Facade paints: types, advantages and disadvantages. Types of paints for the facade or how to choose a facade paint for outdoor work What kind of facade paint to paint an overview

Surface painting is one of the most common types of finishes today. In order to correctly use the paint, which is offered by the modern market in a large assortment, it is necessary to understand the varieties of this material.

general description

As a rule, paints are made according to one scheme of components, they usually contain:

• bonding base;
• pigment;
• filler;
• special additives.

The base is needed to form a film on the surface. As for the pigment, it is a substance for imparting color. Filler - these are components that save pigment and give the composition shine, as well as strength. Special additives reduce the drying and hardening rate, protect the material from solvents, fungus and mold, and improve properties.

Some special additives can give the paint fungicidal properties as well as fire safety qualities. Looking through modern types of paints, you can understand that they usually have from 8 to 16 components. The quality of the product will depend on how correctly they are mixed and matched.

Varieties of paints for the intended purpose

Paints can be classified according to different parameters, but first you should consider the types of material for its intended purpose. Thus, paints can be:

• universal;
• intended for internal works;
• used for outdoor work.

The latter variety is characterized by high resistance to external factors according to the type of rain, ultraviolet and temperature fluctuations. With their help, it is impossible to paint surfaces inside buildings, since toxicity is inherent in such materials. Modern market, offered different types paints, among them are those that are intended for interior work. They are not used outdoors, as they have low resistance to negative factors. Universal paints can be used for indoor and outdoor use, they are made on water based and therefore are not toxic.

Classification of paints by composition and type of solvent used

Considering the types of paints, you can understand that they can be classified according to composition. Thus, paints for painting works can be:

• oil;
• water-based;
• enamel;
• water-dispersion.

The type of paint thinner used is divided into the following groups:

• oil-alkyd;
• water-based;
• nitro enamels.

White spirit is used as a solvent in the first variety. Water-based paints are water-soluble, while nitro-enamels are used as a solvent for acetone.

Classification of paints depending on the purpose and chemical nature of the film-forming substance

Visiting the store, you can find different types of paints. They are classified depending on the purpose and chemical composition of the film-forming substance. Paints and varnishes can be divided into five groups. The first group contains compounds designated by the following words:

• dye;
• enamel;
• emulsion paint.

For those paints that consist of only one pigment, when designating the first group, the name of the pigment is used instead of the word “paint” (for example, minium). If we turn to the second group, it can be noted that it speaks of the chemical composition and determines the type of film-forming substance. It is designated by two letters. If you saw the designation MA, then this indicates that you have oil paint in front of you. The abbreviation GF indicates glyptal enamels.

The third group of characters is indicated by the number that comes after the hyphen. It indicates the purpose of the composition. If you need paint for outdoor use, then you should choose the one in the marking of which there is a unit after the hyphen. The deuce indicates interior paint. For painting the bottom of boats, paint with a four after a hyphen is used. All subsequent numbers indicate a serial number, only oil paint acts as an exception.

Hiding power classification

One of the main characteristics of the paint is hiding power, it is expressed in the volume content of the pigment, which is necessary to cover one square meter surfaces. For example, dry paints are finely ground powders that form an opaque layer with binders. Pigments are represented by artificial or natural compounds.

They do not dissolve in water and oils; when mixed with solvents, they settle to the bottom. The finer the pigment grinding used, the higher their quality. White pigments include white, chalk and lime. The latter can be hydraulic and air.

Water based paint

One of the popular varieties of modern paints and varnishes is water-based paint. It is an ecological pure material which can be applied to any surface. The resulting coating passes air vapor, the layer has good hiding power and is compatible with oil, glue and enamel paints.

Painting with water-based paint can be carried out on the surface of the adhesive paintwork material only if an alum or vitriol primer has not been previously used. This requirement is due to the fact that the aforementioned substances are capable of destroying the water emulsion. If such primers were used, then the surface should be washed out, covered with drying oil, and only after that it is possible to start applying water-based paint.

For reference

Painting with water-based paint surfaces that were previously painted with oil compositions or enamels should be carried out only after pre-training. The surface must be washed soapy water, primed with diluted paint or drying oil, only after that you should start applying the water-based composition.

Technical characteristics of water-based paint

If you will be using water-based paint, the characteristics of this composition must be considered before applying the mixture to the surface. Among the ingredients should be highlighted:

• thickener;
• filler;
• antiseptic;
• latex.

The viscosity of the paint may vary. If you plan to apply it to the surface with a brush, then this indicator should change within 40-45 s. For the spray gun, the paint is diluted to a viscosity of 20-25 s. The mixture is consumed if it is carried in 1 layer, in a volume of 150 to 200 ml/m 2 . The final value will depend on the absorbency of the base.

The specific gravity of the mixture is 1.3 kg/l. Drying will take from 2 hours to a day. This parameter will depend on air humidity and temperature. Drying humidity should be 65%, while the optimum temperature level is equivalent to +20 °C.

Variety of spray paints

Aerosol paint is quite popular today for the reason that it is easy to apply. It is offered for sale in many varieties. Among others, enamels should be distinguished, the basis of which is water. Such mixtures can be used for exterior and interior decoration. The application is quite simple, the paint then dries in a short time. You can remove it from the base within half an hour using a damp cloth.

After drying, eco-paint - another type of aerosol formulation - forms a durable coating that is not exposed to negative impact ultraviolet. Aerosol paint can also be designed for metal. The mixture may consist of three components, namely:

• the paint itself;
• soil;

Aerosol paints for metal can be two-component, in which case they are prepared from paint and a primer. Conventional metal spray paints are used to give the surface the desired color. Automotive spray paints may have different chemical composition, depending on it, such mixtures can be classified into:

• alkyd;
• melamine-alkyd;
• acrylic.

The first variety is characterized by rapid polymerization and is used for local repairs. The second type of this paint is quite long time dries at high temperatures. The most common are acrylic automotive spray paints. With their help, you can achieve the creation of a matte or glossy surface. The result is a layer that does not require varnish protection and is resistant to aggressive environments.

Varieties of paints for walls

Considering the types of paints for walls, you should pay attention to the emulsion compositions. They are rather poorly washed off, dry quickly and do not have bad smell. One of the varieties is water-based paint, which can be used in conditions high humidity. The composition is highly plastic, and its application is carried out at a temperature of +5 ° C or higher.

On sale today are a variety of types of paints for walls. Among them are alkyd compounds, which are among the most popular. A mixture based on alkyd resin is created and is used for application to wood, metal and plastered walls. Silicate paints use water as a thinner. This composition should not be applied to walls that were previously covered with alkyd or acrylic mixtures.

Glue paints are also used to decorate walls. They contain organic polymers previously dissolved in water. Use given material possible for internal and external works because it is resistant to aggressive influences external environment and adheres well to plaster, concrete and brick.

Varieties of paints for the floor

Floor paint is used quite often in interior decoration today. It is offered for sale in the following varieties:

• varnishes;
• oil paints;
• acrylic paints;
• enamel.

Varnishes are made from natural and synthetic resins, as well as oils, which are diluted in ordinary water or organic solvents. This type of paint includes colorless and colored varnishes. The main advantage of acrylic paints is their safety. They do not contain organic solvents and therefore are not toxic. This floor paint dries quickly, is easy to use, and can be washed off with water during the staining process.

As for enamels, they are also easy to work with, they are inexpensive, so we got wide use when painting floors. Considering the types of floor paints, enamels should also be distinguished, which include several components, among them:

• pigments;
• solvent;
• fillers;

Water based paints

Considering the types of water-based paints, emulsion compositions that do not contain organic solvents, are fire and explosion-proof and are not toxic should be distinguished. PVA-based paints have low cost, they can be applied on surfaces only in dry rooms. Their additional disadvantage is a rather meager palette of shades. Acrylic paints are also water soluble. They are resilient and not afraid wet cleaning. That is why such compositions can be used even in wet rooms.

Acrylic paints

Acrylic paint is freeze resistant, it freezes at -40°C. It is necessary to thaw the mixture gradually, this should happen within a few days. The container should be brought into a room with a temperature above zero. Before starting the application, acrylic paint is stirred, and if necessary, diluted with water. Acrylic exterior paint should dry at a temperature between 18 and 22 °C. Complete drying should be expected after 2 hours.

One kilogram of the composition will be enough for an area of ​​​​5 m 2. After completion of the work, the paint should be washed off from dishes and brushes, because after hardening it lags behind the surface rather badly. The industry produces the following types of acrylic paints:

• vinyl acetate;
• acrylate;
• butadione-styrene;

Acrylic paints based on polyvinyl alcohol should not be applied to surfaces that have previously been treated with chalk compounds. At the first stage, the base is prepared - the chalk layer is washed away for this.

Greek company, founded in 1980, is very popular in the Greek domestic market. At the same time, the manufacturer is widely known in the European market and supplies mainly its own products in the South-Eastern region of Europe. The company produces more than 300 items building materials including the list the best manufacturers wood paints. ISOMAT successfully sells its products on the domestic market, offering a wide range of paints for different surfaces.

The high quality of paint and varnish products can be shown by the example acrylic paint for wood ISOMAT-ACRY L, which is highly resistant to moisture and durable. This mixture is good to use for painting external wooden bases, thereby protecting the surface from the effects of weather conditions. Paint consumption is about 12 square meters. meters. The choice of colors is simply stunning - it's 1950 ready-made shades from the palette ISOMAT COLOR SYSTEM.

• Country of manufacture — Greece
• Manufacturer's website - http://www.isomat.ru

ADLER

Austrian company, which has 75 years of history and an excellent reputation in Europe and around the world. In Russia, the paint and varnish products of this manufacturer are actively used in construction work for decorating any surfaces, including paints for wood. In Austria, the company's main production facilities are located, equipped with the most modern equipment, which is regularly updated with the emergence of innovative approaches in the production of paints and varnishes.

The bestseller of the company is paint for exterior and internal coating tree ADLER Lignovit Color, which is a reliable coating with excellent protection against extreme weather events. The composition has excellent elasticity and will not crack after some time. One liter of paint is enough for 12 square meters. meters of base. It is suitable for painting a wooden fence, house cladding, windows and doors, garden furniture, balconies and much more.

• Country of origin — Austria
• Manufacturer's website - http://adler-lacke.ru

Russian company, which can be safely called ultra-modern for using in its production the latest developments in the field of manufacturing paint and varnish products and the latest production facilities. 20 years of experience in the domestic market has brought recognition and success to this really good manufacturer. It is a confident participant in the paint market in Russia, which is confidently strengthening its position and aiming at the international level.

From the entire huge range of coloring mixtures for decorating any surface, one can distinguish fire-retardant paint ROGNEDA PIREX. This coating is resistant to fire, while it has antiseptic properties for biological protection too. The paint will protect the tree from rotting and the occurrence of fungus, mold and bugs. The mixture has high environmental properties and does not include organic solvents.

• Country of manufacture - Russia
• Manufacturer's website - http://www.rogneda.ru

This brand is definitely #1 in Germany and has 100 years of history. The company owns the invention of the first soluble in cold water Alpinaweiss paints. Translated from German, this name means "alpine whiteness". For five generations, the founding families have been running the company and have always been attentive to the environmental safety of their products, the range of which is very wide - these are paints, varnishes, primers, enamels, putties and much more.

For example, wood enamel Alpina Aqua Buntlack can even be used to coat metal surfaces. A rich palette of colors will allow you to choose your favorite shade. When painting, the enamel does not have a strong smell, which will be appreciated by painters and people who are going to paint at home, for example, furniture. The painted surface dries quickly and retains its original luster for a long time, and is also resistant to abrasion and moisture.

• Country of origin — Germany
• Manufacturer's website - http://www.alpina-farben.ru

One more Russian company, which has quite famous name, as it occupies a prominent position in the market of paint and varnish products and is one of the best manufacturers of paints for wood. The products of this manufacturer are used by such giants Russian industry, how KAMAZ, AVTOVAZ from the automotive industry, as well as enterprises paper industry— Mondi SYK, ILIM PULP, Kama Pulp and Paper Mill and many other enterprises in various fields. The company has its own chemical and microbiological laboratory for and powerful marketing to create its unique products and promote them to the market.

The manufacturer's novelty is a fire-retardant wood paint NEOMID "Interior", which has excellent fire resistance properties, which will not allow the surface painted with the composition of this paint to ignite quickly. protective layer paint will secure any wooden base for a period of 10 years, which is impressive. At the same time, the composition protects against biological activity, such as fungus, bugs, mold and more.

• Country of manufacture - Russia
• Manufacturer's website - http://neomid.ru

The company comes from from Sweden and positions itself as the manufacturer producing the most environmentally friendly paints in Europe. This is not surprising, because the country where the company was founded is very attentive to cleanliness environment. The manufacturer is constantly in search and creation of new more best products. Since BECKERS paints and paint products in general are used in human dwellings and in the immediate vicinity of human habitation, it is given great importance characteristics of the coloring compositions with which the surfaces are coated.

A striking example is paint BECKERS Perfect Akrylatfarg for external painting not only of wooden bases, but also of surfaces made of metal, concrete, brick, drywall. This composition perfectly lays down on previously painted surfaces, while it does not crack and does not lose its properties. Due to its pure base, the paint has absolutely no harmful effect on the environment. You can safely paint the playground and not worry about the harmful effects chemical compounds on children.

• Country of manufacture - Sweden
• Manufacturer's website - http://www.beckers-design.ru

Russian company is one of the prominent leaders in the production of products for the protection and decoration of wooden surfaces. The manufacturer has gained recognition in the construction industry, where wood is used, as it has perfectly mastered the production of high-quality and demanded in almost all regions of Russia paint and varnish products in Russia. We can safely say that the company is one of the best among the manufacturers of wood paints.

One of the popular products is antiseptic paint SENEZH AQUADEKOR, which has 16 colors. Can be used for both interior and exterior painting work. It does not include substances harmful to humans and is highly resistant to intense weather conditions. At the same time, it keeps the tree from direct sunlight and prevents ultraviolet radiation UV-A and UV-B. At the same time, the antiseptic paint preserves the structure of the wood, which will make the surface very attractive.

• Country of manufacture - Russia
• Manufacturer's website - http://www.seneg.ru

Russian manufacturer pretty good paint, which is not as well known as other companies, but can safely claim to be one of the best. The company produces excellent paint for wood with high performance, which includes primarily environmental Safety. At the same time, there is antibacterial protection against fungi, mold and protection against the effects of weather conditions, such as rain. That will not allow the tree to get wet and consequently rot.

For example, SUPER DEKOR paint Invoice will allow you to create beautiful finish any surface, be it wood or even concrete. When dry, the surface has a pleasant to the touch velvet base with an elastic layer. Its physical properties include rubber-based rubber substances, which make it durable and very resistant to various external factors.

• Country of manufacture - Russia
• Manufacturer's website - http://balticolor.ru

American company with a representative office in Russia, which is represented by LINCOLOR. This well-known concern called ACE Hardware Corporation offers the Russian consumer the most innovative products in the field of coatings. The production facilities of the US enterprise are equipped with the latest technology. The manufacturer produces environmentally friendly paint for wood and is constantly expanding the range of its already quite numerous products.

One of the company's products is interesting in all respects. ACE Contractor Pro Interior Wall Paint, which is made on an acrylic-latex base and will allow you to cover surfaces such as wood, plaster, concrete, metal. Very popular among construction companies for their excellent performance and strength. Also, the paint has good protection against various external influences.

• Country of manufacture - USA
• Manufacturer's website - http://www.lincolor.ru

The largest Finnish company, which has powerful production facilities both in Finland and in Russia. The Finns, like the inhabitants of Sweden, are very sensitive to the issue of environmental ecology and all their chemical and other industries associated with pollution are equipped with advanced equipment that practically eliminates pollution. Therefore, the paint and varnish products of this company are of high quality. They also talk about it ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 certificates.

The manufacturer of paints for wood occupies a leading position in the woodworking industry. 30 years ago, the company released water-based paints and varnishes, which have become widely used in the window industry. And until now, paints for wood Teknos are very popular.

• Country of origin - Finland
• Manufacturer's website - http://www.wood.teknos.ru/

If in the decoration of the facade of your house you have already finally opted for facade paints, then the only thing left is to decide on the option of a specific paint for a practical and high-quality finish. Particular care in the choice of paints for exterior repair work dictated by the high demands placed on it. After all, such paint must withstand temperature changes, precipitation, and even mechanical impact, such as hail.

Facade paints: what is it and what are the types

By and large, in their composition, facade paints contain binders with pigment suspensions, fillers and solvents, which give the paints auxiliary performance and characteristics. Like others, this type of paint is divided into groups. These are primarily two main groups:

The first group of paints contains such low-toxic and toxic substances that have a dissolving function: white spirit, solvent or xylene. These substances, in addition to toxicity, are also weakly resistant to fire. Among other things, such paints may contain thermoplastic acrylic resin, which is excellent for film formation, which is a very important factor for exterior-painted house walls. Due to their toxicity, such paints are bought less often than those belonging to the second group.

Paints belonging to the second group are more popular, and their range is wider than solvent-based paints. Subgroups of water-soluble paints are divided according to the effective substances contained in them, which each perform their own function when working with such paints. These are the following subgroups of water-soluble facade paints:

Some of them are more in demand, some less. It all depends on the disadvantages and advantages of a particular paint, as well as on their performance characteristics and the desired result of painting and wear resistance of facade paint.

Advantages and disadvantages of facade paint

Organic

Advantages: high quality weather resistant coating, suitable for low temperatures(up to -20 degrees Celsius);

Disadvantages: highly toxic and flammable, also much more expensive than water-based paints.

Acrylic

Advantages: resistant to temperature extremes, rain, hail, etc., economical and practical to use;

Disadvantages: There are no particular shortcomings, except for one - they practically do not lie on the concrete surface.

Siloxane

Advantages: thanks to emulsified resins, the coating painted with such paint does not let vapors and water through at all, does not create surface tension during painting of the plastered surface;

disadvantages: the high cost of the cost of such paints.

silicate

Advantages: great for painting houses where there is water or moisture nearby, because they are maximally vapor-permeable, allowing moisture to pass through, allow walls or other surfaces to breathe, resistant to the development of fungi and mold, easily applied to concrete, brick, lime and plastered surfaces;

Disadvantages: do not have elasticity, and therefore do not fill cracks in the plaster.

Lime

Advantages: environmentally friendly, well associated with lime plaster, so that the coating becomes durable;

Disadvantages: time-consuming to prepare, limited coatings and substrates, good only for lime plasters, which are rarely used today.

To give your home a unique look, to make it bright and expressive - every developer dreams of this. Therefore, the work of builders always completes the painting of the facade. Despite the apparent simplicity of this process, its result directly depends on right choice paints.

For each wall material and finish, there are certain types of coloring compositions, the error in choosing which is expensive.

Peeling, uneven distribution of color, cracks in the tinting coating - all these problems are corrected by the laborious cleaning of the facade from paint and applying a new one.

We will talk about what coloring compositions are designed to work with stone surfaces (plaster, concrete, brick), what are their features and performance characteristics in this article.

Classification and properties of facade paints

Before answering the question of how to choose a facade paint for outdoor work, you need to consider the classification of tinting mixtures.

The first level of gradation is the type of solvent used:

• Water;
• Organic liquids (solvent, white spirit, xylene).

Water-soluble facade paints are more popular with developers. Their range is much richer than that of tinting mixtures dissolved in organic liquids. The main motivations for the choice are the lower price and minimal toxicity of water-based paints.

Second, no less important factor classification - the type of binder that forms protective film. The service life of the decorative coating depends on its mechanical strength, adhesion (strength of adhesion to the base), elasticity, resistance to frost and the sun.

There are several types of binders used for facade paints:

• Cement.
• Lime.
• Liquid glass (silicate).
• Acrylic.
• Latex (rubber).
• Silicone.
• Siloxane.

All types of facade paints have common criteria for assessing operational and technical properties:

Water absorption (absorption capacity)

Facade paint should not absorb a lot of moisture. Otherwise, the walls will get wet, creating conditions for the development of mold and mildew. In addition, on damp wall the process of the release of salts from the solution (efflorescence) is activated and the plaster does not hold well.

The degree of absorption capacity of facade paint is indicated by the water absorption coefficient, denoted Latin letter W. Manufacturers indicate its value in digital form (kg / h / m 2 hour 0.5). For high-quality tinting compositions, this parameter should not exceed 0.05-0.1 kg / kg / h / m 2 hour 0.5.

Vapor permeability

This indicator is of great importance for the comfort of living in the house. The paint should not block the exit from the premises to the street for water vapor.

To assess vapor permeability, three equivalent quantities are used:

• The mass of water vapor (grams) passing through 1m2 of a painted wall during the day.
• Vapor permeability coefficient, denoted by the symbol Sd.
• Diffusion resistance coefficient (µ).

High-quality facade paints pass from 110 to 140 grams of water vapor through 1m2 per day.

The second vapor permeability parameter Sd is calculated from complex formulas. For us, only its numerical expression, indicated in technical description paints (optimum 0.3-0.05).

If you are guided by the third criterion, then a coloring composition is considered good, in which the coefficient µ is in the range from 1400 to 1500.

If the facade paint does not pass steam well, then the plaster will become damp and fall off.

Resistance to solar ultraviolet

It depends on it how quickly and intensively the coloring composition burns out under the influence of sunlight. This parameter has no numeric value. The only objective criterion is laboratory tests. According to their data, silicate (polysilicon), acrylic and acrylic silicone facade paints are the most resistant to the sun.

For frost resistance, manufacturers have not come up with a digital equivalent. This indicator can be indirectly judged by the declared service life of the painted coating.

Consumption

When deciding what paint to paint the facade of the house, you should pay attention to consumption. This is the main economic parameter. It depends not only on the quality of the paint, but also on the surface texture of the wall and the absorption capacity of its material. In this regard, the consumption of facade paint varies in a wide range from 0.18 to 0.7 l/m2. Manufacturers indicate the average consumption on a smooth, primed surface (application in 1 layer).

The amount of paint consumed per 1 m2 of the facade should not be confused with another indicator - hiding power. It shows the amount of decorating composition required for a continuous and uniform coloring of 1 m2. This effect is achieved only when applying paint in 2 layers.

Drying time

With multi-layer staining importance has a drying time (in hours). Its manufacturers are designated by two numbers. The first indicates the time after which the next layer can be applied (2-5 hours). The second digit determines the time required to achieve operational readiness (at least 24 hours at an air temperature of + 20 - + 23C).

Abrasion resistance only matters for those areas of the painted surface on which people walk. This parameter is measured in friction cycles that a layer of paint can withstand until the moment of complete abrasion.

Our advice: If you are going to paint the cement screed at the entrance to the house, then choose a paint composition with at least 4-5 thousand abrasion cycles.

Facade paint application technology

There are a few simple rules here:

• The surface to be painted must be smooth, sound, clean and dry. Therefore, the first stage of preparation is the removal of old paint, peeling plaster, repairing irregularities and cracks, cleaning the walls from dust and other contaminants, washing the surface with water and drying it.
• The quality of adhesion of the paint composition to the facade material (adhesion) directly depends on the use of impregnation that holds the surface layer together. That's why compulsory procedure- treatment of walls with an impregnating composition suitable for the paint used (in 2 layers with an interval of 6 to 8 hours).
• Painting starts from the upper sections of the walls, moving down. For better hiding power, the applied strips of paint should cross.
• It is desirable to do the work without interruptions in order to avoid the appearance of color transitions.
• Optimum quality is achieved when applying paint in 2-3 layers.

Well-known manufacturers, approximate prices and consumption

The market does not experience a shortage of facade paint manufacturers. Store shelves are full of labels and brand names. The leading positions here belong to companies whose products have earned a reputation for consistently high quality among buyers.

Decently looks against the background of eminent Western competitors products Russian company Lakra Synthesis, which produces the popular line of facade paints Parade and the domestic paint and varnish brand Tex.

The estimated price of high-quality silicone paint (1 liter) starts at 300 rubles. Siloxane most often costs more than 350-500 rubles / l. The cost of silicate (polysilicon) paint - from 240 rubles.

Lime coloring compositions produced by well-known brands are not cheap. Their average price is 260 rubles per liter. For comparison, let's say that the same amount of good acrylic paint can be purchased for 200 rubles.

Dry cement and cement-lime paint for facades can be bought for 140 rubles.

In general, it can be noted that the prices for paints of the same type may differ significantly depending on the manufacturer and the region of sale. In addition, the volume of purchases plays an important role, here, as a rule, the more you take, the cheaper.

The average consumption of a facade coloring composition on a primed non-porous surface, according to manufacturers, is from 0.18 to 0.25 liters per 1 m2.

The choice of facade paint

For ease of choice, we have summarized in one table different types of facade surfaces and coloring compositions that are optimally suited to them.

Facade surface material	Type of facade paint
Cement and cement-lime plasters	Cement, lime, acrylic, vinyl, silicone, siloxane, acrylic silicone, silicate (polysilicon)
silicate plasters	Silicate (polysilicon), lime, cement. After priming, you can use vinyl, acrylic, silicone, siloxane, acrylic silicone
Lime plasters	Lime, cement, silicate (polysilicon), silicone (with high ability transmission of carbon dioxide).
Concrete	Cement, acrylic, silicone, siloxane, silicate (polysilicon)
ceramic brick	Acrylic, silicone, siloxane, acrylic-silicone, silicate, lime, cement
silicate brick	Silicate (polysilicon), cement

To give the surface an original appearance, so-called structural facade paints are used. They differ from standard ones in higher viscosity, which allows using a spatula, brush or sprayer to decorate walls with various patterns and textures.

When determining which facade paint is best, you will come across such obscure inscriptions on labels as water-based, water-dispersion, perchlorvinyl, latex or rubber paint.

You don’t have to worry about the terms water-based and water-based. This name indicates the state of aggregation of the binder in water (“liquid in liquid” and “solid in liquid”), which does not affect the performance of paints.

Perchlorovinyl paint refers to solvent-based compositions. Simply put, it is not diluted with water, but with xylene or solvent. Its main advantage over water formulations is the possibility of application in the cold season (from -20 to + 4C). At higher temperatures, solvent-based paints should not be used, as the quick drying of the solvent will cause stains on the facade.

Latex and rubber paints are twins. For their manufacture, the same acrylic latex (artificial rubber) is used. It gives the dried paint layer high elasticity, adhesion, resistance to cracking and vapor permeability.

The appearance of the facade of the building significantly affects its perception. The easiest way to give a new look to an old house or complete a building new building- Finish the facade with paint. High-quality paint plays not only a decorative role, it protects the wall treated with it from external influences. Facade paints are made just for outer cladding, so you can be sure of their durability and resistance.

The shade of the dye plays a significant role in the appearance of the building. It is equally important that it be evenly applied to the surface. The choice of composition according to the degree of gloss - matte or glossy - also matters.

Now on sale there are compositions for facades of a wide variety of colors. In addition, they differ from each other in terms of service life and the type of surface on which they can be applied. However, from the point of view of chemistry, they are not much different, so both have the same components:

• a binder component called the base;
• coloring pigment;
• additives mineral type, other fillers.

Among the huge variety of facade paints, the main ones can be distinguished:

• silicate,
• made on the basis of potash glass,
• silicone, including varieties such as:
• silicone-acrylic
• silicone emulsion,
• calcareous (mineral),
• latex,
• polysilicon.

Almost all paints for facades are sold in PVC buckets, which is very convenient. In many cases they are suitable for use immediately, sometimes you have to dilute them a little. The consistency of the paint can be changed and, depending on the layer, make it thicker or more liquid.

Facade dyes according to the type of material being painted can be used for:

• plastic,
• tree,
• metal,
• brick,
• concrete,

According to the composition of the components, as well as the type of solvent, these paint and varnish coatings also have a classification. For example, water-soluble formulations can be water-dispersed (with the addition of a polymer) or mineral.

Dyes, which are based on organic solvents, are diluted with volatile chemical compounds, for example, white spirit or xylene. They have a number of advantages, for example, they can be applied even at high humidity and at temperatures below zero. However, there are also serious disadvantages, such as toxicity and flammability. When working with this type of paint and varnish products, you must be careful and observe safety precautions.

Water-based coloring compositions have a number of positive features. They are the safest and most environmentally friendly, despite the fact that binders, color are added to them, and synthetic type fillers are present. These compounds are non-toxic and non-flammable, which is ideal for facades. wooden type. They resist moisture and are very durable. Such paint can be safely applied in several layers. However, there is no escape from the shortcomings. In frost, water-based compounds behave poorly and harden already at zero temperature.

There are also textured paints manufactured for facades by Tikkurila. They form a resistant film on the surface to be coated and, due to their special structure, significantly change appearance the buildings.

There are several other popular types of paints, for example, oil or alkyd. They are intended for outdoor use, but are not suitable for processing facades.

There are paints for outdoor work on metal or special ones, for MDF facades but they are much less frequently used. To work with them, you must first cover the surface with a specialized primer, which is not very convenient and time-consuming.

When buying facade paint, you should not first of all pay attention to color. First of all, it should suit you according to the type of surface to be treated and the purpose. With the help of the catalog, you can easily select the desired shade. Take the choice of dye seriously, as choosing it correctly, you can enjoy the new look of the house for 10-20 years, in accordance with the expiration date.

Table. The choice of facade paint.

Facade surface material	Type of facade paint
Cement and cement-lime plasters	Cement, lime, acrylic, vinyl, silicone, siloxane, acrylic silicone, silicate (polysilicon)
silicate plasters	Silicate (polysilicon), lime, cement. After priming, you can use vinyl, acrylic, silicone, siloxane, acrylic silicone
Lime plasters	Lime, cement, silicate (polysilicon), silicone (high carbon dioxide permeability).
Concrete	Cement, acrylic, silicone, siloxane, silicate (polysilicon)
ceramic brick	Acrylic, silicone, siloxane, acrylic-silicone, silicate, lime, cement
silicate brick	Silicate (polysilicon), cement

Characteristics of facade paints

Today, latex paint is especially popular. Its main advantages are ease of use and versatility. This dye remarkably fights with external influences, does not suffer from temperature extremes and precipitation. The facade, covered with latex paint, does not require special care. Most of the time it doesn't even need to be wiped down. But this dye, like any other, has its drawbacks. It is completely unsuitable for silicate and lime walls. But with concrete and reinforced concrete products, latex paint is combined perfectly.

Silicone acrylic paints

Silicone-acrylic paint has absorbed the advantages of both emulsions of which it consists. This composition is almost universal and can be used on almost all surfaces. Also, this coating is durable and does not require special operating conditions.

Silicone emulsion paints

Silicone emulsion paints also have a number of distinctive features. First of all, it is high vapor permeability. This feature allows you to use the paint not only outside the building, but also inside, even if the waterproofing of the foundation leaves much to be desired. Fungi, mold and microorganisms do not develop on such a coating. The connecting element of these dyes is silicone resin, which can form a matte dense film, which makes them ideal for wet rooms.

mineral paints

Mineral paints contain cement, lime is present, which is very environmentally friendly. In addition, it significantly reduces the cost of this paintwork. Mineral paints can be applied to most surfaces on the outside of a building. They are wonderful at taking in and evaporating water, but suffer from constant rain. It is best to cover brick or concrete with mineral paint, having previously plastered it. It is absolutely incompatible with wooden and metal surfaces.

Silicate facade paints mostly consist of liquid silicate glass and organic additives. They do not repel water very well, but they have excellent vapor permeability. This type of paint is strong enough, it does not fade in the sun, although after a while it begins to fade. On a pre-prepared surface, it fits perfectly. Subsequently, it does not suffer from pollution. Primarily, silicate paints were created for application to limestone building blocks.

Silicone modified paints

home distinguishing feature silicone-modified paints - excellent adhesion. They are popular due to their high vapor permeability and UV resistance. They protect the material on which they are applied. With this paint, your facade is not afraid of the sun's rays and precipitation. It will not lose color, will not begin to collapse, and will not even be covered with microcracks. Due to the ability to keep the surface intact, silicone-modified paints are used for buildings, buildings or problem areas. They enjoy special respect among restorers.

Polysilicon paints

Polysilicon, or, as it is otherwise called, silicate-ash facade paint is a modification of the silicate coating. Its price is much higher than that of other types of paint, but this is justified by the improved characteristics. However, she has one drawback. It's not the most pleasant smell. After painting, it quickly disappears, and when the coating dries, there is not a trace left of it.

When choosing a facade paint, you should pay attention to several factors. But the main one is the compatibility of the selected paintwork with the surface on which it is to be applied.

Dispersion paints

Even for outdoor work, dispersion paint is often used, but it should not be used for facades. She reacts rudely to weather and is suitable only for covered verandas. Main enemy such paint - humidity. Because of it, not only mold, but even moss can start on the surface.

For facades with complex design, consisting of metal, wood, gypsum, concrete goods and other materials, universal dyes are best suited. To use them, you first need to cover the surface with a specialized type of primer. If necessary, you can mix paints of different composition, but one shade.

Application of facade dyes on different types of surfaces

Very rarely, facade paint can be applied to the surface immediately, without preparation.

You almost always need to do a number of things before doing this, namely:

• clean the surface of the old paint, dirt and dust;
• strengthen the surface layer, if necessary;
• repair cracks, if any;
• plaster (depending on the surface, this may not be necessary);
• cover the surface with a primer;
• paint.

For painting, there are many devices, as a rule, the instructions say which one to use. You may need a roller or a wide brush, spray gun or a special machine for painting.

Safety rules when working with dyes

1. All attachments must be checked before use, they must be fully functional, and their parts must be intact.
2. Before work, it is required to wear overalls and gloves, to protect the head, eyes and respiratory tract. Shoes must not slip. It is desirable that its sole was thicker.
3. A stepladder is required for painting a one-story building, while installation equipment and insurance are required for multi-story buildings. It is also important to consider the weather conditions strong wind work is strictly prohibited.

related materials

Floors have always been the hallmark of any home. After all, despite impeccable design and luxurious furniture, the first thing your guests will see when entering a house or apartment is the floors. In fact, the overall impression of your residential or industrial premises depends on the choice of floors.

Against the background of dark, bright and bold house exterior colors, this year's hot trend, white and beige colors seem very vanilla. “Choosing bold colors that you love can instantly lift the energy for your mood and setting, and it can make you gravitate towards a space you’ve previously avoided,” says interior design expert Shayna Blaze.