedure is carried out with slightly warm water, using a spray bottle for this purpose.

Adult plant care

To achieve rapid growth and abundant fruiting, you should observe simple rules plant care:

• top dressing. It is advisable to use complex fertilizers for ornamental plants. The plant should be fed only in summer, in winter the procedure is not recommended. Do not abuse top dressing if you plan to use the crop for food;
• Pollination. Decorative pepper does not need cross pollination, therefore, it is enough just to shake the plant regularly during the growing season. artificial pollination will increase the number of ties. For this purpose, you can transfer pollen from one plant to another with a cotton swab or soft brush;
• pruning. If you are growing peppers as a perennial, then pruning should be done after fruiting has ended or in early spring. To do this, you need to cut off old shoots with a sharp tool, about half their height;
• Transfer. After 3-4 years of life, the plant is recommended to be transplanted in order to renew the earth and, as necessary, increase the pot. annual varieties do not need a transplant.