What is the difference between large garden strawberries and strawberries: the secrets of growing. Differences between garden strawberries and strawberries

In this article, we will look at the difference between strawberries and strawberries.

Strawberries are one of the most beloved berries among the population of our country. It is used to prepare various desserts, jams, preserves, compotes and tea.

However, many people confuse strawberries with strawberries, being sure that there is no difference between them, although in fact they are radically different. In order to understand the difference between these berries, as well as how to plant them correctly in a summer cottage, we will consider all their properties.

What are strawberries and strawberries and what do they look like?

Strawberry and strawberry plants belong to the Strawberry genus of the Rose family. They are similar in appearance, but have a number of distinctive qualities.

The fruits of ripe strawberries have a scarlet color.
The shade of ripe strawberries can vary from red to dark brown.
Strawberries have the appearance of a small bush (20-25 cm), which consists of several stems in the center, and leaves along the side edges
Strawberry looks like a mundane bush and has a height of 25 to 32 cm, depending on the variety. Leaves are located on the sides, and “antennae” stretch in the center of the earth - stems, thanks to which the process of reproduction takes place
The fruits of garden strawberries are larger than those of the forest

Strawberries are usually large, about 2-7 cm, depending on the variety.
Strawberry fruits small size: 0.5-2 cm
Garden strawberries can reach 2-4 cm in size
When cut, strawberries have white tissues inside, a core and seeds throughout outside
Strawberries also have seeds on the outside of the fruit, and a rich red color inside.
The fruits of garden strawberries do not have bitterness, unlike forest

How to distinguish strawberries from strawberries by leaves?

To distinguish strawberries from garden strawberries, just look at the leaves of the plant. However, not only external data can determine the type of berry. Strawberries have the following characteristics:

Peduncles located much higher than the foliage
Berries are not tilted down
Leaves and fruits have a note of musky aroma
Plants are grown in the shade in places with high humidity.
The leaves are corrugated or light green, while they are always large.

Strawberries are distinguished by the following qualities:

The leaves are oval, ovate, trifoliate or ovate-rhombic in shape.
Leaf margins are always serrated
Their shade, as a rule, is a rich green color.
The leaves are large or medium, depending on the bush
The bottom of the sheet is always omitted
Leaves and fruits are always fragrant

Why are garden strawberries called strawberries?

Garden strawberries are correct name strawberries, which are usually grown on the territory summer cottages and backyard cottages. It has several varieties and varies in size, sugar content and taste. There are 3 options for the name of this garden berry:

Strawberry
strawberries
Victoria

Each of them has its origins:

Strawberries began to be called a berry back in ancient rome. This was facilitated by its shape, as well as the presence of small grains on the surface, which were repeated in a miniature form of the fruit.
The name "strawberry" came from the way this berry grows. Because it ripens in close proximity to the ground. In our country, strawberries are called wild berries that grow in the forest or in glades.
The name "Victoria" berry received in the early 20th century. Workers at the Versailles Garden mistakenly planted different varieties strawberries in neighboring beds. After pollination, the fruit had a different taste and shape, which was loved by the representatives of the nobility.

People call strawberries strawberries and vice versa, in most cases due to ignorance of the properties and appearance berries.

What is the difference between strawberries and strawberries: comparison

Strawberries and wild strawberries in the classification of botany belong to perennial herbaceous plants of the Strawberry genus of the Pink family. However, both berries have a number of differences that will help to recognize the necessary plant and properly care for it. Among the main differences are:

Stem height (strawberries are 25 to 32 cm, depending on the variety, and strawberries are 20 to 25 cm)
The size and shape of flowers (strawberries are unisexual, and strawberries are bisexual)
Leaves (strawberries are light green or ruffled)
Harvest ( garden strawberry gives more fruits than strawberry)
Smell (strawberries have a more pronounced aroma than strawberries)

Berry size (strawberries have larger fruits than garden strawberries)
Way of growth (strawberry leaves are not located on the ground, unlike garden strawberries)
Population (true strawberries are not found in the wild, and in the CIS countries, garden strawberries are predominantly cultivated)

What is healthier, better, more productive, more fragrant, tastier: strawberries or strawberries?

There are about 30 varieties of strawberries. The most popular are the following varieties:

Sadovaya
Lesnaya
Chilean
Eastern
virginskaya
large-flowered

The most popular varieties of strawberries include:

Gigantella
mara de bois
Albion
Masha
festival
marvelous
Maxim
Honey
kimberley

When choosing a berry for cultivation, it is worth considering:

Garden strawberries produce more fruit than strawberries
Strawberries are more flavorful
Strawberries are sweeter
Strawberries have a sour aftertaste
Both berries can be used as a base for cooking various dishes.
Strawberries are smaller

Unequivocally answer the question: “Which berry is more healthy and tasty?” - impossible. After all, each variety has a number of specific qualities that distinguish it from the rest.

Vitamins in strawberries and strawberries: where is more?

It's no secret that berries are rich in trace elements, antioxidants and other useful components. Strawberries contain vitamins: C, E, A, B. Strawberries are a storehouse of C, E, B, H, PP. The highest concentration of vitamins is found in berries of wild origin.

The leaves and fruits of strawberries are widely used in the presence of such diagnoses:

Pharyngitis
Laryngitis
Inflammation of hemorrhoids
Stomatitis
Depression
bowel disorder
Poisoning
Streptococcus

Vitamins and trace elements in these berries are contained in approximately equal amounts. However, it is worth remembering that choosing strawberries and strawberries in medicinal purposes you need one that has grown in the wild, or those fruits for the growth of which chemical fertilizers and pesticides were not used.

Is it possible to plant strawberries next to strawberries and at what distance?

In order to plant strawberries use a large number of ways. Among them are:

Bush
Private
nesting
Carpet

For planting strawberry bushes, the soil is preliminarily prepared. If there is no more free space on the site, then several recommendations should be adopted:

Do not plant more than 4 varieties of strawberries or strawberries next to each other
Bushes should be located at least 30 cm from each other
It is necessary to choose different zones for planting strawberries and strawberries, since these plants react differently to humidity and sunlight

The distance from bush to bush on one bed is kept within 30 cm
It is also important to maintain a distance of 30 cm from other sides
Passages between beds should be at least 70 cm, and when planting strawberries - 90 cm

In order to properly plant strawberry bushes, you must adhere to the following rules:

The soil is cultivated to a depth of 7-8 cm using a rake
After that, it is necessary to level the entire ball of soil
Next, you need to compact the soil
When forming rows, you need to keep a distance of 70 cm between the beds
The distance from bush to bush is at least 15 cm and maximum 30 cm
When planting fruits on the same bed, it is also important to observe a distance of 30 cm
If you use a low view, then a sufficient distance is 25 cm
In the case of planting tall bushes, leave 35 cm

If it is necessary to place strawberry and strawberry bushes side by side, be prepared for the mixing of the two varieties to occur. After all, in the process of pollination, they can mix, because of which the crop can be lost. Therefore, it is necessary to follow all the above recommendations, as well as carefully choose varieties of strawberries and strawberries so that the harvest is rich and pleases you for more than one year.

Video: What is the difference between strawberries and strawberries?

The plant in our gardens, which is often called "strawberry", is nothing more than garden strawberries. The confusion in the names arose a long time ago, more than 300 years ago, when few people understood botany, and the shape of the berries and the taste of strawberries and strawberries are similar.

In modern botany different kinds strawberries and strawberries are representatives of the same genus - "Strawberry". Only here there are more than 2000 types of strawberries, while strawberries have only a few.

And now - about the differences between the type of "strawberry" and the type of "strawberry".

1. The prevalence of species.

Meet real strawberries at summer cottages – a rarity. This species mainly grows wild in glades, forest edges, among shrubs. In Russia, in culture, practically, it is not cultivated. Strawberries grow mostly in the shade and are moisture-loving. Strawberries, in turn, have many wild-growing forest species, as well as garden, cultural forms. And such a common species as garden strawberries does not exist in the wild.

2. Productivity.

Garden strawberry plants are unisexual, while strawberries contain both pistillate (female) flowers and staminate (male) flowers. From this property follows the high yield of garden strawberries. Every strawberry plant bears fruit. In strawberries, the yield is low, since individual bushes (male) do not produce berries at all. But male bushes like to breed, they give more mustaches than female ones. A gardener who grows strawberries should limit the growth of male bushes due to the possible displacement of female ones.

3. External differences.

Outwardly, strawberries are more powerful than garden strawberries, the height of the plant reaches 40 cm. The leaves of strawberries are large, light green, corrugated. The berries are larger than those of wild strawberries, but smaller than those of garden strawberries. The taste qualities of strawberries and wild strawberries directly depend on their variety and growing conditions. However, strawberries have a specific musky aroma.

4. Growing conditions and frost resistance.

The high winter hardiness of strawberries allows it to survive even snowless, harsh winters. Strawberries love moisture and are demanding on watering, unlike garden strawberries. In the heat, strawberry leaves wither, while garden strawberries do not suffer from elevated temperatures. shaded area - the best place growing strawberries.

5. Reproduction.

Both strawberries and strawberries reproduce by whiskers. However, in strawberries they are shorter, and less of them are formed than in strawberries. Crossing strawberries with strawberries practically does not occur, since the species differ in the number of chromosomes.

Here is such a strawberry-strawberry jam turned out.

Choose for yourself whether to cook it only with strawberries or strawberries, or make a mix!

Now, few gardeners think about what exactly they grow on their site: strawberries or garden strawberries. At the same time, most confidently call this berry a strawberry. But is this really so and what are the essential features that distinguish these berries from each other?

The main differences between strawberries and strawberries

Recently, many have begun to wonder how strawberries differ from strawberries, what is the difference between these berries and which one to grow. Before answering these questions, it is necessary to analyze the positive and negative characteristics these two representatives.

It has now become very popular. What is the difference between garden strawberries and strawberries? In strawberries, the berries are smaller in size, have a characteristic dark purple color, the flesh is very fragrant. has larger berries with excellent taste characteristics, very juicy, slightly sour.

The presence of nutrients in strawberries and strawberries

It is important to know not only how strawberries differ from strawberries, but also how useful these berries are and what kind of nutrients are characterized. Strawberries contain about 9% sugar, acid plant origin about 1.5%, proteins 1.5%, pectins 1.4%. But strawberries, to the surprise of many, have quite large quantity vitamin C. If you properly care for garden strawberries, then in the first year of planting you can get a crop. Within five years, this plant brings abundant harvests without transplantation, and in the future it requires a change in the place of cultivation.

Principles of difference between strawberries and strawberries

The difference between strawberries and strawberries is getting more and more interesting, as many are now trying to determine what they grow on their site. Strawberry fruits ripen quite early, when there are no other berries in the garden yet. This is what attracts the attention of summer residents and gardeners. But strawberries do not have such large berries, like strawberries, but they are more fragrant and have slightly elongated proportions.

The most interesting thing is that strawberries have female and male plants. Some of them have flowers with only stamens, which are not able to bear fruit. They are the ones who are male. But the other part of these plants contains only pistils, which further contributes to the formation of fruits. These plants are female.

Now it becomes more clear how strawberries differ from strawberries and why it is less profitable to grow the latter. After all, if it is not pollinated, then the yield may drop to zero.

The flowers of garden strawberries can be bisexual, they are also called perfect. They are capable of self-pollination. Strawberries bloom with the onset of sustained heat, and begin to bear fruit earlier than others garden berries. However, its fruits in the biological sense are a false berry.

Main Differences Between Strawberries and Strawberries

Strawberry is a bisexual plant. She has male and female plants. But garden strawberries have bisexual flowers. This is what takes priority in the matter of how strawberries differ from strawberries.

Strawberries have much larger berries, their yield is much higher due to the self-pollination of flowers. Because of this, growing strawberries in the garden becomes unprofitable. This is another point that answers the question of how strawberries differ from strawberries.

Many practicing gardeners have realized that on small area growing strawberries is unprofitable, because with abundant flowering it gives rather low yields. She is able to please your eye with a riot of color, but the number of berries can even upset. Therefore, many summer residents now prefer garden strawberries, which are less whimsical and give much more yield. Yes, and her berries are much larger. Only here is the aroma that distinguishes strawberries from strawberries, you will not be able to get, no matter which variety you prefer. It is he who symbolizes how strawberries differ from strawberries. There are still true connoisseurs of this berry in our country who, in spite of everything, continue to grow it.

Among gardeners, there is often confusion in the names between strawberries and strawberries. beginners and even experienced gardeners large-fruited strawberries are incorrectly called strawberries. Strawberries are very similar to strawberries, but botanically, these plants are classified as different types. In Russia, before the appearance of large-fruited garden strawberries, the population collected wild-growing forest strawberries and strawberries in the forests. In the wild, strawberries are distributed almost throughout Europe. It grows in forests among shrubs, on forest edges, glades, mostly in the shade and less often in open places.
The wild strawberry is a perennial herbaceous plant 15-40 cm high with a rhizome densely dressed with stipules. Unlike strawberries, strawberries form fewer whiskers, and often none at all. Mustaches are short. The leaves are trifoliate, light green, large, strongly wrinkled, densely pubescent with hairs. Leaflets are oval-rhombic with sharp, large teeth. Petioles are long.
Peduncles usually exceed the leaves. Inflorescence corymbose, with 5-12 flowers on short, densely pubescent pedicels, elongating after flowering. The flowers are larger than those of strawberries, up to 2.5 cm in diameter. Petals are white. The fruits are medium-sized, ovoid or spherical, narrowed at the base into a neck free from achenes. The fruits are more intensely colored on the sunny side - dark cherry or dark purple, on the shady side - greenish-white. The pulp is friable, with a strong musky aroma, great taste. Fruits contain from 5 to 9.4% sugars and 1-1.5% acids. Unlike the wild strawberry, the wild strawberry is a dioecious plant. Some plants have only female flowers (pistillate), others have male (staminate) flowers.
Strawberries are highly winter hardy and grow in areas with snowless and harsh winters. Often the population, picking strawberries in the forest, considers them to be wild strawberries.
Forest strawberries were grown in gardens in the old days. Peter the Great, during a campaign against Azov, ordered live strawberry plants to be delivered to St. Petersburg. I. V. Michurin worked on breeding new varieties of strawberries. He crossed forest strawberries with large-fruited varieties strawberries. Michurin wrote: “Many lovers appreciate our simple forest strawberries much higher than all cultivated varieties. And indeed, the wonderful aroma of its berries, dense and sweet pulp make jam of such excellent quality that absolutely cannot be obtained from any other strawberry varieties. Only in size berries and the amount of harvest, forest strawberries are significantly inferior to cultivated varieties.
Strawberries in our country have neither production nor amateur value. Strawberry cultivars are descended from wild strawberries and all closely resemble the wild forms. Strawberries in culture are represented by only a few varieties, while strawberries have more than 2000 varieties. Most famous varieties- Shpanka and Milanskaya. Currently, strawberries can be found in the gardens of the northeastern regions and in Siberia.
Shpanka (Russian strawberry)- old variety unknown origin. The bush is powerful, tall, dense. The leaves are folded, strongly wrinkled, densely pubescent above and below, light green. Berries of medium size and smaller, cone-shaped, red-violet, greenish on the shady side. The pulp is loose, tender, light, the taste is very pleasant, the aroma is strong, peculiar, musky. Ripening is medium early. Productivity from 4 to 5 tons per 1 ha. Berries are susceptible to damage by gray rot. The variety is very winter-hardy, but requires much more moisture than strawberries. The variety is dioecious. For every 4 bushes with female flowers, one bush with male flowers should be taken.
Milanskaya. The bush is tall, compact. Leaves
light green. The peduncle exceeds the leaves. The flower is white. Berries of medium size, elongated-conical, with a pronounced neck. From the sunny side - dark purple-red, from the shady side - green. The pulp is friable, whitish, good taste. Sugars 9.34%, acids - 1.45%. Ripening time - medium early. The variety is winter-hardy, the yield is average. The berries make excellent jam.
The value of strawberry varieties lies in their exceptionally high frost resistance, in excellent palatability and berry aroma. The disadvantages include small berries with a paler color, mediocre yield and dioeciousness, due to which, along with fruit-bearing female specimens, it is necessary to cultivate barren flowers - male plants. Strawberries are best planted in a shady area. It breeds in the same way as strawberries - with a mustache. Mustache development and rooting occurs in late summer and early autumn. Planting care is the same as for strawberries. Strawberries practically do not cross with large-fruited strawberries.
A gardener can always distinguish strawberries from strawberries by their bright pronounced signs. Strawberry plants are distinguished by their large size and an extraordinary abundance of light green foliage. Peduncles always rise above the leaves. The berries are small, conical in shape, with a purple color and a strong nutmeg flavor.
Unfortunately, I have never seen strawberry plants in the summer cottages of amateur gardeners in our region. A pity, it is of great interest to amateur gardening.
V. Ponomarenko,
Academician Petrovskaya
Academy of Sciences
Material from the weekly newspaper "GARDENER"