What to do bitch does not. Reproduction of dogs by planned mating

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Most owners do not have a full understanding of the difficulties and mistakes that they make when mating dogs. We will tell you how to avoid problems during mating and cover all the difficulties that you will have to face.

When it comes to mating, most owners think that it is enough to bring the dogs to one place and let them go off the leash, and then everything will happen by itself. Yes, in some cases this is enough, but not always everything goes smoothly, especially if the dog has not bred before. And here the owners have to take an active part, help the male and female to become future parents.

Dogs on a table or hill so that it is more convenient to control the mating process.
If you do not have experience in mating dogs, then it is better to call a person who has experience in this matter, or an instructor.
Dogs should be allowed to rest and water should be available at all times.
bitch in her first heat, when she herself is still a puppy.
After the dogs have stood “in the castle”, you should support them by the collars and don't let it unfold. If the dog wants to cross his leg and stand backwards, you should help him with this.
you need to walk the dogs well, and you should not feed them tightly.
After the first knitting, be sure to do control knitting after 2-3 days. It is better if there are two control matings, with an interval of 2 days.

Difficulties

Inactive male. Yes, it happens that a male of breeding value is not active enough or, due to inexperience, cannot mate a female on his own. In this case, the owners should hold the bitch so that she does not spin and let the male sit quietly. The dog can be pushed or helped to make a cage, throw his front paws on the bitch - such help is often necessary for heavy or inactive, phlegmatic dogs.
Aggressive bitch. Often the cause of unsuccessful mating is the bitch's unpreparedness for mating. Such a bitch does not allow a dog to approach her, snaps and is even capable of seriously biting him. In this case, you should put a muzzle on the bitch, squat down and holding the collar, put your knee under her stomach so that the weight of the dog does not interfere with mating, this is also necessary if the dog is too heavy for the bitch.
The male is smaller or larger than the female. It happens that height has an effect, and the male cannot properly mount and get into the loop. In this case, you need to correct the difference in height yourself: if the female is smaller than the male, then you should put her on a hill, and vice versa.
The dog burned out. It also happens that a male who is actively making cages is tired or has decided that enough is enough for today. In this case, it is worthwhile to separate the dogs for a while, walk the dog, and then let him rest a little, be sure to give the dogs water and try again after some time.

Mistakes

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wrong day: either the hunt has not yet begun, or it has ended, and the male does not show any interest in the bitch; or the bitch won't let the male mount. Usually dogs are knitted on the 10-11th day of estrus - these are average data, it all depends on the cycle of a particular dog.

CHAPTER 6. Knitting

Presentation of a male to a bitch
Many matings fail because the owners of the dogs are in too much of a hurry and do not think about the feelings and characters of the dogs.

Before introducing a dog and a bitch to each other, you need to examine the bitch, check how ready she is, if there is any vaginal stricture, and, if necessary, massage the vaginal entrance very gently and gently with your finger. To do this, put on a sterile surgical rubber glove and lightly lubricate it with petroleum jelly so that the finger enters more freely. The bitch should be held tightly by the collar, as she will not like this procedure. If there is a stricture, it must be stretched very carefully, gradually, in no case using much effort. If a stricture is found in a large breed bitch, it may be necessary to dilate with two fingers. In difficult cases, it is better to invite a veterinarian to eliminate the stricture.

The best way to introduce two unfamiliar dogs to each other is to walk them in two adjacent areas separated by a metal mesh. Dog owners can step back and watch the dogs get to know each other from the sidelines.

The stud dog will know everything about the upcoming ceremony, since he is at home and knows exactly why this alien bitch is walking in the neighboring paddock. He will obviously take a great interest in the bitch, leave his footprints by raising his foot, come up to the bitch and sniff out all he can about her through the hedge. A bitch released for the first time into an unfamiliar area in a strange environment may be a little frightened at first, but if she is really ready for mating, she will quickly come to the fence and introduce herself, first sniffing the male and maybe getting closer to the fence. If she is a rapidly progressing female, she will then turn her tail away and show the male with her behavior that she is "ready".

As soon as the owners see that the dogs are interested in each other, they should be taken to the mating room on leather leashes, where they should be introduced to each other again. If the bitch needs to be muzzled, which is rare, the muzzle should be put on immediately before the second introduction to the male.

If these are dogs of large breeds, for example, Great Danes, then the male and female must be firmly kept on leashes at a direct meeting. It is better for the instructor and his assistant to wear strong gloves. Leashes should be held tight in case the bitch gets scared and attacks the male. Leashes must be taut so that each instructor can pull his dog back and prevent damage that his dog may cause to another.

If the bitch is ready to mate, usually there are no difficulties. But it's better to be careful.

Some timid bitches try to hide when introduced, they growl and show their teeth, but usually, if the bitch is ready, and the owner and instructor are not in a hurry to finish everything faster and give her more time to get acquainted, she will normally accept the dog. If, despite all efforts, she continues to resist, then either the bitch is not ready, or the mating time has already passed.

courtship
The male usually approaches the bitch with agility, tail up, front legs extended on the ground, while the hind legs are half extended. He will turn his head to one side and often stick out his tongue. The bitch will do the same. Then one of them will rush to the side, the other will pursue. If the dogs are without leashes, they will hug each other by the neck with their front paws and will fight while playing. The bitch often dodges and teases the male, pushing him either with her nose or with her rump. Finally, the bitch will calmly stand up and move her tail to the side, which means that she is ready to receive the male. The male often puts his head on the bitch's neck, licks her ears, eyes, lips. He becomes more excited, active and tries to make a cage. The bitch can playfully run away from the male one or two more times, but then again she will stand up completely calmly and allow the male to make a cage.

knitting
So, when the bitch is ready, she will let the dog mount and he will probably try a few times, looking for the hole of the loop with his penis. When the male is sufficiently stimulated, he continues the rhythmic movements until he suddenly penetrates the vagina. Then the male makes a series of strong pushing movements. The skin of the prepuce is pushed back behind the bulb and, if everything goes well, mating occurs normally and the male is "attached" to the bitch with the muscle - the vaginal constrictor.

At this stage, the bitch may become very agitated and want to move. At this time, the assistant should calm her down by talking to her, holding her in place. The assistant instructor who watches over the bitch must be prepared to prevent the bitch from wanting to crouch, which she may try to do at the moment of penetration of the penis into the vagina. The instructor and his assistants must also ensure that the dog and bitch do not try to pull in different directions. The male produces frantic dancing movements with his hind legs, alternately stepping with them. It is at this stage that sperm ejaculation occurs. After that, the male will, breathing heavily, rest on the back of the bitch, clasping her with his front paws. He will put his head on her neck, he can also lick her ears and eyes, thus expressing his love and gratitude.

Breeding males show their individual characteristics during mating. Some, for example, grind their teeth, young males often burp when excited. The helpers should talk to the dogs, the one who helps the dog should prevent the dog from getting off the bitch too early, you should first check that the “lock” is really there.

At this time, the male usually becomes restless and wants to get off the bitch. Dogs may prefer to stand side by side, but usually male and female turn in different directions. Small breed dogs are easy to help at this point, but larger breeds can be more difficult. To make it more comfortable for large dogs to stand in the "castle", you need to transfer only one front leg of the male over the female's back. Then he will stand on all four of his legs - back behind the bitch's legs, front - next to her front, but both on the same side.

It doesn't matter what position the dogs prefer to stand in when they are "castle" - they may have their own inclinations - but it is important that in any position neither the dog nor the bitch try to pull in order to separate. Especially with a jerk, as this can injure dogs, especially a male.

Normally, the “lock” can last from 5 to 40 minutes, but it happens that such a state lasts only a few seconds or an hour and a half. It is not so important that there must be a “lock”, fertilization can occur without it, but if there is no “lock”, you should try to keep the dog in the bitch, if possible, for at least 5 minutes.

Once the "lock" is complete, the helpers can make themselves comfortable and sit on the chairs, but everyone must continue to hold their dog. The excitation of the dogs by this time already passes and both soon become calm and passive. The third assistant can leave and prepare such necessary reinforcements for everyone.

During the “castle”, the bitch should not be allowed to sit down and, of course, lie down, as she can damage the male member. During the "lock" in some bitches, you can observe a trembling of the skin and a wave-like contraction of the abdominal muscles. Some bitches may salivate during this time, sometimes become very aroused and scream a little with pleasure, or may close their eyes, licking their lips with an extremely satisfied look. The male usually pricks the ears, the bitch lays them back. When a male mounts, if he is very sensitive, he often licks the bitch, sniffs in her ear, and if she turns her head in approval, licks her eyes and tells her how much he loves her.

If large breed dogs are being bred, the bitch's helper can support her by slightly extending his leg so that it is at the bitch's shoulder as the male begins to mount. The helper of the dog can also support him with his foot, resting against the sitting bones.

After mating
As soon as the bitch releases the male, make sure that his penis has returned to normal and is completely covered by the skin of the prepuce. After mating, the male must be allowed to rest, but at the same time separated from other dogs. If you let him run with other dogs, then the males will immediately find out that he knitted a bitch, they will become jealous and a serious fight may arise.

Immediately after mating, the bitch should be wiped dry and placed in a secluded place where she can get drunk and rest. She does not need to be disturbed for at least two hours. It is better to walk the bitch one to two hours after mating. If the bitch came from afar, then it is advisable to postpone her departure home until the next day.

Complications in mating
Sometimes a too excited male will rush and miss, not hitting the bitch's loop; or it happens that immediately after the penetration of the member, the bitch will make a sharp movement and he will come out. In this case, the penis will be exposed, the bulb will be enlarged, and the sperm will be erupted outward. In this case, the dog can be allowed to mount again, he will continue to swing, while the penis will quickly take its normal size and fall into place. But more often, males do not want to mount in this position. Then you need to help the dog, because the exposed mucous membrane of the penis dries out very quickly and can crack until the penis decreases and hides in the skin of the prepuce. In these cases, you can moisten a piece of cloth with cold boiled water and apply it very carefully. This prevents drying, helps to reduce the swollen organ, and the member returns to the prepuce faster.

I found a faster method that I think is more effective and doesn't hurt the dog. During the mating of dogs, I always have a small jar 15-20 cm high, filled with cooled boiled water, at the ready. If a male member is exposed before or after mating and does not immediately return to the prepuce, then the entire exposed part must be immersed in a jar of cold water for 1-2 seconds. The penis immediately contracts and quickly returns to its place. In this case, the dog does not have to look unhappy, remaining for some time in a very uncomfortable position. If the mating is not complete, but the penis is back in place, the male usually actively attempts to mount again and ties quickly and without difficulty. In some cases, however, you have to give the dog an hour or two to rest.

Sometimes, after mating, the head of the penis does not return to the preputial sac, and if left without noticing, it can swell very much from edema, which will cause severe pain to the male. A male dog should always be checked after mating to make sure everything is back to normal. If the head of the penis remains naked, it is necessary to lightly lubricate this place with vaseline oil and carefully try to pull the preputial sac over the head until the penis is completely inside it. If the head of the penis is so swollen that it does not fit into the opening of the prepuce, and attempts to help cause severe pain to the dog, you should immediately contact your veterinarian.

Some females become very excited during mating, sink to their elbows, squirm or lie down, may whine and even scream. In these cases, the bitch must be held firmly, as she can damage the male. The bitch and dog should never be left unattended while in the “castle”, as the bitch may move forward, drag the dog along with her and thus cause serious injury to him.

It is very important not to change the position of the dog on the bitch until the prepuce is completely retracted behind the bulb, otherwise any movement will cause excruciating pain to the dog. If he screams, leave him in any position on the branch, but both dogs must be supported.

Size discrepancy
In most breeds, males are usually larger than females and this makes mating easier. In toy breeds, where it is common practice to mate a tiny male to a much larger bitch, the difference in their height can make mating extremely difficult. Unsupervised dogs, such as mutts, tend to mate easily, regardless of size. In highly bred dogs, the difference in size often creates difficulties. The angle of inclination of the vagina is often inconvenient for the dog.

In toy breeds, if a small dog is bred to a large bitch, he should be assisted by lifting his hind legs on a stand, such as an overturned tray or a stack of magazines, but whatever it is, the stand must not be slippery. If the dogs have such a difference in height that a stand is required, then during the "castle" the male may have to be supported, since his front legs will not reach the floor. With a big difference, of course, you should not turn the dogs around, not only because of the inconvenience of the male - in addition, the “lock” may be broken, because in a large bitch the vaginal constrictor muscle may not hold the penis of a small male tightly enough. In such cases, I always support the male, without removing him from the back of the bitch. At the same time, it is important to support under the chest and the bitch, which has a hard time in such a situation.

Knitting of dogs of small breeds
Many dogs of small breeds easily knit on the floor without the help of the owners or instructor, sometimes it is only necessary to slightly hold the moving bitch during the "castle". But still, a breeding male of a dwarf breed should also be taught to knit on the table, so that if a difficult bitch comes across, it would be easier for him to help and he would not reject this help.

Knitting on the table
After preliminary courtship, the ritual of which takes place on the floor, the dogs can be raised to the mating table.

It is better to place the table in the corner of the room so that its two sides are limited by walls. The Assistant Instructor may sit opposite the bitch's head and hold her by placing her thumbs behind the collar, while the others hold the bitch by the shoulders. The instructor may sit in a chair at the side of the dogs, watching the bitch's loop and supporting or correcting the dog as needed.

The table should be covered with something non-slip, such as a mat or a rubber bath mat.

With a difference in size between a male and a female, do not forget about the stand for the smaller of them. The bitch's vagina can be lubricated with a small amount of vaseline oil, but really small.

They put the bitch on the table first and this excites the dog, who does not see the bitch, but knows that she is here - he will jump, trying to get her, showing with his whole appearance that he is waiting for him to be raised to the bitch.

With normal mating, the male will mount, and the instructor at this moment, watching the male, must support the bitch with his hand between the hind legs so that she does not sit down. He can support the bitch's loop on both sides with two fingers of his left hand. Since the instructor is seated, he can easily see where the male is going and, in case of difficulty, can direct the loop to the penis. Especially if the bitch is timid and, when the dog tries, turns the loop down instead of turning it up. If long-haired dogs are knitted, it is advisable to wrap, fasten long hair so that you can see what is happening.

A well-trained stud male mounts quickly and after several tries penetrates the female's organs. He performs his frantic dance, stepping with his hind legs at the moment when the sperm erupts. The male covers the bitch with his front paws and sometimes during the dance he can lose his balance and fall down. In addition, if the bitch is excitable and starts moving and whining, she can also knock the dog down. Therefore, it is important that the assistant instructor watching the bitch helps the dog at this moment. To do this, support the shoulders and elbows of the bitch with the palms, while at the same time supporting the elbows of the male, and possibly the torso, with the fingers.

In the meantime, the instructor should hold the dog with his right hand under the tail, keeping him close to the bitch, and the right hand can support the dog, helping him to keep his balance. If all this is done carefully and calmly, the “lock” will not be broken.

As soon as the “lock” is obtained, the male usually rests on the back of the bitch with his tongue hanging out and panting. The bitch sometimes saliva flows at this moment, it is often possible to observe a contraction of the abdominal muscles. Sometimes the bitch will whine or scream with excitement. If she gets too excited, she needs to be calmed down by all means. After a few minutes, the dog will obviously want to get off and now he needs help. Unhooking his arms, you need to move one front leg over the back of the bitch, after which they will stand side by side. Usually dogs in this position are quite comfortable - all four legs of the dog stand firmly on the table, and the genitals are in a natural position. If the instructor prefers to turn the dogs around, then the assistance should be continued - to move the hind leg of the dog over the croup of the bitch. On the same side as the already transferred front one, and after that turn it so that both of them stand tail to tail, and their heads are directed in opposite directions.

If dogs prefer to stand side by side, do not touch them, do not change their posture. The "lock" in small breeds usually lasts from 5 to 40 minutes, as well as in all other breeds, but it can be much less and much longer.

In the case of mating dogs on the table, especially if they are short-haired, the instructor can clearly see whether the bulb is inside the loop or it is still outside. Some bitch owners want to watch this for themselves to make sure that the "lock" is really taking place and that the male has entered the bitch's genitals. If the bulb is outside, then there is no lock, which will not interfere with fertilization, but in this case it is very important to keep the penis in the vagina, pressing the male tightly to the bitch with one hand and holding the loop tightly pressed to the penis of the male with the fingers of the other hand. This position should be maintained for at least five minutes if possible.

As soon as the castle relaxes, the bitch releases the dog. The owner of the dog should immediately examine it, make sure that the penis has decreased and returned to the prepuce, after which you can send the dog to rest. The bitch's owner usually prefers to lift her by her hind legs so that she stands on her front legs - the idea behind this is to help the semen go to its destination. There is absolutely no need for this, but if the owner of the bitch is so calm, there is no need to laugh at him, because, in the end, this will not bring harm to the bitch. Some owners of a bitch touch her loop with something cold, as they believe that such a cold compress will help the loop to shorten.

After the penis comes out of the vagina, a large enough ball of cotton should be applied to the loop of the bitch so that the liquid remaining in the vagina is absorbed. There is no semen in this liquid, no need to worry when it comes out of the vagina, it is better to make sure that the bitch is clean after mating.

After this little ritual, the bitch should be placed in her crate where she should be allowed to rest for a few hours.

Difficulties in mating dwarf breeds
If a dog is having difficulty mating a bitch, he should not be allowed to continue his attempts for too long. After 5 minutes, it must be removed and allowed to rest for 5-10 minutes, in some cases longer. The dog must be brought back in joyful excitement. Arousal can be increased by talking to him in a joyful tone. The male will dance on its hind legs, knowing that the bitch is on the table. As soon as he is placed there, the instructor must lift the bitch over the head of the male, and he will definitely stand on his hind legs to sniff her. At this point, the bitch must be quickly lowered so that the front legs of the male are on her back. With a little skillful help, the male can get into the genitals of the bitch from the first movement. At this point, he must be pressed closely to the bitch and in most cases the mating ends successfully. Both dog owners and helpers should not show disappointment when they see a dog in trouble. On the contrary, he needs to constantly say that he is doing well.

One day I was asked to help an exceptionally beautiful and tiny dog, adored by a minion, which the mistress carried in a lady's purse. At three years old, he was still a "boy". This baby was brought to my rather old, very experienced bitch, who had not had puppies for a long time, but trained young males well. We introduced them, but after a while we were convinced that the male did not show any interest in the bitch. I asked the hostess, if she doesn't mind, to go for a walk. The dog was so attached to his mistress that he lost all his natural instincts in her presence and paid no attention to my flirtatious bitch. However, when he was finally left alone with her, she herself told him how stupid he was and “that's what” he should do, I managed to untie the dog. Since that time, the baby has become a well-known sire in his breed.

Misalliance and double parenthood
The accidental mating of a pedigreed bitch with a mutt or a male of another breed has no effect on her future litters.

If it is necessary to stop an unwanted pregnancy, the veterinarian can inject special drugs, but this must be done no later than 24 hours after mating. After the injection, the bitch must not be bred in the same estrus with another male.

It happens that a bitch, a week or more after the first mating, unexpectedly mates herself with another male. It is possible that she will have puppies from both fathers, but can only be from one - either the first or the last, depending on how the mature eggs ovulated. Most likely, the bitch will “calculate” the day for mating more correctly than her owner. No matter how many fathers there are, the puppies of all will be born together, although for some this birth will be premature.

Dogs on a table or hill so that it is more convenient to control the mating process.

If you do not have experience in mating dogs, then it is better to call a person who has experience in this matter, or an instructor.

Dogs should be allowed to rest and water should be available at all times.

Bitch in the first heat, when she herself is still a puppy.

After the dogs have stood “in the castle”, you should support them by the collars and don't let it unfold. If the dog wants to cross his leg and stand backwards, you should help him with this.

You need to walk the dogs well, and you should not feed them tightly.

After the first knitting, be sure to do control knitting after 2-3 days. It is better if there are two control matings, with an interval of 2 days.

Difficulties

Inactive male. Yes, it happens that a male of breeding value is not active enough or, due to inexperience, cannot mate a female on his own. In this case, the owners should hold the bitch so that she does not spin and let the male sit quietly. The dog can be pushed or helped to make a cage, throw his front paws on the bitch - such help is often necessary for heavy or inactive, phlegmatic dogs.

Aggressive bitch. Often the cause of unsuccessful mating is the bitch's unpreparedness for mating. Such a bitch does not allow a dog to approach her, snaps and is even capable of seriously biting him. In this case, you should put a muzzle on the bitch, squat down and holding the collar, put your knee under her stomach so that the weight of the dog does not interfere with mating, this is also necessary if the dog is too heavy for the bitch.

The male is smaller or larger than the female. It happens that height has an effect, and the male cannot properly mount and get into the loop. In this case, you need to correct the difference in height yourself: if the female is smaller than the male, then you should put her on a hill, and vice versa.

The dog burned out. It also happens that a male who is actively making cages is tired or has decided that enough is enough for today. In this case, it is worthwhile to separate the dogs for a while, walk the dog, and then let him rest a little, be sure to give the dogs water and try again after some time.

Mistakes

Do not scold a young male for mounting other dogs during children's games: this is how the male learns, and in the future you will have less problems with mating. It happens that a male, who was scolded in childhood for cages, refuses to mate with the owner.

We are owners of two different sex German Shepherds. The girl is 2 years old, the male is 5. They live together for a year, the second estrus in a row did not mate. According to the recommendations of experienced breeders, they hand-knitted and helped the dogs: they supported the girl under her stomach, held her by the collar. Despite the efforts, the lock did not work out: the male's organ touched the female's vulva, but did not enter inside. Tell me, please, what to do.

Answer

Shepherd mating requires the skill of the owners. In the absence of experience, it is better to consult a veterinarian. A professional instructor will organize the preparation, prevent mistakes. A common reason for mating without a "lock" is the overcrowded intestines of dogs. Therefore, mating is recommended in the morning, before feeding the animals.

Determining the mating day

Choosing the right time is important. The further process depends on the correct calculation of the estrus period. With the correct determination of the start date of estrus, it is easy to calculate a favorable mating day. The favorable period for mating falls on the 12-15th day after the onset of estrus, but deviations from the specified period are possible. During this period, the external genital organ, the "loop", swells, becomes larger. It happens that there is a secretion of milk.

From the beginning of estrus, the female becomes irritable, reacts slightly aggressively to males, bounces, does not let her in, snaps. The period of 11-14 days is considered optimal for ovulation, it rarely shifts. The duration of ovulation is 3 to 5 days. Veterinarians advise knitting a bitch in the middle of her readiness. Mating at the beginning of ovulation is a common mistake many breeders make. Pap smear analysis will help determine the time of ovulation with maximum accuracy.

Two matings with an interval of a day will serve as a guarantee of pregnancy. The viability of spermatozoa lasts 75 hours, the method leaves 4 days for fertilization.

Preparation, conditions

Each owner knows the individual characteristics of the pet. It is recommended to keep a diary, describing in detail the condition and behavior of the dog during estrus. Focusing on observations, determine the days favorable for the bundle.

It is desirable to make mating days calm for a shepherd dog, the dog is prone to hypersensitivity, requires a delicate attitude. Before mating, dogs are shown to walk, feed 4 hours before the scheduled event.

Ways, process

After carrying out the preparatory measures and observing the mandatory conditions, proceed to the act. There are two knitting methods:

free;
manual.

Each method requires increased attention. Freestyle mating is carried out with an experienced male and an interested female. This method does not exclude the presence of owners and assistance to animals in order to avoid possible injuries.

The manual method requires the participation of the owners. The presence of a veterinarian is desirable. The owner of the dog with one hand supports the bitch under the stomach, and with the other directs the “loop” to the genitals of the dog during cages. The owner of the bitch holds her by the collar.

If the attempts were unsuccessful, the animals are bred. One of the reasons is the incorrect structure of the bitch's vagina. An examination by a veterinarian will help identify the pathology.

Features, rules

Dogs are knitted on the territory of the male, in the absence of extraneous irritants. Dogs are given time to get used to each other: sniff, get to know each other, play. It is important to make sure that the time of the games is not delayed: the male will “burn out” and mating will not work.

The dog is worried or fussing - do not scream or hit the animal. You need to take the bitch out, let the dog calm down.

At the end of the mating process, the dogs are allowed to lick themselves. After locking, the male's penis may remain erect and not re-enter the prepuce. To relieve swelling, it is necessary to treat the organ with clean water at room temperature.

It happens that the edge of the prepuce is wrapped. To avoid the development of paraphimosis, it should be straightened.