How to permanently get rid of dampness in the cellar and basement. How to dry the basement and cellar from damp Damp walls in the basement

The direct purpose of the cellar is to extend the shelf life of the crop, regardless of the time of year and weather conditions outside the window. The most important factor responsible for creating an optimal microclimate is the humidity in the cellar. To receive good conditions storage of products, its performance should be stable and not go beyond the permissible limits.

High humidity in the cellar causes a decrease in the shelf life of products. Bringing this parameter to normative values is an important task, the solution of which is necessary for the preservation of the crop.

Influence on the microclimate and standard values

Building a cellar is enough challenging task requiring an integrated approach. When erecting it, it is necessary to take into account a huge number of factors and focus on building codes, otherwise it is unlikely that it will be possible to obtain a high-quality building. The main criteria that affect the safety of food are humidity and temperature. It is these two parameters that are the main ones and must be maintained at a certain level.

According to normative documentation The optimal conditions in the cellar are:

humidity within 85-90%;
temperature around 2-5 degrees.

Such a ratio of the main indicators is the most favorable for extending the shelf life of the crop. At the same time, it must be observed all year round, regardless of external factors. The imbalance instantly affects the microclimate of the room.

Increased humidity in the cellar leads to a shift in the dew point inside the room. At the same time, under normal conditions, it should be outside it. The consequence of this process is the formation of condensate, which covers all surfaces and contributes to the development of dampness. Mold, musty air, food rotting and rack corrosion are just a few of the problems that excess moisture can cause.

An increase in temperature makes the air drier, which also does not bring anything good. A sharp decrease in the level of moisture and an increase in thermal indicators has Negative influence on foods, drying them 2x faster. Therefore, the temperature and humidity in the cellar must be constant, and also be within the limits provided for by the technical documentation.

Causes

Controlling humidity and maintaining it within certain limits is a rather difficult task. It is very easy to break the precarious balance between the main indicators. The slightest flaws in the design or neglect of construction technology affect the characteristics of the room. The greatest influence on the microclimate in the cellar has:

soil type;
location;
waterproofing quality;
quality of thermal insulation;
condition of the ventilation system.

High humidity in the cellar may be the result of its construction in unsuitable soil. Each type of soil has its own coefficient of thermal conductivity. The higher its performance, the less soil can withstand thermal stress. Moreover, such a statement is true not only in relation to an increase in temperature, but also to its decrease. Soil with high conductivity freezes fairly quickly. Cold air reaches the cellar, contributing to a sharp decrease in air temperature in it. Loam and clay are a poor base for building a facility, and sandstone and sandstone are considered good soil for building it.

Imbalance of key indicators may occur when wrong location cellars. If the building is not deep enough underground or near water sources. In this case, it will warm up faster in summer and freeze in winter. To neutralize such phenomena, it must be deepened by at least 0.5-1.0 meters. Another option would be to build a cellar directly under residential building. In this case, the heat from its heated part will penetrate through the ceiling, contributing to the dew point mixing.

High humidity in the cellar may be the result of poor waterproofing. During the rainy season, water permeates the ground and, in the absence of a protective layer or its violation, can seep through brickwork inside the premises. At the same time, the amount of moisture that enters the cellar depends on the area of \u200b\u200bthe unprotected area and the intensity of washing the walls. This problem can be solved only by applying a waterproofing layer to the outer surface of the object.

The quality of thermal insulation also plays an important role in creating optimal conditions in the cellar. If it is located in clay soils, is not deep enough underground, or is equipped directly under the house, then an imbalance between temperature and humidity cannot be avoided. The situation can be corrected only by creating an additional heat-insulating layer, which is mounted on the ceiling or walls.

Condition of the ventilation system

Humidity in the cellar should always be the same. The most significant role in the process of removing excess heated air is played by the condition of the ventilation system. A well-functioning hood can neutralize most of the negative factors that lead to a violation of the microclimate in it. The operation of any ventilation system is based on natural circulation air masses that, when heated, rise up, and after cooling down again to the floor. This property is especially clearly seen in a closed space, which is the cellar.

Important! According to the regulatory documentation, at least 150-180 cubic meters should be supplied through the ventilation system every hour. fresh air. This indicator makes it possible not only to remove the humidity in the cellar, but also to partially normalize temperature regime.

In the process of heating, the air absorbs particles of liquid and rises to the ceiling with them. In this case, the cold air stream descends to the bottom of the room. Thus, the creation of a ventilation system of a supply and exhaust type is carried out on the basis of the difference in air temperature inside the cellar and directly outside it.

Reduce humidity in a cellar with a small area up to 10 sq.m. possible by applying natural ventilation. The principle of its operation is to organize good air circulation based on physical properties air. The outlet channel is installed near the ceiling, providing the removal of heated moist air masses. The inlet is mounted at the very floor 10-15 cm before its surface. Moreover, both air ducts are located at different ends of the room. This installation scheme allows you to organize excellent air exchange inside the room.

To get rid of high humidity in a cellar with an area of more than 10 sq.m. only possible using forced systems ventilation. The principle of their work is based on the use of special exhaust fans that increase natural air circulation.

To bring the temperature and humidity indicators back to normal, the parameters of the cellar must meet all the necessary standards. The presence of leaks, poor thermal insulation and improper territorial location have a negative impact on the indoor climate. Therefore, such problems must be eliminated at the design stage and construction work must be carried out in accordance with the standards specified in SNiP.

Humidity and air temperature are the determining parameters, on the value of which the storage conditions of products depend. At the same time, it is not easy to achieve the optimal ratio between these indicators. On the climatic conditions inside the cellar is influenced by a huge number of factors, among which special place occupies ventilation functionality.

If dampness appeared in the cellar, not everyone knows how to get rid of it. First of all, it is necessary to find out the causes of this phenomenon, because you can deal with the consequences, but soon moisture will still appear on the surface, which will lead to an increase in its concentration in the air. Because of this, the stocks of vegetables and fruits gradually deteriorate, the materials from which the cellar walls are made are destroyed. Having received an answer to the question of why it is damp in the room, you can get rid of the unpleasant consequences of this phenomenon forever. At the same time, stocks of products will remain for a long time.

Causes of dampness in the cellar

Such a nuisance can happen as a result of an increase in the level of air humidity, the formation of condensate on the surface, a leak at the joint finishing materials or structural elements. All these factors are the result of larger problems. Common reasons for increased humidity in the cellar:

Violation of the circulation of air flows. The main symptoms: stale air, the room becomes stuffy. Underground, and even more so at a significant depth, the natural circulation of air flows worsens, which leads to the accumulation of steam in the cellar. This is due to errors in the installation of the ventilation system. Even if at first nothing interfered with natural circulation, over time, during the operation of the cellar, communications become clogged with debris and foliage. Because of this, the intensity of air exchange is reduced.
Answering the question why the air in the cellar is highly humidified, the probability of capillary penetration of liquid through the partitions of the structure that are in contact with the soil is also taken into account. main reason This is in violation of the tightness of the walls. It happens that all surfaces are covered with droplets, water drops appear in these places due to errors during the installation of the cellar foundation. As a result, the structure may collapse, which occurs due to the gradual deterioration of the quality of concrete.
Incorrect waterproofing or its absence.
Rising groundwater levels. The liquid rises in spring and autumn, which is due to frequent rains. If the drainage does not cope with the task of outflowing water, it will accumulate and stagnate on the cellar floor. This will lead to the appearance of an unpleasant odor, the products will deteriorate. The materials from which structural elements are made are exposed to negative impacts.

What is the danger of high humidity in the cellar

The first sign of a violation of the normal microclimate is condensate, followed by musty, bad smell in room. Based on these signs, it can be assumed that such an indicator as the humidity in the basement has changed. Negative consequences this phenomenon:

in humid conditions, mold and fungus intensively develop;
the temperature regime in the room changes;
in conditions of high humidity, an increase in the number of harmful microorganisms is noted;
regular contact with water can lead to the destruction of the structure;
if the cellar is done fine finish, materials lose their properties under the influence of moisture;
if the wall, floor or space under the floor often becomes damp, food can also become damp, as a result, it will be much more difficult to preserve vegetables;
the appearance of rust on metal communications.

The fight against dampness in the basement should be carried out by complex methods. If you eliminate the obvious cause of condensation, but ignore the accompanying factors (inefficient ventilation, flooding during the rainy period), soon the negative phenomena will appear again.

Fighting mold fungus

The two conditions under which mold develops are: the access of oxygen is blocked, high level humidity. It is important to eliminate these factors, for which they improve or repair the existing ventilation system. Dehumidifiers (building hair dryer, heat gun) will help get rid of moisture in the cellar. An antifungal agent has a negative effect on mold. With its help, wooden, brick, concrete surfaces are treated. If by different reasons a high level of humidity could not be lowered; substances based on sulfur, chlorine or acid are periodically used.

How to remove dampness and humidity in the basement

An integrated method of struggle implies the need for simultaneous application waterproofing materials, dehumidifiers, as well as the need to install a ventilation system. Measures are being taken to divert groundwater. However, any work begins with the removal of the effects of moisture. Surfaces must be dried properly. There are several ways to eliminate dampness and water

the use of a building hair dryer;
drying surfaces with a heat gun;
arrangement of drainage for the removal of accumulated water: clay, crushed stone, sand;
pumping fluid through pumping equipment, for which a pit with a waterproof cylindrical sleeve is preliminarily equipped.

If the question is how to dry the cellar, it is not always necessary to consider all methods at the same time. The most suitable one is selected, taking into account the intensity of leakage or the volume of water. If there is little liquid, drying is carried out with special equipment. In case of severe flooding, the last two methods are considered. Only in this case it is not enough just to remove excess water. After performing these works, it is necessary to use dehumidifiers.

When the level of humidity in the basement is lowered, they proceed to the next stage, which is to eliminate the cause of the change in the microclimate in the room. To this end, work is underway to restore protective coatings: internal and external waterproofing. The load-bearing structures are inspected. All defects are eliminated. Only after that you can proceed to the installation of a moisture-proof coating.

Along with this measure, one should consider the possibility of increasing the flow of air and normalizing the process of outflow of the spent medium from the cellar. For this, special equipment is used. However, first of all, the option of enhancing natural air circulation should be considered. So that in the future you do not have to face the problem of moistening the cellar again, it is recommended to take up the diversion of groundwater. For this purpose, drainage and strengthening / waterproofing of the foundation are used.

Use of dehumidifiers

Moisture must be removed, we remove all products and objects from the cellar, especially those that are flammable. Then choose a method of drying air and surfaces:

Based on the ventilation system. Even if the air circulates in the cellar naturally, it is acceptable to choose this method. This group includes electrical appliances: industrial dryer, heat gun, specialized equipment (air dryer). More dangerous methods: gas burner, potbelly stove and kirogaz.
The use of hygroscopic (absorbent) materials, they absorb moisture, but only up to a certain point. Any hygroscopic material can absorb and release liquid, which occurs when the pores in the structure are completely filled and under the influence of external loads.

If the first group of funds is considered, Special attention give to the air dryer. Such devices pass the air flow through themselves. Inside, it passes through a chamber with cold air. As a result, condensate is formed, which settles on the walls of the tray specially provided for this task. If you are considering a heat gun or an industrial hair dryer, you should pay attention to models that are characterized by a power in the range of 2-3 kW. Less powerful devices will run slower.

The use of a potbelly stove, gas burner or kyrogaz in the basement is complicated by the risk to health and life. This is due to the fact that during similar devices stands out carbon monoxide. It is impossible to be in the cellar until the device has finished working, and harmful substances won't fade. In addition, when burning, an open fire intensively heats surfaces and air. Sometimes the average temperature during the drying of the cellar reaches +70°C.

If methods of moisture removal without ventilation are being studied, consider bulk materials which absorb water well. You can cover the floor in the cellar with salt, sawdust, newspapers, cardboard, corks, slaked lime. These are absorbent materials that absorb excess moisture. They should be changed periodically. To remove condensate, any of the materials or substances with such properties are left in the cellar for a while. This method will not completely solve the problem, but it will help to get rid of moisture for a short time.

Organization of the correct inflow and outflow of air

If the ventilation works effectively, the room will be dried out, there are two ways to dry the cellar after flooding or deformation of the supporting structure:

natural;
forced.

The inflow and outflow of air are enhanced by installing pipes in the upper and lower parts of the room. It is recommended to place them at opposite points. The top pipe must face the street. To prevent condensation from forming on communications, they are insulated. Forced ventilation implies the need to install a fan, while the dampness in the basement will go away faster.

Internal waterproofing

If cracks appear in the foundation, they can be the cause of capillary moisture. To eliminate such a defect, sealing of leaks is carried out. Sequence of work:

the cellar must be dried using any of the above methods;
from the wall and floor, sections of the rough coating are removed, which are crumbling;
dirt, dust are removed from the cracks;
major defects are eliminated cement mortar if the leaks are small, they are filled with woven material, after which they are covered with silicone sealant;
given that dampness in the cellar may appear from time to time, it is recommended to treat all surfaces with an antifungal compound;
from above, the structure is covered with a material for waterproofing.

As a moisture barrier, use any of the following options:

Roll waterproofing of the floor and walls: roofing material, hydroisol. From above, the coating is protected by a moisture-resistant finishing material.
Injection waterproofing. It consists of introducing special composition into concrete. The material fills the pores and prevents the penetration of water into the structure of the walls and floor.
Mastic, polymer resins. Such compositions can only be used as auxiliary insulation, since they do not provide 100% protection against leaks.

Outdoor waterproofing

It is necessary to maintain a microclimate in the cellar, in which the concentration of moisture in the air is lowered, it is possible to lower the humidity by organizing a drainage system from the supporting structures:

Remove the blind area.
It is recommended to dig a trench 50 cm wide along the perimeter of the outer walls of the basement / cellar.
The walls are dried, plastered, antifungal composition is applied.
The supporting structures are covered with mastic or concrete mortar with glass additives.
Build a blind area using roofing material.
Produce backfilling with soil.

Groundwater diversion

Constantly damp basement / cellar and accumulation of water on the floor can cause the structure to collapse. To avoid such troubles, it is recommended to divert groundwater (stormwater, drainage are being arranged). Sequencing:

Excavation is carried out along the perimeter of the foundation.
Arrange drainage.
Strengthen the foundation, then it is isolated from moisture outside and inside.
A blind area is made around the perimeter of the base.

Additionally, sand and gravel are poured onto the cellar floor. Thereby ground water will not rise to floor level.

Conclusion

To reduce the humidity in the cellar, it is recommended to find the cause of this phenomenon. If all negative factors are eliminated, it is possible to keep the supporting structures intact, because excess fluid adversely affects materials. It is recommended to use complex method moisture control. If it was possible to normalize the microclimate in the underground, in the future it is necessary to control the parameters of the air environment in this room.

Humidity in the basement causes many problems for the owner of the house: from an unfavorable microclimate to cracks in the foundation. According to SNIP, the humidity in the basement should not exceed 65-75%. Only then can we talk about a healthy atmosphere, favorable for people and safe for building materials. If on the walls of the basement appear dark spots, condensation accumulates on the floor and walls, and there is a smell of dampness in the air, it is safe to say that you are faced with high humidity in the basement.
The main reasons for the violation of humidity indicators in the basement:

Poor foundation waterproofing.

The lack of high-quality waterproofing leads to capillary seepage of ground and melt water through concrete base Houses. Detecting problems with waterproofing is simple: all basement walls are equally damp, wet spots always form in different places.

Cracks in the walls.

Sometimes the humidity in the basement rises due to a violation of the integrity of the base of the house. Cracks appear in the foundation through which water seeps into the house. In this case, dampness always accumulates in the same places. In some cases, cracks are visible to the naked eye.

Lack of effective room ventilation.

One of the most common causes causing high humidity in the basement. Due to the deep position of the plinth, the absence of slots and air ducts in it, natural ventilation does not provide full air exchange. Carbon dioxide accumulates in the basement, the air stagnates, the humidity rises, and condensation occurs due to temperature changes.

Leaking systems of engineering communications.

If sewerage, hot and cold water supply pipes are located in the basement, it is recommended to check their integrity before removing moisture in the basement. Often a leaking pipeline causes increased humidity.

The consequences of dampness in the basement

Why, when the owner of the house is faced with dampness in the basement, he starts to sound the alarm? What are the consequences of increasing humidity on the basement floors and how dangerous are they?
If the humidity value in the basement rises above that specified in the SNIP, the following occurs:

Condensation forms on the walls, floor, ceiling.
Wooden structures, finishes based on paper, chalk, clay begin to absorb excess water from the air, swell, change its structure, after some time decay processes begin, wooden poles lose their strength, turn into dust.
Gets wet thermal insulation material- the thermal efficiency of the object decreases sharply, the basement begins to freeze and ice in the cold season.
Are being created favorable conditions for mold growth and pathogen development.
If agricultural products are stored in the basement, rot and other fruit diseases develop.
Condensate accumulating on metal surfaces, causes their corrosion, through rust can completely destroy a metal structure in less than a year.
Water destroys the insulation of the wiring and causes a short circuit, breaking the rules fire safety there is always a risk of fire.
Due to constant dampness, accelerated destruction of the foundation begins, concrete crumbles, loses its strength and ability to withstand high loads, the house begins to sag, walls bend, cracks can “crawl”.

Increased humidity in the basement leads to a significant reduction in the life of the entire house, creates a microclimate that is dangerous for human health. How to deal with it?

How to remove condensation and moisture in the basement?

To cope with moisture in the basement, you should eliminate the cause of its occurrence. Find and repair cracks in the foundation (if water seeps through them), check the internal and external waterproofing, update engineering communications.

The second step is to drain the basement and install effective ventilation. This will protect against rising humidity in the basement in the future. A variety of electrical or liquid fueled equipment is used, such as IR dryers, heat guns. They quickly cope with the task, but without a good forced ventilation device, the humidity in the cellar will rise again in a day.

Therefore, it is necessary to install a supply and exhaust ventilation equipment. Usually, the fight against moisture in the basement is carried out after completion construction works when it is not possible to create a high-quality centralized ventilation system that captures all the premises in the house, including the basement. And to reduce costs and simplify installation work, it is recommended to choose a "local" solution: equipment that works only in the basement.

At the same time, they dry the air and ensure its healthy air circulation. ventilation systems. They work in a specific room, do not require complex connections. The principle of operation of the devices is as follows: the device takes in fresh outdoor air, filters and heats it, then it is fed into the basement with the help of a fan. Exhaust gases are discharged through a specially provided outlet.

With all the advantages of such ventilation, it has a drawback - it consumes a large number of electricity. And if the equipment runs on diesel, then it also forms harmful to humans and environment exhaust. An environmentally friendly and cheap alternative is the use of solar-powered appliances.

Fighting high humidity in the basement: effective and inexpensive

Air solar collectors are forced ventilation devices and work according to the principle described above. But at the same time they:

autonomous: do not require connection to the mains,
environmentally friendly: do not produce harmful emissions,
economical: in the process of work they do not consume any paid energy resources.

The appliances automatically turn on every time the sun hits the panel and begin to “blow through” the basement, simultaneously draining it. Humidity in the basement is normalized without any additional financial costs on the part of the owner of the house.

To get rid of dampness, you need to conduct a series preparatory activities. Understand why it appeared, where moisture oozes from and how you can fix it. You will learn about all this from our article.
Dampness is a very unpleasant phenomenon that can destroy the crop stored for storage. If moisture "settles" in the room, this can lead to the destruction of the structure and the deterioration of the health of everyone who regularly descends into the cellar or basement. About why dampness "comes to visit" and how to get rid of it as soon as possible - read in our material.

Dampness in the house - causes
Condensation forms on ceilings, floors and walls for a number of reasons. The most common causes of dampness are the following factors:

ventilation problems. Errors at the design or construction stage lead to the fact that ventilation is disturbed in the room. The most common mistake is poorly laid floor slabs and construction garbage block ventilation ducts. With a temperature difference inside and outside the room, condensation forms on the windows and walls, and this is the first sign that mold will appear soon;
rising groundwater levels. In spring and autumn, when basements and cellars begin to flood due to heavy rains, dampness also becomes more active. Poor drainage leads to the fact that water accumulates in underground storages, the level of humidity rises sharply, and the room turns into an eternally damp closed system;
capillary penetration of moisture from the soil or through cracks. If the foundation was erected in violation of technology, then after some time, due to temperature changes, droplets of moisture will appear on its inner walls. Over time, this can lead to partial damage to the walls and even their collapse.

Mold spores can cause many dangerous diseases including cancerous tumors
Why is dampness dangerous?
The appearance of condensate and a characteristic unpleasant odor are only the first signs of impending trouble. Condensation causes the following effects:

mold and fungus appear;
the temperature regime and the level of humidity in the room are violated;
microorganisms harmful to humans multiply;
walls, ceilings and ceilings are constantly waterlogged, because of which the finish suffers;
the destruction of the foundation, walls and ceilings begins.

Concrete surfaces and tiles are most often attacked by molds.
How to get rid of moisture
First of all, all summer residents are concerned about the question of how to remove dampness. There are several reliable ways to eliminate dampness in the cellar and basement, but first you need to find out what caused the appearance excess moisture. To do this, carefully inspect the room:

if water droplets appear on the walls and ceiling, the reason is in violation of ventilation;
puddles on the floor indicate an increase in the level of groundwater;
droplets only on the walls hint at the lack of basement waterproofing.
Now let's take a closer look at ways to eliminate each of the causes.

How to improve ventilation
If the air exchange in the room is disturbed, the easiest way is to improve it by organizing additional ventilation. Basement ventilation is of two types:

natural - involves the use of the so-called. "vents" - holes around the perimeter of the building. Their total area should be about 1/400 total area building;
forced - involves the use of special equipment that forcibly pumps Fresh air. Usually used in large rooms.

Installing forced ventilation is an expensive pleasure

To get rid of condensation on the ceiling and walls, you can carry out the following procedures:

thermal insulation engineering networks. If you have communications in the basement - plumbing and sewer pipes- the temperature of the water in them is always higher than the temperature in the room. As a result, condensation forms on them. To get rid of heat loss, you need to use a protective sheath of mineral wool, foam and extruded polystyrene foam.
Extraction organization. For additional ventilation of the room, ventilation ducts or pipes are installed. Usually they are attached to vertical load-bearing elements or attached to existing structures. Two pipes are installed in the room - exhaust and supply, placing them on different height from floor to opposite corners rooms. This is necessary in order for draft to appear and the room to be purged.
Lowering of the groundwater level
If groundwater enters the premises, this is serious problem, which over time can lead to a partial collapse of the building. In this case, a series of side events aimed at strengthening the foundation and pumping out groundwater. In particular, you will need to do the following:

dig the foundation
organize drainage around the perimeter of the building;
strengthen the foundation
arrange external and internal waterproofing;
make a blind area around the perimeter of the building;
dry the room.

Only qualified specialists can carry out the entire complex of works on the diversion of groundwater.
How to get rid of capillary moisture
If moisture forms on the walls of a building, it means that it penetrates from external environment namely, from soil. To prevent its access to the premises, you can use some of the most popular measures:

the use of waterproofing materials - primarily roofing material, linocrom and hydroisol. All of them are made from pieces of dense material impregnated with bitumen. The cellar or basement is pasted over as with outside, and from the inside;
protective compounds that clog pores in concrete are also considered an excellent “cure” for capillary moisture. Thanks to these compositions, it is possible to organize both a point effect on the holes through which moisture oozes, and application to all problem areas;
bituminous mastic and polymer resins are used to additionally protect walls and floors from condensation. These compounds can be applied independently, but they do not always provide the necessary level of protection and it is better to supplement them with waterproofing materials;
shielding is used in particular difficult cases when, simultaneously with capillary action, groundwater appears in the room. Protective shields are made of geotextile, concrete or clay.

With capillary penetration, moisture from the floor evaporates and settles on the walls
Let's take a closer look at some of these recommendations.

Basement or cellar exterior waterproofing
Inspect the structure and check the condition of the slopes, downpipes, drainage system and blind areas. If you, in principle, do not have a drainage system, then first start by installing downpipes and slopes. Next, proceed to the protection of the outer walls:

remove the old blind area;
dig a hole about 50 cm wide from outer wall basement;
dry the outer wall;
apply an antifungal composition to it;
paint the wall bituminous mastic, clay or concrete with liquid glass additives;
make a blind area from a sheet of roofing material - fix it 0.5 m above the ground level and take it out of the edges outer wall basement;
fill in the hole.

External insulation can be supplemented with a drainage system
Internal basement waterproofing
After performing outdoor work, it is also possible to insulate the basement or cellar from the inside. It is done like this:

dry the room;
remove all loose coatings and whitewash;
find and clear all cracks;
soak the walls with an antifungal drug;
apply a waterproofing compound;
if desired, plaster the walls at a height of 0.5-1 m from the floor.

Instead of applying plaster, you can treat the walls with a waterproofing compound
Floor work to eliminate dampness
If moisture penetrates the walls, hits the floor and evaporates, you should also deal with flooring. The floor and walls should be concreted using liquid glass and only. You can also follow a simple algorithm (if you have a clay floor):

remove a layer of clay about 5 cm thick;
level the floor surface and cover it with two layers of waterproofing film;
sprinkle it on top with clay or fill it with concrete and level the surface.

Use only cement-based putties, as their gypsum counterparts actively absorb moisture.
In case of seasonal flooding of the site, use a different method:

lay a layer of sand or gravel about 10 cm thick on the floor to protect against groundwater flooding. Add more gravel if necessary if groundwater seeps through the drainage layer;
apply a special waterproofing plaster to the walls;
arrange in the corners of the cellar glass jars with calcium chloride (it will absorb excess moisture). For one cellar, no more than 0.5-1 kg of powder is required;
sprinkle the floor quicklime 1 cm layer - it will absorb excess moisture and dry the room. To combat fungus and mold, you can slake lime right in the basement. Pour some lime into an empty container and fill it with water. The vapors released will destroy germs and mold.
During the release of lime vapor, it is better to leave the room. Go back there in an hour and immediately organize airing for several hours.

Folk methods of dealing with dampness
You can normalize the level of humidity in the cellar using folk remedies:

dry the walls of the cellar with clay bricks. Place in different angles basement 2-3 bricks heated on a fire. As they cool, they begin to absorb moisture. To achieve maximum effect, they can be reused;
to get rid of mold, treat the walls of the cellar with vinegar or boric acid(dilute 20 ml of acid in 1 liter of water), you can use citric acid(dissolve 100 g of powder in 1 liter of water);
take out all the products stored there from the basement or cellar and treat the damp walls with diesel fuel, and then whitewash them.

Elimination of dampness and mold is a rather laborious process. Therefore, you need to take care of the organization of drainage and waterproofing in advance, then you won’t have to deal with high humidity. What are some ways to deal with dampness?

With the onset of the cold season, almost every person who has a cellar, basement or garage at home is faced with the problem of moisture in these rooms. Dampness is a common problem in household, which must be dealt with at an early stage.

How to get rid of high humidity in the cellar and basement?

It is not worth starting the process of dampness formation in the cellar, basement and garage. In the future, this may lead to blackening. wooden structures and rust on metal structures. The crop will also be damaged. Vegetables in a damp room cannot stay for a long time. They begin the process of decay, and eating such products is dangerous to health.

Most often, dampness is formed in basements and semi-basements for household purposes due to high humidity air. This is facilitated by capillarity, in which water droplets pass through cracks in the walls and floor of the basement. When they evaporate, the humidity of the air increases significantly.

Having noticed dampness in the cellar, it is necessary to take a number of measures to eliminate it. Dealing with this problem will be easy if you use clear methods to eliminate and further prevent the appearance of dampness.

Using a hydro barrier

Durable polyethylene film, which is laid on the floor of the cellar. It is necessary to lay it on a flat prepared surface, laying a layer of clay on top. Clay must be gently trampled with your feet so as not to dislodge the film. Clay will help to dry the air, and the film, folded in two layers, will prevent subsequent penetration of moisture. This method will help to get rid of dampness in the cellar for a long time.

improve ventilation

Poor ventilation of the cellar or garage is the main cause of condensation, which leads to dampness. Improving ventilation will help reduce humidity and stop the growth of mold and mildew.

For better natural ventilation, it is necessary to insulate the exhaust pipe. This is done so that the heated air passing through it does not create condensate. Drops of water freeze, creating a cork of ice. The cork prevents the passage of air, and the pipe cannot perform its functions. Simple warming will help to avoid this situation.

Ensuring air exchange

Two pipes are installed in the basement or cellar. They should be located at different ends of the room. Cold air from the street enters one pipe. Warm air from the room exits into another pipe. Good ventilation, which this method provides, will help to get rid of dampness.

Using the brazier

One of the most common folk ways dampness control. It will help to remove it for a long time, without spending a lot of effort and money. One of the easiest to use. To begin with, it is advisable to disinfect the room, remove the boxes with vegetables. Then the brazier is lit. It warms the cellar, damp air is brought out, and the room is dried.

Use of lime

Quicklime can be sprinkled on the floor in the basement with a layer of approximately 1 cm. Lime will absorb moisture and dry out the room. Having used it once, it remains only to dispose of the lime after application.

The lime slaking process also helps to get rid of mold and mildew. Vapors of lime tend to destroy bacteria and microbes. You need to take a container, fill it with lime and pour water. No need to stir, so the process of steam release will proceed gradually. Using this method, you must protect your health and leave the room. Later - carefully ventilate the air in the cellar or basement. Should be done in multiple passes.

How to get rid of dampness in the garage?

The increased humidity of the garage is an urgent problem for many motorists. In this case, dampness harms not only the room, but also the car. In order to ensure Good work vehicle, it must be stored in a dry place, protected from moisture.

Dampness in the room where the car is stored not only causes the bumper to rust, but also contributes to the release of toxic chemical substances. Inhalation of such fumes can lead to future health problems. To get rid of these problems, a number of measures are needed:

Organization of natural ventilation

AT hardware store choose ventilation pipes and install them at both ends of the building in the same way as in the case of the cellar. It is desirable that the exhaust pipe is 1.4 meters above the surface of the garage