How to plant a pear in the spring. Proper planting pear

We sowed or planted most of the plants in the spring and it seems that in the middle of summer we can already relax. But experienced gardeners know that July is the time for planting vegetables for a late harvest and the possibility of longer storage. This also applies to potatoes. Early summer harvest potato is better to use quickly, it is not suitable for long-term storage. But the second crop of potatoes is exactly what is needed for winter and spring consumption.

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“Each vegetable has its own time”, and each plant has its own optimal time for landing. Anyone who has experienced planting is well aware that the hot season for planting is spring and autumn. This is due to several factors: in spring, the plants have not yet started to grow rapidly, there is no sweltering heat, and precipitation often falls. However, no matter how hard we try, circumstances often develop in such a way that landings have to be carried out at the very height of summer.

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The pear is a popular fruit tree that delights gardeners with delicious fruits. In care, it is quite demanding, so beginners often have the question of how to plant a pear and care for it. First of all, you need to choose the right time for planting and root the seedling. How to plant a pear, choose high-quality seedlings and care for them, we will consider in this article.

The best time to plant a tree

When choosing the time for planting a pear, you need to take into account the climate in the region in which the site is located. In the south of Russia, where warm and sunny weather lasts for a long time, for planting fruit trees good to choose autumn period, because in summer the seedlings can simply die under the scorching sun. In the north of the country the best period for rooting plants - spring. In April-May, warm weather sets in, the earth warms up enough for sowing.

The most difficult choice faces the inhabitants of the central part of Russia. So they need to evaluate everything possible advantages and cons of planting a pear at one time or another. Spring planting is safer, the likelihood of frost returning is much lower. In summer, the tree can take root properly, get enough food and prepare for the upcoming winter. Best time in order to plant a pear - the period from early to mid-April.

Autumn planting also has its advantages: at this time of the year it is easier to choose a suitable seedling in special places, their choice is simply huge. Those trees that hibernate after autumn rooting get used to the climate faster and tolerate temperature changes more easily. Some experienced gardeners combine the two planting methods and buy the most best seedlings autumn, store them and plant with the onset of spring heat. It is best to plant them before mid-autumn., this is the right time.

Choosing the best site for spring planting pears

The pear tree loves warmth very much, so the planting site should be on the plain, be well lit and dry. Low-lying places with poor lighting are absolutely not suitable for this, they are usually too humid due to ground water. With the onset of frost, this can cause frostbite of the roots of the tree and its death.

The area must be bright. throughout the entire period of pear growth, so next to it you should not plan the construction of buildings and tall structures. You should also protect the pear from other tall plants that can create shading with their foliage. The distance to other trees should be at least 2 meters. Remember that the pear tree grows for a long time, its lifespan reaches 90 years, and in these years it can grow up to 35 meters in height.

At the landing site should be the highest quality land. The most suitable soil for a pear is a well-ventilated earth, fertilized with mineral supplements and capable of stopping and holding excess moisture at the roots of the tree. Pear is not recommended to transplant during the entire period of fruiting, so the place for planting it must be chosen carefully and once.

Choosing a seedling for planting a pear

You can choose a seedling for planting in any season, the most important thing is that it be healthy, strong and subsequently become a tree with a high yield. The most suitable age for rooting seedlings - 1-2 years. If he is older, it will be harder for him to adapt after landing. Such seedlings often die before they reach the first frost. An annual tree is an excellent choice for the southern regions of our country, in the center you can choose a healthy seedling at the age of about 2 years.

When choosing a pear seedling external characteristics must be taken into account:

• The elastic body of the trunk and branches in the crown;
• The number of root processes;
• Healthy appearance, no scratches, wounds or other damage.

Before planting a pear on the site, you need to prepare it. Dry twigs are cut with a garden knife and inspected root system. It is better to first lower the roots into a bucket of water so that they are saturated with moisture, and leave it there for 24 hours. . Can be added to a bucket of water a little honey nutrients in its composition will accelerate the process of root formation. Just one tablespoon of honey per bucket of water is enough. All this will help the plant to take root faster in the open field.

A hole for a pear must be dug so deep that the neck of the root is not completely covered with soil (this can lead to the death of the plant). The neck at the root of the tree is in the place where the roots begin and the trunk ends. It is slightly different in color from the rest of the bark: Right place darker than the entire root system.

How to prepare a hole for planting a pear

Site preparation must begin in advance. If it is decided to plant a pear in the spring, then a pit for it can be prepared in the fall. So the soil is better saturated with water during the melting snow.

It is necessary to have time to prepare a place for planting before the onset of the first autumn frosts. In the central part of Russia, it is better to have time to finish all the preparations before the beginning of November. So the pit for the seedling will be saturated with all the vitamins and minerals necessary for the rooting of the plant, and the earth will acquire the necessary softness. There is another merit at early preparation of the site: during the wintering period, all harmful bacteria and infections will die in the pit, the place will become safe for the young tree. It is important to bear in mind that during the wintering period, the soil in the pit will drop by about a quarter of its original volume.

Digging a hole for a pear, you need to remove it from the ground upper layer and take it away for a while. The soil from this layer will become the basis for planting. The lowest layer, which is at a depth of about half a meter, does not need to be used. . It has few nutrients and is considered infertile. The ideal planting depth of a seedling is from 55 to 80 centimeters.

Alternate layers when rooting need as follows:

1. humus;
2. clean river sand;
3. any phosphate fertilizer;
4. a layer of potassium nutrient fertilizer.

Before placing the last layer with mineral fertilizers in the pit, the pit must be watered abundantly. This is done in the following sequence: a bucket of water with diluted limestone is poured in, then they are filled with clean, settled water.

Before wintering, the pit must be covered with flooring..

Step-by-step instructions for planting pears in spring

A rooted tree is recommended to be watered 2 times a month. When it stands steadily in the ground, it will be possible to tie it with a nylon rope to a stick prepared in advance. In order not to injure the young and thin bark of the seedling, in the place where the rope will be tied, you need to fix a piece of rubber.

As you can see planting a pear in spring is easy. There are many benefits to spring planting. Subject to all the rules for caring for a young seedling, the tree will grow healthy and will bear fruit for many years.

The autumn period is not so popular with gardeners in terms of acquiring and planting seedlings. At the same time, autumn brings its own advantages in planting, and the results are sometimes pleasantly surprising and even more so than with traditional spring plantings. Among the crops that can be planted in the fall is a pear. If you follow the rules of planting, it is guaranteed to take root on the site and in the future will bestow its fruits.

Benefits of fall planting

You know that in the fall to find a quality planting material even easier? Everything is very simple - by this time the seedlings develop a strong root system, and the wood becomes mature.

It is noticed that in autumn the choice of varieties is more diverse, and the price level is lower. And this is explained, among other things, by the weaker attention of gardeners to autumn plantings. This can be successfully used and acquired excellent strong seedlings. At this time, it is much easier to find them.

We are talking about two-year-old and one-year-old seedlings, which by the time of purchase have a well-developed aboveground and underground part. During digging, the central root is better preserved.

In autumn, the earth still retains heat, which is very suitable for the seedling to take root. In the spring, often by the time of planting, the earth does not have time to warm up, which puts the life of the seedling at risk.

Pear varieties

Autumn planting does not have any specificity in relation to the variety, and therefore those varieties that are planted in the spring can be planted with the same success in the fall.

Here is a list of some of the most successful varieties for cultivation. They are divided into summer and autumn groups.

Summer group of varieties:

• Banana - with juicy and crunchy fruits with a banana flavor. Good yield with moderate growth.
• Vidnaya is a vigorous variety with sweet and sour refreshing fruits. Very fruitful. Scab resistant.
• Petrovskaya is a popular variety with very tasty fruits. With its not the most outstanding growth parameters, it has excellent yields.
• The same age is a semi-dwarf late summer variety. The fruits are harvested while still green and left to ripen for a month and a half at a temperature of + 5-10 degrees.

Autumn group of varieties:

• Velesa is one of the best late autumn varieties. Received its recognition for its excellent taste and good yield. The fruits can be used for all types of processing.
• Thumbelina - a variety with medium-sized fruits that are very sweet in taste. Fruits are stored in the refrigerator for a long time - until December. Fruiting occurs only at 6-7 years.
• Yurievskaya is a late variety with sweet and sour fruits that can be stored until January. beautiful trees with a drooping crown, grow well.

Photo gallery: variety of varieties

autumn variety Veles summer variety"Petrovskaya" Summer variety "Vidnaya"
Autumn variety "Thumbelina"

Stages of work

Planting a pear is a simple process, but has several of its own characteristics. First, let's prepare the landing pit. The dimensions of the pit are great importance. It should be at least 60 cm deep and at least a meter in diameter.

How more pit, the better will be the conditions for the adaptation of the seedling and the longer they will be provided.

But there is another way, in which a recess is dug in the ground according to the size of the root system of the seedling. In some cases, a seedling is generally placed on well-loosened soil and sprinkled on top of it until a hill forms. Then the hill is slightly expanded.

The larger the hole for planting a pear seedling, the more likely it is to take root

The planting hole must be properly dug. Its walls are made sheer, and a layer of fertile earth is poured into the pit. It is necessary to dig a hole in advance, since the soil tends to sag, and the depth of the hole tends to increase. This negatively affects the root system of the seedling.

A separate moment is digging a hole in loamy soil. Its depth is doubled, and wooden pieces, chips or cardboard are poured at the bottom with a layer of at least 30 cm. Then a layer of turf is laid, and after it sawdust with lime is poured. And on top of all this, earth from the garden is poured.

Planting a pear seedling with a closed root system

There is a distinctive point regarding planting a pear seedling with a closed root system. Before planting in the ground from the container, the ground is watered and allowed to stand for 5-10 minutes. During this time, the water will be absorbed into the earthen ball and will not allow it to fall apart during transplantation. To remove a seedling from the container, it is taken by the trunk near the ground, while turning the container with the plant over, and carefully removed from the container. The seedling is placed in a dug hole and the voids are filled with earth, after which the earth is tightly trampled down.

The scheme of planting a pear seedling with an open root system

A seedling with an open root system is placed on a mound, its roots are straightened along the mound, the voids between them are filled with earth. Then the remaining place is covered with soil and compacted around the seedling.

There are some nuances when planting seedlings. For example, it is strongly not recommended to bury a seedling when planting. The root neck, being covered with earth, will periodically prop up, the tree will hurt and may die. In addition, the growth and development of the seedling will be significantly slowed down, and the fruits will be small and with poor taste.

When planting seedlings, pears are usually applied mineral fertilizers. They must be thoroughly mixed with the ground and lay the mixture below the level of the roots so that they do not get burned. In this case, the seedling will grow and develop better.

In areas where groundwater is high, pear seedlings are planted on a mound 70 cm high. The pear does not like high humidity very much, and if there is one in the soil, it is required to place the root system as far as possible from groundwater.

Video: pear planting process

seedling care

They planted a seedling, watered it (by the way, in autumn, unlike in the spring, it is enough to water it once or twice) - the work has not ended. An important component of a good adaptation of a tree in a new place is pruning. And this is especially true for those varieties that have a one-sided or crooked crown. Each leaf of a pear should receive light and heat in abundance. That is why all the branches growing inside the crown should be cut off without hesitation.

You can often find the opinion that the lower branches are subject to pruning, since they do not bear fruit. In fact, fruits are not tied to them only because of the lack of sunlight.

The most important thing for a pear is sunlight. When pruning branches, it is necessary to proceed precisely from this fact, and all those branches that, in your opinion, will be shaded by others, are subject to pruning.

Watering the seedling after planting is a prerequisite - it must be provided with moisture and at the same time, voids must be found that must be filled with earth

After planting the seedling, be sure to water it well. The earth after watering will sag, forming voids. They will need to be filled with earth, and then mulched with a layer of peat or humus 5–7 cm thick.

A pear sapling, planted in the fall according to all the rules, should endure the winter without any problems. And having grown stronger, he will start growing with redoubled energy next season. After a few years (depending on the variety), the pear will begin to bear its first fruits, and with proper care it will show all its best qualities.

It is the most important stage in the cultivation of pears.

If it is not produced correctly, then a good harvest will ripen for a long time, or, quite possibly, the harvest may not wait at all.

How to choose the landing time

So, the first question that arises for a gardener who wants to plant is when is the best time to plant a pear in the spring? For the southern regions, this issue is easier to solve - autumn planting is more profitable, since in hot summer period it is more difficult for a seedling to take root. For northern regions everything is also clear: spring time is chosen for planting, otherwise the seedling will freeze and die in winter.

What should summer residents who live in the middle lane do? Here you need to properly weigh the pros and cons. The advantage of spring planting is that there is no need to worry about possible frosts. During the summer and autumn, the plant gains strength, becomes strong, and it is easier for him to survive the winter under a special shelter. However, the autumn period boasts another advantage: at this time it is offered big choice seedlings, and autumn plants in the future, they are distinguished by increased resistance to frost.

Growing features

The tree is usually planted in the spring, when the weather is warm enough and temperatures are not expected to drop. Planting time is chosen from the end of March to the beginning of May. It all depends on the climate zone.

Important! H necessaryplant seedlings before the growing season - in other words, before the leaves bloom during hibernation.

The Importance of Lighting

Most often, the most illuminated place with dry and even soil is chosen for planting pears. This is very important for the future development of trees. In order for pollination to be complete, it is worth planting several varieties that bloom at the same time in a sunny area. Suitable for good metabolic processes and development of pears loose substrate, which does not allow excess water and air to pass through, retains moisture in the root layer.

Soil Requirements

Fruits develop better on the soil that is rich in nutrients. Do not plant pears in the lowlands. In such areas, the groundwater level is usually high, and this after winter period negatively affects the plant.

The pear does not really like dark places, therefore, when planting a young tree, you should try to allocate such a place so that the distance from the summer house is about 3 meters.

Important! The pear planting scheme should look like this: the correct distance between young seedlings is 5-6 meters.

Landing technology

Landing is carried out in specially prepared pits, which are dug out, taking into account the root system of the tree: the roots should be located freely, without any creases. For planting in the fall, they dig a hole in 1-2 weeks. For spring - prepare in the fall.

Did you know? The better the harvest, the smaller the fruits on the trees. They are usually much larger on a young tree, so pears are pruned every year, brightening and rejuvenating the crown.

Seedling preparation

The site for the seedling is prepared in advance in September-October. For 1 square meter soil used up to 6 kilograms to 60 grams of the usual 15 grams of potassium sulfate. Fertilizer is evenly distributed over the site, and then dug up with a shovel.

Before you put the seedling in the prepared mound, you need to evenly distribute the roots of the tree and cover it with soil from above so that top part roots were 5 cm above ground level. The seedlings are shaken a couple of times so that there are no voids between the root and the soil.

For the speedy survival of the seedling, add to the hole nutrient soil along with and In areas with dense soil, coarse-grained river sand can be added to the middle of the hole.

How to prepare a hole

The pit is dug with the following dimensions: 80 centimeters wide and 70 centimeters deep. Digging is carried out with sheer walls: the fertile layer is folded to one side, and the clay to the other. Humus, turf with top soil are poured into the pit, and a mound is created. Humus and fill the soil with nutrients, and increase the coefficient of looseness.

If necessary, the soil for the seedling is treated with 500 grams of lime per 1 square meter, depending on the acidity and composition of the soil. The main part of the dose is applied in the fall, and the rest in the spring. Holes for seedlings are dug and filled in autumn according to a scheme identical to

How to plant a pear tree in spring

Planting is not a difficult process if you follow correct sequence. There is a short step-by-step instruction on how to properly plant a pear in spring:

1. Dig a hole the size of the seedling.
2. The hole must be filled with fertilizer and humus, mixing them with the ground.
3. Next, drive a stake into the hole.
4. Spread the roots, plant the tree in the hole.
5. Cover with earth, trample well so that air does not pass.
6. Tie a tree to a stake.
7. After the end of the main work, a hole for irrigation is created, and peat is poured.

Consider the landing process in more detail.

It is necessary to retreat from the center of the prepared pit 30 cm, drive in a wooden stake. The stake must be driven in with south side to protect the seedling from burns on a sunny day. In addition, the peg retains the stability of a still fragile tree in strong gusts of wind. Its height is up to the lower branch of the seedling, about 50 cm. A mound is made around it. Near the stake with north side plant a seedling, all its roots are carefully straightened. Fall asleep with fertilized soil, well tamping. When adding earth, you need to shake the seedling so that it is firmly established, so that it is very difficult to pull it out with force.

Next, the stem of the plant must be lightly tied to the support. Make a special circular hole, generously watering it with water. Finally, you need to mulch the circle. It is necessary to ensure that the entire season surrounds the trunk. You can apply additional manure, mowed and humus.

If the soil sags, you need to add it, as this will lead to the drying of the roots. Deep landing tree causes diseases of the pear, and even death.

After planting a seedling around a young tree, a small hole with a diameter of about 25 centimeters is created, which is necessary for watering. And after watering, the hole is covered with peat or humus in order to maintain soil moisture.

Planting such a large fruit tree as a pear is a responsible matter, because any nuance that is not taken into account during this important period can respond many months and even years later, when it will be very difficult or impossible to fix the problem.

But even a novice gardener, having studied how to choose seedlings and a place for them correctly, how pears are planted step by step in open ground, for many years will enjoy the aroma of snow-white flowers and juicy fruits.

Fruit trees are planted either in early spring or in autumn. The choice of landing time depends on several nuances.

Planting pears in spring

The majority of gardeners who plant gardens in areas with a rather harsh Russian climate will speak out for the spring planting of fruit trees, arguing for such a choice. the following benefits:

1. Spring planting usually begins in autumn: a landing pit is being prepared and charged, which will be in perfect condition to receive a seedling;
2. In spring, the soil, saturated with the moisture of melted snow, will provide maximum comfortable conditions for adaptation of a young tree after planting;
3. Throughout the summer season, the seedling grows and strengthens, gaining strength for the first wintering, and the gardener closely monitors its development, helping the tree and correcting problems as long as possible;
4. Spring planting is more suitable for regions where summers are short and winters come quickly and early. A fruit tree planted in autumn may not have time to take root and prepare for winter.

TO disadvantages of planting trees in early spring, they attribute the need for a tree to take root and begin the vegetative cycle at the same time, since spring takes its toll, and all living things begin to grow.

But with careful observation and careful care, this minus is insignificant.

In each region, the concept of "early spring" is determined by local climatic features. In addition, the weather does not repeat itself from year to year, therefore, when choosing the timing of planting a pear, one should take into account forecasts for the current spring.

Beyond the Ural Mountains and on the territory of Siberia, the April heat can be replaced by a sharp cold snap and snowfalls until the end of May.

So residents of risky farming areas do not carry out any planting work before mid-May.

But in the Volga region, with its rather mild climate, trees are planted already in the first half of April so that they have time to take root before the onset of heat and drought.

The middle zone of Russia, including the Moscow region, - golden mean in the planting schedule: the second half of April - the first half of May.

In any case, the main principle is the same: the earth is already amenable to digging with a shovel, and the trees have not yet blossomed their leaves.

Planting pears in autumn

Autumn planting of fruit trees is preferred in southern regions where the long warm autumn is replaced by enough mild winters.

Important advantage autumn planting in these parts with frequent droughts and hot summers, there is a risk of burnout of spring seedlings that have not had time to get strong enough.

If a pear is planted here in September or the first half of October, then by winter it will have time to grow new roots, adapt and prepare for winter.

If the autumn planting of a pear seedling in Siberia cannot be avoided, then this should happen no later than September, otherwise the risk of freezing of a fragile plant is high.

In autumn, on plots near Moscow, pears can be planted in the second half of September - early October.

There are situations when seedlings can be obtained at the most inopportune time for planting - late autumn.

In such cases, they dig a trench, lay seedlings in it at an angle, dig it in with earth, cover it with peat, fallen leaves, cover it with a non-woven fabric to protect it from frost. And in the spring they plant permanent place.

How to choose a site for planting pears

The more sunlight and heat a pear receives, the more abundant its flowering, and the fruits are sweeter and juicier.

So for this fruit tree, the most open and sunny areas preferably sheltered from strong winds.

If the laying of the garden takes place on a newly developed site, free from plantings and buildings, then fruit trees are given elevated areas where groundwater passes no closer than three meters.

In the lowlands, the garden will be uncomfortable due to high humidity and stagnation of cold air, and groundwater can completely destroy mature tree.

The fact is that the root system of a pear penetrates the layers of the earth to a fairly decent depth. Having reached the groundwater streams, the roots will begin to rot, and the tree will wither.

When planning a site for a pear, it is important to remember that a powerful root system, which grows three meters in breadth and depth, needs loose breathing loams, and communications laid underground can become an obstacle to normal development.

Pear - large tree with a rich crown, giving a fertile shade on hot days. With this in mind, the pear is planted on the north side of greenhouses and greenhouses that require maximum lighting.

How to choose pear seedlings

Buying a seedling from nurseries or specialty stores is the best option for both a beginner in gardening and experienced summer resident, because professionals are engaged in the preparation of planting material, and the seller will give qualified advice on planting and subsequent care.

Fruit tree seedlings are sold with a closed root system (in a container or bag that preserves an earthen ball, so that the roots are protected from drying out and injury) or an open root system - you can inspect the condition of the roots.

Choosing a healthy seedling is half the success when growing a pear in a summer cottage.

The gardener must critically examine the planting material, paying attention to the condition of all visible parts: the stem, shoots, buds, bark, roots.

Based on clear criteria for choosing seedlings, you can purchase the strongest and most promising plants.

How to plant a pear tree in spring. Step by step instructions

When planning a pear planting, it must be remembered that for spring planting excavation on the site is carried out in the fall, at the end of the previous season, and for planting a tree in the fall - a month in advance so that the soil has time to settle.

Soil requirements for planting pears

The pear is less demanding on the composition and acidity of the soil than other fruit trees. The best option for pears is sandy loamy soil with a slightly acidic reaction.

Agrotechnicians noticed that on soils with low acidity, the pear is less affected by scab than on neutral ones, but it does not tolerate alkalized soils at all, experiencing a deficiency of basic macro- and microelements, loses its ability to frost resistance and suffers from chlorosis.

To determine the acidity of the soil, it is not necessary to use reagents - just pay attention to weeds that prefer country cottage area:

Soil with high acidity is enriched dolomite flour, slaked lime.

To oxidize soil with high alkaline values, potassium sulfate, granular sulfur, and gypsum are added to the soil with deep digging.

On weakly alkaline soil, you can do without chemistry: dig up the earth with the introduction of increased dosages of organic matter (rotted manure, swamp peat, pine needles, oak litter compost).

Sowing green manure also improves the quality of alkaline soil: lupine and other legumes, white mustard.

Preparing a planting hole for a pear

The dimensions of the site for pears depend on the number and type of seedlings:

• For tall trees with a spreading crown and a powerful root system, the place is planned at the rate of at least 5 m per seedling;
• The distance between medium-sized pears is 4 m;
• Undersized enough 2.5 -3 m;
• Columnar can be planted after one and a half meters.

Having outlined required amount seats, dig holes up to 60 cm deep and at least 80 cm wide with vertical walls, on which notches can be made with a shovel so that it is easier for new roots to penetrate dense layers of soil.

The upper fertile layer is useful when planting a tree, so it is carefully sorted out, discarding weed roots, debris, stones.

For planting seedlings with an open root system, a stake is immediately installed in the pit, the height of which is at least half a meter above ground level. 10 - 15 cm of drainage are poured at the bottom - large expanded clay, crushed stone, broken brick, pebble.

If the soil is clayey, heavy, then the drainage is covered with a layer of sand - at least 5 cm, and the planting substrate is also diluted with sand, rotted sawdust, peat - this will provide the soil with lightness, friability and breathability.

If the soil is too light and loose, clay is poured into the bottom of the pit to retain moisture.

fertile layer soil from the pit is mixed with an equal amount of compost and humus and the pit is covered with this composition.

Immediately before planting, the soil in the pit is loosened and sprinkled with ash.

Step-by-step diagram of planting a pear

1. A seedling with an open root one day before planting is placed in a container with water (a solution of a root formation stimulator). Before this, the roots are inspected, damaged fragments are removed.
2. In a pre-charged pit, taking out the soil, make a recess so that the roots fit freely, pour a bucket of water
3. While the water is being absorbed, cut the main root of the seedling and large lateral roots with secateurs so that at least 20 cm remain: this pruning stimulates the rapid growth of new roots. Remove leftover leaves
4. Sprinkling the slices with crushed coal, the seedling is placed in the pit so that the roots are freely straightened, not broken, the support peg is on the south side of the tree trunk, and the root collar is 3-4 cm above ground level.
5. The pit is evenly covered with excavated soil, slightly shaking the seedling so that the earth closes all air cavities. When tamping the soil around the trunk, it is important not to lose sight of the level of the root neck: it should rise 2-3 cm above the ground so that subsequent shrinkage of the soil does not allow it to go into the soil. The trunk is carefully tied to the support peg in two places - above and below
6. Having formed a hole around the stem, the tree is watered (1 - 2 buckets of water), the trunk circle is mulched with compost or humus, peat, rotted sawdust, freshly cut grass. Mulch is necessary to limit the evaporation of moisture and prevent the formation of a hard earthen crust. It is more difficult for weeds to break through the mulch layer, which means that the young tree will have fewer competitors in the fight for moisture and nutrition. The pear trunk does not need to be sprinkled with mulch - the adhering of the wet layer to the bark of a still weak plant can cause rotting
7. Upon completion of planting operations, the central shaft and side shoots pears are cut to a quarter of the height.

Planting a pear with a closed root system

A seedling purchased with a closed root system is planted in the same way, but with the following features:

• The seedling does not require a support stake, since the earthen ball with which the pear will be planted will hold the vertical position of the trunk;
• The day before planting, the seedling is well watered to make it easier to remove from the container without damaging the roots;
• If it was possible to save the earthen clod, then the soil is poured into the pit, compacting the soil around the earthen clod;
• If the earthen ball has crumbled, then they are planted according to the above scheme.

All other planting steps are the same for seedlings with an open and closed root system.

The main task of the gardener is not to deepen the root neck of the tree when planting.

Seedling care

In the first season, young trees require special attention gardener, because the result in the future depends on the first months of life:

Watering

The first 10 days the seedling does not need watering.

After 10-15 days, depending on the weather, the young pear is watered at the rate of up to two buckets per tree.

The older the pear, the less often, but more abundant moisture: 1-2 times a month, 3 buckets in the trunk circle.

Mature trees benefit from sprinkling, especially during dry times.

Loosening and weeding

After each watering, the near-stem circle is cleaned of weeds and gently loosened so that air reaches the roots.

The closer to the trunk, the shallower the loosening depth, so as not to damage the roots. If necessary, the trunk circle is mulched.

top dressing

A pear planted in a properly charged hole does not need additional nutrition for the first summer.

Only a year later, in the spring, when the pear wakes up for the new season, fertilizer will be required:

• Nitrogen-containing complexes are introduced in a small amount only in early spring;
• Mullein, bird droppings, wood ash are the best means of feeding pears in the spring;
• Before flowering and during the period of fruit formation, the pear will benefit from additional application wood ash;
• Full mineral complex - in the fall, when digging the soil at the end of the season;
• In the garden, green manure is planted between the trees and mowed in the fall, mulching the near-stem circles with nutritious greenery.

Protection from pests and diseases

Careful observation of a growing tree will allow you to notice emerging problems in time and take action.

When attacked by pests (aphids, leafworms, mites, codling moth), young pears are treated with ash-soap solutions or insecticides (Actofit, Bitoxibacillin).

If symptoms of diseases (scab, rot, powdery mildew, spotting) are found, the use of fungicides (Trichodermin, Fitosporin - M, Gamair) is effective.

The drug "Gaupsin" - simultaneously fights with viral diseases, and with insects.

In autumn or early spring, the trunk of young pears is whitened to protect against insects that prefer to hide under the bark, and from the first rays of the sun that can cause burns.

Preparing a young pear for winter

Adult pears easily endure even harsh winters, and young trees require protection from both frost and rodents.

To help the pear to overwinter, the trunk is covered with spruce branches, mulched, wrapped with cloth, covering material.

From rodents, a metal or plastic mesh around the barrel, laid around or next to the trim of hoses, car tires.

Typical mistakes when planting a pear

Landing perennial crops, especially when it comes to fruit trees, you need to take into account every nuance and not neglect the advice experienced gardeners, because errors lead to irreversible consequences:

• The desire to plant an older tree in order to get fruit earlier often does not live up to the expectations of an inexperienced gardener.

The older the tree, the more difficult it takes root, the longer it adapts, the more often it gets sick. best age seedlings - 1-2 years;

• Preparing the pit just before planting is a serious mistake.

The sedimentation of the soil leads to the deepening of the root neck, as a result of which the bark begins to rot and the tree dies.

This process gradually stretches over years, so the gardener cannot understand what happened to the tree, tries to save it with enhanced feeding, which also negatively affects the already weakened plant;

• The introduction of not fully rotted manure and sawdust is very dangerous for young plantings. Continuing to overheat, these components release substances that can cause serious harm;
• Overfeeding seedlings during the season can kill the plant. The sapling is enough of the charge of nutrition, which is laid down during the correct landing;
• Excessive mulching, when a layer of mulch covers closely part of the trunk, leads to diaper rash and problems with the bark;
• For planting, you should choose varieties adapted to the conditions of this region.

For areas with severe winters - the Urals and Siberia - pears with increased frost resistance are required, for example, Skorospelka Sverdlovskaya, Severyanka, Dekabrinka, Tayozhnaya, Lel, Otradnenskaya.

IN middle lane Russia and the regions near Moscow feel good "Chizhovskaya", "Moskvichka", "August Dew", "Fairy Tale", "Allegro", "Rognedo", "Belarusian Late".

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