Growing and caring for indoor violets. Air humidity is a necessary condition for flowering

How to grow indoor violets at home?

Violet- This is a houseplant, which is a rosette of rounded leaves, which is attached directly to the root system. The complete absence of a stem makes it unlike all other decorative flowers. Inveterate florists love violet for its bright and memorable appearance. Unlike many other indoor plants, it has a variety of colors, which allows you to create with its help floristic compositions that become the highlight of the living space.

But still the violet has small flaw. She loves to be carefully looked after. In case you do it wrong, then please you with your bright bloom she probably won't. If you want to know how to properly water, feed and transplant violets, then read our article.

Indoor violets: leaf propagation step by step

Violets: leaf propagation

If you decide to propagate the violet yourself, then the first thing you need to do is find a healthy and strong leaf, which will later become a new flower. It is best to take it from an adult plant that grows well and does not get sick with anything. It is desirable to cut it off in the second row of leaves or under a flowering rosette.

But those leaves that are at the very top or bottom of the flower are not suitable for transplantation. The lower leaves are not suitable for this purpose due to the fact that they are prone to decay, and the uppermost ones, as a rule, are not yet sufficiently developed to take root successfully.

• Gently pinch off a leaf from an adult violet and carefully examine it from all sides. Be sure to check that there are no stains or damage on it.
• The next step is to prepare the leaflet. To do this, you will need to take a sharp knife and cut off its stem at an angle of 45 degrees. Such manipulation will increase the area on which roots will begin to form, which will subsequently form a fairly powerful root system.
• Then prepare the dishes in which you will dip the leaves. It will be better if these are containers with a thin neck. If you do not have anything like that, then take an ordinary plastic cup, just do not lower the leaf into it without a paper lid with a slot.
• Next, dissolve in water Activated carbon and pour the resulting liquid into prepared containers. If you do not want to prepare such a solution, then mix distilled and ordinary water in equal parts. In this case, you will also get a weakly disinfected environment with a minimum number of microorganisms.
• Pour disinfected water into containers and dip prepared violet leaves into them. If you want to avoid rotting, then make sure that their stalk falls into the water by no more than 1 centimeter.
• Place the containers with the leaves in a place where there is enough light during the day, but at the same time make sure that they are not exposed to direct sunlight during the day. Also, do not forget to ensure that the water in the containers always remains at the same level, and if necessary, add it periodically.
• After the leaf has roots, carefully transplant it into the ground. Do everything so that the young roots are not damaged, and in no case do not deeply deepen the leaf into the soil. By such actions, you will only delay the development of a full-fledged plant.

How many days does it take for violets to have roots?

In the process of rooting, we do not change the water, but add it as it evaporates.

As practice shows, on average, the roots of the cut leaves begin to appear approximately 20 days after they were lowered into the water. But, of course, this is not always the case. This process is influenced by the water into which the plant material was lowered, the very condition of the leaf, and no matter how ridiculous it may sound, the season. Those who are engaged in breeding indoor plants know that at the end of winter and the beginning of spring, everyone decorative flowers are starting to develop.

Due to the fact that during this period they begin to receive much more natural light and heat, all their processes are accelerated and, as a result, they begin to bloom more intensively and produce leaves. These processes slow down by the end of summer, and practically stop in autumn. In view of this, if you propagate violet in the spring, then its leaf can take root even after two weeks. If you try to do this in summer or autumn, you will be able to see the first roots only after a month and a half.

Soil, land for growing violets

Soil nutritious "Violet"

I would like to say right away that violets categorically do not tolerate soil teeming with bacteria and microorganisms, and that is why the “dig up near the house” option will definitely not suit you. If you do this, then your plant will grow poorly or, in general, will die. In view of this, it will be better if you still take care that your houseplants grow in the right soil.

Moreover, if you wish, you can buy it at any specialized store without any problems. Well, if for some reason you don’t like the purchased soil, you can quite easily prepare it yourself. For those who do not know how to do it correctly, below we present several ways cooking lung and useful soil which is ideal for growing indoor plants.

So:

• The easiest way to prepare the right soil is to mix one part of ordinary soil with two parts of peat and add to all this not a large number of moss-sphagnum. After thorough mixing of all components, the product can be laid out in flower pots and young violets can be planted in it.
• In case you want to do it yourself for real good soil, then take 6-8 parts of high-quality peat and add one part of sphagnum moss, perlite, vermiculite and charcoal. In this case, you will get loose soil, which will prevent the growth of putrefactive bacteria and contribute to the faster development of the flower.

Watering violets through a wick

Watering violets through a wick

Most beginner flower growers make the same mistake when growing violets. They water it in the same way as other houseplants. As a rule, with such watering, some part of the moisture inevitably falls on the leaves and stems, and as a result, pathogenic bacteria begin to multiply intensively there, which provoke decay. In view of this, it will be better if you water violets through a wick.

For such watering, you will need to stretch a piece of fabric or rope into the hole that is in the bottom even at the stage of planting a flower. One end of it should reach approximately half the pot, and the other should have a length that would allow it to get life-giving moisture from the very bottom of the water container. So, after the wick is drawn into the pot, it will need to be installed in a container of water so that the bottom does not touch the liquid, but at the same time, almost all of the wick is lowered into it.

If you do everything right, then you no longer have to monitor whether the soil dries up in flower pot. The plant, if necessary, will itself take the amount of moisture it needs, thereby helping to ensure that the soil in the pot has ideal moisture.

Lighting, air humidity for violets: requirements

Lighting violets at home

As you probably already understood, when growing violets, it is necessary to take into account all the seemingly unimportant nuances at first glance. In view of this, if you want this houseplant all year round pleased you with its beauty, then be sure to also monitor the lighting and air humidity in the room in which it stands.

For example, in order for a violet to bloom intensively, it needs at least 12 hours a day to receive a sufficient amount of light. For this reason, if it happens that your flowers are standing in a room in which there is not enough natural light, then be sure to consider turning on electric lamps.

As for humidity, ideally, its performance should be kept at around 70-80%. Of course, in an apartment or in a house with batteries, such humidity is rare. But still, in this case, there is an opportunity to solve the problem. You can spray water in the room with a spray bottle 2-3 times a day, or simply periodically put wet pieces of matter on the batteries.

What fertilizer to use for growing violets?

Fertilizers for violets

Violets, like other ornamental plants, need additional feeding. If you stick them in the ground and just occasionally water them, they will definitely not grow normally. In view of this, it will be better if you periodically enrich them with useful trace elements. As practice shows, if violets are not fertilized at least once a month, then they begin to grow much worse and stop blooming.

As for what fertilizers to use for the normal growth of violets, then each person must decide for himself what fertilizer he is willing to spend on. And this means that you can buy any top dressing ( Peters, Etisso, Valagro ), the main thing is that in its composition there should be a maximum of substances useful for the plant.

Optimal composition fertilizer for violets:

• Potassium
• Phosphorus
• Sodium
• Magnesium
• Molybdenum

Yes, and remember that even the best fertilizer must be used as carefully as possible. Therefore, in no case should you exceed the dosages indicated on the labels and carry out top dressing strictly following all instructions. It can be entered in two ways.

If it is planned, then simply dilute the fertilizer in water and saturate the soil with it (you can just water the violet with it or put the plant pot in the fertilizer pan). If your plant needs emergency help, then you can pour the diluted fertilizer into a spray bottle and spray it over the flower.

Is the fertilizer Peters, Kind Force, Fertika suitable for growing violets?

Fertilizer Good power

Peters, Dobraja Sila and Fertika are the ideal supplements for feeding violets at all stages of their growth and development. Since they belong to complex fertilizers, with their help you can solve almost all the problems that arise in this ornamental plant. You can increase the protective forces of the flower, stimulate their growth and flowering and contribute to good development root system.

Moreover, if you use these particular fertilizers, you can reduce the number of transplants to a minimum, thereby relieving the flower of unnecessary stress. Due to the fact that he will not need to regularly restore his root system, he will bloom almost without interruption.

When is the best time to plant and transplant indoor violets?

Optimal time for transplanting violets

Above, we have already told you how the violet behaves in different time of the year. And if you were attentive, you probably remembered that late autumn and in winter it practically stops growing and blooming, or, as advanced flower growers say, falls into a dormant state. Of course, if you try to transplant it during this period, then it will definitely not take root well in a new place.

If you want the flower to take root as quickly as possible in a new pot, then transplant it in spring or early summer. True, and in this case there is one nuance. Violets do not tolerate heat very well. Therefore, if you want everything to go well, then choose the time of transplantation so that at least two days after the leaf was transferred to the soil on the street, it was cloudy.

If you have to transplant the violet during the period when it falls into a dormant state, then be sure to provide it with the right amount of light. This can be done with indoor lighting.

How to plant or transplant violets?

Violet transplant at home

Remember, if you need to transplant a violet, then you need to do this with a complete replacement of the soil. As practice shows, no matter how regularly fertilizing is carried out, the soil is still depleted and, as a result, the transplanted plant does not have the opportunity to receive useful substances in in full. Therefore, it will be better if you prepare fresh soil in advance and only after that proceed with planting violets.

So:

• To begin with, slightly tilt the pot and scrolling through the flower, try to get it along with the soil.
• Next, we begin to clean the roots of the plant from the old soil. This can be done by hand or by simple shaking.
• At the next stage, we begin to inspect our plant
• We remove dry flowers, yellowed leaves and rotten roots.
• So that this whole procedure does not harm the violets, we cover all the places of the cuts with crushed activated carbon
• We take a thoroughly washed pot and lay a drainage layer in it (expanded clay or polystyrene)
• Pour soil on top of it (we told you how to cook it a little higher)
• We put a violet on it, carefully distribute all its roots, and then again sprinkle everything with a layer of soil
• Let the violet stand for one day, and then water it and send it back to the window

Care for violets in spring, summer, autumn, winter

violet care

As for care in spring, summer and autumn, it is quite standard. All that will be required of you is to regularly water the flower and do not forget to feed. If you do all this on time, then the violet will definitely delight you with its bright look. But with the advent of winter, care for violets becomes a little different.

First, you must do everything so that during the day she receives right amount Sveta. Therefore, it will be better if you move it to the sunny side or try to turn on the room lighting immediately after it starts to get dark. Secondly, during this period, it is necessary to strictly monitor the humidity and temperature in the room. If these figures are very low, then the flower will surely die.

It is also worth remembering that violets do not need to be fed in winter. You can quite easily spend the last top dressing in November, and next time add nutrients to the soil as early as the beginning of March. During the dormant period, the violet will rejuvenate and with the advent of spring it will begin to delight you with a large number of bright flowers.

Why violets do not bloom, how to make them bloom?

Reasons preventing violets from blooming

If you notice that your violets release leaves, but do not appear on their outlet bright flowers, then this is a sure sign that the plant does not like something. The most unpleasant thing in this situation is that if you do not eliminate the reasons that do not blow the flower to develop correctly, then in the end this can lead to its death.

Reasons preventing violets from blooming:

• Lack of light (poor room lighting)
• Incorrect top dressing of an adult flower
• Too dry or too wet potting soil
• Air humidity below 30%
• Too dense soil
• Various diseases and pests

As you can see, there are quite a few reasons why a violet may refuse to bloom. And this means that in order for your indoor flower began to please you again delicate flowers, you definitely need to make sure that he gets everything he needs. Believe me, if you take good care of your room beauty, then you will definitely not have such problems.

Spots on violet leaves: what to do?

spots on violet leaves

Beginning flower growers, seeing spots on violet leaves, are immediately upset as they think that they are a harbinger of the death of a flower. In fact, in this way he can respond to changes in the environment. For example, if a flower evaporates more moisture than it receives, then its leaves become covered with brownish spots.

Yellow spots indicate that the plant has received sunburn and it urgently needs to be removed from the sun. Watery lesions white color appear with abundant watering or a sharp temperature drop. Immediately I want to say that it is not necessary to treat the affected leaves, if you want the plant to improve, just remove them, and coat the cuts with crushed activated charcoal.

Diseases of violets with photos and their treatment

No matter how unpleasant it is to admit it, sometimes even with proper care, a violet can get sick. In this case, the cause of problems are microscopic pests that damage the leaves, stems and roots of the plant.

Such diseases are more dangerous than nursing ones, and therefore it is necessary to get rid of them as soon as possible. If this is not done, then the flower will inevitably die, infecting all those plants that stood near it.

Diseases and their treatment:

• late blight(you can get rid of this disease with the help of Fitosporin, by spraying the affected plant).

• Fusarium(you can try to get rid of the problem with any fungicide suitable for combating houseplant diseases).

Violets or saintpaulias surprise with their variety of shapes and colors. There are a huge number of violets that delight with their beauty even without flowers, especially variegated. They are able to decorate any interior. But still, most flower growers plant violets not because of the foliage, but because of the beautiful flowers. With good care, Saintpaulias delight their owners with flowering almost all year round.

Different types and varieties of indoor violets differ in flowering, the shape and size of rosettes, the color and shape of foliage. They are combined into groups by which it is easier to distinguish them. There are classic, fantasy, border, bluebell violets, star violets, wasp violets and chimera violets. All of them have their own zest and are beautiful in their own way, and each grower can choose a flower to his liking.

The flowers of indoor violets are simple, five-membered or double, 2.5 to 9 centimeters in diameter, from 2 to 7 pieces are collected on pedicels. The color is varied: white, pink, purple, lilac, lilac, blue and two-tone. The hearts of the flower and the border along the edges of the petals can be painted in contrasting colors.

Violet has a short stem. The plant forms a rosette of leaves. In different varieties of violets, the diameter of the outlet ranges from 7 to 45 centimeters. The leaves are oblong-oval or rounded, fleshy, with slightly serrated or smooth edges and juicy cuttings. The color of the foliage, depending on the species, can be from light to dark green. In variegated varieties, the leaves may be interspersed with other (contrasting) colors. The root system is superficial.

The aroma of violets has a beneficial effect on human body. It improves mood, relieves stress, relieves insomnia, expels negative energy, positively affects the atmosphere in the house. In addition, the flower does not cause allergies.

When do violets bloom?

Violet, depending on varietal characteristics and care, blooms up to 9-10 months.
On one peduncle, the buds remain for 2 months, after which there is a break for 2-3 months. At the same time, violet grows new foliage, and flower stalks with buds appear in the axils.

Abundant flowering of violets is laid at the genetic level. Varieties that, when flowering, form no more than 3 peduncles cannot bloom magnificently. In order for the plant to please with voluminous flowering, you need to choose the right variety and provide it with good care.

a lack of sunlight is a fairly common reason for the lack of buds.

Improper placement of flower pots leads to a weakening of the violet. It is easy to recognize by the leaves, they are pulled up. Excess light is also dangerous for the flower, it leads to sunburn.

1. Light day for violets should be about 12 hours. If it is shorter, then flowers may not be received, and if it is, it will turn out to be meager and short-lived.
2. A violet with dark green, dense foliage needs more light than a flower with light, wavy leaves. The plant should not touch the cold window glass.
3. In summer, the air temperature in the room should be 20-24 degrees, in autumn and winter 18 degrees.
4. During top dressing, you can not use a large amount of nitrogen fertilizers. They contribute to the active growth of green mass, while flower stalks appear later. If fertilizers contain a lot of potassium, the violet stops growing and turns yellow.
5. Air humidity for comfortable violet conditions should be 50%. If the air is dry, it must be artificially humidified.
6. You need to water the flower as the soil in the pot dries up.
7. The soil for growing violets should be light, breathable and loose. Once a year, you need to transplant a flower into a new soil.
8. The pot must be small and match the size of the plant, otherwise the violet will not bloom.
9. If the plant is more than 3 years old, it needs to be planted, as flowering occurs only on young rosettes.

The lack of flowers is due to improper care, uncomfortable plant conditions, diseases and pests.

1. Violet suffers from direct sunlight.
2. Hot air from radiators should not touch the flower.
3. She loves moderately humid air, direct spraying is not suitable for this.
4. Drafts harm the flower.
5. You need to clean the leaves from dust with a soft damp cloth or brush, you can not wet them.
6. The soil in the pot should not dry out completely or, on the contrary, become swampy.
7. For watering you need to use soft and warm water.

Violet care at home

For the growth and development of violets, certain conditions are needed.
Caring for a violet is not difficult. It needs to provide bright lighting, choose a pot that is suitable for the size of the plant and ensure timely watering and top dressing.

Water the plant with settled water room temperature as the earth dries up. It should not fall on the leaves and the growing point of the flower. Watering the plant from below into the pan is not recommended. At the same time, harmful salts rise into upper layer land, which leads to the need for frequent soil replacement.

To moisturize once a week, violet can be sprayed from a spray bottle. Water must be sprayed at a distance so that drops of moisture do not form on the leaves and flowers, which can lead to their highlighting. This procedure promotes the growth of leaves and moisturizes the dry air in the room. To further increase the humidity between the pots, you need to place containers with water or with expanded clay, sphagnum filled with water.

How to water a violet: video

reproduction

Violets propagate with the help of leafy cuttings from which babies and seeds grow.

A formed leaf is taken from the second lower row of the flower. It is placed in a jar of water and exposed to a warm, bright place, closed from drafts, direct sunlight. After 3.5-4 weeks, roots appear. The cutting is planted in loose soil in a recess up to 2 centimeters, covered with earth and covered with a jar or plastic bag.

You need to water the plant with settled water. Young violets can be planted with well-formed rosettes and 2-3 pairs of leaves. After 3 weeks, the seated children grow.

How to grow a violet from a leaf: video

Growing a flower from seed. You can buy ready-made seeds or collect them yourself. In this case, you need to put two different-sex flowers next to each other. After pollination, a mother box appears. When it dries, you can collect the seeds. They are sown in grooves, and after they germinate and reach 3-4 centimeters in height, the plants are planted in pots.

If the crown of the plant greatly exceeds the size of the pot or the roots have completely filled the pot and make their way through the drainage holes, the plant should be transplanted into a larger pot.

This is done at the end of flowering violets. Transplanting to a new land every 6-12 months allows you to saturate the plant with nutrients. At the same time, it is necessary to preserve the earthen ball on the roots as much as possible, then the plant will quickly grow.

If a transplant is not required, you can simply feed the flower with special fertilizers.

Land for adult violets should include:

• 1.5 kilograms of leafy soil,
• 800 grams of peat,
• 300 grams of perlite, vermiculite or coarse sand,
• 100 grams of coconut substrate,
• 100 grams of chopped sphagnum moss,
• 20 grams of crushed charcoal.

Uncut sphagnum or vermiculite is used as drainage.

The diameter of the flower outlet should be 3 times the diameter of the pot. Large varieties of violets can also be planted in large pots with a diameter of 13 centimeters (for annual plant). In small pots large varieties cannot gain leaf mass, which leads to a lack of buds.

How to transplant violets: video

winter care

• AT winter period the flower needs additional lighting.
• The air temperature should not drop to 17 degrees Celsius.
• If the flower is on the south window, it must be covered from direct sunlight with a transparent curtain or white paper.
• The leaves of the flower should not touch the cold window.
• During the winter period, one feeding is enough for the plant.

Signs of diseases or the presence of pests can be noticed even by a beginner in floriculture. Most often, violet is affected by such diseases and pests as: fusarium, powdery mildew, gray rot and worms, aphids, mites.

Fusarium is a fungus that causes root rot. The disease comes from cold water and frequent watering of the flower. This is manifested by the absence of flowers, the leaves turn gray and fall off. To eliminate the disease, Fundazol and Benomyl are used.

Powdery mildew is an infection that appears when there is a lack of light, a low temperature of the plant (below 18 degrees), and dust accumulation. It forms a white coating that appears on the stems of the plant. To eliminate the disease, a special tool Benlat is used. The stems of the flower should be regularly wiped with a slightly damp cloth, the room should be ventilated daily.

Gray rot appears after frequent watering plants cold water and temperature fluctuations in the room. On petioles and foliage, the disease manifests itself as a gray, fluffy coating. To combat the disease, Agate, Tiram and Fitosparin are used.

Pests can often be found on violets. The worms appear on the roots of the flower. Pests are easy to recognize if you remove the plant from the pot and free the roots from the soil. Violet is also covered with small red spots. Fitoverm is used to eliminate the pest. The roots are cleaned from the soil, washed and processed by Aktara.

Aphids appear in residential premises with purchased flowers from the store or flowers brought from the dacha. Aphids drink juice from a plant, infect buds, flowers. Appeared pests are destroyed with a soapy solution, and in case of severe damage by Mospilan, Actellik.

Ticks appear as red dots and cobwebs on the foliage. Round yellow spots appear on the plant. The affected flower is processed by Aktellik.

What should I do to make the violet bloom?

Flower stalks are formed only when good lighting. Colors are equally important for the duration and intensity of lighting. If a violet grows on a window abundant flowering you can wait until May. Violet should be illuminated daily for 12-14 hours. There is enough light on the window from the beginning of spring until the end of August. In mid-autumn, the lighting period is reduced to 8 hours, in winter it becomes even shorter. It is for this reason that violets on the window bloom only by May. On illuminated racks, violets grow faster and bloom more frequently. The light from the backlight lamp should be brighter than for reading.

For abundant flowering of violets, the root system of the flower must tightly braid the entire pot, otherwise flowering will be short-lived.

To choose the right pot for violets, you need to be guided by the rule: the diameter of the outlet in relation to the diameter of the pot should be 3:1. For a young flower, a pot with a diameter of 5-6 centimeters is enough; for an adult plant, a pot with a diameter of 12-13 centimeters is taken.

How to care for blooming violets

Peduncles appear in the leaf axils. Violets should have fully developed and strong leaves by the time they start flower stalks. The plant during this period needs more nutrients and more moisture, as young roots are laid in it. During the growth period, violets need to be fed once every 2 months, during the flowering period - once a week. As top dressing, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are taken.
In winter, you can use organic matter, for example, an infusion of bird droppings, diluted with water in the ratio of part of the infusion and 30 parts of water.

The appearance of the plant must be adjusted by forming a rosette. She provides the violet correct form and flowering. To do this, you need to cut wilted flowers, damaged, crooked and dry leaves, stepchildren, and small neighboring shoots.
Blooming violet should have 3 rows of leaves. To rejuvenate the flower, the leaves are thinned out, and the bottom row is completely cut off. For pruning, a sharp and alcohol-treated knife is taken.

Blooming violet brings a lot of joy, but the plant also needs rest. After flowering, you need to perform the following actions:

1. Remove dry flower stalks, leave new ones.
2. Transplant the plant at the end of flowering.
3. If the trunk remains, it deepens during transplantation. If desired, it can be cut and placed in water until the roots appear and further planting in the ground.
4. In violets, stepchildren may appear in the axils of foliage instead of peduncles. They are removed.
5. Large stepchildren can be transplanted into a new pot. The second growth point is removed.

If you follow these rules, the plant will rest and will again delight with beautiful and fragrant flowers.

For abundant flowering of violets, you need to provide them with optimal conditions and good care. They reciprocate and delight with lush flowering. These beautiful flowers not only decorate the house, but also normalize the energy in the house.

When choosing violets, how to care for it so that it blooms, you must definitely study in advance. This plant is considered by many to be very capricious, since not every housewife blooms every year. In fact, if you properly care for this flower, then there will be no problems with flowering, but you need to follow some rules. In general, this flower can be grown everywhere, the main thing is that it has enough light, heat and useful trace elements.

Reasons for the lack of flowering

More than a dozen factors are known that can prevent flowering room violet. And this is not a whim of the plant, but a necessity. One such reason is lighting. Violets on the windowsill should be located on the western or eastern side. The plant does not survive exposure to direct sunlight, which is why it stops blooming. In nature, the violet prefers to be under trees that cover it from direct radiation. In winter, additional lighting is required, since the duration of daylight hours for violets is at least 12 hours.

The second important factor is the age of the flower. Only the first 3 years there are no problems, but then the stem begins to become bare, and the old foliage dies off. New leaves appear only at the top. Due to their severity, the stem gradually becomes crooked. All this leads to problems with the supply of nutrients. To eliminate this, it is necessary to rejuvenate the flower. To do this, cut off the outlet, hold it in water until the roots appear, and then plant it in the soil. After that, flowering will definitely be very lush.

The third reason for the lack of flowering is a draft. Indoor violet is not able to withstand a draft, so it is not recommended to leave Saintpaulia in the garden, gazebo or on the balcony.

When violets don't bloom...

Care at home also involves the selection correct soil. It is best to keep the violet in the soil depleted than rich useful substances. Otherwise, the foliage becomes very powerful, side rosettes appear, but the buds with flowers no longer appear. The optimal composition is 1 part of sand and peat and 4 parts of leafy soil.

With fertilizer, too, you need to be very careful. For violets, it is supposed to make a solution with a concentration 3 times less than for ordinary plants. Feeding violets at home should be varied, but its volume is small, as the plant will stop blooming due to powerful foliage and rosettes. By the way, the latter must be removed - this is a kind of plant rejuvenation procedure.

Irrigation is another important factor. Be sure to remember about the regime, since the Saintpaulia will not survive overdrying, but you should not fill it either. All these deviations affect the lack of flowering.

It should also be taken into account that there are many hybrid varieties, which are notable for their short life. After they have faded for a certain period, then the flowers no longer appear.

An important factor is the presence of pests. They also cause partial or complete refusal to bloom. If the plant for a long time not transplanted, then plant residues accumulate in the soil. And this is food for various larvae, nematodes, podura.

Basic conditions required for flowering

Violet is a non-capricious plant, but for its flowering it is necessary to maintain a number of conditions. Here are the main recommendations for agricultural technology:

1. Prepare the ground. It should not be too nutritious. Loosen it.
2. Choose correct pot. It should be 3 times smaller than the outlet itself. It is recommended to choose a narrow and not very deep container. If the rosette is about 20 cm in diameter, then the diameter of the pot should be no more than 10 cm. If the pot is too wide, then flowering will definitely not occur, as the plant will grow foliage, and there will definitely not be any strength left for flowering.
3. Water the violet with melted or settled water, which is heated to room temperature. The procedure is carried out approximately 2-3 times a week, using a moderate amount of water.

To make a violet bloom, you need to create for it the maximum comfortable conditions. It is very important to monitor the humidity of the air, especially in winter time, since heating radiators usually work at this time, which greatly dry the air around. In winter, the plant needs to be watered less. Air is very important for a shrub. Be sure to monitor the cleanliness and wipe the dust from the leaves, otherwise the plant will experience a lack of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Wipe the foliage slightly wet soft cloth. Do not rinse under running water. Dust can be blown off or removed with a soft brush.

As for lighting, it is best to put the pot in partial shade. If there is a tree near the house, then this is the best option. If you cannot find such a place, then it is recommended to darken the glass using a transparent cloth.

It is recommended to reduce the air temperature to 15ºС at night. This also provokes the appearance of a peduncle with buds. If this did not happen, then after a month you need to cut off all the lower leaves. This will be the impetus for the beginning of flowering.

If you replant the plant every year, you will not have to feed it with fertilizers. There will be enough nutrients in the substrate for a year. But if the transplant is infrequent, then you will have to additionally use fertilizers. By the way, violets respond well to fertilizers that contain phosphorus. They will stimulate the appearance of the peduncle. You can use complex mineral fertilizers, but their concentration is supposed to be reduced by 3 times. Special complex fertilizers, which provoke the beginning of flowering - these can also be used.

Growing Features

Home care for violets is simple - there are no special growing technologies, but there are some features. Here are some expert tips:

1. For the violet to have more saturated shade during flowering, it is recommended to water it with a weakly concentrated solution of potassium permanganate.
2. In an adult plant, the leaves that are at the bottom of the stem should be periodically cut. Thanks to this, the rest of the foliage will have a rich emerald hue, and the inflorescences will become brighter.
3. Every 2 years it is supposed to rejuvenate the flower, that is, replace it with new sprouts.
4. In order for the violet to have the correct shape, it is necessary to turn the shrub towards the sun.

As for the removal of the lower leaves, this is not the main requirement, however, in order to get the plant to bloom, it will have to be done. In addition, it is supposed to prune those leaves that turn yellow or were previously injured. The same applies to cases when you need to put the shape of the bush in order. It must be taken into account that correct socket should have 3 rows.

In addition, careful winter care is required so that the flower can survive this season. Be sure to follow these rules:

1. Cold air has a detrimental effect on violets. You should never put a plant in such a place.
2. Dry air will also not be beneficial, although it will not completely destroy the bush, but it will not be possible to wait for flowering either. It is recommended to humidify the air by spraying directly near the bush, or simply place any container with water next to it.
3. The lack of light in winter has a bad effect on Saintpaulia. It is necessary to lengthen daylight hours up to 12 hours, using additional special phytolamps.
4. Air temperature plays a very important role. In winter, it must be maintained at 23ºС.
5. It is forbidden to fertilize violets in winter and autumn. Top dressing is supposed to be applied only in summer and spring, and the amount of the substance is supposed to be reduced by 2 times.
6. Protect the ground and underground part of Saintpaulia from the cold. To do this, place a wooden board or polystyrene under the pot, and move the leaves away from the window glass or lay it with newspaper. Seal all cracks in window frames.

This will be enough to protect the violet in winter.

Transplant and reproduction

Violet can be transplanted in several ways. They differ depending on the reasons that prompted such actions. The first method is a transplant, in which it is completely necessary to replace the soil. This method is used when the saintpaulia completely withers, the soil turns sour, or when the previous soil has been used for more than 2 years. In this case, the flower must be removed from the pot, gently shake the soil from the roots, while helping with your hands. Cut off all rotting and old roots. Remove soft leaves and dried flower stalks. When such a transplant is over, it is recommended to keep the violet in the greenhouse for the first time. Watering is supposed to be no earlier than 12 hours after the end of the procedure.

Transplantation can also be carried out by another method - transshipment of the plant. This method is used when the previous container becomes too small for the flower. The requirements for this method are very simple. It is necessary to save all the soil around the roots so as not to provoke the appearance of stress. A sufficiently large drainage layer should be made in the new container, since its presence is very important for violets. Then move the earth lump from the previous container, then add the substrate and compact it.

Transplantation also involves the use of a third method - partial soil replacement. This method is due to the fact that the violet needs to periodically change its place of residence. Such a planned transplant involves removing the flower from the container, getting rid of the crumbling substrate, partial replacement of the soil and drainage. It is necessary to ensure that the growing point is always on the same level with the ground.

Violets reproduce in several ways. The whole process is quite simple, except for the method using seeds, which is considered more laborious, and it does not always live up to expectations.

The first method is the division of the bush. As the bush grows, more and more rosettes appear gradually. It is necessary to divide the bush, while trying not to injure it once again. The result will be several smaller bushes. Such reproduction requires that each rosette has at least a few roots. In addition, it is necessary to observe the proportion between the ground and underground parts of the plant.

The second method is leaf propagation. In this case, the petiole should be about 4-7 cm long. On the mother plant, it is necessary that part of the cutting remains. Choose it from the middle rows, since the leaves that are located below are too old, so that rooting is difficult. The petiole must be cut at an angle of 45º and placed in water.

The third method is reproduction by peduncle. This method is considered more complex than the previous ones. This method is used only in cases where the violet cannot transmit its varietal characteristics through the foliage. From the main plant, you need to cut the peduncle (it can be both flowering and already faded). It should have small leaves. Above them, after 2 cm, make a cut at the top, then root this part.

Conclusion

Growing violets at home is actually an easy job. The main thing is to comply with several simple rules, then the plant will delight every year beautiful flowering.

With daily care at home, violet blooms almost all year round, with short breaks. Important factors affecting the proper growth, development and flowering of violets are heat, water, air and nutrients in the soil.

How to care for delicate violets and secrets lush flowering... Violets need to create a full-fledged care, as a rule, the absence of flowers is associated with a violation of the rules for their maintenance in room culture.

Features of caring for violets at home - temperature regime ...

Violet, known as saintpaulia, is a plant with a somewhat capricious character, therefore, requires a more careful approach. Optimum temperature for keeping indoor violets - 18-25 degrees. At night, a decrease of 3-5 degrees is possible. Be sure to protect the plant from cold and drafts. When airing the room, move the violets to another room, because a sharp change in temperature can delay development. Due to the decrease in temperature, watering should be reduced.

An equally important factor in caring for violets is lighting.

The intensity of lighting should be about 10-12 hours a day. But do not forget that different varieties react differently to light. Those plants with thick, dark green leaves can handle brighter light than their counterparts with paler foliage.

Determine how proper lighting, you can look at the violet leaves.

• If saintpaulia has many flowers and leaves rich color means there is enough light.
• If the leaves stretch upward on long cuttings, then there is little lighting.
• When the leaves are pale and curl down, there is too much light.

Photo violet "hands up" - not enough light.

In winter, the amount of time natural light is shrinking. Therefore, a florist-collector, caring for violets at home in the autumn-winter period, can use artificial lighting. For this you can use fluorescent lamps. It is better to have two lamps. One lamp was yellow color, the other bluish.

Under the condition of artificial lighting, saintpaulias grow faster, form a regular, lush and beautiful rosette.We turn caring for violets into a pleasure.

Additionally, it is desirable to give coverage from November to February. However, if in the summer the flowers do not receive enough light due to the terrain (obstruction of light due to shrubs or trees near the window), you can illuminate the saintpaulias all year round.

It is important to remember that with a lack of light, Saintpaulia will not form buds, and, of course, bloom.

Humidity and proper watering.

Violet care is a real art and serious work at the same time, including watering, fertilizing, creating a favorable humid climate. How often and how much to water violets, how to care for them in order to speed up flowering.

It is important to remember that violet receives oxygen through water, which it needs for normal growth and development. It is necessary to water the plant evenly, while avoiding overdrying of the root system, but also without creating excessive soil moisture.

With an excess of watering, Saintpaulia begins to rot, because. water completely displaces air, and when there is little water, the roots dry out quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly check the humidity of the earth.

At room conditions, it is best to water the violet from a watering can with a narrow and long spout. It is necessary to direct the watering can under the leaves of Saintpaulia.

Ideal water - distilled, should be at room temperature or no more than 5 degrees above or below room temperature. Using too cold or hot water contributes to the appearance of yellow spots on the leaves that do not go away. If there are on the walls of the pot white coating, then the water contains a lot of salt, and this is harmful to the roots of the plant.

Amateur flower growers quite often use Saintpaulia watering from a pallet. To do this, pour water into the pan and immerse the pot with the socket in it. The pot must have a drainage hole. Thus, the violet will be able to take required amount water.

Violet is watered 1-3 times a week, however, the intensity of watering can vary depending on various factors: air temperature in the apartment, pot material, different lighting, violet flowering. Flowering varieties require more moisture. AT clay pots moisture evaporates faster than plastic.

An important factor in growth is the humidity of the room in which Saintpaulia blooms.

Dry air is harmful to violet - the plant, simply, will begin to die. If the air humidity in the room where Saintpaulia blooms is small, you can artificially raise it. To do this, spray warm water over the air over the plants. However, be careful - during the flowering period of violets, it is unacceptable to get water on the inflorescence.

To make the violet look beautiful and fresh, collectors wash the leaves under a gentle stream warm water. This must be done very carefully, as water can get on the inflorescence and destroy the flower.

Florists often use this technique before the next exhibition. However, you shouldn't get carried away with this.

Violet's nutrient requirements are very high.

In summer, flowers need to be fertilized once every two to three weeks, in the fall they reduce fertilizing, in winter once a month. When buying fertilizer, you must carefully read the instructions.

Violets grow in small pots and the earth in them is quickly depleted, so top dressing is very important for proper growth. Saintpaulias need nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium and sulfur.

When I feed the plants, I'm really just providing it. minerals, and the plant itself already chooses what it needs.

It is better to fertilize often, but with a weak solution. It is never necessary to feed dry plants, this can harm the root system. Before top dressing, the earth should be wet.

There are various types of top dressing for indoor violets.

• By adding fertilizer to the watering can, watering the flower from above. With this method, you need to make sure that the fertilizer does not get on the leaves.
• Another way is through the pallet. This method is very convenient if a large number of plants are available.

But do not forget that improper feeding can be harmful. Therefore, it is better to “not supplement” than to overdo it with fertilizers, otherwise they may “underdevelop” and the buds will fade at the swelling stage.

How to care for violets to bloom profusely.

Each grower himself determines the care for his violets, but a prerequisite for their abundant flowering is optimal lighting, a temperature of about 20 degrees (plus or minus), a nutritious loose substrate with good aeration, high-quality fertilizer and everything else.

Let the violet grow well and form into a strong rosette. If you have just transplanted a violet, then wait a month and a half with top dressing, as there are enough nutrients in the soil. Next, we feed with fertilizer for the development of leaves with a predominance of nitrogen.

At the same time, we do not allow stepchildren to develop, we immediately remove them, thereby destroying the lateral points of growth. Appearing flower stalks, even the smallest ones, are regularly removed. When the rosette is mature and well leafy, it is allowed to bloom.

Having removed the flower stalks for the last time, even tiny ones, we feed the plant with phosphate fertilizer - twice, with an interval of two weeks. At the same time we add light and lengthen daylight hours. In such conditions, flower stalks begin to grow from the very top, almost from the growth point of the rosette. Young leaves grow intensively at the crown and flower stalks are laid right there in their axils.

From my own experience I was convinced that the smaller the pot, the more abundant the flowering. Miscellaneous conditions illumination and the length of daylight hours can give very different results. And of course, it all depends on the grade of the Uzumbar violet.

Little tips for home care and the content of Saintpaulia:

• The leaves are pale green, which means the violet is freezing. Try to change the habitat;
• If the foliage of Saintpaulia is not too thick, it is necessary to spray over the plant with warm water;
• If you need to delay flowering, then the violet houseplant is watered abundantly and created high humidity air;
• Alternate plant nutrition with minerals;
• For better growth and abundant flowering, it is useful to water the violet 2-3 times a year with a weak (slightly pinkish) solution of potassium permanganate.

For home growing healthy and flowering plant it is enough to follow the appropriate rules for caring for violets. Then saintpaulia will delight you with its beauty almost all year round.

Violet is one of the flowers, in which even the name speaks of its tenderness and sophisticated simplicity. Even if this flower is simple, do not believe the one who says that it is easy to grow it at home. It will not be easy for a beginner grower to learn all the tricks of caring for violets in order to ensure a comfortable existence for the flower in a pot on the windowsill of your home.

Brief description of the flower

Violet in its wild form is common in regions with temperate climate, in North America, Japan and the Andes, where more than 400 species of this plant are concentrated. According to some reports, there are about 700 varieties of violets and hybrids, including cultivated indoor, garden and greenhouse species. The Latin name for violets is Viola, and the common Russian name is Pansies.

1. Roots decorative indoor violets are superficial, the depth in the soil is no more than 20-30 cm, so they can be grown in small pots that fit even on the narrowest window sill or shelf.
2. Violet potted refers to perennial herbaceous plants, the height of the bush is small, only 15-20 cm.
3. Leaves and stipules plants grow profusely in the lower part of the bush, giving the tip to peduncles with flowers of the most iridescent shades. The structure of the leaves is retracted, oval-shaped, pointed at the tips, their color can be rich green, as they grow, some of them become green-purple or dark purple (depending on the variety).
4. violet flowers domestic bisexual, that is, self-pollinating. The size of the flowers varies (from cultivar) from 2 to 6 cm, the shape can be simple with smooth petals(5 pieces) and are located in one tier, or terry - in 3-4 tiers with curly edges.

Violet propagates by rooting a leaf, or even parts of it, do it in water or in an earthen substrate. If the reproduction process is performed correctly, then on the central vein of a leaf or petiole placed in the ground or in water, small roots will soon grow that can develop independently in mature plant. With the growth of 3-5 roots, the leaf can be planted in a pot in a permanent place.

Care Secrets

Caring for a room violet is not an easy task; in order for the plants to bloom wildly, you need to create for them favorable conditions that would meet all the requirements of this capricious flower. Not every novice florist succeeds the first time, sometimes you have to correct mistakes, start from the beginning, look for the most acceptable answers to your questions about growing violets at home.

Such questions arise among inexperienced flower lovers, because they never learned this, there was no need, as they say. But for her birthday, the birthday girl was presented not with an ordinary bouquet of flowers, but with a violet in a pot. The question immediately flashes, and it can even lead to panic fear: “What to do with him now? How to care?

No need to panic, take a look at our page, check out this article, look very interesting video. Half of the work is done, the other half is to follow our recommendations and advice. experienced florist, who in practice, as mistaken as you, has studied all the vagaries of the violet and reveals its secrets to all of us.

substrates

After some time, the owner of a violet in a pot begins to notice that something is wrong with her flower: the leaves wither and droop, the petals fall off, and the pot becomes small. We need to help the plant. The plant must be transplanted into a large container. Let's start with the main one - from the land for transplantation. Ground mixtures for violets must meet the following requirements:

• you need to use only special earthen substrates for violets, they can be purchased at specialized stores;
• additionally buy a bag of vermiculite to create looser soil;
• mix the substrate and vermiculite in a ratio of 1:1;
• stretch a “lace” of elastic nylon into the drainage hole at the bottom of the container, it can be made from old women's tights, fasten it to the height of the pot (see the video for how to do this in practice);
• put a drainage layer of expanded clay, small pebbles or brick chips on the bottom of the container (1/6 of the height of the pot);
• release the violet from the old cramped container, place it in a new pot, you do not need to water the ground, the substrate must be dry;
• Fill the container completely with soil, keeping the plant upright.

Capacities

Violet can be transplanted once every 2-3 years, so you should not immediately use too large pots, otherwise the plant will intensively grow the root system, and you will not wait for flowers from it. A new container must be selected taking into account the increase in the diameter of the pot by 2-3 cm no more. A prerequisite for the tank must be at least 4 drainage holes at the bottom.

Before use for transplantation, containers must be sterilized in hot water dry with disinfectants.

On a note!

The material for the pot can be different: plastic, ceramics, plexiglass. The main condition for the material is environmental friendliness.

Watering secrets

One of the most important points in the care of violets is the organization of watering. You can properly care for violets so that they bloom profusely only by knowing this secret. This plant does not like close contact with water, although it will never give up the necessary moisture. Many flower growers have made the mistake of over watering the surface of the potted soil or even the plant itself when starting violets.

The plant needs water, but in the mountainous areas where wild forms of violets live, wild relatives of indoor plants are used to extracting moisture from rocky soil. This ability has been preserved in the plant at the gene level, so watering the soil only delays the vegetation of the plant and the violet ceases to form flower ovaries.

Our meticulous flower growers found a way out here, of course, not immediately, but spending a lot of time and effort on solving this problem, experimenting with different ways watering a capricious flower. The invention of flower lovers is enclosed in a small cord, which is attached to the surface of the pot and covered with a substrate, and its lower end is threaded into the drainage hole at the bottom of the container.

The lace serves as a conductor from the water container to the violet root system, so the plant receives the necessary amount of moisture. Water in an additional container is changed 1-2 times a month, at the same time fertilizers are dissolved in it. Thus, two problems are solved at once - watering and feeding a flower in a pot (see photo). Violet itself regulates its water balance, so it develops well and blooms profusely.

Fight against midge

Often, when growing potted violets, flower growers have problems with the appearance of black midges on flowers. This phenomenon is caused by the fact that tea brewing is used to fertilize the plant, which deteriorates over time, causes bad smell and the appearance of this notorious midge.

If you use tea leaves, then you need to remove it from the surface of the earth after 2-3 days, until it is completely rotten and has not attracted a whole swarm of midges. But it’s better not to use this improvised fertilizer, but to use proven means for feeding violets.

Midges can fly from one plant to another, maybe the problem is not in the violet, but in the presence of harmful insects on other flowers standing side by side on the same windowsill or shelf. Examine all pots and immediately remove rotting residues in containers with other flowers.

illumination

It should be noted that an important role in caring for violets at home is played by the degree of illumination of the place where they are located. by the most the best option for violets is round-the-clock lighting: natural during the day, and additional at night ( LED lamp). In summer, you need to cover the flower from direct sunlight, avoiding sunburn.

The window sill is chosen as the usual place for violets, but in winter the glass can be very cold, so you should rearrange the pot with the plant in a more warm place or somehow insulate the glass.

Conclusion

Love flowers, because they not only decorate our life, but also create spiritual comfort for us, where there is no place for quarrels, insults and disappointments. Love flowers - live long.