Spring top dressing with manure. Spring plant nutrition: suitable fertilizers, norms, special cases

In the spring, along with the awakening of nature, summer residents also become more active, because the hot season is coming. To obtain good harvest in the fall, it is necessary from the beginning of the season to prepare the ground for future beds, picking up necessary fertilizers in the required quantities. At the same time, the needs of the crops with which they plan to plant the beds are taken into account. Experienced gardeners know how to feed the garden and how to do it right. A similar question arises, as a rule, for beginners who decide to master the science of growing vegetables and flowers on their site. The need to fertilize the land is dictated by the annual depletion of resources. If you do not enrich the soil with useful nutrients, then the yield will decrease every year.

Experts consider the spring season the most favorable time for applying all types of fertilizers to the soil: organic, necessarily pre-prepared, mineral, taken in strictly defined doses, as well as their mixtures. Start the procedure after the completion of the melting of the snow cover. Some amateur gardeners practice spreading top dressing over the snow, but with this method, the introduced substances can “float away” from the site along with melt water.

Fruit trees can be fed without waiting for the near-stem soil to completely thaw. Vegetable and flower crops are recommended to be fed immediately before planting. In order not to forget what fertilizers, where and when to apply, you need to make a plan in advance. In this case, all plants are guaranteed to receive the necessary trace elements in the optimal amount for their development.

When depositing funds, you cannot act on the principle: the more, the better. Because organic and minerals applied in excess can adversely affect the condition of the crops grown. Mineral and mixed top dressings require special care. When working with these types, you must follow the doses indicated on the label.

Organic top dressing: advantages and disadvantages

Organic include:

• manure or humus;
• bird droppings"
• peat;
• compost.

Organics, which loosen the soil perfectly, contain many useful trace elements. In the village, these fertilizers are in abundance in every farmstead, so they can be bought inexpensively. Considering that organic matter is applied once every three years, too much money will not be required for this. The best effect on soil fertility is humus (rotted manure), which is scattered over the site for three to four weeks before digging the earth and planting vegetables.

For spring application pre-prepared organic fertilizers are suitable for the soil. Decomposed manure, which has turned into humus in a couple of years, increases the fertility of the land many times

A ten-liter bucket of humus is distributed on one square meter of the garden, which can be replaced with peat or compost. Here's how to make your own compost:

Organic top dressing, in addition to obvious advantages, has a number of disadvantages, namely:

• some substances (fresh manure, bird droppings) can simply "burn" the roots of plants;
• a large number of funds that need to be delivered to the site and distributed with a lot of physical effort;
• the danger of infection with vegetable flies onions and carrots;
• problems with the search in the absence of nearby farms and personal farmsteads;
• strong specific odour.

There is also an interesting Mitlider method, more on the video:

Here is another video example independent production fertilizers:

Minerals - the key to high yields

It is easier to work with mineral fertilizers, as they are sold in concentrated form in all specialized stores. However, when calculating the volume of their introduction, special care must be taken. The dosages recommended by the manufacturers should be followed, depending on the needs of the crops grown in a particular place in the garden plot. Granular phosphorus and nitrogen supplements are applied in accordance with established norms into the soil in the spring just before digging it. In this case, useful trace elements will be in close proximity to the root system of plants. The recommended depth of the granules is approximately 20 cm.

Many gardeners are biased towards mineral nutrition, believing that "chemistry" is harmful to the earth and the plants growing on it. Of course, the structure of the soil does not improve from the introduction mineral resources. For this purpose, organic matter is needed. But plants get access to all the trace elements necessary for growth, such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Potassium-based preparations contribute to faster fruit ripening. Complex fertilizers, which include two or even three components, are able to satisfy the need of plants for all nutrients. Complex top dressings are available in the form of liquid or granules.

Mineral fertilizers in granules are applied in the spring in strictly defined doses to the soil, thereby providing the plants with all the necessary nutrients.

For ten square meters gardens in the spring usually make:

• 300–350 g of nitrogen supplements (ammonium nitrate, urea or urea);
• 250 g - phosphorus agents;
• 200 g - potassium substances that can be replaced with wood ash.

In summer, during intensive plant growth, top dressing is repeated, but the dose of all fertilizers is reduced three times.

Granular superphosphate is a universal nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer suitable for use on all types of soil. Provides nutrition for crops grown in the country or garden

Unlike organic fertilizers, mineral complexes must be applied to the soil annually. and funds for the acquisition mineral dressings must be distinguished from family budget more. Naturally, the return on investment will not have to wait long. In autumn, the site will delight you with a rich harvest, and flower crops will begin to bring aesthetic pleasure even earlier.

The problem of the need for seasonal fertilization in the spring is well known to every gardener or florist. At this time, plants are especially in need of nutrients and elements, because the growing season begins. The question arises: how to properly fertilize and how to fertilize the land if there is no manure.

When is the best time to fertilize the soil in spring?

That spring is considered the best time to fertilize different kind, is a fact proven by both science and practice. It is in spring that the active growth of plants begins. The rate of green mass recruitment, the formation of buds and, ultimately, the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the future crop depend on whether the plantings receive the necessary substances.

One way to apply fertilizer to the soil is at the time of soil preparation. . For example, manure or compost. If, in terms of its structure, the soil in a country house or a personal plot is light, then it is recommended to add mineral complexes to it. They are indicated for early application and in areas flooded with melt water. If mineral fertilizer is applied to autumn months, then most of the micro and macro elements will be washed out by the flood. The advantage of this method is the distribution of useful substances over the entire depth of digging or plowing.

Another way to apply any fertilizer in the spring is shortly before or just before planting. For this, the funds are placed in dug holes or spilled with a solution of the beds after planting the seeds.

Some gardeners do not wait for the snow to melt and the soil to thaw, spreading fertilizer directly on the snow cover over the surface. But at the same time there is a risk that substances will be carried away by melt water. The exception is fruit trees in the garden, having an extensive root system. Even if fertilizers are transferred a couple of meters, most likely, some of them will "get to their intended purpose." For this, fertilizers are distributed over the snow cover around the tree trunk.

In order not to get confused when and how much fertilizer was applied, you can make a plan on paper, marking each top dressing. So every culture will get required amount both mineral and organic matter.

How to fertilize the soil with ash (video)

How to properly fertilize the land with manure

But at misuse it brings more harm than benefit. It is dangerous to introduce fresh manure, especially mixed with straw. It may contain weed seeds and even pathogens in plants. If you feed vegetables - tomatoes or cucumbers - with fresh manure, then for about a month they will experience a nitrogen deficiency, which will adversely affect the growth rate and yield. Therefore, the fertilizer must be rotted.

Most often, fertilization is carried out at the stage of preparing the soil for planting. In this case, the soil is dug up and at the same time fertilizers are applied (for example, manure or compost). He will highlight needed by plants items for several years. But the value of fertilizer is reduced if left on the surface of the earth, because most of the substances from the composition will evaporate into the air.

When the manure is spread over the surface of the soil with a pitchfork, the fertilizer should be planted into the ground as soon as possible. But the depth should not be too great to make it easier for plants to get food. Optimal Distance embedding - the height of the shovel blade. So ordinary digging will be enough. Moreover, if you re-dig up the earth after 7-10 days, then the rate of decomposition of manure will increase, and it will release more useful substances in the coming season.

Another method of using manure is in the form of slurry. She is watering the plantings. For proper preparation, it is necessary for the slurry to ferment for at least 2 weeks. After that, it is diluted by half with water. To enhance the effect, you can add superphosphate fertilizer.

What fertilizers do houseplants need in spring

Most indoor plants, as with garden or garden crops, vegetation begins, that is, active growth. The exception is some species that prefer to develop and bloom in winter: for example, Decembrists and cyclamens. Their feeding, on the contrary, must be reduced.

Both organic and mineral substances are useful for the inhabitants of the window sill. Therefore, it is possible to alternate the application different types fertilizer, based on the needs of certain species.

So, decorative leafy plants need a lot of nitrogen, and flowering plants need phosphorus. But, for example, hibiscus does not tolerate phosphorus, because in its homeland this substance is contained in the soil in a minimal amount. Orchids and their closest relatives love minerals diluted in high concentrations. Therefore, before you start feeding, you need to read about the features of the species.

The easiest option is to buy ready-made fertilizer in the store. The assortment allows you to choose a remedy for each flower.

Many indoor plant lovers enjoy " folk remedies", and their experience shows that the result of such dressings is no worse than from purchased ones. chemicals. The use of ground banana peel has become popular. It will be useful to use granulated sugar rich in glucose, or crushed eggshell . Can be bought at a pharmacy succinic acid, which increases the resistance of plants to diseases and stimulates growth.

Soil fertilizer varieties (video)

How can you fertilize the land if there is no manure

It is not always possible to use manure for fertilizer. How do plants get the necessary substances? There are other means that can give planting the right nutrition.

Alternative types of organic fertilizers

Although manure is the most popular organic animal fertilizer, several other products are of equal value and can be used in growing plants. For example, This:

1. Compost, which is rotted plant or animal (chicken manure) remains. In practice, it is most often made from weeds, household waste, such as potato peelings, hay, old fruits, etc. The compost is kept for at least 3 months. This time is necessary for microorganisms to process raw materials into nutritious humus. The introduction of such a fertilizer significantly increases the fertility of the soil and improves its structure.
2. siderates- green manure. These are plants that are sown for the purpose of subsequent incorporation into the soil. Rotting in the soil, they release substances and elements for further nutrition of plantings. Siderates include leguminous plants, cereals and cruciferous. The use of mustard is popular.
3. Adding to the soil peat, ash, sawdust, silt also improves soil fertility.

The basic principle of all these universal species organic fertilizers - decomposition in the soil into substances suitable for easy assimilation by plants. Them undoubted advantage is the absence of chemicals.

What mineral fertilizers to apply to the soil in spring

All mineral fertilizers can be divided into simple, which include one main element, and complex. It is necessary to choose a product for spring use depending on the crop for which it is used. will be used:

1. nitrogen fertilizers contribute to the set of green mass. They are useful for greens, cabbage, etc. These are urea, ammonium nitrate.
2. potash fertilizers stimulate the growth of the root system, so they need to fertilize the soil intended for growing root crops. The most effective is potassium chloride (contains 60% of this element).
3. Phosphorus affects the taste, weight, size and number of fruits. They need to fertilize berry crops, tomatoes, legumes, etc. For example, superphosphate is such a fertilizer.

It is important to remember that an excess of elements is also harmful to plants. Therefore, you need to follow the dosages indicated on the fertilizer packaging.

Complex fertilizers for spring feeding of horticultural and horticultural crops

To complex fertilizers include nitroammophoska, diammophos, potassium nitrate and others. They contain several elements at once in different percentages in the composition. They must be selected individually. Yes, in potassium nitrate potassium prevails - 46%, and nitrogen - only 13%. This fertilizer is ideal for potatoes or root crops.

The use of complex mineral fertilizers has important advantages. First, there is no need to independently calculate the number of percent individual elements for feeding. Secondly, their use in practice is not difficult. Yes, and the yield is significantly increased. But when working with mineral fertilizers, safety measures must be observed: many of them are toxic and even explosive.

Early spring is a hot time for summer residents. With the first rays of the sun, they rush to their plots to prepare the garden for the summer season: remove last year's foliage and debris, whitewash trunks, cut trees, and treat them from insects. During this period, the foundations of the future harvest are laid: it is necessary to select and apply fertilizers for the garden and garden in the spring, when the earth is most receptive to organic and mineral fertilizing.

Features of spring fertilizer

Spring is the most crucial period and the most auspicious time to fertilize the soil. At the start, plants especially need nutrients ah to stimulate their rapid growth and development. It is very important to correctly select garden fertilizers in order to properly start the mechanism of interaction between plants and microorganisms living in the soil. Garden fertilizer in spring saturates the earth useful substances that will feed it until the fall. After the snow has melted, you can immediately start feeding fruit trees. Flowers and vegetable crops it is best to process immediately before planting.

You need to start fertilizing yourself in early spring

Fertilizers for the garden and the garden are of organic and mineral origin, as well as combined top dressing. The choice of one or another means depends on the condition of the soil, varieties of vegetable and horticultural crops, and, of course, on the preferences of the gardener himself. The main principle here is not to overdo it, because an excess of fertilizers can also adversely affect plants, as well as their lack. An excess of organic matter of animal origin can cause infection of plants by a fungus. You should also be careful with mineral compositions and strictly follow the instructions when using them.

organic fertilizers

Organic fertilizers include manure, peat, bird droppings, ash, compost. They are not absorbed by plants on their own, their main mission is different - to stimulate the activity of microorganisms that are in the ground: bacteria, fungi, worms, which, as a result of their vital activity, improve the condition and quality of the soil.

Undoubtedly, manure is one of the most popular organic fertilizers, but there are certain limitations in its use: it cannot be applied fresh. Cow dung is collected in a heap, covered with a layer of peat about 20 cm and left in this form for the whole summer so that it rots. Horse before use should lie down for no more than three weeks, if left for a longer period, it may burn out. Experts recommend adding mineral fertilizers to it: for 100 kg - 2 kg of superphosphate. It is useful to apply this composition to the soil every two years.

Manure saturates the soil with useful substances

This is a very valuable fertilizer. It contains more beneficial substances that are favorable for soil microflora than manure, and in terms of reaction speed it surpasses mineral compositions. Chicken manure is considered the best, which contains many minerals and biologically active substances, but they do not withstand long-term storage and evaporate quickly. For 1.5 months of "lying" in a pile, the litter loses a significant part of the nutrients. To avoid this, it is often composted or dried. For autumn or spring digging, fertilizer is applied at the rate of 250 g per 1 sq. m of land.

Bird droppings are great for basic feeding

Ash

wood ash- an excellent organic fertilizer with a high content of minerals that are easily absorbed by plants. It can be stored for years without losing its useful properties. It is poured when planting a plant in a hole along with compost and manure. The soil fertilized in this way does not need additional fertilizing and will nourish the plant with useful substances for several years.

Wood ash is used for root and foliar dressings.

Mineral fertilizers

Mineral fertilizers for garden flowers and garden crops help plants survive the winter, not get sick and bring a good harvest. They are phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium.

Phosphate fertilizers

Phosphorus is necessary for plants to form a strong root system, it also contributes to the formation flower buds and fruits. The most popular phosphate fertilizers are superphosphate and phosphate rock. For quick absorption, it is best used in liquid form. Before application, the fertilizer is soaked in water for 72 hours. Superphosphate is an excellent fertilizer for hydrangeas and other flower crops. It is recommended to add it when planting, as well as during the formation of buds.

Superphosphate is produced in the form of large granules

nitrogen fertilizers

All types of nitrate (calcium, ammonia, potassium, sodium), urea (urea) and azofoska are suitable for spring garden fertilizer. They can be used both in liquid and dry state. For watering seedlings and spraying foliage in spring, 10 g of ammonium nitrate is diluted in 10 liters of water. Dry nitrogen mixtures applied in the spring stimulate rapid foliage growth. Under trees and shrubs, they must be applied twice: in spring, immediately after the snow melts, and at the beginning of summer. For acidic soil sodium and calcium nitrate are best suited, and ammonium sulfate is used for clay.

Nitrogen fertilization enhances plant growth and development

Potassium increases the vitality of plants, helps them fight pests and survive in difficult conditions. weather conditions: frosts and droughts. It is necessary to introduce potash fertilizers into the soil or spray plants regularly, because. they are quickly washed away by rain. This top dressing is best absorbed when mixed with phosphorus fertilizers.

Potash compatible with all types of fertilizers

biological fertilizer

Homeopathic fertilizer developed by St. Petersburg scientists " healthy garden"is an excellent addition to organic and mineral top dressings. It increases the resistance of horticultural crops to many diseases, fungi and pests, clears nitrates, and prevents the accumulation of pesticides that have entered the soil. It is especially recommended for gardeners whose plots are located near the highway. "Healthy Garden" is sold in the form of granules, which are diluted in water in the ratio: 2 pieces per liter of water. The composition can be watered or sprayed on both young and perennials.

Fertilizer "Healthy garden" protects plants from pests and diseases

Every summer resident knows: the more care and attention he pays to his garden in the spring, the greater the confidence that a good harvest awaits him in the summer. Spring garden fertilizer plays a key role in this. But in everything you need to follow the measure, choose fertilizers in accordance with the type of soil, follow the instructions for using the preparations, and then you will have an excellent result.

Video: chemical fertilizers

Spring is the time for the awakening of plants from a state of deep winter dormancy, the beginning of active vegetation. All inhibited metabolic processes are activated, rapid growth begins, and the symbiosis between plants and soil organic matter resumes. All this requires effective assistance to restore strength and harmonious interaction, therefore, fertilization comes to the fore among spring activities on the site.

Mineral and organic compounds are used for spring soil nutrition. Types and types of dressings are chosen independently, based on the requirements of the soil, the characteristics of the crops grown and other subjective factors. In some cases, a reserve of a narrow group of fertilizers is required, but sufficient agrotechnical experience is required to determine these shortages. Therefore, in most cases, competent combination and use of ready-made complexes of mineral supplements and the introduction of available organic matter are successfully practiced.

Optimal timing of spring feeding

Procedures for spring soil fertilization can be divided into three conditional groups: on melted snow, before digging and immediately before planting crops. Consider the positive and negative nuances of each method.

Beginning of snow melt

The method is easy and fast, but ineffective. It is usually used where autumn work has not been carried out.

Distributing any type of fertilizer over the snow that has not yet melted is considered impractical due to the fact that most of them will be washed off the site along with melt water. The exception is fruit trees, which can be fertilized even before the snow has completely melted into the trunk circle.

The method is not suitable for organic! Only minerals can be added in this way.

When preparing the land for sowing

Return with this method is considered maximum. There is a sufficient margin of time for the dissolution of granular formulations and uniform distribution in the soil. root system plants receive nutrition at the most important time- first growing season literally "at the start".
The disadvantage is the higher labor intensity, since all fertilizers applied must be necessarily covered with soil.

Under landing

For some crops (vegetable, flower) this method is preferred.

It has two disadvantages - the danger of overdose and the required time for high-quality dissolution and distribution in the ground (increased for granular preparations). The advantage is the possibility of using mechanized methods.

Adjustment for autumn events

Recommendations for soil enrichment in the post-winter period should be followed, taking into account some last year's factors, this will save money and correctly calculate the rates of applied fertilizers.

• Crop rotation should be taken into account, i.e. previous crops grown on this bed last year. Some of them not only do not take certain nutrients from the soil, but are also able to improve soil characteristics in the course of their life activity (green manure plants). For example, legumes enrich the soil with nitrogen, and lupine changes the acidic soil indicators to more neutral ones.
• Autumn feeding. If the site was fertilized during autumn digging, then the amount of spring fertilizers decreases.
• It should be noted that nitrogen is washed out during the spring flood, and potassium tends to accumulate over time.

organic fertilizers

A common drawback of organics is the significant volume required, as well as the fact that its rate is difficult to calculate with accuracy. An overabundance is no less harmful and leads to a decrease in yield. Consider the most popular types, their advantages over other organics and disadvantages.

Manure

Pros:

• It has a long-term positive effect (up to 4 years).
• Includes an almost complete set of healing components to increase the yield of most crops.
• Universal in terms of soil - suitable for all soils.

Minuses:

• Presence of weed seeds and often pest larvae.
• Smells bad.
• Many plants are hypersensitive to it.
• It is not recommended to use for fruit-bearing plants of early ripening.
• Not suitable for embedding directly on planting.

Humus

Advantages:

• Almost completely able to replace mineral preparations.
• Contains live nutrient microorganisms.
• It can be used in greenhouses and for home seedlings.
• Suitable as mulch.

Flaw:

• Requires long preparation.

bird droppings

Pros:

Minuses:

• Can burn plants, requires great care when used neat.
• In terms of nutritional value, the composition is significantly inferior to chemical complexes.

Compost

Advantages:

• It has a wide variety of nutritional composition.
• You can cook it yourself (no animal waste products required).
• In a rotted form, it is a substitute for mineral top dressing.

Flaw:

• Like all organics, it requires a long cooking time and large volumes.

Peat

Pros:

• Improves the quality of soil structures.
• Increases the amount of humus.
• Promotes rapid heating of the soil.

Minuses:

• Requires the addition of lime.

In addition, sawdust, green mixtures, ash, etc. are used for fertilizer and mulching.

In too wet spring and in lowland areas, it is better to apply dry types of top dressing. It should also be remembered that an excess of organic matter can provoke fungal diseases.

Mineral fertilizers

In the post-winter time, they are selected depending on the composition of the soil and the need individual crops. Among the suitable group, it is recommended to give preference to ready-made balanced complexes marked "spring".

nitrogenous

What well:

• Effective for any soil.
• They have good solubility.
• Fast delivery of nutrients to the root system of plants.
• Contribute to the growth of green mass.

What is wrong:

• Washes out quickly in well-drained (e.g. sandy) soils.

Nitrogen fertilizers require special quantity control. After incorporation on dry soils require mandatory watering!

Phosphoric

What well:

• They help rapid regeneration of damaged plant tissues.
• Contribute to the development of the root part.
• Improve flowering, increase the number of ovaries, productivity.
• Do not wash out.

What is wrong:

• They have low solubility and, as a result, slow delivery to the root system.

potassium

They are considered effective and necessary, increase resistance to wintering, drought, diseases. Improve moisture absorption and photosynthesis. Increase the yield weight. In cool weather, it is recommended to apply in small doses. Usually combined with phosphorus.

Organo-mineral

They are combinations of mineral compounds with a concentrate organic components and are recognized as one of the best in modern agricultural technology. Available in granules. The disadvantages include the high cost and lack of this stage in mass sale.

Bacterial fertilizers

A relatively new group of environmentally friendly drugs with live bacteria. They do not contain nutrients, but improve biochemical processes, and can be considered as an additional yield booster. It has a short shelf life due to the content of live bacteria.
applied to the soil along with planting material. The most famous are azotobacterin, iphosphorobacterin, rhizotorfin, nitragin.

Recommendations for spring feeding of various crops

The description of the needs of various plants for fertilizers is advisory in nature, since they depend on many factors, but reflect a general trend and should be taken into account.

For root crops, emphasis should be placed on phosphorus compounds, cabbage and leafy greens need nitrogen more than others. fruit and berry trees, tomatoes, cucumbers and strawberries are very responsive to potassium.
If the culture does not show obvious signs of a lack of one or another element in the soil, it is better to give preference to complex ready-made formulations.

The rule “more is better” does not work here. An excess of nutrition both in spring and throughout the season can adversely affect the well-being of plants and their productivity.

Common mistakes in spring feeding

Consider the most common mistakes allowed by gardeners.

• The introduction of increased doses, due to which plants poorly absorb other useful components.
• Failure to meet deadlines. If top dressing is applied too early, especially on snow that has not melted to the end, it will right time little remains. Conversely, some fertilizers, such as manure, cannot be applied at the same time as planting seedlings or seeds.
• Use of expired complexes. Of course the earth is not human body, an expired drug will not harm her, but the point of this is best case there won't be any.
• Uneven backlog, due to which areas with an excess and with a lack of useful substances are formed.

It is better for novice summer residents to opt for ready-made complexes, compiled specifically for different groups plants (vegetables, flowers, fruit trees and shrubs, etc.). For the most popular vegetables (tomatoes, cucumbers, etc.), separate complex preparations are available for sale. These are the most easy-to-use and balanced compositions that will become a win-win option for spring top dressing for most summer cottages.

As soon as spring comes, summer residents get to work. So that autumn harvest was good, it is necessary to prepare the soil for the beds in early spring. Fertilizers for giving in the spring are selected depending on which crop will be planted. The soil on which plants are constantly grown weakens every year, therefore it needs annual fertilizer. If this is not done, a good result may not be seen.

What fertilizers are needed in the spring for the garden and when to apply them?

Spring - the best time to fertilize the soil. It is necessary to apply all types of fertilizers to the ground:

• organic,
• minerals in the right doses,
• various mixtures.

You can start fertilizing your garden in the spring as soon as the snow melts. Many people also apply fertilizer on top of the snow, so that when the snow melts, it draws nutritious top dressing into the soil. But in some cases it is useless, fertilizers float away with the snow.

When fertilized land plot, you can not overdo it, everything should be in moderation. If you overdo it where it is extremely impossible to do this, the plants will die. Care must be taken with mineral fertilizers and mixed feeds.

What fertilizers for the garden and vegetable garden should be applied in the spring from organic matter

• compost,
• humus,
• bird droppings,
• peat,
• wood ash,
• onion peel,
• peel of fruits and vegetables,
• eggshell.

Some types of nutrient mixtures must be started in the fall so that they are ready in the month of May.

To prepare compost for spring it is necessary to provide a high temperature in compost pit, it is at high temperature that plant residues decompose and turn into a nutrient mixture.

Prepare the compost in a garden composter, sheltered from the wind and protected from the sun. Branches or straw are placed down to allow air to enter from below. Over the summer, the garden composter is filled with tree foliage, garden tops, mowed grass, and household food leftovers. Stack everything thin layers, alternating the green layer with something dry straw or paper. Under no circumstances should the compost be compacted.

Then cover from above from the rain and mix several times. For speedy maturation, add a little while stirring garden soil or plants with a high nitrogen content. During dry periods, the compost must be watered. Compost is prepared for 6 - 8 months.

It should be understood that compost in its pure form is not a medium for growing plants. Compost is natural remedy to restore soil structure. Organic fertilizer of this kind contains many microorganisms and natural substances.

Spring fertilizer for the garden

Almost all vegetable crops require organic fertilizers. Consider what kind of fertilizer to apply in the spring for various vegetables.

Under potatoes you can apply fertilizer for summer cottages in the spring:

• pointwise, half a shovel of humus and a quarter of a shovel of wood ash are brought into each hole when planting potatoes;
• continuous introduction of humus or compost in bulk throughout the site.

Under carrots, onions, garlic, beets organic fertilizers should be applied to the soil in the spring in a continuous way - spreading over the garden, and then digging it up. Organic matter is added a couple of days before planting.

For growing cucumbers in open field they prepare special warm raised breasts, where humus or even manure is placed in the spring (only cucumbers can cope with fresh manure) and dry straw. Sprinkle soil on top of the bed, and then plant cucumbers. The humus will melt and heat the soil, and cucumbers need only this, they grow very well in warmth.

Under the tomatoes prepare a special bed with the introduction of peat and loamy soil mixed with manure. During the entire time of growing a tomato, you need to constantly make top dressing, including mineral.

Strawberry grows in one place for 3-4 years and depletes the soil very much, so you need to know exactly what fertilizers to apply to the soil in spring under strawberries. As a rule, these are mixed fertilizers of organic and mineral supplements. In the spring for strawberries, you need to dilute a tablespoon of ammonium sulfate in a 10-liter bucket of water and add half a liter of mullein. water it down liquid fertilizer beds. Also, after cleaning the beds from old foliage and loosening the row spacing, dry humus is introduced and mixed with the soil.

Spring fertilizer for the garden

Fruit trees can be fertilized while the snow has not completely gone, and flowers and vegetables can be fertilized before planting. In order not to miss anything and apply all the fertilizers, a plan is drawn up in advance, where they prescribe what fertilizers to apply in the spring, and then what has already been done is simply crossed out. And the plants will get everything they need, and the gardener will have less headache.

Usually fertilizers for the garden in the spring are applied to the near-stem circles of trees and shrubs. They first dig up the trunk circles, very carefully so as not to damage the roots, and then mix the earth with organic fertilizers and mineral fertilizers.

For cherries and plums The best spring fertilizer in spring is compost, rotted manure, but they need to be fed every 3-4 years. Also in the spring it is good to add 20 g of urea or 30 g of ammonium nitrate, diluted in 10 liters of water, spending 5 liters per tree, starting from the 3rd year of planting. Such nitrogen fertilizers for giving in the spring for cherries and plums are applied a year later.

From organic matter, cherries are buried in near-stem circles onion peel and eggshell.

Love apples and pears- nitrogen-containing spring top dressing. Nitrogen stimulates the growth of new branches. For 1 tree you need:

• urea - 500-600 gr;
• ammonium nitrate and nitroammofska - 30-40 gr each;
• humus - about 5 buckets.

Fertilizers need to be applied not only under the tree, but also at a distance to the perimeter of the crown. Trees have an extensive root system.

For raspberries, currants, gooseberries- fertilizers are applied in the second year after planting, if landing pit was well cooked and contained a large amount of nutrients. The soil around the circle is enriched with nitrogen and organic fertilizers. The norm of organic matter per bush is 10–15 kg of humus.

If a fruit bushes fertilized with humus in the spring or autumn of the previous year, then mineral nitrogen fertilizer does not need to be applied.

Pros and cons of organic fertilizers.

Organic fertilizers are considered the most useful for the garden and, as a rule, these are:

• Manure or manure.
• Bird droppings.
• Peat.
• Compost.

Organics well loosens the soil, contains useful trace elements. There is a lot of such fertilizer in the villages, they sell it inexpensively. Application of organic fertilizers in the spring to the soil is recommended every year, but in the right amount.

Disadvantages of organic fertilizer for the garden.

• Some types of organic garden fertilizers are too concentrated, such as bird droppings, and if applied in excess, they burn the roots of plants.
• Fertilizing a garden in the spring takes time and a lot of effort. Carry carts with manure or humus garden plot and only men can scatter it in the garden plot.
• It is problematic with the acquisition - it is not always possible to find exactly the fertilizer that you want.
• Bad smell from fresh manure or freshly prepared herbal tinctures.

Mineral fertilizers are sold in any specialty store. It is easier to work with them. The only negative is that you need to carefully monitor the dosage for each culture. Each gardener uses what he is sure of. Someone prefers only organic matter, while others do not have the desire to mess with it and choose mineral fertilizers.

With the onset of warm summer period- feeding is repeated, only the dosage for any plant is reduced by three times.

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