The most popular winter varieties of pears for planting on the site. Winter pear varieties: storage methods Winter pear variety ripening during storage

The pear belongs to heat-loving crops, but the works of breeders endowed it with an important quality - frost resistance. The best indicators are varieties belonging to the winter category, but this is far from the only plus of the southerner. Fans of eating fragrant fruits in winter are advised to pay attention to winter varieties of pears that have a long shelf life.

Benefits of winter varieties

Winter cultivars are highly valued by gardeners for the following qualities:

1. certain species are characterized by the preservation of taste and commercial qualities for up to six months;
2. winter hardiness;
3. harmonious taste and bright aroma of fruits, which appear when ripening in the fruit storage;
4. universal use of fruits;
5. high commodity characteristics, good transportability.

Inexperienced gardeners who grow winter cultivars claim that the taste of the fruit is mediocre, and the pears themselves are hard. In fact, the flesh has a delicate texture and sweetness with a refreshing sourness, but these qualities appear only in the process of ripening.

Popular winter pears

We invite you to familiarize yourself with the top 15 best cultivars of the winter ripening period. A brief description of the varieties will help you choose the best option for the garden plot.

Hera

Forms medium-sized trees, which are characterized by a rare narrow-pyramidal crown. Fruits ripen by the end of September, the harvest time stretches for several weeks. Gera has neat large fruits weighing 180-200 g, having a classic shape. At the stage of consumer maturity, the color of the skin is light green with a slight pink tan and rustiness, expressed in the form of a fine mesh. Sweet taste with refreshing sourness was rated by experts at 4.3 points. There is a lot of juice in the tender fine-grained pulp, stony cells come across, a delicate aroma is felt.

The winter pear variety has a strong immunity to major diseases, is winter-hardy, compact, high-yielding, bears fruit for 3-4 years.

The shelf life exceeds 5 months, but the imbalance of humidity and temperature leads to darkening of the fruit.

Belarusian late

High winter hardiness rates make it possible to grow a cultivar in Central Russia. Harvesting begins at the end of September, keeping quality is 5-6 months. The trees are medium-sized, resistant to pests and most diseases. Productivity is high, fructifies in 3-4 years after disembarkation. The fruits (pictured) are broadly pear-shaped, symmetrical. The color of the peel is green with areas of rustiness and a brown tan. When fully ripe, the color changes to yellow. Fruit weight 100-120 g. Taste is sweet, there is a lot of juice in fine-grained white pulp. The pear is thermophilic, requires crop rationing and spring processing, because the culture is unstable to scab.

Saint Germain

A traditional Western European variety known as Good Louise. Adapted for the southern regions and temperate climate. Pears are large, weighing up to 220 g. The shape is oblong-oval. The crop is harvested at the end of September at the stage of slight yellowing of the dense but thin peel. The slightest damage makes the fruit unsuitable for storage. Keeping quality 4-5 months. A large number of rust spots are scattered over the surface of the yellow skin. The pulp is medium-dense, fragrant, white-greenish. The taste is sweet, refreshing.

Trees are demanding on the composition and moisture of the soil, love warmth, and are highly susceptible to scab.

This French winter pear is valued for its stable high yields after 4-6 years from planting. Appearance, marketability, taste and keeping quality of fruits are at their best.

Winter cubarid

The name of the cultivar describes the shape of the fruit. Recommended for cultivation in the Volga region, shows excellent frost resistance. Trees with a height of 3-4 m form a wide-pyramidal crown, bear the first fruits in 6-7 years. Harvested in early October, stored until March. During ripening, the rough peel turns yellow with a bright scarlet side. Fruits weigh 170-210 g. The taste is sweet and sour, harmonious, rich. The white flesh of the Winter Cube-shaped is replete with juice.

Gardeners praise the excellent yield indicators, the resistance of the tree to adverse factors, and the resistance to scab. Of the minuses, the Zimnyaya cubarid pear variety has a low precocity.

February souvenir

New on the market fruit crops adapted to the climate of Central Russia. A hybrid of the Talagar beauty and Dawn forms tall trees that require mandatory pruning. Fruiting is plentiful in 5-6 years, high resistance to fungal diseases.

Let's get acquainted with the description of fruits:

• weight up to 200 g;
• elongated pear shape;
• the skin is dense, oily, covered with a wax coating;
• color at the time of maturation is yellow with a soft tan area;
• cut white, semi-oily texture without granulation;
• the taste is harmonious sweet and sour with medium aroma;
• harvesting by mid-September, storage up to 5 months.

Tests in 2004 confirmed the frost resistance of the culture. Even at 38 degrees of frost, the freezing of tissues turned out to be insignificant.

Bere winter Michurina

A time-tested cultivar bred by the great breeder I. V. Michurin. The scientist endowed the hybrid with good health, high productivity, but the winter hardiness of the culture is low. Bere winter Michurina is recommended for cultivation in Central Russia, the Black Earth region. Medium-sized trees bear fruit for 6-7 years of life. Pears are medium, classically shaped with slight asymmetry. On the cut, the flesh is white. There is a lot of juice in it, and the high density makes it easy to transport the crop. In the sweet taste, light tart notes are felt. Fruit weight up to 150 g, crop shelf life 130-150 days. Collection of light green fruits is carried out by the end of September. In a mature fruit, the skin becomes yellow with a red-pink tan.

Rossoshanskaya late

A large-fruited variety, the harvest of which is stored for 3-4 months. Fruits are harvested green, but by the time of consumer maturity, the color of the peel turns yellow. The winter variety pear brings a bountiful harvest. The average weight is 300-350 g. Marketability, winter hardiness, harmonious sweet taste of creamy pulp are highly appreciated by gardeners. The susceptibility of trees to fungal diseases is noted.

Winter Mliyevskaya

Tall trees with a pyramidal crown feel great even in Siberia, delighting with consistently high productivity. Precocity depends on the type of rootstock, occurs after 4–6 years from planting. Elongated pears reach a weight of over 200 g. Juicy pulp with a slight sourness has a sweet taste. Fruits picked in October ripen before the New Year. Storage until the end of April.

Winter Mliyevskaya is valued for its winter hardiness, unpretentiousness, and resistance to fungal attack. The disadvantages of gardeners include the large dimensions of the tree.

Cure winter

Just look at the photo of the Cure pear harvest to fall in love with this old French variety. For more than 200 years, it has been pleasing gardeners in the southern regions with yields of 200–300 kg per tree. A tall cultivar bears fruit in 5–6 years by the end of September. Pears weigh up to 250 g, have a lemon-yellow skin, a pleasant nutmeg aroma. Taste depends on weather conditions. The taste is sweet and sour with a slight astringency, after two weeks of ripening it improves significantly. The harvest is stored for 30-60 days. Ideal for industrial cultivation for processing.

Kyrgyz winter

The hybrid is suitable for cultivation in the northern regions of Russia. Forms medium-sized trees with a pyramidal crown of medium density. Fruit weighing up to 250 g is harvested in October, stored until April. They have a dense, coarse-grained cream-colored flesh, a harmonious taste, and a slight bitterness. The color of the peel at maturity is bright yellow with a rich scarlet tan.

Of the advantages of the cultivar note:

• transportability, great taste and commercial qualities of pears;
• frost resistance;
• long shelf life;
• precociousness;
• excellent immunity.

The harvest of the Kyrgyz winter will perfectly retain its qualities even in the refrigerator.

Olivier de Serre

Harvest from Olivier de Serre trees is harvested in October, but the real sweet taste and almond notes of pears will appear only by mid-December. Keeping quality allows you to save the crop until March. Spherical fruits (pictured) weighing 200 g are covered with a dense yellow peel with a pronounced roughness. Juicy sweet pulp was rated at 4.5 points. A hybrid of French selection shows increased requirements for soil and climate, therefore it is recommended for cultivation in the Caucasus, Moldova, Ukraine.

With the participation of the genetic material of Olivier de Serre, a lot of late varieties have been bred.

Josephine of Mecheln

Belgian hybrid with excellent performance. Josephine of Mecheln is characterized by unpretentiousness, drought resistance, winter hardiness, stable yield, scab resistance. Small sweet and sour fruits weighing 60–80 g appear on the tree after 8 years. They are harvested in mid-October and stored until January. The color of the fruit is golden with a slight tan.

Pervomaiskaya

The Pervomayskaya pear variety impresses with its keeping quality - the shelf life reaches 8 months! The cut is creamy, has a pleasant tart note in a sour-sweet taste. Large (up to 220 g) green pears of the correct form have a pink barrel. Harvesting is carried out in the second half of September. Low-growing trees bear fruit in 5-6 years, do not get sick, do not require increased attention. The cultivar is winter-hardy, unpretentious.

Decan winter

Another result of Belgian selection with high keeping quality, high yield and excellent sweet taste. Barrel-shaped fruits weighing 150-400 g have a dense yellow-green skin with a slight tan. The pulp of Dekanka winter is fragrant, sweet, juicy. Harvesting is carried out in the middle of autumn, stored until the end of spring.

Nika

Winter pears of the Nika variety are characterized by medium-sized trees 3–4 m high, which bear fruit in 5–6 years. A neat shape of yellowish fruits in the form of a truncated cone, evenly covered with a red-brown tan. The cream-colored cut has an oily texture without granulations, aroma with subtle notes of nutmeg. Sweet fruits with a refreshing sourness reach a mass of 180–200 g, are stored for 3 months, and ripen by the end of September.

Nika is common in the Moscow region due to its unpretentiousness, frost resistance, and strong immunity. The "Goddess of Victory" is demanding on pruning, without which the tree suffers greatly.

• Maria;
• Zest of the Crimea;
• Lyra;
• Patriotic;
• January;
• Samara winter;
• Saratovka;
• January;
• Treasure;
• November;
• Elena;
• Far East.

Information about winter varieties of pears will help you choose the right seedling, taking into account the climatic features of the region. This approach will allow you to get the full benefit from the tree and enjoy the fragrant fruits all winter.

Varieties of pears, as you know, are divided into winter, autumn and summer. Each category differs not only in terms of ripening, taste, but also the shelf life of fruits. So, which varieties can be attributed to winter, and which ripen in summer, see the description below.

August dew

The undisputed favorite among summer pear varieties is the result of crossing Tenderness and Triumph Pakgama varieties. The tree is quite low, does not even reach 10 m in height., bark gray color, smooth, the kidneys quickly "wake up" after the winter. The branches are spreading, slightly drooping, curved. The leaves are oblong, medium in size, dark green in color. Fruits of medium size, ripen in mid-summer. The taste is quite sweet, juicy, with white flesh and tender skin.

Unfortunately, not suitable for long-term storage, the pear quickly turns brown and disappears. It is resistant to diseases and pests, easily tolerates winters, bears fruit every year, increasing the number of fruits. The disadvantage of this variety is that it constantly needs to trim the crown, because of this, the fruits become smaller.

Bere Giffard

The same applies to summer varieties of pears. Distinguished from other varieties by their "ruddy" fruits, red-orange tones on one side of the pear, and light green hues on the other side. Formed on a branch in bunches, from 2 to 6 pieces and keep it that way until fully ripe. Due to the high yield, additional props are often required, otherwise the branches may break under the weight of the fruit.

The fruits are tender, have a sweet taste, juicy, with white flesh. The tree reaches a height of more than 10 m, a rare crown, branches are slightly drooping and thin. Crown Brown, peel off. The leaf plate is dark green in color, oblong in shape, with smooth edges. The variety does not tolerate harsh winters therefore, young seedlings require shelter. Fruits are badly stored in a plucked form, no more than a week.

Victoria

Winter-hardy pear variety Victoria

This variety is distinguished by its winter hardiness, is not afraid of drought and is rarely exposed to diseases and pests. Appeared as a result of crossing varieties Bere Bosk and Tolstobezhka. Tree of medium height, 8-10 m, with a dense crown, has a pyramidal shape of the trunk, the branches are long and thin. The variety is characterized by late vegetation, flowering. The yield is high, more than 150 kg of harvest is collected per year from an adult tree.

The pear begins to ripen in the second half of August, reaching its peak of maturity only by mid-September. Fruits have the correct pear-shaped form, with a smooth and thin skin. The pear tastes sweet, with juicy pulp, has a pleasant aroma. It is good to make jams from this variety. But the pear is stored for a short time, in a plucked form it does not deteriorate for about 3 days, it can hang on a tree for no more than a week, then it falls off.

Victoria is only half pollinated. To increase productivity, it is recommended to plant it next to varieties such as Bere Dumont, red.

Duchess

The name of the variety translates as Duchess, was bred by an English breeder in Wheeler. The tree is low, 6-7 m, with a dense crown, sprawling branches, thin. Crown tree light brown, smooth.

The fruits begin to ripen in mid-August, the fruits are bright yellow. On average, one pear can weigh more than 150 g, located on the branches singly or in groups of 4-6 pears. Stored up to 40 days on a tree and no more than 2 weeks when plucked. To taste, the fruits are juicy, sweet, with a thin skin and a delicate aroma. On the palate there are light notes of nutmeg and spices. The variety is frost-resistant, not afraid of cold weather. It is also not affected by scab, but the sucker and aphids are found on the tree very often.

How to determine what summer varieties Can pears be removed from a tree? Firstly, if fallen fruits have already begun to appear on the ground, then the harvest is ready. Secondly, can be determined by the color of the fruit, ripened fruits acquire yellowish hues. Thirdly, if the pear has become soft to the touch, then it can be safely removed from the tree.

Severyanka

Bred by breeders for northern regions, hence the name. Medium-sized variety, tree height from 3 to 6 m, with a dense crown and a pyramidal shape of the trunk. Young seedlings easily tolerate planting and quickly begin to grow, but the tree begins to bear fruit in 4-5 years. The leaves of the tree are light green in color, pointed in shape, with smooth edges. Blooms in early spring, has more than 6 petals in an inflorescence /

A variety with a high yield, the fruits are strewn with branches, every year the harvest becomes larger, just as the tree bears fruit every year. Large pear, up to 200 grams each fruit, they are formed into small brushes of 4-6 pears. At the beginning of ripening they have green tones, and then they acquire yellowish-orange hues. The skin of the fruit is not dense, it is quite rough. The taste is not inferior to other varieties, sweet, with juicy pulp, has a sour-tart taste and a light aroma. But there are few seeds in a pear, they are located in special chambers in the core of the fruit. It tolerates winters, diseases and pests quite well, does not need special care.

Cathedral

The same applies to summer, early-growing varieties. It was bred by crossing varieties and Duchess Hip. It mainly grows in the Central regions, but due to its resistance to frost, it grows easily in the regions of the North. The tree is medium-sized, from 4 m in height and above, with a wide and dense crown, the branches look up. The trunk is smooth, brown-gray. Young shoots are slightly drooping, reddish-brown in color, fruiting occurs on them. The leaves are green tones, smooth, medium in size.

Fruiting begins from the 6th year, by weight the pear can exceed 130 grams. Ripening occurs in mid-August, the fruits remain on the tree for no more than 2 weeks, even less when plucked. Fruits of lemon color, with many inclusions, change their shades closer from autumn to red-orange, which indicates the full ripening of the fruit. The skin is thin, the flesh is cream-colored or white, sweet with a pleasant aroma, medium density. In the middle of the fruit are brown seeds, elongated.

Summer pear varieties ripen by the middle of summer, it is important to remember about their proper care. Summer pears love moisture in spring and especially during fruit formation. In order for the harvest to be faster, the tree needs annual pruning and top dressing.

Winter

Saratovka

Obtained as a result of crossing Bere and Bergamot varieties. They worked on a new variety in the Saratov State Agrarian University. Vavilov. Refers to winter, plucked fruits during right conditions can be stored until February!

Saratovka medium-sized variety, the branches look straight up, the tree is more than 10 m high. The crown is dense, the trunk is brown-gray. Young leaves are light green in color, oval in shape, with smooth edges. By autumn, they turn into dark green tones. The disadvantage is the dense crown, which annually needs correct pruning otherwise, the tree reduces the amount of crop, gives more strength to the formation of young shoots.

The yield is high, but the tree begins to bear fruit only for the 5th year. The fruits are sweet, firm, thick-skinned, lemon-colored, with a red-orange blush. Begins to ripen from mid-August, remains on the tree for a long time, until the end of September. The variety is winter-hardy, rarely exposed to diseases and pests., also tolerates long-term transportation, does not lose taste and external qualities.

Kondratievka

Variety of winter pear, fruit ripening occurs in early and mid-September. High yields start from 5 years after planting. Gives a bountiful harvest every year, the tree does not need rest. The mass of one pear reaches up to 230 grams. Fruits are sweet, juicy, with tender pulp and spicy aroma. They have a regular pear-shaped shape, attached to a thick curved stem. They have a green color when ripe, slightly give off in yellowish tones.

The tree itself is quite tall, 10-12 m in height, with a pyramidal trunk and slightly drooping branches. The variety differs from others in its slow growth, it mainly grows green mass. But then it gives a large number of fruits. Handles severe cold quite easily, tolerant to various diseases and pests.

Pass-Krasan

The same applies to winter varieties of pears. Unlike other varieties that do not need special conditions, this hybrid requires increased attention. Prefers to grow only in sunny places, does not tolerate close proximity to other seedlings. From lack of sunlight, its fruits become sour and do not reach the desired size.. It also likes moisture and well-fertilized soil. Extremely cold tolerant and prone to many diseases.

But subject to all conditions, gives large, juicy fruits with a slight sour taste. It bears fruit annually, does not require rest, but you should not expect a large amount of harvest from this variety. The mass of one pear can reach more than 200 grams, large pears are light green in color. The best time to harvest is mid or late October., by this time the fruits reach the optimal size and retain their taste. The advantage is the ability of the fruit to last until next spring.

In order for the variety to begin to bear fruit earlier, it is better to plant young seedlings on quince.

Pervomaiskaya

The result of crossing pear Daughter of the Dawn and Late. This variety differs from others in the duration of storage of fruits in a plucked form, up to 250 days! The pear is not exacting to leaving, it is frost-resistant. Rarely sick, many pests do not care for her. The height of the tree is more than 10 m, with a spreading crown. Young shoots are rather thin, gray-brown shades, smooth. The leaves are round in shape, with smooth edges, slightly curved upwards.

The average fruit weight is from 140 grams, have the correct form, smooth and thin skin. During the summer, the fruits are green, closer to autumn they acquire brown-red tones. Attached to the branches with a strong stem, form a brush of 4-6 fruits. Sweet in taste, with a pleasant aroma, slightly tart, with white flesh, has an attractive appearance and taste. The variety has a high yield, but fruiting begins at 5-6 years.

Lyra

winter variety, high ability storage of fruits, up to several months. A tree with a wide pyramidal shape of the trunk, light brown in color. Branches of medium thickness, most often gray, smooth. The leaves are elongated, smooth, dark green.

Pear weight more than 200 grams, fruits of greenish tones acquire a yellowish tint. They have an elongated fruit shape, with a smooth and thin skin. Harvesting can start from September. The taste of the pear is sweet, with white juicy pulp. Productivity is high, the tree does not need breaks, but the harvest begins to appear only 4-5 years after planting. Resistant to diseases and pests, but has an average winter hardiness. Especially young seedlings need additional shelter for the winter.

Patriotic

Winter variety of pear Patriotic

The result of the joint work of O.S. Kharchenko, A.V. Krasovsky and A.F. Mileshko. It blooms in late spring, white rounded flowers with a slight aroma. The tree itself is tall, more than 10 m, with a spreading crown, straight branches. The trunk is brown, smooth, regular shape.

The fruits are large, light green, more yellow when fully ripe. Fruit weight up to 180 grams, has an attractive view for sale, also protects the view during long-term transportation. It is recommended to harvest from the tree in early October, the fruits can be stored for several months in a cool place. Gives a crop regularly, the tree rarely gets sick and is almost not damaged by insects. It is also frost-resistant and does not need special care, endures scab and thermal leaf burns. Ripe fruits are stored for several months.

In order for pear fruits to be stored longer, it is important for them to provide the necessary conditions. Fruit must not be damaged or dented at harvest. Also, the pear should be dry and wrapped in newspaper or paper. It is better to store in small boxes, in 2-3 rows. The room should not be damp, too hot and humid. The optimum storage temperature is + 8-14 degrees, in a dark place.

Late

Dessert Rossoshanskaya late

Rossoshanskaya - pear with fruits of autumn ripening

Refers to late varieties, fruit ripening occurs at the beginning of September. Dessert pear is stored until January under the right storage conditions. Hybrid, the result of crossing varieties and Tonkovetka, bred in 1952. The tree is vigorous, the height is more than 6 m, the seedling has a narrow pyramidal shape of the trunk, gray in color, mature tree forms a wide and smooth trunk. The pear crown is branched, young branches are gray, looking up.

The fruit is quite large, weighing up to 180 grams, dark green tones at the beginning of ripening and brown-red shades by autumn. They are attached to branches of 6 pieces on thick stalks. Harvesting begins at 3-4 years, the percentage of yield is high. It tastes sweet, with soft skin and juicy pulp.

Belarusian

Released in Belarus. The variety is late, ripening occurs at the beginning of September. The tree is small, not more than 3.5 m high, the branches look straight up, the crown is gray-brown, smooth. The leaves are light green tones, oblong in shape, with jagged edges. Flowering occurs at the beginning of spring, the inflorescences are white, with a pleasant aroma.

The fruits are dull, light green tones, changing during the summer to orange-red hues. The skin of the pear is rough, quite dense, with small black spots. The stalks are short, the pear branches are crowded in pairs. The pear tastes fleshy, with white pulp, juicy, has a slight sourness.. The pear is winter-hardy, not exposed to pests and diseases. Minus - it does not bear fruit every year, it needs rest.

The variety is not always able to pollinate on its own, therefore, in order to have a successful harvest, it is recommended to plant additional pollinated varieties on the site, for example, or Bere loshitskaya.

The work of a French breeder. The variety is quite capricious, requires special conditions for growth and careful care. The tree is medium-sized, the crown is compact, the branches are directed upwards. Crown brownish shades, smooth, slightly flaky. During the summer, it forms many new branches, which reduces the yield, so it is important to remove excess branches in the fall. The leaves are shiny, dark green, rounded.

Fruits can weigh more than 400 grams. In appearance, the fruits are small, rounded, with a thick skin. The whole fruit is covered with red spots, the surface is bumpy, uneven. The pear is sweet, with white fleshy flesh and a light pleasant aroma. The pear ripens by September and is stored assembled until spring. . Resistant to diseases, but in severe winters it needs additional shelter, otherwise the amount of harvest decreases in the following year.

Bere Ardanpon

It was bred in Belgium by N. Ardanpon in 1759. This winter-hardy undersized hybrid requires special care. It prefers to grow in the sun, heat and well-moistened soil - only in these conditions the tree bears fruit. The tree is vigorous, with a dense brownish-gray crown.. Young branches are thin, not drooping, the leaf blade is pointed, dark green in color, slightly pointed in shape. It blooms in early spring, with white fragrant inflorescences.

The fruits are large, green in mid-summer and reddish when fully ripe towards autumn. Pear with thin smooth skin. This variety is loved by gardeners because of its attractive presentation , which persists until cold weather. The taste of the pear is sweet, with white, fleshy pulp. It endures winter, but it is better to cover young seedlings.

Hera

The same applies to winter varieties, which appeared as a result of crossing Reale Turin and Daughter of the Dawn. Especially the variety does not differ from others, but gardeners fell in love with it because of its large fruits. One pear can weigh up to 280 grams! In addition, the fruits have light green hues that change to reddish in the process of ripening. Not inferior in taste, pears are sweet, with fine-grained cream-colored flesh. They have a delicate, slightly sour taste, with a pleasant aroma.

The tree is medium-sized, no more than 6 m high, with spreading branches, crown, brownish color. Able to produce a large amount of crops annually, not demanding on conditions and care. Plucked fruits can be stored for several months. In addition, the variety is quite resistant to diseases, not afraid of insects, frost-resistant.

AT Ancient Greece pear fruit was used as a remedy for nausea.

miraculous

Another winter pear, a hybrid obtained by crossing the varieties Daughter of the Dawn and. Has excellent frost and disease resistance. It has a pyramidal crown shape, no more than 5 m high. The branches are thin, look up, gray-brown in color. The leaves are rounded, dark green in color, small light veins are clearly visible. It blooms in early spring, with white fragrant inflorescences.

High yield variety by weight one fruit from 140 to 210 grams, can remain on the tree for a long time and is stored for a long time when assembled. The fruits are light green in color, becoming yellowish closer to autumn, slightly elongated. Sweet to taste, with fleshy pulp, have a delicate pleasant aroma.

autumn

Autumn garden varieties are different from others long term storage in assembled form, are not inferior in taste to summer or winter.

Veles

Autumn variety of pears, one of the best. The fruits are quite large, the average weight of a pear is from 150 grams and above. Fruits of the correct pear-shaped form: narrow at a peduncle and rounded from below. On the branches grow in small clusters, 3-4 pears each. The pear ripens at the end of August, remains on the tree until October. It has a beautiful appearance, until the end of summer the fruits are dark green, and when ripe, they become red-orange tones. The taste properties are sweet, juicy, with fleshy pulp and thin skin.

Tree height no more than 8 m, with drooping branches and a pyramidal shape of the trunk, gray-brown. Young branches are formed throughout the summer, which affects the amount of the crop, it is recommended to prune in the fall. Resistant to frost, diseases and pests.

Bere Moscow

Frost-resistant, almost not exposed to diseases and pests. Appeared as a result of pollination of the variety Olga with pollen from the varieties Forest Beauty and. Tree no more than 6-8 m high. The crown of the pear is rounded, light brown. Young branches are rather thin, drooping, gray or brown. The leaf plate is dark green in color, rounded in shape. Pear blossoms in early spring.

The fruits are slightly bumpy, light green shades, there is a slight blush closer to autumn. It is better to pick the fruits slightly green and firm in early autumn., so they are better preserved and lie longer, up to several months in a cool and dark place. If the pear tastes a little tart, with sourness, it means that the pear lacks moisture. With proper care, the pear becomes sweet and fleshy, with delicate white flesh. In general, this variety is not capricious when leaving.

Red-sided

It is a misconception that this variety belongs to the winter, it is not, a variety of autumn ripening. It was obtained as a result of crossing varieties Zheltoplodnaya and Tenderness. Resistant to diseases and pests, especially scab. Frost-resistant, good harvest year after year. The crown is rounded, the branches are slightly drooping, brown-gray in color. The leaves are slightly pointed, light green in spring and dark green in autumn.

Does not require special care, is able to grow in a small shade, under taller trees, but loves moisture. Fruits of medium size, weighing no more than 200 grams. Green pears change their hues to raspberry blush as they ripen. Sweet to taste, with juicy fine-grained pulp and thin skin. Stay on branches, on short curved stalks. The fruits can be stored for a long time, both on the tree and in the assembled form, they are not afraid of transportation.

In memory of Yakovlev

Medium-sized tree with a dense crown. The height of the tree does not exceed 1.5-2m, with spherical crown. Young branches are thin, looking up, brown-gray with small spines. The leaves are dark green, ovate, with smooth edges. Harvest gives for 6-8 years. A popular variety among gardeners due to regular fruiting and unpretentious care.

Pears with a smooth and thin skin, weighing no more than 200 grams. The fruits are collected in groups of 5-7 pears. The taste of the pear is sweet, with juicy pulp and a pleasant aroma. The fruits are golden in color, slightly reddish at the end of ripening. Full ripening of fruits occurs in mid-October. A pear can be stored on a tree for a long time, does not fall off, and even when assembled it can lie for several months. High yield, which increases with each year of tree growth. More than 30 kg of ripe pear is collected from an adult tree per year. In addition, it is capable of not only self-pollination, but also pollinates other varieties of pears. It greatly simplifies the care of the pear that it is winter-hardy and unpretentious in care.

For the first time the word "pear" is mentioned in chronicles in the 12th century, and it sounded like "pear". And all, because of the characteristic crunch, which was published when biting the fruit.

Muscovite

Obtained as a result of pollination of one of the American varieties of Kieffer pears. It has a standard shape, with a fairly dense and spreading crown., light gray colors, which eventually changes shades to brown tones. Quickly forms new curved shoots. The foliage is light green in color, oval in shape, slightly curved in the center. This variety gives a bountiful harvest in the southwestern regions. The first harvest is formed for 3-4 years.

Fruits are medium in size, up to 150 grams. They have the correct pear shape. They have a greenish-yellow hue, which is replaced by the end of summer to burgundy-raspberry tones. The skin is thin, fleshy with juicy pulp with a pronounced sweet-sour taste. It is recommended to pick pears when they are slightly underripe, because after lying indoors for a couple of days, the pear ripens and retains its taste. Under the right storage conditions, the fruits can not deteriorate for several months.. High resistance to scab and rot, also not afraid of frost.

Marble

The fruit of crossing varieties Bere winter Michurina and. The crop of this variety ripens by the very beginning of autumn, the first fruits can be plucked in early September. It differs from others in the height and density of the crown, the height of the tree is more than 8 m. A lot of light brown thin branches are formed every year, but the pear gives shoots extremely rarely. It blooms in early spring with white fragrant inflorescences. The foliage is dark green in color.

The fruits are large, from 170 grams, with yellowish-green hues and a slight blush. The pear is also distinguished by the correct conical shape of the fruit. The pulp is coarse-grained, tender, juicy. A rather dense peel, with small dots of a rusty color. The variety, like other autumn pears, is frost-resistant, not afraid of diseases and pests. The tree begins to bear fruit only for 5 years, but the yield percentage is high, the pear is able to please large quantity harvest every year.

Pear for the Volga region and central Russia

Chizhovskaya

Olga and Lesnaya Krasiva were taken as “parental” varieties, as a result of the long work of S.T. Chizhov and S.P. Potapov and the variety Chizhovskaya was bred. One of the popular self-pollinating varieties in the middle lane, especially in the Volga region and surrounding areas. The tree is no more than 3 m tall, the young tree has a narrow crown, grayish shades. Older branches acquire a brownish color, the branches look up, medium in thickness, slightly curved. The leaves are oval in shape, dark green in color with smooth edges.

The fruits themselves weigh no more than 150 grams. At the beginning of summer, a pear of light green tones, the fruit is quite hard, but closer to autumn they acquire yellow hues, become soft. In this state, the pear will not hang on the tree for a long time, so it is recommended to pick it in early autumn. Green fruits can lie for several weeks. Sweet and fleshy in taste, they ripen in mid-August. They have white, medium-grained flesh with a pleasant aroma. In addition, she inherited from her “relatives” resistance to frost and disease.

The peculiarity of the variety is that the older the tree, the smaller the fruits. You can deal with this with timely pruning.

Lada

The result of crossing varieties Forest Beauty and Olga, a variety suitable for planting in the middle lane. Differs in precocity of fruits, you can taste fresh fruits already in the middle of summer. frost-resistant, not exposed to diseases and pests, annually gives a rich harvest. A tree with a branchy crown, the branches are slightly drooping, looking down. The height of the tree is not more than 3 m, with a pyramidal shape of the trunk, closely gray in color. The leaves are shiny, smooth, dark green tones. Winters quite well even in the most severe winters, resistant to diseases, partially self-fertile.

Fruits of medium size, not more than 100 grams, light green tones with thin skin. Closer to ripening, the fruits give off in yellow tones, become soft to the touch. It is important to catch the moment to remove the fruits from the tree, otherwise they become soft, covered rusty spots and fall off. The fruit is attached to branches in pairs on short stalks. It tastes sweet, with a slight hint of sourness and is stored for a long time in a plucked form, especially in a cool place.

Bessemyanka

Popular and quite interesting for planting, especially spread in the Central regions, it also grows well in the middle lane. The tree is vigorous, the growth rate is fast, it produces a stable crop, it does not need rest. Productivity is high, more than 50 kg of fruits are harvested per year. A tree over 6 m high, with spreading and curved branches. The leaves are oval, dark green in color, with rounded edges. The variety is also resistant to frost, but prone to scab and other diseases.

Annually pleases with a large number of crops, although the fruits are quite small, more like apples. Light green in color, firm when ripe, the fruits turn yellow and soft when ripe. They are attached to the branches by one fruit on short stalks. Ripening occurs at the end of summer, when the fruits acquire yellowish hues.. It does not last long on the tree, quickly falls off. In addition, it does not lie long and in a torn form, no more than 2-3 weeks.

In Europe, before the introduction of tobacco, crushed pear leaves were used for smoking.

Early maturing from Michurinsk

This variety beats all records for the speed of fruit ripening. Bred by I. V. Michurin, as a result of crossing varieties Citron de Carm and Bere Ligelya. Refers to early varieties pears, the harvest ripens by mid-summer. Represents tall tree, the shape of the trunk is pyramidal, light brown in color.

Fruits no more than 90 grams, green in summer, turn yellow when fully ripe. Small fruits are compensated by taste: sweet, juicy, this pear is loved not only by gardeners, but by bees and birds. Therefore, it is better to collect them when they are a little hard, they are stored for no more than a week. The tree itself is winter-hardy, with a dense crown, resistant to diseases and pests.

Allegro

Bred thanks to artificial pollination varieties Autumn Yakovleva. Another variety for the middle lane, which bears fruit annually, is unpretentious in care, resistant to diseases and severe cold. Fruiting begins at 3 years old, with time the fruits become larger in size. Medium-sized tree, over 5 m high, with a lowered crown. The branches are curved, light gray in color, the leaves are slightly elongated, closely green in color.

Pear weighing from 120 grams with a thick skin, but juicy and sweet pulp, with a spicy aroma. The correct pear-shaped form, the fruits are slightly elongated. They are attached to branches with a thick stem, grow singly on a branch. Ripens at the beginning of August, the fruits turn yellowish-red and become soft. The variety is not stored for a long time, mature fruits hang on a tree for no more than 2 weeks, but when assembled they can lie for more than a month.

Central Russia has a special climate that is not suitable for growth for all varieties of pears. There are pronounced hot summers, harsh winters, and transitional periods with high rainfall. Only those who “love” such weather can grow, bear fruit here, and proper care will provide a greater yield of pears.

Garden varieties for the Moscow region, description

Prominent or Lumpy

A variety of pear, which has long been loved by those near Moscow. A tree no more than 5 m high, with a fairly sprawling young crown, which subsequently acquires a pyramidal shape. During the summer, the tree forms many young branches, which must be cut in the fall, otherwise the fruits will shrink. The leaf plate is elongated, with light veins, dark green in color. It blooms in early spring, with many white inflorescences with a pleasant aroma.

Fruiting begins in the 5th year, the fruits are medium in size, regular pear-shaped. The color is greenish-yellow during the summer, with a red tinge towards autumn. Fruits with thick skin and coarse-grained white flesh. The taste is sweet and juicy, with a pleasant aroma. When assembled, they can be preserved for several months, but it is recommended to collect the fruits in mid-August, when the fruits are quite hard and a little underripe.

Tenderness

A variety obtained by crossing Tyoma and. It gives a particularly large amount of crop in the Volga region, the middle lane and in the Moscow region.. The tree is medium-sized, not more than 4 m high, with a rare crown. The branches are thin, light gray. The tree blooms in mid-spring, with white, small inflorescences. The leaves are rounded, with smooth edges, smooth. Frost-resistant, able to bear fruit annually. Prefers to grow sunny areas, resistant to diseases, not afraid of pests, so growing this variety will not be difficult.

The fruits are large, weighing more than 200 grams with the correct pear-shaped fruit. The pear tastes soft, juicy, coarse-grained with a pleasant aroma. Attaches to branches with short stalks. In the middle of the fruit is a chamber with brown seeds. The fruits of this pear are stored for a long time both on the tree and when assembled, especially at a temperature of 0 degrees.

A pear tree is not able to deform, which is why, for example, rulers for architects are made from it.

fabulous

It got its name because of the beautiful fruits. Obtained as a result of crossing varieties Hanging and Tenderness. The pear has a high yield, more than 30 kg of ripe fruits are collected per season from one adult tree. The height of the tree reaches 4 m, the branches are thick, thin with a gray-brown crown. The leaf plate is smooth, rather small, of green shades, with small serrations along the edges.

When the pear ripens, it acquires a yellow-reddish hue on one side and greenish on the other. It has correct form fetus, and one pear can weigh more than 150 grams. Pear pulp is white, fleshy, medium-grained. In the center of the fruit are chambers with dark brown seeds. Steadily tolerates diseases, is not afraid of frost, seedlings easily take root in a new place.

Another suitable variety for planting in the suburbs. A tree over 6 m high, with a pyramidal trunk shape, with brown-brown upright branches. Young leaves are light green tones, by autumn they change color to dark green shades. Frost-resistant, does not need special care. The pear ripens in mid-September. It differs from others in that it has yield declines, the fruits become smaller, but after a couple of years the pear again pleases with a large harvest.

The fruits are green throughout the summer, but change to yellow-orange colors in autumn. Fastens on short stalks, grows 2-3 pears in bunches. To taste, the pear is fragrant and fleshy, medium-grained flesh with a thin skin. Good storage ability, especially in a cool place.

Elegant Efimova

It turned out as a result of crossing the varieties Lyubimitsa Klappa and Tonkovetka. It grows well and gives a rich harvest in the Central region, the Moscow region and other nearby areas. Productive, winter-hardy, not exposed to pests and diseases. The tree is tall, more than 5 m in height, with a dense crown, dark brown in color, pyramidal in shape. The leaves are small, dark green in color, with smooth edges.

Beautiful appearance of the fruit, red-orange tones are intertwined with green hues. But the fruits are small in size, weighing no more than 120 grams, regular, slightly distant shape. Soft, juicy flesh, with a pleasant sweet aroma. The thin skin of the pear is prone to dark spots during the summer. The fruits ripen at the end of August, quickly overripe, therefore, it is better to collect them a little hard, and it is recommended to store them in a cool and dark place.

Venus

Another popular variety for planting, due to its winter hardiness and unpretentious care. Tree up to 4m high, the crown is quite spreading, young branches are slightly lowered down, light brown in color. The variety blooms in early spring with white inflorescences with a sweet aroma. The variety is also distinguished by high yields, an adult tree can produce more than 40 kg of yield over the summer. Does not need rest, is able to bear fruit annually. In addition, the variety is fairly resistant to frost, disease and pests.

The variety ripens in early autumn, the fruits are large, weighing up to 200 grams. Red-yellow in color, when ripe green tones. The taste is soft, juicy, slightly sour with a thin skin. They are stored for a long time both on a tree and in assembled form.

Regardless of the specific variety, of which there are a huge variety today, the main thing in a pear is its taste and useful trace elements, which are so abundant in ripe fruits. Winter, summer and autumn varieties differ from each other not only in taste, but also in the speed of fruit ripening, care features, and the ability to preserve fruits. Which variety to choose is up to you.

The pear, unlike the apple tree, is more sensitive to frost and tolerates winter worse. But thanks to the work of breeders, varieties have appeared that winter well. Now garden pear can be grown in almost any region of our vast country. In this article, we will focus only on the most common and famous varieties. The gardener now has a wide opportunity to choose a variety for his region that is tasty, productive and resistant to heat or severe frosts. We list only the main advantages and disadvantages of winter pear varieties that are inherent in a particular variety - the choice is yours.

Description of winter varieties of pears

Pear variety "Winter Dekanka" or "Winter Delyuches"

Pear variety "Saratovka"

Pear variety "Kondratievka"

Decan winter or Winter Duchess - the tree forms a wide, rather sprawling crown. Begins to bear fruit early, fruiting is regular. Pears are beautiful, large, slightly bumpy. The fruits are tied either in bunches or singly and hold firmly on the stalk. The color of the fruit is amber with a golden hue, sometimes with a slight blush. The pulp of excellent sweet taste, dense and juicy. Keeping quality: fruits can be stored until May without losing their taste.

Saratovka- a winter pear variety with an annual fruitful fruiting. This one has excellent frost resistance. Fruits up to 200 grams. The color of the pear at the time of removal is green with a slight blush, during maturity it is yellow. The pulp is oily, white, slightly tart. Pears of this variety are stored until February.

Kondratievka - a variety of winter ripening, with high winter hardiness, excellent yield and annual fruiting. The fruits begin to set 4-5 years after planting. The tree is well leafy, differs in vigor of growth. The shape of the fruit is traditional pear-shaped. Like other winter varieties of pears, it has a green fruit color when harvested, then as it ripens, the color of the fruit changes to yellow with an orange near the stalk. Pulp without stonyness, oily, juicy and sweet. The fruits are stored until January. Pears of medium size up to 200 grams.

Pear variety "Pass-Krasan"

Pear variety "Domestic"

Pear variety "Olivier de Serre"

Pear variety Pass-Krasan- Released in France. A tree with a narrow pyramidal crown, poor winter hardiness. Fruiting begins from the 6th year, however, grafted on quince - from the 4th. The annual yield is moderate. The fruits are large 250-400 grams, the graft on quince gives fruits up to 700 grams. The fruits are golden green with an orange blush and rusty dots. The pulp of pears is juicy, with a slight sourness and gentle astringency. Acid appears due to dry summers and poor watering. Fruits are removed in October, pears lie until March.

Patriotic- This variety was bred in 1934, but is still popular to this day. The variety is bred for the southern regions with mild winter, in severe frosts can die. Fruiting occurs in the 5th year. The yield is high and annual. Fruits up to 200 grams in size, pear-shaped greenish-yellow color. The pulp is very juicy, sweet and sour taste. Pears are harvested in October. The fruits can lie until March.

Julienne Olivier de Serre- dessert variety. Trees are whimsical in cultivation. Winter hardiness is low. Fruiting, like many late varieties of pears, begins at 6-8 years, but the graft for quince begins to bear fruit in the 4th year. The grade plentifully fructifies on the fertile irrigated soils. In warm climates, fruits can reach 600 grams, however, the average fruit weight under standard conditions is 150 grams. The pulp is white, oily, melting in the mouth, very juicy and tasty. Harvesting begins in October, the fruits lie until March. The advantages of this variety include resistance to diseases, non-shattering of fruits and excellent taste. The disadvantages are low winter hardiness, moderate yields and increased requirements for cultivation.

Pear variety "January"

Pear variety "Josephine of Mecheln"

Pear variety "Bere Ardanpon"

Julienne January- trees of medium height with a compact, wide-pyramidal crown. The fruits are broadly ribbed pear-shaped. The yield of the variety is good. Winter hardiness is average; in severe frosts, bark and wood can freeze slightly. The pulp of pears is white, dense, fine-grained, sweet and juicy. Harvest begins at the end of September. Storage up to 5 months.

Julienne Josephine of Mecheln- an old Belgian variety bred in 1830. Due to its high drought and winter hardiness, as well as excellent fruit taste, it is still considered a favorite among the best winter pear varieties. Fruiting comes late - 8-10 years after planting. However, like any graft on quince, the fruiting period is reduced to 4-5 years. The yield of the variety is consistently moderate annual. The fruits are small up to 70 grams. On dwarf rootstocks a little larger - up to 120 grams. The pulp is very tender, melting, juicy, excellent taste, there is a slight spicy sourness. The variety is highly resistant to scab.

Pear variety Bere Ardanpon- trees with vigorous growth with pyramidal. They have good winter hardiness. Demanding to soil and climatic conditions. With a lack of moisture and heat - sharply reduce the taste. Fruiting occurs at 8-9 years, the graft on quince bears fruit starting from the 4th year. The variety is productive. Fruits up to 250 grams. The shape of the pear is quince-shaped with small tubercles. The pulp is tasty, sweet and sour, slightly tart. Harvesting starts in September. The fruits lie for 4 months.

ARTICLES

In nature, the pear is known as a tree or shrub. Shrubs are usually very large. Trees reach a height of up to 30 m. The trunk with strong wood and wrinkled bark has a diameter of about 80 cm. The branches form a large crown with dense leaves. The pear blossoms before the leaves bloom. The flowers are white or pink. She lives 25-50 years. According to the classification, it belongs to Rosaceae.

The pear does not self-pollinate. For successful fruiting in the garden, trees should be planted different varieties.

Fruits on a young tree appear after 3-8 years. The size of the fruit depends on the variety. Fruit shapes of different varieties differ in the degree of elongation or roundness.

This fruit contains many useful substances for humans:

• monosaccharides (with a predominance of fructose);
• organic acids (malic and citric);
• tannins;
• essential oils;
• proteins;
• nitrogenous substances;
• vitamins;
• minerals.

Thanks to the tannins included in its composition, the pear is used in folk medicine. It is recommended for diseases of the stomach, kidneys. These fruits have a strengthening, diuretic, disinfectant, antipyretic effect. Her medicinal properties were known as early as 5,000 years ago.

When breeding this crop, it is imperative to take into account its environmental requirements.

The overwhelming majority of varieties prefer conditions of sufficient lighting. This can be controlled by placing the trees in relation to the terrain accordingly.

The culture grows best in a moderately warm climate. To obtain high-quality fruits of winter ripening, 80-90 days are required with temperatures above +10.

Even frost-resistant varieties at too low temperatures need protection. One of the ways to save a tree during a severe winter is to tin and mulch the soil, tie up the boles of young trees, and whitewash old ones. The pear has the ability to regenerate frost-damaged organs.

This culture is demanding on moisture. However, waterlogging is not desirable, since the water and air regimes are interdependent. Timely aeration of the soil will help to regulate these phenomena.

The best varieties of pears and their description

Winter varieties of these fruits are characterized by the fact that they are not eaten from the tree or immediately after harvest. They reach the necessary condition for consumption after lying down. It is interesting that birds and animals do not eat a pear that has just fallen from a tree, but choose a pear that has turned brown, which has lain down for several days.

Quite a lot of winter varieties have been bred to date. When selecting the best of them for breeding in their garden plots, one should take into account climatic conditions the area in which it is going to be grown.

The classification of fruit crops on the basis of the harvest time is somewhat arbitrary, since it can differ significantly in the south and in the northern regions.

Mid-winter:

1. Belarusian late- oily, filled with sweet and sour juice. A ripe pear of this variety has a coral hue barrel. At home, it is preserved until the March holidays.
2. Winter Duchess(Dekanka) - the pulp is white, very juicy and soft with a specific wine, slightly sour taste. Reaches by January, can be stored until May.
3. Artemovskaya winter - with crispy juicy yellow flesh. It is resistant to cold conditions, as well as a disease such as scab. It is collected in mid-September, and stored until the beginning of the February days.
4. January- dense, with juice pouring out when biting. Most often, it is green on the outside, yellow on the inside. Mid September is considered best time to collect it.
5. Lyra- the pulp is white, fine-grained, sweet. The aroma is weak. The variety is very high-yielding, obtained from crossing Bere winter and Forest beauty.

Late winter:

• Pear Kyrgyz winter- tart, with granular cream-colored flesh. The skin has a beautiful blush. The fruits are large, almost all of the same size. Perfectly preserved until the end of spring.
• Petrova 3- full of sweet taste, slightly tart. Medium sized fruits
• Bere Michurin- juicy and sweet, with spicy flavors. Fruit size is medium. Removed from the tree in the second half of September.

How to store winter varieties of pears at home

Winter varieties can be successfully stored at home. Preparation for its storage begins with harvesting. Unripe fruits are harvested from the tree. They will ripen during storage. Only whole pears are selected. They are removed from the tree by hand.

Shaking to the ground is unacceptable, as the broken fruit is not stored. If damaged, it begins to deteriorate, which leads to decay of the rest of the workpiece.

The storage must have a certain temperature and humidity regime. A high concentration of moisture at high temperatures leads to decay. Excessive dryness at low temperatures leads to a loss of moisture in the fruit, and it shrinks. The optimal storage temperature for pears is 0 degrees. Relative humidity - 85%.

The storage should also be prepared in advance. Preparation includes:

• cleaning;
• disinfection;
• ventilation.

Cleaning doesn't just mean picking up trash. On the walls, on the floor there should be no mold, dampness.

For disinfection, the walls of the home storage are whitewashed with an alkaline solution. There is another way, this is the fumigation of the room with sulfur. However, due to the harmfulness of its vapors, this method is rarely used.

Ventilation is carried out in any available way:

• with a fan,
• creating a draft.

For long-term storage complete absence of light is necessary.

Containers for the safe storage of fruits must also be adapted for this. You can't dump them on the floor. This leads to fruit rot. It is best to place them in boxes that have holes to ventilate the contents.

Pears are laid out in layers, sprinkled with shavings, straw. Each of them is laid upside down. It is not recommended to place other vegetables and fruits nearby in order to avoid affecting its taste and other properties.

During the storage period, fruits are periodically sorted out and sorted. The fruit, which has even the initial signs of decay, is removed.

The storage is ventilated periodically. This should be done carefully, as even a slight decrease in temperature affects the quality of the product.

Proper care, rational use of fertilizers and timely protection against pests allow you to get a good harvest even in a small garden.

The pear season usually falls in autumn. But sometimes you really want to enjoy this delicious fruit in the cold season. In this case, it is logical to pay attention to winter varieties. pear trees. Thanks to the constant laborious work of breeders, there are many such varieties today. It is sometimes difficult for a novice gardener to choose a specific option. What winter varieties exist, and which of them are the most delicious, the article will tell.

Winter varieties of pears are characterized by such features:

Among the main advantages winter options worth mentioning are:

• High resistance to low temperatures. The tree is frost tolerant.
• The shelf life of the crop is long. It is at least 5 months.
• The taste and aroma in the process of ripening the fruit become more saturated.
• The appearance of the fruit is quite attractive.
• The pear is suitable for canning.

Classification of winter pears

The shelf life of harvested pears of winter varieties is different. Some can be stored until January. Others do not lose their presentation and excellent taste until the beginning of May. In this connection, all varieties are divided into several groups.

Given the timing of fruit ripening, pears are classified into:

Which variety to choose?

The assortment of pears today is quite wide. And sometimes it is difficult to choose a specific variety. Especially if the summer resident has little experience in growing fruit trees. Therefore, it makes sense to consider the most popular varieties of pears with large fruits and good taste.

Pear Kyrgyz winter

The Kyrgyz winter pear belongs to early-growing, winter-hardy varieties. It is quite suitable for growing in areas that are characterized by adverse climatic and weather factors. The tree is medium in height. It has a pyramidal, sparse crown. Fruits are formed on kolchatka. They are quite large, the same size. Each copy weighs about 240 grams. The shape of the pear is oblong. The color of the skin is green-yellow. When fully ripe, the fruit is golden yellow with a red blush over almost the entire surface.

The flesh is yellowish. The consistency is dense, coarse-grained. The taste is pleasant, slightly tart. Harvest lezhkoe, suitable for transportation. In the refrigerator or cellar, pears are usually stored until April. Ripe fruits do not fall off the branches. This feature highly valued by gardeners. Therefore, considering the best varieties of pears, many opt for the Kyrgyz winter.

November pear

The November pear is recognized as a reference variety. It was withdrawn in 1950. The tree is tall. The crown is rounded, broadly pyramidal. Branching is dense. Shoots cranked, thick. Fruit formations are formed on 2-3-year-old shoots. The yield is stable. Every year, the summer resident collects at least 70 centners of marketable fruits from one hectare.

Fruit size varies. Weight varies from 70 to 360 grams. The mass depends largely on the climatic features of the region and care. The shape of the pear is ovoid. Fruits are ribbed, unequal. There are deep grooves. The peel is very dense, painted in a yellowish-green tone. There is a burgundy blush. Inside the pulp is white, juicy and oily. The aroma is very pleasant. The taste is sweet and sour, pronounced.

Pear Artemovskaya

Pear Artemovskaya was bred by gardeners of the Donetsk experimental station. The tree is of medium height. The crown is narrow-pyramidal, quite rare. The variety is highly valued by domestic gardeners. Therefore, it makes sense to consider its description in more detail. The resistance of Artemovskaya to winter is high. Also, the pear has a good immunity to scab. The fruits are quite large. Each copy weighs from 210 to 250 grams. Pear shape. The surface is slightly bumpy. The peel is green in color, covered with rusty spots. Ripe fruits are yellow-green. The pulp is white, fragrant, tasty. Sweet and fragrant. Many choose the variety for its good dessert taste.

The harvest of this variety is harvested starting from September 15th. And the pears fully ripen by January. Stable and abundant yields are the main advantage of the Artemovskaya variety. About 500 centners of marketable fruits are harvested from one hectare.

Pear Bere

Variety Bere is considered quite old, but capricious. The variety was bred in 1811 in France. The tree is vigorous. It has a pyramidal crown shape. Among the main advantages it is worth mentioning high resistance to frost, immunity to scab. Flowering falls on the month of May. But the fruits fully ripen at the end of October. Bere comes into fruiting quite late.

Pears are egg-shaped. Medium or large in size. Each copy has a length of 8-11 centimeters. The skin is colored green-yellow. Light rust is visible on the surface. Taste is high. The fruit is very sweet and has a pleasant aroma. The harvested crop is stored for a long time in the cellar or refrigerator.

There are several subspecies of Bere pears: Royal, Luca, Ardanpon, Michurin, which differ in appearance and have their own advantages and disadvantages, and each type requires the creation of certain growing conditions.

Bere Royale has low frost resistance. The crown of the tree is medium density. The fruits are quite large. Their color is yellow. Harvest can be stored until the end of March. The subspecies is prone to scab. Very demanding on growing conditions. Gardeners note a good yield Royal.

The Bere Luca tree has a medium dense crown. Distinctive features of the subspecies are wavy leaves, the presence of thorns and large-sized fruits that ripen in winter. Fruiting is irregular. Resistance to scab and septoria is average.

Ardanpon is recognized as the best winter pear variety. The tree produces tasty, long-lasting fruits. True, much depends on the characteristics of care. Winter hardiness is average. Among the shortcomings, it is worth noting the heterogeneity of fruits, susceptibility to scab.

Bere Michurin is characterized by medium frost resistance. The tree is vigorous. Its crown is pyramidal. The subspecies is high-yielding. The fruits are large in size. The skin has a whitish tint. The pulp is tart. Harvested in September, and stored until February.

Pear Glazkova

Variety Glazkova is characterized by excellent taste. Frost resistance is high. Medium size fruits. Each copy weighs from 160 to 200 grams. The harvested crop is stored for about six months. When fully ripe, the fruit has a sweet flavor similar to the Duchess pear. Glazkov's variety is considered frost-resistant. Therefore, it is often chosen by residents of the Urals and Siberia.

Pear Duchess

The Duchess fruit tree is not capricious in cultivation, resistant to low temperatures. The variety is very productive. From each tree good care collect at least 100 kilograms of fruit. Fruit keeping quality is high. In a cool place, pears are saved right up to the month of May. They are quite large in size. Each copy has a mass of 500 grams. Duchesse skin is smooth, yellow with a pleasant blush. The pulp has a honey flavor, juicy. There is a slightly pronounced sourness.

Pear Malvina

Winter Malvina is a relatively new variety. Pears have a long shelf life. The harvest lies until February-March. The fruits are beautiful. Painted in green and yellow. There is a red blush. Each copy weighs from 130 to 170 grams. Taste qualities are good.

Pear Chelyabinsk

Variety Chelyabinsk has a high winter hardiness. Able to withstand up to -37 degrees. The tree is medium. Round crown. The plant begins to bear fruit 4 years after planting. The shape of the fruit is pear-shaped. The skin is yellow with a blush. Weight is 80-150 grams. The pulp is dense, white. The taste is sweet and sour. Removable maturity falls on the second half of September. And the pears fully ripen in November. Harvest is stored until January.

Pear Williams

The Williams tree is characterized by vigorous growth, asymmetrical, wide-pyramidal crown. Fruits are medium to large in size. Their weight is about 180 grams. The shape is pear-shaped, oblong. The skin is shiny, thin. Painted light green. Fully mature fruits are bright yellow with multiple gray dots all over. The flesh is either white or yellowish. The taste is dessert, wine-sweet, tender. Muscat aroma. Ripening falls at the end of August. Shelf life is 1.5 months in a cool place. Winter hardiness and drought resistance Williams are average. Resistance to scab, aphids is also low.

Pear Vysotsky

Is a variety of Vysotsky new. The variety is fast-growing and productive. The height of the tree is approximately 3.5 meters. Fruit size is medium. Weight reaches 160 grams. The skin is colored yellowish-green. Taste qualities are good. Pear pulp has a sweet and sour taste. The plant begins to bear fruit for 4 years.

Pear General Totleben

Variety General Totleben belongs to the early winter varieties of pears. The tree is medium. Its crown is compact, dense, pyramidal. Among the advantages, it should be noted good winter hardiness, the presence of immunity to brownish spotting, chlorosis. The General enters fruiting at the age of 3. The fruits are large. Reach a mass of 250 to 700 grams. The form is short pear-shaped. Each copy is painted in a bright red hue. The pulp has a duchesse taste. Harvested in mid-October. It will keep until February.

Pear Cure

The early winter variety Cure is actively grown by gardeners in the southern regions of Russia. The tree is vigorous. Reaches 4 meters. The crown is wide, pyramidal. Cure begins to bear fruit a few years after planting. Medium sized fruit. Weight ranges from 160-250 grams. The shape is elongated, truncated cone. The skin is thick, matte. Ripe pears are painted in light yellow. There is a slight blush pink tone. The aroma is weak. Taste depends on growing conditions. The taste improves with storage.

Exhibition pear

Productive, winter-hardy variety Exhibition is highly valued by domestic gardeners. The tree bears fruit regularly. Fruits are large. Their shape is broadly pear-shaped. Weight reaches 240-350 grams. Skin thickness is medium. However, she is durable. Ripe pears are golden yellow with a raspberry blush. The pulp is sweet. The variety is immune to scab, spotting and powdery mildew.

Pear Trout

Trout is a low tree that grows no more than 5 meters. The crown is spreading. The variety begins to bear fruit 3 years after planting seedlings. Fruits are small in size. Their weight does not exceed 150 grams. Pear shape. The skin is smooth and thin. It has a yellow tint with ruddy-red spots. The pulp is medium-grained, white. Taste qualities are good. The pear is sweet with a hint of sourness. Ripening occurs in September.

Pear Golden

The Golden tree is medium-sized, with a cone-shaped crown. The variety is winter-hardy, early-growing. Very productive. From one plant get up to 80 kilograms of crop. Fruit is harvested in October. Each copy weighs from 150 to 180 grams. However, fruiting is unstable. Other disadvantages of Golden include susceptibility to powdery mildew, wilting of fruits during storage.

How to care for winter pears?

Every summer resident wants pear seedlings of winter varieties to develop well, grow and give a bountiful harvest. To do this, it is important to provide the tree with proper care. It consists in regular irrigation, fertilizing, loosening the soil, removing weeds and timely pruning.

Winter varieties of fruit trees do not need much moisture. However, the plant has a negative attitude towards drought. Watered usually once a week. One tree takes about a bucket of water. During the ripening of pears, irrigation is completely stopped.

The condition of the pear largely depends on the presence of certain elements. If there is a lack of nitrogen, the growth of the tree slows down, the leaves turn yellow, the ovaries crumble. And with a deficiency of phosphorus, fruit buds are poorly formed. If there is a lack of potassium, the shoots stop growing. Calcium is responsible for the formation of stones in fruits.

It is important to provide the pear with all the nutrients it needs.

For this, organic mineral fertilizers. Useful fertilizing with compost, manure, humus, ammonium nitrate.

To obtain a large harvest, the crown of the tree should be formed annually. Pruning is carried out in the second year after planting. The procedure is performed in the spring. Shorten the growth of last year by about 1/3. This improves plant growth.

Having planted several winter varieties of pear trees in the garden, it will be possible to enjoy delicious fruits not only in autumn, but also in winter. Moreover, the storage of fruits in most varieties is quite long - until the end of spring. The range of winter pears is wide. Therefore, each summer resident has the right to choose the most suitable option. Lot useful information in the article: .