Despite its capriciousness, pepper is popular among gardeners. Among all agrotechnical requirements, the most crucial stage is planting seedlings. The future of the crop depends on how to plant pepper seedlings in the ground.

Planting pepper in open ground with seedlings is carried out at a temperature of + 15-16 ° C. By May 20-30, frosts are already unlikely, so plants can be planted without fear. At an earlier date, planting seedlings of peppers in open ground is not worth it. Otherwise, the plant will be stressed and the chances of a quick harvest will be in jeopardy.

If pepper seedlings are planted in open ground at a low temperature, then this threatens with hypothermia and, as a result, a small harvest. By the time of planting, seedlings should have up to 12 leaves. Before planting in open ground, it is desirable that the seedlings be about 3 months old. Seedlings should not be overgrown, otherwise they will not bear fruit later. It will be correct to sow late varieties - in early March, and early ones - in the second half of the month. In this case, the seedlings will be in perfect condition for planting in the ground. Seedlings for the greenhouse are planted in the ground on May 1-15.

Site selection and soil preparation

Peppers need light, so the site for planting them should be sunny and protected from drafts. In autumn, it is necessary to remove garbage, fertilize the soil with manure and phosphorus. Pay attention to what kind of garden crop grew on this site earlier: if it was potatoes, eggplants or tomatoes, then look elsewhere; if cabbage, cucumbers, pumpkin, beans, then this is the right place, you can safely plant peppers.

A bucket of manure and peat is added to the loamy soil, mixed with ½ a bucket of rotted sawdust. Sand is also added to clay soil. In peat soil - humus and clay soil in equal proportions. Recipe for fertilizing sandy soil: two parts of peat and clay soil are mixed with two parts of humus and one part of sawdust. The weed-free and fertilized soil must be well-drained to retain moisture. During the week, the garden, on which the soil was fertilized, is watered abundantly.

Now you can plant seedlings. The holes are made slightly larger than the container where the seedlings grew. The distance between bitter and sweet varieties should be greater to eliminate the possibility of cross-pollination. It is best to plant them in separate beds. Sharp varieties can be planted tightly at a distance of 25 cm from each other.

Step-by-step instruction

Note that agricultural technology depends on the climate and soil characteristics. Not every soil is suitable for growing this crop. For example, before planting pepper in open ground in Ukraine, you need to feed the ground with humus, it would be nice to add more sawdust and peat.

Before planting, it is also necessary to mark the beds. The distance between peppers when planting in the ground is from 30 to 60 cm. Let's figure out at what distance pepper seedlings are planted in the ground, and what it depends on. Between seedlings of undersized varieties there should be a distance of 30-40 cm, and between seedlings of tall varieties - 60 cm.

So, how to properly plant seedlings in the ground? We offer the following step-by-step instructions:

1. First you need to prepare the seedlings. Spill the sprouts with water and spray with a special solution that will protect the plant from aphids. After this procedure, carefully remove the seedlings from the cups.
2. Before planting pepper seedlings in open ground, add compost to each hole and fill with warm water to the very edge. When the water is absorbed, you can lower the seedling without deepening it.
3. Fill the hole again with water, holding the sprout with your hand. Water is poured onto the walls.
4. Now you can fill the hole with earth and mulch with peat.
5. In the future, the seedling will need to be tied up. To do this, place a peg next to each seedling.
6. When the planting is over, the bed will need to be covered with a film. Shelter is removed after favorable weather sets in.

Don't worry if the pepper looks sore for the first 10 days. This is a normal reaction to a transplant.

Further care

It is important not only to know how to properly plant pepper seedlings in open ground, but also how to care for the plant later. For the first week, it is advisable to monitor the soil moisture every day. You can add a little water to the soil near the stem. It will be really possible to water in 7 days. But mineral fertilizers are added only after two weeks.

In order for the seedlings to quickly start, you can loosen the ground a little near the root. When the seedlings reach a height of 20-25 cm, it is desirable to remove the top from it. This procedure will lead to the appearance of side shoots, on which flowers with an ovary will grow.

Video "Planting pepper in open ground"

From this video you will learn how to properly plant pepper seedlings in open ground.

What do you need for pepper?

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You can prepare the soil for seedlings yourself: two parts of the earth, one part of peat and one part of sand. Fertilizer is added to the soil and mixed thoroughly.

Growing seedlings

​Disease control and prevention measures are primarily the purchase of quality seeds and seedlings, the elimination of pests and weeds, crop rotation and the removal of diseased plants. The main pests for peppers are mites, slugs and aphids. To deal with them, the good old proven folk methods are suitable. This solution will help to overcome aphids: 200-250 grams of wood ash is taken per bucket of water (+ 50 ° C). To protect peppers from spider mites, you can use chopped onion or garlic (200 grams), as well as dandelion leaves (200 grams) in a bucket of water. The above solutions must be infused for at least a day. Before use, they must be mixed and filtered. To increase the effect, you can add a little liquid soap to the solution (30-40 grams). Regular loosening and soil treatment with dry mustard or crushed red pepper (one teaspoon per 1 m2) will save you from slugs. Straw mulch can also help.

​When growing, the optimum temperature should be from +20 to +25 ° C. If the temperature is below +13°C, you need to cover the peppers with a special material or film. If you see lilac shades on the fruits, this will indicate a violation of the temperature regime.

• The soil in the area where you are going to grow pepper should be well-drained, fertile, and retain moisture well. The preparation of the site must be done in the fall. After the previous crop is harvested, you need to completely free the soil from the remains of plants and dig up the soil.
• Collected without waiting for the color of the fruit.
• For pollination, the bushes are shaken, slightly touching the wire. Peppers bear fruit after 9-11 weeks from planting seedlings, and the crop is harvested once a week, starting with the coloring of the fruit. From 1 m² in protected ground, up to 6 kg of fruits are removed with early cultivation and up to 4 kg with late.

For planting in the ground of a greenhouse, sweet pepper seedlings must be properly prepared.

1. In the greenhouse for seed germination, the temperature is kept in the range of + 25-30ºC for 4 days. Then, when shoots appear, the film is removed, and the temperature is lowered to +18ºC. Watering is carried out with settled warm water for 5 days. A week later, the previous (+25ºC) temperature is restored.​
2. Treated with a drug against the fungus ("Immunophyt").
3. Bulgarian pepper, which is an extremely useful product and loved by almost everyone, is grown on plots, including in greenhouses, by many summer residents. The vegetable contains essential substances, including vitamin C and folic acid. Existing varieties have different fruits in shape, size, color, but they are all tasty and healthy. Sweet peppers are put in salads and soups, pickled and salted, stuffed and baked. Growing pepper requires certain rules.​
4. It happens that seedlings show signs of wilting, which can often be caused by a black leg. This fungal disease affects the root zone and roots of the plant. Seedlings begin to wither, as if due to lack of water. In this case, the biological product "Trichodermin" or the chemical agent "Previkur" will help. If you notice that the seedlings begin to lag behind in growth, remain small and ugly for a long time, the sprouts should be fed with complex fertilizers. Also apply humates or water with 2-3 tbsp. l. hydrogen peroxide (per 1 liter of water), pour them over the soil to improve aeration. You can use growth regulators - phytohormones, for example "Ivin".
5. Fertilizer is added with the calculation: for ten liters of soil - 50 grams of Kemira-universal. Planting pepper in the soil of seeds is carried out in grooves to a depth of 1 cm, covered with plastic wrap on top. The distance between the rows is 5 cm, and between the seeds 2 cm.
6. As you can see, growing a good quality pepper crop in the open field is quite simple. You just need to follow the recommendations in this article. We wish you a rich harvest.​
7. It is better to water your peppers with water that has settled or rainwater. The optimum water temperature for irrigation is from +24°C to +26°C. Before flowering, you need to water once a week, and in the heat - 2 times. The rate for irrigation is up to 12 liters per 1 m2. During flowering and fruiting, it is worth watering 2-3 times during the week. At the same time, the irrigation rate is up to 14 liters per 1 m2.​
8. It should be noted that from 30 to 50 grams of superphosphates, from 50 to 80 grams of wood ash and from 5 to 10 kg of humus or manure are applied per 1 m2. At the same time, I would like to focus your attention on the fact that you should not plant peppers on the ground, where fresh manure has just been added. An excess of soluble nitrogen adversely affects the preservation of the ovaries, as well as the ripening of the fetus.
9. http://youtu.be/xXfU_W78BoY
10. The plant rarely gets sick, but the fruits can be affected by vertex rot, therefore, for prevention, the ovaries are sprayed with calcium nitrate once every 2 weeks.

After the first leaf has formed, the seedlings are picked, transferring it to a larger bowl (diameter 6-8 cm) from peat or soil-soluble substances.

Planting in protected ground

1. Planting pepper in the ground
2. Secrets from an experienced gardener. She will tell you how to care for pepper, what top dressing to use and how to determine the missing trace elements by the appearance of pepper.
3. The first feeding should be done when 1-2 leaves appear on the pepper seedlings. You need to mix 3 grams of superphosphates, 1 gram of potash fertilizer and 0.5 grams of ammonium nitrate in one liter of water. After 14 days, you need to re-feed your pepper. In this case, the dose of mineral fertilizers should be doubled.
4. In the autumn, you need to carefully dig up the area where you are going to grow peppers. In the spring, it is necessary to loosen the soil, add 30 to 40 grams of fertilizers (potash and phosphate) and 20 to 30 grams of nitrogen fertilizer per 1 m2.
5. Sweet pepper grown on your own will allow you to have a natural product with a unique taste on your table, add vitamins to the body and improve metabolic processes in it.
6. ​http://youtu.be/ThxZ8MnqqAg​

The soil needs soft, permeable water and air. It is loosened to a depth of 40 cm, organic matter is added (for example, manure 1 ton per 100 m²) and well leveled. Varieties with tall bushes are planted according to the scheme 50x80 or 40x70, 3 pieces per sq.m., and for planting varieties with small bushes, adhere to the scheme 60x30 (4 pieces per m²). A tape method of planting sweet pepper is possible when it is planted in 2 rows, observing an interval of 50 cm, placing in a checkerboard pattern, leaving 80-90 cm between each two-row for convenience. Provide systematic care for seedlings:

Use of open ground

Plants after the appearance of 3 leaves are fed by diluting urea (50 g), superphosphate (125 g), potassium salts (30 g) in a bucket of water, watering with water at the end of feeding. The next time they feed after the appearance of the 4th leaf.

1. Prepare the soil mixture by mixing peat (1 hour), humus (2 hours) and yellowed sawdust treated with boiling water (0.5 hours). Neutralize it with wood ash (half a glass per bucket of the mixture) and disinfect with a hot solution of potassium permanganate.
2. Pepper grows well on nutritious, light soils, and does not like clay, heavy soils. You can grow pepper in a greenhouse completely, and then you can plant it in open ground. In any case, planting sweet pepper means transplanting seedlings previously grown and prepared for transplanting into the soil. Sowing of seeds is carried out towards the end of February for heated greenhouses, in early March they are planted in greenhouses without heating, at the end of March seeds are sown for seedlings for unprotected soil. For growing in a greenhouse, the varieties "Tenderness" (early ripe), "Nochka" (mid-season hybrid), "California miracle" (mid-early, large), "Swallow" (mid-early) are suitable. On open beds, it is possible to plant the early Ermak variety, the mid-season Victoria and Gladiator varieties.​
3. For pepper, it is desirable to allocate well-lit areas where nightshade (potatoes, tomatoes, eggplant) have not been grown for 4-5 years. Approximately 60 days after sowing, seedlings can be planted in a permanent place. As in the case of other heat-loving crops, it is better to cover the plants until the 20th of May (when spring frosts are still possible) with a film or agrofiber. If there is a high probability of a black leg appearing on the site, pour 200-400 ml of Trichodermin into the well. If preventive measures were not enough and the plants show signs of disease, use the Previkur systemic fungicide. which is also a growth stimulant.
4. Pepper seedlings are recommended to be planted in a greenhouse or tunnel shelter made of arches, fasteners and a special non-woven covering material.

Peppers are native to South America and South Asia. In Russia, this culture is cultivated as an annual plant. There are two types of pepper: bitter (hot) and sweet.

The soil under the pepper needs to be loosened. Loosening is carried out to a not very great depth (up to 5 cm), since the roots are located in the upper layer. In addition, it is necessary to hill and weed the plants. To get a really great harvest, planting must be done according to certain rules.

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Secrets of growing peppers outdoors

Adhering to the correct technology for growing seedlings and planting plants in the ground, they get a full crop of any variety of pepper.

Growing conditions

If pepper is to be planted in open ground, then it needs hardening at the seedling stage. To do this, the sprouts are taken out into the open air, increasing the time gradually. Caring for peppers growing in the open field is similar to caring for greenhouse plants, but has a number of nuances:

Regularly loosen the soil by 5 cm, avoiding damage to the roots, first after 2 weeks, then weekly.

The plant is photophilous, and after the formation of 2 leaves, the backlight (preferably with blue spectrum fluorescent lamps) should last 12 hours a day.

Fertilize by adding superphosphate 1 tbsp, potassium sulfate 2 tsp, 1 tsp to a bucket of soil. ammonium nitrate.

Seeds before planting, for good growth and germination, are pre-treated:

Landing Rules

On sandy soils, pure wood ash, which is rich in potassium, is introduced into the planting hole for digging. At the same time, for the prevention of blossom-end rot of fruits, plants should be protected from a lack of calcium and protected from antagonism of potassium and calcium, when one element blocks the intake of another. Therefore, when adding wood ash, also add 1 tbsp. l. calcium nitrate or "Crystal". If signs of blossom end rot still appear, pepper leaves will need to be sprayed with a solution of calcium nitrate.

Before planting a crop, beds filled with humus are being prepared. One plant is placed in each well. After planting, the peppers must be covered with a film if they are planted in open ground, leaving only the ventilated ends of the tunnel.

Seed preparation

Pepper shoots are very fragile, break easily, so they must be tied to pegs. And in a circle of beds, it is better to plant tall crops that will protect your planting from the winds.

What should care include?

Outdoor cultivation of pepper is usually carried out in the last days of May. At this time, the risk of frost is minimized. Pepper is planted according to the scheme 60-70 x 20-30 cm. Before planting, you need to water the seedlings abundantly so that during the planting process your pepper does not look wilted, can take root better, grow faster.

Delicious, sweet, fragrant pepper, which is suitable for many salads, preservation, stuffing, etc., can be grown simply in your country house in the open field. Gardeners have long proven that rather heat-loving crops, such as peppers, can grow in more severe conditions, if certain rules are followed and appropriate care is taken. In our article we will talk about how to grow pepper in the open field.​

In the ground, having prepared the beds, the plants are planted from the end of May to mid-June. Low-growing varieties are planted 10 seedlings per 1 m², medium - 6-8, high - 3 each.

When growing pepper in protected ground, in contrast to open ground, they are fed with peat.

During the growth, the soil in the container, providing nutrition to the sprouts, is filled up 2 times. Watered as it dries, but not overmoistened, periodically loosen without touching the roots.

Small pots with a wall height of 8-10 cm and a diameter of 2-4 cm are filled with moist soil, not reaching 3 cm to the edges.

Cold protection

Pepper formation scheme (numbers indicate the sequence of shoot formation).

Pest and disease control

Pepper is demanding on soil aeration, so for growing seedlings, give preference to the most loose substrates. Even black soil should be fluffed with straw, sawdust, peat or humus. The seeds of this crop germinate on average on the 8-9th day after sowing. As soon as sprouts appear in large numbers, the ambient temperature must be reduced to + 15-17 ° С. to prevent stretching of the hypocotyl knee. Please note that

Planting pepper in the ground begins with the preparation of seeds, or rather, planting pepper for seedlings. Initially, pepper seeds are sorted: incomplete, broken seeds are removed. Then they are placed in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate and subjected to hardening. Seeds are placed on a plate, covered with gauze and periodically moistened with water. Within 6 days, the seeds should be kept during the day at a temperature of + 20, and at night + 3 degrees (placed in the refrigerator). After this period, the seeds are placed in a solution prepared from wood ash diluted in a liter of water for 5 hours.

As soon as you plant pepper seedlings in open ground, care must be taken to protect the plants from frost. As an excellent protection from the cold, it is recommended to use tents that are made of wooden blocks, cardboard, burlap and other materials. Peppers should be covered with such tents in the evening, and opened in the morning. If the cold snap drags on, it is better to use a portable temporary film shelter.

Video "Growing pepper in the open field"

When planting peppers in the heat, it is better to choose the second half of the day to allow the plant to get stronger overnight. When the weather is cloudy, the landing can be made in the morning.

plodovie.ru

Planting pepper in the ground, preparing for planting

Before you start growing peppers, you need to prepare open ground. In regions where the climate is mild, sweet peppers grow well outdoors in areas protected from the effects of the wind, provided there is a sufficient amount of sunlight. These requirements are met by the site, which is located next to the southern wall of the house. If wind protection is not provided, you can build a rocker protection consisting of plants or create a windproof fence in the form of a wattle fence.

The bushes are tied up and formed into 3 stems. Watered once a week from a watering can, spending 10 liters of warm water per 1 m².

The temperature is set at 20-25ºC, and the illumination is 14 hours a day. Water the crop often, keeping the soil moist.

Planting pepper in the ground is carried out upon reaching the budding phase, 45-55 days after planting the seeds. An overgrown pepper will lose its immunity and be prone to disease.

Sweet pepper seeds are deepened when planted by 1 cm, placing 2-3 pieces per hole, slightly compacting the ground from above.

placed for 30 min. for disinfection in a solution of potassium permanganate (1%), then rinsing with water;

If necessary, stepson plants, remove basal shoots on them, and form a stem in tall varieties. Do not forget about top dressing - in case of poor growth of seedlings and at the beginning of flowering, apply complex fertilizers, at the beginning of formation and with the growth of fruits - organic ("Vermisol", "Vermistim", "Ideal", "Furor"). When setting several fruits together, remove the extra ones, leaving 2-3 of the largest peppers.

Pepper does not tolerate transplant very well

Soil preparation and seed planting

Another long-known remedy for protecting plants from frost is sprinkling and smoking. The material for burning is better to choose one that can provide thick smoke. The sprinkler should provide a fine mist of water. This will get the greatest effect.

OgorodSadovod.com

Growing Sweet Peppers

Planting sweet pepper seedlings

Prepared wells should be poured abundantly with water: at the rate of 1-2 liters per well. In this case, it is better to use water heated in the sun. Gently pulling the seedlings out of the pots, they must be placed in the holes in an upright position and planted a little deeper than they grew in the pots. This is necessary to provide your pepper with additional nutrition, which will help the adventitious roots that appear on the stems covered with earth. , potatoes). A large number of diseases of such plants can be transmitted through the soil. Before planting, you can grow cabbage, zucchini, cucumbers, other pumpkin and legume crops, table root crops. You can feed 5 times, keeping at least 12 days between top dressing. They use dry top dressing "Fertility" (spreading 1 kg in 10 liters of water), spending 1 liter of solution per plant.

Homeland of sweet bell pepper is the Central part of America. Having got to us, the vegetable took root without any problems and began to be popular. Rich bright colors and a special taste of pepper will make any dish unique and festive.

You can plant and grow pepper in summer cottages, greenhouses, vegetable gardens. Planting this vegetable is not a difficult process, but it has its own characteristics and nuances. Therefore, if you have a summer cottage, you can try to grow this vitamin-rich vegetable yourself.

Pepper bush in the garden

Preparing seeds for sowing

Acquired sweet pepper seeds require special preparation before sowing. This will make it possible in the future to get strong seedlings that will be less susceptible to disease and death.

1. They begin to sow the seeds of bell pepper at the end of winter - in February, when the daylight hours are not yet long. Planting seedlings in open ground is advised after 95-100 days. During this time, they will get stronger and will be prepared for planting and further growth and development in the fresh air.
2. Transplantation (dive) of this vegetable is undesirable, it does not tolerate it well. Therefore, it is recommended to initially sow the seeds in individual containers, and then plant them in the ground. Their diameter should be no more than 10 cm. It is not advisable to use deep and wide containers.
3. Pepper loves the soil light and loosened. To plant in such a soil, mix one part of sand and peat soil with two parts of humus soil. For 1 kg of the resulting substrate, add 1 tbsp. wood ash.

Soaking pepper seeds

Before planting, the seeds are properly processed:

• To begin with, the seeds are disinfected in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for 20-30 minutes. After this time, they are washed with water.
• Then the seeds are treated with special stimulants for active growth and proper development of the root system. Such preparations can be purchased at specialized stores for gardeners.
• Final treatment of seeds - antifungal agents. They will protect future seedlings from diseases, primarily fungal ones.

When the seeds are processed properly, experienced gardeners stratify them. This process consists in the fact that the prepared seeds are wrapped in a damp cloth and kept in this state for 2 days. The fabric should be constantly wet, and the location of the seeds should be warm, 25-30 degrees. So the seeds of the plant "wake up" and it will be possible to plant them in pots.

When the seeds have hatched, you can start planting them. Each seed is sown in a separate container at a depth of 6 to 12 mm.

The sown pepper is poured from a spray bottle with warm water and the containers are covered with plastic wrap or glass. Seedlings are placed in a dark place.

The temperature for seedling germination should be about 25 degrees. If the seeds were germinated, then the first shoots can be seen already on the 3-4th day after sowing. After the appearance of the first shoots, it is advised to lower the temperature by 5-7 days. This will not allow the plants to stretch up and lose the strength necessary for further development. After a week, the temperature can be raised again, but only slightly.

When the first shoots appeared, the plants are rearranged closer to the light source. During this period, they need special care: special attention should be paid to watering seedlings. Do not allow waterlogging of the soil and its drying. Watering is done with warm water. If cold watering is done, this will badly affect young shoots - they will become lethargic and unviable, and planting them in open areas will be pointless.

Quality pepper seedlings

The humidity in the room where the seedlings are grown should be moderate. The drier it is, the more often the plants will have to be sprayed. This is also done with warm water. Ventilate the room itself daily, but try to protect the seedlings from drafts - they do not like them.

If possible, carry out additional lighting of young seedlings. The end of February is not characterized by sufficient daylight hours, so artificial lighting is required.

Before transplanting plants into open ground, it is recommended to harden them. This will make it hardy and resistant to weather conditions and diseases. To do this, the plants begin to take out into the air. The first day the seedlings stay there should be 5-10 minutes. Every day the time will increase. However, young seedlings should not be allowed to freeze, or be at a temperature below 13 degrees.

Planting bell pepper seedlings in the ground

1. Planting pepper seedlings requires the right place for this. Pepper is recommended to be planted in those areas where there used to be onions, carrots, pumpkin crops or cucumbers. It is highly undesirable to plant it after potatoes, tomatoes or peppers.
2. Soil for bell pepper should be chosen light and fertilized. Organic substances for pepper are introduced a year or two before planting, and all the rest - in the fall. 4-5 days before planting pepper seedlings in open ground, gardeners recommend disinfecting it. For this, a special solution is made at the rate of 1/2 tbsp. copper sulphate for 5 liters of water. The area is treated with this solution.
3. Prepared plants are planted in open ground after three months from the date of sowing the seeds. This happens in April or May. In April, this is done only if the seeds were sown at the beginning of winter.
4. Landing has a 40x50 landing pattern. It depends on the type of pepper. The larger the plants are supposed to be, the greater the distance between them should be.
5. Seedlings, which are in separate containers, are carefully removed from them. The depth of the holes in the soil should be the same as the depth of the seedling container. It is not recommended to plant plants with exposed roots or sprinkle the basal neck of seedlings. Planting pepper should be carried out in the morning or evening.

Hot and sweet peppers must be grown separately

Planting several varieties of bell pepper should take into account the fact that this vegetable is subjected to the process of pollination. Therefore, it is desirable to have different varieties at some distance. It is advisable to separate them among themselves with other plantings: corn, tomatoes, sunflowers, etc.

The nuances of proper care for bell pepper

Plant care includes proper watering, weeding and timely feeding. Spend the first top dressing during the period when the plants have acquired two real leaves. The fertilizer mixture consists of the following preparations: ammonium nitrate (0.5 g), potassium (1 g), superphosphate (3 g). These funds are diluted in 1 liter of warm water, and seedlings are watered with this solution.

The second feeding is done exactly two weeks later. All fertilizer components are doubled.

Fertilizer seedlings with nettle infusion are popular. To do this, 1 part of dry nettle is placed in 10 liters of water and insisted for two days. The resulting solution is watered seedlings.

The last feeding is done 2-3 days before planting seedlings in open ground.

Care also consists in observing plants:

• If you notice that the leaves of the peppers have begun to curl and dry out at the edges, this means that there is not enough potassium in the soil. But with its excess, you should also be careful - the pepper may die.
• With a lack of nitrogen in the soil, the leaves of the plants become dull with a grayish tint and are crushed over time.
• With a lack of phosphorus, the leaves on the underside acquire a purple hue, are pressed against the trunk, stretching upwards.
• With a lack of magnesium, pepper leaves become marbled.
• With an excess of nitrogen in the soil, plants will drop leaves, flowers and ovaries.

During a period of high humidity, care consists in removing lateral shoots from plants (stepping). In dry and hot weather, pinching plants is not advised. This is due to the fact that the lower leaves serve as a barrier for the rapid weathering of moisture from the soil and protect it from drying out.

Experienced gardeners advise removing the central flower on pepper. This will help increase productivity.

During the growing season, care means that the plants must be prunable. Its essence lies in the fact that the longest shoots are shortened, the plant should not have shaded branches. Pruning is recommended every 10 days, the last - after harvesting.

The first flower of pepper is advised to be removed

In order for pepper pollination to take place more actively, experienced gardeners spray it with a sugar solution.

Here are some helpful tips for caring for peppers:

• it is recommended to plant pepper, taking into account the advice of experienced gardeners;
• pepper does not tolerate overheating and requires abundant watering;
• regular loosening of the soil is a prerequisite for growing bell pepper;
• to protect pepper from diseases, it is advised to provide plants with calcium and potassium;
• pepper mulching is when the soil is protected from excessive loss of moisture and nutrients (it is done using overripe straw, which is laid out between the rows of plants);
• pepper plants need timely garter and hilling;
• carry out natural seed replacements annually (this will increase the yield).

Watering peppers is of particular importance.

When the soil is too dry, it can lead to diseases and death of plants. Insufficient watering can provoke the dropping of flowers and ovaries. Before the flowering period, pepper is watered once every 7 days. After the beginning of flowering and the formation of fruits, pepper requires watering 2 times a week. It is recommended to water the pepper with warm settled water using a rain watering can. After watering, the soil between the plants should be loosened. Proper care of pepper will allow you to get a good result.

California pepper variety

Diseases and pests of bell pepper

Pepper care involves the prevention and treatment of this plant from diseases and getting rid of pests.

Processing pepper with chemicals is not recommended. This is due to the fact that pepper is able to accumulate all the substances that fall on it in fruits. This can adversely affect human health when consuming plant fruits. Properly caring, observing the basic agrotechnical rules, it is not necessary to treat pepper with additional preparations.

If it happens that the plants get sick, then this can be solved with the help of safe means and methods.

Growing bell pepper is an exciting and rewarding activity. When creating all the necessary conditions for this plant, it will thank you with a rich harvest of large, juicy and vitamin fruits.

bell pepper

refers to the most common vegetables among domestic gardeners. It is actively planted both in open ground and in greenhouses. Caring for it cannot be called scrupulous, however, some basic principles and agrotechnical features still need to be considered in more detail. By being prepared for the process of growing bell peppers at home, you will be able to achieve visible results.

Land preparation

Very often, it is the choice of the optimal land for planting bell pepper that becomes a whole problem. Many farmers believe that a garden is also suitable for this purpose: the land is regularly fertilized, while being quite loose. However, there is one significant downside. As a rule, the garden is an open area, the winds are constantly blowing there, and the plants cannot be protected from it. Such conditions are considered not optimal in the case of bell pepper. Therefore, try to plant this vegetable crop in a place protected from strong drafts. In addition, it is very important that it is well lit.

Before planting bell peppers in open ground, some soil preparation procedures should be carried out. What exactly needs to be done by the farmer:

• to prepare for planting this crop, however, like most vegetables and root crops, you need to start in the fall. To do this, the land in the garden or garden plot is plowed and then loosened. The final stage of autumn soil preparation is its top dressing with mineral fertilizers. In particular, attention should be paid to mixtures containing potassium and phosphorus - these substances are most needed for pepper;
• in the spring, before you start planting vegetables, it is worth feeding the soil again. Ammonium nitrate is introduced into the soil at the rate of 40 g per square meter;
• the final stage of soil preparation is saturation with a solution of copper sulfate. You need to add 1 tbsp. l. of this substance in a bucket of water.

It is recommended to pay attention to one more nuance before you finally plant a pepper in your garden. Let's say you want to breed several varieties of pepper at once. In this case, it is better to plant the sprouts away from each other. The thing is that this agriculture can pollinate in the process of maturation. There is a risk that as a result you will not get the result you expected. However, there is a way out of the situation. Divide a home plantation of several varieties of peppers with taller plants (corn, tomatoes, or sunflowers). Thus, you can effortlessly grow several varieties of bell pepper in the garden at once.

Video "Growing and caring for pepper"

From the video you will learn how to properly grow and care for pepper.

Seedling feeding

It is necessary to feed the pepper, but you need to clearly understand what kind of soil you are dealing with. Your choice of fertilizers should also depend on its features. Let's say you decide to plant a pepper in a greenhouse and collect ordinary garden soil there. In this case, be prepared for the fact that it will be necessary to feed the soil every 10 days. If you approached this issue more thoroughly, using a specially prepared earthen mixture for planting bell pepper seedlings in it, it will be enough to carry out no more than three stages of fertilization in the future.

How do experienced gardeners get out of the situation?

Many prefer exclusively natural top dressing. Shallow trenches are dug between rows with seedlings, into which manure or bird droppings are poured. When can this procedure be carried out? It is advisable to do this after 2-3 leaves have blossomed on the sprouts. When the seedlings of bell pepper grow noticeably, it must be swooped down, and then the next stage of soil fertilization should be carried out. You can use both special complex mixtures, and dry ash or compost tea.

Feeding after planting

You can endlessly determine the optimal place for planting bell pepper. But your efforts to grow a bountiful crop of peppers don't have to end there. Particular attention should be paid to the regular feeding of the soil with mineral fertilizers. Moreover, this must be done not one-time, but during the development of the plant, the ripening of the fruit. What kind of fertilizers are suitable for bell pepper, and in what proportions should they be added to the soil?

Among the variety of modern fertilizers, urea and phosphates are most distinguished for this crop. But that's not all.

Today, many summer residents use potash and phosphorus fertilizers for feeding, as well as folk remedies (cow dung or bird droppings). It is best to feed the pepper with natural mixtures.

If you prefer to feed a vegetable plant as a disease prevention and in order to strengthen the vegetative part of agriculture, you can safely use universal fertilizers. However, if for some reason you did not feed the soil in advance, or did it, but noticed certain deterioration in the appearance of bell pepper seedlings, you must act immediately. First, identify the problem and then quickly fix it. For example, if your plant is not sufficiently saturated with nitrogen, over time the vegetative mass begins to turn yellow. In the case when burns appear on the edges of the seedling leaves, the cause in most cases is considered to be a deficiency of potassium in the soil. It happens that bell pepper bushes acquire a purple hue: this means that phosphate fertilizers must be added to the substrate.

Stimulation of fruiting

In order to prevent the occurrence of such problems, it is worth supporting seedlings at all stages of its development. To do this, there are universal natural fertilizers, among which nettle tea stands out. How to cook it? It is necessary to grind the stems of this plant, and then fill them with some kind of barrel or container (about 2/3). Greens are filled with water. It is desirable to leave the resulting mixture in a dark place for effective fermentation. At the end of the process, and it will take about a week, the solution is used to fertilize the soil, before diluting it with water in a ratio of 1:10. If you wish, you can feed the soil to obtain a more generous harvest of bell pepper using a high concentration of nettle solution. To do this, you need to add dandelion, wood lice, plantain and other herbal plants to it.

Stimulation of fruiting is not a bad thing, however, it is undesirable to overdo it. With excessively large volumes of fertilizers and too frequent top dressing, the branched part of the bell pepper may become woody. In addition, sometimes you can get the opposite result: when the soil is oversaturated with fertilizers, the fruits grow almost empty inside, falling off long before the end of the ripening period.

Irrigation Features

Outdoor bell pepper varieties do not require too much care. However, when it comes to moisturizing, oversights in this matter are unacceptable, as they can cost you dearly. Interestingly, it is recommended to water pepper seedlings regularly, it is impossible for the soil to dry out. But it is also not worth breeding excessive dampness.

What rules should be followed regarding watering peppers:

• after planting seedlings in open ground, it is undesirable to water it immediately. It is necessary to give her a few days to adapt and only after that carry out the first phase of watering. Next, try to observe the established intervals, until the seedlings begin to actively sprout;
• as soon as the sprouts turn green, it is recommended to water them daily;
• be sure to use warm and settled water for irrigation in advance - non-compliance with such recommendations is fraught with the occurrence of diseases in the plant;
• it is important that water does not fall directly on the pepper leaves;
• drainage must be present at the bottom of the seedling container. Thus, excess moisture will evaporate in a timely manner.

Video "Growing pepper in a greenhouse"

From the video you will learn how to effectively grow peppers in a greenhouse.

Pepper is one type of vegetable, without which no holiday can do. Bulgarian pepper is always present on the table in the form of cutting or a hot dish, and sweet pepper is present on the winter table in the form of a preparation for the winter. But few people know how grow peppers outdoors in the allotment. Such a vegetable is very fastidious and requires good care for itself, but every novice gardener dreams of trying to grow it on his own plot.

Seedlings of Bulgarian and sweet pepper

Growing such a vegetable has its pros and cons, if there is an error with watering, sudden changes in temperature or if the transplant is incorrect, the yield decreases to almost zero.

Damaged plants will no longer give the desired short summer harvest, since without a tie there will be no pollination, and without this the plant will receive less nutrition and thus will not give the long-awaited harvest in the fall.

But in order for it to grow and please with its harvest, it is necessary to plant it very early and ensure seedlings and development without stress and temperature changes. This is the most important rule when growing sweet peppers in open ground.

The most important points in sowing bell peppers are:

• Preparation of seeds for sowing;
• soil preparation for sowing peppers;
• sowing seeds;
• picking peppers.

It is better to consider each procedure separately, so as not to miss and avoid mistakes.

Preparing seeds for seedlings for growing peppers in open ground

Purchased seeds need to examine the seeds and remove all frail and damaged ones. Good seeds must be treated for fungal infections.

To do this, put the seeds in gauze, as in a bag and place in a thick solution of potassium permanganate for 20 minutes. After this procedure, rinse with warm, running water.

There is another good way for good shoots of bell pepper - this is Elina's solution. It is necessary to place a bag of gauze in a solution of 1 drop of Elina diluted with 1 liter of water and leave for one day.

After all these procedures, put the seeds on a damp cloth and cover with wet gauze. In this form, the seeds should be put in a warm place for one week, but if the seeds do not swell, then you can wait another week.

The main thing is not to leave the seeds dry, they must be moistened, otherwise the seeds will dry out and disappear.

Soil preparation for planting

For sowing, you can buy ready-made soil in a specialized store and only add one fifth of the washed sand.

You can no longer add anything to the finished soil, because it already has:

Horse soil;

• deoxidizing additives;
• mineral fertilizer;
• hesmine substances;
• sand;
• agropermit.

To understand why they need the soil, it is better to find out all the additives in detail.

Horse soil is practically free of microbes and absorbs moisture well; all plants cannot do without this additive.

Deoxidizing additives are needed to remove high acidity from the topsoil.

Mineral fertilizer provides mineral nutrition and promotes plant growth.

Hesmine substances are needed for stimulation and root formation, as well as plant resistance.

Sand reduces soil shrinkage during long-term cultivation of the plant. Usually sand in large quantities is needed for home flowers in pots.

Agropermit saturates the roots with oxygen and promotes their good growth and nourishes the substances necessary for growth.

Experienced gardeners do not buy soil, but do it themselves at home. To do this, you need only two parts of humus, one part of sand and two parts of peat. Mix everything well and heat in the oven for about one hour. In this way, the soil will be ready for planting seeds.

Sowing seeds

Seed ripening occurs 10 or 14 days after germination, and seedlings are best planted when it is 60 days old. Therefore, sowing is best done in mid-February, when the daylight hours are still short.

Before boarding, you need to rinse the plate well in a potassium permanganate solution, and then fill it with the prepared soil mixture. Lightly compact the soil so that the bowl is two centimeters higher than the soil.

Make a recess and carefully spread the seeds at a distance of 1.5 cm. After filling the seeds with prepared soil and compact.

Pour warm water over, but be careful not to wash the seeds. To prevent moisture from evaporating, you need to close it with a special lid, and if there is no such lid, you can use a regular plastic bag.

Seeds need to be put in a warm place where the air temperature is about 17 degrees. Be sure to water with warm water and not let the soil dry out, but you can’t fill it either.

Be sure to watch the pepper seedlings so that they do not bend over. To avoid this, you need to turn in turn towards the sun. And also it is possible over seedlings

How to bake properly

To reduce the risk of damage to root rot plants, the pepper is transplanted when the plant has two leaves.

But it is better to transplant after 4 weeks, when the seedlings are stronger and more resistant to stressful conditions and the stalks of pepper seedlings are already stronger.

Before transplanting seedlings, you need to shed well and wait for the excess water to drain.

It grows and develops more slowly than tomatoes and therefore it is better to transplant into separate small pots.

Pour pre-prepared soil into half of the pot, make a hole and place pepper seedlings, send with earth and lightly compact. Carefully pour warm water, holding the stems and if the soil has settled, then you need to add the prepared soil, but not too much. Peppers should be half potted, not completely covered.

Place these seedlings in a warm and well-lit room.

How to feed seedlings

Care for seedlings should already begin after the peppers are transplanted open ground in their summer cottage.

First feeding is done after two weeks after diving and two weeks after the first bait. While the plant is young, it is better and very convenient to apply top dressing in liquid form. You can buy it in a flower shop and it is best to choose:

• Agricola;
• Strong;
• Fertik;
• Suite;
• Mortar.

How to properly dilute the top dressing for peppers will be written in the instructions for use.

Two weeks before planting bell peppers in ordinary soil in a summer cottage, it is necessary to harden seedlings in the open fresh air.

But you need to take into account one necessary part of the open air: direct sunlight should not fall on the peppers, but there should also be no cold and strong wind either.

The best option for hardening is a closed balcony with a non-sunny side.

Grow seedlings in peat tablets

There is another great way for seedlings of peppers - these are peat tablets. Peat tablets give excellent results, and a plant that is stressed when diving can no longer be afraid, so like this procedure with a peat tablet do not need to be performed.

The peat tablet contains all the necessary additives for the development of pepper and with the help of such a wonderful tablet to grow good seedlings even for beginner gardeners.

Seedlings still need to be grown in separate pots, so peat tablets can be taken with a diameter of three centimeters.

Place the required amount of peat tablets on the tray and pour warm water over them. When swelling, the tablets increase and take the form of a glass.

As soon as the peat tablet swells to the desired size and stops absorbing water, you need to drain the excess water and make a small hole in the cups

Pepper seeds should be prepared in the same way as when sown in the soil. This must also be done in advance. Seeds should be carefully placed in the holes and sprinkled with prepared soil. Close the tray with a lid or put on a plastic bag.

Pepper planting and care in the open field

Peppers do not like cold and heavy soil, and if there is clay soil on the site, then it is better to grow bell pepper in open ground with peat and humus.

The earth needs to be dug up well on a spade bayonet and rake well so that there are no large lumps. After that, make not very deep holes for planting, but very frequent holes also do not need to be done.

Before planting, you need to put a little bit of mineral fertilizer in each hole, which will contain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Such a composition must be mixed well until a homogeneous mass.

Carefully remove the seedling from the pot, being careful not to damage the root system of the pepper. Place the seedlings in the hole and fill the hole halfway with soil. You need to fall asleep so that the entire root system of the seedling is closed.

Pour abundantly with warm water and for a year the water will be absorbed to cover the entire hole with dry earth.

If the plant is tall and requires a garter, then it is worth tying the peppers to a special support. If the nights are still cold, then you need to cover sweet peppers in polyethylene meadows, but you can’t cover them with woven covering material.

In order for outdoor cultivation to be carried out with proper care, there are four rules:

1. Top dressing.
2. Watering.
3. Prophet.
4. Garters.

Top dressing. During growth and cultivation, it is necessary to feed three times. The first top dressing after 10 days after planting in ordinary soil can be fed with ordinary manure.

The second dressing is done before flowering. They are fed with a woody hall or supperfastate. To do this, dilute potassium humate with 10 liters of water. Pour peppers with this solution.

The third top dressing should occur two weeks after flowering. Feed with a woody hall. And you can also feed sweet peppers with nettle solution. To do this, cut the nettle into small pieces and pour warm water. Infuse this solution for several days, and then pour over the peppers.

Watering. Sweet peppers are very fond of moisture, but an excess of pepper is very harmful. Therefore, sweet peppers need to be watered as the soil dries.

Prophet. Light and fluffy soil gives good growth to plants. It is imperative to ensure that the peppers are not overgrown with grass, and the soil must be loosened near the peppers.

bell pepper also called sweet, it is rich in useful substances and vitamins, various colors, juicy and tasty.

Process growing sweet pepper has its own characteristics, since pepper is a heat-loving vegetable. To get a good harvest of peppers, you need to have knowledge and certain skills.

Consider growing bell pepper from seeds, from seedlings, features of care when growing in open ground, pest and disease control, when to harvest.

Content:

- Video - Peppers, the secret of a rich harvest
Outdoor Pepper Care
- Video - HOW TO FORM PEPPER CORRECTLY!!! CARE AND FEEDING!!!
Pepper pruning
Pests and diseases of bell pepper
Harvesting bell pepper
- Video - 10 MISTAKES when growing sweet peppers

Pepper is a plant with short daylight hours, and if the daylight hours are less than 12 hours, the pepper begins to bear fruit earlier.

It is not advisable to plant pepper seeds in open ground even in the southern regions, because it is necessary to wait until the soil warms up, the pepper will begin to bear fruit later and not for long. Therefore, mostly sweet peppers are grown in seedlings.

Growing seedlings of bell pepper

When growing seedlings at home, pepper seeds are sown in February so that the plants have 90-100 days before transplanting into the ground. Pepper does not tolerate diving, so try to immediately sow the seeds in separate peat pots with a diameter of 8-10 cm.

There is no need to use large pots due to the slow development of the root system of peppers.

Soil for seedlings

A light and loose substrate is suitable, consisting of humus mixed with 1 part of earth and 1 part of sand. Add to 1 kg of substrate 1 tbsp. l. wood ash.

Before sowing, treat pepper seeds - soak the seeds in hot water + 50 degrees for 5 hours. Then place the seeds in a damp cloth for germination for 2-3 days, the room temperature should be + 20 degrees. After such pre-sowing preparation, seedlings appear the very next day after sowing.

Seeds sown in cups, pour over and cover with plastic wrap or glass. Before emergence, keep the pots in a warm place with a temperature of + 22 degrees. After the emergence of shoots, remove the film and transfer the seedlings to a room with a temperature of 26-28 degrees during the day and 10-15 degrees at night.

When caring for seedlings of peppers, do not allow the soil to dry out, but we do not recommend excessive watering.

Water with warm water +30 degrees, frail seedlings will grow from cold water, plants can get sick. The air in the room should not be too dry, protect the plants from drafts and spray the plants.

In winter in February, seedlings require additional lighting so that daylight hours are from 7 am to 9 pm.

First dressing carried out in the phase of the appearance of 2 true leaves with the following solution: dilute 5 g of ammonium nitrate, 10 g of potash fertilizers, 30 g of superphosphate in 10 liters of water.

Second top dressing be carried out 14 days after the first with mineral fertilizers in 2 times greater proportions than the first.

Third top dressing carried out 2 days before planting seedlings in the ground. Increase the dose of potash fertilizers in the solution to 70 g per 10 liters of water.

A few weeks before planting pepper seedlings, the plants are hardened, taking them out into fresh air for several hours. Make sure that the air temperature is not lower than +13 degrees, the seedlings may die.

Choosing a place for planting bell pepper

Pick up a plot in the garden where cucumbers, onions, pumpkins, carrots, cabbage, zucchini, and various green manure grew before. Pepper grows poorly and bears fruit if planted on a site where potatoes, eggplants, tomatoes, peppers grew before.

Peppers grow best in light soils. Prepare the site for planting in advance, apply 50 g of phosphorus and potash fertilizers per m2 in the fall, dig deep. In the spring, add 40 g of ammonium nitrate per m2 of plot to the topsoil.

Before planting seedlings in open ground, disinfect the soil with this solution: dilute 1 tbsp of copper sulfate in 10 liters of water.

At the end of May, pepper seedlings are planted in open ground with a distance of 40x40 cm between plants. Seedlings are planted in a film greenhouse at the end of April.

Seedlings should be planted at the same depth with which the plants grew in cups or boxes. Do not expose the roots, but also try not to drop the root neck.

Peppers do not like cold soil, arrange high beds for peppers raised by 25 cm to get a good crop of peppers.

Attention: peppers are subject to cross-pollination, so plant different varieties of peppers as far apart as possible or separate them using tall plantations of tomatoes, corn, and sunflowers.

Video - Peppers, the secret of a rich harvest

Outdoor Pepper Care

It is necessary to timely water, fertilize, garter and weed pepper plantings.

Top dressing of peppers in open ground

During the season, it is necessary to carry out 3-4 top dressings with chicken manure diluted with water 1 x 10. Alternate such top dressing with foliar top dressing using spraying with nitrophoska (1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water).

Potassium deficiency will lead to twisting of the leaves, the appearance of a drying border. But pepper does not tolerate an abundance of potassium chloride.

At nitrogen deficiency pepper leaves become smaller, acquire a dull grayish tint. If excess nitrogen occurs, flowers and ovaries are shed.

Phosphorus deficiency- the leaves on the underside become rich purple, pressed against the stem of the plants and rise up.

At lack of magnesium leaves become marbled.

Video - HOW TO FORM PEPPER CORRECTLY!!! CARE AND FEEDING!!!

Pepper Care

Spend pinching in hot and humid weather, removing side shoots, especially the lower ones. And vice versa, when the weather is hot and dry, the peppers are not stepchildren, the leaves during this period protect the plants from evaporating the moisture of the soil.

Pepper pruning

During the growing season, pruning of the longest shoots is carried out, especially all shoots below the fork of the main stem, as well as all branches going inside the plant, are removed. Pruning every 10 days and after fruit picking.

To attract pollinating insects, spray pepper plantings with a sugar or honey solution: 100 g of sugar, add 2 g of boric acid, dilute everything in a liter of hot water.

Mulching peppers with rotted straw (10 cm layer) will reduce the frequency of watering to 1 time in 10 days.

Timely carry out the garter of plants, it is better to do this after hilling.

Pests and diseases of pepper

Pests such as slugs, cutworms, aphids, whiteflies, mole crickets, and the Colorado potato beetle can harm plants. It is necessary to pollinate the pepper with wood ash 3 times per season.

Common diseases of sweet pepper- Late blight, Septoria, macrosporiosis, top rot, white rot, black leg.

In the fight against the bear, before planting in the ground, fill the planting holes with onion water (500 g of onion peel to insist in 10 liters of water for 3 days).

In case of aphids infestation, treat the plants with a solution: dilute 1.5 l of whey in 10 l of water. After processing, crush with ash.

Harvesting bell pepper

When the peppers are the right size and color for ripeness, start harvesting by cutting off the stemmed vegetables. Pepper ripening begins in early August and continues until the first frost.

Video - 10 MISTAKES when growing sweet peppers

Big harvests of sweet pepper to you!

Bulgarian pepper cultivation and care

Growing pepper requires care and attention. But if you prepare strong and healthy seedlings, properly care for them, then the result will be an ideal harvest of large and juicy vegetables.

Seed preparation

According to the lunar calendar, it is recommended to sow pepper for seedlings during the days of the growing moon. To grow seedlings of pepper, the seeds are sown as early as February, because by the time they are transplanted into the greenhouse - in early May, or into open ground, the seedlings must reach the age of three months.

Preparation of pepper seeds before sowing

Step-by-step technology of pre-sowing preparation

1. Disinfect the seed material in a 1% iodine solution for half an hour, then rinse.
2. Immerse them for 5 hours in warm water (temperature - up to 50 ° C).
3. For final germination, leave the seeds in a warm room for a couple of days, covered with a damp cloth.

If sowing is done for seedlings, prepare the soil by mixing the earth with sand (one to one), add the same amount of humus to get a ratio of 1:1:2. For every kilogram of soil, add a tablespoon of ash.

Agrotechnics of sowing bell pepper seeds for seedlings

• After filling the boxes with prepared soil, moisten it.
• Make grooves in the ground 1.5-2 cm deep.
• Plant seeds at a distance of 4-5 cm from one another, so that in the future the seedlings do not dive.
• Sprinkle with earth and pour well with warm water. Cover the container with polyethylene or glass and place in a warm room.

Sowing bell pepper seeds for seedlings

The presence of light at the moment does not matter. But after seed germination, additional lighting is required from 7 am to 9 pm.

Growing seedlings of bell pepper

When the first shoots appear, after 4-7 days, the shelter will need to be removed.

Features of caring for pepper seedlings

Watering is necessary for seedlings once a day, it is advisable to carry out the procedure in the morning or in the evening. Use warm water, preferably melted water, infused to room temperature (up to + 30 ° C). Before watering, loosen the soil to a depth of 5-6 cm.

Watering pepper seedlings

High soil moisture can lead to black leg disease, but the soil should not dry out completely. To avoid diseases and the appearance of pests, the air must be constantly moistened by daily spraying, and the room must be ventilated.

• Maintain daytime temperature at 22-27 ° C, night - 14-16 ° C.
• Dive the first leaf that appears, this will prevent tangling of the roots.

Feeding pepper seedlings

During the growing period, the seedlings are fertilized twice.

• The first time - after the formation of 3-4 leaves (13-15 days after the first shoots). Use urea: 1 tbsp. for 10 liters of water. To improve the effect, first crush the soil with ash.
• The second time - 4-5 days before transplanting into the ground. The composition is used the same as for the first time, but superphosphate (1 tbsp) is also added to it.

Nettle infusion is also an effective top dressing.

Bulgarian pepper: cultivation and care in the open field

Proper outdoor pepper care involves careful preparation. You will need tools and tools for watering, weeding, fertilizing and warming from frost.

Planting pepper seedlings in open ground

Terms of planting pepper in open ground

For planting, it is necessary to wait for warm weather so that the soil warms up.

• In the south of Russia and in the middle lane - in late May or early June.
• For the northern regions, this time comes by mid-June, when the threat of return frosts has passed.

Hardening seedlings before planting

In order for the cultivation of pepper in the open field to be successful, the seedlings must be hardened 14 days before planting.

Hardening seedlings in boxes on the veranda

• Within a few days, open the window for 1-2 hours, if the weather is warm.
• Having built a sun shield from plywood sheets, hardening is carried out on a balcony or veranda for a week.
• If the night air temperature is not lower than 14 degrees. Celsius, then it is no longer brought into the room.

Site selection and soil preparation for growing peppers

Select the area where you plan to grow peppers. It should be protected from strong drafts and well lit. The bed must be pre-treated:

• In autumn, the soil is carefully dug up and loosened, after which complex potash and phosphorus fertilizers are applied (50 g per 1 sq.m.)
• In the spring, 40 g of ammonium nitrate per square meter is applied to the site in the top layer of soil.
• Five days before planting seedlings, the soil is disinfected with a solution of copper sulfate (1 tbsp per bucket of water).

If you use different varieties, it is better to grow peppers in open ground at a remote distance from each other, as the culture tends to pollinate. You can distinguish varieties by planting tall plants - corn, tomatoes or sunflowers.

The procedure for planting pepper seedlings in open ground

Pepper does not tolerate cold soil, so it is better to raise the height of the beds by 20-50 cm.

Planting pepper in open ground

• Pepper seedlings are watered to take them out of the containers with the root, they are planted in the morning or in the evening when the sun is not too active.
• Planted vertically according to the scheme 40x40 cm.
• Peppers are sprinkled with earth, the area around it is slightly compacted and watered well with warm water.
• The leaves of young plants break easily, so put a peg on each and tie it up.
• To ensure oxygen access, loosen the earth around the plant.
• Cover the ridge with a film, pulling it over pre-installed arcuate rods. After rooting, remove the film.

Build protection from the cold for peppers with available improvised materials by building a tent from roofing material, boards or cardboard. From above it can be covered with burlap or agrofibre.

Pinching peppers outdoors

For the proper formation of the bush and the good development of the fruit, pinching is carried out every 10 days. When the plant reaches a height of 25 cm, cut off its top. As a result, the stem will give a lot of shoots, they must be partially removed, leaving 5-6 top ones. They will serve to form the crop. Pasynkovanie carried out in hot, but not dry weather.

How to properly pinch a pepper

To attract insects to your area that will pollinate the pepper during flowering, spray it with a special sugar syrup. It is prepared as follows: in a liter of hot water dissolve half a glass of sugar and 2 grams. boric acid.

Watering peppers outdoors

Growing bell peppers in open ground does not require abundant watering. The first time it is watered during planting, the second - after 5 days, then - once a week. For watering one plant, 1-1.5 liters is enough. But as you grow older, the rate can be doubled.

When the pepper begins to bloom, water it only with warm water (20-22 degrees Celsius). Watering is stopped 2 weeks before the vegetables are completely harvested. After each watering or rain, the soil must be loosened.

To reduce the number of waterings and better retain moisture at the roots of plants, mulch the peppers with a 10-centimeter layer of overripe straw.

Top dressing of pepper in the open field

Pepper care after planting in the ground necessarily includes three top dressings per season.

Feeding peppers in high beds

1. The first is carried out after two weeks. Nitrogen fertilizers are necessary for good growth. To do this, dilute a tablespoon of superphosphate and urea in a bucket of water. You can mix urea (1 teaspoon) in the same volume of water. Pour 1 liter of this composition under each plant.
2. The next top dressing is done during flowering. Since potassium is needed to set fruits, use wood ash. Feed again with urea, as in the first feeding.
3. The last time pepper is fed with the appearance of the first fruits. To do this, dilute potassium salt and superphosphate (2 teaspoons each) in 10 liters of water.

Watch the pepper grow, it may need additional feeding. It can be foliar, since the plant can receive the necessary substances not only through the roots, but also through the leaves.

Pepper growing problems and solutions

• If the leaves turn yellow, then they lack nitrogen. To provide this substance, spray with a solution of urea in water in the ratio: 1 tablespoon per bucket of water.
• If the pepper loses its ovaries, then prepare a solution of boric acid: a teaspoon in a bucket of water.
• In case of poor fruit formation, feed with superphosphate or ash: a teaspoon per 5 liters of water.

Foliar top dressing is carried out exclusively in the morning or evening, otherwise the leaves may burn out in the scorching sun. In this case, the weather should be calm. Fertilization with yeast has a good effect on the development of peppers.

Pepper yeast recipe

For cooking, you need 100 grams of fresh yeast. They are soaked in 0.5 liters of water for a day. Before use, add 5 liters of water to the solution.

Fertilizer recipe for dry yeast peppers

Dissolve one package of dry yeast in a bucket of water, add 2 tablespoons of sugar, leave for 2 hours to activate the fermentation process. Dilute the infusion with water at the rate of 0.5 liters per 10 liters of water.

Apply this dressing only to sufficiently warmed soil. It can be applied no more than twice per season. After fertilizing with yeast, be sure to add wood ash.

Pepper protection from diseases and pests in the open field

• To protect peppers from major pepper pests, dust them with wood ash three times during the season. This should be done early in the morning when there is still dew on the plant.
• To prevent damage by the bear, 1 hour before planting the pepper, fill the wells with onion water (0.5 kg of onion peel insist on 10 liters of water for three days).
• If during the growing season you find aphids infested, treat with a solution of 1.5 liters of whey in a bucket of water. After spraying, crush with ash.

Harvest dates for outdoor peppers

• The fruits are harvested when they have acquired the size and color corresponding to ripening. Since these vegetables are fragile, it is better to cut them with a stalk.
• The first harvest appears by mid-August, then it is harvested every week until frost.

To prepare seeds for next year, select a few large fruits. Do not remove them until the end of the summer, allowing them to fully mature. Cut and wrap in paper until dry. Cut and collect the seeds. Their varietal characteristics can persist for three years if cross-pollination does not occur.

Sweet pepper: cultivation and care in a greenhouse

Since pepper is a very heat-loving crop, its cultivation in open ground most often begins with seedlings. When sowing pepper seeds into the ground, they are carefully processed and well hardened. That is why many gardeners prefer growing bell peppers in a greenhouse, where ideal growing conditions can be created for the plant.

Growing bell peppers in a greenhouse

For planting seedlings or sowing seeds, glass, film greenhouses or greenhouses are used. It is also now widely practiced to grow peppers in a polycarbonate greenhouse.

The technology of planting bell pepper in a greenhouse

Peppers are planted in a greenhouse in early April. It can be sown from seeds, but for better yields, use 2-month-old seedlings 20-25 cm high, which already have 6 to 10 leaves.

Planting bell peppers in a greenhouse

• Ridges are prepared in the greenhouse at a distance of half a meter from one another.
• Holes are made in them, corresponding to the size of the container in which the seedlings grew.
• A solution of manure or chicken manure is poured into the pits. To prepare it, half a liter of manure or a glass of litter is dissolved in a bucket of warm water (about +50 C).
• Pour 1 liter into each well.
• Pepper seedlings are watered to take it out of the container with the root.
• After that, pepper is planted in prepared holes and tied to pegs.

Peppers in a greenhouse cultivation and care

The main care for pepper in a greenhouse is to observe the optimal temperature regime, water, regularly feed, weed and loosen.

Drip automated watering of pepper in a greenhouse

• The greenhouse must be ventilated, and in the heat - shade.
• Peppers are watered every 2-3 days, 1-2 liters of water are poured under the root of each plant.
• Growing peppers in a greenhouse involves maintaining the optimum temperature. During the day it should be at the level of 20-27°С, at night - 15°С. After the onset of fruiting, it can be reduced by a couple of degrees.
• Bushes spud when the soil is still wet. After the soil dries out, it is necessary to loosen the aisles.

Caring for peppers in a polycarbonate greenhouse does not differ from the rules for caring for a conventional greenhouse.

How to properly feed peppers in a greenhouse

Growing peppers in a greenhouse is not possible without sufficient nutrients. For top dressing, urea is used in a similar proportion. But it is better to use a solution of bird droppings in water in a ratio of 1 to 15. They are watered with 1 liter of each sprout. Before top dressing, pepper care includes sprinkling with wood ash.

Fertilized pepper beds in a greenhouse

• The first feeding is carried out two weeks after planting in the greenhouse.
• The second - at the ovary of fruit.
• The third is before harvest.

The composition of fertilizers can be the same for each of the procedures, if the plant does not show signs of a lack of any trace elements.

Outcome

Bulgarian pepper, the cultivation and care of which we examined, will delight you with an excellent harvest, subject to agrotechnical rules. Follow the recommendations, carry out timely watering and fertilization and you will not have any problems with this crop.