Phased feeding of tomatoes in the greenhouse with organic and complex fertilizers. How to feed tomatoes after planting

Tomatoes are one of the most popular crops in our country. That is why the question of how to feed the tomatoes after planting is quite relevant at the height of the summer season. Each gardener has their own approaches and tricks regarding fertilization, but which top dressings are the most effective? We offer to find out how to fertilize tomatoes.

Tomatoes respond very well to fertilizing in the form of complex fertilizers.

Feeding tomatoes after planting in open ground t

Tomatoes respond very well to fertilizing in the form of complex fertilizers. According to summer residents, immediately after the soil is enriched with nutrients, the leaves of the plant acquire saturated color, the stem becomes thicker, and the fruits grow large.

Experienced summer residents they begin to fertilize the area for planting tomato seedlings in the fall. It is enough to dig it up along with humus, manure, compost and ash. The introduction of ash is recommended in the spring. It is rich in potassium. Contains iron, zinc, magnesium, manganese and many other trace elements easily absorbed by the roots. To use ash as a complex mineral fertilizer, you need to evenly distribute about 400 grams of the substance per 1 sq. M.

After planting tomatoes in open field ash can be applied under the root along with chicken manure. This universal fertilizer prepared as follows: 1 kg of litter is poured into 3 liters of water and left to ferment for 3 days in the sun. The solution is recommended to mix from time to time. Later, 1 liter of fermented chicken manure is diluted in a bucket of water and 1 glass of ash is added to it. Everything is thoroughly mixed. Poured tomatoes under the root of 1 liter after wetting the beds with water.

Modern industry produces a large number of fertilizers for, which can be used both in the greenhouse and in the open field. The most popular root dressings include the following drugs:

How to feed tomatoes after planting in a greenhouse?

The fertilizer has some minor features. Experienced summer residents from Siberia, the Urals, and the Moscow region have rich experience in growing tomatoes in a greenhouse. Fertilizers for tomatoes are applied according to the following schedule:

1. 2 weeks after picking the seedlings and 7-10 days before transferring the seedlings to the greenhouse.
2. In a greenhouse, tomatoes need organic and mineral supplements during the flowering period.
3. In the midst of fruiting, thanks to complex fertilizers, the fruits will grow larger, and the number of fruits will please the summer resident.

Public fertilizers such as chicken manure, mullein, manure, and ash are suitable for feeding tomatoes in a greenhouse. You can use ready-made complex preparations. Here are some of them:

• Nitrophoska;
• Agricole;
• Azofoska;
• Kerama station wagon;
• Kemira;
• New ideal;
• Saltpeter calcium;
• Sodium humate + superphosphate.

How to fertilize tomatoes for fruit growth, video:

Want to know how to feed tomatoes after planting? Grow large and delicious tomatoes impossible on poor soil. In order for the tomato crop to be large, it is necessary to adhere to the recommendations regarding their fertilizer. And what do you feed tomatoes for growth and with what result? Share your experience with novice summer residents by leaving comments on the article.

The question of how to feed tomatoes after planting in the ground is natural, since this plant with a powerful root system belongs to a culture that is demanding on soil fertility and food quality. High yields of tomatoes are obtained by providing the plant with organic and mineral fertilizers.

To characterize the growth of plants, two basic concepts are used: "need" and "demanding". The need is characterized by the total removal of mineral nutrition elements from the soil for the entire growing season.

Tomato is a crop of medium removal, choosing about 400 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium per hectare of soil.

According to the second parameter, it also belongs to the demanding "middle peasants" who need large doses of the most significant fertilizers.

Its lack causes depletion of leaves, yellowness and drying out on the lower tiers. The veins of the leaves become bluish-red, the pulp of the fruit becomes tasteless, woody, and the fruits themselves become small. Without nitrogen, the plant is doomed to disease.

But most of all, a tomato needs phosphorus. The full supply of tomato with this element contributes to the formation of good ovaries, a strong root system, and the normalization of photosynthesis. If you feed the tomatoes with phosphorus fertilizers, then the harvest will delight you with full-fledged fruits with excellent palatability.

Fibrous, thin lignified stems, reddish-purple leaves, twisted and small fruits - this is how a tomato bush becomes with a lack of phosphorus. The deficiency of the element delays the flowering of the brush, the fruits become smaller, their ripening is delayed.

Its tasks are to activate enzymes, increase the resistance of tomatoes to diseases, and improve the supply of cells with water. It depends on him the flow of nitrogen into the plant and the increase in protein.

If the soil under the tomatoes is left without potash, then the leaves of the tomato turn into wrinkled and lifeless. Spots form on young leaves, giving them a bronze tint. The spots at the edges merge into solid line and then turn brown. The stems become thinner, the fruits lag behind in development, ripening unevenly and slowly.

In addition to the main dressings, tomatoes will need trace elements: calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum. But the deficit and excess of organic and mineral nutrition are equally unsafe for tomatoes, as well as the principle of “feeding what I have”.

Interchangeability of base fertilizers

Nothing else will replace nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, microelements for a plant. When discussing the interchangeability of fertilizers, they talk about their types, which have the same components in their composition, differing from each other only quantitatively. You need to feed the tomatoes based on the conversion indicators (i.e., the quantitative recalculation of the component).

Interchangeability of basic fertilizers:

Fertilizer	Basic foundation	Quantity	Quantitatively equal
Ammonium nitrate			0.75 kg of urea; 1.7 kg ammonium sulfate; 2.6 kg of nitrophoska.
Potassium chloride	potassium oxide	1 kg	1.35 kg of 40% potassium salt; 1.8 kg of 30% potassium salt; 1.1 kg of potassium sulfate; 4.5 kg of nitrophoska; 0.9-1 kg of potash; 2 kg of potassium magnesia; 8 kg of pine wood ash; 4 kg of birch wood ash; 17 kg of spruce wood ash.
Simple superphosphate in granules			0.4 kg of double superphosphate; 1.8 kg nitrophoska

Demanding soil fertility, the tomato grows well in areas filled with organic fertilizers:

• manure;
• slurry;
• peat;
• humus;
• chicken manure;
• compost.

When the land is manured, only phosphate and potash fertilizers need to be added. But for tomatoes that are hypersensitive to chloride compounds, it is preferable to use potassium sulfate.

Top dressing of tomatoes in the greenhouse

What fertilizers are required for greenhouse tomatoes? The choice depends on the cultivation method. It is possible to plant seeds immediately in the ground or initial planting in boxes and cups, followed by picking in the phase of the first true leaf. Without picking, you can grow seedlings in peat tablets with auxiliary additives of mineral fertilizers and growth stimulants, ensuring its successful development.

With a normal supply of soil mixture with nutrients, tomato seedlings do not require top dressing. With their shortage, 1-2 additional top dressings are used:

1. 10 days after the picking in 10 liters of water are mixed:

• ammonium nitrate - 15 g;
• potassium sulfate - 20 g;
• superphosphate - 40 g.

1. 10-12 days after the date of the first feeding or 5-7 days before planting in the same proportions.

Seedlings are transferred directly to the greenhouse soil at the age of 50-60 days in the presence of seven or eight leaves and the budding of the first flower brush. When planting a tomato, it is better to prepare the soil in the fall, adding 1 sq. m 2-6 kg of manure, 1-3 kg of compost, 10-15 g of potassium chloride, 50-70 g of superphosphate, or apply everything in the spring in the same proportions, but without calcium chloride.

After planting, tomatoes, even with a closed root system (from cups, pots, cubes), take root in a new place for 8-12 days. Therefore, during this period it is better not to touch them, creating sparing conditions, cover from the bright sun, water infrequently, but plentifully, because they love dry air and moist soil. Adult planted tomato seedlings, after it gets stronger, are fed three times with mineral elements or organic fertilizers.

Doses of fertilizers (in g per 10 l of water) by growing periods:

Organics are used in the form of an aqueous solution of mullein in a ratio of 1:8-10 or bird droppings in a ratio of 1:15-20. Feeding tomatoes with microelements, including ready-made ones, in soluble tablets and granules is best done by foliar (foliar) feeding using a sprayer or a regular watering can.

Top dressing with aqueous solutions of manganese sulfate (1 g per 1 liter of water), ammonium molybdate (0.2-0.3 g per 1 liter), boric acid (0.5 g per 1 liter) strengthens the bush, makes the stem, leaves powerful, promotes bond development. For some time after spraying, it is impossible to water so that the microelements are well absorbed into the leaves and stems of plants.

If the tomatoes were grown by direct planting in the ground and did not dive, they are simply thinned out, covering the moisture in free places with peat or humus mulch.

Top dressing of tomatoes in the open field

For open cultivation many varieties of tomatoes for various household purposes have been zoned in the country, but when planting tomatoes on household plots usually selected early ripe varieties. The quantity and content of nutrients is directly related here to the cultivation and fertility of the soil.

Organic fertilizers - semi-rotted manure, humus, compost - are usually applied for planting on insufficiently fertile lands. The main types of nitrogenous, phosphorus, potash fertilizers or their combination in the form of nitrophoska and ammophos are used. In combination with mineral elements, organic matter is applied in half doses. Effective for plants is the introduction of such mixtures into each planting hole: 300-350 g of humus with 7-10 g of superphosphate.

If, when preparing the soil in autumn or spring period mineral fertilizers were not used, it is necessary to feed the tomatoes after planting in the ground several times during the growing season of the bushes. Various sources recommend doing this every 2-3 weeks. But on fertile lands, two top dressings are enough when the bush has up to six true leaves, and during the period of fruit formation.

How to feed tomatoes after planting in the garden? Traditionally, 15-20 g of superphosphate is added to a bucket of mullein or bird droppings solution. This amount is enough for 10-12 plants.

Further top dressing is carried out with dry mineral fertilizers based on square meter:

• 10-15 g of ammonium nitrate;
• 20-30 g of superphosphate;
• 5-10 g of potassium salt.

Organic fertilizers are easy to apply into the furrows. When watering, they gradually saturate the soil with the necessary elements.

When the tomatoes begin to bloom, foliar top dressing is carried out:

• 0.01 -0.5% solution boric acid(0.1-0.5 g per 1 liter);
• 0.001-0.02% solution of molybdenum ammonium (0.01-0.2 g per 1 liter);
• 0.03-0.05% solution of manganese sulfate or zinc sulfate (0.3-0.5 g per 1 liter).

For each square meter of area, 0.1 l of solution is used. The most suitable time for such a "recharge" is evening or just cloudy (not rainy) weather. Falling on the leaves nutrients quickly absorbed by plants and contribute to accelerated growth and quality harvest. You can combine such top dressing with spraying tomatoes with substances that prevent the development of bacterial diseases.

Tomatoes are hardy plants and they are easy to care for. But, like any plant, tomatoes need to be fed during growth. They need proper watering, good soil, fertilizers. Only then will the plants flourish, provide you with a good harvest. There are a lot of fertilizers for tomatoes in special stores., but before starting to fertilize the crop, it is worthwhile to do a soil analysis in advance, to determine the plant's need for nutrients.

The amount of fertilizer supplements needed by tomatoes increases with their growth. Proper feeding- the main condition for the correct development of tomatoes. They won't be able to give good harvest if they are not given food in right time.

What fertilizers are required for tomatoes? As already mentioned, for the growth of culture and obtaining high yield required proper nutrition. Top dressing provides tomatoes with the necessary nutrients that they lack in the soil. The best fertilizers for tomatoes are:

• The compost at the top of the soil is often used as a natural fertilizer. The nutrients contained in it not only increase yields, but also prevent diseases that affect plant growth.
• Nitrogen is the most important constituent of all nutrients. It is found in most balanced fertilizers. But for tomato, excess nitrogen in the fertilizer should be avoided, as this can lead to an increase in the mass of green foliage and a decrease in the number of fruits on the plant.
• Phosphorus as a top dressing is essential for healthy tomato growth. Also, thanks to phosphorus, fruit ripening occurs faster, and they acquire bright color, grow up big size are not subject to disease.
• Potassium is required for good growth tomato and helps it in the process of photosynthesis. Potassium deficiency makes plants weak, small, prone to disease.

Tomatoes: the first dressing after planting (video)

Other nutrients such as iron, copper, zinc, magnesium and manganese in large quantities found in most fertilizers. Although these substances increase plant growth, they do not need as much nitrogen or potassium.
Another point to keep in mind! Fertilizers, which are gradually used by tomatoes, can only be mixed with the soil when the seeds are planted. After planting, you should pay attention to other top dressing.

Organic fertilizers for vegetables are made by mixing biodegradable compounds, such as compost from cut grass and other organic waste. Such fertilizers are a favorite for those involved in organic farming.

Folk dressing recipes

Consider the most popular of them.

Name of top dressing	Recipe	Mode of application	Result
onion peel	Soak in 1 liter of boiling water onion peel, insist 24 hours, strain	The solution is applied under the roots of plants, you can spray the foliage	The tool helps tomatoes cope with diseases, saturates the soil with microelements
Manure	Half a bucket of manure is taken, filled with water, infused for 7 days	0.5 l of infusion is poured under the bush, previously diluted with water in a ratio of 1 to 10	Improved tomato growth
blue vitriol	Add 1 tbsp to a bucket of water. l. vitriol	The mixture should be added to spray bottles and sprayed on the foliage.	Phytophthora protection
Eggshell	Grind the shell, pour boiling water, after the water has cooled, you can start feeding	You can feed adult tomatoes and seedlings	It has a general strengthening effect on all nightshade
Milk serum	In 1 bucket of water, dissolve 1 liter of serum, add 20 drops of iodine	Under the bush, 1 liter of infusion	Soil disinfection, protection of tomatoes from late blight, acceleration of fruit ripening
Iodine	Dissolve 4 drops of iodine in 10 liters of water	Pour one and a half liters of funds under the bush	It is used as a prevention of fungus, promotes an increase in the mass of fruits
fermented grass	Dandelion and nettle are poured into a large barrel in equal parts, manure (1 bucket) is added, everything is poured with water, left for 2 weeks. After that, remove upper part- everything that has surfaced. Add a pack of "Humate +7"	1 liter of solution is dissolved in a bucket of water, 3 liters of infusion are poured under a tomato bush	Gives a complex effect

The best store-bought fertilizers

Complex purchased fertilizers are also suitable for seedlings and adult plants. They are sold in special stores or via the Internet. Most the best remedies for top dressing, which should be made for tomatoes:

• Kemira Universal-2;
• calcium nitrate;
• Nitroammophos;
• Nitrophoska.

The composition of the presented funds contains useful elements that have already been collected specifically for tomatoes. This means that the substances will act purposefully and give a good result.

How and when to fertilize correctly

Whether you are going to use fertilizers in tablets or other forms, they must be timely and well balanced. Also, do not oversaturate the soil. useful substances- it will not benefit the plants.

The first top dressing after planting tomatoes in the soil is to water the crop " green tea"- this is an infusion of grass, ash, mullein. The next top dressing is carried out after 2 weeks. For her they take minerals that are diluted with water. Under each bush of tomatoes, it will be necessary to add about a liter of the mixture

In the process of flowering tomatoes in cups, you can add st. l. sulfate, some mullein and bird droppings. Then one cup is added to 10 liters of water, and this solution is used to feed.

If a organic fertilizers no, you can use nitrophoska. In this case, it is recommended to add 3 g of potassium permanganate to the liquid top dressing or blue vitriol.

After the formation of the ovary, it is worth fertilizing with a solution consisting of 10 g of boric acid and wood ash- for 10 liters of water 2 liters of the substance. To increase fruiting, a mixture of 1 liter of sodium humate, a bucket of water, 2 tbsp. l. superphosphate. And to improve the fertility of the soil, it should be fed with a composition of peat, manure and loam.

How to fertilize tomatoes (video)

Top dressing is an important part in caring for tomatoes. They allow plants to develop better and faster. But in order for the result to be effective, it is necessary to make them in a timely manner and in the prescribed amount.

If the tomato bushes look healthy, then most likely they have enough of all the basic substances. If they appearance deviates from the norm, it can be assumed that they are missing something. What exactly? How to determine?

Phosphorus deficiency
This element is necessary for tomatoes for the normal development of the root system and stability in a changing climate. The acquisition of a trunk and leaves of a purple hue will tell about its lack.
Phosphate fertilizers: superphosphate, phosphate rock, potassium monophosphate.

The lack of phosphorus on tomatoes after planting in a greenhouse manifests itself purple tint haulm

Lack of nitrogen
Nitrogen is involved in the regulation of tomato growth and fruit formation. Its lack instantly leads to a halt in plant growth. Yellowing lower leaves and lighter upper leaves are another visible sign of nitrogen deficiency. However, an excess of this substance leads to too active development of tops and low quality fruits.
Nitrogen fertilizers: urea, saltpeter, manure, compost.

The lack of nitrogen will affect the tomatoes by lightening the foliage

Potassium deficiency
This element affects the development of fruits, as well as the stability of the culture in adverse conditions and with the activation of pests. The lack of this element is expressed by variegation, as well as a bluish tint of leaves and their folding down.
Potash fertilizers: potassium salt, potassium sulfate, ash, potassium sulfate.

If the tomatoes in the greenhouse look like this, most likely they do not have enough potassium.

Other anomalies in the development of tomatoes may suggest that they lack calcium, magnesium, zinc, or another element. Since it is almost impossible to accurately determine this, it is worth watering the tomatoes in the greenhouse with a complex tool with a multicomponent composition.