Chrysanthemum is a beautiful plant native to Japan. According to legend, one cruel Chinese emperor heard that on one of the islands located next to his state, beautiful flower giving people immortality. However, in order for this quality to manifest itself, an honest person had to rip it off. Deciding to gain immortality, the emperor sent several chaste boys and girls to the island. However, the envoys did not return. The island was so beautiful that they decided to stay here and named the new country Japan. The beautiful flower of immortality, the chrysanthemum, became its symbol.

Today it wonderful plant, whose homeland is indeed Japan and Far East are grown all over the world. Moreover, it is used not only in landscape design, but also planted as a houseplant. We will talk about what care a chrysanthemum in a pot requires in this article.

How to choose the right variety

Of course, you can grow a single plant in a pot, but bush or Chinese chrysanthemums look much more beautiful and spectacular in this case. On the trunk of these varieties, many shoots are formed, on each of which buds bloom. A properly planted bush chrysanthemum in a pot looks like a big bright flower ball.

This plant can reproduce in several ways. Hybrid forms are usually grown from seed. However, in most cases, lovers of home flowers plant ordinary varietal chrysanthemums. Such flowers are most often propagated by cuttings. Let's see how a plant like chrysanthemum is grown in a pot. Home care for this flower should be carried out according to certain rules. Otherwise, it will be impossible to grow a beautiful spectacular bush.

Where to place

You should not install a chrysanthemum on a windowsill with south side. This plant does not tolerate too much heat. Direct sunlight will definitely cause burns. But it is not recommended to install a pot with chrysanthemum in the shade. In this case, her flowering will be very poor. It is best to place the chrysanthemum next to the window, but in such a way that it is in partial shade.

Landing

What to do with a chrysanthemum in a pot - we will talk about this a little later. First, let's figure out how to plant it correctly. material with mother plant cut with a sharp knife. It is impossible to break off the petioles, otherwise they may not be accepted. A beautiful and lush bush will grow only if it has a sufficiently developed root system. Therefore, at the very beginning, the petioles are planted in a very large container. Drill a few holes in the bottom of the pot for drainage. Garden soil is poured into it, mixed with some organic fertilizer.

The question of how to plant a chrysanthemum in a pot also comes down to proper soil preparation. Before backfilling, the soil mixture must be subjected to heat treatment. Chrysanthemum is a rather tender plant that is easily infected. different kind viral and fungal diseases.

Cut stalks are carefully dug into the ground. After 20-25 days, roots form on them. As soon as this happens, they should be carefully, together with a clod of earth, transferred to a small flower pot. In this case, an adult plant will take the form of a beautiful lush bouquet. The earth is poured into the new pot the same. That is, they mix nutrient soil with organic fertilizer. You can also use fertilized peat.

How to care for a homemade chrysanthemum in a pot: bush formation

In order for the plant to turn out lush, pinch the tops of all the cuttings. This must be done before the buds appear. Otherwise, the plant simply simply will not bloom. Do not be afraid to remove not too "successful" side shoots. Plants will quickly release new ones.

A very spectacular bush can be obtained after cutting too small buds from it. The more they are removed, the larger the rest of the flowers will grow. It is not difficult to find out the length of future petals. Usually they are about three times the size of the bud itself.

Subsequently, when the bush grows well, the cuttings can be planted in different pots. But you can leave everything as it is.

How to fertilize

So, with how to properly plant this plant, we figured it out. Now let's see how to care for a chrysanthemum in a pot. Of course, this plant, like any other, should be periodically watered and fertilized. Top dressing is applied some time after transplanting into a small pot. In this case, not organic matter is usually used, but special agent- crystal solution. This fertilizer is specially developed for chrysanthemums and contains magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, molybdenum, nitrogen and zinc. This rich nutrition has a beneficial effect on root system plants.

As a fertilizer, you can also use a not too strong solution of mullein. When watering, it is important for them to ensure that splashes do not fall on the leaves.

How to water a chrysanthemum in a pot

You will have to moisten the soil under the chrysanthemum very often. The plant is moisture-loving. Watering it should be done at least twice a week. In any case, it is impossible to allow the soil to dry out in a pot in any case. It is also not necessary to fill the chrysanthemum too much. Otherwise, she may develop some fungal disease. Also experienced growers it is not advised to water the chrysanthemum after sunset. If the droplets on the leaves and stem do not dry quickly, this can also lead to infection with the fungus.

When answering the question of how to care for a chrysanthemum in a pot, experienced flower growers usually advise periodically spraying it. Perform this procedure better in the morning - after sunrise, and in the evening - before sunset.

Diseases and pests

As already mentioned, this plant is not very resistant to various kinds of infections. Very often, a chrysanthemum in a pot becomes infected, for example, with powdery mildew. This disease is usually provoked by a lack of potash in the soil and an excess of nitrogen fertilizers. Infected leaves should be removed as soon as they are noticed. The plant itself must be treated with Bordeaux liquid.

Also, quite often, chrysanthemums are affected by gray rot. In this case, the leaves and stem of the plant turn black. This disease is provoked by an excess of nitrogen in the soil, waterlogging and lack of air circulation between the stems. It is almost impossible to cure gray rot. Affected parts of the plant should be cut and burned.

Of the insects, the chrysanthemum in a pot is most often affected by the nematode. In this case, white spots appear between the veins of the leaves, which subsequently darken. Infection with a nematode can occur through water or soil. This disease cannot be cured either. Sick leaves and shoots are cut and burned.

Many lovers of indoor plants after the flowering of chrysanthemums simply throw away the bush. You can, of course, do so. However, it is best to save the plant until next spring. To do this, you need to cut off the shoots from it so that only short petioles remain above the surface, and place the pot in a cool place. In the spring, new shoots will sprout from the ground.

Some varieties of chrysanthemums can grow quite tall. In this case, the stalk should be tied to some kind of support. You can use, for example, a very long pencil.

The optimum air temperature in the room where the chrysanthemum is grown is 10-25 degrees. In a room that is too hot, this plant will begin to wither. In the cold, it will not bloom. It is also not recommended to install the pot where the lamps burn for too long in the evening. Chrysanthemum is a short daylight plant. With prolonged bright light, it will feel uncomfortable.

Thus, we have figured out how to grow a plant such as a chrysanthemum in a pot. Home care for this flower is not too complicated. The main thing is not to forget about watering, to form a bush correctly and not to expose the pot to the sun.

Chrysanthemum is a flower with a very unusual history. Its exact homeland is unknown, there are disputes about where this wonderful flower came from, some say from Japan, others say from China, and still others mention all of East Asia.

However, be that as it may, all this does not negate the fact that the chrysanthemum is stunningly beautiful, so beautiful that in Japan the highest award is called the Order of the Chrysanthemum, and one emperor ordered a seal with her image.

Perhaps for this history and its beauty, it is not so easy to grow it at home, since many factors will affect its beauty and health. All this and much more is written below.

Chrysanthemum home - description

Chrysanthemum home has a short stature. This is due to the fact that it is grown artificially in greenhouses, where special equipment stops its growth for decoration.

Some have had to deal with the fact that when buying a cutting and trying to grow it, you get a large bush that looks more like a garden than a home. In this regard, it is worth saying a few words about how to choose the right house chrysanthemums in pots.

First of all, take a close look at appearance plants. It should be strong, dense, the leaves well developed, and there should be no insects on the trunk. This will allow her to quickly get used to home conditions. So she does not get infected and will not affect the growth of other flowers that have already taken root.

What varieties are suitable for growing at home

Caring for a chrysanthemum in a pot at home is particularly difficult, but subject to the basic nuances, the plant will delight with a long, lush flowering. Chrysanthemum flowers are often used to create original bouquets. They look great on their own and also as part of a flower arrangement.

The variety of varieties and varieties will make a bouquet of chrysanthemums a real surprise, allowing you to get away from standard roses and gerberas.

Recently, it has also become popular to give fresh flowers in a pot. The advantages are obvious: a longer flowering period and the possibility of further breeding. At the same time, it often turns out that after the phase of vegetative activity, the plant is considered dead. To extend the life of your pet and enjoy beautiful flowers for a long time, you can use the advice of our article and grow a full-fledged houseplant.

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home varieties

Of course, ordinary garden crops will not feel comfortable at home. For this they are too big and cold-loving. At the same time, breeders have bred enough varieties of chrysanthemums, the cultivation of which is quite possible to carry out in apartment conditions.

Before buying, be sure to check this point with the seller, and also take care in advance of creating suitable conditions for the pet, which will be discussed a little later.

Varieties of varieties and classification of chrysanthemums

The most common and numerous variety of this flower is the Korean chrysanthemum. There are many varieties of it, and most have nothing in common with each other. Basically, the classification is carried out according to the configuration of leaves and inflorescences. Korean varieties are most often used for growing at home.

The Indian chrysanthemum is also very popular, differing in more refined forms and the size of inflorescences. Indoor options are distinguished by a relatively high stem, on which a large (up to 15 cm in diameter) flower is located. Most varieties Indian chrysanthemum grown as garden plants.

Features of chrysanthemums

Chrysanthemum multiflora is an almost perfect ball with small-sized inflorescences. A characteristic feature is precisely the shape of the flower, as well as numerous buds and active flowering, which lasts from a month to two. After the flowers fall off, it is necessary to cut the stems, then bring the pot into the shelter. These shapes can be decorated country cottage area, but for wintering it is better to find a fairly warm room with good ventilation.

Chrysanthemum zembla is more in demand as a garden crop, but it can also be found among the descriptions of indoor plants. The characteristic features of this plant will be quite large inflorescences, petals folded into an incomplete tube and a wide range of colors. The most familiar will be yellow chrysanthemums, but among the breeding varieties there are even greenish and blue flowers.

Chrysanthemum classification

General classification of chrysanthemums:

• If the size of the inflorescences is less than 80 mm, such varieties are called small-flowered. Large-flowered plants, respectively, are much larger in diameter.
• According to the shape of the inflorescences, blanket and two-row, terry and semi-double are distinguished. You can find a generalized name - spherical chrysanthemum, which combines several groups with round volumetric inflorescences.
• According to the flowering period, early, medium and late flowering specimens are distinguished. This classification is important if you also want to collect seeds for further flower cultivation. In late-flowering varieties, they, as a rule, do not have time to ripen, so they are not suitable for planting.
• The height of the stem also classifies chrysanthemums into border (up to 30 cm) and medium (up to 50 cm tall).
• The shape of the petals and their arrangement can be chamomile, with a pronounced core (usually in a contrasting color). double flowers do not have such a feature, but can attract petals of different lengths and configurations.

It is impossible to describe all varieties of this flower, much less indicate all possible color options. "Classic" white chrysanthemums are not inferior in popularity to roses and tulips, and a variety of rainbow mixes will cheer you up in the cold season.

Popular varieties

Indoor chrysanthemum is more compact in size; when forming a bush, it forms attractive spherical trees. Except purely visual effect, this plant is famous positive energy and in many beliefs has earned the fame of a family amulet.

The chrysanthemum has the greatest popularity and universal love in oriental cultures, especially for Japan. There, this plant is grown everywhere and is a symbol of prosperity, love and prosperity. To successfully grow a Japanese version of the lucky horseshoe at home, you must adhere to certain requirements.

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What to look for when buying

Chrysanthemums in the markets are presented in such quantity that it is not easy to choose a single bush. But try to be very careful, because success directly depends on how picky you are.

Never buy chrysanthemums with fully bloomed inflorescences - specimens in which the inflorescences have blossomed no more than half will bloom better and longer.

The bushes should be fully formed, powerful, the shoots should be woody from below, and the leaves should be healthy. Please note that yellowing of foliage, spots on leaves and shoots are unacceptable.

Light regime for potted chrysanthemums

Chrysanthemums are crops that require short daylight hours for abundant flowering. But this does not mean at all that they are content with shaded locations.

During the entire period of active development, including flowering, chrysanthemums need to be provided with the sunniest and brightest locations where the plants will not suffer from midday rays or will be shaded from them by neighboring potted ones.

In winter, chrysanthemums are kept in dark rooms (with the exception of specimens that continue to bloom, which are transferred to the brightest locations of the rooms and plan to be thrown away after flowering)

Temperature conditions

Potted chrysanthemums (both garden and indoor) love coolness, especially at the flowering stage. These are not the most heat-resistant cultures, which are comfortable only in typical autumn conditions. The higher the air temperature, the faster the inflorescences fade and the less chrysanthemums release new buds.

That is why even miniature houseplants during flowering it is better to keep in the fresh air. The optimal temperature regime for potted chrysanthemums is from 10-15 to 17-20 degrees Celsius or a little more.

If chrysanthemums are at temperatures above 21-22 degrees during the flowering period, they will not be able to normally lay buds for flowering next year, and even cold wintering will not give the expected effect.

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Landing

What to do with a chrysanthemum in a pot - we will talk about this a little later. First, let's figure out how to plant it correctly. Material from the mother plant is cut with a sharp knife. It is impossible to break off the petioles, otherwise they may not be accepted.

A beautiful and lush bush will grow only if it has a sufficiently developed root system. Therefore, at the very beginning, the petioles are planted in a very large container.

Drill a few holes in the bottom of the pot for drainage. Garden soil is poured into it, mixed with some kind of organic fertilizer.

The question of how to plant a chrysanthemum in a pot also comes down to proper soil preparation. Before backfilling, the soil mixture must be subjected to heat treatment. Chrysanthemum is a rather tender plant that is easily infected with various kinds of viral and fungal diseases.

• Cut stalks are carefully dug into the ground.
• After 20-25 days, roots form on them.
• As soon as this happens, they should be carefully, together with a clod of earth, transferred to a small flower pot.
• In this case, an adult plant will take the form of a beautiful lush bouquet.

The earth is poured into the new pot the same. That is, they mix nutrient soil with organic fertilizer. You can also use fertilized peat.

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Watering

Purchased chrysanthemum should be watered carefully. On the one hand, this plant is quite demanding on watering. On the other hand, excess moisture can cause root rot or the development of fungal diseases.

To prevent this from happening, you need to ensure good drainage: a hole must be provided in the pot, and a layer of gravel or moss is arranged at the bottom. This will help remove any excess moisture from the pot.

• On average, chrysanthemum is watered no more than 2 times a week. You just need to make sure that the earthen ball does not dry out.
• Foliar spraying plays an important role in preventing dehydration.
• Dried leaves must be removed in a timely manner. And healthy leaves are regularly cleaned of dust.

For irrigation, you can not use ordinary tap water. You need to pass it through the filter and defend for a couple of days. Water should not be cold, otherwise the plant is threatened by disease.

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Air humidity

Chrysanthemum prefers high humidity. Therefore, the plant should be sprayed regularly. The frequency of spraying is one (two) times a day. If the grower simply does not have a spray bottle, then you can simply put a saucer or a jar of water next to your home plantings.

Protection against dust and dirt

Chrysanthemum leaves should be regularly wiped from accumulated dust and other contaminants. You can do this with a normal damp cloth. Some gardeners place the pot in the bathtub and gently rinse off the accumulated dust with a shower head.

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Caring for a chrysanthemum in a pot, fertilizing

Fertilization is a mandatory measure, because the chrysanthemum requires a lot of nutrients for its development. Different additives should be used at different times of the year. They can be divided into:

• nitrogen;
• potassium;
• phosphorus.

Nitrogen fertilizers are used during the active growth of the flower, that is, in the spring. These supplements are important for correct formation shoots and active growth of leaves.

In summer, they stop fertilizing chrysanthemums with nitrogen fertilizers, since at this time the active growth of the plant stops and preparations for flowering begin.

In mid-August, start giving potassium supplements with some phosphorus. Closer to October, everything should be the opposite: more phosphorus with the addition of potassium. These additives are needed by the plant for lush flowering and happy wintering.

Chrysanthemum in a pot, care after flowering

How to care for homemade chrysanthemums in pots after flowering? When all the buds are dry, they should be removed. Also cut off any dead or damaged branches.

• After that, gradually reduce watering and put the flower in the place where it will winter.
• If you want to achieve double bloom, then think about it in advance.
• In any case, you will have to organize rest conditions in which the plant will gain strength.

After that, you can put the flower in heat ahead of time, increase watering, and also adjust changes in daylight hours. All these measures can make the chrysanthemum bloom in late February or early March.

Chrysanthemum in a pot: care at home in winter

How to care for a chrysanthemum in a pot in the winter season? At this time, the chrysanthemum does not need to be watered heavily, and it is impossible to fertilize at all. Put the flower in a room with an air temperature of no more than 5 degrees. Such conditions may be in an unheated pantry or cellar.

Some flower growers believe that indoor chrysanthemum should be cut for the winter, as they do with a garden flower. But many experts consider this an unnecessary measure, since the indoor flower is not threatened by frost and other ups and downs, so be afraid that high branches take away from the flower too much strength is not worth it.

Before wintering, it is desirable to treat the chrysanthemum with antimicrobial agents. They will exclude the possibility of infection of the flower by pests, which, unlike plants, do not sleep in winter.

How to care for homemade chrysanthemum in a pot in early spring?

In spring, the plants begin to wake up and actively grow. Do this and chrysanthemums in a pot, how to care for them at this time? First of all, you should increase the watering of the flower, since it needs moisture for growth. At the same time, you should not make a swamp in a flowerpot. Abundant watering should not turn into a "bay".

Next, you should consider transplanting the plant. This work usually performed in the spring. If the plant is young, then you should choose a flowerpot for it. bigger size than the previous one. For an adult plant, you can leave the same capacity.

Prepare the soil for chrysanthemum yourself, as store substrates are universal and are rarely suitable for this particular flower. To prepare the soil, take:

• universal soil;
• peat;
• perlite;
• sand.

Mix all the ingredients in such a way that the soil is loose, but remains nutritious. Pour it into the flowerpot on top of the drainage, which should be mandatory. It eliminates the possibility of stagnation of water in the flowerpot.

transplant chrysanthemum better method transshipment. So her roots are less injured. After transplanting, the plant is watered a little and placed in a well-lit place.

In the first month after transplanting, fertilizers are not needed. They will only harm a plant that is not rooted properly. But in a month you can already water the chrysanthemum with nitrogen fertilizers. They are bred according to the instructions, which are necessarily given with the drug.

When the chrysanthemum takes root and grows a little, you need to cut off the tops of its branches. This is called "pinching" and is done so that the plant begins to sprout lateral shoots. Thus, a lush bush will be formed. By autumn, it will be covered with color and will look very beautiful. You can pinch flowers twice: in early autumn and early summer. Then they begin to prepare chrysanthemums for flowering.

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How to stimulate chrysanthemum flowering

If a flower lover receives a gift from friends, then it is, most often, a chrysanthemum in a pot. Home care focuses on prolonging flowering. Chrysanthemums are perennials, and they can bloom for several years in a row if they accumulate good energy reserves. A winter dormancy period with sufficient light, water and fertilizer will increase the plant's ability to produce new buds.

A simple technique helps to stimulate the plant to a long and abundant flowering. Here are the basic tricks:

• it is necessary to control the light regime of chrysanthemum. Good vegetative growth implies natural conditions, i.e. 9 - 10 hours of darkness. Draping the plant with black fabric creates the illusion of "night" in city apartments, where electricity is often turned on;
• water occasionally and plentifully. The soil should be moist, but not damp;
• before flowering, organize a light regime according to the standard 12 hours of darkness - 12 hours of light;
• provide the plant with a cool atmosphere during the release of buds. Chrysanthemums in pots need a temperature of 13 - 16 ° C for flower formation;
• do not forget to pinch the stems;
• remove all small buds and flower buds, leaving only large ones, one bud on each stem in the center. This should be done when the buds are still small;
• when the flowers open to the maximum, choose the most optimal light position for the pot. The entire flowering period should be well watered chrysanthemum. So the flowers will last longer;
• transplanting the chrysanthemum into a larger pot will give room to the roots. The plant will be able to accumulate more nutrients and moisture, which ensures intensive flowering. The optimal pot size is 1.8 liters.

The entire flowering period should be well watered chrysanthemum

In the spring, as soon as the chrysanthemum releases green shoots, you need to change the soil in the pot. To do this, the plant is carefully taken out, clean soil is laid in a pot, a chrysanthemum is placed in it and watered. In the same period, it is advisable to feed the chrysanthemum with fertilizer. Before flowering, it is better to use nitrogen products, and at the time of flowering - nitrate.

If you have complete information on how to care for a chrysanthemum in a pot, the plant will develop normally and delight the owner with luxurious flowers for several years in a row.

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How to transplant chrysanthemums

chrysanthemums, which are given to us in bouquets, are very easy to root. The desire to plant and grow this miracle on your windowsill or on your plot is commendable, but here it is important to follow the right agricultural practices.

Instruction

1. If the chrysanthemum is already sitting in your pot, then transplanting into open ground will allow it to take on its natural size and shape. Preparation for transplanting chrysanthemum should begin with its flowering. After flowering, chrysanthemums should cut off all shoots longer than 10 cm and leave only short petioles. A pot with a plant for the winter should be removed in a cool room with a temperature of 2-4 ° C.
2. With the onset of spring, the growth of new shoots begins and it is transferred to a warm room. Compliance with the alternation of temperatures for chrysanthemum is mandatory, otherwise it will not bloom. This time is optimal for transplanting a bush into fresh soil in a pot or flower bed, as well as for rooting shoots. To root flowers from a bouquet, cuttings that have given roots in water should be cut off from above, leaving 10 cm and planted in a pot.
3. Young plants should be transplanted every year in the spring, older ones every two years, while it is better to divide the bushes during transplantation. Fresh soil for the bush, most importantly, should not be acidic, otherwise, chrysanthemums are not particularly demanding on soils. Add some sand and humus to ordinary garden soil. During transplantation, the tops of young shoots are pinched, and lignified ones are cut off so that the bush is more branched and even.
4. Before watering, the clod of earth should be moistened, all dried branches and roots should be removed. Pour drainage at the bottom of the pot, insert the bush in the center and sprinkle with new earth on all sides. In order not to transplant the chrysanthemum into a larger pot, divide the bush, and plant part of the bush back, of course, pouring fresh earth. After the bushes, water and keep the soil moist, as the chrysanthemum loves water.

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pruning

Chrysanthemum pruning is carried out twice a year. This is done in spring and summer in order to form beautiful crown bush. The first pruning is done in the spring after planting or transplanting a flower. The plant is removed from the growing point at the top of the shoots.

• Side shoots begin to grow immediately.
• Chrysanthemum before our eyes turns into a lush dense bush.
• Somewhere, in a month, this procedure is repeated.
• If you have a spherical variety of chrysanthemums growing, then it is not necessary to pinch it.
• A lush bush in the shape of a dome is a varietal feature of these types of chrysanthemum.

Secondary chrysanthemum pruned in the fall, after flowering. First of all, dry, diseased and rotten shoots are cut off to keep the rest of the bush healthy. The rest of the shoots are also shortened, since the plant will winter in Spartan conditions - without watering, fertilizing and light. So it will be easier for him to survive during hibernation.

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Reproduction of chrysanthemum in a pot

Chrysanthemum reproduces in 3 ways:

1. cuttings.
2. The division of the bush.
3. Seeds.

1. Cuttings

After a period of rest, a month before cutting, transfer the container with chrysanthemum to the lighted warm place(from +10° to +12°).

When 4-6 leaves are formed on the shoots, you can start cuttings:

1. It is better to take a high capacity, with the expectation that the cuttings will need to be covered at first.
2. Prepare the substrate: humus, garden soil and sand, in this ratio - 1: 2: 0.5, given that upper layer sand should be 2-3 cm. Or take a mixture of perlite and sand, 1: 1.
3. Put drainage at the bottom of the tank - expanded clay, pebbles, etc. Pour the soil, on top - a layer of sand of at least 2 cm. Pour.
4. Cut off the tops of the stems 10 cm high, make the lower cut under the internode. Remove the bottom leaves.
5. Dip the cutting in the growth stimulator. And deepen the cuttings by 1.5-2 cm into moistened sand at an angle of 45 ° with a gap between them of 5 cm.
6. Cover the container with glass or film and place the container with the cuttings in a bright, warm place (t from +17° to +20°).
7. Make sure that the soil in the container is always moist by spraying it daily with a spray bottle.
8. Cuttings take root in 2 to 4 weeks. As soon as the cuttings take root, as evidenced by the growth that appears on them, the film must be removed.

After 2-3 weeks, chrysanthemums can be planted in pots.

2. Division of the bush

Simple and more reliable way chrysanthemum reproduction is the division of the bush during the period of intensive growth of shoots.

From one bush of an overwintered plant, up to 6 divisions are obtained:

1. Water the bush before dividing.
2. Pour drainage and a mixture of garden and soddy soil, sand and humus into a new pot. Pour the mixture into 2/3 of the container.
3. Remove the chrysanthemum from the old container, carefully separate the young shoots so that each separated part retains a root.
4. Put the young shoot in a pot and carefully, trying not to damage the roots, cover it with earth. Do not compact the ground.
5. After transplanting, carefully water the shoots, preferably with a spray bottle, so as not to accidentally erode the soil.
6. Place the container with shoots in a bright warm (but not more than + 20 °) place. Shade from the sun.

After 2-3 weeks, the delenki will take root well.

3. Propagation by seeds

Sowing time is determined by the time of the beginning of flowering:

1. Treat the sowing container with a solution of potassium permanganate.
2. Pour drainage and mixture into the container garden soil, sand and humus, 2:0.5:1.
3. Moisten the substrate and spread the seeds on top. The seeds are not sprinkled with soil, as they need light to germinate. Or sprinkle thin layer light soil.
4. Cover the container with glass or plastic wrap and clean in a bright room (t from + 10 ° to + 15 °).
5. Moisten the soil only with a spray bottle.
6. After 7-12 days shoots will appear. Remove cover.
7. After the formation of 4-6 true leaves, the plant dives with an interval between them of 5-10 cm.

A month and a half before flowering, chrysanthemums are planted in a permanent place.

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Diseases and pests

Chrysanthemum is a late-flowering perennial with high immunity to diseases and pests. However, she can also get sick.

In order not to put flowers at risk, you must carefully monitor their condition and take them in a timely manner. preventive measures. And if it was not possible to avoid the disease, then it is important to know which methods of struggle are most effective.

Fungal diseases of chrysanthemums

Chrysanthemum fungal infections are most commonly caused by poor air circulation, high soil acidity, excess nitrogen fertilizer, and high temperatures.

Leaf spot, or septoria, chrysanthemum

The disease appears as leaf spots that are yellow at first and then gradually turn dark brown and black (and may grow in size). The lower leaves are infected first.

Prevention and treatment

1. The first step is to cut and destroy the affected leaves.
2. For prevention purposes, it is necessary to regularly clean and destroy the remains of dead plants in the garden.
3. If the disease spreads, it is worth using fungicides.

Rust

The infection appears as pale patches on the surface of the leaves, as well as mealy orange spots on the underside of the leaves. Severely affected plants weaken and no longer bloom properly.

Prevention and treatment

1. Prompt removal of affected leaves.
2. Thinning bushes for better ventilation.
3. When watering, avoid getting moisture on the plants.
4. If the disease has seriously spread, you need to switch to the use of fungicides.

wilting chrysanthemum leaves

The first symptoms of Fusarium wilt are yellowing and browning of the leaves. Infected plants are stunted and often fail to bloom. The fungus penetrates the plants from the soil through the roots and blocks the flow of water into the tissues of the chrysanthemum.

Prevention and treatment

1. Removal and destruction of all infected plant parts.
2. Planting wilt-resistant varieties.
3. If the soil already contains the fungus Fusarium, which causes wilting, then the pH of the soil should be increased to 6.5 - 7.0.

powdery mildew

The leaves are covered with a whitish ash-gray powdery coating. The spores of the fungus love a humid atmosphere, these are favorable conditions for their growth and reproduction.

Prevention and treatment

1. Removal of affected plant material.
2. The use of fungicides.

To combat fungal infections, copper oxychloride and Bordeaux liquid, Fundazol, as well as 1% colloidal sulfur are most often used.

Viral diseases of chrysanthemums

Of all the viral diseases for chrysanthemums, the most terrible mosaic.

Plants infected with the virus have a stunted appearance and yellowed foliage. Infected chrysanthemums are stunted and produce small flowers.

Prevention

1. Removal and destruction of affected plants.
2. Timely weed control.

Chrysanthemum pests

leaf nematode

Nematodes are non-segmented roundworms that are barely visible to the naked eye. They overwinter in the soil or in infected plant material.

Chrysanthemums affected by the nematode are covered with yellow-brown spots. The pest first damages the lower leaves and gradually spreads up the stem. Yellow-brown spots on the leaves eventually merge and cover the entire leaf, which dies, dries up and falls off.

Control measures

1. Removal of infected plant material along with the surrounding soil.
2. In the spring, the spread of nematodes will prevent mulching.
3. When watering, avoid getting water on the leaves.
4. Foliar sprays containing insecticidal soap are quite effective.

Aphids and spider mites

These insidious insects harm many types of indoor and garden flowers.

Aphids feed on the juice of young plant tissues, infect the underside of leaves, buds and flowers. The mass distribution of the pest can cause the death of chrysanthemums.

Spider mites spread in hot and dry weather, they suck out the juice from plants, as a result of which the chrysanthemum dries up, the flowers become discolored, the leaves fall off.

Control measures

1. Spider mites and aphids can be removed from the surface of plants with a strong jet of water during watering.
2. Effective use of insecticides and copper-soap solution (20 g blue vitriol and 200 g of green soap per 10 liters of water).

Now you know how to protect chrysanthemums from dangerous diseases and pests. Do not forget to properly care for the plants - and they will certainly make your flower garden attractive.

www.ogorod.ru

Queen of autumn - chrysanthemum (in myths and legends)

Many legends are devoted to this wonderful flower. One of them says that an evil dragon decided to steal the Sun from people; but seizing it, the dragon badly burned its paws. From anger, the dragon began to tear and stomp the fireball. The sun sparks that fell on the Earth turned into white chrysanthemums...

Chrysanthemum flowers, as it were, connect the light cold of winter and the warm breath of summer. She is rightfully considered the queen of autumn. This unpretentious autumn flower truly royal.

After all, once in the East, luxurious feasts were held in his honor, the image of a chrysanthemum served as a symbol of nobility, happiness and was considered sacred. Many poems, myths and legends are dedicated to him. Today, the oriental beauty has no less fans than the recognized queens - roses and orchids.

flower history

How much ancient history this flower is not exactly known, but archaeologists found images of chrysanthemums on fragments of marble and pottery, in the ornaments of ancient buildings, in the patterns of oriental porcelain and even on ancient coins.

• Some argue that the birthplace of the flower is Japan, others say that China, and others that East Asia.
• In Japan, the homeland of the chrysanthemum, its image is included in the national emblem, it is a symbol of the sun.
• The Order of the Chrysanthemum is the country's highest award.

The name of the flower, which comes from the Greek words "chrysos" - golden and "antemos" - a flower (golden flower), is not accidental, the ancestors of the chrysanthemum were exclusively yellow.

In Japanese, it is called "kiku" - the sun. On the day of "kiku" in the imperial palace, the courtiers admired the flowers, drank special chrysanthemum wine, listened to music and wrote poetry.

Chrysanthemum was considered a symbol of high position. Only the emperor and his family members had the right to wear clothes made of fabric with a chrysanthemum pattern. Breaking the law was punishable by death. In the 18th century, the plant was brought to France and it conquered all of Europe.

Chrysanthemum in the East

In Japan, colorful chrysanthemum festivals are held annually, where human-sized dolls are put on historical clothes from chrysanthemum flowers. On this day, the Japanese drink sake with the petals of this wonderful flower - a symbol of happiness and longevity. Participants of the holiday pass each other cups with a drink, wishing them many years of happy life.

This flower is no less revered in China, which is also considered the birthplace of chrysanthemum. Here he represents loyalty. The legend says that in ancient times, when a cruel emperor ruled China, there was a rumor that a chrysanthemum grows on a certain island, from the juice of which you can make a life elixir.

But only a person with a pure heart should pick a flower, otherwise the plant will lose its miraculous power. 300 boys and girls were sent to the island. It is only unknown whether they found that plant or not. No one returned, the mikado died, and the youth founded a new state on that island - Japan.

lore

The 9th day of the 9th month is dedicated to the chrysanthemum in China and Japan, and the flower plucked on this day is endowed with magical powers. In Vietnam, chrysanthemums represent spiritual purity and clarity of mind. In Italy, the chrysanthemum is a symbol of love; a symbol of deep silent sadness; death symbol.

• In England, chrysanthemums are not so much flowers for bouquets as funeral flowers. In Europe, white chrysanthemums are considered mourning flowers and a symbol of deep sadness. Wreaths of them in France are laid on the graves.
• Perhaps that is why there is a sad legend about their origin. “The poor woman's son died. She decorated the grave dear to her with wild flowers picked along the way until the cold came. Then she remembered a bouquet of artificial flowers, which her mother bequeathed as a guarantee of happiness.
• She put this bouquet on the grave, sprinkled it with tears, prayed, and when she raised her head, she saw a miracle: the whole grave was covered with live chrysanthemums. Their bitter smell seemed to say that they were dedicated to sadness.

Chrysanthemum in Europe

Chrysanthemum appeared in Europe in 1676. She was brought from Japan to England and the Dutchman Reede did it. However, the French believe that chrysanthemums first appeared in Marseille in 1789 and were delivered by the French traveler Pierre Blancshire.

• However, the plants they brought were similar to daisies and did not make much of an impression.
• Only after 1829, when the French gardener Berne, as a result of experiments with sowing seeds of chrysanthemums, received beautiful varieties the public is interested in them.
• Over time, this flower could be seen in almost every English garden- chrysanthemums perfectly tolerated English fogs and bloomed even before the onset of light frosts.
• During the celebration of Schiller's birthday in 1859, the bust of the writer was surrounded by thousands of chrysanthemums, the most diverse in color and shape that existed then.

www.florets.ru

Superstition and chrysanthemum.

Chrysanthemum balances the energy of logic and intuition, reason, will and feelings. Fills with peace and self-confidence.

Protects from unnecessary hesitation and doubt. Develops confidence and the missing qualities of sex: for men - fortitude, for women - tenderness and charm. Brings order to thoughts and emotions. Helps to feel like a real man or a real woman and change sexual orientation. Develops tolerance and friendliness. For public places. For active, active, creative individuals. Helps strong personalities get along with each other.

Protects against unwanted changes in well-being. Brings balance to nervous system, kidneys, cardiovascular system.

The ancient Chinese claimed that the chrysanthemum had the miraculous property of prolonging human life. According to ancient legend, a certain Taoist monk lived for about 700 years, and only because he drank dew from chrysanthemum flowers in the morning. Maybe if we follow his example, then we will be able to preserve youth?

Chrysanthemum flower petals are very different: white, pink, golden yellow. They have one thing in common - they are all rich in minerals, so necessary for normal functioning. human body. Please note that the flowers are odorless. healing properties do not possess.

Be sure to add to the traditional green tea fragrant petals of chrysanthemum flowers. It is believed that it is extremely useful for any infectious disease. Ancient Chinese doctors recommended this tea in case of high fever. It was believed that it improves eyesight, removes toxins from the body, and is good for the liver.

Overheating, colds, dizziness, unstable pressure - all these diseases, according to them, are easily cured with the help of chrysanthemum flower petals. This can be trusted, it can be treated with a fair amount of skepticism. However, even in our time traditional healers in case of kidney failure, it is advised to eat ice cream, in which they put a few fresh chrysanthemum petals.

Chrysanthemum gained popularity due to its decorative qualities, abundant flowering and unpretentiousness. Gardeners are also attracted by the variety of its shades and shapes. Chrysanthemum in a pot grows successfully, you just need to know some of the features of its cultivation.

Description of culture

Potted chrysanthemum will decorate any home

Chrysanthemum belongs to the aster family. It is a perennial semi-shrub with straight stems. Its flowering period lasts from September to October. Plant height varies from 15 cm to 150 cm. Inflorescences can be of various shapes depending on the variety. The leaves are grey-green in color.

The number of varieties of chrysanthemums reaches 150. But not all of them are suitable for growing in room conditions. For this purpose it is necessary to select undersized species mulberry, Chinese, Indian or Korean chrysanthemum. These varieties are characterized by abundant flowering and small size. The height of chrysanthemums is 15 cm - 70 cm. The inflorescences are divided into large and small species. For home growing varieties such as Charm, Minimum, Cascade, Chrysanthemum, Orange Jam, Stella, Navare, Helen, Aurora, Snow Elf, Altgold are especially popular.

Preparing for landing

If you decide to plant a lovely chrysanthemum in a pot, you will need to take into account a number of key features so that the flower grows safely in the apartment. Let's consider each aspect in more detail.

Location selection

Chrysanthemum loves a shaded and warm place

pick up appropriate place for a flower, you need to take into account the following factors:

1. In order for the chrysanthemum to feel comfortable, it must be in certain temperature conditions. The best place for her there will be a window sill from the east or west side at home.
2. You can not place the plant in a northern direction, because this will adversely affect its development. Chrysanthemum may not even bloom.
3. In summer, the temperature indicators in the room where it grows flower culture, must be between 20°C-24°C.
4. With the onset of autumn, their level should be lowered to 15°C-18°C. Do not exceed the temperature.
5. You should also take care of lighting. Flowering depends on it. Chrysanthemum prefers a short daylight hours; prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation is highly undesirable for it. It is enough for the plant to receive sunlight for eight hours, after which the culture should be covered with a paper cap.

In an excessively warm room, the flower buds dry out, and the leaves turn yellow.

Soil preparation

Land for chrysanthemum should be loose, neutral and enriched with nutrients. For preparation you will need:

• sand;
• humus;
• sod land.

All components are mixed in equal proportions until a homogeneous mass is formed. To increase the content of nutrients in the soil mixture, you can add bird droppings.

Do not use acidic soil for growing crops.

How to plant a chrysanthemum from a bouquet in a pot

Growing a chrysanthemum in a pot is quite simple. Planting material can be taken in the garden, from a healthy shrub. Or use a decorative flower from a presented bouquet.

Regular transplant

Chrysanthemum transplantation from the garden is as follows:

1. Initially, you need to choose a healthy bush that has not been affected by pests or diseases.

2. At the end of autumn, the bushes are dug up and transplanted into pots. It is important not to damage the root system.

We dig up the root and transplant it into a pot

3. After flowering, pruning is carried out and the flower is placed in a place with a temperature not exceeding +6 C. Under such conditions, the chrysanthemum should spend the whole winter.

4. Cuttings are performed in early spring. To do this, they are planted in perlite or vermiculite to a depth of 2 cm.

We transplant cuttings

5. Then the cuttings are placed in a small greenhouse. If this is not possible, you can use the film. Under it, you need to carry out regular spraying of plants, as well as maintain an air temperature of about + 21 ° C

From a bouquet

In order to transplant a flower from a bouquet, you need to do the following:

1. The first step is the preparation of cuttings. With chrysanthemums, you need to remove the leaves and inflorescences, pinch the tops.

We prepare cuttings

2. Then the plant is placed in a container of water, where the cutting should be until the formation of the root system.

We are waiting for the roots to appear

3. For planting, you need a pot with a diameter of at least 30 cm. The bottom of the container must have holes for drainage excess moisture. A layer of drainage is first poured into the pot. This will prevent root rot. To do this, use small expanded clay or brick chips.

4. Then, a nutrient soil mixture (turf, peat and sand) is poured, which has neutral or slightly acidic indicators. It is recommended to add mineral fertilizers to the soil. Before planting, the substrate is also abundantly watered.

5. Then the cuttings are placed in the soil. A distance of 30 cm should be observed between them. The tops are periodically pinched so that new buds acquire a spherical shape.

Home chrysanthemum care

Watering and spraying

Home chrysanthemum needs to be watered abundantly

Chrysanthemum is a moisture-loving crop. Therefore, it must be watered regularly with a frequency of 1 time in 3-5 days. Especially the plant needs an abundant supply of moisture before flowering. In this case, you need to comply with the measure. The soil should always be moist, but not too wet.

The quality of the water also influences the result. It is undesirable to collect it from the water supply. It is better to use filtered or rain water- it is softer. To determine how correctly watering is carried out, you should observe the flower.

If the appearance of the plant becomes less attractive, it is deficient in moisture.

Fertilizer

For the full development of the chrysanthemum, top dressing is necessary. But keep in mind that it is not necessary to fertilize the soil constantly. The flower is fed in spring and summer. In the autumn-winter period, nutrients are not introduced into the soil. The plant needs organic and mineral elements. For this use:

• humus;
• potassium-phosphorus fertilizers;
• nitrogen substances.

Mineral components should be added with extreme caution. They are added to moist soil under the root, otherwise the plant may get burned.

Nitrogen takes the most active part in the formation of a flower. The height of the chrysanthemum, the size of the inflorescences and leaves, as well as their color depends on its content. Nitrogen directly affects the decorative qualities of the plant.

pruning

This technique involves the removal of the upper part of the cutting, due to which the growth of the culture slows down, the root system develops better, spring buds are removed and side shoots appear. Pruning is distinguished from pinching by the size of the removed part of the stem. The features of the process look like this:

1. You will need a sharp knife to cut. They start it 10-15 days after planting the plant.
2. From the stem, the length of which has reached 12 cm, remove the upper part with 3-4 leaves.
3. After pruning, the chrysanthemum is watered with a solution of nitrogen fertilizers. To do this, take 20-30 g of the active substance per 10 liters of water. In the axils of the remaining leaves, 3-4 new shoots will form in two weeks.

Pruning disrupts the natural development of the crop, so it should not be done during transplantation.

Care after flowering

Chrysanthemums are unpretentious to care

The duration of this period is approximately one month. Then the flower is cut to the level of the root system. Aftercare can be done in two ways:

1. According to the first option, the culture is watered, then the pot is placed in a cool place until spring, where the temperature does not exceed +5°C.
2. The second method makes it possible to enjoy repeated flowering, it provides for the following steps:

• chrysanthemum is transplanted into a larger container;
• the plant is left in the same temperature conditions in which it was during flowering and fertilized regularly;
• top dressing is made every week;

After one or two months, the chrysanthemum will grow back and buds will appear on it. The plant will bloom for a month. But after that, the chrysanthemum needs to be cut off and put in a cool room until spring, since the flower needs rest.

How to save in winter

This time for chrysanthemum is a dormant period. The flower should be placed in a room with a temperature of 3°C - 8°C. If there is a slight deviation from the recommended norms, you should not worry. Chrysanthemum is able to withstand light frosts down to -3°C.

Transplant and reproduction

A little effort, and a beautiful chrysanthemum will appear in the house

When the root of the young shoot no longer fits in the pot, the plant must be transplanted. For an adult chrysanthemum soil mix prepared from the following ingredients:

• handfuls of bone meal;
• 3 parts of garden soil;
• 1 part sand;
• 0.5 parts of dry manure;
• 1 part peat.

The process has the following features:

1. Transplant the plant into a larger pot.
2. As with cuttings, drainage is used.
3. The day before the proposed transplant, the land is watered.
4. A young flower needs support. When the stems get stronger, it can be discarded.
5. If after a certain time roots appear on the surface of the soil, the chrysanthemum should be transplanted again. Otherwise, this procedure is not necessary. Although some growers advise replanting a young culture annually, and adult flowers after 2-3 years.

Chrysanthemum is propagated in three ways:

• with the help of seeds;
• cuttings;
• dividing the bush.

If you prefer to propagate a flower by planting seeds, you must do the following:

1. Fill the prepared container with drainage, then with a soil mixture.
2. Place the seeds to a depth of 1 cm. Chrysanthemum planting material is left on the surface.
3. After two weeks, sprouts will appear.
4. The soil must be constantly kept moist. The temperature should reach 18°C.
5. When several leaves appear, the culture is planted in separate pots.

To propagate the plant by dividing the bush, you need to remove the chrysanthemum from the ground in the spring and cut the root in half. Separate parts are planted in the soil with an interval of 35x35 cm. The composition of the soil mixture should include sand, humus and soddy soil (in equal proportions).

Important! Once every two or three years, it is necessary to divide the main chrysanthemum bush.

cutting method. hallmark This breeding method is that the procedure must be carried out in warm weather, when the temperature rises to 22°C-26°C. The process has the following features:

1. Initially, you need to make the lower cut under the internode, and the upper one - 3 mm above the leaf with the kidney.
2. Prepare containers for seedlings. It is poured into them nutrient soil(composition: sod land, river sand, peat in equal proportions). You can add a handful of bone meal or dry manure. Sand is poured on top, with a layer of 2 cm.
3. Select stems 15-20 cm high and cut off the tops of the shoots that grow from their base. Remove the bottom leaves.
4. Dip the cutting in a special powder - a growth stimulator. They are sold in garden shops.
5. Stick the cuttings into a pick box with moist soil so that a slight slope forms. Expect them to take root.

Important! Deepen the cutting no more than 1.5 cm. It should only touch the sand layer.

Video: flower propagation master class

Possible diseases - Why chrysanthemum may not bloom

Without proper care the flower may be damaged

Chrysanthemum grows well and practically does not get sick. But due to improper care, the flower can still suffer. Among the main diseases can be identified such as:

1. Gray rot, which appears as a fluffy coating or brown spots on leaves and stems. This disease is caused elevated level humidity.
2. powdery mildew. It can be recognized by white coating on inflorescences and leaves. The cause of the occurrence is excessive moisture.
3. Septoria is a fungal attack. You can detect the disease by dark brown spots with a yellow border on the leaves. Appears as a result of excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers.
4. Spider mite. Its presence is evidenced by the light yellow color of the leaves.
5. The aphid infects the tops of the stems, leaves and buds. Damaged parts turn yellow and fall off.
6. Thrips is located on the underside of the leaves, and light dots appear on top. The reason is low air humidity and high temperature level.

Inappropriate care can also cause a lack of flowering. This happens in the wrong light. Chrysanthemum loves the sun's rays, but in moderation. Untimely germination can also lead to such consequences.

Chrysanthemum unpretentious culture. It can be successfully grown indoors. For the cultivation of healthy and beautiful flower you need to follow some rules regarding lighting, temperature, feeding and watering.

Two types of chrysanthemum are grown in pots - Chinese and shrub. In contrast to the garden view, care for chrysanthemums in pots is more complicated.

The main and most important rule of cultivation is that the flower must be placed in a cool room with fresh air. Chrysanthemum does not like direct sunlight and grows well only at an air temperature of no higher than 18 degrees. Most optimum temperature content - 10-15 degrees. The flower does not tolerate heat very well, so if your indoor chrysanthemum has dropped its leaves and stopped blooming, it needs to be removed to a cool room.

Indoor chrysanthemum - care and growing conditions

To get a lushly blooming chrysanthemum, you need to create certain conditions for it.

Many flower growers consider this plant unpretentious and, nevertheless, you will have to follow some rules for caring for chrysanthemum at home:

• Lighting. A pot of chrysanthemum should not be placed in direct sunlight. The best place for it would be a well-lit window sill, and in hot weather the flowerpot is shaded.
• Air humidity. The plant does not require regular spraying from a spray bottle, but this must be done periodically. Such a light shower for a flower is arranged in the morning or in the evening. There should be no dust on the sheets of chrysanthemum.
• Watering. Abundant watering is essential for chrysanthemum, but the soil should not be damp. During the period of active growth of the plant, it should be watered twice a week so that the soil is constantly moist.
• The soil. To facilitate the care of home chrysanthemums, initially you need to make the right soil for planting. To do this, mix soddy soil, humus and sand in a ratio of 2: 1: 1. Chrysanthemum does not like acidic soil.

Caring for chrysanthemums in pots: transplanting and reproduction

A young chrysanthemum should be transplanted annually into a larger pot. Transshipment of an adult plant is done every two years. The soil should be the same as in the previous pot. If you want to get an abundant flowering plant, you can add a little bird droppings to the soil. Be sure to make sure that the soil is not acidic, otherwise the chrysanthemum will not grow well and will not bloom. In order to prevent diseases, the soil can be spilled with boiling water and dried.

Many consider chrysanthemum annual plant and discarded after flowering. In vain. You can save the chrysanthemum and even propagate it.

How to care for room chrysanthemum after flowering?
There is nothing complicated here - you need to cut the stems and put the pot in a cool and dark place. At the time of pruning, the plant may give young shoots, they are left in a pot. A pot of chrysanthemum is placed in the basement, periodically watering it. In the spring, you can start breeding chrysanthemums.

You can dilute your favorite indoor chrysanthemum using cuttings or by dividing the bush. Moreover, the latter method is most preferable due to the reliability and success of the event.

During the period of intensive growth of shoots, you can begin to reproduce the flower. One bush of room chrysanthemum is capable of producing up to 6 young shoots. Pots are prepared in advance for planting, filled with soil. Carefully separating the root system of a young shoot, it is planted in a pot and watered abundantly. Subject to the rules for caring for indoor chrysanthemums, the plant will bloom in the first year after planting.

Chrysanthemum cuttings require more time. Cuttings 10 cm long are cut from the bush, which are treated with heteroauxin or root and planted in a pot.

The cutting is deepened by 1.5 cm, and the pot is covered with a film. Seedlings are kept in a warm room with a temperature of about 20 degrees. Periodically, pots need to be aired to prevent the development of fungal diseases. When the chrysanthemum grows to 15 cm, its top must be pinched to form a bush.

Top dressing of chrysanthemums

It is not enough just to plant an indoor chrysanthemum in good soil and water it periodically with water. Like any plant, chrysanthemum quickly picks up nutrients from the soil. Therefore, if you have a room chrysanthemum, care must necessarily include periodic top dressing.

Chrysanthemum responds well to application mineral fertilizers. With untimely feeding with phosphorus and potassium, the chrysanthemum blooms later than usual. To prevent this from happening, the flower is fed with a solution of potassium monophosphate (1:10) or another multicomponent fertilizer is used, where the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium will be 1:3:2.

An adult plant is fed every 10 days during the active growth of shoots and leaves. It is best to use liquid organic matter. If the soil in the pot is depleted, top dressing is carried out every 4 days with mullein (1:10). You need to feed the chrysanthemum until the buds are formed.

Disease control

Indoor chrysanthemum is a tasty flower for pests and diseases. Especially often on the bushes of indoor chrysanthemums settles spider mite. If during the care of indoor chrysanthemums you find a white cobweb, you need to take urgent action. The leaves and stem of the plant are wiped with a sponge dipped in soapy water, after which the bush is rinsed under warm shower. Actellik or pyrethrum solution will help get rid of spider mites.

Powdery mildew is another most common disease of indoor chrysanthemums. A gray coating is formed on the leaves and peduncles. This fungal infection is caused by high humidity air. The affected flower is treated with a fungicide and taken out to a dry room.

Sometimes flower growers notice a fluffy ash-colored coating on their room chrysanthemum. This gray rot multiplies, causing the edges of the chrysanthemum leaf to turn brown and brown spots appear on them. For treatment, the flower is sprayed with foundationazole, and the pot is placed in a sunny, well-ventilated place.

If the room is too dry, a red spider mite can settle on a room chrysanthemum. Brown spots with a border yellow color on the leaves they will tell you about the defeat of the flower by septoria. Fundazol treatment and reduced watering of the plant will help to cope with diseases.

Growing chrysanthemum at home - video

Surely you know how chrysanthemums bloom. These incredibly beautiful, delicate and colorful flowers delight the eye of gardeners and summer residents. Chrysanthemums can be red, purple, yellow, pink, white. But what if you do not have a piece of land where you could grow this miracle? No need to despair, chrysanthemum can be grown in a pot, right on your windowsill.

Garden chrysanthemum in a pot

Many novice gardeners wonder if it is possible to grow garden chrysanthemum in a pot? After all, a real chrysanthemum has a fairly large size, its stem reaches more than a meter in length. The fact is that for growing chrysanthemums choose only dwarf varieties, which do not grow, but are formed by a shrub. Along with this, such chrysanthemums are treated with retardants. These are drugs that retard the growth of the plant in length. Thanks to such processing, the chrysanthemum grows in width, that is, it forms a lush luxurious bush. In addition, do not be afraid to cut the chrysanthemum stem before the buds appear. This is done in order to suppress the growth of a tall stem and form a bush from the plant. But before that, you need to figure out in detail how to grow a chrysanthemum from scratch in a pot.

Planting a chrysanthemum

1. Chrysanthemum is planted and transplanted in early spring, when the plant is still in hibernation. To plant a chrysanthemum, you can take a sprout from the garden, that is, plant the most ordinary chrysanthemum in a pot. You can transplant into a new pot the plant that you removed for the "wintering". If you want to grow chrysanthemum from seeds, you will need to first grow seedlings in greenhouse conditions.
2. Chrysanthemum reproduces well by cuttings and dividing the bush. The latter method is the most acceptable, since in the presence of its own roots, the chrysanthemum almost always takes root.
3. To grow chrysanthemums, you need to take a nutritious soil with sufficient breathability. Drainage should be laid out at the bottom of the pot - expanded clay pebbles or brick shards. Four parts garden soil should be mixed with one part chicken or cow manure, one part sand, and four parts soddy soil. This substrate is placed in a pot and the chrysanthemum is planted in such a way that its roots are completely in the soil.
4. If you are transplanting an adult chrysanthemum, please note that the new pot must be large in size. In the first 3-4 years, the chrysanthemum should be replanted every year, after which the transplant may be less frequent.
5. As soon as you "settled" the plant in a new place, it should be placed in the open air - a balcony, a loggia, a window sill with outside window. But only if the temperature has already stabilized outside.

Despite the fact that a chrysanthemum in a pot is still the same garden flower, care for her is slightly different from the classic.

1. Watering. Chrysanthemum loves water and you need to water the plant 2-3 times a week, depending on the amount and intensity of sunlight. Chrysanthemum does not tolerate drying out, it immediately dies from this. The best time to water a flower is when top part the soil dries up. In winter, the intensity of watering is significantly reduced. If you store chrysanthemum at low temperatures, watering the plant is enough once a month. Excessive watering of chrysanthemums at any time of the year can lead to root rot. In summer, you can spray the flower a couple of times a week - this makes it grow better.
2. Temperature. Chrysanthemum is a fairly non-capricious plant, it calmly survives temperature changes. However, it blooms and develops best in summer at a temperature of 22-24 degrees. The optimum winter temperature is 6-8 degrees. The plant can survive slight frosts down to -3 degrees.
3. Illumination. When choosing a place for your flower, it is very important to find a natural balance. If you put the chrysanthemum in direct sunlight, the plant will dry out, and the flowers will fade too quickly. If you put the plant on the north side, the buds may simply not open. Optimal choice- these are the eastern and western windows, that is, the places where the sun's rays fall on the flower in the morning or evening. Chrysanthemum blooms in autumn, when daylight hours become short, 8-10 hours each. Some experienced flower growers create an artificial environment by making the chrysanthemum bloom. That is, every day they cover the plant with a dark cap, simulating the night. So you can achieve repeated flowering of chrysanthemum in a year.
4. Top dressing. Chrysanthemum should be fertilized no earlier than two weeks after transplantation. If you added droppings to the substrate, then the chrysanthemum does not need to be fed for about two more months. In general, the flower needs to be fertilized only in spring, summer and autumn, when the chrysanthemum is actively growing and blooming. In winter, feeding is stopped. Plants need to be fertilized with compounds containing nitrogen and phosphorus in their composition.
5. Flower shaping. Often in flower shops they sell incredibly beautiful chrysanthemums in the form of a blooming ball. To achieve such a figure, the chrysanthemum must be formed in time. To do this, you need to pinch the plant in those places where it goes beyond the figure. This not only forms the appearance of the future flower, but also increases the number of young shoots on the plucked twig. Usually in the spring-summer period, two or three moldings are enough.
6. Wintering. When the chrysanthemum has faded, it must be properly sent for the winter so that next spring she pleased you with young green shoots. To do this, all faded buds, dry leaves and stems must be cut. From the plant should remain cuttings no more than 10-15 cm in height. After that, the flower, along with the pot, should be placed in a cool room - an entrance, a basement, a garage. Chrysanthemum for the winter can be transplanted into open ground. To do this, the plant is dug up along with the root system, planted in the soil, sprinkled with dry earth and leaves. However, this does not guarantee that the flower will survive. In the spring, when the first young leaves appear, the flower can be planted back in the pot.

Chrysanthemum blooms almost always. But if in the fall, with a decrease in daylight hours, the plant did not please you with flowering, then the care was wrong. Pay attention to lighting. A chrysanthemum will not bloom if it does not get enough sun. Also, the plant will not please you with flowering if you have not fed it - the plant does not bloom in poor soil with a lack of phosphorus and potassium.

It is important to note that the last pinching should be in the summer. If you pinch a chrysanthemum late, there is a chance that you are cutting off the branches on which the buds were planned to form. Do not delay with molding, and if you did not have time to do it in the summer, do not touch the chrysanthemum, so as not to lose its flowering at all.

What causes chrysanthemum

Like other houseplants, chrysanthemums can be prone to diseases and pests. Most often on chrysanthemum bushes you can find a spider mite. You will easily understand about his presence on a thin and sticky web. In this case, immediate processing is required. The easiest way is a soapy wipe. Dilute the soap solution in warm water and gently wipe all the leaves and stems of the plant with it. After that, rinse the indoor flower in the shower, choosing light streams so that the water does not damage the bush.

If you notice a gray coating on your chrysanthemums, then the plant is sick with powdery mildew. This is one of the most common ailments. In this case, a fungicide, which is sold in stores for flower growers, will help. Chemical composition diluted in water according to the instructions, and then sprayed onto the plant. Usually one treatment is enough. Powdery mildew affects the flower at high humidity. After processing, the pot should be moved to a drier room.

If the edges of the chrysanthemum leaves turn brown, and there is an ashy coating on the stems, then the plant is sick with gray rot. Here you will need treatment with foundation. But if the air in the room is too dry, the plant can hit the spider mite. He is exterminated alcohol tincture garlic.

Chrysanthemum - amazing flower autumn. He plays with colors, delighting his owners various shades. Proper and competent care will allow you to grow this riot of colors at home on your own.

Video: growing chrysanthemums at home