Treatment of facing bricks from destruction. Protective impregnation for bricks

Brick is afraid of moisture. In spring and summer - it's time to take care of protecting the brickwork from destruction due to moisture.

Brick, a popular material in construction, tends to collapse. Often this happens in individual houses: moisture gets into the joints and seams between the bricks, settles in them, freezes in winter and destroys the house from the inside.

But how to understand that the process of destruction of brickwork has begun? Outwardly, this is manifested by cracks on the walls, the appearance of mold, a decrease thermal insulation properties dwellings. As a result, the cost of heating the house increases.

Rice. 1. The influence of water absorption of bricks on appearance facade

Protection of bricks from moisture is always done with outside Houses. Internal waterproofing works are meaningless and even harmful. If the seams between the bricks are in a satisfactory condition (not affected by moisture), then the walls are first impregnated, which creates a water-repellent effect. If processing of seams is necessary, work on their sealing is first carried out, and then water-repellent impregnations are used.

When grouting, it is necessary to remove crumbled fragments of bricks, then impregnate the wall with water-repellent impregnation and allow it to dry (water-repellent impregnation has high protective properties and is the most common type of impregnation among others). After that, the seams are filled with a frost-resistant sand-cement mortar (for example, domestic Siloxil or its western counterpart Funxil). These solutions are easy to use because they rub well even on wet surfaces.

The solution is rubbed into the wall manually using a board with rubber. In order for the sand-cement mortar to be absorbed well, grouting is done in warm, dry weather. The essence of the method is that the mortar closes the pores both in the seams and in the actual brick surface. On the walls appears thin protective film, which does not allow the structure to collapse for quite a long time.

After grouting, the walls of the house are thoroughly washed with water and, in order to avoid exposure to direct sunlight on the surface of the wall, they are covered with a protective material. After two days, the treated surfaces are once again impregnated with water-repellent impregnation.

Prevention of the destruction of brickwork from moisture are periodic inspections and cleaning of the walls. This must be done at least once a year. Visible dirt, mold and greens are removed with a high-pressure cleaner. This device is used in everyday life for cleaning surfaces from chemical and mechanical contaminants.

Highly effective tool protection of brickwork from the destructive effects of moisture are water repellents, belonging to the category of special tools. This multicomponent preparation is a silicon-based concentrate. Used for processing concrete, brick, ceramic tiles and artificial stone and other materials.

Rice. 2. Wall waterproofing

The competitive advantage of water repellents is that they are very active even on wet surfaces, effective, inexpensive and economical. One liter of the substance is enough to treat 150 meters of surfaces. The cost of processing 1 sq. m wall is only 12.5 rubles. Water repellents increase the strength of the structure by more than a quarter by increasing the frost resistance of brickwork after its processing.

To obtain a working solution of water repellents (there are many varieties of them), the substance is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:30. After that, the mixture is applied in an even single layer on the surface of the brickwork. On the concrete wall(such walls are also destroyed under the influence of moisture) a double layer of water repellent is applied with an interval of 10-15 minutes.

The wall must be clean and dry. If it is contaminated with mold or efflorescence, it must first be cleaned. For this, antiseptics and chemical solutions with a disinfecting effect are used. Mechanical impurities are removed with a strong pressure of water.

Efflorescence is one of the factors in the destruction of brickwork. These are water-salt solutions protruding on the surface of the brick. Efflorescence appears on different reasons: due to poor-quality building materials with incorrect proportions of lime and materials hardening accelerators or due to improperly waterproofed facade.

Rice. 3. Cleaning the walls from efflorescence on a brick facade

Efflorescence is removed with a brush and a solution of acetic acid, ammonia or any cleaning solution. But one wash is not enough. To prevent the process of salt crystallization inside the masonry and its subsequent fungal infection, the facade is treated with a water repellent. The use of hydrophobic impregnations allows you to almost permanently get rid of efflorescence.

Treatment of a brick facade with a water-repellent liquid will provide masonry with water-repellent properties for 10-12 years. Hydrophobization is always carried out exclusively in the warm season.

Hydrophobic treatment of a brick facade for many years provides protection against moisture penetration into the wall - water will simply flow down its surface.

The weak point of the outer brick walls is their mortar joints. Moisture penetrates through them and heat escapes. The technology described below provides them with long-term protection against moisture and reduces heat loss.

Damp brick walls of houses cause tangible losses. Freezing in winter, they make themselves felt by a lack of heat in the premises and an increase in heating costs. Water penetrating into the seams of the masonry, turning into ice in winter, bursts them, gradually destroying the masonry and the brick itself. Energetic owners of their own houses, not understanding the nature of the discomfort that has arisen, strive to make internal thermal insulation of the walls and their subsequent finishing, going at considerable expense. Of course, it becomes warmer from this, but it does not stop the destructive processes in the walls. Still, you should start with the repair of the facade, which, perhaps, will allow you to abandon the insulation of the walls.

Looking for reasons

Moisture penetrates the walls through poor-quality masonry seams or panel joints. This is confirmed by obvious stains, the formation of fungal mold inside the house, damage to the joints visible from the outside and greenery on them.

For the repair of such facades, we offer two options:

if the seams are mostly in order, then the masonry is made hydrophobic by soaking it with the appropriate preparation;
if the seams are in poor condition, then they are first sealed.

brick wall cleaning

The walls are subjected to an annual inspection and any damage found is repaired immediately. Dirt and plants that have appeared on the walls are well removed with a high-pressure cleaner. The homeowner simply needs such a not very expensive and multifunctional machine (suitable for washing vehicles and removing old paint). If contaminants are poorly removed, apply mechanical cleaning or use a special paste. It is applied with a brush. After 30 minutes, it is washed off with dissolved dirt.

Impregnation of brickwork

Even walls saturated with moisture can be treated with a hydrophobic compound. But it is better to do this a few days after the establishment of dry and warm weather. The essence of this treatment is to close the pores in the solution of seams and bricks. The porosity of materials favors the deep penetration of the drug into them. The product creates a colorless, stable, water-repellent and non-wetting film on the wall surface.

In the West, it is most often recommended to use Funcosil (domestic drug Siloxil), which can also be used on wet walls. The product does not contain solvents and is therefore environmentally friendly. However, when processing walls, it is recommended to cover nearby plants with a film.

Pre-sealing brickwork

It is better to call it the repair of joints and masonry, since the crumbling mortar is removed, creating a new filling in them. At the same time, separate collapsing facing bricks are also removed. The seams are first tightly filled with a cement-sand mortar, and then sealed with a special mortar. Embedding is best done with mixtures such as Betonite, Ceresit, Atlas, or self-prepared based on cement. We suggest not sealing each seam separately, but applying and rubbing the solution immediately onto a large surface.

Stages of work:

clean the wall by removing crumbling grout;
change individual collapsing bricks;
make a preliminary impregnation of the wall;
let dry;
close up the seams;
clean the wall and impregnate again.

A minimum of 24 hours is required for pre-impregnation to stabilize. After that, the seams are sealed with a solution.

For the initial sealing of the joints, a cement-sand mortar is prepared using sand up to 2 mm. For the final seal, a board with sponge rubber is used, with which the solution is rubbed. Diagonal movements of the sponge along the seams remove the solution from the surface until it sets. Washed a second time clean water removing traces of the solution. Closed seams are closed from direct sunlight. The second impregnation is carried out after 3 days.

A high-pressure cleaner in steam mode will not only remove dirt and greenery, but also old crumbling mortar from the joints.

Pre-impregnation will protect the old porous mortar in the masonry joints. It is carried out mainly at the seams.

Seams that need to be sealed are tightly filled with cement mortar. It is prepared with sand in a 1:1 ratio.

The final sealing of the seams is carried out with a cement mortar rubbed in a circular motion. Water is added to cement 1:4.

The wall is washed from the solution with diagonal movements with a wet sponge. It is washed twice.

When the seams dry out, the wall is subjected to final impregnation - the facade is like new.

An alternative to proprietary impregnation

The recommended impregnation is not available everywhere. But you can use natural drying oil for these purposes or vegetable oil. They are applied to the wall in a heated form with a brush also twice. But pre-impregnation requires several days to dry.

The construction of houses and other real estate is carried out in many cities, regardless of the number of people living in it. Despite the fact that new, unique building materials have appeared that are used for the construction of structures, preference is still given to classic brick options.

And large construction companies, and ordinary people carry out purchases of bricks only from trusted suppliers. After all, do not forget that we are talking, first of all, about the safety and reliability of the future structure. The strength of the structures under construction has been tested by time. However, there are still moments, as a result of which problems of various sizes may arise with brickwork. To avoid the occurrence of such a situation, a number of preventive measures should be taken in a timely manner to eliminate such a defect.

Brick laying needs to be processed by special means using hydrophobic composition for brick, which will prevent moisture from entering directly into the joints and seams. It would seem that slight exposure to moisture can lead to serious problems: cracks in the wall, decrease in thermal insulation properties, the appearance of mold and other fungi.

masonry protection - an example of plaster

Even if a decision is made to insulate the walls inside the room, this will not solve the problem. Under the influence natural rainfall Negative influence moisture will continue the destructive process of construction. Protect brickwork it is possible if adequate measures are taken in a timely manner, revealing the first signs of the presence of destruction.

Moisture protection

Protection of masonry from moisture should be carried out until the destruction becomes apparent. It would be ideal. But, if time and precipitation have already done their job, then repairs can be done in several ways.

At the same time, one should not forget that even after such measures have been taken to protect the brickwork from the damaging effects of moisture, the surface must be inspected and cleaned at certain intervals. Such inspections should be done at least once a year. It all depends on climatic conditions. visual inspection will allow you to identify existing pollution, the presence of mold, greenery, fungus.

If the listed negative impacts need to clean the surface of the wall. Moreover, it is desirable to carry out this activity manually. If financial possibilities allow, you can purchase a special device that, under high pressure able to clean the surface from any kind of pollution. Having once invested money in such a device, you can use it around the house to clean surfaces, both from chemical and mechanical contaminants.
We offer for viewing the features of processing bricks to protect against moisture:

Seam sealing

Having identified problem areas, it is important to clean the seams between the bricks. All crumbling elements are removed. If the facing brick has lost its original appearance and strength, then it should also be removed from the wall. Next, the brick is treated from moisture, the seams are sealed with a cement-sand mortar. After the final drying, the wall is re-impregnated with a water-repellent agent.

Many people have a question - how to process a brick from destruction. Exist special impregnation for brickwork, which seems to envelop the surface with a kind of film, preventing the penetration of moisture. The main thing is not to process each seam individually, but the entire surface of the wall.

Starting the processing of external walls, care should be taken that all necessary materials you were ready. And it is better to choose a warm sunny day. This will guarantee that a dry wall will be processed, and the applied solution will be quickly absorbed and create the desired effect.

I would like to emphasize that the impregnation for brick from moisture consists of a number of components that contribute to the closure of pores and in cement mortar, and, in fact, in a brick. As a result, a transparent film is formed on the wall, which is completely invisible. At the same time, it reliably protects the wall from moisture penetration.

Any solution can be applied convenient way. Many use a sprayer, while others use a roller or brush. For application, you can purchase funds from both domestic and foreign manufacturers. common feature such means is environmental friendliness and safety.
Video on waterproofing brickwork:

Salt Protection

The brick product is based on components containing only natural raw materials - clay. After a certain period of time, peculiar spots may appear on the surface of the brick - efflorescence. The solution contains a small amount of salts. Of course, white stains greatly spoil the appearance of the wall. But this fact is not the most terrible. The presence of a salt coating on the surface indicates that the process of destruction of both the wall and the mortar is slowly but surely taking place.

To eliminate such a defect as efflorescence, special preparations are used. However, before proceeding with the application of funds, it is necessary to carry out preparations. The condition of the roof is carefully checked, if necessary, a new waterproofing layer is laid, and drains are improved. These preventive measures will reduce the ingress of moisture on the wall.

Vysoly quite often act as one of the first signs of the beginning of the destruction of brickwork.. With the first appearance of specific white plaque you should be extremely careful and vigilant, because cracks, mold, and greenery may appear in the near future.

Do not guess how to process a brick from destruction. To date, water repellents are the most effective means of protecting masonry from moisture and other liquids. This is a special composition of silicon-based components. It is used at many stages of construction to achieve a water-repellent effect. They are processed and fake diamond, and brick, and ceramic tiles, even concrete, slate, cinder block, gypsum, etc.

Masonry protection water repellent increases frost resistance not only individual elements, but of the entire structure. In addition, it helps to improve the indicator of such a property as strength. Quite often, this tool is used in the process of wall cladding, where it is supposed elevated level humidity. Thus, the penetration of moisture into the material is prevented, which in turn prevents the development of microorganisms and fungi.

You can also use a water repellent in the process of painting walls. Such a tandem reduces paint consumption at times, which provides an opportunity to save a little. To work with such a substance, it does not matter at all whether you have experience or special equipment.

The main advantages of a water repellent:

creation of a surface where dust, dirt, etc. do not accumulate;
environmentally friendly;
fireproof;
the appearance of the treated surface does not change;
has a low cost;
durable.

The product is sold in concentrated form and is diluted with water. So, 1 liter of the product can process at least 150 square meters any surface. It is important to properly dilute the working solution. The surface to be treated must be clean and dry. It is better to pre-treat the wall antiseptics to disinfect the surface.

In order to work with such tools, special skills are not required, since ease of use is another advantage of the water repellent. Unlike foreign analogues, domestic concentrate is consumed much less, because even in the presence of moisture additional costs surface treatment is not required.

Impregnation for brick walls applied in a thin layer. If the need arises, then a short interval of 10-15 minutes should be maintained before the next layer. The term of the funds can vary from 10 to 12 years. Throughout the entire period of operation, the wall will be reliably protected from harmful mold and other fungal growths. After processing, the wall does not change its appearance at all.
We offer to watch a video on protecting bricks from efflorescence:

Wind protection

Reasons for the destruction of brickwork may be different. Wind refers to those atmospheric phenomena that have a negative impact on the cement-sand mortar, destroying it. Weathering concrete mix does not happen in one moment.

High-rise buildings are especially affected by the effects of winds, where, in addition to constant air flows, there is also overheating. external walls on the top floors. drops temperature regime significantly affect the number of freeze-thaw cycles of brickwork. Since destruction begins precisely from the seams, when planning the construction of a structure, it is important to choose a cement-sand mortar with high rate frost resistance. The result of painstaking work of winds and rains after a certain period of time leads to partial or complete destruction of the masonry. The options are listed in the link.

If the masonry is made with loose seams, then the frost resistance index decreases significantly. In addition, if poor quality bricks are used in the construction, then such construction is generally doomed to failure. However, even such a building can be given a second life by treating the walls with a water repellent.

Of course, brickwork should not be allowed to such a state.

Brick protection from destruction carried out at the first detection of damage.

For all stages repair work should stock up the right tool and material, namely:

container for mixing the solution;
hose with water;
antiseptics;
roller;
sprayer;
Master OK;
hydrophobic solution;
stairs, etc.

After reviewing the materials of our article, the question "how to protect a brick from destruction" should not arise. Moreover, there are many videos that show in detail each stage of the repair activities.

Moisture protection for bricks is a top priority for any builder. The better the protection of the masonry is, the longer the structure will last. All kinds of destructive factors that natural precipitation has is called the destruction of brickwork. This is a common name among professional building contractors.
If you still have questions, we recommend watching the video protection instructions brick wall from wind and steam:

Types of processing work

Of course, most often the owners of residential premises want to have in the interior. It is performed either using facing tiles or using clinker material. But such grounds do not require additional processing from you.

But those who want to diversify their interior with a real brick wall made of building material, should know several important features that will help achieve the desired result and properly process the surface.

A brick wall can be obtained by tearing off a layer of plaster.

We can assume that walls made of ordinary brick can "breathe". And being in such a room is quite comfortable. But an important factor in the design of this surface are the options for its processing. It can be a natural brick wall that is not modified. There may be a structure covered with a small layer of plaster or paint. For example, White color base is enviably popular, as it softens the rudeness inherent in the raw system by an order of magnitude.

The use of plaster is also quite common in the design.

When applying, use enough thin layer coating that will not be able to cover the color and structural features brickwork. For example, quite often designers use this option, which is based on achieving contrast with white plaster and red brick.

In the case of using the design in its original form, you will have to completely put your hands in order to process it with high quality.

To do this, it is necessary to grout sharp chips, as well as level all the roughness that negatively affects the appearance of the wall.
The next step involves the use of a primer. It is better to choose a more expensive option, as it will better protect your brick wall from possible shedding of building dust. Another option involves coating the brick wall with varnish or paint.

When processing a brick wall, pay attention not only to the masonry itself, but also to various ways stitching seams. It is possible to make them oblique so that the effect of the shadows is most noticeable, or even to achieve the greatest degree of decorativeness. Feel free to experiment with the use of brickwork in the interior, and you will surely achieve unique results.

Color change

If your surface is red either Brown color, but you are not satisfied with this option, it is not at all necessary to dismantle the existing structure and build a new one from a material of a different color. Just enough to process it correctly. There is a way by which you can easily achieve the color of brickwork you need. This method involves the soft coloring of the brick, performed by washing it.

So, you will need:

vacuum cleaner;
sufficiently durable fabric;
soap and a bucket or other container;
paint and a tray for it;
water;
protective gloves (rubber).

To paint a brick wall a different color, you will need rubber gloves to protect your hands.

The first thing to do is clear the brick wall. For these purposes, you can use a vacuum cleaner, with its help dirt and dust can be easily removed from the wall. Next, you can start washing the brick wall, using plain water and soap.

Surface painting work

After the wall dries, start painting it.

To do this, use the paint and a special tray for it. The choice of paint color directly depends on the color of the existing brickwork. Red brick implies the use of white paint, and brown - light beige.
The paint poured into the tray is diluted with water and thoroughly mixed. Water is added until the paint reaches a transparent color. Now, with the help of a pre-prepared rag (wet), each brick in the masonry is treated with the resulting paint.
The rag is dipped in paint, then lightly wrung out, and then produced

Exposed brickwork in a residential interior will definitely not leave you indifferent. Usually, opinions split from loud enthusiasm to sincere misunderstanding: “how can you live with THIS”. However, if you are a fan of industrial and vintage aesthetics, lofts and interiors with a twist, there is no doubt: if the walls in your home are made of brick, you definitely shouldn’t hide such beauty and rich texture!

Interior by Robert Jenny Design

Brick will never look trite, too philistine or pretentious and will be a great backdrop for both modern and classic furniture. At the same time, you do not have to leave untouched masonry everywhere, one accent wall is enough in any room to your taste: from the living room and bedroom to the kitchen and bathroom. You do not have to puzzle over leveling, puttying and finishing a brick wall, however, you still have to carry out some cosmetic procedures. Let's deal with everything in order!

Photo: StruXture Photography

Cleaning and preparation of old brickwork

Brickwork, especially if it is old, must first be cleaned of old plaster and dirt. To do this, it is enough to spray a solution of vinegar with water or a solution of a small amount on the wall. washing powder with water and 30 gm salt and wipe it with a cloth. If the dirt is strong, you can try to wipe it off with a stiff brush, but this should be done carefully and somewhere on the edge. Only after making sure that the brick does not begin to crumble, move to the central sections of the wall.

Design by Laura Garner

Advice: caustic chemicals for cleaning brick walls should be used as carefully as possible and only in cases where it is simply impossible to do otherwise.

If the pollution is strong or we are talking about a brick fireplace, you can use professional cleaners, for example: Neomid 550, Tiprom OTs, Antisoleks. Remember that they should be diluted with water and applied only with rubber gloves, taking care to protect the eyes from caustic substances.

Design by InDesign / Lori Ludwick

It is likely that old brick will require additional polishing. This can be done using a grinder, a drill with a special nozzle, or wooden block wrapped in sandpaper.

Bold decor: graffiti over brickwork, CityLoft interior

In rooms with high humidity, such as a bathroom or kitchen, brickwork needs especially thorough pre-treatment in order to prevent the appearance of fungus and mold on its surface.

Reminder: if the mortar between the bricks began to crumble, it should definitely be updated, especially when it comes to wet rooms.

Interior by Todd Arenson Construction

To strengthen the mortar, the seams between the bricks are cleared (“embroidered”) from the old mortar to a depth of about 2 cm, the surface is wiped with a damp cloth, and then filled with fresh mortar using a narrow spatula so that the surface is as smooth as possible. The process is laborious, however, you only have to do it once.

Photo: Corynne Pless

After a couple of days, when the grout between the seams dries, the brick wall can be treated with a finish coat.

Masonry processing

The texture of a brick in the interior looks good on its own, however, this does not mean that its surface does not need to be processed, especially when it comes to a wall in the bathroom or an apron in the kitchen. This material is porous, which means that it will instantly absorb any splashes of grease, dirt, household chemicals and smells. Of course, your wall will not collapse from a couple of extra spots, but the aesthetic component will be spoiled.

Brick apron in the kitchen, design by Luxe Interior International

Processing with a special transparent composition will keep the surface in its original form and protect you from mold. What could it be?

Brick and tile can be quite harmoniously combined in one interior design British Standard by Plain English

Protect stone and brick from moisture, detergents and fat can be using impregnate. This is a composition of polymers, siloxane compounds and carbohydrates that penetrates into the pores without clogging them, but polymerizing, which means that the material continues to breathe. On sale it is easy to find ecological compounds that are completely harmless for use in the kitchen, but will not allow stains from anything to appear on a brick wall.

Brick in the interior of the bathroom, designed by The Ransom Company

Advice: impregnation for a brick wall is preferable to the usual varnish and wax, as it does not clog the pores of the material and does not form a film on its surface, which will inevitably begin to wear off over time. Among the advantages of varnish can be attributed to its significantly lower cost.

Design by Impact Remodeling and Construction

Imprgnats are part of the group water repellents - water-repellent impregnation, which are also actively used for processing bricks both inside and outside the house. Water repellents penetrate into the pores of the material and, reacting, form a kind of sealant inside them, due to which water, grease, oil and other undesirable substances cannot penetrate into the brick. Water repellents are environmentally friendly, protect the surface from mold, fungus and ultraviolet radiation, without affecting the appearance of the wall in any way. In addition, the surface treated with such a composition is more resistant to mechanical damage and dry cleaning.

We paint a brick wall in the interior

The brick retains its lively and attractive texture even under a layer of paint. For a bedroom or living room, many designers are happy to give preference decorative painting in bright hues, which looks more gentle and sophisticated and allows you to combine all the architectural elements of the wall: cornices, niches, ledges. Most often in interiors, especially Scandinavian designers, you can find white paint, which is great for small rooms.

Interior by The Grene Group

Reminder: The porous texture of brick absorbs paint very well, so don't rush if you're not sure if you want to paint your wall. You will have to remove the paint with caustic solvents and, possibly, with the help of professionals.

Photo: Corynne Pless

If you want an unobtrusive brick texture, paint the wall with several layers of white paint, if you want to add the effect of a worn, old surface through which the original color looks through, dilute the white paint with water. Start with 3 parts paint to 1 part water and apply with a large brush free movements. After allowing the composition to soak a little into the surface, it can be reapplied, independently varying the amount of water and smudges.

White paint with deliberate scuffs, interior by Increation

Advice: if white is not to your liking, choose gray paint for a brick wall - this is a universal backdrop for any furniture and accessories.

A white or gray brick wall is perfect for displaying a collection of paintings or family photos, design Mikel Irastorza

Another interesting option decor of a brick wall, the so-called "bog" brick. If the original color of the brick seems too light to you, it, by analogy with wood, can be stained. The brick will darken, keeping its texture in its original form. In this way, you can create a truly striking effect of old masonry even in a new house, although it will take a lot of time. To make the effect of aging look natural, you will have to paint almost every brick separately with a small brush.

The effect of very old or "bog" bricks, design Laura Garner

Brickwork in the interior is a solution that does not become obsolete and has not gone out of fashion for many years. Of course, such a wall will require some restoration and processing measures, however, all of them are not comparable in terms of money and time costs with ordinary leveling, putty and plaster and will definitely not create a unique atmosphere in your home.