Description of an24. Description of an24 At what height does an24 fly

An-24- Passenger turboprop aircraft for short and medium haul lines. It has a range of 3,000 km, a cruising speed of 490 km/h, and a maximum takeoff weight of 21 tons. Equipped with two AI-24 series 2 turboprop engines, AI-24T (Ivchenko) with variable pitch propeller AV-72, AV-72T. An-24 was produced from 1959 to 1979. In total, more than 1,000 such aircraft were produced, more than 300 are still in operation, mainly in the CIS and African countries.

Development of a new twin-engine passenger aircraft An-24, intended for operation on local airlines, began in GSOKB-473 named after. O. K. Antonov in 1958 in accordance with the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 1417-656 of December 18, 1957. According to the assignment, the aircraft was supposed to carry passengers with an equivalent load of 4,000 kg for a distance of up to 400 km at a cruising speed of 450 km/h. The use of AI-24 engines was envisaged.

The first flight of the An-24 was made on October 20, 1959, at the helm of which was the crew of test pilot G. I. Lysenko. In 1961, factory and state tests were carried out. Serial production of the aircraft began in early 1962 at plant number 473 in Kyiv. In September 1962, the first technical flight with passengers took place. On October 31, 1962, the operation of the aircraft began on the Kyiv-Kherson route.

Aircraft manufacturing An-24 continued until 1979. From 1962 to 1979, more than 1,200 aircraft were produced, of which 1,028 were produced by the Kyiv Aviation Plant AVIANT. The An-24 was also produced in China under the name Y-7.

An-24 characteristics

The fuselage is sealed, semi-monocoque type. The power structure consists of a set of stringers and beams. Glue-welded joints were used instead of riveting. The An-24 fuselage section is formed by two arcs of different diameters. The cockpit is located in the forward part of the fuselage. Behind it there is a front luggage compartment, a passenger compartment, a buffet, a toilet, a wardrobe and a rear luggage compartment.

Wing - trapezoidal in plan, coffered type, high elongation. The wing consists of two spars. On the center section there are two deflecting single-slotted flaps, and on the consoles - two 2 retractable double-slotted flaps. Also on the consoles are two split ailerons. The tail unit is traditional, supplemented by a ventral keel.

The aircraft landing gear is tricycle: two main supports and one front. Double wheels on each rack. The pressure inside the tires is regulated on the ground.

Power point An-24 consists of two AI-24 turboprop engines designed by A. G. Ivchenko with four-bladed propellers AV-72, AV-72T and an autonomous launch unit TG-16 (an additional RU-19A300 turbojet engine with a capacity of 800 kgf). The diameter of the propellers is 3.9 m. The power of each engine in takeoff mode is 2,550 hp. Fuel is placed in 4 soft tanks in the center section.

Video of An-24 aircraft

1) An-24 landing - view from the porthole (video):

2) An-24 takeoff - view from the porthole (video):

The An-24 turboprop aircraft, developed at the Antonov Design Bureau, first took to the air in October 1959. The liner went into series at the beginning of 1962. He went on his first flight with passengers in September of the same year. The aircraft was produced until 1979. In total, more than 1200 cars were manufactured during this time. The same plane, only called "Y-7" was made in China.
In the passenger version, the liner was called An-24A. The next modification was the An-24B. A distinctive feature of this aircraft is its increased takeoff weight. Most of all An-24RV machines were manufactured. They had an auxiliary power unit on board, which had a positive effect on their takeoff characteristics.

The passenger An-24 was intended to operate on medium and short range lines. More than 300 of these liners are currently in use. They operate flights both in Russia and in the CIS countries. These planes also fly in African countries.

When designing, the task was to provide the machine with the ability to transport 4 tons of payload over a distance of 400 kilometers at a speed of 450 kilometers per hour. The An-24B modification liner (passenger version) could carry 50 passengers. This can be converted by installing a turbojet engine. This engine, used in overclocking, had a power of 1950 horsepower. Due to this, it is possible to start the main engines faster.

An-24T modification is a transport option. This aircraft has a hatch in the rear fuselage. The liner also has an accelerating engine.

Russian airlines operate about 100 An-24s. A significant part of them is used in the conditions of Siberia and the northern territories. Replacing this liner with another is quite difficult. Since its engines are high above the ground, it can land and take off from unpaved airfields. Debris does not get into its engines, which happens when the engines are located a few dozen above the surface of the GDP.

Aircraft cabin: the best and worst places

The usual layout of the cabin of the passenger version of the liner is 10 - 12 rows of seats arranged in 2 rows. There are 4 chairs in each row, 2 to the right and 2 to the left of the aisle. The capacity of the aircraft is from 48 to 52 passengers.

There is no need to talk about any amenities typical of large airliners with business class seats. Passengers are in the conditions characteristic of the economy class.

The category of seats that are distinguished by inconvenience in the cabin includes first-row seats. The reason is limited legroom. Passengers in the last row may experience inconvenience. Seats may not recline here. A common disadvantage for passengers is the noise from running engines. At the same time, it is approximately equally present both in the bow of the cabin and in the stern.

The only positive fact is that the An-24 is used for flights only over short distances. That is, passengers experience the existing inconvenience for a short time. So the comfort existing in the cabin for such a flight in most cases is enough.

An-24 as the basis for a number of modifications

The An-24 airliner turned out to be so successful that many modifications were created on its basis, intended for different purposes. Their total number approached forty. These are the An-26, intended for the transport of goods, the An-30, which is used for aerial photography, the An-32, which can be operated in the mountains and which successfully takes off and lands on mountain airfields. In addition, ice reconnaissance is carried out with its help.

Characteristics of the An-24 aircraft

Length: 23.5 m.
Height: 8.3 m.
Wingspan: 29.2 m.
Wing area: 75 sq.m.
Fuselage width: 2.9 m.
Cruise speed: 440 km/h.
Max speed: 540
Flight range: 1850 km.
Number of passenger seats: 48.
Crew: 3.

Does the liner have a future

Although the release of a new modification of the aircraft, according to some experts, is considered inappropriate, such opportunities exist. So, it is quite feasible to install the engines used on the An-140 on it. Of course, the most modern equipment should be installed on the new machine.

It is now recognized that the demand for such aircraft will not outweigh the costs. However, the situation may change in the future. Indeed, in many cases, the An-24 is simply impossible to replace. Other machines cannot do the work that this liner does.

Calculating the cost of a taxi to the airport

The active development of domestic aviation began in Soviet times. Then there were gas turbine engines for aircraft. This prompted the country's leadership to order the Antonov Design Bureau a new generation military transport aircraft, which was given the name AN-24. However, priority was still given to passenger airliners. The first twin-engine turboprop passenger aircraft An-24 was created more than fifty years ago. It was intended to transport people on short distance domestic routes.

Photo An-24

The first flight of the liner from this series took place 58 years ago. Then, a few years later, it was upgraded, turning it into a transport aircraft, which was given the name An-24T. However, its technical and operational characteristics indicated that it was more of a truck than a transport vehicle. Despite this, even a cargo hatch was not provided here, not to mention a loading ramp. Loading and unloading was carried out through hatches intended for passengers. However, in this transport model, the floor in the cargo compartment was noticeably reinforced. Further, on the right side they made a hatch for loading cargo.

An-24 aircraft in 1964

A qualitative improvement in the takeoff and flight characteristics of the AN-24 aircraft was noted after it was equipped with a powerful jet engine.

The result was an An-24 supersonic aircraft, a photo of which can be viewed in the gallery. Despite the successful testing of this model, the leadership of transport aviation had many complaints and comments. They were interested in why there is no hatch in the tail section of the aircraft for receiving cargo. This was not the only reason that became the impetus for the decision to create a new machine capable of meeting all the requirements of the country's leadership.

The design of the transport liner was undertaken by specialists from the Antonov Design Bureau in 1965, then they took the An-24 model as a basis.

Thorough tests of the upgraded liner were carried out for two years. Since the car was intended for the military, much attention was paid to the landing of paratroopers. The modernized liner entered serial production in 1966. Its creation was carried out by specialists from the Irkutsk Aircraft Building Plant.

This model was produced until 1979. So far, over 1200 machines have been created. The vast majority of them were assembled at the Aviant plant in Kyiv. Many airline executives became interested in the flight qualities of the aircraft, which made the upgraded model very popular. The liner began to operate on almost all domestic flights of the Soviet Union, and this is over 450 destinations. Soon, foreign carriers became interested in the An-24 aircraft and began to export it to 25 countries of the world.

Passenger aircraft models

The first serial version was the An-24A liner. After its modernization, aircraft manufacturing companies began production of the An-24B model. The aircraft's takeoff weight has been increased. Until 1970, 400 copies of such machines were produced. The An-24RV model became the most massive version. It was distinguished from its predecessors by the presence of an additional engine, which significantly improved the take-off and flight characteristics of the aircraft.

When designing the aircraft, the designers paid special attention to the reliability and ease of control of the liner.

In this regard, duplicated piloting was created here, which allows each pilot to control the aircraft from his seat. Such a system is unique, because in the event of a failure of one remote control, the second pilot can take control of the liner. In addition, an autopilot system is provided here, which greatly facilitates the work of pilots.

The first model was equipped with the most reliable radar equipment of the time. This version of the passenger aircraft could accommodate 50 people and was designed for flights over short distances. These were local airlines. The operational resource of the upgraded aircraft was increased to 50,000 flight hours, which was considered a good indicator of that time.

Photo An-24RV

Then they released a more comfortable model, however, the number of passenger seats was reduced in it. If necessary, the An-24 passenger aircraft can be quickly converted into a cargo version. This is done quite quickly, thanks to removable chairs. An important advantage of the liner is the ability to land on snowy and wet runways. In addition, the aircraft does not require too long acceleration - 650 meters is enough.

An-24 aircraft entered serial production in 1962. At the same time, their testing ended, which lasted for two years.

The liner made its first flight with people on board in September of the same year. A month later, Antonov's planes began flying on the Kyiv-Kherson route. Soon they began to serve the route Moscow - Voronezh - Saratov.

All models are so reliable and demonstrate high performance that they began to be used to perform a variety of secondary tasks. First of all, this is due to the fact that An-24 aircraft do not need too long runways.

Another advantage compared to similar aircraft in this class is improved fuel economy. This is what allows you to operate the aircraft on short routes. Today there are over 40 modifications of such liners.

Photo of the An-24 cabin by UTair

Aircraft capabilities

Operational and technical characteristics of the An-24 aircraft:

Height - 8.3 meters.
Length - 23.5 meters.
Wing area - 72.4 m².
Wingspan - 29.2 meters.
The maximum takeoff weight can exceed 21 tons.
The weight of an unloaded aircraft is 13,300 kg.
The power of each of the two engines is 2550 horsepower.
The capacity of the fuel tanks is 4760 liters.
The maximum speed of the An-24 aircraft with minimum fuel consumption is 498 km/h.
Flight range - 3000 km.
The takeoff run does not exceed 850 meters.
The maximum flight altitude is 8400 meters.
The flight crew consists of five people.
Passenger capacity varies by model. In the cabin of the An-24RV aircraft there are 48 passenger seats, and the An-24 model accommodates 32 passengers.

An-24 cockpit

Design features

Each of the models is equipped with two turboprop engines with four-bladed propellers. Each wing has two fuel tanks, which, if necessary, can be combined into one system.

The reliability of the design and the power of the engines allows you to fly to your destination even on one engine. The An-24 aircraft meets all the controllability requirements for aircraft of this class.

The body of the aircraft belongs to the category of all-metal monoplanes. It is equipped with twenty portholes. Emergency exits are mandatory. The plumage is single-keel with the presence of an aerodynamic ridge. The wings are elongated, trapezoidal in shape. They are equipped with spars and flaps. The chassis is equipped with three supports that retract into the body. The fuselage includes the cockpit, followed by the passenger compartment, followed by the luggage compartment, then the pantry and toilet.

There are partitions separating the cabin with passengers from other rooms. Dual liner control includes two columns with helms. The flight and navigation complex, as well as radio equipment, help to fly in any meteorological conditions and at any time of the day. The plane can land and take off not only in poor visibility, but also in total darkness.

An-24 of UTair

Aircraft modifications

Antonov Design Bureau aircraft modifications:

An-24 "Troyanda". The model is a flying laboratory designed to test search instruments capable of detecting enemy submarines and ships.
An-24A. Passenger liner, accommodating 44 passenger seats.
An-24 "Thread". This is a research aircraft equipped with special equipment to study the ocean depths and the resources of the planet.
An-24B. Passenger aircraft with increased takeoff weight. There are 52 passenger seats in its cabin.
An-24LP. This model is designed to extinguish forest fires.
An-24R. The model is engaged in radio intelligence and radio search.
An-24LR. This aircraft was created for ice reconnaissance.

Electricity is supplied from two generators installed on the motors. If they fail, the aircraft can receive electricity from two sufficiently capacious batteries. As you know, wings are more susceptible to icing, as well as engine air intakes. Air-thermal systems that reliably resist icing help to get rid of this serious trouble. In the event of an aircraft depressurization, all passengers will be saved by oxygen masks located in special compartments above the seats.

Another advantage of these aircraft compared to similar aircraft of this class is increased fuel economy. This is what allows you to operate the liner on short routes. Today there are over 40 modifications of such liners.

The An-24 aircraft is the prototype of the An-26 airliner. The similarity is perfect except for the design of the cargo compartment and the tail section equipped with a ramp. The reliability of the tightness of the fuselage is time-tested. The design includes a large number of stringers and beams. Here, instead of rivets, glue-welded joints (spot welding) are used. Color photographs of all models are posted in the catalog.

Photo gallery

Antonov An-24 An-24 An-24 aircraft in 1964
Photo An-24RV of the Russian Navy Photo of An-24RV An-24 of the Armed Forces of Ukraine
Aircraft An-24 of North Korea Photo of the salon An-24 of the company UTair An-24РВ of the company UTair
An-24B of UTair company An-24 of UTair company An-24 TsSKB Progress
An-24 An-24

Antonov An-24- Soviet turboprop regional passenger aircraft, developed in the OKB. Antonov in the 1950s.

StoryAn-24

By the mid-1950s in the USSR, there was a need to replace obsolete piston aircraft with new ones equipped with gas turbine engines - more powerful and efficient. To replace the veteran Il-14, the Antonov Design Bureau proposed in 1957 a project of a 32-40 local short-range and medium-range aircraft with the ability to operate from small unprepared airfields. Its flight data and power plant made it possible to use the aircraft in high altitude conditions and a wide temperature range.

The development of the new An-24 aircraft began in 1958 in accordance with the decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. According to the assignment, the aircraft was supposed to carry passengers with an equivalent load of 4000 kg for a distance of up to 400 km with a cruising speed of 450 km/h.

The An-24 made its first flight on October 20, 1959. In 1961, factory and state tests were carried out. Serial production of the aircraft began in early 1962 at plant number 473 in Kyiv. In September 1962, the first technical flight with passengers took place. On October 31, 1962, the operation of the aircraft began on the Kyiv-Kherson route.

In Soviet times, the aircraft was one of the most popular aircraft and provided a third of the passenger traffic in the country. The reason for the high demand for the liner was its ability to land on small unprepared airfields and soil.

Aircraft production continued until 1979. From 1962 to 1979, more than 1200 aircraft were produced, of which 1028 were produced by the Kyiv Aviation Plant. It was also produced in China under the name Xian Y-7.

Video An-24: Video from the salon. Engine start, takeoff and flight

DesignAn-24

An-24 is a twin-engine turboprop high-wing aircraft with a normal aerodynamic design with a straight wing and a single-fin tail.

The fuselage is sealed, semi-monocoque type. The cockpit is located in the forward part of the fuselage. Behind it is the front luggage compartment, passenger compartment, buffet, toilet, wardrobe and rear luggage compartment.

Wing - trapezoidal in plan, coffered type, high elongation. On the center section there are two deflecting single-slotted flaps, and on the consoles - two retractable double-slotted flaps. Also on the consoles are two split ailerons. The tail unit is traditional, supplemented by a ventral keel.

The aircraft landing gear is tricycle: two main supports and one front. Double wheels on each rack.

The power plant consists of two AI-24 turboprop engines designed by A. G. Ivchenko with four-blade propellers. The power of each engine in takeoff mode is 2550 hp. With. Fuel is placed in 4 soft tanks in the center section with a total capacity of 1420 liters. and in 2 caisson tanks in the middle parts of the wing with a total capacity of 3680 liters.

Modifications

In total, more than 20 modifications of the An-24 were created, produced from 1962 to 1979 in the USSR. Also, the extreme version of the An-24 is a deeply modernized version of the Xian Ma-60 aircraft produced in China.

An-24 operation

By 2015, about 100 aircraft are in operation in Russia.

These aircraft are also used in other countries:

Azerbaijan - Air Force - 4 units.
Angola - National Air Force - 15 units Armenia
Armenia - Air Force - 1 unit.
Belarus - Air Force and Air Defense Forces - 6 units.
Bulgaria - Air Force - 3 units.
Hungary - Air Force - 5 units.
Vietnam - 60 units.
Guinea - 1 unit Georgia
Georgia - Air Force - 2 units.
Egypt - Air Force - 3 units.
Iran - Air Force - 3 units.
Yemen - 29 (3 An-24, 26 An-26)
Kazakhstan - Armed forces - 5 units.
Cambodia - 3 (An-24)
North Korea - Air Force - 9 units.
Republic of the Congo - 1 unit
Cuba - Air Force and Air Defense - 7 units.
Laos - 3 units
Mali - 3 units
Mozambique - 8 units
Syria - Air Force - 4 (An-26)
Sudan - 6 units
Turkmenistan - Armed forces - 2 units.
Uzbekistan - 16 units
Ukraine - Air Force - 47 units.
Equatorial Guinea - 1 unit

Accidents and disasters

According to unofficial data, as of February 14, 2013, as a result of catastrophes, accidents, seizures and destruction on the ground during the hostilities, 162 An-24 aircraft were lost, a total of 2120 people died.

One of the most popular aircraft developed by the Antonov Design Bureau is the An-24 aircraft. Even despite its advanced age, today it can often be found flying short distances on the territory of the CIS countries. Soviet aviation is rich in aircraft, but this is one of the most popular passenger aircraft models among Antonov's aircraft.

It is a pleasure for airlines to operate this model, since there are no problems with maintenance, spare parts. The takeoff and landing of the airliner can take place in extreme conditions and places where foreign Boeing or Airbus models will never be able to land.

An-24 is a short-range passenger aircraft. It is equipped with turboprop engines in the amount of two pieces. Engines manufactured by the Ukrainian company Motor Sich were designed by the Ivchenko-Progress Design Bureau. Produced for almost 20 years from 1962 to 1979. During this time, more than 1300 pieces of An aircraft were produced.

The AI-24 and AI-24T engines were installed on the liner - turboprops. Due to the location of the wings slightly higher than the fuselage, the engines are located at a considerable distance from the ground, which allows the aircraft to be operated on unpaved, dusty and even icy runways. It can be operated at minimum temperatures in northern latitudes. This characteristic of the vessel and its engines has made it a very popular aircraft carrier.

An aircraft and their modifications

An-24 before takeoff, Ryazanaviatrans airline

An-24. The very first variation of the model;
An-26. Cargo version of the aircraft for military purposes. Installed special equipment for loading and unloading;
An-30. Special apparatus for reconnaissance purposes;
An-50. The project of the aircraft, on which 4 engines were installed;
Xian Y-7. Chinese modification for the domestic market of the country. Produced for almost 15 years. Approximately 75 units produced;
Xian MA60. Improved modification of Y7. Produced by Xi'an Aircraft Company since the 2000s.

Specifications

The aircraft can fly up to 1850 kilometers with a cabin capacity of 48 to 52 passengers. The crew consists of 3-5 people. Cruise speed is 460 kilometers per hour. The average flight altitude of the liner is 7000 meters.

Airline use and quantity in service

It is difficult to establish how many An-24 aircraft are still in operation. However, they are often found not only in the expanses of the post-Soviet space, but also abroad. The main civil operators are:

Kazakhstan, 7 different modifications of the airline "Southern Sky";
Democratic People's Republic of Korea, 5 units operated by Air Koryo;
Russia. Airline "Turukhan" - 16 units, "IrAero" - 9 units, Alrosa - Mirninskoye AP - 3 units, Yakutia - 6 aircraft, KhabAvia - 3 liners and Pskovavia retained 2 ships.

An-24 aircraft cabin plan

The salon of the An-24 liner is able to accommodate the number of passengers from 48 to 52. The most common and common seating arrangement is for 48 passengers. There is only one configuration - a single-class economy class scheme.

Note! There is one toilet and a kitchen on board. Baggage is stored in the forward fuselage just behind the cockpit. The luggage compartment is protected by a special partition.

Since the age of flying models is already very solid, the cabins may seem outdated to travelers. However, they are quite spacious, comfortable, have everything you need. Good access to the lavatory is possible from the seats near the windows, since there is a large distance between the seats. Luggage racks are located above the heads of passengers according to the standard scheme. It is possible to put hand luggage there.

Scheme of the An-24 cabin in a single-class configuration for 48 seats

The numbering of the rows is alphabetic, from A to D. Where rows A and G are installed near the windows, which guarantees a good view for those who like to admire the landscapes or take a photo. Accordingly, rows B and C are located at the central aisle, and this allows you not to disturb your neighbors if you need to go to the toilet.

In An-24, the cabin layout is standard for this class. In the middle is the central row, it is wide enough to easily pass other passengers. The seats are arranged in two rows on each side of the fuselage. Wherever a passenger sits, he will have only one neighbor, which is very convenient.

Important! It should be borne in mind that the An-24 cabin was produced in the seventies, so there are no entertainment systems, screens, or sockets for charging laptops and mobile devices. It is necessary to take care of the charge of gadgets in advance, before boarding.

Comfortable and uncomfortable places

According to the presented scheme, you can consider in detail which places are the most convenient, and which are the other way around. Please note that any seat in each row will be quite noisy as the aircraft is old. However, there are places with the least noise level.

Seats in the cabin, their description and comfort:

Rows numbered 10, 11 and 12 are located in the rear of the cabin. There is also a toilet and a kitchen, which may cause concern for passengers sitting here. Extraneous odors and noises will be felt, and this causes discomfort. There may be queues for the toilet. People sitting at the aisle will be constantly disturbed by passengers going to the toilet and the crew delivering on-board meals. Passengers with children are not recommended to sit on these rows, as the child may begin to act up. Another disadvantage of the seats in the back rows is an increased feeling of turbulence and a lot of vibration.
The 12th row is the last, the seats may not fold out completely or at all, since there is a partition at the back. However, the rows at the end of the fuselage have their advantages, as they are the least noisy due to their range from the engines.
Rows four through eight are the noisiest, as they are located directly under the wings with the engines attached to them. Wings and engine block the view. It is not recommended to take places at the windows for lovers of landscapes and those who want to take beautiful shots.
The second and third rows are comfortable for travel, you just need to consider a few things. If you need to relax calmly, then it is recommended to choose places near the windows, then the neighbors who need to go out will not be disturbed. Also, these seats are suitable for lovers of a good view, because nothing prevents you from admiring the views from the window.
The first row can be safely called the most convenient, since it provides the most free legroom and the absence of front-seated passengers. A partition is installed in front of the row at a fairly large distance, which separates from the technical rooms and the cockpit. Recommended for traveling with a child, the availability of free space allows you to put a stroller here.
The rest of the places are standard, do not have any special pluses and minuses.

Photo of the cabin of the An-24 aircraft from the inside

Note! Due to the small number of seats and the limited choice of the most comfortable seats, it is recommended to book tickets in advance.

Long years of use of the liner allowed passengers and crew to test the aircraft for strengths and weaknesses and convenience for travelers on the personal experience of passengers and crew. Subsequent releases of various modifications made it possible to modernize and improve the ship, if not to perfection, then to a quite good level of comfort for voyages. The ability to fly to hard-to-reach regions without suitable runways has made it indispensable for the regions of the Far North, where climatic conditions do not allow the use of ships from another manufacturer.

The interior of the liner has proven itself quite well over many years of use, it is spacious and practical, but has long been outdated. The lack of sockets for charging mobile devices and entertainment systems makes the flight monotonous. Paired seating reduces the need to disturb neighbors to access the center aisle. For those who like to take photos for social networks, seats near the windows are suitable, but it is necessary to choose the first rows so that the wings do not interfere with the view. And passengers with children are advised to choose the first row because of the large free space. It is definitely not recommended to book seats in the last rows, since these places are associated with a lot of inconvenience, passengers there will be accompanied by constant noise and lines to the toilet. It is also advisable, if you have a large amount of hand luggage, to take luggage racks as soon as possible, since the number of places there is limited.