How to grow terry cornflower from seeds and does the plant need special care? Cornflower. Growing from seed is easy

Modest and very attractive garden cornflowers have inspired artists and poets since ancient times. The blue flower was the most common image in folk song and art, girls wove wreaths of cornflowers to decorate, used it for divination. It is used both as a spice and as a dye. Bees flock from all around for nectar-bearing flowers.

Known since antiquity medicinal properties cornflower. Loosely translated, "Centaurea cyanus" means "Blue Centaur Flower". This name is associated with the story of the wounding of the Centaur by the arrow of Hercules and of his miraculous cure with the help of juice. And he got his Slavic name thanks to the boy Vasya, who refused reciprocity to the mermaid - for this she turned the guy into a sky-blue flower.

Description of the garden cornflower

Currently, more than 700 varieties of this herbaceous plant from the Compositae family have been described. The genus cornflower combines about 500 species of herbaceous annuals or perennials. First of all, they are valued for their unpretentiousness, and leaves. The stem is erect or recumbent, strongly branched up to 80 cm. Sheet plates smooth or pubescent. Flowers of ultramarine shades in round or oblong inflorescences - baskets. The fruit is an achene with a crest, small and inedible.

Growing a perennial garden cornflower

Prefers a place well lit by the sun, open spaces, spacious, but easily tolerates some shading.
Requires virtually no maintenance. Good for Alpine rollercoaster, like a border plant, in flower beds.
Unusually good surrounded by cereals. It is used in meadow style plantings, where it is especially good in combination with white and yellow flowers.
Great for harsh winters. In one place without a transplant can live for more than 10 years.

How to grow annual and perennial cornflower from seeds

Cornflower can become a luxurious, and at the same time, inexpensive decoration of the garden, if grown from seeds. Although the flowers are best known for being blue, these annuals come in pink, white, red, lavender, and maroon.

Cornflowers produce single or double flowers with a fringe of dissected petals and grey-green leaves. Dwarf varieties suitable for edging and borders, while more high grades popular in cottage gardens. However, since it is more difficult to obtain from local nurseries, planting cornflower seeds is the only way to propagate them in the garden. Luckily, they are easy to grow both indoors and outdoors.

Seeds of annual species sown in spring permanent place into fertilized soil when the soil is warm enough.
perennial species sown in an unheated greenhouse or grown for seedlings at home and transplanted in October to a permanent place.

Later they are propagated by dividing the bush or cuttings. It is best to divide perennial species after flowering, after having carried out a low pruning. They are planted at a distance of 45 cm - this makes it possible to independently form a beautiful shape for the plant.

Planting cornflower seeds in open ground

In areas with mild winter cornflower seeds can be sown in open ground in September. They will germinate in the fall and take root to bloom in the spring. However, for colder climatic conditions, it is better to sow cornflower seeds in the spring, as soon as the weather permits. Several successive plantings of cornflower seeds will result in almost continuous flowering throughout the entire growing season. This is because annual cornflowers are not long-lived plants. A second planting in spring is recommended if cornflower seeds are first sown in autumn.

Sow seeds in slightly alkaline garden soil to a depth of 2-2.5 cm. Stratification can be done: moisten the seeds and keep in the refrigerator until germination, this is about seven to 10 days for annuals and two to three and a half weeks for perennial varieties. Sown in the garden for seedlings, the plants are then transplanted at a distance of 20-30 cm from each other.

Planting cornflower seeds for seedlings at home

Cornflower seeds are sown for seedlings about a month before the last frost or a month before planting in open ground. If planted at the end of April, it should be sown at the end of March.

Fill prepared containers with potting soil or take peat pots. After the containers are filled, moisten the mixture and let the water drain. Then, three or four cornflower seeds are sown in a pot and covered with foil. Place them in a warm place for the seeds to germinate. Shelter will create a greenhouse effect, and high humidity and heat will promote rapid germination.

After germination, the shelter is removed and the containers are placed in a sunny place. When a pair of true leaves appears, the most strong plants to save them for transplanting into open ground, and pinch off the remaining seedlings at soil level. It should be fed once with a complex water-soluble fertilizer. Upon reaching a height of 8-10 cm, the seedlings of the garden cornflower are ready for planting.

Garden cornflower care

Top dressing. Feed moderately once every two weeks.
Watering. Cornflower loves moisture, but does not tolerate waterlogging, tolerates drought well. Usually rare summer rains are enough for him.
Pruning. Mainly used to maintain appearance. It is timely to cut dry inflorescences in order to avoid unwanted resettlement of cornflower throughout the garden plot. Perennial specimens after flowering are pruned at a height of 10 cm.

Diseases and pests

It is very rare, but it happens, with waterlogging, leaf spot occurs, powdery mildew, gray rot, rust, which are dealt with by appropriate preparations.

From insects, aphids harm cornflowers, spider mite, leaflet. A good result in the fight against these insects is irrigation with tar water (5 drops of birch tar per 10 liters of water). The smell of tar repels many pests, such treatment does not harm the environment.

Types of garden cornflowers

Cornflowers, which are grown today, are bred by selection from a wild-growing species that grows like a weed in cereal fields, on roadsides, clearings and wastelands.

American cornflower Centaurea Americana

Hailing from the prairies North America, can reach a height of 1 m. It has pale lilac flowers with a diameter of 8-10 cm. Very cold-resistant appearance, decorative, blooms in August.

Cornflower bleached Centaurea dealbata

White cornflower Centaurea dealbata ‘Steenbergii’ photo

Originally from the Caucasus, tall, reaching a meter height plant with very beautiful, colorful, fragrant flowers. Cultivated for cutting. The most refined of the perennial cornflowers. Likes well-drained garden soil.

Large-headed cornflower Centaurea macrocephala

With its beauty and undemanding nature, it conquered the flower gardens of Europe. In England, it is one of the main plants of mixborders. Its bush keeps its shape perfectly, blooms from July to early October with bright yellow baskets. Feels great on any soil, prefers deep, well-moistened, humus and clay.

Usage

Known since ancient times, cornflower has a wide range of applications:

for decorative purposes - wreaths are woven from it and bouquets are made;
used as a natural dye;
for cosmetic procedures;
in the alcoholic beverage industry;
in traditional and folk medicine.

Medicinal properties

In medicine, it is used as a mild diuretic, for lotions for eye diseases, as an anti-inflammatory agent. The decoction and liquid extract have a choleretic effect. Fresh juice is used as a wound healing, and the grass is applied to bruises and tumors. A decoction is used instead of a facial lotion, as an anesthetic for toothaches.
, he fell in love with many flower growers for their sophisticated beauty. Ideal for beginner flower lovers - with a minimum of attention, a positive result is always achieved. It blooms for a long time and at the same time practically does not require care. Perennial species attract even the most sophisticated flower lovers with their ease of cultivation, beauty and charm.

Every gardener wants to acquire attractive plants in his backyard that can please the eye with flowers or lush greenery. Now on sale you can easily find the most different cultures, differing in their size, color, exactingness and life expectancy. However, wild flowers are especially loved by many gardeners, and it is quite possible to grow them on your own. The terry cornflower is just one of these plants, let's consider how this crop is grown from seeds and what kind of care it needs.

In fact, the cornflower garden terry is somewhat different from the real one. wild flower, since it is the result of selective work. Such a plant looks larger - it can reach fifty centimeters in height. And the flowers themselves have a diameter of up to six centimeters. Besides distinguishing feature such a plant - the ability to bloom from the beginning of June until the first frost.

This is a terry cornflower (photo):

Cornflower terry - growing from seeds

Terry cornflowers are annual plants, their planting is carried out in a seedless way, the seeds are immediately sown in the ground. The optimal time for their sowing is the end of April-beginning of May.

Conditions for successful growth

Cornflower terry from seeds is best planted in the sun. They are very fond of well-drained, not acidic soils, best sandy. It is believed that on alkaline soil, such plants bloom especially intensively and have a brighter color. In the event that the land on your site belongs to clay, you need to add sand to it, and acidic soils require liming before planting cornflowers. Liming is carried out in the pre-winter time, while lime should be scattered on the surface of the soil with a layer of half a centimeter-centimeter.

How to plant terry cornflower?

Select a small bed for cornflowers, take a couple of kilograms of peat and humus for each square meter, also use about a hundred grams wood ash and one tablespoon of nitrophoska. Next, dig the beds twenty-five centimeters deep. Level and compact the soil a little, make small grooves on it. After that, carry out a sufficiently plentiful watering of the soil and sow seeds in it. On top of the seeds, it is worth pouring a thin layer of well-sifted earth - about one centimeter. Next, gently tamp the soil with your hand and place it right on the cover bed. fabric material.

Right after that…

Water crops from above, directly over the material, at intervals of two to three days, using two liters of water per square meter.

About seedlings

Immediately after the emergence of shoots, you need to remove such a shelter. Usually terry cornflowers sprout about a week or two after planting. Over time, they will need to be thinned out, selecting the strongest plants and leaving an interval of ten to twelve centimeters between them.

As practice shows, terry cornflowers grow well not only in the backyard, they can be planted in boxes and placed on the balcony. planting material able to remain viable for two to three years.

What does terry cornflower love, what kind of care?

In order to achieve a particularly abundant flowering of terry cornflowers, it is worth fertilizing them shortly before flowering begins. For this purpose, it is best to use nitrophoska and urea. Take a tablespoon of such elements, dilute them in ten liters of ordinary water. Use the resulting solution for watering plants, for each square meter you will need three to four liters of fertilizer.

It is wonderful to speed up the flowering of cornflowers by spraying the plants with the Zircon preparation. It is desirable to apply this composition immediately before the start of budding. For every liter of water, one milliliter of the drug should be used. The resulting solution will be enough to spray about thirty square meters of planting.

When the soil dries, terry cornflowers need moderate watering. In addition, from time to time it is worth weeding weeds and loosening the soil. Keep in mind that excessive soil moisture can greatly harm plants and even lead to their death.

Usually, after a single planting, the annual cornflower continues to grow in the garden, multiplying on its own - self-sowing. However, the owners need to control this process a little and, if necessary, thin out such plantings.

In the event that the cornflower is affected by Fusarium (manifested by the appearance dark spots on the leaves), there is a possibility of treating this disease chemicals protection, namely by treating plants with foundationazole. However, many experts advise first to try to cope with the disease with slightly more environmentally friendly methods - sprinkle cornflower with ash or pour infusion based on fresh manure. To prepare the last composition, you will need three parts of mullein, as well as three parts of water. Infuse the remedy for three days. Such an infusion will help not only eliminate fungal diseases, but will also be a wonderful foliar top dressing for your plants.

It should be borne in mind that an excessive supply of nutrients to terry cornflowers can provoke yellowing of their foliage, as well as a deterioration in flowering.

In general, terry cornflower is extremely unpretentious plant. It can grow on fairly poor soil and without additional fertilizer at all, delighting the owners with flowering. But proper care behind this culture will make it a real decoration of your personal plot. Dilute a terry cornflower in the garden and let these flowers delight you!

Cornflower - herbaceous plant, bright and delicate flowers which not only became calling card meadows, fields, but also decoration of personal plots.

Growing these unpretentious flowers, gardeners give preference perennial varieties which are easy to breed on your own. In one place, a perennial cornflower can grow up to 10 years, although it is better to rejuvenate the bushes every 4 years. In this article, you can learn about what planting and caring for garden cornflowers is.

Kinds

The cornflower genus includes several hundred species that differ in structure, life expectancy (perennial, biennial or annual), colors. In addition to the traditional blue or purple flowers, there are pink, crimson, burgundy, orange, blue, yellow, white. The height of the plants also differs: from 25 cm (low-growing varieties) to 120 cm (tall varieties).

perennial garden varieties have distinguishing feature- their basal leaves grow in 2 stages. In the spring, young leaves appear, which remain on the branch until the end of August, and then dry up. And in the fall, new leaves grow and hold on until next spring.

Thus, perennial varieties - all year round with green basal leaves. The leaves of all types of culture are beautiful pinnate, often pubescent, which is why they seem to be silvered. Among perennials, the most notable are the following: Large-headed. Tall view - from 100 cm. Baskets of inflorescences with a diameter of 7 cm are yellow or light yellow. Large-headed cornflower is propagated by a piece of rhizome. Mountain. It has an average height - up to 60 cm, a powerful rhizome requires big square soil. June-August - the time of abundant flowering blue flowers. Flower baskets reach a diameter of 6 cm. This cornflower propagates by dividing the rhizome.

Lugovoi. Stem height up to 80 cm. Two types of leaves (lanceolate and ovate) are located on two levels. Flowers may be various shades- from pink to purple.

Bleached. It has a straight stem up to 60 cm tall. Flowers saturated color pink appear from June to the end of August. Even after flowering, the plant looks beautiful due to the lush greenery of the right spherical shape. Propagated by division of the rhizome. Pink. The straight, stable stem reaches a meter height. Inflorescences are small, solitary. Flowering time - June-July.

Seed selection

By the end of the season, the flowers begin to form a seed pod. To get high-quality seeds, you need to wait for the seed box to dry on the stem, then cut it off. Seeds can be stored as part of the box, or you can empty them. harvested seeds retain their properties for 3 years, after which the likelihood of high-quality seedlings is reduced.

When choosing seeds, you should pay attention to the manufacturer. According to professional gardeners, high-quality garden cornflowers can be obtained from the seeds of Novgorod or Novosibirsk breeders.

Landing

Cornflower perennial prefers to grow on sunny places, so this must be taken into account when landing. Experts recommend planting cornflowers in the spring, in mid-April. Any soil is suitable for cornflower except clay. Heavy earth will have to be diluted river sand, fertilize organic fertilizers, loosen before planting. Between single plants, you need to maintain a distance of 30-50 cm. The growth bud of the plant should be at ground level.

Worth considering! “The higher the stem, the greater the distance must be maintained between perennial bushes. With a dense planting, the plants stretch out, lose their decorative effect.

reproduction

Perennials can be propagated in several ways:

Seeds (sowing, self-sowing);
The division of adult bushes;
The division of the rhizome.

Growing from seeds begins from the end of April, when the soil warms up enough, on prepared, leveled beds or flower beds. Seeds are distributed evenly over the surface of the beds. Sprinkle the seeds on top thin layer soil mixed with sand. Crops are moderately moistened. Since uncontrolled self-seeding is possible after flowering, self-seeding seedlings that appear in spring are removed from the soil with an earthen clod and transplanted to a free permanent place. At autumn planting seeds are sown in October-November without shelter.

Cornflowers with a long taproot are propagated only by seeds, since they do not take root in other ways. Therefore, seeds are sown in autumn or spring, immediately after the snow melts. By dividing the bush, the culture is propagated at the end of August, but this procedure can also be carried out in the spring (end of April). mature plant dig with an earthen clod. Then they are lowered into a container of water to free the roots from the ground. The roots are shortened to push the plant to form new roots, buds. It is enough to shorten the roots to 10 cm. Then the bush is divided into parts so that each of them has a viable root and several strong shoots. Each part is seated in a place allotted in advance. To do this, prepare holes commensurate with the prepared seedlings and soak them with water. The next summer, the transplanted bush will already bloom.

Division of the root. The rhizome is cut into several parts. Each part should have a well developed kidney. Perennial varieties do without a transplant for a long time. They grow, develop, bloom profusely in one place for up to 10 years, but if necessary, they safely tolerate a transplant.

Care

The main advantage of garden cornflowers is unpretentiousness. They are unassuming as weather conditions and the composition of the soil. The necessary care for the plant comes down to watering, timely weeding, loosening the earth around the flower. Withered flowers are removed, thereby maintaining a well-groomed appearance of plantings. Cornflower, intended for cutting, requires fertilization twice a month. AT winter period plants do not need shelter.

Watering

Watering cornflowers should be moderate. This crop tolerates dry periods better than waterlogging. All types of cornflowers tolerate drought well, but blue cornflowers are the most drought-resistant.

top dressing

Twice a month it is recommended to feed flowers with complex mineral fertilizers. This will activate abundant flowering and green growth. To improve the wintering conditions of plants, autumn top dressing is allowed. She will help the flowers to endure the harsh winter conditions and temperature fluctuations in early spring, and will also ensure rapid growth and lush bloom summer.

Pest control

Fusarium is the most common disease of garden cornflowers, which is of fungal origin. Visually, its action is reflected in the leaves. They turn yellow and fall off. For a successful fight against the disease, it is recommended to cut off the affected foliage, and process the cut points. special tool purchased in specialized stores. It, penetrating into the cells of the plant, will stop the further development of the disease.

"Improves the quality of protection against fungal diseases of weeding."

Regular dusting of stems and leaves with crushed wood ash will help prevent the disease throughout the entire growth period.

Possible difficulties

Possible difficulties include prolonged rains in the summer season, leading to wetting of plant roots.

Conclusion

In horticulture, the primacy is invariably given to perennial varieties, as they are characterized by unpretentiousness, easy reproduction, and successful resistance to diseases and pests. Cornflowers are excellent in mixed landings. Undersized varieties suitable for edging flower beds, borders, mixborders, garden paths, and tall varieties are magnificent as plants of the second plan. Cornflowers surrounded by cereals are unusually good. Cornflowers are often used in plantings that mimic the meadow style, where they look especially good among yellow flowers. The main reasons for growing perennial cornflowers are:

No complicated maintenance.
Frost resistance, drought resistance.
Wide use in decorative plantings.
The duration of growth in one place is up to 10 years.

A lover of humid air and one of the most compact and rare orchids, pafinia is a real star for most orchid growers. Its flowering rarely lasts longer than a week, but it is an unforgettable sight. Unusual striped patterns on the huge flowers of a modest orchid want to be considered endlessly. In room culture, pafinia is rightly credited to the ranks of species that are difficult to grow. It became fashionable only with the spread of interior terrariums.

In 2014, the Japanese company Takii seed introduced a petunia with a striking salmon-orange petal color. By association with bright colors southern sunset sky, the unique hybrid was named African Sunset (“African Sunset”). Needless to say, this petunia instantly won the hearts of gardeners and was in great demand. But in the last two years, the curiosity has suddenly disappeared from shop windows. Where did the orange petunia go?

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Healthy vegetable soup red cabbage with celery, red onion and beets - a vegetarian soup recipe that can also be prepared on fast days. For those who decide to lose a few extra pounds, I advise you not to add potatoes, and slightly reduce the amount olive oil(1 tablespoon is enough). The soup turns out to be very fragrant and thick, and in fasting you can serve a portion of soup with lean bread - then it will turn out satisfying and healthy.

Beautiful, heavenly cornflowers adorn not only fields and meadows. Increasingly in private gardens and on summer cottages you can see these flowers that adorn their appearance all around. To date, there are a lot of varieties of this flower. Among which you can find flowers of white and pink, and not just blue shades.

But the most sought after annual variety plants called "Cornflower Terry". Growing Cornflower from seeds will not cause difficulties even for beginners, if you know when to plant a plant and how to care for it. These, but which will bloom for a long time.

Sowing dates

Cornflower terry: growing from seeds (photo) begins with the timing when planting a crop. Since this variety of cornflower is an annual, there is no need to grow seedlings, the plant can immediately be planted in open ground. But when is the best time to do it? Optimal timing for growing terry cornflowers from seeds, the end of April-beginning of May is considered, the time when the air has already warmed up enough for full growth, and the threat of sudden frosts has passed.

What to consider when growing from seeds

It is best to grow terry cornflower from seeds in a place that is under the sun. The flower prefers soil with good drainage, non-acidic. If you use alkaline soil, then there is a chance that the culture will bloom more intensively, and its flowers will be saturated, bright color. If the soil in the area is predominantly clay, then experienced gardeners recommends adding river sand to it.

And if the soil is very acidic, then it must be diluted with lime before you start growing terry cornflowers from seeds. Here it is important to take into account that liming must be done before the onset of winter, scattering lime with a centimeter layer on the soil surface. Beautiful flower.

Planting principles

To plant cornflowers, you need to prepare small beds for them. For everybody square meter you need to take a kilogram of peat and humus, one hundred grams of wood ash and a tablespoon of nitrophoska. After that, it is necessary to loosen the beds, digging the earth 5 centimeters deep. When the soil is loosened, you need to compact its top layer a little, and make small grooves. Before planting the seeds, the soil must be watered abundantly.

Only when the soil is sufficiently moistened can the seeds be sown in the prepared grooves. From above, the seeds are sprinkled with a centimeter layer of sifted earth. When the seeds are in the ground, they must be covered with a special covering material made of fabric. What else .

Next, you need to water the beds one more time. The presence of covering material should not be embarrassing, water must be poured directly on it, the necessary moisture will reach the plants in any case. Watering is carried out at intervals of two to three days, at least 2 liters of water are used for each square liter.

When the first sprouts appear, the covering material can be removed. Terry cornflowers: growing from seeds, the process is short. The first shoots will be noticeable in the garden after 7 days from the moment of landing in the ground. When all shoots are already visible, the strongest ones should be selected and left, observing the interval between flowers of 10-20 centimeters.

How to provide complete care

Proper planting of terry cornflower seeds in open ground is still half the battle on the way to growing flowers. He also needs minimal care.

A few days before flowering, terry cornflowers need to be fed. For this case, nitrophoska and urea are usually used. One canteen of each component is bred in 10 liters of water. The plant must be watered with this solution in order to provide it with all the necessary nutrients for growth. nutrients.

If the soil dries up, then watering terry cornflowers should be moderate. Also, during this period, it is better to abandon loosening the soil and removing weeds from the beds. If the soil is too wet, the cornflowers will begin to rot. Terry cornflowers are very unpretentious in their care. Two points should be carefully monitored: this is watering and loosening the soil (if the soil does not dry out).