And the graceful beauty, a symbol of tenderness and grace, the patroness of women, the protector from evil spells and the evil eye, the keeper of the house and the hearth - this is mountain ash. Once upon a time, the plant was revered so much that a person could be killed for a felled mountain ash. Large branches of the tree were allowed to be cut only for the magical staves of the druids and sorcerers, and small branches with berries were hung at the entrance to the house as a talisman. Rowan was planted next to housing to improve health and attract good luck.

The times of sorcerers and druids have long passed, but the beauty of the mountain ash and its natural magic have remained unchanged. People, like thousands of years ago, plant it next to the house, use it in decorative, culinary and medicinal purposes.

It's about about rowan red-fruited. The chokeberry, also known to us, is not a different variety or type of mountain ash, but a plant belonging to a different genus. The genus Rowan bears the Latin name Sorbus, while the scientific name of the chokeberry is Aronia (Aronia). These plants, although they belong to the same Rosaceae family, are very distant relatives. The name "chokeberry" arose because of the external similarity of the fruits of mountain ash and chokeberry. In the photo: view of the mountain ash

TYPES OF ROWAN RED

The typical and most famous species of the genus Sorbus, which includes more than 200 species, is mountain ash - Sorbus aucuparia. The natural range of mountain ash is the temperate zone of Eurasia, but at present it is introduced on all continents except Australia and Antarctica. In new places, mountain ash has become part of local phytocenoses. In mountainous areas, mountain ash climbs to a height of up to 3000 m and grows in the form of a shrub on the border of vegetation. Rowan ordinary has pinnate leaves, inflorescences are shields, fruits are scarlet or orange.

Rowan house - S.domestica, heat-loving species with edible fruits. Cultivars of the plant have fruits reaching a mass of 20-22 g and a diameter of 3-3.5 cm.

Rowan rotundifolia - S.aria is characterized by simple whole leaves, with a whitish felt cover on the underside. This is a typical mountain species growing at an altitude of 500 - 1800 m. The life form is a tree.

Rowan Crimean S. taurica and rowan greek S.graeca - mountain bush species mountain ash, in contrast to round-leaved mountain ash, which grows mainly in the form of a tree.

Rowan glogovina (S.torminalis) is sometimes referred to the genus Hawthorn. This light-loving tree with simple leaves and edible fruits is interesting in that it can reach a height of 25 m, which is not typical for mountain ash. Another name for rowan glogovina is bereka.

It is interesting! It is believed that the genus Rowan includes over 200 species, but many taxonomists do not agree with this, highlighting only about 100 species. They believe that some species are just natural hybrids formed as a result of cross-pollination, or varieties that have been influenced by growing conditions. For example, mountain ash Gorodkov(S.gorodkovii), which is sometimes isolated as a hotel species, is sometimes considered as a variety of mountain ash.

VARIETIES OF ROWAN RED

Mountain ash is a plant with two life forms - a shrub and a tree. It is easily formed, grafted, its crown can be given a different shape, and even figures (topiary) can be created.
In landscape design, the weeping form of mountain ash (S.aucuparia pendula) is popular. The falling crown of mountain ash reaches the ground and correct formation the plant is ornamental all year round, even losing foliage.

Decorative varieties of mountain ash are based on hybrids of mountain ash with other types of mountain ash. One of the most famous hybrids - rowan arnold - Obtained by crossing mountain ash (S.aucuparia) and mountain ash bicolor (S.discolor). From this hybrid, by selection, several dozen different varieties were obtained:

"Kirsten Pink" bears fruit color pink and bushy crown; In the photo: view of Rowan round-leaved
"Carpet of Gold", a variety of Dutch selection, with bright yellow fruits;
"Red type" - a variety with decorative white-pink fruits;
"White Max" is characterized by a bushy form and snow-white fruits;
"Schouten" - a variety of Dutch selection with large yellow-orange fruits;
"Shemi Glow" - a tree with a conical crown shape, large leaves (over 20 cm) and brown or fawn fruits.

Another famous hybrid is mountain ash thürengen - the result of crossing mountain ash and round-leaved mountain ash (S.area). On the basis of this hybrid, many well-known decorative varieties of mountain ash were obtained:
"Leonard Springer" - reaches 8-10 m in height, has a dense ovoid crown, which becomes sprawling with age, leathery leaves, dark green, in the summer. Large (up to 1.5 cm in diameter) scarlet or orange fruits remain on the branches for a long time;
"Fastigiata" - a slow-growing variety with a cone-shaped crown, with pinnately lobed hard dark green leaves and bright red fruits;
"Integerrima" - a variety of Danish selection, a characteristic feature of which are whole leaves.

Variety "Jermins" with pinnately dissected leaves and orange or amber fruits, ripening in late autumn and remaining on the tree for a long time - a hybrid of mountain ash and Sargent's mountain ash (S. sargentiana).

"Burka"- a hybrid of mountain ash with alpine, on the basis of which many decorative and food varieties have been created.

The most famous food varieties of red rowan are hybrids with closely related species. These are plants belonging to the Yablonev subfamily - pear, hawthorn, apple tree, chokeberry, medlar. The names of hybrids come from the Latin name of the mountain ash (sorbus) and the Latin name of the partner plant:
Malosorbus - Malus + Sorbus (apple tree + mountain ash);
Sorbopyrus - Sorbus + Pyrus (mountain ash + pear), varieties "Beauty" with sour yellowish fruits, "Ruby" with tasty faceted fruits;
Crategosorbus - Crataegus + Sorbus (hawthorn + mountain ash) variety "Pomegranate" is characterized by high productivity and winter hardiness. Large burgundy fruits reach 2 cm in diameter;
Sorbaronia - Sorbus + Aronia (mountain ash + chokeberry), Liquor variety with sweet black fruits;
Sorbocotoneaster - Sorbus + Cotoneaster (rowanberry + cotoneaster).

Interesting variety "Titanium"- it combines two types of mountain ash (common and alpine), pear and apple. Unpretentious winter-hardy variety with good yield - up to 50 kg per plant.

On the video: Rowan, variety "Pomegranate", created by I.V. Michurin from the species Sorbus ordinary (sortotype Nevezhinskaya) and Hawthorn

Rowan has useful fruits, it is highly winter hardy, adapts well to adverse conditions, is decorative both during flowering and during fruiting. Despite the abundance of virtues, it is rarely seen in cities and in rural areas. However, in recent years, both amateur gardeners and professionals have become more interested in mountain ash, especially varieties with edible, sweet fruits. Unfortunately, many species, hybrids and varieties of mountain ash are still unknown to a wide range of admirers of this plant. We hope that this article will to some extent fill this gap.

ROWAN HAVE MANY VALUES
Mountain ash is very winter-hardy (with rare exceptions). In unfavorable years, when many fruit crops do not yield, it can act as an insurance crop.

Mountain ash tolerates various soils (except for highly saline ones), puts up with shading, can grow in the second tier of plantations and even in the undergrowth. (But if possible, it is better for her to allocate sunny areas with fertile well-drained soil). Rowan is indispensable in urban conditions, the plant tolerates air pollution well.

Most mountain ash is not only fruit, but also beautiful ornamental plants with a pyramidal, round, ovoid, umbrella or weeping crown shape, graceful leaves, multi-flowered inflorescences, bright red, orange, yellow, creamy and even white fruits.

HEALING PROPERTIES
Mountain ash is a natural concentrate of vitamins that are very important for humans. Its fruits contain a lot of P-active substances (1200–1700 mg%) and carotene (12–28 mg%). The seeds of its fruits are distinguished by a high content of vitamin E, and this is an active bio-antioxidant. It is known that northern crops, and mountain ash is no exception, have a very good balance of vitamins C, A, P and E. The interaction of vitamins E and A in its fruits ensures stability immune system organism.

Rowan fruits contain a lot of sugars, organic acids with bactericidal properties, as well as calcium, iodine and especially iron (3-4 times more than in apples). They also contain sorbitol, a sugar substitute for diabetics, which has not been found anywhere else, except for seaweed. An important chemical component of its fruits is pectins, capable of gelling in the presence of sugars and organic acids.

The fruits of this plant stabilize fat, salt and cholesterol metabolism; help in the prevention of diseases caused by an increased background of radiation. They are used in multivitamin collections, as well as a diuretic, choleretic and hemostatic agent.

In addition, the fruits of mountain ash are an affordable raw material for the food and medical industries, a source of cheap carotene, sorbitol and a large group of vitamins.

BIOLOGICAL FEATURES
The range of the genus Rowan (Sorbus) captures almost all countries of the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere. The genus is very extensive, represented by more than 100 species. One of the species - mountain ash granulosa (S.granulosa) grows on the island of Sumatra, in the tropical zone.

Currently, mountain ash is found in almost the entire territory of Russia. Its natural diversity is striking. There are many natural interspecific hybrids: Thuringian mountain ash (oakleaf) - a hybrid of aria mountain ash and common mountain ash; Finnish - a hybrid of mountain ash and mountain ash willow; broad-leaved - a hybrid of mountain ash aria and mountain ash bereki; hosta - a hybrid of rowan squat and mountain ash Muzho; hybrid - a hybrid of mountain ash ordinary and mountain ash intermediate.

The systematic commonality of mountain ash with representatives of the Pomoidea subfamily (Rozanny family) has led to many intergeneric hybrids: with quince, pear, shadberry, hawthorn and even with apple trees, many of which are Michurin heritage.

Despite the richness of species and hybrids in the wild flora, insufficient attention is currently paid to mountain ash. This is explained by the fact that fruit growing has historically developed in the south, while mountain ash has always been considered a northern breed. And yet this genus has always been and will be of great interest not only for fruit growing, but also for landscaping.

VARIETY OF SPECIES
The genus of mountain ash belongs to the Rose family and has 2 subgenera that differ in leaf type: real mountain ash with simple odd-pinnate leaves and mountain ash with simple, serrated-lobed and lobed leaves.

Representatives of the first group are Amur mountain ash, elderberry, bicolor, Kamchatka, Kashmir, beautiful, ordinary, Pozdnyakova's sorbocotoneaster, Tien Shan, etc. The second group includes English, Armenian, aria, glogovina (bereka), Greek, domestic, Caucasian, squat, sorbopyrus, Thuringian (oak), Finnish, hosta, broad-leaved and Japanese.

Representatives of the first contract are of the greatest production importance - i.e. real mountain ash, they are the ancestors of many cultivated varieties, their fruits are more valuable in terms of nutrition. Rowans of the second row have a decorative purpose rather than a fruit one.

Existing mountain ash differ significantly from each other. Let us dwell on the most interesting and unpretentious species and hybrids.

Very high (more than 10-15 m) - mountain ash bereka, beautiful and Finnish. But if, for example, a bereku through an insert (18–20 cm) of chokeberry is grafted onto an ordinary mountain ash, then it becomes compact and undersized, it begins to bear fruit 2 years earlier. High mountain ash (up to 10 m) - aria, Kamchatka and Thuringian; medium-sized (up to 6 m) - English, two-color, ordinary, broad-leaved and Japanese. Low-growing (up to 3 m) are Kene and Tien Shan mountain ash; dwarf (up to 1–2 m) - elderberry and squat.

The shape of the crown varies from pyramidal to spreading and weeping. Very beautiful, slender, pyramidal crown of mountain ash Kamchatka; ovoid - in English; spherical - in the Tien Shan; graceful, openwork, compact - in a squat.

Almost all mountain ash has large corymbose inflorescences, but there are exceptions. So, in the beautiful mountain ash and the hybrids Amelosorbus Jack (rowan x irga), sorbopyrus (mountain ash x pear) and sorbocotoneaster (mountain ash x cotoneaster), the inflorescence is a brush.

Leaves vary in size, shape and color. original leaves in rowan bicolor, Kamchatka, bereki and Kene. So, at the bereka, the leaves are similar to the leaves of the Ginnala maple, in autumn they are pink-orange. Finnish mountain ash has yellow leaves in autumn, Kene and broad-leaved mountain ash have scarlet and red leaves.

Crimson-red fruits in English, squat, Tien Shan, Finnish and Japanese mountain ash; light red - in Kamchatka; orange-red - in elderberry, common, Thuringian and broad-leaved; orange - at the aria; yellowish-brown, turning blue when ripe - near the bereki; pink, turning blue when ripe - in the Canadian; cream or white - at Kene; rowan bicolor - different (cream, orange and red).

The fruits mainly ripen in late August-early September, in the rowan elderberry, bereka and Finnish - a little later. Finnish mountain ash is distinguished by high self-fertility. Almost all presented mountain ash fruits are edible, with the exception of Kamchatka mountain ash and the hybrid sorbocotoneaster Pozdnyakova.

Earlier than other mountain ash (2–3 years after planting), elderberry, Caucasian, Kene, squat and hosta come into fruition. In 4–6 years, English, bereka, two-color, Kashmir, ordinary, intermediate, sorbocotoneaster, Tien Shan, Finnish and Japanese begin to bear fruit. The most late-ripening - rowan aria, Kamchatka, sorbopyrus, Thuringian and broad-leaved.

Very high winter hardiness in rowan bicolor, Kamchatka, ordinary, intermediate, they tolerate frosts down to -45ºС. Insufficiently winter-hardy in central Russia, mountain ash Caucasian and Kene.
Among the rowans presented there are very interesting ones. For example, the name of mountain ash bereki - Sorbus torminalis - means "healing pain in the abdomen"; in addition, its fruits help patients with diabetes, improve metabolism. This mountain ash is popularly called "bear pear" and "medicinal mountain ash". For very beautiful, fine-grained, hard wood, bereka is also called "satin wood". The wood of this rowan is well polished, very High Quality, it is used in furniture production.

Mountain ash is beautiful - "baobab" among mountain ash, it is a powerful, tall tree. The leaf is huge, split, a bit like a leaf Manchurian walnut, its size reaches 30 cm.

The rowan hybrid morbocotoneaster Pozdnyakova is very effective in hedges; when grafted onto a stem, it forms an ideal spherical crown without pruning.

VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS
In addition to the previously listed species and natural hybrids of mountain ash, there are a number of varieties and hybrids bred by breeders.

I.V. Michurin was the first to obtain new varieties of mountain ash, which are still important both for horticulture and for breeding research. These are Burka, Pomegranate, Liqueur and Michurin dessert.

Burka
A complex hybrid of alpine sobaropka, mountain ash aria, mountain ash.
A distinctive feature of the variety is short stature (up to 2–3 m) and a compact crown. Good in intensive culture, comes into fruition for 2-3 years. Annual yield - up to 35 kg per plant. Fruits are medium to large, reddish-brown; the pulp is dense, sweet and sour, with a slightly perceptible taste of mountain ash. The amount of sugars is 7–10%. The taste is only slightly inferior to the Michurinskaya dessert variety. In storage, fruits can be stored for 3-4 months. The variety reproduces well with green cuttings.

Pomegranate
A hybrid of mountain ash and hawthorn. A tree 3-4 m high with a very decorative, openwork crown. Enters fruiting for 3-4 years. The yield per plant is 40-50 kg. The fruits are medium in size, faceted, dark red with a bluish bloom, sweet and sour with a taste of mountain ash. The sum of sugars is 5–8%. In storage, fruits can be stored for 4-5 months. From the fruits of this variety, good jam and excellent wine are obtained, they are very pleasant even when frozen. The variety is resistant to pests and diseases. Propagated fairly well by green cuttings.

Liquor
A hybrid of mountain ash and chokeberry. The variety is winter-hardy, the tree is medium-sized. Enters fruiting for 3-4 years. The fruits are almost black, sweet and sour, weighing up to 1.8 g. The sugar content is 9.6%. The fruits are good both fresh and processed. Unfortunately, this hybrid is practically lost and no one propagates it.

Michurinskaya Dessert
A hybrid of rowan liquor and medlar. The plant is stunted, comes into fruition for 2-3 years. The fruits ripen early, in late July-early August (10-14 days earlier than all known varieties). Fruiting is annual and plentiful. The fruits are quite large, dark red with a brown tint, onion-shaped, somewhat similar to medlar, smooth, with 5-6 distinct faces. The pulp is sweet and sour with original piquant astringency. The sugar content is 10–11%. In terms of taste, this variety surpasses all varieties of sweet-fruited mountain ash bred by Michurin. Requires quick cleaning, because when overripe, the presentation of the fruit is lost. The fruits are good both fresh and processed; when dried, they look like raisins. The variety is resistant to pests and diseases.

Subsequently, from the hybrid fund of I.V. Michurin, several varieties of mountain ash (Krasavitsa, Rubinovoe, Titan) were bred by A.S. Tikhonova.

Gorgeous
A hybrid of mountain ash and pear. The crown is slender, pyramidal. Large (up to 1 cm in diameter) fruits of yellow color, sweet and sour taste.

Ruby
A hybrid of mountain ash and pear. Fruits of a faceted form, dark red coloring, pleasant sweet taste. The sugar content is up to 9%. In central Russia, in some years it can freeze slightly.

Titanium
A hybrid of mountain ash, pear and red-leaved apple. One of the most reliable varieties resistant to adverse environmental factors. There are both short and tall forms. It starts fruiting at 2-3 years. The fruits are large (up to 2 g), dark cherry with a bluish bloom, very attractive. The pulp is intensely yellow, juicy, sweet and sour. Dried fruits are similar to raisins. The variety is very resistant to pests and diseases, it reproduces well by green cuttings.

The varieties of the breeder T.K. Poplavskaya are also quite well known.
Bead
The variety was obtained by selecting promising forms in the population. Differs in good adaptability, it is steady against spring and autumn frosts, wreckers and illnesses. The tree is medium. The variety begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years, is highly productive. Fruits of medium size, bright red, shiny. The pulp is juicy, without astringency, the taste resembles cranberries.

Sorbinka
The variety was obtained by selecting promising forms in the population. Highly productive, high yielding. The fruits are very large (up to 2.4 g), red, juicy, sweetish-sour, without bitterness, collected in very large corymbs (up to 300–400 g). The variety is disease resistant.

Of the popular varieties of mountain ash, the following should be noted.
Nevezhinskaya
Variety of folk selection (a variety of mountain ash, represented by many forms, the most common is Nevezhinskaya cube). Enters fruiting for 5-6 years, yield up to 100 kg per tree. Sometimes there is a periodicity of fruiting. Fruits are medium in size, elongated, five-sided, red. The pulp is juicy, sweet and sour, without bitterness. The sugar content is 10–12%. Dessert variety.

Daughter of Kubova (Solar)
The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to soil and air drought, pests and diseases. The tree is medium. Productivity is high, fructifies annually. Enters fruiting for 3-4 years. The fruits are medium, very beautiful, bright orange. The pulp is tender, dessert taste, without signs of bitterness. From the fruits of this variety, delicious juice and jelly mashed with sugar are obtained.

Rowan is loved and revered by the Russian people. Our ancestors believed that lightning was hidden in the mountain ash - the weapon of the god Perun, and therefore it could protect a person from evil spirits. "Red rowan", "curly rowan", "rowan" are present in Russian folklore as a symbol of beauty, love and purity of feelings. The mountain ash was also revered as a symbol of fertility. Rowan wood was used in the construction of mills, for the manufacture of furniture, hoops for barrels were made from it, and the bark was used for tanning skins.

Rowan is one of the most frost-resistant fruit trees. More than a hundred species of mountain ash are known, and about a third of them can be seen on the territory of Russia. Breeders have bred many promising varieties that differ in color, size and shape of fruits. Two subgenera of mountain ash are known, differing in the shape of the leaves. Representatives of the subgenus of mountain ash are of the greatest interest. It was they who gave rise to varieties of garden mountain ash, and it is their fruits that have nutritional and medicinal value. The second subgenus underlies the ornamental varieties. The harvest of berries of edible varieties of mountain ash is harvested in August-September. It takes up to 90 days to reach technical maturity. The rate of maturation directly depends on weather conditions and from the region of cultivation.

Chokeberry is a self-pollinating plant. Even if only one bush grows in the garden, it will bloom and bear fruit. Growing a bush from seeds is the longest, but simple. So ripe berries squeeze out the seeds, dry and store in a dark place. Seeds are sown in the ground in autumn (September to October) or spring.

Rubina

The variety has increased disease resistance, unpretentious care. Likes sunny areas. The berries are slightly tart. The variety is highly resistant to pests and diseases, frost-resistant. Rowan blossoms in early June. The berries ripen in September, have a rounded shape up to 1 cm in diameter. It is recommended to plant seedlings in the fall.

Nero

Suitable for growing in climatic regions with harsh winters, as well as in shady areas. Fruits contain an increased amount of vitamins. The variety gives delicious berries and is a real decoration. garden plot. The height of the plant does not exceed 2 m. The shape of the crown resembles a vase. White flowers have red stamens, which adds decorativeness.

black-eyed

It has increased resistance to diseases, mountain ash is not whimsical in care. Likes sunny areas. Berries are not tart, unlike other varieties. Variety "Chernookaya" differs from others in reduced astringency of berries. Blooms in early June, is a honey plant. The berries ripen in September, have a rounded shape, reach 1 cm in diameter. It is recommended to plant seedlings of the Chernookaya variety in autumn.

Aronia Michurina

A tree over 3 m high with a dense oval crown. It has obovate leaves with an oval top, this form is slightly variable. The fruits are large, weighing up to 1.5 g, spherical, slightly flattened, black with a bluish matte bloom. They are juicy, edible, sour-sweet taste with astringency. "Aronia Michurina" withstands winter temperatures down to -40°C.

viking

A small shrub with dark green, serrated leaves. The variety blooms in May. Purple-black berries, slightly less than 1 cm in diameter, are flat-rounded, ripen in autumn. The grade differs in productivity and frost resistance. For planting seedlings, sunny areas are chosen, preference is given to loamy or sod-podzolic soils with a neutral environment.

Hugin

Shrub up to 2 m tall with a characteristic rounded crown. Planting seedlings is recommended only after the last frost. The leaves are dark green and shiny. Flowering is shifted to June. White flowers form lush inflorescences. Large black-red berries ripen in September. The plant is winter hardy. One of the features is intolerance to heavy pruning.

Varieties of rowan red

The red rowan is fruit tree with bright red berries that can remain on the branches from summer to late autumn and even all winter until spring. Rowan fruits contain many acids: citric, malic, sorbic, tartaric and succinic. In addition to acids, rowan fruits contain up to 5% sugar, carotene, bitter and tannins, ascorbic acid.

Pomegranate

The variety combines the advantages of mountain ash and hawthorn. The plant is low, winter-hardy, very decorative. The fruits are burgundy, large - in size they are similar to cherries. The taste is sweet and sour, the yield is high.

Bead

Ruby

Medium maturity variety. The tree is medium, up to 3 m high. The crown is of medium density, drooping. Fruits with an average weight of 1.3 g, one-dimensional, flattened shape, with a smooth wide-ribbed surface, ruby ​​color. The pulp is yellow, medium density, juicy, sweet and sour. The variety is resistant to low temperatures. Fruits are recommended to be used dried as dried fruits for compotes.

Scarlet large

Titanium

The tree is medium tall, with a rounded crown of medium density. The height is about 5 meters. The crown is sparse, well formed naturally, requires only minor thinning. The variety is early-growing, productive every year. Fruits with an average weight of 1.2 g, rounded, slightly ribbed, with a straight stem of medium size. The color is dark cherry, with a wax coating. The pulp is intense yellow, medium density. The taste of berries is sweet and sour with a slight astringency. Trees are resistant to adverse environmental factors: frost, drought, diseases.

spark

Variety of early autumn ripening, universal use. The tree is medium tall, with a rounded crown of medium density. The color of the fruit during ripening is yellowish-orange, in the state of maturity - red-orange. The pulp is yellow, medium density, loose, fine-grained, very juicy. The taste of the fruit is sweet and sour, with a slight aroma. The grade is winter-hardy, heat resistance and drought resistance high. Resistance to pests and diseases.

Mountain ash in terms of winter hardiness occupies one of the first places among fruit plants. It tolerates very severe winters with temperatures down to minus 50 ° C quite well. It blooms late, which avoids damage by spring frosts. Most varieties of sweet-fruited mountain ash have a sweet dessert taste. The astringency inherent in wild mountain ash is absent in them. This means that varietal mountain ash can be eaten fresh in large quantities and also prepare delicious jam, jam, marmalade, wine, tinctures; fruits can be wetted and dried. Rowan fruits are very rich in carotene, rare vitamin K1, vitamins C and P.

Burka

Scarlet large

A variety of medium late ripening. A tree of restrained growth, up to 6 m high. The crown is of medium density, regular wide-pyramidal shape. Fruits with an average weight of 1.7 g, one-dimensional, cylindrical, flattened, with a cup, with a smooth slightly ribbed surface, correct form and scarlet red. The taste is sweet and sour, with a spicy rowan flavor. The variety tolerates frosts down to -50°C.

Bead

Medium-sized tree about 3 m high, with a rounded crown of medium density. Tree of restrained growth. The fruits are round, red, weighing up to 2 g. The pulp is creamy, very juicy, medium density, sweet and sour taste without bitterness and astringency. The yield is high. Transportability is good. The fruits can be consumed fresh. The variety is sun-loving, resistant to frost and disease.

Pomegranate

The variety combines the advantages of mountain ash and hawthorn. The plant is low and very decorative. The variety is winter-hardy, fruitful, with the most large fruits the size of a burgundy cherry. The taste of berries is sweet and sour.

Vefed

Rowan Vefed - medium ripening. The tree is medium-sized, with a rounded sparse crown, up to 4 m high. Fruits with an average weight of 1.3 g, one-dimensional, regular shape, rounded-pointed to the base. The color of the fruit is elegant, pink-red. The flesh is yellow, tender, sweet and sour, pleasant when eaten fresh. It is characterized by stable fruiting, which enters for 3-4 years. Harvest ripens in the second half of August. Winter hardiness is high, relatively resistant to diseases and pests.

Sorbinka

Variety of mid-autumn ripening, universal purpose. The tree is medium-sized with an obovate crown of medium density, the height of the tree is up to 6 m. It begins to bear fruit in the 4th year. The fruits are round, red, weighing up to 2.7 g. The pulp is yellowish, juicy, sweet and sour taste without astringency and bitterness. Location: in the sun. The variety is winter-hardy, highly adaptable, resistant to pests and diseases.

Dessert Michurina

Miracle berry. A small tree with a height of 1.4-1.8 from year to year pleases with abundant and lush spring flowering, and in the summer at the end of July - August it lights up with many ruby ​​​​large ones (up to 1.5-2 g) edible berries pleasant sweet-tart taste. Used as a source of vitamins, organic acids, biologically active substances and minerals fresh, in compotes, teas.

Liquor Michurina

Tree up to 5 m high, with a sparse crown. The fruits are large, up to 15 mm in diameter, almost black, with dark-colored juice. The pulp is juicy, almost without astringency, rather sweet. Enters fruiting 4-5 years after planting. Blooms in late May - early June. The fruits ripen in mid-September. Productivity and winter hardiness are high. Can be severely rotten. Fresh fruits are stored up to 1 month. The fruit variety requires cross-pollination. The best pollinating varieties are Burka and Nevezhinskaya.

Daughter of cube

Variety of early autumn ripening, universal purpose. The tree is medium-sized with a paniculate sparse crown. It enters fruiting in the 5th year. The fruits are oblong, bright orange, weighing up to 2 g. The flesh is bright yellow, without astringency and bitterness. Mountain ash bears fruit annually, gives up to 90 kg of fruit per tree. Ripening time - mid-August. Used fresh and for the most different blanks. Prefers loose soils, does not tolerate waterlogging.

Sugar Petrova

This is a very rare variety of sweet-fruited mountain ash. It was already almost irretrievably lost, but the breeders managed to find it and propagate it. This rowan is the sweetest, it is really sugar. When at the end of October the garden is already completely empty, and it seems there is nothing to sweeten a dank autumn day, you will imperceptibly, handful by hand, put berries of this magical variety into your mouth. And amazing grace will spill over your chilled body, life-giving sweetness will quickly restore your strength.

Nevezhinskaya

Variety of national selection. The trees are tall, with a wide-rounded crown. The ripening period of berries is the end of August - the beginning of September. Medium sized fruits. The taste is good, sweet and sour. Fruit color can vary from red to orange. The fruits of Nevezhinskaya are juicy, completely without astringency, very rich in biologically active substances. According to the content of vitamin C, its fruits can be equated to a lemon. The best pollinator is Bead.

Sunny

Very smart beautiful variety with bright orange in a cherry blush, oblong fruits weighing 1.8 g. The taste is very pleasant, without astringency and bitterness. Ripens mid-August. The use is universal, the “storehouse of vitamins” will find its application everywhere. Tree of restrained growth, winter-hardy.

Moravian

The plant has a pyramidal crown. Elliptical berries are painted in crimson color. They are very sweet, with a slight note of acidity, without specific rowan tartness.

Varieties of decorative rowan

Many varieties of mountain ash look very beautiful in the garden. Of great interest are plants with an unusual color of berries and beautiful clusters.

Vefed

A tree of medium height with a round, sparse crown, reaching a height of 4 m, with elongated, matte, dark green leaves. The fruits of the rowan Vefed are regular in shape, round, but pointed towards the base, with a medium-sized stalk, pink-red hue without subcutaneous points and yellow sweet and sour pulp. The berries contain 96 mg of vitamin C and 32 mg of carotene. Fruiting begins in the 4th year. This variety of dessert destination is frost-resistant, resistant to diseases.

Burka

A complex hybrid of alpine sorbaronia and mountain ash. Enters fruiting from 2-3 years. The tree is stunted, 1.5-2.5 m. The crown is compact. The leaves are simple, pinnate. The variety is highly winter-resistant. The yield is annual, stable, 40-60 kg of berries can be harvested from 1 plant. The taste is only slightly inferior to Dessert. The fruits are medium-sized, red-brown, slightly tart. Well stored for 3-4 months.

Gorgeous

Variety Beauty has unusual elongated fruits. They are painted bright orange. The pyramidal crown also supports decorative beauty.

BUY ROWAN SEEDLINGS IN THE NURSERY

The Scientific and Production Association "Gardens of Russia" has been implementing the latest achievements in the selection of vegetable, fruit, berry and ornamental crops into the wide practice of amateur gardening for 30 years. In the work of the association, the most modern technologies are used, a unique laboratory of microclonal propagation of plants has been created. The main objectives of NPO "Gardens of Russia" is to provide gardeners with high-quality planting material of popular varieties of various garden plants and novelties of world selection. Delivery of planting material (seeds, bulbs, seedlings) is carried out by Russian post. Looking forward to shopping:

Do you have mountain ash on the site? We hope that we have convinced you of the usefulness of this culture and you will find a place on your site for the beautiful mountain ash.

Everyone loves this slender elegant beauty. In spring, it pleases us with its snow-white flowers with an almond scent, and in autumn it attracts with clusters of red-orange fruits. And its foliage, changing color from yellow to red at this time, is also very elegant. Recall from S. Yesenin: “A fire of red mountain ash is burning in the garden ...”

The word "rowan" is often used together with the word "bitter". Indeed, the fruits of mountain ash lose their bitterness only after frost or special processing. But few people know that rowan can be sweet-fruited. The most famous variety of such mountain ash is Nevezhinskaya.

Gardeners who decide to grow sweet rowan should take into account that many of its varieties need cross-pollination and therefore it is better to grow 2-3 trees of different varieties on the site.

On the the globe 80 species of mountain ash are known, and we have 34. Of these, the most common is the mountain ash. It grows in the forest and forest-steppe zones of the European part of the country, in the Caucasus in the mountain-wooded belt and in the mountainous Crimea.

Mountain ash can be found in the undergrowth of mixed and coniferous forests, in clearings, along forest edges, among bushes, near water bodies, on rocky mountain slopes.

Its fruits contain many valuable biologically active substances useful for humans: 4-8% fructose, glucose, sorbose, sucrose; up to 2.7% acids (grape, citric, malic, succinic), pectin and tannins; vitamins - up to 200 mg%, including ascorbic acid more than in lemons, carotene - 5.5-20 mg%, vitamin P and bitter substances: the fruits contain flavonoids. The seeds have 22% fatty oil and amygdalin glycoside.

In medical practice, the fruits of mountain ash are used mainly for vitamin deficiencies in the form of an aqueous infusion or tea (to prepare an infusion, 1 teaspoon of the fruit is brewed with a glass of boiling water and drunk 1/2 cup 1-3 times a day). The fruits are also included in the composition of vitamin teas. Vitamin syrup, vitamin concentrate, canned with sugar - what can you not cook from the fruits of this plant! In addition, in the winter-spring period, when the diet lacks vitamins, we can widely use dried and canned fruits.

In folk medicine, the fruits and flowers of mountain ash are used for dysentery. Decoctions of dry fruits are used as a diuretic and hemostatic agent. There is evidence that the fruits have an antibiotic effect.

Rowan is widely used in the food industry and in everyday life, processing it into jam, wine, liqueurs, liqueurs, confectionery fillings, marmalade, vinegar, and kvass.

Possessing a whole range of valuable qualities, mountain ash deserves the closest attention of amateur gardeners. Now there are many interesting varieties of mountain ash - high-yielding, winter-hardy, with large fruits and excellent taste. These are Nevezhinskaya mountain ash and hybrids bred with her participation, varieties of I. V. Michurin (Garnet, Liquor, Dessert, Burka) and his followers - A. S. Tikhonova (Titan, Beauty, Rubinovaya) and T. K. Poplavskaya (Alay large).

Varieties of Rowan

The variety is medium tall (5 - 6 m). The wood is winter hardy. The leaves are quite large, strongly wrinkled. Flower buds are hardy. The fruits are edible, medium-sized (up to 1 cm in diameter) or large, yellowish in color, juicy, sweet and sour with noticeable bitterness, taste close to the fruits of mountain ash.

A hybrid of mountain ash and hawthorn. The tree is low, 3-4 m, with a sparse crown, the leaves are pinnately dissected in the upper part, elliptical in the lower part. The variety is winter-hardy, fruitful.

A complex hybrid of alpine sorbaronia and mountain ash. Enters fruiting from 2-3 years. The tree is undersized, 1.5-2.5 m. The crown is compact. The leaves are simple, pinnate. The variety is highly resistant. The yield is annual, stable, 40-60 kg of berries can be harvested from 1 plant. The taste is only slightly inferior to Dessert. The fruits are medium in size, red-brown, slightly tart. Well stored for 3-4 months.

The variety was obtained by pollinating mountain ash with a Moravian mixture of several pear varieties. A vigorous tree with a spreading crown. The leaves are large, pinnate. The variety is winter-hardy, high-yielding (up to 150 kg per tree), fruiting annually. The fruits are large (1.5 g), orange-red in color. The content of sugars is 7-9%, acids - 2-2.5%. Used in processing.

Very interesting new variety selection of T. K. Poplavskaya, tastes like cranberries. The variety is still little known to gardeners, but deserves special attention.

Variety of national selection. The tree is powerful, compact, spherical, highly winter-hardy. Productivity up to 80 - 100 kg. The fruits are large, red, with orange juicy pulp, pleasant sweet and sour taste without bitterness and astringency, ripen in the first half of September, stored fresh until April, kept on the tree all winter without losing their taste.

Hybrid pear with rowan. Productive, drought tolerant. Tree of medium height. Fruits of medium size, maroon color, sweet-sour taste.

The variety is fast-growing, vigorous. Fruiting is plentiful, annual. The fruits are large, juicy, good taste.

The varietal assortment of mountain ash is quite diverse, there are also hybrids with chokeberry, medlar, pear and hawthorn.

Before you start planting plants, you need to familiarize yourself with some of the features of mountain ash. Rowan cultivars are self-fertile and require cross-pollination, so at least 2 varieties must be planted in the garden. You can limit yourself to one, if you turn it into a “tree-garden” by re-grafting with cuttings of other varieties. Rowan is also characterized by parthenocarpy, i.e., the formation of ovaries without fertilization, but this phenomenon is quite rare.

Plants of undersized varieties (Burka, Dessertnaya, Titan) should be planted at a distance of 2-3 m from each other. They start fruiting early, in the 2-3rd year, quickly increase the yield, which reaches 15-40 kg of fruit per tree. Vigorous varieties (Nevezhinskaya, Krasavitsa, Scarlet large) are planted at a distance of 5-6 m, subsequently they must be carefully formed, limiting the number of skeletal branches. AT adulthood 100-150 kg of fruits can be harvested from 1 plant of vigorous varieties, but later (from 4-5 years) they begin to bear fruit and increase the yield more slowly.

The life expectancy of rowan plants can be 80-100 years, but the productive age of most varieties is limited to 25-30 years. It is known that the age of plants affects the level of accumulation of vitamins: the fruits of young trees, as a rule, contain less vitamins than plants that have reached the productive period.

Most varieties of mountain ash endure winter temperatures down to 45-50 °C. Rowan begins vegetation relatively early, at fairly low average daily temperatures. Blossoms in mid - late May, 6-10 days later than apple and pear, at an average daily temperature of 12-15 ° C. Rowan "leaves" from the later spring frosts, although the flowers are able to tolerate temperatures down to -2.5 ° C. By flowering time different types and varieties of mountain ash in the same conditions differ little from each other, so their mutual pollination is possible. The duration of flowering of one variety is 6-10 days. But the fruits are tied poorly if the flowering period is rainy or too hot weather.

In mountain ash, flower buds that provide the next year's harvest are laid at an earlier date than in most fruit crops. This process begins in early June and coincides with the formation of the fruits of the current year, so during this period the plants must be provided with sufficient nutrients and moisture. Mountain ash has a short growing season (140-175 days), leaf fall ends early, plants leave in winter with well-formed flower buds and mature wood.

Mountain ash is a plastic, unpretentious plant. A variety of soil and climatic conditions are suitable for it, however, plants grow and develop better in well-lit areas with fertile, moisture-absorbing and breathable soil. Wind protection for mountain ash does not have of great importance, pollination of flowers and the safety of the ovaries are the same in both protected and open areas. The mountain ash does not tolerate prolonged stagnation of water, the bark props up, the roots are damaged.

Rowan can be planted both in autumn and in spring. Planting pits for vigorous varieties are prepared with a diameter of 100 cm and a depth of 60 cm, for low-growing varieties, respectively, 80 and 50 cm. . During the period of full fruiting, the rate of organic fertilizers is 8-10 kg / m 2. Trunk circles can be kept under black fallow or pulled up.

Light rejuvenating pruning of mountain ash can be started when the growth on the tree noticeably decreases, but not less than 10-15 cm, and the yield is still relatively high. Strong pruning is carried out when average length growth becomes less than 5-6 cm or it does not exist at all. Skeletal and semi-skeletal branches rejuvenate to 5-6-year-old wood.

Rowan is usually propagated by grafting. Rootstocks can be grown from seed. Freshly harvested seeds germinate well, sown in the ground in late August - early September. Rootstocks of apple, pear, quince, hawthorn and chokeberry were studied as rootstocks for mountain ash. More viable inoculations of mountain ash were obtained on chokeberry (chokeberry).

Some varieties of mountain ash can be propagated by green cuttings in greenhouses with artificial fog (except for varieties of Nevezhinskaya mountain ash). Good rooting was achieved in varieties Pomegranate, Dessertnaya, Burka, Rubinovaya, etc. Green cuttings taken from annual growths during their active growth, i.e., from May 10-15 to June 5-10, take root better.

We hope that we have convinced you of the usefulness of this culture and you will find a place on your site for the beautiful mountain ash.

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High quality processed products, the fruits can be used not only for the preparation of sweet products, but also as seasonings for first courses, as a component of various sauces. without exception - the prevention of beriberi, (do not overdo it), a general strengthening, immunostimulating effect. Here you can eat fresh, dried and canned berries (jelly, jam, syrups).

Rowan Kashmir

Rowan ordinary is familiar, perhaps, to every person. All of us in childhood at least once tried its bitter-sour red berries, which concentrated a huge amount of vitamins and other useful compounds. It has anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictive, astringent, mild diuretic and laxative, hypotensive effects.

The tree is about 3 m high. Young shoots of rowan Köhne are almost naked, red-brown, the foliage is odd-pinnate, 20 cm long, with 25 leaves. The flowers of the Koehne mountain ash are white, collected in corymbs, they look bright against the dark background of the foliage. This mountain ash is beautiful at the time of fruiting, when white, small, sour fruits develop without bitterness.

Decorative forms of rowan

stomach ulcer;

special taste

Fruits: Round, apple-shaped, orange to bright red, ripen in August-September

Crimson rowan

The fruits ripen in late August-September, edible, large, up to 3 cm in diameter, oblong or pear-shaped, greenish-yellow or red-brown. The pulp is mealy, with stony cells, like a pear. The taste is astringent, sweetish. There are a number of varieties and forms.​

Rowan - deciduous trees or shrubs with pinnate or simple leaves. It has long been widely used in fruit growing and landscaping, they are good honey plants. They bloom profusely in late spring and early summer, reaching their greatest attractiveness in autumn, when the foliage is painted in various shades of red and yellow, and the branches bend under the weight of bright fruits.

​Scarlet LARGE​

Flamicar syrup

Fresh and dried berries(cashmiriana Hedl) and rowan Kene (koehneana C.K.Schneid) are interesting in decorative terms, because their berries are white and “keep” perfectly all winter. However, these plants do not represent medical value.

In traditional medicine, the fruits of mountain ash are recommended for use in beriberi and anemia, and folk healers use it in a wider range. It is believed that mountain ash treats gout, asthenia, hemorrhoids, glaucoma, whooping cough, gastritis, atherosclerosis, helps fight cancer, kidney and liver diseases. Berry syrup is used for rheumatism and urolithiasis. Juice promotes better healing of wounds, ulcers, as well as the elimination of warts.

They are planted in April or October in a mixture of leafy, soddy, humus soil and sand; during spring sowing, seedlings appear in May. Likes sunny places, but also tolerates shade. Grows well in moist loamy soils. Rowan Köhne is winter-hardy in the middle lane, does not need shelter.

Varicose veins and thrombophlebitis.

Rowan house

Today there are many varieties of garden rowan, not only with multi-colored fruits, but also excellent in taste. The plant is frost-resistant: able to withstand temperatures down to -50 degrees. Easily tolerates wind, so mountain ash can be planted in open areas. In good light, the tree forms a beautiful powerful crown and gives a good harvest.

However, we will not offend our native mountain ash. This plant has rightfully migrated from forest edges to gardens and parks for a long time. Unpretentious, winter-hardy, elegant at any time of the year, pleasing with abundant harvests of medicinal berries. Berries of mountain ash are rich in vitamins A, C, P, group B, organic acids, compounds of potassium, phosphorus, iron. However, the strong astringent taste and bitterness, which do not disappear even after freezing or boiling, leave rowan berries in the category of medicines, not delicacies.

The species is quite winter-hardy, drought-resistant, almost unaffected by pests. Propagated by seeds. Widely used to create alleys, as well as fruit.

Most suitable for culture in central Russia

- meets the requirements of intensive culture, annual yield, plentiful, resistant to drought, disease, tolerates negative temperatures - 50 °. The fruits are scarlet, large 2-2.4 g or more, reminiscent of Vladimirovskaya cherry in size. Good for making jams, compotes, fillings for sweets and more. It can also be used to enrich other processed products with vitamins. Tree of sustainable growth.​

Rowan intermediate

- with diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract.

In addition to those indicated, there are still a lot of mountain ash species traditionally zoned in Russia. There are no significant differences, except for the taste of the berries, between them.

Rowan hybrid

No less popular in folk medicine was the chokeberry, which has found its application in the treatment of hypertension and eye diseases.

Grows in the forest and forest-steppe zone of Russia, Siberia. It grows singly along forest edges, glades, river banks.

How to care for rowan

Healing rowan tea

Planting rowan

note

But rowan attracts birds, especially thrushes and waxwings. It is worth planting this tree near the house, even for the pleasure of admiring a flock of silver-pink waxwings in winter.

The fruits are used in the same way as the fruits of mountain ash. Fully ripened are usually quite sweet.

Top dressing rowan

rowan (Sorbus aucuparia)

RUBY

Vitamin collections of rowan fruits and other medicinal plants (rose hips, nettles, chamomile, valerian, peppermint, burdock, St. John's wort, sage, calendula, etc.) are presented in the pharmacy network in a wide range. They are used in the complex treatment of psoriasis, cardiovascular diseases, varicose veins veins, allergic conditions, cerebrovascular accidents, rheumatism.

• Fresh juice and dried fruit powder
• Chokeberry (chokeberry) has nothing to do with classic mountain ash and is called so "among the people" solely because of the external similarity of inflorescences and fruits. Mountain ash and chokeberry (one family - pink) are also far from each other, like tomato and tobacco (one family - nightshade).
• Valuable part useful plant are its mature fruits, which should be harvested after frost. It is at this time that they are less sour and bitter. Berries picked in summer can be frozen or dried for further use.
• Tree 11 m tall with alternate, unpaired leaves. Flowers in large corymbs. The fruits of common rowan are spherical, orange-red, long time saved on branches. Frost-resistant, undemanding to the soil, but better development reaches on loose.​

1 tsp, pour 1 tbsp. boiling water, insist 30-40 minutes. Drink 0.5 tbsp. 1-3 times a day as a multivitamin, tonic, as well as for allergic and other skin diseases.​

Rowan is usually planted in the spring before the buds swell (in March-April), in the fall - a month before frost.

Oddly enough, in my garden, birds first pounce on wild mountain ash and only then “remove” the sweet-fruited crop.

Rowan intermediate, or Swedish (Sorbus intermedia), grows in Northern Europe. Tree 10-20 m tall with an oval crown. The bark is smooth, grey. The leaves are entire, oblong-ovate, shallowly divided into lobes. In autumn they are painted in red tones.

. This species is widespread in nature, found throughout Europe, most of Siberia and the Far East, grows in North Africa.

- resistant to various adverse factors of growing conditions, the growth of the tree is restrained, the shape of the crown resembles the Pepin saffron apple variety.

The use of mountain ash in any form is contraindicated in pregnant women suffering from increased blood clotting with a tendency to form blood clots, with thrombophlebitis, gastritis with high acidity, with gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer. Before starting

Helps in the treatment of obesity and diabetes (for other folk remedies for diabetes, see this article).

The chokeberry "emigrated" to Russia (to the Altai) from North America and took root well in these climatic conditions. However, it does not differ in particular cold resistance and its range does not go far to the north.

- A decoction of dried fruits is taken for constipation, migraine, hypertension, atherosclerosis, gastrointestinal diseases, rheumatism. To prepare it, you need to take two or three tables. tablespoons of raw materials, pour boiling water over it (500 ml), leave for half an hour, squeeze and drink ½ cup three to five times a day.

It has decorative forms: in the shape of the crown, the taste and color of the fruit, the coloring of the leaves, which are used with great success in green building.

Rowan tincture

The life expectancy of mountain ash is 100-150 years. The most productive mountain ash is 35-40 years old - it gives up to 100 kg. berries from a tree.

Multi-colored rowan

Blooms in late May - early June for 1-2 weeks. The flowers are white, collected in broad corymbose inflorescences. The fruits are round, up to 1 cm in diameter, orange-red, edible, ripen in August. It is poorly propagated by cuttings, propagated by seeds or grafting. Frost-resistant, fairly drought-resistant, tolerates air pollution.​

Tree 10-15 m tall, often large shrub. The leaves are large, openwork, pinnate, dark green, turning yellow, orange and red in autumn.

The fruits are above average, suitable for the preparation of dried products, in this case they resemble raisins and can be used as a component in dried fruit compotes. The economic efficiency of all varieties of mountain ash is very high.​

rowan treatment

Fruit decoction

Red rowan - vitamin clusters

Nevertheless, what is useful for chokeberry is also worth knowing, since this plant can get rid of many diseases. But we will talk about this in another article.​

- It is advisable to use juice and fresh berries for gastritis, colds, hypertension, hemorrhoids. Drink it fresh, 50-70 ml three times a day.

Decorative forms of mountain ash: Russian - similar to the main form, but with wider, larger leaves, large, edible fruits; pyramidal shape - with branches directed upwards and a narrow pyramidal crown; weeping form - with long, thin, drooping branches; Beisner - a charming form with pinnately lobed leaves, young red shoots; Fifeana - rowan with yellow fruits.

Mix 2 kg of berries (slightly frozen), 1 kg of sugar, 1 liter of water and vodka each, leave for 3 weeks. Drink a small glass 2 times a day before meals. This vitamin remedy will help the body withstand the invasion of infections and flu.

For plants of vigorous varieties, pits are dug 80 cm deep, 1 OOx 100 cm in size, at a distance of 5-8 m from each other; for low-growing varieties - 50 cm and 80x80 cm at a distance of 4-5 m. fertile soil mixed with 2-3 buckets of humus or peat, 200-300 g of superphosphate, 100-150 g of potassium salt. On acidic soil, 1 kg of lime is added to the nutrient mixture.

Gardeners have long paid attention to other types of mountain ash, differing in size, crown shape, taste and color of berries. In the forests of the temperate zone of China, the Kene mountain ash grows wild. It is distinguished by the white color of the berries, especially elegant against the background of orange-red autumn foliage.

Blooms in late May - early June for 1-2 weeks. Flowers small, shades Ivory, collected in large corymbose inflorescences. They have a rather strong unpleasant odor, reminiscent of the smell of fish.

DAUGHTER OF CUBE

, especially older people, should undergo a full examination by a therapist.

Finds the widest application in the treatment of diarrhea, lung diseases, fractures, arthritis and even paralysis.

Rowan

- Rowan berry combined with honey is an excellent remedy for gallstones. It is necessary to eat it every day for 1-2 months.

Pomegranate mountain ash is the result of crossing ordinary mountain ash with hawthorn. Tree 4 m high, with simple leaves, shiny, smooth, dark green, slightly pubescent. Fruits of mountain ash pomegranate the size of a cherry, sweet and sour, burgundy color. Winter-hardy. Excellent in alley and single plantings.

For the intestines

Plant plants 4-5 cm deeper than the level of the root collar, but without deepening the grafting site. The roots in the planting hole should not be bent and come into contact with fertilizers. The pit is covered with soil from the upper layer and rammed. After planting, the seedlings are watered (2-3 buckets of water) and the central conductor is shortened by 20-25 cm. Lateral shoots, if any, are also cut so that they are not higher than the central conductor.

Rowan mogovina grows in the south, in the conditions of the Middle Strip it freezes. But in the southern regions of Russia, this type of mountain ash grows into a huge tree and produces very large, plum-sized fruits of bright crimson and purple colors.

Rowan hybrid (Sorbus x hybrida) is found in Scandinavia. This is a natural hybrid of mountain ash and mountain ash (Sorbus intermedia x Sorbus aucuparia).​

Rowan: benefit and harm

The fruits are bright, red-orange, juicy, up to 1 cm in diameter, ripen at the end of August, remain on the branches until the first frost and later.

- resistance to diseases and pests is high, the tree is very winter-hardy, early-growing, the yield is plentiful, annual, the fruits are bright orange in color, the taste is pleasant, sweet-sour, without the tart taste typical of mountain ash. It is used in fresh and processed form - jelly, juices, fruit drinks, jam, rowan fig, raw materials for the preparation of marshmallows, marmalade and other products. Tree growth is restrained.

We bring to your attention an article by the candidate of agricultural sciences T.K. Poplavskaya about the best varieties of mountain ash.

A decoction of rowan leaves

Scientific studies of the composition of berries explain

• - General strengthening infusion for anemia and beriberi: two teaspoons of fruits (dry or fresh) pour 400 ml of boiling water, let it brew until cool, then add honey or sugar to taste. It is recommended to take such an infusion 4 times a day, one hundred milliliters.
• Grows wildly in Central Europe and Scandinavia.
• Pass the rowan berries through a meat grinder, add sugar (1: 1). Take on T st.l. 3 times a day with water. This is a remedy for persistent constipation.
• Fact: mountain ash does not tolerate the close occurrence of groundwater (their level should not be higher than 1.5 m). with prolonged stagnation of water in the area, the roots are damaged, the bark supports. plants die.

Rowan: recipes

Finnish mountain ash differs from ordinary raspberry-colored fruits, which become transparent when ripe, like viburnum. Canadian mountain ash has pink berries that turn blue when ripe.

The tree is 10-15 m tall, in young specimens the crown is columnar or conical, becoming rounded with age. The leaves are pinnate at the base, entire in the middle and upper parts, lobed, rusty-brown in autumn. Blooms in late May - early June for about 2 weeks. The flowers are white, large, up to 2 cm in diameter, collected in corymbose inflorescences. The fruits ripen in September, rounded, up to 1,E cm in diameter, bright red, juicy, edible. It propagates well by seeds and cuttings.

Rowan ordinary - unpretentious plant. Propagated well by seeds, well propagated by cuttings. There are many decorative forms of this species. They differ in the shape of the crown (spreading, weeping, pyramidal), the color of the fruits and their taste, the color of the leaves (white-mottled, golden, etc.). Rowan ordinary can often be found on household plots, in gardens and parks, both in the form of single specimens and group plantings along paths, along the edges of tree plantations.​

BEAD

Fruits and berries are important in human nutrition. Of greatest interest are those that contain a large amount of vitamins, trace elements and other substances that promote human health.​

Treat exudative diathesis (scrofula) in children, foot fungus.

what is rowan useful for

Rowan pomegranate from Michurin: video

Contraindications for use have not been identified. However, it should be noted that mountain ash has the ability to increase the acidity of the stomach, so it is not recommended to use it in very large quantities.

Intermediate mountain ash is sometimes confused with hybrid mountain ash, but this mountain ash does not have a complex leaf. The foliage is entire, oblong-ovate, shallow-lobed, 12 cm long, green above, grayish below, red in autumn. A low, slender tree with a decorative crown, silvery foliage and a smooth gray trunk. The flowers of rowan intermediate are white, about 1 cm in diameter, collected in corymbs. The fruits of rowan intermediate are orange-red.

rowan care

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Rowan: planting and care, types and varieties, photo.

Description of mountain ash

Rowan elderberry - a shrub up to 2 m high, especially good for small areas. Tien Shan mountain ash is distinguished by its compact size and graceful crown.

Caring for mountain ash is easy. Trunk croup-keep in order: weed, loosen. In grafted plants, root shoots and shoots developing below the grafting site are cut out. Only young specimens need watering, and even in hot dry periods. In autumn, trunk circles are covered with nutritious compost and rotted manure.

Types and varieties of mountain ash

Rowan house

The fruits of mountain ash are edible, but are very bitter. This disadvantage usually disappears after the first frost, then the berries become more palatable.

- annual yield, high, fruits of dessert taste, without a tart taste typical of mountain ash. This mountain ash is very good for confectionery production, for cooking fruit candies"Bead in sugar", as well as juices that can be used as cranberry for jelly, fruit drinks, as an acidifier in confectionery.

Rowan - one of the most valuable multivitamin crops

Infusion of leaves and fruits

- the presence in them of a number of active substances:

Rowan Köhne

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Rowan is a tall tree, so it must be planted along the border of the garden so that it does not obscure the site, for example, along the perimeter. Rowan can grow on any soil, but prefers fertile - light loam.

Rowan pomegranate from Michurin

Mountain ash

A year after planting in the spring, mountain ash is fed with nitrogen fertilizers, and in the fall, 40-50 g of superphosphate and 20-30 g of potassium salt are applied under each plant.

Sweet rowan

Rowan trees respond well to crown shaping. For this in early spring remove damaged over the winter and weak shoots. Excessively long shoots are shortened by removing the upper internode. With a significant deterioration in growth and fruiting, pruning up to 2-3 years of wood helps.

BURKA

Rowan intermediate

​: Its fruits serve as an excellent source of P-active substances, vitamin C, carotene, vitamin K, and also contain vitamins B2, E. Organic acids, pectins, sorbitol, carbohydrates accumulate in significant quantities in its fruits.

Mountain ash location

Vitamins.

​After the age of four months, do not restrict the movements of the child. Let him jerk his legs and arms to his own pleasure. This is necessary for proper physical development.

rowan care

Planting mountain ash: you need to plant mountain ash in autumn or spring. It is necessary to plant trees at a distance of not closer than 5 m to each other. After planting, rowan seedlings must be watered and the central conductor shortened, and in next year- side shoots.

rowan breeding

Watch this video on YouTube

The soil around the seedling is loosened in early spring, then 4-5 times during the summer. Trunk circles are mulched with peat, manure, etc.

The use of mountain ash in landscape design

Although people have long wanted to make elegant and healthy berries tastier, work on breeding sweet varieties of mountain ash did not produce results for a long time. Since the 19th century, only varieties of national selection Nevezhinskaya and Moravskaya were known, with subspecies Kubovaya and Zheltaya. They can be called sweet-fruited rather conditionally, but the berries are less tart and more juicy than those of wild mountain ash. They were used mainly for making liqueurs and liqueurs.​

rowan partners

Mountain ash is subject to a fairly large number of various diseases, which are divided into leaf diseases ( powdery mildew, rust, brown and gray spots, scab, viral ring mosaic) and diseases of branches and trunks (various types of necrosis).

The famous Nevezhinsky mountain ash has fruits that are practically not bitter. It comes from the village of Nevezhino, Vladimir Region. Nevezhinsky mountain ash at the beginning of the last century was widely cultivated throughout Central Russia. Thanks to folk selection, a number of varieties have appeared. I.V. used them in his works. Michurin, crossing both with other types of mountain ash, and with pear, hawthorn, medlar.

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Rowan.

Rowan - general description

- a low-growing tree (up to 2 m tall), the crown is compact, the yield is annual, plentiful, begins fruiting in the 2-3rd year after planting in the garden. The tree is disease resistant. The fruits are dark in color, 1.3-1.4 g in size. They are especially good for processing. Compotes, jams have a specific pleasant aroma and a very beautiful appearance. The color of the product is dark ruby, very beautiful. Bourka mountain ash juice in blends with juice of other fruits, especially from apples, gives the products a piquancy of taste and attractive appearance. The color of the juice is ruby, sparkling. There is information about the presence in the fruits of mountain ash of eight essential amino acids, without which the normal functioning of the body is impossible. There is more vitamin C in the fruits of this crop than in the fruits of many varieties of apple, pear, cherry, and raspberry. Rowan has long been used for medicinal purposes. It is used in gerontological practice and in herbal medicine for diseases associated with an increased background of radiation. And what rowan juices, drinks, jams, compotes, jams, figs, marshmallows, marmalade can be prepared!

Rowan - types and places of growth

Bark of young shoots

Ascorbic acid ("C"), beta-carotene (provitamin "A") and vitamins of the "P" group are contained in rowan berries in an amount much greater than in known fruits and berries, which makes it possible to call mountain ash a natural multivitamin. The simultaneous content of high doses of "C" and "P" greatly enhances their antibiotic properties and inhibits the growth of pathological bacteria, viruses and microbes in the body, and beta-carotene helps to strengthen the immune system. In addition, "P" active substances actively restore the vascular-capillary system.

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Rowan - medicinal properties

Care comes down to removing shoots and shoots, as well as fertilizing, watering and loosening the soil, forming a crown and controlling diseases and pests. Since mountain ash starts to grow very early, top dressing and pruning of plantings should be carried out at an earlier date. When pruning fruit-bearing trees, it is necessary to take into account the nature of fruiting. In varieties and types of mountain ash, fruiting on last year's growths, the shoots are slightly shortened, and the crown is thinned out. Rowan trees with weak growth are rejuvenated pruning on two-year-old wood to induce shoot growth.

Pictured from top to bottom: 1. Mountain ash. 2. Rowan hybrid.3. Rowan Monbeig.4. Rowan Kashmir. 5. Chinese mountain ash. 6. Rowan alder

In autumn, they are dug up by 10-15 cm, preventing damage to the roots, while at the same time closing up and organic fertilizers. Fruiting mountain ash responds well to watering during the growing season and 15-20 days before harvest. Without enough moisture, especially in the heat, the harvest will be poor.

Rowan - dosage forms

A breakthrough in the cultivation of mountain ash was made by the Russian biologist and breeder I.V. Michurin. As it turned out, mountain ash lends itself well to interspecific crossing, forming hybrid forms with chokeberry, hawthorn, medlar, pear and other “neighbors” in the pink family. Thus, numerous varieties of sweet and large-fruited mountain ash were obtained.

Rowan - traditional medicine recipes

As control measures, first of all, compliance with the conditions of agricultural technology should be mentioned. It is not recommended to plant rowan and juniper nearby, as they are affected by the same type of rust fungus. Affected leaves and branches are removed and burned. Autumn litter is also burned. Severely affected specimens are destroyed. To combat diseases and as a preventive measure, plantings are sprayed with fungicides.

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GARNET

Rowan - contraindications

In Siberia, it is traditionally used to reduce libido, in Ukraine - as a sedative for increased excitability.

• Pectins.

Rowan is a low tree, the distribution area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich is very extensive and occupies more than one continent. Useful properties of fruits, inflorescences, leaves and bark of this plant have been known since antiquity. Today, the official treatment of mountain ash is enshrined in pharmacopoeial documents in Poland, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus. The answer to the question "what is useful mountain ash?" might make a good book. However, for the effective use of this “natural pharmacy”, it is worth considering that mountain ash is not “suitable” for everyone - contraindications have a serious basis and deserve careful study.

Health

Species are propagated by seeds, and forms by grafting on mountain ash. Excellent results can be obtained by using common hawthorn as a stock. Usually budding is carried out in July - with a sleeping eye. When breeding rowan seeds, crops are carried out in spring or autumn. Seeds are pre-soaked for 4 hours before stratification. Rowan seedlings grow quickly and in autumn they are already suitable for planting.

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Rowan treatment - folk and official medicine| Recipe for health

Rowan pruning - how to?

Pomegranate - the most common variety of sweet mountain ash. Forms a compact tree 4-5 m high, frost-resistant. The berries are dark red, with a sweet and sour taste without bitterness, but a little tart.

Types of mountain ash

From the 3rd year of life, it is useful to feed young plants with mineral fertilizers three times a season. First feeding complex fertilizer carried out in the spring, the second - in the middle of summer. At the end of summer-autumn, phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are applied.

• The genus Rowan (Sorbus) from the family Rosaceae (Rosaceae) has about 100 species distributed in the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. 40 species of mountain ash grow in Russia. The scientific name of the plant is the Latin name of one of the types of mountain ash. - The yield is plentiful, annual, the fruits are quite large 1.6-1.8 g or more, dark in color. The fruit ripens in early September. Excellent taste from the fruits of this variety jam, compotes, juices, especially cooked with other fruits in a blend.
• All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Fruit Plants. I.V. Michurina Leaves crushed into gruel
• More than 50% of pectins in rowan fruits are insoluble (protopectins). Being absorbents, these substances effectively restore the work of the entire digestive system, contribute to the detoxification of the body.
• The technology of growing material from seeds is simpler and more convenient than propagation by grafting. But with seed reproduction, it is necessary to take into account not only the variability of species, but also the late entry into the period of flowering and fruiting of plants. The genus includes 84 species growing in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere.

During the period of crown formation, thickening branches with sharp forks should be removed from the tree. In a well-formed crown, there should be 6-10 well-placed main branches (including the central conductor). Before the mountain ash enters fruiting, pruning is usually reduced to a slight shortening of the shoots to the outer bud (to expand the crown). In the future, it depends on the nature of fruiting. In plants of varieties that bear fruit on last year's growths (Dessertnaya, Pomegranate, Burka), the branches are thinned out. and the rest are slightly shortened. If the tree has weak growth, the branches are cut to 2-3-year-old wood. In plants of varieties that bear fruit on various fruit formations (Beauty, Ruby), during the period of full fruiting, skeletal and semi-skeletal branches are shortened, and short fruit branches up to 6 cm long with annular annual scars are systematically thinned and rejuvenated.

Rowan chokeberry

Ruby - one of the most juicy and delicious. Juice is squeezed out easily, like from a blackberry. Dried berries resemble raisins.

​By the way: Rowan wood is used to make furniture, decorative elements. The bark can be used as a tanning material. Rowan fruits serve as food for birds, they are good forage for livestock.

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Useful substances of mountain ash ordinary (red-fruited)

DESSERT

Promising rowan varieties have been obtained that meet the requirements of intensive cultivation technologies. They are suitable for a more compact fit, because. have moderate growth. This creates the conditions for more successful fruit picking.​ Apply to open wounds, burns for disinfection and stimulation of healing. Amino acids.

• Rowan - a tree or tree-like shrub, dicotyledonous class, Rosaceae family. The plant is unpretentious, grows freely both in the wild (in the forests of the second tier), and in cultivated conditions. Main distribution areas: Eurasia, North Africa, America. Flower growers need to remember that mountain ash is not only a valuable fruit, but a highly ornamental plant. Some species and varieties, having good winter hardiness, are perfect for use in fruit and ornamental horticulture in the northern regions of our country, where they have no equal in beauty.
• Trees or shrubs with various leaf shapes, widely used in park construction. The mountain ash is very effective in the autumn period, when the crown is decorated with colorful fruits, and the foliage is painted in yellow and crimson tones. It grows on different soils, but prefers nutrient-rich ones. The benefits of mountain ash
• Michurinskaya dessert - perhaps, it can really be called sweet. Low, sometimes even bushy, takes up little space on the site. Link