Fuchsia room: reproduction at home. Growing fuchsia from seeds

How to care for fuchsia

Fuchsia belongs to unpretentious indoor plants and is often grown in the summer in the garden or on the balcony. Indeed, the flowering of fuchsia is an impressive sight. Like a ballerina in a graceful skirt, she demonstrates her brilliant outfit. Against the background of rich green leaves, buds of white, pale pink, red or purple. Their long stamens with a pistil emerge from a cup-tube, decorated with a corolla-skirt - this makes the flower look so much like an elegant dancer. You can admire the lovely dance from year to year, for this it is important to know what kind of fuchsia care is needed and follow these rules.

Illumination and temperature

The plant of mountain rainforests - fuchsia, loves moderate temperature, a lot of diffused light and humidity, and they must be provided in the first place.

Optimum temperature for her, even in summer, it should not exceed + 20 + 22 °. At temperatures above + 25 °, the plant will begin to drop leaves and buds, and may even fade. Therefore, more often fuchsia is placed in partial shade, where the temperature is not so high.

A lover of light, fuchsia does not tolerate direct sunlight, especially its varieties with light or dark purple flowers. From this, it is better to place the plant on the northeast and northwest windows, and in summer - on balconies oriented in the same direction.

Outdoor air is an important factor in the successful flowering of fuchsia. Caring for this indoor plant involves moving it to a balcony or terrace for the summer. Increasingly, fuchsia is grown exclusively as a garden plant. On the outdoors The “ballerina” is significantly transformed and prettier, the color of the flowers becomes juicier, and sometimes even changes, the bushes reach unprecedented sizes and splendor.

With the onset of warm days, the flower pot is put outside or dug into the ground. In the garden, a sophisticated "dancer" is given a well-lit place, protected from direct sun and strong winds. An exception may be elegant fuchsia, less demanding on light and blooming successfully even in the shade. It will be able to grow on northern window sills and in the most shady corners of the garden.
Before moving outside, do not forget to harden the plant, taking it out for a short time beforehand.

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Watering and spraying fuchsia

Plant care includes regular watering during growth and flowering. The soil should always be moist, but not waterlogged. Excess water in the pan must be drained, there must be drainage at the bottom of the pot. Water the flowers better in the morning, for this use settled soft water room temperature. Closer to autumn, watering is reduced, in winter they are carried out 1-2 times a month.

About fuchsia care mistakes (not proper watering) may indicate the following signs:
leaves, buds fall, flowers fade → the plant should be watered and sprayed more often;
wilting of the whole plant, dull color of the leaves with well-moistened soil → excess moisture in the pot, rotting of the roots, most likely the plant will die;
brown spots on leaves → waterlogging of the soil, dangerous for the life of the flower, it is necessary to adjust the frequency of watering.

But care will be complete when the fuchsia takes a shower and frequent spraying - the plant retains in its genetic memory the conditions of growth in the wild, where humid tropical air prevails. It is especially important to spray fuchsia in hot weather or at high temperatures in the apartment. Make sure that open sunlight does not fall on the plant at this time, otherwise water drops can burn through delicate leaves and flowers.

top dressing

Without such powerful helpers as fertilizers, beautiful fuchsia don't grow up. Top dressing is an integral part of plant care. Fuchsia will be grateful for any care for her nutrition. Long-acting fertilizers are applied to the pot along with the substrate when planting strictly according to the instructions. Gradually splitting, they will deliver nutrients to the flower, and you will only have to water the ground. An alternative is instant fertilizers ( full complex). They are applied immediately after watering from early spring to early September 2 times a month, in the summer during budding and flowering - weekly. Soil top dressing can be alternated with foliar, that is, spraying the leaves. The concentration is observed according to the instructions. The prohibition for applying soluble fertilizer is signs of disease in the plant and 2-week periods immediately after transplanting cuttings or fuchsia bushes.
Fuchsia care in the open field involves the use organic fertilizer , for example, ash , mullein, humus.

Fuchsia wintering

Winter care should provide fuchsia with rest. Only a rested plant can next year fully grow and flourish. To do this, from mid-November (after the end of flowering), the temperature of the content is gradually reduced to + 6 + 14 °. In early December, fuchsia can be taken out to a heated loggia or placed on a cold window. The exceptions are thermophilic species F. Boliviana, F. Microphylla and hybrids F. Triphylla. For them, the temperature cannot be lowered below 15 °.

If fuchsia grew in the garden, before the onset of frost and the temperature drops to + 7 °, it must be transferred to a cool, frost-free room with a temperature of at least + 5 °. Previously, the shoots are cut by a third, the roots that have grown into the ground through the holes in the pot are shortened.
Some frost-resistant varieties of Magellanic and hybrid fuchsia in the southern regions are left in the garden in the ground under the cover of oak leaves and spruce branches. Previously, they cut off the branches, remove the leaves and buds. In a cold climate, these fuchsias will be able to overwinter in the basement without light. In this case, watering is reduced as much as possible, preventing the soil in the pot from drying out.

If fuchsia is forced to winter in an apartment with normal air temperature, frequent airing of the room will benefit her. You should only be afraid of direct drafts. At temperatures above + 18 ° fuchsia sheds leaves. Flowering after such a winter will not be so plentiful.

Shaping, trimming, pinching

These are mandatory measures for the care of fuchsia. Pruning is carried out in early spring or in autumn. Dry and weak shoots are removed, excessively growing tops are shortened by half or 1/3. It is advisable to prune in February-March, so that the buds have time to form by May. Pruning in April and later reduces the number of buds on fuchsias. Pruning ends the dormant period of the flower, now the air temperature can be gradually increased.

With the help of pruning and pinching, a plant is formed. Bush fuchsias can be grown in the form of an upright or pyramidal bush, and in ampelous species, form long hanging shoots, or first create a lush crown, and let hanging shoots out of it. Forming pinches begin to be carried out at the stage of growing cuttings. First, pinch the top of the cutting, then the resulting shoots, even later - the shoots that have grown from them, etc. Pinching is carried out every 2-3 internodes.
It will take three years to get a flowering standard tree from a bush fuchsia cutting. During its formation in the first two years, the main shoot is tied up between the two halves bamboo stick, but side shoots emerging from the axillary buds are removed. When the height of the trunk is sufficient, they begin to form the crown. Leave 2-3 shoots and then pinch over each 2-3rd pair of leaves, pinch 3-4 times.

On the video: The subtleties of caring for fuchsia

Transplant, soil and pots

Every spring, fuchsia is transplanted into a new pot. bigger size, sprinkling fresh substrate. They buy a ready-made earthen mixture for fuchsia or prepare it themselves from clay-soddy soil (50%), peat (1/3) and sand or perlite (1/6). Drainage is placed at the bottom.
To protect the earth from drying out, and the roots from overheating, choose white pots, or place an ordinary pot in a flower pot. Facilitate the care of fuchsia and help retain moisture hydrogel added to the soil, or mulching with sphagnum.
If fuchsia will be grown outdoors, bulky pots are chosen. In the apartment, a pot with a diameter of 20 cm will be enough for her. In the garden, a pot of fuchsia can be dug into the ground. This will protect the plant from overheating and overturning by the wind. Its upper part should protrude above ground level.

Features of caring for fuchsia

Remember the refined nature of the "ballerina": from the moment the first flower appears, the fuchsia pot cannot be turned or put in another place, otherwise the plant may drop buds.
After three years of cultivation, fuchsia blooms become less bright and lush. With the help of cut cuttings, new specimens are obtained that repeat the characteristics of the parent plant.
, Fuchsia: description, legends. species and varieties →

Diseases and pests

Fuchsia care can be complicated if the plant is affected by pests or diseases.
Among them, whiteflies are more common, aphid , spider mite , powdery mildew, rust, gray rot. Methods for the prevention and control of them are standard, they are used for all indoor and garden plants. For example, the drug Aktara helps against pests and for their prevention, against fungal diseases - Fitosporin.

If you follow these simple rules of care, fuchsia will delight its owner with amazing flowering, for many months creating an atmosphere of celebration, beauty and harmony in the house.

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Fuchsias can be considered truly universal colors. They can be planted both in open ground, bringing them indoors in the fall, and in containers or pots. There are over 8,000 varieties of this beautiful plant. Most often in apartments you can see bush varieties. There are also ampelous fuchsias. Caring for both of them is not too complicated, but some rules should still be followed. We will talk about them in this article.

Plant features

Fuchsia got its name in honor of L. Fukus, a German doctor and botanist. This is very beautiful plant with flowers reminiscent of a ballet air tutu. Its petals are wavy and grow very densely. It is thanks to such an interesting shape of the flower that fuchsia received another name - “ballerina”. This plant comes from hot countries - Tahiti, New Zealand, Chile, Peru, Mexico. Local flower lovers plant it simply in flower beds and flower beds.

Depending on the variety, fuchsia can have a very different appearance. Ballerinas are very beautiful with both ordinary and double and semi-double flowers. The shades of the petals are very different. The most common is red fuchsia. Varieties with purple, pink and white flowers are also very popular. Fuchsia stamens always protrude far beyond the petals. Leaves at different varieties also different - both elongated and ovoid are found. Some varieties have teeth along the edges of the plates.

Fuchsia: care and reproduction

Of course, first of all, fuchsia must be properly planted. This plant is propagated by seeds or cuttings. In the latter case, you do not need too much experience. This method allows you to save all the varietal characteristics of a ballerina.

Fuchsia seeds at home are very difficult to obtain. The fact is that this plant needs pollination. Fuchsia care consists in proper watering, fertilizing, transplanting, winter transfers to a cool room.

What cuttings to choose

Cuttings from the plant are taken in the fall. It is worth planting several at once, as some may not be accepted. planting material taken from healthy bushes (without traces of disease or insect damage) with good varietal characteristics. Young green shoots with 2-3 pairs of leaves are best accepted, however, the survival rate of fuchsias is quite good and even a small top can be accepted. In the event that the cutting has too large lower leaves, they are cut in half to reduce the loss of moisture by the plant.

How to plant cuttings

From cuttings, if everything is done correctly, you can grow simply luxurious fuchsias. Care of planted branches will be quite difficult. We'll have to create greenhouse conditions for them and try a little. So, how to root cuttings?

First of all, you need to choose the right pot. Even adult fuchsia, not to mention cuttings, cannot be immediately planted in a large one. The plant is transferred to a larger pot only after its roots completely braid the clod of earth.

Good drainage device - important condition in cultivation. Without it, it will be impossible to get beautiful flowers.

Fuchsia, the care of which involves the observance of certain technologies, with improper watering (especially in winter) can simply die due to rotting of the roots, so broken shards must be poured into the bottom of the pot. It is better to take clay with holes. Plastic is also suitable, but its walls will subsequently heat up more in the sun, and the plant will have to be watered more often. In addition, plastic cools down quickly in winter, and when frequent watering the roots of a young fuchsia may begin to rot. A piece of permeable dornite is placed on the shards and the pot is covered with soil mixture (2 parts of soddy soil, peat and sand each). In no case should the soil be compacted. Fuchsia, both young and adult, loves very loose soil. From above, you need to pour a centimeter layer of sand mixed with peat (1: 2), pour it over and stick the cuttings into it.

What conditions need to be created for cuttings to root

In order for the cuttings to take root, they need to create suitable conditions.

1. The pot should be placed in a well-lit place, but the rays of the sun should not directly fall on the leaves and stems.
2. The air temperature in the room should be + 20 ... + 24 ° C.
3. The soil should not be allowed to become too wet, but it should not dry out either.
4. The optimum humidity is 80-90%. In order to comply with this condition, you need to arrange a small greenhouse above each cutting. plastic bottle or plastic bag. It is removed only after the plants grow.
5. The lower leaves, if they fall to the ground, will need to be removed.

Cuttings take root in about 2-3 weeks. They begin to feed them only after a month and a half.

Rooting cuttings in water

Fuchsia, whose propagation directly in the soil is considered preferable, can, however, be rooted in water. To do this, pour water into a glass and put it in a warm, bright place (but not in the sun). The stalk (no more than 15 cm long) should be in the glass until the roots grow back. This process will be more successful if the water temperature is maintained at +18 ... +20 ° C. You can throw it into a glass peat tablet. The roots must not be allowed to grow too long, otherwise they will simply break during transplantation.

The plant is transferred to the pot as carefully as possible. At first, its growth will slow down a little, but soon you will notice new shoots on it. This will mean that the transplant was successful.

Fuchsia: care and cultivation

Fuchsia will have to be cared for all year round. In particular, it will require attention in winter. The fact is that the ballerina does not tolerate dry air. In addition, fuchsia requires periodic top dressing. It also needs to be watered properly. But let's look at everything in order.

How to properly feed

Fuchsia is actively fed from late March to early October. These flowers respond very well to fertilizers. Experts even advise adding special mixtures for indoor flowering plants into the water every time you water. Indoor fuchsia especially needs top dressing, because in a cramped pot nutrients not so much. You can use any commercially available fertilizer for indoor plants. A very good option is, for example, the German top dressing Pokon. You can also add "Kemira" or "Peters" to the soil. Top dressing is carried out every three weeks and only in the warm season.

There are several rules for fertilizing fuchsia.

1. Top dressing should be done only after watering.
2. Do not fertilize diseased plants.
3. Top dressing can only be applied under fuchsia with a well-developed root system.

How to water

Young plants are watered more often than adults. The soil under the fuchsia should not dry out, but it is not worth pouring the plant so that the water is in the pot. In summer, it is best to alternate spraying and watering (every other day). In winter, fuchsias are watered once every three days. Spraying is not carried out.

Formation of stem trees

Fuchsia ampelous does not need pinching and pruning. As for the bush varieties, some of them have a neat crown, while some should be cut off periodically. Ballerina - one of the plants that are perfect for the formation of decorative standard trees. Both ampelous (for example, Auntie Jinks) and bush (Annabel) fuchsias are very good for this purpose.

In order to get a trunk, you need to take a strong, well-rooted young fuchsia, and tie it to a peg. After the plant reaches the desired height (you can make "trees" from 30 to 105 cm), pinch it. As soon as the third pair of leaves appears, and the fuchsia outgrows the peg, it needs to be cut again. This continues until the plant has a dense, lush crown. If desired, you can plant two fuchsias in a pot at once and twist their stems. As you grow, the weave must be continued. In this case, you get a richer crown.

How to do a transplant

What else do these magnificent flowers need? Fuchsia, the care of which consists in proper watering and top dressing, requires periodic transplantation. It is advisable to do them annually in March. Before transferring the plant to a new pot, it must be cut off, removing unviable branches and roots. Fuchsia loves slightly acidic soil. Of course, it is necessary to arrange drainage. The earth is not rammed. Having poured soil on the shards up to a third of the height of the pot, they put the plant in it and cover it with the remaining soil. Then lightly tap on the sides of the pot so that the soil falls into all the voids between the roots. If they remain, fuchsia will not grow.

Features of winter care

Only observing certain rules, you can save healthy fuchsia until spring. Caring for them in cold weather is not difficult. Ballerinas do not feed and water rarely enough, however, in order for the plant to bloom profusely next year and remain completely healthy, it should be placed in a dark, cool place with a temperature of +8 ° C with moderately dry air. loosen fuchsia autumn pruning highly not recommended. This operation is performed in the spring. If the branches are very weak, you should pinch off a piece of bark from the trunk and look at the wood. Green color says that the escape can still grow. If the wood has brown shade, this means that the branch is dead and needs to be deleted.

The nuances of summer care

Fuchsias do not tolerate temperatures above +27 ° C. After standing for several days in such heat, the plant will begin to drop leaves and buds, and may even die. At the height of summer, a pot with a ballerina should definitely be shaded.

Outdoor cultivation

In the spring, after the morning frosts end, fuchsias can be taken to the country house and planted in flower beds. Bury them along with the pots. In autumn, the plant is taken back to the city. Morozov does not tolerate fuchsia. Winter-hardy varieties exist, however, they very often die from the cold.

Diseases and pests

Sometimes fuchsia leaves turn yellow. This happens due to a lack of nitrogen or magnesium in the soil. Sometimes the plates begin to turn yellow due to excessive watering.

Rust is considered one of the most dangerous diseases of fuchsia. If concentric circles of a reddish-brown color are found on the back of the leaves of a ballerina, it is imperative to use a rust preparation. Before this, all infected leaves must be removed. The disease is contagious, so disinfect all tools and wash your hands thoroughly before touching healthy plants.

Of the insects, fuchsia is most often affected by red spider mites and whiteflies. In the latter case, larvae can be seen on the underside of the leaves, which multiply very quickly. Therefore, action must be taken immediately. The leaves are either washed with a solution of green soap, or drugs such as Actellik, Angara or Confdor are used.

When the leaves are infected spider mite they begin to turn slightly yellow, and on the underside become covered with a grayish coating. On some, you can sometimes see small cobwebs. Treatment in this case is carried out using the drugs "Akarim", "Fitoverm" or "Fufanon".

What varieties should be grown

Fuchsia, the care of which, as you can see, is not particularly troublesome, has a wide variety of varieties. Of the varieties, fuchsia is small-leaved, hybrid, tree-like, recumbent, spherical, three-leaved, corymbose, low, beautiful, elegant, shiny, bright red.

As for the varieties, the most unpretentious can be considered, for example, the profusely flowering bushy white Annabelle or also the very lush Beacon. Ballerinas such as the semi-ampel Lady Patricia and Tennessee Walts or the ampelous fuchsia Marinka will have to be looked after more carefully. In the event that you want to grow a ballerina in the open field, consider purchasing winter-hardy varieties. Such, for example, as Coralline, Fuchsia magellanica, Royal Velvet and others.

Fuchsia (a photo of the varieties of which you can see above on the page) is a very cute and graceful plant. Spend some time decorating your apartment or yard with them. country house is definitely worth it. Do not forget to feed ballerinas, water them and cut them in time, then they will delight you with abundant flowering from late May to early October.

Fuchsia is a perennial plant native to Central and South America and New Zealand. Indoor fuchsia is a hybrid plant, has many varieties and forms. It has been grown in culture for more than 200 years, and flower growers call it "Japanese lantern" or "ballerina".

IN natural conditions fuchsia has the appearance of a shrub with flexible branches. The leaves of the plant are green or reddish, have an oval, slightly pointed shape with notches along the edges. The flowers consist of a calyx and a tubular corolla with curved edges. The plant blooms for a long time and abundantly with drooping flowers. The stamens are longer than the calyx, the lobes of the calyx are longer than the petals. Fuchsia flowers appear on long stalks and come in white, pink, orange, red, cream, lilac and purple.

Fuchsia in the house does not require complex care, but the grower needs to know some of the nuances in this regard. There are recommendations for choosing seedlings, plant care during dormancy and flowering, transplanting and pruning.

Did you know? Fuchsia breeding has been going on for over 200 years. During this period, approximately 15,000 varieties and hybrids of this plant were bred.

How to choose the right fuchsia seedlings in the store

In stores, fuchsia is sold singly or by 3-4 cuttings. It depends on the size of the pot in which the plant is grown. When choosing a seedling, you need to pay attention to such points:

If the seedlings look good, but the leaves are small, the plant will not accept as quickly. decorative look. small leaves may indicate insufficient watering and top dressing.

It is bad if the seedlings in the store are in a dark place and poorly watered. The buds of such plants may fall off, and the leaves turn yellow.

When buying fuchsia seedlings, it is important to make sure that they are free of pests. To do this, you need to examine the underside of the leaves, and if there are no spots and dots, then everything is in order. Also, after shaking the plant, whiteflies should not fly out of it, it is very difficult to get rid of them.

Fuchsia care at home

Caring for fuchsia at home is easy. There are few fuchsia care secrets, and they are all simple.

Fuchsia loves cool rooms, in summer the temperature should not exceed 20 degrees. For her, a northern or eastern window sill is suitable. In the summer, the plant must be saved from stuffiness; if possible, he needs to provide a place on the balcony or in the yard, where only in the morning the sun's rays will fall. The rest of the day, fuchsia is better to be in partial shade. If there are no options for placing plants in the house in the light with scattered sunlight, fuchsia also feels good under artificial lighting.

Watering the plant should be regular, which is especially important during the period of growth and flowering. Water needs to be filtered or defended. Spraying with water in the summer is also very useful, it refreshes the plant. Humidification can also be achieved by placing the plant pot in a tray of water.

Important! If the leaves of the plant are wilted, it must not only be watered, but also sprayed with water. After these procedures, fuchsia is covered nonwoven fabric- this is done to restore the elasticity of the leaves.

From spring to autumn, the period of active growth, reproduction and flowering of the plant lasts. It is necessary to take care of how to feed the fuchsia in the spring, as this will play a huge role in the active period of the plant's life. During flowering, fertilizers containing a lot of potassium and phosphorus are preferred for a flower.

At proper care indoor fuchsia will delight its owner with its delicate colors for more than one year.

Features of care during the flowering period

When fuchsia blooms, there are some special guidelines for caring for it. During the flowering period, watering should be sufficient and regular. Stagnation of moisture in the roots is unacceptable, but at the same time, the plant should be watered after the topsoil has dried.

Fuchsia is sensitive to changes, therefore, especially during the flowering period, you can not rearrange and rotate the plant. Such actions are fraught with the fall of flowers and buds.

Many plants cannot be transplanted during flowering, this rule also applies to fuchsia. As for top dressing, for example, Kemira Lux fertilizer contains nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, manganese, boron, copper, molybdenum. It is very well suited for feeding fuchsia. From the moment the buds appear, you can water the fuchsia liquid fertilizer for flowering plants with a frequency of 1 time per week.

Did you know? If flowering weakens, and new leaves become small, this indicates the need to feed the plant.

Transplanting and pruning fuchsia

Transplant fuchsia as needed. It occurs after the purchase of the plant, and also as the pot becomes small. The soil for fuchsia consists of sod and leaf soil, sand, peat and humus, which are taken in equal parts. You can use ready-made purchased soil for the plant. It is very important to lay drainage at the bottom of the pot.

Ordinary expanded clay can act as drainage, on top of which the soil is laid. The plant is placed in a new pot with a clod of earth in which it grew. The remaining voids are filled with soil mixture.

After transplanting, put the fuchsia into the light, cut the length of the stems by one third, water and spray well. If the procedure was carried out correctly, the plant will release many flowers.

Pruning and shaping fuchsia begins when the plant is still a cutting. This plant is very plastic, and therefore it can be given any shape - bush, ampelous, pyramidal, standard tree.

New owners of fuchsia often have a question when it is possible to prune fuchsia. It is recommended to prune fuchsia twice a year: in early October, when growing season completed, and at the beginning of January. During the first pruning, all faded stems are removed. Cut off is 2 cm above the sleeping kidneys. The second pruning is intended for the final formation of the crown.

When a plant first enters the house, it needs to adapt. Florists often wonder when and how to pinch a fuchsia after purchase in order to shape it the way they want. After adaptation and rooting, the plant releases new leaves. At this point, you need to pinch the top of the plant. To make the plant more flowering and leafy, new shoots are also pinched.

Important! It is very important to correctly form the fuchsia of ampelous varieties. They can form long shoots if not pinched in time. Such shoots bloom only at the ends. If they are shortened, new flowers will appear no earlier than in 3-4 weeks.

Optimal wintering conditions for plants

In different seasons, fuchsia is experiencing different stages their life and development. In addition to periods of active growth and flowering, you need to know what to do with fuchsia in autumn and winter.

If during periods of active growth and flowering, soil moisture is necessary quite often, then in autumn the frequency of irrigation is reduced, and in winter it is watered 1-2 times a month.

In winter, the air temperature in a room with fuchsia should be up to 15 ° C. The plant will be comfortable at 8-10 degrees. Wintering fuchsia in an apartment is possible on a balcony or loggia, but you should make sure that the temperature there is not too low. By the way, in winter, fuchsia should not be fertilized.

During wintering, it is important that the plant rests properly. Having restored strength, in the new season fuchsia will give abundant flowering which will last a long time. To gain strength of the plant, it must be cut off before winter dormancy and all pests removed.

Two ways to reproduce

Fuchsia is usually propagated in two ways - seeds and cuttings.

Reproduction by seeds. Reproduction by seeds is of interest mainly to breeders. This is due to the fact that fuchsia grown from seed does not retain the characteristics of the original plant (it rarely does).

When propagating by seeds, it is necessary to exclude self-pollination of the plant and its pollination by insects. To do this, the anthers must be removed from the unblown flower, the pollen of the paternal plant is applied to the stigma of the pistil. Next, a fabric or paper cover is put on the flower, fixing it with threads below the flower, which isolates it from insects.

After the fruit ripens, it is cut to extract the seeds, which later need to be dried.

Fuchsia seeds are sown on a moist substrate without embedding. Greenhouse conditions are created for the container with good lighting and room temperature. Seedlings should appear in a few weeks. After a couple of months, the sprouts dive, after which, after another couple of months, they are planted in separate pots.

TO external environment seedlings need to be accustomed gradually, because without adaptation to non-greenhouse conditions, they can wither and die.

More reliable way reproduction of fuchsia - cuttings. It can be used at any time of the year, but spring is a favorable period. Young cuttings 10-20 cm long are taken. The leaves in the lower part are removed, and the rest are shortened by half.

Fuchsia is a tree-like shrub or small tree from the most beautiful flowers various colors and shapes. It is so popular with flower growers that it is grown all over the world. This beauty hails from South America and New Zealand. Growing and caring for fuchsia in the garden does not cause much trouble if you choose the right planting site.

Fuchsia: features of growing in the garden

If you choose the right landing site, then fuchsia will grow well in the garden.

But you need to take into account some of its features:

1. Fuchsia loves semi-shaded areas with neutral soil acidity.
2. It is better to plant where the direct sunlight falls only in the mornings and evenings.
3. Young plants are planted in open ground in May or June.

Outdoor care

It is advisable to water it only in the driest periods, and to carry out top dressing 1-2 times during the summer. complex fertilizers for flowers.

In autumn, fuchsia is cut and prepared for a long winter.

Cut the bush to give desired shape and enhance flowering. During the warm season, the formation of a crown may be required only if the goal is to grow a shrub, and the plant stubbornly strives to acquire the shape of a tree.

How to take care in winter?

IN middle lane In Russia, in frosty winters, the fuchsia flower may suffer.

Features for caring for fuchsia in winter:

• At the end of autumn, the stems are cut heavily, leaving 20-40 cm above the ground, and covered for the winter.
• For shelter, spruce branches, tree branches, dry leaves, fragments of polyethylene, tarpaulin are used.
• It is advisable to cover the sleeping fuchsia with snow as soon as possible.
• In April, the shelter can be partially dismantled and completely removed in May with the onset of warm days.
• Indoor fuchsia is transferred to a cold room in winter and watered only as the top layer of the earthy coma dries.

The nuances of growing fuchsia at home

Under certain conditions, the plant can be grown at home on the windowsill.

Growing tips:

1. Most great importance It has temperature regime. Fuchsia, unlike other indoor plants, loves a slight coolness in summer and cold wintering from December to February. The optimum temperature for its growth is 18-20 degrees, and the permissible temperature is up to +23. In a warmer room, it sheds leaves and flowers. On hot July days, it is almost impossible to provide such a temperature on the windowsill, unless you turn on the air conditioner.
2. The fuchsia flower is quite shade-tolerant, so it can be placed on the eastern, western, northeastern and northwestern windows, where, by the way, it is not so hot in summer. On window sills oriented exactly to the north, she may not have enough light.
3. Flowering ends in November. At this time, it can be moved to a cold room. In winter, fuchsias are kept on the balcony at a temperature of 6-10 degrees. Under such conditions, the processes of photosynthesis slow down, so the plant ceases to need good lighting. For a short time (up to a month) it can be stored in complete darkness.
4. Watering is done less frequently and is carried out only as the earthen coma dries up. Waterlogging is fraught with rotting of the root system.

Important! If you provide fuchsia with everything you need, then it will bloom from mid-spring to mid-autumn.

flower reproduction

The most affordable and easiest way to propagate fuchsia is cuttings. For this, young shoots 10-20 cm long should be taken. The lower leaves are removed from them by about half the height. Too large leaves are also cut or shortened by half. The cuttings are placed in a container with water and hermetically covered polyethylene film or clear plastic cup. Fans of experiments can also root them in coarse-grained river sand or vermiculite. After 1-2 weeks, you can expect the appearance of roots. After that, you need to make a hole in the covering film to start accustoming the seedlings to dry air. Wait another week until their length reaches 2-3 centimeters, after which the cuttings can be planted in small pots.

Fuchsia: reproduction, cultivation and care at home ... The most common homemade fuchsia received because of its unpretentiousness in care and ease of reproduction.

Fast-growing semi-herbaceous fuchsia shrub with small oval leaves, surprisingly beautiful bright flowers hanging like lanterns on long and thin pedicels. Their sepals and corolla are brightly colored in various tones, which gives them a special charm. A fuchsia bush can be arranged in the form of a standard tree or grown as a hanging ampelous plant.

Why doesn't fuchsia bloom?

How to care and what to do if fuchsia does not bloom. Possible reasons may be that in winter time unsuitable conditions were created for fuchsia. Ideal Conditions winter 5-10 degrees. In this mode, fuchsia stops the growth of shoots and goes into a dormant state. As the temperature increases, the intensity and duration of illumination should also be increased.

The reason may be due to late pruning and pinching fuchsia. Pruning should be carried out in spring and autumn, while cutting out all diseased, weakened or broken branches. During cold wintering, branches in autumn should be shortened by one third. With a warm winter, it is better to postpone cardinal pruning until spring (February-March).

Pinch the shoots, depending on what shape you decide to give your plant. When forming an ampel, pinching is usually done after the third pair of leaves. When forming a bush, pinch after the second pair of leaves. You should not make more than two pinches on the upper shoots, and it is better to pinch the lower shoots once, otherwise you may not wait for flowering.

Mistakes in care during the growth and flowering of fuchsia. The plant may be hot, as mentioned above, or poor lighting. Direct sunlight is depressing indoor plant, from which it suddenly shrinks and drops the buds, while the roots may suffer from the heat. Overfed with fertilizers (nitrogen), or vice versa, there are not enough nutrients (phosphorus-potassium) during budding. The size of the container does not match the size of the root system. Fuchsias bloom after they wrap their roots around the entire lump of substrate in a pot.

For fuchsia worthy content!

Temperature
During the growing season, the most favorable range for fuchsia is 18-25 degrees. In summer, especially in August, it behaves well in open ground, but as soon as t exceeds the 30-degree mark, the plant sheds leaves, dries and stops blooming. In a special heat, fuchsia should be taken out to the loggia or balcony, avoiding direct sunlight, leading to the death of the flower. To protect the sensitive roots of the plant from overheating, it is advisable to use a ceramic pot big size(plastic containers get very hot).

Lighting
All types of fuchsia prefer bright diffused light. They should be grown on the eastern (western) window of the room or in the garden in a comfortable penumbra. This culture does not tolerate daytime heat, but it can easily withstand the morning (evening) sun rays. But a flowering plant can no longer be rearranged and rotated: this can lead to the fall of all flowers and buds.

Watering fuchsia
In the spring-autumn period - plentiful - as the top layer of the substrate dries; in winter - moderate. For irrigation, it would be better to use soft settled water. By the end of the growing season, watering is noticeably reduced, and by October-November it is practically stopped. At low temperatures houseplant fuchsia is usually watered 1-2 times a month.

Air humidity
During the growth period, the leaves are sprayed from a spray bottle in the morning and evening, or, to transfer more moisture, a decorative bowl with pebbles filled with water is placed next to the pot. In autumn and winter, excessive fuchsia moisture is contraindicated, so spraying is stopped during this period.

Fuchsia top dressing
For open ground biofertilizers are the most effective, as for the premises, here you can use any ready-made fertilizers intended for home flowering plants. Frequent top dressing (once a week) is recommended from the end of March; in winter, fuchsias are not fed.

Soil and transplant
Fuchsias are transplanted annually and always in the spring. For this purpose, special substrates are used from the store or any fertile soil without forgetting about drainage. Sand and humus are recommended as useful additives, and when grown on a balcony, loam, which retains water well.

pruning fuchsia
The more often fuchsia is pruned, the thicker its foliage. Most suitable option for growing fuchsia - a regular pot or hanging basket. When planting together several multi-colored varieties at once, a real floral firework is obtained.

Fuchsia reproduction and home care

Reproduction by cuttings
This fuchsia cutting process is carried out in February or March, sometimes in August-September (for slow-growing varieties). Cuttings 5-7 cm long root in sand, water or any suitable loose substrate. Already on the 20-25th day, the formation of roots occurs, and the seedlings are transferred to pots by 7-9 cm. soil mixture- sand, humus, leaf and sod land in equal proportions. To get a lush bush, cuttings should be planted at once several pieces in one pot. Young growth blooms in the same year.

Reproduction by seeds
Seed maturation requires artificial (cross) pollination. Self mixing various varieties fuchsia, you can get new hybrids that delight the eye with a kaleidoscope of new colors.

Reproduction by leaves
The stems, together with the most developed leaves, are torn off from the "mother" and placed in soft soil to a depth of 1 cm, after which they are closed with a plastic (glass) cover. For their growth, daily spraying from a spray bottle with warm boiled water is necessary. Further transplanting into containers (pots) is possible when small rosettes appear at the base of the stem.

Possible problems with fuchsia leaves, diseases and pests

Problems arise most often due to improper care. Fuchsias rarely get sick, and of the pests, white flies (from the moth family) bother her the most. Concerning external signs unhealthy species, then they allow you to correctly adjust the conditions of the plant:

• powdery spots or fine dew on leaves. Reason - high humidity. Method of struggle - spraying with an aqueous mixture of foundationol (dilution 1 to 11);
• falling leaves. Possible reasons are insufficient watering, lack of light, or an excess of warm, dry air;
• falling flowers. This is exactly how fuchsia responds, the pot with which, during flowering, was rearranged or turned to the sunny side. Another common mistake is an interruption in watering, that is, insufficient or too plentiful supply of water to the plant;
• short flowering season. It is difficult to identify the root cause, since several factors can affect it at once: lack of light and / or top dressing, poor watering, keeping in a room that is too warm, etc .;
• yellow stripes and brown spots on the leaves. The reason is waterlogging of the soil in winter.