Samples of grounding certificates for railway transport. What information does the passport of the grounding device contain

Thanks to the high rate of development of various technologies, today electrical powerful appliances are found in almost all homes. Violation of their insulating layer can lead to unsafe situations, therefore, a ground loop is required for the entire dwelling.

For each grounding device that is in operation, it is necessary to have a passport for a protective ground loop. This is a special document containing device parameters. It consists of the following items:

grounding schemes;
technical information about it;
data on the results of checking the state of grounding;
a description of all work carried out and changes that have been made to the grounding device.

Why do I need a ground loop passport?

The technical condition of the device can be determined by external inspection of its outer part. Also, the ground loop passport includes inspection data, which consists of checking the presence of a circuit between the grounded elements and the ground electrode. The absence of unsatisfactory contacts and various breaks in the conductors that connect the installation to the grounding device is established.

The resistance of the device is also measured. In some places, the soil is opened in order to inspect all the elements of the grounding device that are in it.

It is best to entrust the preparation of a grounding project passport to professionals. Qualified employees of MOSENERGOTEST LLC will qualitatively draw up a power supply project, taking into account all the wishes of the customer, with full compliance with the requirements of regulatory necessary documents in the shortest possible time.

The lightning protection passport is a document that is transferred to the Customer (the owner of the building or structure) from the organization that installs or checks (control tests) the lightning protection and grounding system, with the data of visual inspection, checks and measurements of the system elements for compliance with their requirements of the project and regulatory documents ( basic RD 34.21.122-87, SO 153-34.21.122-2003 and others).

This organization must have a certified electrical laboratory and the necessary devices for control and verification, duly verified.

When is certification required?

It is carried out during acceptance work, comparative or control tests, as well as after a certain service life for compliance with operational characteristics.

The document has recently been required by representatives of inspecting departments, especially fire and gas supervision.

What does the document include

The lightning protection passport contains the following blocks:

Title page
Protocol No. 1 visual inspection
Protocol No. 2 for checking the transient resistance of the elements of the lightning protection system
Protocol No. 3 for checking the resistance of grounding conductors and grounding devices
Schemes with the designation of control points of measurements

Be sure to attach copies of the certificate of registration (attestation) of the electrical laboratory and verification certificates for instrumentation used for measurements.

All protocols and the title page must be signed by the responsible engineer and the head of the electrical laboratory.

How to fill out measurement protocols

Visual Inspection Protocol

Includes the following marks:

Compliance of installation with project documentation
Compliance with the requirements of regulatory documentation in the context of the lightning-receiving part, down conductors, grounding device, indicating specific points of the rules
Identified violations or remarks that do not interfere with operation, but which require attention
General conclusion on further operation or acceptance

Transition Resistance Test Protocol

Measurements are made, moving from the lightning-receiving part to the ground electrode, at the junctions of the conductor with lightning rods, with the metal elements of the building and fittings, as well as among themselves. Usually these are places for welding or installing connectors, holders, terminals and other fasteners.

It is necessary to specify:

the purpose of the tests (acceptance, comparison, control tests, operational, for certification purposes)
climatic conditions (temperature, air humidity, atmospheric pressure)

As a result, the table indicates the locations of measurements and the elements of the system for which they were made, the number of points of the same type and the resistance value itself.

Grounding Device Resistance Test Protocol

In addition to the purpose and parameters of external conditions, as in the previous paragraph, the following information must be entered during the measurement:

Type and nature of the soil
Soil resistivity
Rated voltage of the electrical installation
Neutral mode

The measurement results are entered in the table:

Place of measurement with indication of the measurement point on the diagram
Measured resistance value
Seasonality factor
Reduced final resistance value

Based on the measurement data, conclusions are drawn and a conclusion is made about the compliance of the obtained values with the requirements of the standards.

As in the previous protocol, a table with the parameters of the measuring instruments is filled in.

Norms, rules and GOSTs for lightning protection - regulatory documents

Learn more about standardization and regulation.

Lightning protection ground resistance

The resistivity of different soils is compared. How does the configuration of the ground conductor and the soil parameter affect the quality of lightning protection grounding? What are the requirements for grounding conductors.

The composition of the lightning protection system according to IEC standards (IEC)

Briefly about what is included in the complex of measures for protection against lightning and thunderstorms according to the International Electrotechnical Commission, as well as interconnected solutions in the field of external and internal lightning protection.

Requirements for elements of external lightning protection

What tests are carried out by elements of lightning protection systems, connecting components, conductors, grounding electrodes? Description of test procedures that simulate the effects of natural weathering and the effects of corrosion on components.

Cost calculation

Our facilities

Passport cover (hat).
Grounding calculation.
Certificate of examination of hidden works.
An example of a test report for the resistance of grounding conductors and grounding devices.

Calculation of ground loops

The calculation of the grounding device was developed on the basis of the terms of reference and in accordance with the technical specifications (TU) dated __.__.2015 No. 00-00000P / 00-000.
Working drawings are developed in accordance with current norms, rules and standards.
Technical solutions. Adopted in the working drawings, they comply with the requirements of the PUE, "Instructions for the installation of protective grounding of buildings, structures and industrial communications" SO 153-34.21.122-2003, RD 34.21.122-87.
Climatic conditions:

The soil is plastic loam;
Corrosive activity of soils in relation to steel is less than 50 Ohm m.

Ground conductor material:
- Vertical - steel circle Ø 20 mm., L = 2 m., qty. 8 pcs.
- Horizontal - steel strip 4x40 mm., L = 2x8 m., L total. = 16 m.
- Laying depth - 0.5 m.
Connection method - welding, manual electric arc, followed by filling the device with soil. To protect against corrosion, paint down conductors with black enamel PF-115 GOST 6465-76 for 2 times.
The spreading resistance of a single ground electrode is determined by the formula:

R = C ρ /N L, where

ρ is the resistivity of the soil;

L is the length of the extended electrode;

C - dimensionless coefficient, depending on the shape of the ground electrode and the conditions of its deepening (0.5 - 0.8 inI climate zone);

Cv - seasonal climatic coefficient, vertical earth = 8;

Cg - seasonal climatic coefficient, horizontal earth electrode = 4.5;

N is the number of electrodes.

The required number of electrodes is calculated by the formula:

N = Rv / Rz, where

Rв – spreading resistance of one ground electrode;

Rz - the required resistance of the ground electrode according to the norm.

Rated resistance at U = 380 V, no more than 4 Ohm.

Coefficient, use of a vertical ground electrode = 0.62;

Coefficient, use of a horizontal ground electrode = 0.4.

Resistance calculation:

Where:

Equivalent resistivity, Ohm 2 m = 45;

Resistance of a single vertical ground electrode, Ohm = 20.22;

Coefficient, grounding at R ud.eq. less than 100 ohms 2 m = 1;

Spreading resistance of a horizontal ground electrode, Ohm = 48.43;

Spreading resistance of an artificial earth electrode, Ohm = 4.36;

Grounding impedance:

R = (R i xr a /ra-R i)η ((4 x 20.22) / (20.22 - 4)) x 0.62 = 3.09 ohm.

Preliminary calculation of the resistance of the charger is R ≈ 3.09 Ohm, which corresponds to the PUE.

The decision on the suitability of the grounding device for operation can only be made after confirmation of:

Certificate of examination of hidden work on the installation of a grounding device.
Grounding device resistance test protocol.

9. Scheme of the grounding device.

Grounding device diagram:

A sample of drawing up an act of hidden works:

There is no general form for drawing up an act of hidden work, but there are requirements that must be specified:

Document's name
Title of works or object
Location
Date of preparation
Composition of the commission (name, position)
Name of organization or artist
Name of hidden works
Name of design organization
Drawing numbers and date of drawing up
The name of the materials used in the performance of work, indicating quality certificates
Deviations from the design and estimate documentation, by whom and when agreed
Date of commencement and completion of work
Commission decision
Signatures of commission members

After filling, one copy of the act is sent to the customer, and the second, respectively, to the contractor.

An example of a memory test report:

Right to testing of the grounding device has only: a specialized organization that includes an electrical laboratory with the right to perform tests and measurements in electrical installations.