Is there pure water in nature? Interesting facts about water. Water in nature There are several types of water cycles in nature.
Have you ever drunk completely pure water? It is safe to say that not only have you not drunk it, but you have never seen it. Look inside an empty samovar that has served you for many years. The walls of the samovar are covered with a gray or yellowish crust. Where did she come from? After all, apart from clean water, nothing was poured into the samovar.
That's just the point, that not pure water was poured. There is no pure water in nature. If it is formed somewhere, it is not for a very long time: water is a good solvent. In contact with other substances, it dissolves them and travels everywhere with them, picking up new substances along the way or dissolving some and isolating others.
Getting perfectly clean water is a very difficult task. Only scientists in their laboratories sometimes receive such water, and even then in very small quantities.
Of all natural waters, the cleanest is rainwater. But rainwater is not completely pure either. The fact is that the condensation of water vapor in the atmosphere occurs mainly on dust particles wetted by water, on salt crystals that enter the air during the evaporation of sea wave spray, on some salts formed in the air itself under the action of sunlight and lightning discharges. Thus, a newly formed raindrop or snowflake is no longer pure. If you collect a little rainwater or melt the snow that has just fallen, then after settling at the bottom you can always see a solid sediment. These are the dust particles brought by water from the atmosphere. After evaporation of one liter of rainwater collected even in the mountains, far from settlements, about four hundredths of a gram of dry residue is obtained. The composition of this residue varies. It contains salts of sea water, and ammonium nitrate, and other compounds. If rainwater was collected in the factory area, then it also contains those substances that enter the air from ventilation installations and chimneys of factories and factories.
But not only solid substances are dissolved in rainwater. It also dissolves gases, such as air.
The higher the temperature, the less dissolved gases the water contains. More than 30 cubic centimeters of air are dissolved in one liter of rainwater at 4 degrees, and about 25 cubic centimeters at 15 degrees.
Different gases dissolve in water in different quantities: some more, others less. If you collect air that is dissolved in water, it turns out that its composition is different than in the atmosphere. It is enriched with oxygen. Atmospheric air contains 78 percent nitrogen and 21 percent oxygen by volume, while air extracted from water contains 63 percent nitrogen and 36 percent oxygen. This increased oxygen content in the water is very important for the inhabitants of the reservoirs.
The presence of oxygen in water also has a negative value. Oxygen has a harmful effect on metals in contact with water, contributing to their destruction. An active helper of oxygen in this sense is also carbon dioxide, which dissolves very well in water.
The most salt-rich natural water is sea water. It contains more than fifty different chemical elements. Ocean water is the most constant in composition. One liter of it contains 33 to 39 grams of dissolved solids, including about 24 grams of table salt. The water of the Black Sea is twice as poor in salts - it is diluted with a large amount of fresh water brought by the Kuban, Dnieper, Bug, Danube and other rivers. The waters of some inland seas are especially rich in salts - seas that do not communicate with the oceans. In the Dead Sea, for example, about 200 grams of table salt is dissolved in each liter of water.
The waters of rivers, streams, lakes, as well as springs occupy a middle position between sea and rain water and are distinguished by exceptionally great diversity both in composition and in the amount of substances dissolved in them.
The waters of rivers and lakes, coming into contact with various rocks, extract certain constituents from them and carry them away either in dissolved form or in the form of suspended particles.
Water that contains few dissolved salts is called soft water. The more minerals dissolved in water, the higher its hardness. Distinguish between temporary and permanent hardness. Temporary hardness is caused by the presence of bicarbonate salts of calcium, magnesium, and iron metals in water. These salts can be easily removed from water: when boiled, they turn into insoluble carbonic salts and precipitate). Permanent hardness is associated with the presence in the water of sulfate and chloride salts of calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium, which do not precipitate from the water during boiling. Chloride and sulfate salts of magnesium are especially harmful: at high temperatures they decompose with water and release hydrochloric and sulfuric acids.
The composition of river and lake waters is constantly changing from the addition of rainwater to them, from the vital activity of plant and animal organisms in the water itself.
The composition of river water often also changes from random circumstances, for example, from the descent into the river of sewage from cities and industrial waste from factories and plants.
When one liter of water taken from the Neva evaporates, about 0.055 grams of sediment remains, from the Dnieper - 0.071, and from the Thames - 0.301 grams.
During spring floods, many more suspended particles are added to the substances dissolved in the waters of rivers and lakes, captured mainly from the soil and making the water cloudy.
Mountain rivers in their swift flow sometimes carry away huge amounts of solid particles. Such, for example, are the tributaries of the Amu Darya, which carry a mass of sand from the Pamirs and the Gissar Range. The Amu Darya itself also strongly erodes its banks. Each liter of its water contains about 0.5 grams of dissolved salts, and there are so many suspended particles that if they all reached the Aral Sea, they would have filled its basin long ago. But this did not happen: leaving the mountains to the plain, Amu-Daria slows down the current and deposits silt and sand on its way. After a flood, a layer of sediments 20 centimeters thick often remains in the floodplain of the Amu Darya.
River silt contains a lot of organic residues, and therefore it serves as an excellent fertilizer for fields. Sand and other large sediment particles are another matter. They are harmful not only to fields, but also to hydraulic structures on rivers. Sediments clog locks, deposit near dams, and may fill a reservoir in front of a dam. Therefore, special flushing devices are arranged near dams to discharge river sediments. Sediments can also clog the water channel. To prevent this from happening, the water is freed from large particles in special settling tanks before it enters the irrigation facility; silt valuable for plants remains in the water and goes through the channels to the fields.
Settling in the very channel of the river in places with a calm current, sediments form shoals and rifts. To maintain the depth of the rivers sufficient for navigation, it is necessary to carry out large dredging works every year. In 1939 alone, when clearing the fairways (the fairway is the way for the safe passage of ships), more than 80 million cubic meters of sediment were removed from the bottom of our rivers.
Peptides, or short proteins, are found in many foods - meat, fish, and some plants. When we eat a piece of meat, the protein is broken down during digestion into short peptides; they are absorbed into the stomach, small intestine, enter the blood, cells, then into DNA and regulate the activity of genes.It is advisable to periodically use the listed drugs for all people after 40 years for prevention 1-2 times a year, after 50 years - 2-3 times a year. Other drugs - as needed.
How to take peptides
Since the restoration of the functional ability of cells occurs gradually and depends on the level of their existing damage, the effect can occur both 1-2 weeks after the start of taking peptides, and 1-2 months later. It is recommended to conduct a course within 1-3 months. It is important to take into account that a three-month intake of natural peptide bioregulators has a prolonged effect, i.e. works in the body for another 2-3 months. The effect obtained lasts for six months, and each subsequent course of administration has a potentiating effect, i.e. amplification effect already obtained.Since each peptide bioregulator has a focus on a specific organ and does not affect other organs and tissues in any way, the simultaneous administration of drugs with different effects is not only not contraindicated, but is often recommended (up to 6-7 drugs at the same time).
Peptides are compatible with any drugs and biological supplements. Against the background of taking peptides, it is advisable to gradually reduce the doses of simultaneously taken drugs, which will positively affect the patient's body.
Short regulatory peptides do not undergo transformation in the gastrointestinal tract, so they can be safely, easily and simply used in encapsulated form by almost everyone.
Peptides in the gastrointestinal tract decompose to di- and tri-peptides. Further breakdown to amino acids occurs in the intestine. This means that peptides can be taken even without a capsule. This is very important when a person for some reason cannot swallow capsules. The same applies to severely weakened people or children, when the dosage needs to be reduced.
Peptide bioregulators can be taken both prophylactically and therapeutically.
Efficiency natural(PC) 2-2.5 times lower than encapsulated. Therefore, their intake for medicinal purposes should be longer (up to six months). Liquid peptide complexes are applied to the inner surface of the forearm in the projection of the course of the veins or on the wrist and rubbed until completely absorbed. After 7-15 minutes, the peptides bind to dendritic cells, which carry out their further transport to the lymph nodes, where the peptides make a "transplant" and are sent with the blood flow to the desired organs and tissues. Although peptides are protein substances, their molecular weight is much smaller than that of proteins, so they easily penetrate the skin. The penetration of peptide preparations is further improved by their lipophilization, that is, the connection with a fatty base, which is why almost all peptide complexes for external use contain fatty acids.
Not so long ago, the world's first series of peptide drugs appeared for sublingual use—
A fundamentally new method of application and the presence of a number of peptides in each of the preparations provide them with the fastest and most effective action. This drug, getting into the sublingual space with a dense network of capillaries, is able to penetrate directly into the bloodstream, bypassing absorption through the mucosa of the digestive tract and metabolic primary deactivation of the liver. Taking into account direct entry into the systemic circulation, the rate of onset of the effect is several times higher than the rate when the drug is taken orally.
Revilab SL line- these are complex synthesized preparations containing 3-4 components of very short chains (2-3 amino acids each). In terms of peptide concentration, this is the average between encapsulated peptides and PC in solution. In terms of speed of action, it occupies a leading position, because. absorbed and hits the target very quickly.
It makes sense to introduce this line of peptides into the course at the initial stage, and then switch to natural peptides.
Another innovative series is a line of multicomponent peptide preparations. The line includes 9 preparations, each of which contains a range of short peptides, as well as antioxidants and building materials for cells. An ideal option for those who do not like to take many drugs, but prefer to get everything in one capsule.
The action of these new generation bioregulators is aimed at slowing down the aging process, maintaining a normal level of metabolic processes, preventing and correcting various conditions; rehabilitation after serious illnesses, injuries and operations.
Peptides in cosmetology
Peptides can be included not only in drugs, but also in other products. For example, Russian scientists have developed excellent cellular cosmetics with natural and synthesized peptides that affect the deep layers of the skin.External aging of the skin depends on many factors: lifestyle, stress, sunlight, mechanical stimuli, climatic fluctuations, dieting hobbies, etc. With age, the skin becomes dehydrated, loses its elasticity, becomes rough, and a network of wrinkles and deep grooves appears on it. We all know that the process of natural aging is natural and irreversible. It is impossible to resist it, but it can be slowed down thanks to the revolutionary ingredients of cosmetology - low molecular weight peptides.
The uniqueness of peptides lies in the fact that they freely pass through the stratum corneum into the dermis to the level of living cells and capillaries. Restoration of the skin goes deep from the inside and, as a result, the skin retains its freshness for a long time. There is no addiction to peptide cosmetics - even if you stop using it, the skin will simply age physiologically.
Cosmetic giants create more and more "miraculous" means. We trustfully buy, use, but a miracle does not happen. We blindly believe the inscriptions on the banks, not suspecting that this is often just a marketing ploy.
For example, most cosmetic companies are in full production and advertising anti-wrinkle creams with collagen as the main ingredient. Meanwhile, scientists have come to the conclusion that collagen molecules are so large that they simply cannot penetrate the skin. They settle on the surface of the epidermis, and then washed off with water. That is, when buying creams with collagen, we are literally throwing money down the drain.
As another popular active ingredient in anti-aging cosmetics, it is used resveratrol. It really is a powerful antioxidant and immunostimulant, but only in the form of microinjections. If you rub it into the skin, a miracle will not happen. It has been experimentally proven that creams with resveratrol practically do not affect the production of collagen.
NPCRIZ (now Peptides), in collaboration with scientists from the St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, has developed a unique peptide series of cellular cosmetics (based on natural peptides) and a series (based on synthesized peptides).
They are based on a group of peptide complexes with different application points that have a powerful and visible rejuvenating effect on the skin. As a result of application, skin cell regeneration, blood circulation and microcirculation are stimulated, as well as the synthesis of collagen-elastin skin skeleton. All this manifests itself in lifting, as well as improving the texture, color and moisture of the skin.
Currently, 16 types of creams have been developed, incl. rejuvenating and for problematic skin (with thymus peptides), for the face against wrinkles and for the body against stretch marks and scars (with bone and cartilage tissue peptides), against spider veins (with vascular peptides), anti-cellulite (with liver peptides), for eyelids from edema and dark circles (with peptides of the pancreas, blood vessels, bone and cartilage tissue and thymus), against varicose veins (with peptides of blood vessels and bone and cartilage tissue), etc. All creams, in addition to peptide complexes, contain other powerful active ingredients. It is important that the creams do not contain chemical components (preservatives, etc.).
The effectiveness of peptides has been proven in numerous experimental and clinical studies. Of course, to look beautiful, some creams are not enough. You need to rejuvenate your body from the inside, using from time to time various complexes of peptide bioregulators and micronutrients.
The line of cosmetic products with peptides, in addition to creams, also includes shampoo, mask and hair balm, decorative cosmetics, tonics, serums for the skin of the face, neck and décolleté, etc.
It should also be borne in mind that the appearance is significantly affected by the sugar consumed.
Through a process called glycation, sugar is destructive to the skin. Excess sugar increases the rate of collagen degradation, leading to wrinkles.
Glycation - the interaction of sugars with proteins, primarily collagen, with the formation of cross-links - is a natural for our body, permanent irreversible process in our body and skin, leading to hardening of connective tissue.
Glycation products - A.G.E particles. (Advanced Glycation Endproducts) - settle in cells, accumulate in our body and lead to many negative effects.
As a result of glycation, the skin loses its tone and becomes dull, it sags and looks old. This is directly related to lifestyle: reduce your intake of sugar and flour (which is good for normal weight) and take care of your skin every day!
To counter glycation, inhibit protein degradation and age-related skin changes, the company has developed an anti-aging drug with a powerful deglycing and antioxidant effect. The action of this product is based on stimulating the deglycation process, which affects the deep processes of skin aging and helps to smooth out wrinkles and increase its elasticity. The drug includes a powerful complex to combat glycation - rosemary extract, carnosine, taurine, astaxanthin and alpha-lipoic acid.
Peptides - a panacea for old age?
According to the creator of peptide drugs V. Khavinson, aging largely depends on lifestyle: “No drugs will save if a person does not have a set of knowledge and the right behavior - this is the observance of biorhythms, proper nutrition, physical education and the intake of certain bioregulators.” As for the genetic predisposition to aging, according to him, we depend on genes by only 25 percent.The scientist claims that peptide complexes have a huge reduction potential. But to elevate them to the rank of panacea, to attribute non-existent properties to peptides (most likely for commercial reasons) is categorically wrong!
Taking care of your health today means giving yourself a chance to live tomorrow. We ourselves must improve our lifestyle - play sports, give up bad habits, eat better. And of course, to the extent possible, use peptide bioregulators that help maintain health and increase life expectancy.
Peptide bioregulators, developed by Russian scientists several decades ago, became available to the general public only in 2010. Gradually, more and more people around the world learn about them. The secret to maintaining the health and youthfulness of many famous politicians, artists, scientists lies in the use of peptides. Here are just a few of them:
UAE Minister of Energy Sheikh Saeed,
President of Belarus Lukashenko,
Former President of Kazakhstan Nazarbayev,
King of Thailand
pilot-cosmonaut G.M. Grechko and his wife L.K. Grechko,
artists: V. Leontiev, E. Stepanenko and E. Petrosyan, L. Izmailov, T. Povaliy, I. Kornelyuk, I. Viner (rhythmic gymnastics coach) and many, many others...
Peptide bioregulators are used by athletes of 2 Russian Olympic teams - in rhythmic gymnastics and rowing. The use of drugs allows us to increase the stress resistance of our gymnasts and contributes to the success of the national team at international championships.
If in youth we can afford to do health prevention periodically, when we want, then with age, unfortunately, we do not have such a luxury. And if you don’t want to be in such a state tomorrow that your loved ones will be exhausted with you and will wait impatiently for your death, if you don’t want to die among strangers, because you don’t remember anything and everything around you seems to be strangers in fact, you should take action from today and take care not so much about themselves as about their loved ones.
The Bible says, "Seek and you will find." Perhaps you have found your own way of healing and rejuvenation.
Everything is in our hands, and only we can take care of ourselves. No one will do this for us!
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Water is the source of life on Earth. It was in the ocean that living cells appeared. The human body is 80% water, so it cannot live without it. It is this life-giving moisture that helps the existence of all plant and animal organisms. In addition, water is the most amazing substance on Earth. Only it can exist in those states: liquid, solid and gaseous. And even in its usual form, it is also diverse.
Few people on Earth know what water is. But without differing from each other externally, its different types have special properties. Being the most common substance on Earth, it is found in every corner of it in its various manifestations.
What types of water are
This liquid can be classified according to different criteria. Water can be different depending on its place of origin, composition, degree of purification and application.
1. Types of water by its location in nature:
Atmospheric - these are clouds, steam and precipitation;
Water of natural sources - river, sea, spring, thermal and others.
2. Types of water in relation to the surface:
There is completely purified water - distilled;
If the content of biologically active minerals and microelements is increased in it, it is called mineral.
4. What is the water according to the degree of its purification:
Distilled is the purest, but not fit for human consumption;
Drinking water is a useful liquid from wells and;
Tap water enters houses from various reservoirs after the cleaning procedure, but often does not meet hygienic standards, therefore it is considered household;
Filtered water is ordinary tap water passed through various filters;
There are still polluted in the process of human life.
5. Sometimes people treat water in various ways for medicinal purposes. You get the following types:
Ionized;
Magnetic;
Silicon;
Shungite;
Enriched with oxygen.
Drinking water
The types of liquid that a person consumes are very diverse. In ancient times, people drank water from any fresh natural source - a river, lake or spring. But in the last century, due to economic activity, they have become polluted. And a person is not only looking for new sources of clean drinking water, but also comes up with ways to purify the dirty one. So far, many deep-lying and artesian sources have not been polluted, but this life-giving moisture is not available to everyone. The majority use ordinary well or tap water, the quality of which is often very low. It can contain various impurities, bacteria and even dangerous chemicals. Therefore, it is better to purify drinking water in any convenient way.
Drinking water purification methods
1. Filtration can be mechanical, chemical or electromagnetic. The most commonly used carbon filters, they are the cheapest and easiest to use. During filtration, water is freed from impurities of sand, metal salts and most bacteria.
2. Boiling is used most often to disinfect water. It will not protect against impurities. Therefore, it is recommended to stand the water for a day before boiling and not to use the sediment.
3. In recent years, water purification using various substances has become widespread: shungite, silicon, silver and others. So it not only disinfects, but also acquires healing properties.
Mineral water
For a long time, people discovered springs, the liquid in which has various healing properties. After examining such water, people found out that the content of various minerals and trace elements was increased in it. They called it mineral. Sanatoriums and medical institutions were built near such sources. Often people drink it just like that, not knowing that it is different in composition and action. What is mineral water?
The dining room contains a small amount of mineral salts. It can be used as a regular drink, without restrictions. The degree of its mineralization is up to 1.2 g/l. Many people drink it constantly, not suspecting that it is a mineral.
Table-medicinal can also be used without restrictions, if the degree of its mineralization does not exceed 2.5 g / l. If it is higher, then you can drink it no more than 2 glasses a day. Such mineral waters as "Narzan", "Borjomi", "Essentuki", "Novoterskaya" and others are very popular.
Medicinal mineral water can only be used as prescribed by a doctor, because its different composition affects the body in different ways and helps with certain diseases. There are also many contraindications to its use. And if the degree of mineralization of such water exceeds 12 g / l, then it can only be used externally.
What is thermal water
If, before reaching the surface, groundwater passes through hot volcanic layers, they are heated and saturated with useful minerals. After that, they acquire healing properties known to people since antiquity. In recent years, thermal water has been increasingly used for treatment and recovery. Its types are not very diverse, it is mainly divided by temperature.
Hospitals have been built near many thermal waters. The most famous of them are the Karlovy Vary resort, as well as springs in Iceland and Kamchatka.
healing fluid
Speaking about what kind of water is, it is impossible not to mention those types of it that magically heal many diseases. From time immemorial, in many nations there have been legends about living and in recent years, scientists have found out that it really exists, and even obtained such a liquid using special electrodes. Positively charged water is called dead water and tastes sour. It has disinfecting properties. If water is charged with negative ions, it will acquire an alkaline taste and healing qualities. Such water was called living. In addition, the liquid acquires healing properties when exposed to a magnetic field, immersed in silicon minerals or shungite.
Not all people know what water is. Unfortunately, many of them do not even suspect that this life-giving moisture can cure them of many diseases.
A person is confident in his beliefs that when buying water in a store, he drinks absolutely pure water. And this is not true, since its mineral composition cannot be zero. In most cases, drinking water manufacturers declare their product under the first quality category. Brands of the highest category earn a high reputation, but even there the salt concentration is up to 500 mg / l. To obtain such a product, a process of cleaning it from mechanical impurities, substances of organic and inorganic origin, as well as bringing bacteriological indicators of water to standards is required. What can we say about water boiled in a kettle. All the scale is formed on its walls, a precipitate falls out, which we can accidentally use with tea. It is impossible to solve the problem of water pollution by ordinary boiling, it is not able to purify it from impurities of heavy metals, pesticides, nitrates, iron salts, mercury, cadmium and other substances.
Chemically pure water in its concept is a substance that does not contain impurities. Unfortunately, such water does not exist in nature. As we said earlier, water is an excellent solvent, it perfectly dissolves various substances in itself. To this day, no one has been able to obtain chemically pure water. A little about the experiment conducted by the German chemist V.F. Kohlrausch. Surely each of us has heard about “distillation”, met with the concept of “distilled water”, which by its nature is close to pure, but it cannot be called absolutely pure. Distillation of water is carried out by boiling it until steam is formed, which is subsequently condensed in another vessel. Such water will be called distilled. In his experiment, the German scientist subjected water to 42 distillation cycles. The main indicator for determining the purity of water is electrical conductivity (electrical conductivity) - its ability to conduct electric current. So, according to the results of the experiment, this indicator turned out to be 100 times higher than that of mono-distilled (1 distillation cycle) water. Distilled water immediately dissolves the gases of the earth's atmosphere and particles of the walls of the vessel. Water also contains its own impurities: at ordinary temperature, out of every billion water molecules, two ions are formed - H + and OH -, the first of which immediately joins the second, forming the hydroxonium ion H3O.
Distilled water is isolated not only from polluted substances, but also from mineral salts useful for our body. Therefore, it is used to a greater extent in medicine for the production of medicines, pharmaceuticals, the perfumery and cosmetics industry, and other areas.
WATER IS A LIVING SUBSTANCE
rev. from 05.07.2013
Water! Primordial, primeval and fundamental is the function of water, so the question arises as to which came first, life or water. Thales of Miletus (640-546 BC) described water as the only true element from which all other bodies are made, believing that it is the original essence of the cosmos.
This view was also firmly held by Viktor Schauberger, who viewed water as an "original" substance, formed by subtle energies brought to life through the "original" movement of the Earth, which itself manifests itself with an even greater lifting force. Being the offspring or "firstborn" of these energies, he claimed and often repeated that "Water is a living substance!" life processes and the main sponsor that has created the conditions that make life possible.And not only that.As mature, water is endowed with the power of extraordinary behavior, giving itself to all things living in the Great plan of the Higher Creative Intelligence (Cosmic Intelligence).It is the devoted messenger of life of the Higher of the Creative Mind and, in its eternal cycles, coils and whirlwinds in the natural movement along the path of development of evolution, like a snake on the staff (caduceus) of Mercury.
Water is a supporter of the cycles that sustain all Life. In every drop of Water lives a deity, whom we all serve, Life also lives there, the soul of the “first” substance - Water - whose dwelling is between the walls of the vessels and capillaries that lead it and in which it circulates.
Water is the essence in which there is life and death. When processed incorrectly, ignorantly, it becomes sick, transmitting this state to all other organisms, vegetation, animals and people, as a result of which their physical decay and death is possible, and in the case of human beings, their moral, mental and spiritual decay. Only with this understanding can we see how important it is that water should be treated and stored in such a way as to avoid such catastrophic consequences. When we are not able to feel and perceive water as a living being that enriches all life, we lock up - limit the creative cycles of water, we stop life inside it, and water turns into a dangerous and unforgiving enemy (killer).
Viktor Schauberger understood water and what he achieved as a result can be clearly seen in this quote from his book, "Our Senseless Labor", written in 1933:
"" It is possible to control water flows at any distance without changing the banks; to transport wood and other materials, even if they are heavier than water, such as ore, stones, etc., in the center of such water flows, increase the buoyancy of groundwater in rural areas, and endow the water with all the necessary elements necessary for good and fast vegetation growth. In addition, wood and other similar materials can be treated in this way, making it resistant to burning and decay; to obtain drinking and mineral water for humans, animals and soil of any desired composition and to produce artificially in the way that occurs in nature; raise water in a vertical pipe without the use of pumps; produce any amount of electricity and radiant energy at almost no cost, improve the quality of the soil and heal cancer, tuberculosis and nervous disorders. ... The practical realization of this ... without a doubt, means a complete reorientation in all areas of science and technology. By applying these newly found laws, I have already built sufficiently large installations in the fields of timber descent and river regulation, which have been known to function flawlessly for decades, and which today still present unsolvable puzzles for various scientific disciplines.
But before we continue, let's get to know some of the more well-known facts about water. First of all, where did the water come from? Obviously, it could not come from the upper atmosphere, since water molecules are separated at high altitudes. Where else can we look? If not up, then possibly down, because the atmosphere doesn't seem right for it to form. If lower, where? Could it be contained in a crystalline state in the ore-bearing rocks of the Earth? There is some evidence of where it came from.
In The Prophecy of the Hand, Christopher Beard describes the pioneering theories and discoveries of Stefan Riess in the United States which, like the discoveries of Viktor Schauberger, completely contradict established hydraulic theory. According to Stefan Riess, under certain conditions, the oxygen and hydrogen gases present in certain types of rock could be released due to the effects of geothermal heat and a related process of triboluminescence (triboluminescence - luminescence that occurs when crystalline bodies break down). The causes of triboluminescence are various. In some cases, it is explained by the excitation of photoluminescence by electric discharges that occur during the splitting of a crystalline body, in other cases, it is caused by the movement of dislocations during deformation. For example, when cracking a sugar crystal, a beautiful bluish flash is obtained), a phenomenon associated with the light emitted by crystalline rocks during friction or strong pressure. This glow is due to the energy released by the electrons contained in the rocks as they return from the forced pressure, excited state, back to their natural orbits. The discharge they give to the surrounding matter may be sufficient to release and release hydrogen and oxygen to form new water in a cold oxidation process.
Riess called this water - virgin water, and as a result of this knowledge he was able to obtain, directly from the formation of the correct composition of solid rock, a very large amount of water, in some cases up to 3,000 gallons per minute. All this is right in the desert, where there is no water, and there was nowhere to get it from. Unfortunately, his efforts to provide areas in need with large, plentiful amounts of excellent quality fresh water were sabotaged. As happened with Viktor Schauberger, Riesz's ideas were slandered and brought into disrepute through the rude activities of certain senior officials in the state of California whose interests were threatened by Riesz's discovery.
As a liquid, water is a chemical element and is described as H 2 O and is a dipole molecule composed of two hydrogen atoms each endowed with a positive charge and one oxygen atom containing two negative charges. Due to the distribution of charges around the nucleus, the angle between the two hydrogen atoms is 104.35°, as shown in the upper right inset in the figure.
According to Kenneth S. Davies and John Arthur Day, pure water is actually a mixture of 18 different compounds and 15 different kinds of ions, for a total of 33 different substances.
In its purest form, being a compound of the two gases hydrogen and oxygen, water can technically be described as hydrogen oxide. Water is not a separate, isolated substance, it has other characteristics and features depending on the environment or organism in which it lives and moves. Moving like a molecule, water has an extraordinary ability to combine and combine with more elements and compounds than any other molecule and is sometimes described as a universal solvent. It can become the basis for a close combination, a mixture of substances that Victor calls an "emulsion". "The more complex the composition of trilateral elements, dissolved or suspended in water, the more complex the emulsion and the wider the range of its properties. Carbon, its so-called inorganic colleagues, there is a similar ability, higher than all other elements.On the physical level, water can be in three states of aggregation: solid (ice), liquid (water) and gaseous (water vapor).And from the point of view of its structure, as liquid, it tends towards a more crystalline state as it constantly forms and re-forms knots of temporal crystallization having a spatial lattice structure such as shown in the figure taken from the homeopathic study of water by Dr. Gerhard Resch and Prof. Victor Gutmann.
ANOMAL POINT OF WATER
The anomalous expansion of water is a factor of great importance, since the behavior of water is different from all other liquids. While all other liquids become consistently and steadily denser as they cool, water reaches its densest state at +4°C. This is the so-called "anomalous point", which is the decisive point of her potential and has a great influence on her qualities. Below this temperature, it expands again. At +4°C, water has a density of 0.99996 g/cm³), has the smallest spatial volume and is practically incompressible.
Plus +4°C also shows the temperature at which water has the highest energy intensity and in what Schauberger called the state of "indifference". In other words, when she is in the highest natural state of health, vitality and life-giving potential, in an internal state of energy equilibrium, in a thermal and spatially neutral state. In order to protect the water's health, energy and vitality, certain precautions must be taken, which will be discussed later. For now, it is important to understand that +4°C is an anomalous point that is crucial for the various functions of water. Schauberger's temperature gradient theories and their implementation will be discussed in the next section. If the water temperature rises above +4°C, it also expands. Abnormal expansion below +4°C is vital to the survival of fish, as the water expands and cools, eventually crystallizing into ice at 0°C, providing a floating insulating layer that protects aquatic life underwater from harmful exposure to external conditions in cold winters. The specific gravity of water at +0°C is 0.99984 g/cm³, while the specific gravity of ice at the same temperature is 0.9168 g/cm³. That is why ice floats.
DIELECTRIC AND ELECTROLYSIS
Pure water has a high dielectric value, namely the ability to resist the transfer of electrical charge. As taught in all schools and universities, electrolysis is supposedly the process by which water is broken down into its constituent hydrogen and oxygen atoms. However, we can learn from Schauberger's work that pure water will not transmit electrical current, and this factor is used to estimate water pollution using so-called electrical conductivity units. The greater the content of dissolved and suspended substances in water, the greater its ability to transmit electric current and the higher the values of the registered values.
In order to observe the electrolysis process and its movement, it is necessary to add a little acid, such as sulfuric acid - H 2 SO 4 , to distilled water. This is why acids are called "catalysts". Catalyst - an element or substance that contributes to the start of a given reaction, but does not itself participate or change in any way in the reaction itself. This can be learned from any physics textbook. From time to time, if the electrolysis is to continue, acid must be added, otherwise the process will stop and all that is left will be water. What happened to her?
During the electrolysis process, oxygen and hydrogen are released, and negatively charged hydrogen ions migrate towards the positive electrode, and positively charged oxygen ions towards the negative electrode. Are these gases really coming out of the water, or are they coming from the added acid? Sulfuric acid is formed from 2 hydrogen atoms, 1 sulfur atom and 4 oxygen atoms. If these gases are in fact produced by the decomposition of acid and not water, then the whole process of electrolysis is now taught to be a widespread fraud, as Schauberger argued in his article "Electrolysis".
Whether hydrogen and oxygen cease to exist when they combine in water is still a moot point. On the one hand, it is argued that since they are together when the water decomposes, they must be there all the time, others argue that they actually turn into something else, into something completely different, as if independent elements, but neither side is able to formulate the slightest conception of the real state of things. It seems that water retains its identity during electrolysis (a mixture of water and acid), and once the process is complete, all that is left is water again.
The next feature of water is its high heat capacity and thermal conductivity, namely the ability and speed with which it absorbs and gives off heat. This means that the absorption or release of thermal energy is bound to cause changes in density and temperature. The lowest point on the curve for the heat capacity of water is +37.5°C(see pic above). It is noteworthy that the decrease in the heat capacity of this "inorganic" substance is at around 0.5 ° C above the normal (+37 ° C) human blood temperature - at which the largest amount of heat or cold can change the temperature (thermal conductivity) of water. This ability of water to resist rapid thermal change allows us, with 90% water in our blood, and many other animals and creatures, to survive a relatively large range of temperature fluctuations while still maintaining our own core body temperature. Accident or coincidence? Therefore, we say - symbiosis (Greek symbiosis - cohabitation)! If our blood in the body had a low heat capacity, it would begin to heat up much faster to a certain point where we would begin to decompose, or freeze if we were exposed to low temperatures (the sun heated the body, the blood boiled and boiled the body, or ferry; the north wind blew, the blood froze, it remained to stand the body until spring on the street).
Note that in our mechanical world we tend to think of temperature in rough terms (car engines run at 1,000°C, many industrial processes also use very high temperatures), even though we start to feel unhealthy if our temperature rises. only 0.5°C. We do not see and do not understand that not mechanical but organic life is based on very subtle differences in temperature. When our body temperature is +37°C we don't have a "temperature" as such. We are healthy and, referring to Schauberger's opinion, we are in an "indifferent" state. Water in all its forms and qualities is the mediator of all life and deserves our highest respect.
Water and its vital interaction with the forest was the main concern of Viktor Schauberger when he considered water as the "blood" of Mother Earth, which, contrary to the theory of Karl Riess mentioned earlier, was born in the depths of high forests. This issue will be explored in more detail later. Our mechanical, materialistic and extremely superficial view of things does not allow us to consider water in any other way than as inorganic, that is, lifeless, which, nevertheless, miraculously creates life in all its forms.
Life is movement and is personified by a water stream in constant movement and transformation, an external and internal manifestation. Flowing water, sap and blood, this life molecule is the creator of many forms of life on this planet. Sterile distilled water - H 2 O, as currently accepted by science, is a poison to all living things. H 2 O or "underdeveloped water" is devoid of any so-called "impurities". It does not have a developed character and quality. As a young, immature, growing being, she captures like a child, remembering everything within reach. Water absorbs the characteristics and properties of everything it comes into contact with or has dissolved into itself in order to mature. By absorbing "impurities", water takes the form of trace elements, minerals, salts and even smells! If we drank distilled H 2 O constantly, it would quickly dissolve in itself (absorb the missing elements) all the minerals and trace elements stored in us, depleting their reserves, and ultimately killing us. Like a growing child, immature water absorbs everything and does not give it away. Only when it matures, i.e., is appropriately enriched with raw materials (microelements), is it able to freely give everything from itself that will allow the rest of life to develop.
WATER QUALITY
But how does this wonderful, colorless liquid, tasteless and odorless, perfectly quench thirst like no other liquid? Besides actually purifying the water, some types of water are more drinkable than others.
Distilled water
This is what is considered to be a physically and chemically pure type of water. Having no other characteristics, only sterile purity, it is programmed and will combine and acquire, extract or attract to itself all substances, it must become mature and therefore absorb and grasp everything within its reach. This water is really very dangerous. if you drink it continuously for a long time. When drinking distilled water (Aqua destillata), it acts as a laxative, depriving the body of minerals and elements. In some cases, it can be used for a short-term therapeutic effect, for example, in the so-called "Kneip treatment - water doctor". The most important thing “according to Kneipp” is to follow simple rules in life: eat healthy food, go to bed earlier and wake up earlier, move a lot and not be afraid of cold water, walk barefoot in the morning dew, on wet stones, use douches and wraps, various baths, cold and contrast showers, where it acts to cleanse the body of excessive deposits from various materials.
Atmospheric water - rain water
Although the purest natural water available, polluted by harmful substances in the atmosphere, weather or rain water is also undrinkable at all times. It is marginally better than distilled water and slightly richer in minerals due to the absorption of atmospheric gases and dust particles. As a living organism, she is still in her teens, still immature, and must go through a certain process of maturation in order to be able to be absorbed by the body and be useful to it. When drinking snowmelt water, it also gives rise to certain deficiencies, and if other water is not available, it can lead to goiter, enlargement of the thyroid gland.
unripe water
Unripe water, again, unripe water, is water rising from the ground. It has not matured properly by passing through the earth. It arises, perhaps in the form of geysers, from a rather long way down. It has not yet decided to rebuild itself into mature structures and is therefore still immature. It contains several useful minerals, some trace elements and only a small amount of dissolved carbon atoms, but again, it is not suitable as drinking water, not of a very high class.
Surface water
Surface water - dams, reservoirs - contains some minerals and salts accumulated from contact with the soil as well as from the atmosphere, but generally speaking, it is not of very good quality, partly due to atmospheric exposure to heavy oxygenation (oxygenation) and exposure to heat from Sun. Solar heat destroys most of the characteristics and energies of water.
ground water
Groundwater is already much better, often expressing itself as percolating filtered springs, the water of which seeps through the upper layers of the earth into the lower layers and which flows down the impermeable layer and exits as usual at the foot of mountains or hills. It has a high percentage of dissolved carbon, which is the most important element in high quality water apart from the admixture of other salts.
The purest spring water
The purest spring water, and we will explore the differences between seeping filtered spring and true spring later, very high content of dissolved carbon and minerals, and high quality. Its purest condition, which has effects on health and vitality, is confirmed by its shimmering bright bluish color, which is not observed in groundwater. Such water is ideal for drinking if it can be found. Unfortunately, there are currently very few high quality springs due to environmental destruction. In addition to the aforementioned waters, there is artesian water obtained from a well, which can be of unpredictable quality. At times it may be salty, at other times brackish, or fresh. You can never be sure that the water from the well will necessarily be of drinking quality. Good water probably lies between aquifers, groundwater, and seeped filtered water, but can most likely be compared and classified as groundwater. Also, it depends on how deep and good a layer of water is trapped, an aquifer or formation.
But what really saturates us? This question of interest to us, vital to all of us, which affects our lives, health and well-being so much, will be discussed below, because now we must pay attention to the temperature gradient that starts after the +4°C anomaly point, being the next most important factor in understanding water and its proper natural treatment.
TEMPERATURE GRADIENT
Apart from other factors (some of which cannot be quantified), covering aspects such as turbidity (opacity), impurities, and quality, the most important factor affecting the health and vigor of water is temperature.
Originating in the cool, dark cradle of the virgin forest, the water saturates and matures as it slowly rises from the depths. On her ascending path, she absorbs trace elements and beneficial minerals. Only when it is ripe, and not before, will it come out of the bowels of the Earth like a spring. As a true spring, in contrast to the seeped-filtered spring, the water temperature of this spring is about +4°C. Here, in the cool, diffused light of the forest, it begins its long, life-giving cycle as a sparkling, living, transparent stream, bubbling, gurgling, swirling and spiraling, moving like a river in a mountain gorge. In its natural spiraling self-cooling, swirling motion, water is able to maintain its internal vitality, health and purity. Thus, it acts as a conveyor, carrying all the necessary minerals, trace elements and other subtle energies into the environment.
Naturally, flowing water tends to flow in darkness or in the shade of a forest to avoid direct sunlight. Under these conditions, even when flowing through cascading waterfalls, the current will only rarely overflow its banks. Due to the correct natural movement, the faster it flows, the greater its throughput and self-cleaning capacity, and the more it deepens its course. This is due to the formation in the tortuous flow of longitudinal vortices, clockwise and counterclockwise, alternating spiral vortices with the central axis (vortex trunk) down, which constantly cool the water, maintaining it at a healthy temperature and maintaining a faster laminar ( swirling) spiral flow.
To protect itself from the harmful effects of excess heat, water shields itself from the sun with overhanging vegetation, as with increasing temperature and light, it begins to lose its vitality and health, its potential, and the ability to revitalize and give vitality to the environment through which it passes. . Eventually spilling into a wide river, the water becomes more turbid, the content of suspended microparticles precipitating increases silt, and when heated, its flow becomes more and more slow and sluggish.
However, even this turbidity plays an important role, because it protects the deep layers of water from the thermal radiation of the sun. The upper layers are denser than the cold lower layers, thereby maintaining the strength of the flow to move large sediments (pebbles, gravel, etc.) in the center of the water flow. Thus, the risk of flooding is minimized. The spiraling, swirling movement mentioned earlier eventually led Viktor Schauberger to develop his theory of "implosion", which creates conditions under which the growth of harmful bacteria is suppressed and the water remains disease-free, healthy and healthy.
The omission of temperature in the form of a "temperature gradient" in all hydraulic calculations has resulted in the most destructive flooding and death of almost all waterways. the gradient, which significantly affects the functions of all these factors, is still completely neglected in the fields of river engineering, water supply, water resources management and the state of water in general.
In addition to changes in its content of organic substances, minerals and salts, the so-called "impurities", water has always been considered a lifeless inorganic substance. Therefore, with the exception of certain specific water temperatures required for specific purposes, cooling, heating, etc., the temperature or temperature changes of any water or body of water are considered completely indifferent to the behavior of the water itself, since the measurable range of these changes has generally been estimated too slight to be able to have any noticeable effects. This attitude seems to remain unchanged.
Viktor Schauberger distinguishes temperature gradients in which there are two forms:
There is a positive temperature gradient;
a) when the water temperature decreases and its density increases towards the +4°C anomaly point, or;
b) when the density and temperature drop to freezing, lower in relation to +4°C.
c) when the ground or water temperature is colder than the air temperature.
There is a negative - temperature gradient;
d) when the temperature shifts, moves, from +4°C, either up or down, both of which mean a decrease in density and energy.
In the first figure, the direction of movement of these two temperature conditions is represented as two curves delimiting changes in volume and density as a function of temperature. Here you can see how the volume decreases with cooling, and the density increases, and vice versa when heated. Temperature movement towards the anomalous point +4°C always includes a positive temperature gradient, while movement in the opposite direction indicates a negative temperature gradient. Remember that here is a positive temperature, or what is (meaning temperature) in a given medium (air or water) is always flowing or transported to the cold.
In Nature, both forms of the temperature gradient are active at the same time, and are involved in evolution rather than transmission, so the positive temperature gradient must prevail. On both the ascending and descending paths, life arises as the intersection of these two "temperaments", each of which has different characteristics, properties, potential and opposite directions of movement or expansion.
The result of the interaction of these mutually opposite entities depends on the relative proportion between them, which also determines their points of intersection. For example, if a positive temperature gradient is very strong, then the effect of a mutually weaker negative temperature gradient is useful and promotes the birth of high quality substances in physical form. More mathematically, if the sum effect of two dialectical opposites is equal to unity, i.e. 1x1 = 1, then if one of the aspects is reduced to half, the value of the other will be equal to two. Despite the change in characteristics and properties, the total value of unity will not change, since 1/2x2=1.
And vice versa, if the roles and relationships are reversed and the negative temperature gradient dominates very strongly, then what is born as a material substance has a low value. For development and growth, in order to begin to improve quality, vitality and health, which form is the highest and at what level of reciprocity their interaction takes place is absolutely decisive, because this not only affects the movement of water, the movement of juices in plants and the flow of blood in our veins, as well as the configuration, structure and quality of the arteries and veins, channels, capillaries and surrounding vessels, and their direction, as will be seen later.
Depending on how the water flows, it acts in completely different ways depending on the temperature gradient, and the strength of the impact. When approaching +4°C, the effect of a positive temperature gradient is formed. It is a process that sustains emerging living systems, as in water it brings ionized substances together in close and productive contact because the oxygen it contains becomes passive and easily binds to cool carbon, thereby beneficially promoting healthy growth and development. At a distance from +4°C - a negative temperature gradient, a weakening function, with an increase in temperature, the structure of this organ becomes more weakly associated with energies. In this case, due to the rise in temperature, oxygen becomes more and more aggressive and changes its role as one of the creators and benefactors, turning into a destroyer and breadwinner of diseases and pathogens.
In all water of forests and other living organisms, the temperature gradient is in active, both positive and negative forms. The natural processes of synthesis and decay have their own characteristic role in the great production of Nature, but each of them must enter the stage of life at the appointed time. A positive temperature gradient, like temperature Type A - biomagnetism, must play a major role if creative evolution is to unfold. Unfortunately, with our short-sighted understanding of high-temperature production, and therefore destabilizing, weakening and degrading technologies, this sublime “essence” has been turned upside down and we are now reaping ever more amazing fruits of our misguided labor.
THE WATER CYCLE IN NATURE
As a first step towards the evolution of other life forms, the most vital function of water is its continuous, life-giving circular cycle above and below the earth. It is commonly called the "Hydrological Cycle" or "The Water Cycle in Nature" and includes the movement of water from the underground layers and the surface to the atmosphere and back. From the point of view of Viktor Schauberger's concept, we must distinguish between a full and a half hydrological cycle, the difference between not currently recognized by science.This difference is crucial to understanding what is currently happening to the climate around the world.
COMPLETE HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE
The figure shows the entire hydrological cycle. Here is a series of updrafts from the surface that has trees in a clockwise spiral, the left side shows the evaporation of water from the surface of the sea in a counterclockwise spiral. They rise, condense and fall out as rain. Part of the rain soaks into the ground, the other part flows down the surface of the earth, depending on whether the land is covered with forests or not, and what type of temperature gradient is active in this situation. In forested areas, where under natural conditions a positive temperature gradient usually prevails, the retention of fallen water is about 85%, of which about 15% is absorbed by vegetation and humus and approximately 70% goes into groundwater, aquifers and recharge the underground flow.
In a complete hydrological cycle, groundwater is recharged, water held by and through trees, evaporates through leaves and rises to form clouds. In this diagram, evaporation from the sea differs from evaporation rising from vegetation, spiraling clockwise, in contrast to evaporation from the surface of the sea, which spirals counterclockwise. This distinction was made because, in my opinion, the energies in the water vapor from the forest are qualitatively different from those that evaporate from the surface of the sea.
When water vapor rises from trees, it rises from a living being, not from bodies of water such as the sea or a lake. This does not mean that such a reservoir is dead, but that it is inhabited by many creatures that consume almost everything they produce, both materially and in terms of energy emanations, CO 2 , O 2 , etc. Therefore, in terms of evaporation from the forest, we can deal with forms of energies derived from a more dynamic life system that carries the characteristic imprint, traits, higher vibrational matrix of mineral and rare elements and resonances of living plants. These additional properties and energies are mostly of a non-material nature and are best explained in terms of homeopathic theory, in which the more dissolved the substance, the greater its effectiveness as a healing medium. So we digress for a moment to get to know him.
The complete hydrological cycle is characterized by the following phases:
- evaporation from oceans and evapotranspiration from vegetation;
- rising water vapor;
- cooling and compression:
- formation of clouds;
- precipitation in the form of rain;
- impregnates the base under a positive temperature gradient;
- recharge of ground water and aquifers;
- make-up and regulation of height, groundwater level;
- formation of the central vein +4°C in groundwater;
- creation of underground holding basins;
- passage through the central layer +4°C of groundwater;
- cleaning at this temperature;
- sinking into underground aquifers due to its own weight;
- transition to a vapor state due to the influence of the hot temperature of the Earth's soil;
- rises again to the surface of the earth with the simultaneous absorption of nutrients;
- water cooling and nutrient transfer;
- drainage on the surface of the earth;
- evaporation and cloud formation;
- falling again in the form of rain, and so on.
The publication of an article entitled "Human blood cells - degranulation of very sensitive basophils from very dilute anti-aIgE antiserum" on June 30, 1988, frightened the scientific world because the discovery described in the article could not be explained by the usual laws of physics.
The main ingredients of the experiment are basophils (jelly-like white blood cells and anti-immunoglobulin E - or algebra), and a staining dye, blue toluene, the use of which allows invisible basophils to be made visible. The substance acted on the cells in such a way that it stained the aIgE antibodies, which Michel Schiff calls "biological" for "paint stripping" or "erasing" to make them partially or completely invisible. This allowed the researchers to determine the extent to which reactions occurred with the basophils exposed to the antibody solution. According to Professor Benveniste, the reaction occurs even when the amount of antibodies is diluted to 1 part in 10,120 parts of distilled water, that is, diluted in a ratio of 1:1 + 119 zeros.
To give an idea of how huge the number is higher, astronomers estimate that the number of stars in the universe is about 10 to the power of 20, i.e. 1+19 zeros. In these experiments, one drop of the indicator is diluted in a homeopathic way, as up to 99 drops of distilled water are added to the "color indicator" (in this case algebra (algE)) . This mixture is then shaken up and down or "shaken" for about 30 seconds. 1 drop of this new mixture is diluted with another 99 drops of distilled water. This process is repeated 120 times. When the basophils were exposed to this extremely dilute solution, antibodies were detected, i.e. changes in their visibility. According to statistics, in accordance with classical physics and chemistry, after the 23rd dilution, in which 100 trillion. billion molecules of distilled water, adding aIgE antibody to each molecule is not possible. This refers to the so-called Avogadro constant, which determines the number of atoms or molecules in 1 mole of a substance. This number is in a ratio of 1:1 + 23 zeros, which with the above dilution of 1:1 + 119 zeros means that there are virtually no material residues of the original substance in the liquid.
Another experiment showed that after a "color indicator" tincture was diluted 37 times, it was just as effective as solutions that were diluted three times. Theoretical physicist Lynn Traynor of the University of Toronto, who carried out parallel experiments, put forward the proposition that these reactions may be the result of "physical" memory recorded in water.
What caused this effect? Why did the cells still react with such an over-astronomically dilute solution? Is it memory, as Lynn Traynor suggests? In a certain sense, memory can be interpreted as a phenomenon of resonance, energy imprint, image and quality characteristics of the original drug. Be that as it may, in my opinion, it is precisely for this reason that forest water evaporation has a higher quality of energy saturation than water evaporated from the sea. This discovery by Jacques Benveniste, like Stefan Riesz and Viktor Schauberger, was apparently seen as an unforgivable attack on the established doctrines of academics. As a result, Benveniste became both the target and the victim of much condemnation of orthodox science and medicine. Indeed, in October 1993 it was reported that he should be removed from the heads of immunopharmacology at INSERM. Besides his research unit, U-200, also due to close by the end of the year, Benveniste claimed he was the victim of "ideological repression". In the meantime, other independent laboratories worked on the subsequent verification of his results, confirming their apparent incontrovertibility, which gave Benveniste a certain international recognition and fame. Fearful of being labeled as a persecutor of Benveniste, the INSERM firm continued to pay him and his secretary their salaries, although they refused to fund further experiments.
Returning to the description of the complete hydrological cycle, water first evaporates from the seas and forests. The rising water vapor cools at altitude, condenses, forms clouds, combines into larger droplets and falls as rain. Precipitation falls when the two systems combine. In a dense forest, the temperature of the ground is colder than the falling rain, which seeps into the soil under the influence of a positive temperature gradient, that is, the temperature drops from air to ground to +4°C to the anomalous point of water in the central layer in groundwater. Having fallen on the cool ground, warm rainwater is easily absorbed by groundwater and aquifers fill underground water rivers. Rainwater can only penetrate under a positive temperature gradient.
The consequence of this is that the recharge and height of the groundwater is completely dependent, among other things, on the amount of water absorbed and the presence of a positive temperature gradient of rain. If you drop water on a hot pan, it will instantly evaporate, and if you drop warm water on cold water, the water will remain in the pan and seep into micro cracks.
Recall that the temperature of absolute zero is -273.15°C and that the temperature range in which we live is approximately -10°C to +40°C, any general change or shift downwards (toward absolute minus), became would have the most terrible consequences not only for our continued existence on this planet, but also for all other forms of life. Therefore, it is vital to our survival, and this temperature range is largely determined and regulated by the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. In addition, any activity we do that reduces the natural content of water vapor in the atmosphere must be prevented, because this inevitably reduces the overall temperature of the world. This can happen because there is no longer enough water to keep the set amount of heat. Although we have all the evidence, in the example of deserts, it seems that humanity will never know that the destruction of trees means the destruction of water. It is the forest cover that is responsible for fine-tuning the water vapor content in the atmosphere and creating the freshest water. Through continuous deforestation, we will gradually approach what we would call "baseline" water, provided only by the oceans, which raise the atmospheric water level to a certain extent, after being no longer supported by additional evaporation of the forest. Evaporation from the forest is what increases the total amount of water vapor both quantitatively and qualitatively, and at the same time raises the temperature of the environment enough for us to exist.
Unfortunately, these disturbing disturbances of natural cycles are already far advanced. Increasingly chaotic weather patterns are becoming more and more common, which is simply a legitimate consequence of the increasingly erratic and fragmented distribution of water vapor. In some areas, there are excessive concentrations resulting from excessive heat storage, rapid temperature rise, massive rainfall and flooding, while others have little to no water vapor at all, producing severe conditions, drought and premature local cooling (rapid cooling). The combined action of these processes should produce more and more frequent and violent storms as these two Temperature extremes collide violently together in the process of restoring Nature's balance.
HALF OF THE HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE
The half hydrological cycle is such a condition that currently prevails almost all over the world. The half hydrological cycle has the same basic format as the full cycle, but in this case the trees have been removed from the ground; note also that the heavy broken line representing the underground movement of groundwater is also absent. The type of fumes has changed, as they no longer rise from living beings but from the barren earth, and may well be a repository of destructive rather than constructive creative energy.
The half cycle, unlike the full cycle, has the following features:
- evaporation from the ocean;
- the rise of water vapor;
- cooling and condensation:
- formation of clouds;
- precipitation in the form of rain;
- no penetration of rain water due to the negative temperature gradient of the rain;
- fast runoff on the surface of the earth;
- no groundwater replenishment;
- lowering of ground waters;
- termination of the natural supply of nutrients to vegetation;
- Under certain conditions, major floods can occur (global flood);
- excessively rapid re-evaporation;
- excessive saturation of the atmosphere with water vapor;
- rapid precipitation like a storm rain. Therefore, one flood is replaced by the next, or no precipitation at all in the form of rain, and drought prevails.
Once the forest has been cut down, the unprotected land heats up quickly, especially if it is dry, there is a rapid and strong heating. A negative temperature gradient predominates in rain, as the temperature of the soil is generally warmer than the falling rain, in other words, there is heating from the clouds to the ground. If precipitation is excessive, then floods inevitably occur. We've all watched cold water sizzle as it hits a hot stove, quickly seething, hissing, and moving. The hot, dry surface of the earth has the same effect of making it impossible for rainwater to penetrate, and in many hot countries, devoid of vegetation and dry valleys of streams, is suddenly covered in a wall of downpours, like an instantaneous huge wave - a flood, washing away everything in its path. Since there are no more trees to absorb it, the surface water flows off immediately without being held up, spreading over a wide area, thereby increasing the rate of evaporation locally. This overloads the atmosphere with water vapor and flooding will either recur soon or rainfall will fall elsewhere, sometimes far from the original source of water vapor, and a devastating regional drought will follow. One flood generates the next, or accelerates the process of drought formation. Over the past few years, we have all witnessed increasingly catastrophic floods around the world, a process that, under modern conditions, is self-perpetuating. In December 1993, for example, a record flood on the Rhine triggered landslides not seen since 1743. This was repeated on an even larger and devastating scale in January 1995. Without replanting enough trees and plants; not only billions, but several hundreds of billions, we will be subject to relentless merciless cycles of drought-floods, flood-drought, in particular in the equatorial and warm temperate zones. There is only one solution and that is to reforest this planet on a massive scale now!!!
A further consequence of the half-cycle is the disappearance of groundwater, the supply of nutrients and microelements from below to vegetation is stopped. This is what Viktor Schauberger called a "biological short circuit", because without the rapid transfer of trace elements and nutrients from water to the atmosphere, in a half hydrological cycle, groundwater present in the upper zone, which usually rises to the level of trees to be available for other small plants, remains below and drains into the sinking groundwater. This decline to a level far beyond the reach of even deep-rooted trees draws all soil moisture and trace elements along with it. No water, no life, and the desert will reign supreme. Ground water, almost lost forever, disappears into the bowels of the Earth, where it originally came from.
Not only that, it also begins to get lost at high altitudes. Initially high intensity thunderstorms and after the onset of the half-cycle, storm activity will raise water vapor to levels much higher than usual, even 40-80 kilometers. Here, the steam reaches heights where it is exposed to intense ultraviolet gamma radiation, which separates water molecules, separating oxygen from hydrogen. Due to its lower specific gravity, hydrogen rises while oxygen sinks. Worst of all, everything that was once effective water will be completely destroyed. She's gone and gone forever. This sets off a process where the atmosphere will initially become warmer due to the high water vapor content, but as the water rises higher, it will begin to decompose and disappear, and the atmosphere will cool because the amount of heat held by the water vapor decreases. A new ice age follows. All this was detailed in the works of Viktor Schauberger about 60 years ago. What is clear is that the difference between half and full hydrological cycle is still not recognized, which is extremely important. Only when this is known and generally understood by the general public, under sufficient economic and political pressure, can appropriate remedial measures be initiated to combat the inevitable outcome. It is in our interest to urgently restore the entire hydrological cycle as quickly as possible, since a full cycle means life and continued existence, while an incomplete one means death and extinction.
TEMPERATURE GRADIENT AND NUTRIENTS
Let us now consider the temperature gradient in the earth and the associated effects in the figures, because the solution to the problem of transport and movement of nutrients are all functions of the temperature gradient.
Positive and negative temperature gradients produce the opposite effect. The direction of the temperature gradient indicates the direction of movement. The direction of energy or the transfer of power is always from heat to cold. An important principle, as Viktor Schauberger said, is that with the exclusion of light air (perhaps in a vacuum), salt and mineral precipitates form with cooling, while with exposure to light and heating, sediments move. In both cases, a high quality of matter is deposited in the latter. In the first case, all the various nutrients and salts are deposited well below the surface of the earth, as the water cools down to +4°C. In the latter case, due to thermal evaporation and little penetration, the lowest quality of nutrients are deposited on the surface, which not only has severe consequences for soil fertility, but also for the proper formation of trees, as we will see later.
To summarize, a positive temperature gradient occurs when the rainwater is warmer than the receiving soil. This, of course, implies that the soil is protected from the heating and influence of the Sun by trees and other vegetation, and if the entire surface of the Earth is covered with forests, then the groundwater level raises the configuration of the Earth's surface. So, as shown in fig. 9.3, water infiltrates to the lower layers, groundwater layers and aquifers are replenished, underground pools are created and maintained, salts (shown in dotted line) remain at a level where they cannot pollute the upper layers and thereby damage plants, unable to be adopted by them. If part of the forest is cut down and the surface of the earth is exposed to direct sunlight, as in fig. 9.4, the temperature of the earth in this area is rising.
With this in mind, it is important to say that if any felling is to take place, then trees should never be cut down on hilltops. This creates a bald spot, a bald spot, under the influence of high temperature from the sun, the power of rising groundwater decreases. If the temperature of the rainwater that has fallen is, say, +18°C and the temperature of the resulting ground surface is +20°C, the rain will not penetrate, but will run off the sides into areas where it can penetrate, always assuming that a healthy balance between open space and forest. In this way, salinity problems will be minimized as the overall water table will not be unduly affected.
This increase will only be in the area where the trees have been cut down, due to the geothermal upward pressure from below and the reduction in the amount of recharge and recharge of groundwater lying above +4°C - the center of the reservoir. In other words, the downward pressure opposition will be reduced. As this water rises, it also lifts the upper salts drawn into itself, although in this case not into the root zone of the vegetation. It turns out that if all the trees are cut down (Fig. 9.5), there will be no penetration of rainwater at all, then the original groundwater will rise to the surface, as a result of which all the salts that have dissolved in it will eventually go deep or disappear altogether, because that under these conditions there is no replenishment and reloading. This is how soil salinization occurs, and the only way to solve the problem is to recreate a positive temperature gradient through reforestation.
At the beginning of forest restoration, salt-loving trees and other primitive plants, such species and varieties that can survive in such conditions, should be planted first. Later, when the climate of the soil improves and its salinity decreases, tree species can be replaced by others, because during the growth of trees and due to the cooling of the surface of the earth by the shadow of the first trees, rainwater is absorbed by the earth, taking the salts down with it. Eventually, the first pioneer trees die off, as the soil conditions for growth are no longer suitable for growth, and the dynamic balance in Nature is restored.
Irrigation will only exacerbate this problem, because at night the change in ground temperature allows irrigation water to seep a certain distance into the top layer, which currently contains salts. There it collects salts and, as the temperature rises during the day, evaporates into the atmosphere, as it becomes definitely lighter, in the composition of soaked and irrigated water, plus its retracted salts, which remain as a result of exposure to light and heat, and also by evaporation, remain lie in the top layer of soil. The problem of salinity varies with latitude, altitude and time of year, as they also affect the earth's ambient temperature, the intensity of the sun's radiation, and the length of time the soil is exposed to high temperatures.
There are other terms that also apply to nutrient flows and are a bit irrelevant at this time, as rivers and flow management will be discussed in more detail in other chapters, but it still seems more appropriate to consider them while we look at this topic. Through the corrosion and friction of their sediments, all healthy rivers and streams absorb and carry nutrients, and as such are the main suppliers of incoming nutrients to the surrounding vegetation. However, they can only transfer nutrients where conditions are conducive to nutrient transfer, i.e. only where a positive temperature gradient between water and land prevails.
If the ground temperature is warmer than the temperature in the river water, then there is a negative temperature gradient of the river relative to the ground and the transfer of nutrients and salts occurs from the layers of the earth to the river. The ground layers becoming leached, freed from various minerals and microelements, lead to the loss of the mass of biochemical material. Soil infertility is increasing and rivers are becoming salty as a result. Groundwater is also declining due to lack of replenishment and recharge.
The orientation of the river relative to the general position and height of the sun also affects the transport of nutrients. In sections of rivers where the stream flows from East to West or from West to East, the sides closest to the sun are usually shaded by thickets and vegetation. The water is colder on this side and warmer on the opposite side. This results in an asymmetric river channel profile and, as a result, an asymmetric temperature distribution. If the side closest to the Sun is properly forested, then the temperature of the land on that side also cools and a positive temperature gradient exists from the river into the ground, allowing it to draw in moisture, trace elements and nutrients from the river. If the surface of the earth on the opposite side of the river was unprotected, bare, the temperature of the earth would be hotter, then a positive temperature gradient prevails, the main direction is towards the river, which leads to the absorption of moisture from the soil and nutrients by the river. Consequently, on one side of a river, the bank tends to be more fertile than the other.
On Fig. Figure 9.6 shows a river flowing through a fully planted forest area. In the illustration, river water has a temperature range of +10°C to +8°C from the surface to the channel. The ground temperature under the forest is cooler, ranging from +8°C at the surface to +4°C at the center of the groundwater aquifer. River water is warmer than the surrounding soil, therefore a positive temperature gradient prevails and nutrient transfer, energy and moisture exchange occurs from warmer to colder, namely from the river towards the land. Soil fertility increases and groundwater levels are replenished.
Conversely, if the opposite condition prevails - a negative temperature gradient, as shown in Fig. 9.7, then the flow of energy, moisture and nutrients, comes from the warm layers of the earth to the cool river. Here the river actually draws nutrients from the earth, which have themselves been raised to the upper layers, in connection with the processes mentioned earlier and shown in fig. 9.5. This leads to increased leaching (withdrawal) of minerals, trace elements and nutrients from the surrounding soil, leading to nutrient deficiencies and possible infertility. For the same reasons, there is no groundwater recharge.
The consequence of this process is that the longer a river flows through irrigated, lit farmland, the more it becomes polluted with salts, artificial fertilizers, pesticides, and so on. this makes it more and more unsuitable for use as a source of drinking water downstream. On fig. 9.8 both positive and negative temperature gradients are active at the same time. Here is the change in the temperature of the water in the river, again in the last mention, from +17°C on the surface of the water to +13°C in the lower part of the channel. The land is covered with forests on one side of the river and has a lower temperature than the river water, while the other side of the river is not closed, the land is without forest, on the opposite side there is an increase in the temperature of the land. The cooling effect of the forest also influences the shape of the riverbed profile and is reflected in the greater depth of the channel on the side where the cold water flows, it flows faster and in a more swirling laminar fashion, removing sediment and thereby deepening the riverbed at that point.
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