Fire safety rules for high school students. Fire safety rules for children

1. General requirements security

1.1. During classes and in their free time, students must know and comply with the requirements fire safety established by the "Fire Safety Rules in Russian Federation”and this instruction developed on their basis.

1.2. High school students are required to know the location of primary fire extinguishing equipment and the rules for using them.

1.3. Students are required to know the plan and methods of evacuation (exit from the building) in case of a fire, approved by the head of the institution

1.4. In the event of a fire or the smell of smoke, immediately inform the teacher or employee of the institution

1.5. Students are required to notify their teacher or staff member of theany fire hazard

2.1. Bring and use flammable, explosive, combustible materials in the institution

2.2. Leave unattended electrical appliances plugged in

2.3. Make fires on the campus

2.4. Use pyrotechnics

2.5. Smoking on site

3. Actions of students in case of fire

3.1. In the event of a fire (type of open flame, burning smell, smoke), immediately inform the employee of the institution

3.2. If there is a risk of fire, it is located near the teacher. Strictly obey his orders

3.3. Don't panic. Listen carefully to the notification of the institution and act according to the instructions of employees educational institution

3.4. At the command of the teacher (teacher) of the institution, evacuate the building in accordance with a certain procedure. At the same time, do not run, do not interfere with your comrades, help kids and classmates

3.5. When leaving the building, be in the place indicated by the teacher (teacher)

3.6. Attention! Without the permission of the administration and teaching staff institutions, students are not allowed to participate in the firefighting of the building and the evacuation of its property

3.7. Students and their classmates must immediately inform employees about all injuries (wounds, cuts, bruises, burns, etc.) educational institution.

What to do during a fire

FIRE IN THE APARTMENT

Fires in the residential sector are the most numerous. In the event of a fire in an apartment:
1. If the fire started due to an electrical appliance or the wiring is on fire, turn off the power. It is better to extinguish a burning appliance not with water, but by covering it with a blanket. CAREFULLY! The TV can explode, so you should not be too close to it.

2. If the stove caught fire kitchenware, curtains or towels, put out the fire with rags, wrapping your hands in a wet towel. A small fire in the kitchen can be put out with grits, salt or washing powder.
3. Call firefighters at tel. 01. Give the address, the reason for the call, and the shortest route to your home.
4. Urgently leave the burning room. If this is not possible, seal the doors and windows in one of the rooms with a damp cloth to prevent acrid smoke from seeping through. This will also exclude the access of oxygen if there is an open fire in the room. The safest place in a burning dwelling is the balcony (if the door is tightly closed).

THE MACHINE IS ON

Motorists can become fire victims in several cases: if the fuel spilled under the car caught fire, the engine caught fire, the fire broke out in the cabin, the car broke out as a result of an accident.

In the event of a fire, you must:

1. Apply a car fire extinguisher.They extinguish a flashed puddle of gasoline, a fire under the hood, a salon. If the engine is on fire, open the hood of the car more carefully: air access can cause the fire to flare up with renewed vigor. It is better to open the hood from a distance using a stick or pry bar. Foam from the fire extinguisher must be directed to the source of fire itself.

2. If it didn't work, cover the car with a tarpaulin, bring down the flame, throw it with sand, earth, fill it with water.
3. WARNING! If you were unable to put out the fire quickly, immediately move to a safe distance, otherwise the gas tank may explode. Danger zone - 10-15 meters. Never get into a burning car and start it!
4. If someone else's car is on fire, and there is a person in its cabin(the doors are jammed or the driver is unconscious), urgently crack the car doors, break the windows - you need to immediately rescue the victim from the fire trap!
5. If there are other cars near the burning car, spray them with water before the arrival of firefighters so that the flame does not spread to them.

THE MAN IS BURNING

Or rather, of course, it is not the person himself who burns, but first his clothes. Don't let him run away! This will only make the fire worse. A person from pain falls into a state of shock and does not control his actions. We need to help him:
1. Knock him to the ground, put out the flame. You can fill the fire with water, throw snow on a burning person if it happens in winter, cover the unfortunate person with thick cloth or clothing, leaving his head open so that the person does not suffocate from the products of combustion. If there is nothing at hand, roll the burning one on the ground to bring down the fire.
2. After that, immediately free the victim from smoldering clothing! Do not smear burns, just apply a dry gauze bandage and call an ambulance.

WHAT NOT TO DO

· Open windows and doors: inflow fresh air supports combustion. You need to break the window only if you are going to jump out of it (if the floor is low).

· Extinguish electrical appliances connected to the network with water.

· Walk in a smoky room full height: Smoke always accumulates at the top of a room or building, so it's best to crouch or lie on the floor with a handkerchief covering your nose and mouth.

· In a smoky entrance, move holding on to the railing: they can lead to a dead end.

· Try to leave the burning entrance on the elevator (it can turn off at any time, and you will be trapped).

· Hiding during a fire (under the sofa, in the closet): it is impossible to hide from fire and smoke.

· Lubricate burns with oil.

· Fight the fire on your own without calling the fire department.

PANIC - A FRIEND OF FIRE

Do not panic! This is the main principle of behavior in emergency. Act clearly, quickly, calmly. Tell the firefighters your address, a short way to your house (office), name the floor where the fire occurred. Clearly tell what exactly is burning (office, apartment, basement, attic, entrance), how many people are in the building introduce yourself, give your phone number.

I N S T R U K T I A
about fire safety measures in the building and on the territory

MBOU secondary school №153

FORBIDDEN:
1. Smoking and the use of open flames.
2. Perform hot work without the permission of the supervisor or person responsible for fire condition premises.
3. Block up passages and exits.
4. Use non-factory-made electric heaters.
5. Use primary fire extinguishing equipment for household needs.

SCHOOL STAFF AND MANAGEMENT OBLIGATIONS:

1. Keep the premises clean and tidy.
2. At the end of the working day, the person responsible for the fire-prevention condition must carry out a mandatory check of the fire-prevention condition of the premises, and turn off the existing electrical consumers.
3. Comply with all requirements of the responsible person for compliance fire regime in the premises.
4. Know and follow the rules of fire safety, be able to use primary fire extinguishing equipment.
5. Use primary fire extinguishing equipment only for its intended purpose.
6. Contain in good condition emergency exits, do not clutter them with any objects and equipment.
7. Collect combustible waste and garbage in bins, which, at the end of the working day, should be taken out of the building to a specially designated place.
8. Know the location of the primary means of extinguishing a fire and be able to use them, store the keys to all rooms and emergency exits.

FIRE ACTIONS:

1. Immediately report a fire to fire department by phone "01" or 112, organize a meeting and escort of fire brigades to the place of fire.
2. Take action to call the management to the scene of the fire. If necessary, call representatives and other services of the district
3. Organize a power outage and other measures to prevent the spread of fire.
4. Start extinguishing the fire with the primary fire extinguishing equipment available at the workplace, evacuating people and material assets.

Responsible for fire safety: Mamushkina A.A.

FIRE SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
for students of MBOU secondary school No. 153

For younger students
1. You can not bring matches (lighters, crackers, firecrackers, fireworks) to school and play with them.
2. It is impossible to turn on electrical appliances without the permission of adults.
3. You can not make fires and play near them.
4. If you see a fire, you must report it to teachers, parents or other adults.

For older students
1. It is forbidden to bring to school and use any incendiary and smoking accessories (matches, lighters, cigarettes, etc.)
2. Do not heat unfamiliar appliances, packages for powders and paints. Especially aerosol packages (metal cans).
3. Do not leave electric heaters unattended. Do not let children turn on electrical appliances on their own. When leaving home, unplug electrical appliances.
4. Remember that not only a barrel / canister of gasoline is dangerous, but also an empty barrel / canister from under it or another flammable liquid; A lit match can cause an explosion, severe burns and injury.
5. Do not light a stove or fire with flammable liquids.
6. Do not leave fires unextinguished.
7. Do not set fire yourself and do not let the juniors set fire Poplar fluff and dry grass. It is very dangerous!
8. If a fire is discovered, notify an adult and call the fire department.
The instruction was drawn up by _______________________________________

INSTRUCTIONS
About fire safety measures in
MBOU secondary school №153

1. General safety requirements.

This instruction was drawn up in accordance with the requirements of the Fire Safety Rules in the Russian Federation PPB 01-03 and is mandatory for all school employees. All school employees are allowed to work only after passing the fire safety briefing, and if the specifics of work change, they must undergo additional training in accordance with the procedure established by the head. Fire safety briefing is carried out within the terms of the safety briefing with registration in the occupational safety briefing log.
Persons guilty of violating the Fire Safety Instructions bear criminal, administrative, disciplinary or other liability in accordance with applicable law.
2. Organizational events for fire safety.
2.1 Responsibility for the fire-prevention condition of the cabinets rests with the materially responsible persons of the cabinets. Responsibility for the fire-prevention condition of corridors, premises and places common use assigned to the Deputy Director for Economic Affairs. Responsibility for fire safety at night is assigned to the watchman.

2.2 The school grounds must be kept clean at all times. Waste combustible materials, fallen leaves and dry grass should be regularly removed and removed from the territory or burned in a specially designated place.
2.3 The premises of the building must be kept clean. Blocking of moves, evacuation routes is not allowed. Evacuation exits can only be locked from the inside and the keys to the entrance doors must be kept in daytime at the duty technician, and at night at the watchman.
2.4 Fire extinguishers should be placed in easily accessible places where their damage, direct sunlight, direct exposure to heating and heating devices is excluded.
2.5 At the end of classes, school employees should carefully inspect the premises assigned to them and close them by de-energizing the power grid.
2.6 Faulty electrical networks and electrical equipment should be immediately disconnected until they are brought into a fireproof condition.

2.7. Electrical installations and Appliances in rooms in which there is no staff at the end of working hours, must be de-energized, with the exception of emergency lighting, fire alarm. Other electrical installations and electrical products, refrigerators, etc. may remain energized if this is due to their functional purpose and provided for in the operating instructions.
3. Prohibited.

3.1 Make fires, burn garbage in places not specifically designated for this.
3.2 Smoking in school premises.

3.3 Organize archives, warehouses, etc. in attic spaces.

3.4. Live in the school building service personnel and other persons.

3.5. Store flammable, combustible liquids and other materials in the school building.

3.6. Use combustible materials for walls and ceilings.
3.7. Nailing escape doors

3.8. Leave unattended appliances connected to the mains.

3.9. Use homemade and uncalibrated fuses as electrical protection.

3.10. Carry out fire, electric welding and other types of fire hazardous work in the school building in the presence of people in the premises.
3.11. Use damaged sockets, knife switches, other electrical installation products.

3.12. Use electric irons, electric stoves, electric kettles and other electric heaters that do not have thermal protection devices, without stands made of non-combustible materials that exclude the risk of fires.

3.13. Wrap electric lamps and lamps with paper, cloth and other combustible materials, as well as operate lamps with caps and diffusers removed, provided for by the design of the lamp.

4. Actions in the event of a fire.

4.1. Report to fire department by phone "01", "112", via the MEGAFON network "010", and via the BEELINE network "001" to the fire department.
4.2. Notify people of the fire immediately.

4.3. Open all emergency exits and evacuate people.
4.4. At the time of evacuation and extinguishing the fire, it is necessary to refrain from opening windows and doors unnecessarily, as well as breaking window panes in order to prevent the spread of fire and smoke into adjacent rooms. When leaving the premises, close all doors and windows behind you.
4.5. Remove the most valuable property and documents from the building.
4.6. Forces DPD start extinguishing the fire and its localization with the help of primary fire extinguishing equipment.

4.7. The head of the school or the person replacing him is obliged:

- duplicate the message about the occurrence of a fire to the fire department and notify the higher management;

- in case of a threat to people's lives, immediately organize their rescue;

– if necessary, turn off the electricity and gas supply in the building;

- stop all work at the school, with the exception of work related to extinguishing a fire;

- remove from the fire zone all employees and students who are not involved in extinguishing the fire;

- to carry out general management of fire extinguishing until the arrival of the fire brigade;

- ensure compliance with the safety requirements of workers involved in fire extinguishing; organize the evacuation of people and property;

- organize a meeting of fire departments.

TOOLKIT
"SCHOOLCHILDREN about FIRE SAFETY"

FIRE

Thousands of years ago, people learned how to make fire. He was and remains one of the first helpers of man. Without fire, life on earth is impossible. It is needed everywhere: in homes and schools, in factories and factories. Campfire fire, furnace fire, fire gas burner people still use it today.

But if you give free rein to the fire, do not follow the rules of fire safety, then good turns into evil.

In Russia, more than 300 thousand fires occur annually, in which more than 10 thousand people die. Over 80% of fires start in residential buildings, country garden houses. At the same time, about every sixth fire in residential buildings occurs through the fault of the children.

CAUSES OF FIRE

It is difficult to list all the causes of fires, but the main ones need to be known in more detail.

Careless handling of fire. A thrown, unextinguished cigarette butt or a burning match can destroy an entire house. It is very dangerous to light matches in residential premises, on balconies, in attics and in closets: the slightest negligence leads to a fire. AT village houses and on summer cottages often use stoves that heat wood. At the same time, one must be very careful: negligence is costly for the owners.
Violation of safety rules when using electrical household and electric heating appliances. Often people turn on a TV, electric stove, table lamp, and sometimes, also an iron. A fire in this case is inevitable due to an overload of the electrical network.

Another case: a student went to school or to the gym for training and forgot to turn off the iron or heater, electric kettle. What will happen is not difficult to guess, because electrical appliances left unattended for a long time become very hot and ignite.

Violation of the rules for the storage and use of flammable and flammable liquids. They can be found now in every home. These are varnishes, paints, gasoline, kerosene, acetone, household aerosols. You need to know that they ignite easily and quickly. Pouring onto the floor, flammable liquids spread over a large surface, and the speed of fire spread over the surface is very high. In addition, not all flammable combustible liquids can be extinguished with water, since many of them are lighter than water, which is why it cannot stop their combustion.

Gas leak. A gas stove burner that is not turned off due to the forgetfulness of the owners is a great danger. Soup or compote left unattended on the stove can splash out of the pan when boiling and extinguish the flame of the burner. The gas will begin to fill the room and then can ignite even when the electric light is turned on from the sparks of the switch. In this case, an explosion often occurs.

Carelessness, negligence and simply indiscipline when handling fire. This is especially often manifested in the most joyful and beloved holiday of all - New Year. When decorating a Christmas tree with home-made toys made of cotton wool, gauze, paper and attaching Bengal lights and home-made electric garlands to coniferous branches, few people think about the possible consequences.

Careless handling of pyrotechnic products. Recently in great demand crackers, firecrackers, sparklers, fireworks are used. They not only burn, but also scatter sparks in different directions. When sparks strike flammable objects, a fire starts. Children are also very fond of blowing things up, especially when adults are not at home. The consequences of explosions are terrible: the apartment is on fire, the child is crippled.

What to do if a fire starts in the apartment:

Do not be afraid to call adults for help, even if you yourself are the culprit of the fire;
immediately leave the premises, checking whether those who cannot get out on their own (small children, the sick, the elderly) have not remained in the apartment;
if there are no adults, call the fire brigade by phone "01", give the exact address, what and where is on fire, your last name and phone number.
What not to do in case of fire in the apartment:

Do not start extinguishing the fire until the fire brigade is called (during this time a large fire may flare up);

Do not try to exit through a smoky stairwell (hot air burns the lungs and the smoke is highly toxic);

Do not use the elevator;

Do not climb down drainpipes and risers, or with sheets and ropes, unless absolutely necessary (falling without special skills is almost always inevitable);

Do not open windows and doors (this will increase the flow of oxygen);
do not jump out of windows (statistics show that every second jump from the 4th floor and above is fatal);

Do not extinguish electrical appliances connected to the network with water (a short circuit may occur).

Can we put out the fire ourselves?

Yes, sometimes you can. For example, a curtain that catches fire can simply be torn off and thrown to the floor, thrown over dense fabric, trample underfoot, and then pour water. Fire cannot burn without access to air - this is the basis of most fire extinguishing methods. But do not overestimate your strength: you cannot fight fire for a long time, as you can breathe in smoke and lose consciousness.

The basic rule for extinguishing a fire is as follows: cover the burning object with a thick cloth or blanket and leave the room immediately, closing the door tightly behind you.

How to get out of a smoky room:

Protect eyes and respiratory organs;

Cover yourself with a dense damp cloth and move crouching or crawling;
if possible, take a flashlight with you, as it is hard to see in a smoky room;

Do not enter where there is a large concentration of smoke;

If, due to thick smoke and high temperature, you cannot go outside, you should immediately return back, tightly closing the door behind you;

In multi-story buildings, go towards the smoke-free stairs; hold on to walls, handrails, breathe through a damp handkerchief, be careful - do not miss the exit;

It is strictly forbidden to use the elevator during a fire.
If a fiery shaft approaches you, not a bag, I fall, covering my head with a damp cloth. At this moment, do not breathe, so as not to get a burn of the internal organs.

What to do if you can not leave the apartment in case of a fire in the house:
call the fire brigade, give your address and say that the entrance from the stairs is closed;
close the door to the apartment, plug all the cracks and ventilation holes rags;
create a supply of water in the bathroom;

Close yourself in the room farthest from the entrance, preferably in the one with a balcony;
prepare to signal rescuers with a piece of bright cloth from the balcony or a flashlight from the room (if the smoke is outside);

If there is a strong concentration of smoke or a sharp increase in the temperature in the room, go out onto the balcony, tightly closing the door behind you. Take a wet blanket or other thick cloth with you to protect yourself from fire if it enters through a window or door;
if you do not have a balcony, there is one last risky chance: stand on the windowsill (ledge, cornice), hold on to the wall and wait for the rescuers.
If you started to fight for your life, fight to the end, don't jump down

Municipal government institution additional education

"Station for children's and youth tourism and excursions"

Minyar city, Ashinsky municipal district

trade union chairman

O. V. Laktionova

________________

"_____" _____________ 2016

APPROVED:

Director of MKUDO SDUTiE

E. M. Bokoch

Order No. _________

dated "_____" ________ 2016

INSTRUCTION №17

for students for safety

for fire safety

1. GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

During classes and in their free time, students must know and comply with the fire safety requirements established by the "Fire Safety Rules in the Russian Federation" and this instruction developed on their basis.

High school students are required to know the location of primary fire extinguishing equipment and the rules for using them.

Students are required to know the plan and methods of evacuation (exit from the building) in case of a fire, approved by the director.

If a fire breaks out or smells of smoke, report it immediately. additional education teacher or an employee of the institution.

Students are required to report any fire hazard to an employee of the institution.

Forbidden

Bring and use flammable, explosive, combustible materials in the institution

Leave unattended electrical appliances plugged in

Make fires on the campus

Use pyrotechnics

Smoking on site

Actionsstudents in case of fire

In the event of a fire (type of open flame, burning smell, smoke), immediately inform the employee of the institution.

In the event of a fire danger, it is located near the teacher. Strictly obey his orders.

Don't panic. Listen carefully to the notification of the institution and act in accordance with the instructions of the employees of the educational institution.

At the command of the teacher of the institution, evacuate the building in accordance with a certain procedure. At the same time, do not run, do not interfere with your comrades, help the kids.

When leaving the building, be in the place indicated by the teacher.

Attention! Without the permission of the administration and teaching staff of the institution, students are not allowed to participate in the firefighting of the building and the evacuation of its property.

Students must immediately report all injuries (wounds, cuts, bruises, burns, etc.) to the employees of the educational institution.

For children of primary school age.

1.1. Matches must not be touched or played with.

1.2. It is dangerous to play with toys and dry clothes near open coil heaters.

1.3. It is unacceptable to turn on electrical appliances and a gas stove without the permission of adults.

1.4. Campfires are not to be built or played near them.

1.5. If you see a fire, you must inform your parents or adults about it.

2. For teenagers and children of senior school age.

2.1. Make sure that small children do not play with matches, put them in places inaccessible to kids.

2.2. Do not heat unfamiliar objects, powder and paint packages, especially aerosol packages.

2.3. Do not leave electric heaters unattended. Do not allow children to turn on the TV on their own. When leaving home, turn off electrical appliances from the mains.

2.4. Remember that not only a barrel of gasoline is dangerous, but also an empty barrel from under it or other flammable liquid, and a lit match can lead to severe burns and injuries.

2.5. Do not light a stove or a fire with flammable liquids (gasoline, diesel fuel).

2.6. Do not leave unextinguished fires.

2.7. Do not set fire yourself, and do not allow juniors to set fire to poplar fluff or dry grass.

2.8. Students are required to know the plan and methods of evacuation (exit from the building) in case of a fire, the location of primary fire extinguishing equipment and the rules for using them.

2.9. Children are required to inform the teacher or an employee of the institution about any fire hazard situations.

2.10. In the event of a fire or smell of smoke, inform the teacher immediately.

3. On the territory of an educational institution

3.1. On the territory of an institution or structural unit, it is prohibited to make fires, light torches, use fireworks and firecrackers, or other combustible compositions.

3.3. It is forbidden to bring matches, flammable liquids (gasoline and thinners), flammable substances and materials.

3.4. It is forbidden to use lighting and heating devices with an open flame and a spiral in the classrooms.

3.6. In cases fire hazard the institution is evacuated by a warning signal.

3.7. Do not extinguish fired electrical appliances with water.

3.8. Without the permission of the administration and teaching staff of the institution, children are not allowed to participate in the firefighting of the building and the evacuation of its property.

What to do during a fire?

Fire in the apartment

Fires in the residential sector are the most numerous. In the event of a fire in an apartment:

If a fire is started by an electrical appliance or the wiring is on fire, turn off the power. It is better to extinguish a burning appliance not with water, but by covering it with a blanket. CAREFULLY! The TV can explode, so you should not be too close to it.

If kitchen utensils, curtains or towels catch fire from the stove, put out the fire with rags, wrapping your hands in a wet towel. A small fire in the kitchen can be put out with grits, salt or washing powder.

Call the fire department at tel. 01. Give the address, the reason for the call, and the shortest route to your home.

Leave the burning room immediately. If this is not possible, seal the doors and windows in one of the rooms with a damp cloth to prevent acrid smoke from seeping through. This will also exclude the access of oxygen if there is an open fire in the room. The safest place in a burning dwelling is the balcony (if the door is tightly closed).

car on fire

In the event of a fire, you must:

Use a car fire extinguisher. They extinguish a flashed puddle of gasoline, a fire under the hood, a salon. If the engine is on fire, open the hood of the car more carefully: air access can cause the fire to flare up with renewed vigor. It is better to open the hood from a distance using a stick or pry bar. Foam from the fire extinguisher must be directed to the source of fire itself.

If this does not help, cover the car with a tarpaulin, bring down the flame, throw it with sand, earth, fill it with water.

CAREFULLY! If you were unable to put out the fire quickly, immediately move to a safe distance, otherwise the gas tank may explode. Danger zone - 10-15 meters. Never get into a burning car and start it!

If someone else's car is on fire, and there is a person in its cabin (the doors are jammed or the driver is unconscious), immediately break the car doors, break the windows - you need to immediately rescue the victim from the fire trap!

If there are other vehicles near the burning car, pour water on them before firefighters arrive to prevent the flames from spreading to them.

Burning man

Throw him to the ground, put out the flames. You can fill the fire with water, throw snow on a burning person if it happens in winter, cover the unfortunate person with thick cloth or clothing, leaving his head open so that the person does not suffocate from the products of combustion. If there is nothing at hand, roll the burning one on the ground to bring down the fire.

After that, immediately free the victim from smoldering clothing! Do not smear burns, just apply a dry gauze bandage and call an ambulance.

What can't be done?

Open windows and doors: the influx of fresh air supports combustion. You need to break the window only if you are going to jump out of it (if the floor is low).

Extinguish electrical appliances connected to the network with water.

Walking in a smoky room in full growth: smoke always accumulates in the upper part of the room or building, so it is better to bend down or lie on the floor, covering your nose and mouth with a handkerchief.

In a smoky entrance, move holding on to the railing: they can lead to a dead end.

Try to leave the burning entrance on the elevator (it can turn off at any time, and you will be trapped).

Hiding during a fire (under the sofa, in the closet): it is impossible to hide from fire and smoke.

Lubricate burns with oil.

Fight the fire on your own without calling the fire department.

PANIC - A FRIEND OF FIRE

Do not panic! This is the main principle of behavior in an emergency.

Act clearly, quickly, calmly.

Tell the firefighters your address, a short way to your house (office), name the floor where the fire occurred, clearly tell what exactly is burning (office, apartment, basement, attic, entrance), how many people are in the building, introduce yourself, give your phone number .

2. FINAL PROVISIONS

This manual is reviewed and revised at least once every 5 years.

The instruction must be revised ahead of schedule in the following cases:

when revising intersectoral and sectoral rules and standard instructions for labor protection;

when changing the conditions for excursions, trips, expeditions;

when introducing new equipment and (or) technologies;

according to the results of the analysis of the materials of the investigation of accidents, accidents;

at the request of representatives of the labor authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation or the federal labor inspectorate.

If within 5 years from the date of approval (commissioning) of this instruction, the conditions for conducting excursions, hikes, expeditions do not change, then its validity is extended for the next 5 years.

The instruction was drawn up by the responsible for labor protection, deputy director for water resources management

For schoolchildren and preschool children.

An important aspect in teaching school-age children the rules of fire safety is the direct participation of parents in this process. Parents need not only to remind their children about fire safety measures, but also to strictly follow these rules themselves, for safety and fire prevention purposes.
You should not leave matches, lighters in visible places, monitor the serviceability of electrical appliances, the degree of deterioration of the insulation of electrical cords, hide containers with chemicals and combustible substances from children, etc.
Parents need to talk to their children as often as possible about how they should behave in an emergency.
Basic rules of conduct in case of fire

These rules are very important for children to remember.
If there is a fire in the apartment and there are no adults nearby, what to do:

Do not panic, try to be collected and attentive. Call the fire department by phone 01. Give your name, exact address, floor, say what and where is burning. If possible, report the fire to neighbors. You can try to put out a small fire with improvised means if there is no fire extinguisher in the house: in addition to water, which needs to be collected into something, a wet cloth (sheets, towel), a thick blanket will do, sand, earth will also work if they are in the house. Do not try to put out a strong fire yourself, try to leave the room as soon as possible. You can’t hide under the bed, in closets, in the bathroom, you need to try to leave the apartment. Smoke is no less dangerous than fire. If there is smoke in the room, you need to cover your nose and mouth with a damp handkerchief or scarf, lie down on the floor and crawl to the exit - there is less smoke below. If a fire occurs in a household electrical appliance, you should try to pull the plug out of the socket or turn off the power through the electrical panel. If the TV caught fire, it must be de-energized, covered with a thick cloth, if it continues to burn, you can try to pour water through the hole in the back wall, only at the same time, for safety reasons, you need to stand on the side, as the screen may explode. If one of the rooms is engulfed in fire, you need to tightly close the door of the burning room and try to seal the door with rags soaked in water where there are gaps so that smoke does not pass. If the neighboring apartment is on fire, and there is a fire in the vestibule and on the landing, and there is no way to go up the stairs to the street, it is necessary to compact front door into the apartment and pour water on it until the arrival of the fire brigade. If you have to make your way through a room engulfed in fire, you need to douse yourself with water, wet a blanket or blanket, cover yourself with it, take air into your lungs, try to hold your breath and overcome the dangerous place as quickly as possible. If there is no way to get out of a burning apartment, you need to go to the balcony, tightly closing the door behind you. It is better not to descend from the balcony with the help of sheets or ropes - this is very dangerous. During a fire at the entrance, the elevator may turn off, so you can not use it in any case.

If a person's clothes are on fire.

If your clothes are on fire, in no case try to run, the fire will flare up even more. You need to throw off burning clothes as soon as possible, try to bring down the flame - fall to the ground and ride, if there is a puddle or snowdrift nearby - fall into them. If you are indoors, you can throw some kind of dense fabric over yourself (a blanket, a bedspread, a coat), just leave your head open so as not to suffocate with smoke. Until the doctors arrive, do not take off your own clothes from the burnt areas of the body!

First aid for burns.

Apply a damp and cold cloth to the burn site, it is good if there is a sterile bandage, napkins (usually drivers have them in first aid kits), you can moisten the affected area cold water. Do not tear off clothing from the affected areas, do not lubricate the burn with oils and ointments, wait for the ambulance to arrive.

Fire safety rules in the forest.

Campfires should not be lit in hot, dry, windy weather. Fires should be lit in designated areas. It is good if there is water and branches near the place of making a fire to overwhelm the fire in case the flame spreads. It is not advisable to make fires near trees - this is unsafe and can lead to the death of trees. If a fire starts in the forest, the main thing is not to let the fire spread. If you cannot extinguish the fire on your own, you must immediately report the fire to the fire department at the number "01". When extinguishing fires on your own, you can use, in addition to water, the method of “flooding the fire along the edge of the fire”, green branches are suitable for this, you can cover the edge of the fire with soil to block air access and cool burning materials.

In the course of teaching children the rules of fire safety by parents and teachers, it is necessary to form in the child an understanding of the potential danger posed by fire. It is very important that children realize the need to comply with fire safety rules wherever they are: in a house, apartment, on the street, in the forest and in any other premises and places.
Children are the most vulnerable to fires, as they generally do not have the necessary knowledge and skills in fire safety. And therefore, both at school and at home, they must learn the rules of fire safety.

Every year, a huge number of people die in fires, many of them children. Fire is an integral part of human life, because with its help you can cook food, and warm up, and illuminate the room, and so on. But there are times when the fire just gets out of control and starts a fire. A fire is an uncontrolled burning that burns everything in its path and causes enormous material damage, danger to life and health of people, and also harms the state and society.

In order to prevent the occurrence of a fire, it is necessary first of all to remember what causes them to appear. These reasons include: careless use of fire (this is making fires and improper handling of them, the use of flammable substances to light fires, and so on), violation of the rules for using electrical appliances (this is when a lot of electrical appliances, especially powerful ones, are switched on in one outlet, the use of faulty electrical appliances, forgotten turned on irons, and so on), violation of safety regulations when using stoves (use of gasoline, in order to light the stove, improper chimney arrangement, and so on), children playing with fire (playing with matches, improper use of firecrackers, firecrackers etc) .

And that's not all that can cause a fire. A fire can also occur due to a gas stove that is faulty, and due to an unextinguished cigarette butt, and due to deliberate arson, and much more. There are many such reasons. After all, according to statistics, ninety percent of all fires occur precisely through the fault of man. Therefore, it is very important to know the rules for preventing fires in order not to get confused in an emergency, but to be able to take the necessary measures that will help to significantly reduce losses or avert trouble ....

First of all, it is important to know what not to do so as not to cause a fire. It is strictly forbidden: to use damaged sockets; use wires with broken insulation; use homemade electrical appliances; use faulty electrical and gas appliances; misuse devices and violate their instructions; plug into one outlet a large number of electrical appliances, especially if they have high power; wrap or cover heaters, electric lamps or lamps; leave unattended televisions, irons and electric stoves; use flammable items near an open flame, or spray them; heat combustible and explosive materials on electric or gas stoves; light firecrackers, sparklers, fireworks next to the Christmas tree; leave ovens unattended or leave children to watch them; clutter up emergency exits (attics, landings, hatches, and so on) with furniture or other things.

The methods of fire prevention are different between an apartment, which mainly uses electrical appliances, and a wooden house, which does not have electricity and water, but uses a stove, candles, a kerosene lamp, and so on. But, general fire safety measures are: the ability to prevent the proximity of hot objects, flammable objects, liquids, and so on; prevent the incorrect use of fire hazardous devices; prevent uncontrolled combustion, which can turn into a fire.

If, nevertheless, a fire has started, or there is smoke or a smell of burning, then it is urgent to call the fire service at the number "01". In this case, it is necessary to clearly and distinctly explain the address where the fire broke out, the number of floors, the number of people in the house or apartment, if there were any at that time, and possible entrances to the house. If possible, it is better to meet a fire engine, this will help to reduce the time, which is very expensive during a fire.
If possible, people should be evacuated. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that if there are children in the house, then during a fire they quite often hide in closets, under beds, tables, in toilets and bathrooms, and often do not respond to the call.

In those cases, if the fire cannot be extinguished on its own, then it is better to wait for firefighters who have special equipment and experience in fighting a fire. Yes, and you can be in the building where the fire occurred only in special clothes, having the necessary equipment with you. Therefore, it is enough for a student to simply report a fire, warn all adults and leave the building, closing the door tightly behind him so that air does not enter the burning room. This is done so that without air intake, the fire decreases or goes out completely ....
If there is no way to get out of a burning house, then it is necessary to apply measures to protect against smoke, fire and other factors. There are a lot of such measures and every day there are more and more of them.

Dangerous for life and health of people are such factors as open fire, sparks, toxic products of combustion, elevated temperature of objects and environment falling building construction in the building, explosions and so on. During a fire, there is a danger of electric shock. Also, a strong hypothermia of the parts of a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher carries a great danger. It is also dangerous that when trying to get out of a building on fire, people often jump out of windows and balconies, while injuring themselves or breaking to death. Also, when trying to get out of a burning building, people are seized by a panic in which they lose control of themselves, and in the confusion they begin to knock each other down, trying to get out first ....
by the most dangerous factor the appearance of a fire is an open fire. In order to eliminate it or prevent it from spreading, you can use various means, which are divided into improvised and standard. Helpers are water, sand, a blanket, and so on. The service items include a fire extinguisher, an ax, a hook, and so on. The most common are fire extinguishers.

In order to use a fire extinguisher, you must carefully study the instructions, and it is better to do this in advance, before you have to use it.

by the most accessible means fire extinguishing is water. It can extinguish only ordinary objects (wood, fabric, paper, and so on). It is strictly forbidden to extinguish with water electrical appliances that are energized, flammable liquid (acetone, gasoline, and so on), as well as substances that, when reacting with water, release flammable and toxic gases (soda, calcium carbide, potassium, and others). Sand can put out small fires, but not flammable liquids. When extinguishing a small fire, you can use any means: wet rags, green branches, coats, and so on ....
School fires are quite common. Fire safety in the school must be ensured by both the director and teachers, including the life safety teacher. In order to ensure fire safety for schoolchildren at school, a person responsible for it must be appointed, as well as an order to establish a fire regime and a list of fire safety documents.

Also, employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations should come to schools and conduct lessons for schoolchildren. However, fire safety lessons are held differently for each category of children. So junior grades one through four learn simple security measures. They teach what fire is, what benefits and harm it brings, the consequences of playing with lighters, matches and candles; study the causes of a fire, the rules of behavior in case of fire, fire extinguishing means and learn about the work of firefighters ....

What causes fires

Before we talk about what fire safety rules children should be taught in school, let's talk about the most common causes occurrence of fires. As you understand, they arise not only because children play with matches. There are many causes of fires, but the main ones include:

Violation of the rules for the operation of electrical appliances.

Use of electrical appliances and sockets even with minor damage.

Use of several powerful electrical appliances at the same time.

· Careless handling of fire (making fires, using combustible substances to kindle them, etc.).

· Forgotten turned on electrical appliances.

· Careless handling of flammable toys (firecrackers, firecrackers, etc.).

Basic rules of conduct in case of fire

When a fire breaks out, not only children, but also adults are often thrown into a panic. But if the latter, at least in in general terms know what to do in case of fire, then schoolchildren can be frightened in earnest and confused. To avoid this, the child must be taught how to behave at the slightest sign of a fire in order to save himself and younger children.

First of all, the child must immediately call the fire department "01" or the rescue service "112" and give accurate information on the location of the building by phone.

You can not stay in a burning room and hide in cabinets or other pieces of furniture. If a fire breaks out in an apartment, you must immediately leave it, closing the door behind you. If there are children in the room, they must be taken out. If the path to the exit lies through a burning room, then it is necessary to close the door into it and call for help through the window.

If a fire broke out in the entrance, you need to stay in the apartment and do not open the door until the fire is extinguished. When smoke enters the apartment, it is necessary to open the windows.

These simple rules, which will help a person not to get lost in a fire and escape from fire, all schoolchildren should know, starting with lower grades. Theoretical and workshops on fire safety in schools should be carried out as often as possible, but parents of schoolchildren should play an equally important role in teaching children how to deal with fire.

Junior and middle school

When a child enters school, knowledge about fire safety is fixed in the lessons of life safety, themed holidays and competitions. Fire related materials can also be used in lesson planning. For example, in a math lesson, you can include a task about fire trucks, and while drawing, invite the children to depict the consequences of a prank with fire.

Students primary school most of the time is spent in an educational institution, staying for an extended day. Therefore, they need to remember and follow the fire safety rules at school:

Do not use matches, lighters or pyrotechnics at school.

· Do not leave electrical appliances in operation unattended.

Do not light fires on school grounds.

· No smoking on school grounds.

Know how to use the evacuation plan. Know where the fire escape routes are.

· Inform an adult immediately of the smell of smoke or fire hazards.

http://protivpozhara.ru/bezopasnost/povedenie/v-shkole"> correct actions in case of fire at school:

· Notify a teacher or other school staff of open flames or smoke.

Stay close to the teacher, following his instructions.

Don't panic by listening carefully to adults.

Leave the school building with the teacher. Don't run, don't interfere with your comrades, help the kids.

After the evacuation, stay where the teacher indicated.

· Do not participate in fire extinguishing without the permission of adults.

Report burns and other injuries to the teacher.

high school students

Older students are already aware of the importance of observing fire safety rules, but it is equally important for them to repeat and consolidate already familiar material. In working with them, it must be emphasized that with greater independence in their lives, the area of \u200b\u200bresponsibility expands - for safety, health, material property. Spending at home alone most of the time, students should remember the fire safety rules:

When leaving the apartment, turn off electrical appliances. Check if the gas stove burners are closed.

· Do not dry items over the stove, they may catch fire.

Do not play with matches, lighters, fireworks, candles, sparklers and aerosol cans.

· If the apartment smells of gas, do not turn on the light and do not light matches, but immediately call the gas service with mobile phone by number 104. You cannot use your home phone. Ventilate the room.

· gas pipes not a horizontal bar, do not hang on them.

Do not touch electrical appliances wet hands and don't use them in the bathroom.

· Do not cover lamps with paper and cloth.

· Do not use electrical appliances and sockets that generate sparks.

Escorting the guys to summer rest, educators should pay attention to fire safety in the forest, as teenagers attend health camps, go on hikes and go on vacation in the countryside.

Do not make a fire without adults. In dry and hot weather, a spark is enough to set the forest on fire.

Do not burn dry grass.

· If a forest fire starts, determine where the wind carries the fire. Leave the forest in the direction from which the wind blows. Tell an adult about the fire.

Do not smoke in the forest.

· Do not leave bottles or pieces of glass in the grass, as they may act as lenses and cause a fire.

A fire is easier to prevent than to put out. This familiar phrase does not lose its relevance, especially in relation to fire safety in children's institutions. It is at preschool and school age that the basic skills are laid safe behavior develops respect for life and nature.

Kindergarten

The curiosity of children, their craving for playing with fire and matches often lead to a fire. Adults should persistently explain to the child the basic fire safety rules that are relevant for preschoolers. Even a two-year-old baby is able to understand that you can not touch the outlet and wires.

The best form of consolidating knowledge about fire safety rules is a game. Kindergarten teacher conducts didactic games that introduce children to flammable objects. Excursions to the fire department will help to reveal the significance of his work, where children will be especially impressed by getting to know the fire engine.

No less informative can be a tour of kindergarten, where the teacher will draw the attention of children to signs and evacuation routes, fire extinguishers, fire alarm devices.

In order to explain what harm matches can do if they fall into inept hands, you can read and discuss poems, fairy tales with children, role-play and illustrate them. With the help of problem solving activities, you can check how children have learned the rules of behavior in a fire:

if you saw something in the apartment on fire, call the firefighters at number 101, give your address;
a small flame can be extinguished with a blanket or water (if there are no electrical wires connected to the outlet nearby), covered with earth;
you need to escape from a big fire by running away from home. It is important to pick up all the children from the apartment, not forgetting the babies. You can not hide and use the elevator;
if you can’t get out of the apartment, don’t panic, don’t jump out of the window, firefighters are already on their way and will help you soon;
if there is smoke in the apartment, breathe through a damp cloth;
if your clothes are on fire, you can’t run, as it will flare up even more. Dive into the water or roll on the ground to put out the fire.

do not use matches, lighters and pyrotechnics at school;
do not leave working electrical appliances unattended;
do not light fires on school grounds;
it is forbidden to smoke on school grounds;
know how to use the evacuation plan. Know where the fire escape routes are;
Notify an adult immediately if you smell smoke or other fire hazards.

Extracurricular work on fire safety, full of competitions, performances, relay races and holidays, is especially interesting for schoolchildren. So, preparatory stage a fire prevention competition can be held based on drawings and crafts in each elementary school class.

It is appropriate to include the dramatization of works about the fire by famous authors, as well as the performance of songs, into a school-wide event organized in the form of amateur performances.

Children will be interested in quizzes, KVN, games like "Field of Miracles", sports competitions. The process of preparing for these events allows you to captivate the children with fire-fighting topics and develop strong skills of safe behavior.

If trouble does occur, it is important to remember:

notify a teacher or other school employee of an open flame or smoke;
stay near the teacher, following his instructions;
do not panic by listening carefully to adults;
leave the school building with the teacher. Don't run, don't interfere with your comrades, help the kids;
after evacuation, stay where the teacher indicated;
without the permission of adults it is impossible to participate in extinguishing a fire;
report burns and other injuries to the teacher.

During fire drills with younger students practical evacuation skills are being worked out: moving in a group, moving in a goose step under smoke, familiarizing yourself with the operation of a fire extinguisher.

high school students

The former directions of work acquire a more serious sound, taking into account the individuality and initiative of adolescents. Middle school students are happy to make fire safety posters and models using various techniques - collage, mosaic, sawing, burning. By participating in amateur performances, children take an active part in the formation of the repertoire.

It carries not only cognitive, but also educational load. Opportunity to visit the unit, to see safety equipment, the job of a firefighter with a barrel, sit in fire engine attracts and delights children.

In the lessons of life safety, students are encouraged to wear full set firefighter combat clothing, learn how to use a fire hydrant and hose. Practicing evacuation skills, middle and senior schoolchildren are preparing to work on fire prevention with younger comrades. Work with high school students is most saturated with fire-tactical training and the introduction of career guidance. Having tried on the role of firefighters, the guys are imbued with respect for their heroic work.

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Fire safety rules for high school students. Fire safety rules for children

Junior and middle school

high school students

Kindergarten

high school students

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