What are the leaves of adult thuja plants. Thuja - types and varieties

Thuja (lat. Thúja) is a representative of coniferous trees and shrubs of the Cypress family. It differs from other breeds by its pronounced sweet aroma. Depending on the variety, it can reach large sizes. There are also undersized and dwarf subspecies. There are columnar and pyramidal thuja. The coniferous tree of spherical shape is especially popular. culture comes from East Asia and North America. The average life cycle of a plant is about one hundred and fifty years. Amazing cypress centenarians are also known. The age of culture reaches about 1000 years.

Thuja is a delightful coniferous tree.

Thuja does not grow in natural environment temperate continental climate.

Location and lighting level

For breeding coniferous trees, you should choose a well-lit area. In the shade of the scales, the plants will lose their decorative effect. Exposure to direct sunlight can cause burns.

In an open area for thuja, ideal diffused sunlight. Draft and gusts of wind can damage the thuja.

Temperature and humidity

Thuja can be grown in a glazed loggia or greenhouse.

Thuja does not respond to sudden changes in the level of water content in the air. In hot summer, you can spray the plant on the balcony warm water.

In the cold season, thuja on the street is able to withstand a drop in temperature to a mark of - 30 degrees.

Watering

The representative of the cypress copes well with a long drought. It is enough to water the soil at the base of the thuja twice a week. For spraying, use soft water at room temperature.

Thuja prefers uniform watering. Can withstand prolonged drought.

Transfer

The potted plant should be repotted as needed. For a grown tree, you need to prepare a larger container.

Depending on the variety, you will need a different composition of the soil mixture. Young representatives of conifers should mix leafy and coniferous soil with sand. Adult thuja prefers a substrate made from peat, pure river sand and sod land.

Transplantation should be carried out by transshipment. It is important to keep the earth lump intact.

The temperature of the environment during the change of the pot should be from + 20 to + 23 degrees. Within two weeks, you need to protect the plant from direct sunlight. Periodically, you will need to spray water on the crown. For uniform spraying, you can use a spray gun.

The transplanted plant should be protected from direct sunlight.

pruning

The plant tolerates crown correction very well. Via garden shears you can give the thuja any shape.

Amazing thuja structure created with bonsai.

Culture is especially popular in the society of bonsai lovers. In early spring, the tree should be cleaned of damaged and dry branches.

Thuja in winter

The close location of the root system reduces the protection of the crop from exposure to cold temperatures. Dense planting also slows down rooting.

At the end of October, it is necessary to protect the plant planted in a pot. As a heat-insulating material, you can use thick material (burlap) or mats.

In the open field, the Giant thuja is able to withstand severe frosts. The most sensitive subspecies - eastern thuja - must be covered with agrofiber.

Columnar plants can be wrapped with twine. A decrease in temperature often causes a brown shade of arborvitae. With the advent of warm spring, the needles will acquire their former color.

Additional secrets of thuja care can be found in the video:

Outdoor culture

For successful cultivation on the site, the need for arborvitae in free space should be taken into account. It is advisable to plant conifers at a distance of about half a meter from each other. To create a hedge, you can leave a gap of 30 cm.

Regardless of the size of the earth clod, the thuja seedling should be planted to a depth of about 70 cm. The neck of the roots must be left on the surface of the soil.

Fertilizer "Kemir" should be applied in early spring. 110 grams is enough for one square meter. It is not recommended to fertilize thuja for up to two years.

The first 30 days you will need to regularly moisten the soil. In a particularly dry period, spraying should be carried out.

On dry soils, the plant is difficult to take root. The crown of a coniferous tree can thin out. After watering, you should regularly loosen the soil at the base of the thuja. To retain moisture and protect against weeds, you can use thick layer mulch. As a surface coating, it is desirable to lay out softened peat.

In open ground, a thick layer of mulch should be used to protect the thuja.

Thuja is planted at any time of the year. In autumn, the plant may not take root. Optimal time for landing - in late April or early May. "Spring" thuja is able to withstand various pests and diseases.

Features of growing coniferous trees

soil mixture

For breeding thuja, you can prepare a soil mixture at home. The substrate should include turf, leaf soil, medium-grain sand and peat. In addition, you will need five hundred grams of mineral fertilizer.

In its natural environment, a coniferous tree can grow on peat, loamy, swampy soils and sandy loam.

top dressing

Thuja does not need regular growth stimulation. It is enough to fertilize once a month with nitrogen-containing preparations.

In the hot season, you should switch to potash fertilizers. If the plant wilts or loses color, phosphorus will be needed.

Thuja in a pot

Does not exist special grade for growing at home.

For growing thuja at home, it is advisable to purchase undersized varieties.

Separate types of arborvitae - "Eastern" and "Ploskovetochnik" are recommended to be grown in a container. Favorable conditions will help grow a miniature graceful tree in a pot.

It is advisable to choose boxes or large flowerpots made of wood. The material of the product must be frost-resistant. Keeping a pot on an open balcony in winter period may damage the container. Therefore, it is not recommended to use metal, clay or plastic flowerpots.

In the bottom of the container, be sure to make several drainage holes. To protect the root system from the cold, it is necessary to insulate the bottom with a thick layer of wood or a polystyrene foam block.

Indoors, it is recommended to keep the flowerpot next to the window. IN summer period thermometer should be monitored. Temperatures above + 30 degrees will destroy the culture. You can take the container to an open terrace or loggia.

In apartment conditions in winter it is desirable to maintain the temperature at + 15 degrees. A glazed balcony or winter garden is suitable for keeping thuja.

Typical diseases and pests of thuja

Unfavorable growing conditions contribute to the defeat of the culture by scale insects, aphids, beetles, and unpaired timber.

The first sign of the appearance of aphids is the yellowness of the needles. Get rid of pests immediately. To do this, you need the drug "Decis". The prepared solution should be sprayed onto the culture.

Shield can damage not only needles. The pest also destroys the cones. The beetle leaves characteristic passages in the bark. Hard and strong fibrous material may break. Round holes of a black shade in the bark are a clear sign of the appearance of insects.

Insects can be killed with insecticides. At an early stage of the lesion, one course is enough. A heavily affected plant should be rid of pest colonies in several stages.

Excessive watering and high humidity contribute to the infection of thuja with fungal diseases. First of all, the crown of a coniferous tree is damaged. You can cure the culture with the help of Karbofos. Continue processing until the plant is fully restored.

In the open air, the probability of hitting a cypress representative is much higher.

Reaction to the tree

Thuja contains many useful substances.

Thuja medicinal oil.

The plant can cause allergic reactions. The plant contains a poisonous component. Accidental or intentional (in the form of oil) use can lead to negative consequences.

A characteristic sign of the manifestation of thuja intolerance is urticaria. Itchy blisters appear on various parts of the skin. You should take an antihistamine and limit contact with the allergen. It is advisable to take a sorbent.

Tui breeding methods

seeds

The method is widely used by breeders to grow hardy and resistant varieties. Breeding a crop using seeds can last up to 6 years.

Seeds are formed and ripen in cones. For cultivation, it is desirable to use only fresh planting material. A stratification technique (temperature effect) can be applied. To do this, it is enough to leave the seeds in the ground for the winter period under the snow.

Tui sprouts.

Extracting the seeds from the cones will not work immediately. It is necessary to place the modified shoots in a warm room for 72 hours. When the cones open, you can carefully pour out the seeds.

For the next 10 hours, it is necessary to lower the planting material into a container of water or wet sand. Treated seeds can be planted in moist soil. As a protective layer of mulch, you need to use sawdust of coniferous trees. It is necessary to cover the landing site with a canopy.

Only after a year and a half can a subspecies of a coniferous tree be identified. Thuja in the form of a column is capable of producing spherical and columnar cultures.

cuttings

At home, thuja is often propagated using cuttings. As planting material lignified shoots 50 centimeters long should be separated from a healthy coniferous tree.

Cuttings must be cut with sterile scissors. To stimulate growth, place the stem in a container of warm water. Excess needles from the cutting should be removed. The remains of needles on the shoot can cause rotting.

Cuttings of coniferous thuja.

Planting depth should be no more than 3 centimeters. As a substrate, you need to prepare a mixture of soddy soil, peat and clean river sand.

It is possible to prevent damage to planting material by pests or diseases by treating the soil with potassium permanganate.

How thuja blooms

Unlike many representatives coniferous plants thuja is able to bloom. In fact, the botanical specificity refers to dusting, not bud formation.

On the adult thuja spikelets may appear. On female trees, they are reniform with a greenish tinge. The male ones have a rounded structure and are located in the lower section of the tree.

Flowering culture.

Dusting occurs in April and early May. The period may take up to 12 days. The next step is bumps. The maturation period takes more than 170 days.

How to choose a culture

Seeds of thuja western "Degrut Spire" can be purchased for 200 rubles. The package contains 1 gram. A sapling of a three-year-old thuja western pyramidal is sold on average at a price of 1300 rubles.

Tall green thuja trees with flat branches located in different planes form solid screens, limiting and shaping the space, forming closed landscape zones. The play of color shades in the folds and shading created by multidirectional branches makes the textured surface expressive, making a stunning impression. Unpretentious plants tolerate pruning well, great for creating dense hedges and all kinds of green figures, decorating rocky hills and driveways.

Types of thuja

Several types of thuja are grown in culture, on the basis of which breeders have bred a wide variety of varieties, which include columnar, pyramidal, spherical and pillow-shaped forms of different colors and shades. Thuja western, eastern and folded are distinguished by the greatest selection diversity.

After you opt for any kind of thuja suitable for your garden, use our article "", which will help you: choose the right seedling, plant and grow a beautiful tree or shrub from it.

Thuja western (Thuja occidentalis)

Large trees up to 20 m in natural conditions grow in the forests of North America. The crown is formed in the form of a pyramid narrowed upwards, becoming rounded with age. The reddish-brown bark cracks and flakes off, hanging down in long strips. The needles are green, flat, light on the underside. Small cones 1–1.5 cm long ripen in autumn and quickly crumble.

Danica

A delightful dwarf variety of Danish selection obtained in 1948. An adult plant reaches a height of half a meter, develops slowly. The dense crown forms a perfectly rounded ball of dense green color. A special charm of this thuja is given by a wavy surface formed by fan-shaped branches placed in a vertical plane. Bright needles in summer, tend to turn brown in winter. The tree is compact and great for planting in mixborders, for landscaping rockeries.

Fastigiata (Fastigiata)

A well-known variety of German selection is a slender dense tree over 15 m in height. The development is fast, annual increments reach 20–30 cm. The columnar crown, expanded at the bottom and narrowed upwards, is formed by strong skeletal branches directed vertically.

Lateral branches are flat, horizontally placed, wrapped at the ends and covered with dark green needles. It reproduces well by seeds, however, the resulting seedlings can be very different from the mother plant.

Thuja orientalis (Thuja orientalis)

The name Thuja orientalis was assigned to a species that does not actually belong to the genus Thuja, although it looks very similar in appearance. It is more correct to call this decorative conifer Oriental flathead (Platycladus orientalis) or Eastern Biota (Biota orientalis). The species originates from Korea and China, where it grows singly or in small groups on stony poor soils in a temperate climate.

It develops slowly, mainly in the form of a tree, reaching 5–10 m in height, growing even higher in favorable conditions. In cold regions, it takes the form of a shrub. The crown is pyramidal or cone-shaped with a wide base. The bark is reddish-brown, exfoliating in strips.

The flat fan-shaped branches are directed vertically and are covered with bright green scaly needles. Young plants, like, may differ in needle-like sharp needles. In winter, the needles drastically change color - it turns brown or turns yellow.

Aurea Nana

The dwarf variety is popular in regions with a temperate or warm climate, in cold winters it requires shelter. Despite some whimsicality, the plant fell in love with the bright light green "grassy" color of the needles, the cone-shaped crown, which becomes ovoid over the years, and slow development. By the age of ten, it reaches 0.8–1 m in height, an adult tree grows up to one and a half meters, it turns darker.

In winter, the color changes, the needles acquire a golden-bronze hue. Manifest saturated colors the plant is capable only in sunny areas and moist soils, in which case Aurea Nana will serve as a real decoration for a flower garden, rock garden or mixborder.

Justinka (Justynka)

Spectacular dwarf variety of columnar form of Polish selection. By the age of ten, a tree grows up to 1–1.2 m. The forming branches are directed upwards, the branches are fan-shaped, located in a vertical plane, the crown is dense, with dark green flattened needles. It is noted as a cold-resistant plant, it winters well in temperate latitudes. Looks great in rockeries, small mixborders.

Morgan

An unusual thuja was obtained by Australian breeders, it is distinguished by a dense pyramidal crown of golden yellow fan-shaped branches. In winter, the tree becomes even more attractive, acquiring a reddish-bronze bright color, sometimes with orange tone. It develops slowly, growing by 5–7 cm per year, by the age of ten it reaches a height of 70 cm.

Thuja folded (Thuja plicata)

Huge trees of this species in the natural conditions of the Pacific coast of North America grow up to 60 m, thanks to which the species received another name - Giant thuja (T.gigantea). At the latitude of St. Petersburg, the tree reaches 12–15 m, but is prone to freezing in severe winters. The crown is low, dense, spreading, the branches are directed horizontally or obliquely upwards, the lateral branches are drooping. The needles are scaly, long, emerald green in color, with a whitish stripe on the underside.

About 50 varieties have been bred, due to their large size, the species is more often planted in parks; for household plots, it is recommended to choose dwarf and slow-growing variations.

Whipcord (Whipcord)

A wonderful dwarf variety of American selection grows as a tree with spherical crown, reaching 1.5 m. The shoots are large, sloping, long sharp needles fall, giving the thuja an exotic look. In the cold season, the color becomes bronze.

It grows slowly, no more than 7–10 cm per year, requires open areas and sufficient moisture, and is frost-resistant. Whipcord looks exceptional in single plantings against the background of stones, it is effective in standard form.

Zebrina (Zebrina)

Slow-growing variegated variety with a wide-conical crown, loose in young plants, dense in adults. On poor soils and in the northern regions, it grows by 7–10 cm per year, reaching 2.5 m in height and 1.5 m in diameter by the age of ten. Under favorable conditions, nutrient soils gives annual growths up to 15–20 cm.

Skeletal branches are sprawling, lateral branches are drooping, covered with shiny scaly needles of a juicy green tone, in young shoots with creamy white or golden transverse wide stripes. A lush, elegant tree is most suitable for solitary planting.

Originally grows in central Japan, on the islands of Honshu and Shikoku, in Japanese culture, the species is considered one of the five sacred trees of Kiso, and in ancient times this thuja was forbidden to be cut down. A large beautiful tree with vertically directed sprawling branches that form a pyramidal crown with a wide base reaches a height of 20 m. In cultivation it grows up to 6–9 m, but under natural conditions old trees can grow huge - up to 35 meters or more.

The bark is fibrous, reddish-brown. Needles with a characteristic strong smell, flat, matte, bright green, the reverse side is bluish-silver. Thuja Japanese is frost-resistant, but suffers from a lack of moisture, it develops better on nutritious, drained loams. Open area or partial shade is preferred.

Thuja Korean (Thuja koraiensis)

Spreading shrub or conical tree with a loose crown, growing up to 7–8 m in height. In the wild, it is found in forests, on the mountain slopes and valleys of China and Korea, where it is considered a fairly winter-hardy plant. The bark is reddish-brown, rough, the shoots are flat, with narrow, blunt needles, silvery on the underside. The view is distinguished by grace and lightness due to the light tone of lace branches with curved edges.

Species plants are available for purchase in nurseries, a few varietal varieties are rare.

Glauca Prostrata (Glauca Prostrata)

A promising slow-growing variety with a height of an adult plant up to 60 cm. The plant is spectacular, with graceful openwork branches, similar to fern leaves, bluish-green in color with a silver lining. Light lush crown with branchy shoots looks airy.

It grows poorly in deep shade, losing its decorative effect. An exceptional choice for mixed foreground plantings, it looks great as a tapeworm against dark backgrounds.

Groups of thuja varieties by growth rate, shape and color of the crown

The whole variety of thuja varieties can be divided into categories according to the intensity of growth and the shape of the crown. Another important feature is the color of the needles. The most common among thujas are variations of various shades of green, golden yellow plants are spectacular, varieties are less common. blue tint, most often these are a few representatives of the eastern thuja.

Pyramidal (conical)

Platycladus Pyramidalis Aurea (Platycladus Pyramidalis Aurea)

Beautiful variety thuja eastern with a narrowed cone-shaped crown of juicy green color. It grows up to 4–6 m in height, the crown is formed by vertically directed branches, the top is pointed. Overgrowing twigs are small, densely covered with scaly yellowish-green needles that do not fade in winter.

The variety is characterized by moderate growth - up to 10 cm per year. Great choice for adding color mixed landings from conifers or the formation of a colorful slender hedge.

Kornik

A strong lush tree with a pyramidal crown, densely growing from the ground itself, is a famous representative thuja folded. The crown is formed by elastic branches located horizontally and drooping. The needles are glossy, dark green, covered with silver stripes on the reverse side, becoming golden or bronze in winter.

The growth rate is average, by ten years the tree reaches 2.5–3 m in height and up to 1.5 m in diameter. To form a solid hedge or screens, seedlings are placed every 0.8–1 m. The cornik looks great as a tapeworm.

spherical

Golden Globe

Round golden thuja obtained by Dutch breeders in 1963 and is a mutation of the variety Woodwardii. The crown is assembled from flat small branches directed horizontally. It grows moderately, 7–8 cm per year, the diameter of an adult spherical shrub is 1–1.2 m. The needles are very light, shining golden yellow, becoming reddish-copper after frost.

For a complete coloration, open space. The variety works well in single plantings in flower beds and mixborders, excellent in original design tracks.

Hoseri

Slow growing shrub is a variety western arborvitae Polish selection, grows 4–8 cm per year. The crown is rounded, even, formed by skeletal branches directed obliquely upwards with small overgrown branches and bristling young shoots, which makes the surface look tender, velvety. The needles are small, smooth, emerald green, clear in color, bronze in winter.

The correct spherical crown reaches half a meter in diameter by the age of ten. In adulthood, the plant becomes flattened, acquiring a cushion shape, and can reach a diameter of more than a meter.

Columnar

Columna (Columna)

One of the best columnar varieties obtained in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century. A tall, slender tree is characterized by an average growth rate, by the age of ten it reaches 3 m in height and 1.2–1.5 m in diameter, later it can grow up to 10 m, which is a unique characteristic of columnar thuja, which usually do not reach such sizes. .

A narrow crown with a blunt rounded top is formed by horizontally directed branches, fan-shaped widened at the ends. Small glossy needles are smooth, dark green. The variety is frost-resistant, unpretentious, suitable for the formation of green screens that do not need a haircut.

Brabant

fast growing western thuja with a columnar or narrow cone-shaped crown. It grows actively, in favorable conditions it gives annual growths of up to 30 cm, reaching a height of 3.5–5 m. The overgrowing branches are flat, multidirectional in the form of a fan. Scaly needles of a dense green tone, the color is stable, does not change with the advent of cold weather. The surface of the crown is wavy, over the years it acquires a loose structure. Used for group plantings and evergreen alleys.

Dwarf

Waterfield

western thuja dwarf type is a rounded shrub with a dense crown, with age it acquires a slightly elongated oval shape. By the age of ten, it reaches a height of about 30–50 cm, growing at 4–5 cm per year.

Shortened lateral branches are fan-shaped, delicate growths, light cream when they appear, make the surface textured, soft, similar to lichen. In winter, the needles become brownish-brown.

Zmatlik (Zmatlik)

Nice Czech variety western arborvitae dwarf type with vertically directed growth. The crown is columnar, narrow, up to 1.0–1.2 m high and up to half a meter wide. In seedlings and young plants, the shape is indefinite, curved, the plant itself seems disheveled.

Over time, due to the fan-shaped winding branches, the dense surface acquires a patterned texture due to spirals and waves that overlap each other. The needles are small, dark green. It tolerates planting in the shade, but in this case the crown becomes loose, losing its amazing decorative effect.

Cushion

Umbraculifera (Umbraculifera)

Cushion western thuja received in late XIX century by German breeders. It develops slowly, up to 7–10 cm per year, by the age of ten it grows about 1 m tall, forms an appressed wide crown with a diameter of more than 2 m, umbrella-shaped rounded along the edge.

The branches are flexible, with densely growing lateral branches, curved and placed in different planes, which gives the surface a peculiar effect of water ripples. Growths are flat, covered with dark glossy needles with a bluish tint.

Golden Tuffet

Spectacular variety western arborvitae at a young age, rounded, later the crown becomes wide, cushion-shaped, reaching a height of 60 cm. The overgrowing branches are graceful, drooping, arranged in different directions. On young growths, the needles of a delicate pinkish-golden tone, in the bright sun, acquire an orange or bronze hue. A plant planted in the shade loses warm colors, turns green, the crown becomes sparse.

golden (yellow)

Forever Goldy

Promising "evergreen" variety thuja folded with bright golden-green needles that do not change color throughout the year. A compact tree with a cone-shaped crown is formed by strong small branches with flat shoots, turned vertically and parallel to each other. Increments up to 10-15 cm per year, by the age of ten the tree grows no more than one and a half meters in height.

Young shoots are much lighter than deep greens, and these play of light and shadow make the plant particularly attractive. It grows well in the sun and in partial shade, but in open areas the golden color becomes more saturated. It is used as a tapeworm on rocky slides, as well as for low bright hedges.

Golden Minaret

Beautiful light-loving variety thuja eastern is a lush pyramidal tree with needles of a golden-bronze hue, reddish-bronze tones predominate in winter. When planted in the shade, it turns lemon green. It grows up to 4 m in height and about 1.5 m in diameter, the growth rate is moderate - about 10 cm per year.

The needles are scaly, densely covering short twigs, the growths bristle and create the illusion of a soft, plush surface. Needs shelter for the winter, especially at a young age, shoots are prone to burns in spring.

Blue

Blue Cone

This eastern thuja with a dense cone-shaped crown in the form of pins, it develops intensively, in good conditions grows about 20 cm per year and reaches a height of 2–3 m and a width of 1.2–2.0 m. Flat fan-shaped branches are vertically directed, the needles are bluish-green, dark, shade of a sea wave.

Blue Con is undemanding to watering, it does well in hot regions, surpassing western thuja in drought tolerance. IN northern latitudes in harsh winters with little snow, it can freeze, requires reliable shelter.

Meldensis (Meldensis)

Variety eastern thuja with an ovoid crown in young plants, which becomes pyramidal in adults. The branching is dense, the branches are fan-shaped, the shoots are multidirectional, they form a dense, even surface. The needles are bluish-green, darkens in winter, acquiring a purple hue, young growths turn brown. Plants grown from seed are more resilient and grow faster.

fast growing

Gelderland (Gelderland)

A beautiful slender plant with a perfect cone-shaped crown, formed from the ground itself. It develops quickly, growing by 20–25 cm, reaching a height of 4–5 m. Delicate needles, densely green in summer and golden or bronze in winter, make the plant particularly attractive.

Planted as a tapeworm, this amazing thuja with a folded surface ( folded thuja) soft dense crown resembles a fabulous Christmas tree, magnificent at any time of the year.

Excelsa

Another wonderful representative folded thuja, at a young age of a columnar shape, then cone-shaped with a wide base. Growing up to 30 cm per year, large tree reaches 12–15 m in height and more than 3 m in diameter. The branches are directed horizontally or obliquely upwards, drooping at the ends. The needles are shiny, dense green, slightly lighter on growths.

The variety is stable, winters well, strong and showy. Prefers fertile loams, picky about the presence of moisture. Looks luxurious in alleys and groups.

Video about the variety of species and varieties of thuja

In small ornamental gardens, on rocky hills, near fences and in mixborders, luxurious thujas will come in handy, with their dense, abundant needles, saturated with color. Pyramidal and spherical, emerald and golden, tall and dwarf, they represent a huge scope for creativity, allowing you to realize the most daring design solutions. And of course, nothing can replace the columnar thuja when creating slender alleys and green screens that visually expand and lengthen the space.

Thuja - decorative perennial, has long been used in the beautification of cities and household plots. Due to the unique shape of the leaves, thuja is most often used in the creation of green hedges and alleys.

Tui reproduction

Reproduction is carried out in several ways:

• seeds;
• cuttings;
• seedlings http://terra-market.ru.

Among all the method of reproduction, cuttings are the most rational. To determine all the advantages and disadvantages, consider each method in detail.

Growing from seed

Growing from seeds is a long and complicated process. Until the moment when a seedling grown from a seed becomes ready for planting in a permanent place, at least five years must pass. In the process of development, such a plant loses its varietal properties.

Despite the shortcomings, this method of cultivation also has good sides - a seedling grows from a seed that is as prepared as possible for local natural conditions.

For planting, you need to take healthy seeds that have spent the winter under the snow. Thus, they harden and get used to weather conditions. In the spring, the seeds are placed in a box with a nutrient substrate, sprinkled with soil with the addition of coniferous sawdust.

Shoots require careful care:

• regular hydration;
• Sun protection;
• timely feeding.

In the fifth year, plants can be placed in open ground.

Reproduction by cuttings

Coniferous plants lend themselves well to cuttings, while maintaining their varietal qualities. As a rule, thuja shoots are separated in April. It is best to take 2-3-year-old cuttings from the upper crown area. It is recommended to separate the shoots 20 cm long manually, due to which a particle of last year's wood enriched with useful substances is preserved at the end of the shoot.

Before planting, young shoots must be disinfected. To do this, briefly dip them in a solution of potassium permanganate and then soak them for a day in a solution with a root growth stimulator.

For planting cuttings, boxes with sand or garden soil containing sand are used. Containers must be placed in a hanging state, for example - on bricks or boards. The bottom should have a sufficient number of holes so that moisture does not accumulate, and oxygen freely flows to the root system.

Drainage is laid out at the bottom; small river pebbles can be used for this. Before planting, it is recommended to boil the sand and spill it with a 3% solution of potassium permanganate. Shoots should be placed in the substrate by 2 cm. Compact the soil and spill it well with water. When watering, it is necessary to ensure that the earth does not erode with water, and the stalk does not move.

Boxes with seedlings should winter in a warm, shady room. Optimum temperature for good rooting 18-23 degrees.

Seedlings are planted in the ground in autumn. Soil for thuja needs acidified with the addition of peat. It takes an average of 2-3 years to grow seedlings.

Spring landing of thuja in the ground

Thuya is pretty unpretentious plant capable of accommodating well in different time of the year. And yet, experienced experts advise planting thuja in the spring.

When choosing permanent place for thuja, it should be borne in mind that she prefers shady places. On too sunny area the plant will wither and it is difficult to endure low temperatures; in a dark place, the thuja slowly develops and loses its decorative qualities. Ideal conditions for thuja - light shade, protection from strong winds, nearby groundwater.

How to plant thuja?

• Dig a hole - 70-80 cm deep and 90-100 cm in diameter. It should easily enter an earthen room.
• A little substrate is laid at the bottom with the addition of fertilizers.
• Gently place the seedling in the hole, keeping the earthen coma intact. The root neck of the thuja should be parallel to the soil surface.
• mix garden soil, peat, sand in equal parts, fill in and lightly tamp.

Miniature varieties should be located at a distance of about 1 meter. Large species - up to 5 meters. After landing in the ground, watering and primary feeding are required. Watering frequency is determined temperature conditions and plenty of rain. In the heat, it is necessary to water at least twice a week; in early spring, once is enough. In rainy seasons, watering the thuja is not necessary.

Watering mode

Sufficient watering is necessary for good growth and development of thuja. The irrigation regime provides for the introduction of 10 liters of water into the root part once a week. In dry weather - 2-3 times a week.

Also, thuja needs sufficient sprinkling - irrigation of the crown. You can irrigate thuja 1-2 times a day.

top dressing

To achieve rapid growth and improve the decorative qualities of thuja, you can use timely fertilizer. It is recommended to feed thuja 1-2 times per season.

For sufficient moisture retention, protection against weeds and improve fertility, the trunk circle is mulched with compost or sawdust.

Haircut and trim

As a rule, during the first two years, the thuja is not cut. This allows her to develop a strong root system, and the grower to determine the condition and needs of the plant.

When pruning thuja, you must follow the rules:

2. Pruning is done in dry weather.

3. Before cutting, dry parts are removed and, if necessary, thin out the bush.

5. For the growth of the bush in width is cut top part plants.

Preparing thuja for winter

Young seedlings in the first years of growth require additional shelter. To insulate the thuja, a non-woven spunbond or a thick greenhouse film is used. The roots are protected with fallen leaves, which are removed in the spring.

Mature bushes protect from snow and winds, branches are pulled together to the trunk. As it accumulates, snow deposits are removed to prevent mold.

25 photos of proper thuja care

Possible proportions of the landing composition: 2 parts of humus, 2 portions of peat, 1 portion of sand, 2 portions of turf. During planting, it is preferable to put 150 grams of Fertiki and 300 grams of compost into each seedling.

The depth of the hole depends on the volume of the roots, on average, its dimensions are 50 * 85 cm. Seedlings are planted immediately after purchase in order to prevent the roots from drying out, carefully avoiding the destruction of the soil clod. After planting, the juniper is watered big amount water and shelter from the sun. The interval between planted seedlings depends on the design of the garden, a joint or single landing, and varies from 0.5 to 2 meters.

Sowing seedlings

When collecting seeds for seedlings, it is necessary to remember the importance of time - preference is given to a mature seed collected at the end of August, rather than a fully mature one taken in the autumn. Since the percentage of germination of the first collection condition is higher.

Seeds are not subject to storage, they are immediately planted, but you should know that the dense shell of the seed delays its germination, up to three years.

You can plant juniper seeds in the forest, marking the location, this is done to limit the repetition of the conditions of natural growth. When transplanting, they are dug out with a sufficiently voluminous lump of soil, preserving the surface layer of humus.

Despite the fact that the melon is a "purebred southerner", summer residents grow it not only in the south. And all because this culture is exceptionally tasty and very healthy. And varieties “for the market” do not always have high taste qualities, not like fruits from their own garden or greenhouse. True, the melon has its own "secrets", but they are not particularly difficult. Therefore, if you have not yet grown a melon on your hundred square meters, you must definitely try it, at least once!

Salad "Red Sea" with squid, crab sticks and red caviar - a light and healthy snack that is suitable for a pescatarian menu, it can also be prepared on fasting days when fish and seafood are allowed on the menu. The salad is simply extremely tasty and it is prepared easily. Buy frozen squids. I do not advise you to cook a dish with giant squid fillet, although it looks appetizing and tempting, it has a sharp ammonia flavor that is difficult to get rid of.

Columnar trees differ from ordinary fruit trees in their compact crown, small height, and lack of lateral branching. With a slight habitus, these miracle trees are distinguished by their ability to form large crops of large, tasty and beautiful fruits. On 1-2 acres, you can place up to 20-25 columnar trees - varieties of apple trees, pears, plums, peaches, cherries, apricots and other crops of different maturity. Our article will tell about the features of creating a columnar garden.

August can be a little sad - autumn, followed by a long winter, is already on the threshold. But the flower beds are still full of multicolor, and their colors create an atmosphere of warmth and joy. The rich palette of August flower beds mainly consists of yellows, oranges, and crimson tones. And it seems as if the garden has become warmer and the color of the sun has increased. What flowers should definitely be planted in flower beds so that they brighten up the inevitable departure of summer with flowering?

Peach jam with bananas is fragrant, thick, healthy and, most importantly, it has half as much sugar as ordinary jam. This is a quick jam with pectin, and pectin powder is known to reduce the sugar content in jam, or even make it without sugar. Sugar-free jams are fashionable sweets nowadays, they are very popular among supporters healthy lifestyle life. Peaches for harvesting can be of any degree of maturity, bananas too.

Coriander is one of the most popular spices in the world, and its greens are called cilantro or cilantro. Interestingly, cilantro leaves no one indifferent. Some people adore it and are happy to use it in any salads and sandwiches, and they love Borodino bread for the special flavor of coriander seeds. Others, referring to the smell that evokes associations with forest bugs, hate coriander and flatly refuse to approach bunches of cilantro even in the market, let alone plant it in their garden.

Saintpaulias are making a comeback and redefining the cute blooming violets that love to live on any windowsill. Trends in the "market" for uzambara violets indicate a rapid increase in interest in plants with unusual leaves. More and more admiring glances are attracted not by unusual colors of flowers, but by exotic variegated colors of leaves. Variegated saintpaulias are almost no different in cultivation from all the others.

Sweet and sour pickled cherry tomatoes with red onion and basil marinated with balsamic vinegar and mustard. Such pickled vegetables will decorate any festive table, they are very tasty and fragrant. Marinade filling is a completely different story: it turns out delicious brine, the only drawback of which is not a large number of. Onions choose sweet, red. Cherry - strong, slightly unripe, the smallest. Fresh basil is suitable for both green and purple.

My first acquaintance with hydrogel took place a very long time ago. Back in the nineties, my husband brought funny multi-colored balls from Japan, which greatly increased in size if they were filled with water. They were supposed to put bouquets or use them in some other decorative purposes. Of course, at first it was funny, but then I played enough and abandoned them, I don’t even remember where they went. But I recently returned to the use of hydrogel. I will share my experience in this article.

Watermelon and summer are inseparable concepts. However, not in every area you will find melons. And all because this African plant takes up a lot of space, is quite demanding on both heat and the sun, and also on competent watering. But still, watermelon is so loved that today not only southerners, but much more northern summer residents have learned to grow it. It turns out that you can find an approach to such a capricious plant, and if you want, you can get a decent harvest.

You can cook red gooseberry jam in 10 minutes. However, it should be borne in mind that this is the time required for cooking jam without preparing berries. It takes a lot of time to harvest and prepare berries for processing. Cruel thorns discourage any desire to harvest, but you still have to cut off your noses and tails. But the result is worth it, the jam turns out to be excellent, one of the most fragrant, in my opinion, and the taste is such that it is impossible to tear yourself away from the jar.

Monsters, anthuriums, caladiums, dieffenbachia ... Representatives of the Aroid family are considered one of the most popular categories indoor plants. And not the last factor widespread- variety. Aroids are represented by aquatic plants, epiphytes, semi-epiphytes, tuberous and vines. But despite such a diversity, because of which it is sometimes difficult to guess the relationship of plants, aroids are very similar to each other and require the same care.

Salad "Donskoy" for the winter - a savory appetizer of fresh vegetables in a sweet and sour marinade with olive oil and balsamic vinegar. IN original recipe regular or apple cider vinegar, but with a combination of wine vinegar and light Balsamico, it turns out much tastier. Salad can be prepared without sterilization - bring the vegetables to a boil, put them in sterile jars and wrap them warmly. You can also pasteurize blanks at a temperature of 85 degrees, then cool quickly.

The main collected mushrooms: porcini, boletus, boletus, chanterelles, boletus, mossiness mushrooms, russula, milk mushrooms, volnushki, saffron mushrooms, honey mushrooms. Other mushrooms are collected depending on the region. And their name (other mushrooms) is legion. As well as mushroom pickers, which are becoming more and more every year. Therefore, there may not be enough for all known mushrooms. And I know for sure that among the little-known come across very worthy representatives. I will tell you about little-known, but tasty and healthy mushrooms in this article.

The word "ampel" comes from the German word "ampel", meaning a hanging container for flowers. Fashion for hanging flower beds came to us from Europe. And today it is very difficult to imagine a garden where at least one hanging basket was not found. In response to the growing popularity of container floriculture, a large number of ampelous plants, whose shoots easily fall outside the pots. Let's talk about those that are valued for their beautiful flowers.

Plant thuja (lat. Thuja), or life tree, belongs to the genus of gymnosperms of coniferous plants of the Cypress family, like juniper, sequoia, taxodium, cypress and cypress. Thuja was brought to Europe from East Asia or America. The Latin name of the plant has an ancient Greek root, meaning "sacrifice", "incense" - apparently, there is a connection between the name of the plant and the smell of aromatic thuja rocks ritually burned as incense. The genus includes 6 species, whose representatives sometimes live up to 150 years, although there are also much more mature specimens.

In addition to some species, about 120 varieties of plants are grown in the culture, differing in the color and quality of the needles and the shape of the crown. thuja in landscape design is one of the basic plants and is grown as a tapeworm or in a group, and is also used to decorate alleys, borders, and create hedges.

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Planting and caring for thuja (in short)

• Landing: it is possible in the fall, but more reliable in the spring.
• Bloom: the plant is grown as an ornamental deciduous plant.
• Lighting: bright light in the morning and partial shade in the afternoon.
• The soil: nutritious, sandy or loamy.
• Watering: sprinkling method. Newly planted seedlings are watered every week, adults a little less often. Water consumption - from 10 to 50 liters per plant.
• Top dressing: spring, full mineral fertilizer. If you fertilized when planting, the plant is fed for the first time only after two years.
• Pruning: for sanitary purposes - it is better in the spring, and forming pruning for arborvitae is optional.
• Reproduction: species plants can be propagated both vegetatively and by seeds, and varietal plants can only be propagated by vegetative methods: cuttings and dividing the bush.
• Pests: false shields and aphids.
• Diseases: brown shute, cytosporosis, fusarium.

Read more about growing thuja below.

Thuja tree - description

Thuja - evergreen shrubs or trees, sometimes in nature reaching 70 m in height with a trunk diameter of 6 m. In cultivation, thuja rarely grows above 11 meters. In young thuja, the needles are needle-shaped, soft, light green in color, while in adults the leaves are darker green, crosswise opposite, scaly. Tui are monoecious plants, their fruits are oval or oblong cones with flat seeds that ripen in the first year. Thuja is not capricious in care, smoke-resistant, cold-resistant, and such a species as western thuja tolerates even cold winters well.

Planting thuja

When to plant thuja

Before you plant a thuja, you need to choose a suitable site for it. Thuja is photophilous, however, from being in the sun for a whole day, it becomes dehydrated, and this leads to the fact that thuja does not tolerate winter well. Therefore, the place for the thuja should be bright, but at noon the sun should not fall on it. In addition, thuja does not tolerate drafts.

Soil for thuja is desirable nutritious- soddy land with the addition of sand and peat, although thuja grows on less rich soils - in marshy, sandy loam and clay. You can plant thuja in spring or autumn, but planting thuja in autumn does not give you confidence that the plant will have time to adapt in the open field before winter.

How to plant thuja

The size of the pit for the thuja depends on the size of the root system of the seedling - it should be 35-40 cm wider and 15-30 cm more in depth than the earthen clod of the thuja. If you plant several plants, the distance between them, depending on the size of adult plants, is maintained from 1 to 5 m. When planting thuja along the alley, the distance between seedlings is kept at 3.5-4 m. A mixture of soil with a small amount of compost or well-rotted manure.

Before planting, the roots of the seedling should be kept in a container with water until air bubbles stop coming out. After that, put the tree in the center of the hole, straighten the roots, make sure that root neck located just above the soil level, fill the hole with good soil mixture, carefully and carefully compact it, being careful not to damage the base of the trunk, and water the seedling abundantly at the rate of 1.5-2 watering cans per plant. When the water is absorbed and the earth settles slightly, mulch the trunk circle with wood chips, peat, compost or pine bark - the mulch will protect the thuja roots from too hot or too cold weather and retain moisture in the soil for a long time.

However, do not allow the mulch to cover the trunk or lower branches of the plant - they can get wet under the mulch.

Thuja care in the garden

How to grow thuja

Thuja is very responsive to watering, especially she likes sprinkling. In the first weeks after planting, thuja seedlings are watered weekly at the rate of 10-50 liters of water per seedling, depending on its size. If you arrange sprinkling for young plants, this will not only moisten the soil and water the roots of the thuja, but also wash off the dust from the needles, the stomata of the leaves will open, and it will become much easier for the plant to breathe, respectively, all physiological processes will proceed faster. After watering, the soil around the thuja is loosened, but not deeper than 8-10 cm, since the root system of the plant is superficial.

Thuja is fed in the spring with complex mineral fertilizer, for example, Kemira-universal solution at the rate of 50-60 g per m². If you applied fertilizer to the soil when planting, then next time it will be necessary to feed the plant only after two years.

Thuja responds well to pruning - the more often and stronger it is cut, the thicker and more magnificent it becomes. There are no strict deadlines for pruning, but it is better to do this in the spring, before the buds open. If you grow a hedge from a thuja, then you have no choice: you want it, you don’t want it, but you have to cut it. A thuja growing as a solo plant will need at least sanitary and thinning pruning. But if the thuja grow in a group, you will have to form their crowns, otherwise they will look messy.

Start forming the crown when the plants have already grown to the size you need. Sometimes one haircut a year is enough - in the spring, but usually there is a need for re-pruning - in late summer or early autumn. Some forms need constant adjustment of the crown, but no more than one third of the shoot can be cut at a time, otherwise the plant may weaken. The first pruning of the thuja is carried out no earlier than at 2-3 years of age. Use a sharp, powerful pruner for cutting so that it does not chew the shoots and does not leave dents on them.

That's like all the information on how to care for thuja. As you can see, planting and caring for a thuja will not take you much time, but the healthy appearance of this elegant evergreen plant will certainly make your garden more beautiful.

Tui transplant

By different reasons we sometimes have to transplant already mature plants from one place to another. Conifers are easy enough to transplant if you know how to do it. Around medium-sized plants, you need to pierce the soil in a circle with a sharp shovel at a distance of 40-50 cm from the trunk, then carefully pry the plant along with the near-stem area outlined by a circle, remove it from the soil, transport it to a new place with a wheelbarrow, trying not to destroy the earthen lump, and immediately to plant. More large plants they need to be bayoneted a year before transplantation, so that they have time to grow new young roots inside an earthen clod limited by a circle - as a result, the earth will not fall apart during extraction, and transportation will be painless for the plant. In a new place, thuja takes root easier than other coniferous plants.

Pests and diseases of thuja

Thuja is prone to such fungal diseases as brown shutte, fusarium and cytosporosis, which affect the shoots and needles of the plant. In the fight against them, treatment with Bordeaux liquid or Kartocide is used - thuja treatment begins in the spring and is repeated every two weeks until the thuja recovers.

Thuja reproduces both generatively and vegetatively. If you propagate species thuja, then you can do it with seeds. But varieties and forms must be propagated vegetatively - by cuttings or by dividing the bush, since the thuja from seeds does not retain the varietal characteristics of the parent plants.

Propagation of thuja cuttings

Propagation of thuja by cuttings is carried out with the help of lignified two-three-year-old shoots cut in June, 25-40 cm long or semi-lignified shoots of the current year, 10 to 20 cm long. planted to a depth of 1.5-2.5 cm in a mixture of equal parts of soddy soil, peat and sand, spilled for disinfection with a warm solution of potassium permanganate, and cover the planting with plastic wrap.

For successful rooting of the cuttings, it is necessary to maintain high air humidity in the greenhouse without waterlogging the substrate, so the soil is not watered, but sprayed from a sprayer. As soon as the cuttings take root, they begin to ventilate and gradually harden until it is time to remove the film. With the onset of late autumn, the cuttings are covered with dry leaves, sawdust, and preferably spruce branches, and if the temperature drops to -5-7 ºC, a film is thrown over the spruce branches.

Growing thuja from seeds

In order to grow thuja from seed, you will need from three to five years. You need to sow only freshly harvested thuja seeds, having previously subjected them to natural stratification from autumn to spring under snow or in the refrigerator. In spring, the seeds are sown in beds in partial shade, to a depth of only 0.5 cm, and lightly sprinkled with sawdust of coniferous trees. Then the crops are covered from the sun with shields, and the soil is kept loose and slightly moist all the time. After the emergence of seedlings, the site is mulched with peat.

Twice a month, seedlings are fed with a solution of complete mineral fertilizer. During the first season, seedlings usually grow up to 7-8 cm. Young arborvitae are covered with spruce branches for the winter, and on top with a film. The next spring, the shelter is removed, and the seedlings are looked after, as last year - they mulch the soil, water, remove weeds and feed. On the third spring, when the plants reach a height of 50 cm, they are planted in a permanent place.

Thuja in the country in winter

Thuja in autumn

In the fall, both watering and feeding the thuja are stopped, since the plant must prepare for a dormant period.

How to cover thuja

Young plants that are under five years old should be covered with spruce branches for the winter. Before you cover the thuja for the winter, it is highly spudded, and the trunk area is mulched with a thick layer of peat. Mature plants hibernate without shelter, but it is necessary to mulch the area around them.

wintering thuja

If too much snow falls in winter, it can break the dense crown and branches of even an adult large thuja. To prevent this from happening, thujas are tied with twine for the winter. At the end of winter, so that the thuja does not suffer from the strong spring sun, a non-woven covering material is thrown over it. Sometimes, from sudden changes in temperature in winter, cracks form on the bark of the thuja. In the spring they are covered with garden pitch and the bark is tightly pulled together so that the wounds heal.

Types and varieties of thuja

Thuja western (Thuja occidentalis)

When we talk about cultural thuja, we first of all mean the type of western thuja - it is it that is represented in our gardens, parks and squares by a huge number of its varieties, forms and varieties. In Europe, it was introduced into culture in the 16th century. Large specimens of this species reach a height of 8-12 m. Western thuja is a long-liver among trees, it can live up to a thousand years. At a young age, it is a pyramidal tree, later the shape of the crown becomes ovoid.

For landscaping, plants of a pin-shaped, cone-shaped or columnar shape are usually used. For example:

• thuja brabant- a tree 15-21 m high with a conical crown shape with a diameter of 3-4 m. The bark is exfoliating, gray-brown or reddish. The needles are green, scaly. Tui cones of this variety are oblong-ovate, Brown color, up to 12 mm long;
• thuja Smaragd- This is a squat variety up to 2 m high with a cone-shaped crown and weak branching. On vertically arranged shoots, glossy evergreen branches are far from each other. Planting and caring for the Smaragd thuja is carried out in accordance with the recommendations in this article. The variety is in great demand.

Among the group of varieties with a spherical crown shape, the most famous are:

• thuja Danica- a dwarf form of thuja of Danish selection with a gray-brown or reddish exfoliating bark, thick, soft, shiny green scaly needles, which acquire a brownish tint in winter;
• thuja woodward- spherical thuja of dwarf size - no higher than 2.5 m with a crown diameter of 5 m. Its shoots and branches are straight and flat. The needles are dark green.

Attract gardeners and varieties of cascading, filamentous form, which include:

• thuja Filiformis- a tree up to 1.5 m high with a dense round or wide cone-shaped crown, long filiform hanging shoots that almost do not branch. The young needles are light green, in winter it becomes brown.

Not so long ago, a heather-like form of thuja was bred, for example:

• thuja erikoides- no more than a meter high, reminiscent of juniper, with a rounded multi-apex wide-conical crown, numerous thin flexible shoots, straight or bent, and subulate soft needles, dull yellow-green above, gray-green below. In winter, the needles turn brown.

A form was also developed with two types of needles on one plant - needle-shaped and scaly, with a strange growth of the crown: at the age of 8-10, it breaks up into several peaks and instead of one thuja, a group of plants is formed.

Thuja folded (Thuja plicata)

The culture also cultivates a species of thuja folded, or thuja giant, which grows naturally along the Pacific coast and is the highest mountain species of thuja. It reaches a height of 60 m with a trunk diameter of 3-4 m, although its achievements in culture are not so high. Thuja folded has several decorative forms, of which the most famous is Zebrina.

Thuja Korean (Thuja koraiensis)

is a wide shrub or tree up to 9 m high. The needles are elegant, whitish, almost silvery. However, this attractive plant needs shelter in winter.

Thuja Japanese (Thuja standishii)

grows in places natural habitat, in the mountains of Central Japan, up to 18 m in height, it has a wide cone-shaped crown with copper-red bark and branches silvery on the underside, which, when rubbed, smell of eucalyptus caramel and lemon. In cool areas, Japanese thuja grows slowly; in warm areas, growth accelerates noticeably.

Thuja orientalis (Thuja orientalis), or flathead (Platycladus)

allocated to the subgenus biota, of which it is the only representative. In nature, it grows in China, and in culture it has been bred for several centuries in Central Asia. It is a large shrub or spreading tree with a lacy crown that is widely used in landscaping. Thuja orientalis has more than 60 garden forms unfortunately not winter hardy.