Growing carrots - all the secrets and subtleties of care. Carrot planting and care in the open field planting dates correct sowing watering and further care Carrot planting and care in the open field

Carrots are grown in almost every garden, but they do not always succeed - instead of a beauty, a meager stunted spectacle with a finger grows.

And I want it to grow large, beautiful, as they sell on the market.

Family: Umbrella or celery.

Cycle: a biennial plant, in the first year of life it forms a dense rosette of leaves and a root crop, and in the second - a seed bush and seeds proper.

Root crop: depending on the variety, round, cylindrical or conical shape. Yellow, orange, pink, red and black-purple.

Crop rotation: Carrots are returned to their original place no earlier than after 5 years. The best predecessors are cucumbers, cabbage, tomatoes, onions, early potatoes, under which organic matter was added several years ago.

The best yields of carrots are obtained on peat-marsh, floodplain, sandy and light loamy soils with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction.

Carrots grow poorly in heavy clay areas and in the shade. The place allotted for growing carrots is certainly clean from weeds, especially perennials - wheatgrass, sow thistle, milkweed, which greatly inhibit seedlings.

Carrot cultivation: sowing dates and seeding

There is no exact landing date. Seeds are laid even in cold soil, then the carrots will be large and strong. As the snow melts, you can plant it, year after year it doesn’t have to. This may be the end of March or the 1st or 2nd decade of April.

Carrot seeds germinate well at +3 degrees and above. The optimal temperature for development is +18 gr ... +22 gr.

For more friendly and early shoots of carrots, the seeds are soaked in water or a solution of microelements or growth regulators (epin, oxyhumate, hydrohumate) until completely swollen.

After soaking, the seeds are slightly dried and mixed with sand to make it easier to scatter during planting.

Before direct sowing, the beds are leveled with a rake, grooves are made, they are shed with warm water or a pink solution of potassium permanganate. Carrot seeds are deepened by 1-3 cm, sprinkled with sifted soil mixed with peat and lightly compact the soil with the palm of your hand or the back of a rake.

It is good to plant onions or garlic near carrots. They scare away the carrot fly, the main pest, from it, and the carrot, in response, the onion fly.

Also, seeds can be planted in early June and autumn (late October - early November) before the soil freezes. Landing before winter is done without pre-soaking.

thinning

For the first time, carrots are thinned out with 1 - 2 true leaves, again after 20 - 30 days, leaving 2.5 - 3 cm between plants. It is advisable to thin out only on cloudy days or after rain or watering.

So that the upper part of the root crop does not turn green, they are spudded without falling asleep growing points.

top dressing

On soils with a low nitrogen content (pale carrots, poorly developed), the plant is fertilized 1-2 times per season with an infusion of fermented bird droppings (1:20) or manure (1:10). Nitrogen fertilizers are applied no later than the first decade of July, potash fertilizers without chlorine - in early August.

Carrots are responsive to watering, especially during seed germination and early growth. During the formation of root crops, it is watered regularly, but moderately, so as not to spread.

Carrot cultivation - preventive measures

For the prevention of aphids, carrot flies, psyllids, carrot beds are sprayed every 3 days with an infusion of marigolds or needles, and after loosening and weeding, the rows are sprinkled with ash, celandine or pharmaceutical chamomile powder.

white rot

When pests appear, carrots are treated according to the instructions with biological products. For example, lepidocide, Bitoxibacillin and others.

But from diseases caused by pathogenic fungi (alternaria) - Phytocid, Trichodermin, Mikosan - V.

• Carrots are rich in flavonoids, enzymes, vitamins D, C, B, E, nicotinic acid, phosphorus, iron, selenium, potassium, and magnesium.

• It is useful for vision, skin, mucous membranes, it is often used in diets, with myocardial infarction, cholelithiasis and urolithiasis.

• Fresh gruel or carrot juice can treat frostbite, burns, festering wounds, ulcers, cuts.

• Carrots contain a lot of keratin, it is converted into vitamin A in a living organism thanks to fats. Therefore, carrots should be eaten, for example, with vegetable oil or sour cream.

Varieties

Alenka - an early ripe variety, root crops up to 12 cm long, orange in color, excellent taste.

Moscow Winter is a mid-season high-yielding variety, suitable for sowing before winter. Root crops up to 18 cm long, red-orange in color with a high content of carotene.

Vita Longa is a late-ripening variety, the roots do not crack, they are suitable for obtaining juice. Conical root crops 20 - 30 cm long with a high content of keratin and sugar.

This vegetable is so useful that there is no doubt that many did not like it in childhood. But you can't argue with the fact that it is practically indispensable in cooking. That is why in our article we will tell you how to plant carrots in open ground and care for them.

To grow good carrots, planting and care in the open field must be timely and correct. It is necessary to choose the optimal place and time for planting, prepare seeds and tools.

Timing

Carrots do not need well-heated soil or air. You can plant a vegetable in the ground already at 5-6 degrees of soil temperature. For each region, the time will be slightly different depending on the climatic conditions of the region, but usually you can plant as early as the end of April. Also, the choice of time depends on the variety: for late and mid-season, the period from late April to mid-May is suitable, early ones can be planted later. The root crop is not afraid of small frosts, so it is better not to be late with sowing. In autumn, the vegetable is planted in late October or early November. It is also better to sow carrots before prolonged rains.

Soil preparation

A bed for carrots should be chosen on a flat sunny place. You can plant carrots in an area with a slight slope or unevenness. Particular attention should be paid to what culture preceded. If crops that deplete the soil previously grew in the garden, and the soil was left practically without the necessary macro- and microelements, then you can’t count on a high yield. It is best planted in beds where potatoes, cucumbers, zucchini, cabbage and garlic grew.

The landing site is prepared in advance so that the soil has time to settle, and the piles crumble. The sooner you prepare the soil, the better. You need to dig deep enough so that when germinating, the carrots do not rest on solid ground, otherwise it will begin to bend. Of course, before planting it is desirable to feed the soil. Superphosphate, potash and nitrogen fertilizers, humus are optimal.

How to plant in spring

After preparing and processing the seeds, you can start sowing. It is recommended to plant seeds in rows, at a distance of at least 15 cm. The depth depends on the type of soil: light - about 3 cm, heavy - up to 2 cm. The wells must be well moistened. Some gardeners, along with the seeds, throw granules of complex fertilizers.

How to plant before winter

Autumn planting has its own characteristics. For the winter, it is recommended to plant early varieties of crops. They are not stored for a long time, but the crop ripens a few weeks earlier. Autumn sowing of carrots is carried out only in light soils. Depending on the temperature, carrots are sown from late October to mid-November.

The bed should be prepared at the end of September. After sowing, the soil is mulched with peat. In the spring, the bed should be covered with a special film until shoots appear.

Care rules

Planting carrots is just the beginning. We figured out how to plant carrots, now let's move on to agricultural technology.

Necessary conditions for growing

The following conditions are necessary for growing carrots:

• carrots can only be planted in soil with neutral acidity, otherwise the fruit will lose its magnificent sweetish taste;
• excessive waterlogging leads to increased growth and coarsening of the vegetable;
• it is also impossible to allow excessive drying of the soil - this will affect the juiciness and taste of the fruit, the carrot will be pulled together sluggish and bitter;
• the vegetable needs timely, properly done processing.

Watering mode

Before planting a carrot, the soil should be worked in such a way that moisture reaches the very bottom of the fruit. It is important not to overfill or underfill. The lack of moisture is also fraught with lateral processes, the structure becomes rigid.

And as a result of waterlogging, the fruit can crack, shoots appear. The number of irrigations, as a rule, does not change, but the volumes increase. Watering is recommended once a week. The calculation is done per m². After planting and before the second thinning - about 3 liters, then the volume triples, and during the period of active growth of root crops, it doubles. A month before harvesting, the amount of moisture is reduced to 10 liters, and 2 weeks later it stops altogether.

fertilizers

The soil was already fed before planting the carrots. However, this is not enough, so it is recommended to feed the vegetable 2 more times. The first feeding is carried out a few weeks after germination, the second - about a month after the first. Top dressing is best applied in liquid form along with watering. To do this, mix wood ash, nitrophoska, potassium nitrate, superphosphate and urea. You can also use yeast top dressing, which is prepared from ordinary yeast.

Treatment

With the help of thinning, the density of crops is regulated. The first time you need to thin out after the appearance of real tops, the second - a month after the first. If the inputs are not dense, thinning the carrots is not necessary. As a result, there should be approximately 10 cm between seedlings.

Disease and pest control

Most often, carrots are affected by phomosis, bacteriosis, septoria, various types of rot.

Diseases caused by bacteria are most often spread by seeds. Fungal diseases appear as a result of improper cultivation of planting soil and improper care. That is why pre-treatment of seeds, liming of the soil, removal of weeds and rationed application of nitrogen and organic fertilizers are important.

Bordeaux liquid will also help to cope with fungal diseases. In order to prevent the appearance of pests (carrot flies, aphids, wireworms, scoops, slugs), you can scatter ash, needles over the area, plant onions. Slugs must be collected by hand. Also, do not forget about the desirable disinfection of the soil, timely harvesting of spoiled fruits and digging up the soil. Treat not only carrots, but also crops that pose a possible threat to them. Follow these simple tips and harvest a bountiful harvest.

Video "Planting carrots"

From this video you will learn how to properly plant carrots in open ground.

Carrot is a rather finicky vegetable that is able to respond to unaccounted for nuances in the growing process with a strange-looking crop and disappointingly low yield. Carrot care in the open field implies a strict sequence in each of the points of the successive stages of root development, and missing one of the points means jeopardizing all the work expended. How to care for carrots correctly?

How to grow carrots the right way? High yields begin with the preparation of the soil for planting, and initial preparations should be made in the fall. A flat place is chosen in the garden, sufficiently illuminated by the sun during daylight hours and, preferably, previously used for planting cucumbers, white cabbage or cereals. Depending on what kind of soil carrots like, namely, neutral or slightly acidic, the alkaline balance of the soil is regulated.

First, you need to assess whether the soil is suitable for carrots in terms of this indicator. The easiest way is to collect a pinch of earth from the desired area on a piece of clean glass and pour it with table vinegar. Alkaline and slightly acidic environments will react with strong or moderate foam protrusion (as when soda is extinguished), while acidic ones will not show changes.

You can also pay attention to the clogging of the area with grass:

• neutral soils are rich in lush long vegetation: nettle, quinoa, clover;
• acidic soils, on which it is impossible to grow sweet carrots, will abound in mint, horsetail, violet and buttercup;
• on the ground with low acidity, there will be burdock, alfalfa, small pharmacy chamomile and thistle;
• alkaline environment, the poorest and also not very suitable for growing carrots in the open ground, as well as acidic, it is characterized by: poppy, sweet clover, bindweed.

The second task in the question of how to grow a good crop of carrots is to create conditions for saturating the soil with oxygen. This is required so that the carrot tastes sweet and grows slenderly in length, and does not go horny and crooked in all directions, bumping into the firmament of unloosened earth. A clumsy carrot occurs when a vegetable begins to branch out in search of a convenient direction and softer soil, and not sweet - due to lack of air.

Light fluffy soil, not clogged with clay, is enough to work out with a garden rake, and hard, caked layers must be completely broken by deep digging.

How to plant carrots

How to grow carrots in even rows and evenly distributed along the groove? In order to get a good harvest, vegetables should not sit tightly to each other, which means that a distance must be maintained between the seeds that is convenient for thinning later. There are many such convenient ways in agricultural technology:

• with a mixture of flour and water, to a strip from a paper towel or napkin, the seeds are glued at a distance of 2-3 cm from each other, then these tapes are inserted directly into the grooves after preplant irrigation;
• combine the contents of a bag of seeds with 1 glass of clean sand, mix everything and this mass is injected into a dug groove in a thin stream;
• two tablespoons of starch are boiled in a liter of water and this barely warm substance, with the seeds added to it, is poured into the prepared grooves;
• most gardeners, when planting this crop, traditionally plant seeds in the soil with a distance of about 4 cm and a gap between rows of 15 cm.

What to do immediately after landing? The bed is covered with polyethylene, which is held until the first shoots appear. The vegetable is quite tolerant of low temperatures and even soil frosts, but prolonged cold is the reason why carrots go to the arrow to the detriment of root development.

Watering carrots

Carrots in the open field do not require as much regular as uniform watering - it does not matter to the plant how often the soil is moistened, but the moisture level should be constant and unchanged. Deviation from the level of water saturation in the soil that is comfortable for the root crop leads to pathologies of root formation:

• surface and slight soil moisture leads to the formation of a woody rhizome - the pale core of such a vegetable tastes bitter, and the carrot itself sometimes grows to bulky shapeless balls;
• when growing carrots, it is also dangerous to oversaturate the soil with watering - there is a risk of getting nondescript twisted freaks with branchy tops.

One of the signs of improper and uneven watering is a horned carrot that has two or more root forks. To avoid mistakes of this kind, it is better to water the root crops, adhering to the approximate scheme:

• when the first shoots appear, 7-8 irrigations are carried out during the month, 6 liters of water per 1 m 2 of the plot;
• in the first month of summer, the rate increases to 11-12 liters, multiplied by 5-6 irrigations;
• in July, there should be only about five waterings, but 13-15 liters per square meter;
• the onset of August entails a decrease in water consumption and labor costs - carrots are already growing on two irrigations of 6 liters of water each.

14-20 days before the day scheduled for harvesting, watering is stopped. Then a single moistening of the soil is carried out to facilitate the digging process.

Weeding and thinning carrots

Growing carrots in the open field should be accompanied by repeated weeding, especially in the period before germination, when weeds with powerful rhizomes may not allow the vegetable crop to sprout. Weeds should not be allowed to grow too tall - late weeding is one of the reasons why gardeners do not count subsequently a useful crop, because along with the grass, young tops of a vegetable that has not been grown are also in the common heap.

How to get high yields with regular weeding? There are two theories equally substantiated by the experience of gardeners on how to weed a vegetable:

• after watering or rain - thus, the weeds are easily pulled out with the entire root system;
• before watering, when the ground is dry - in this case, thin grass roots remain in the ground and dry out, which prevents the germination of new weeds.

Another mandatory procedure, without which the cultivation and care of this crop in the open field is impossible, is the competent thinning of plants in the garden. When the seeds are initially planted with the same distance from each other of 2-3 cm, thinning is rather a corrective procedure and is not always necessary. Solid sowing in any of the ways, when the seeds went randomly into the furrow, in the long term always means one or two stages of breaking through the excess shoots. Should it be done? Necessarily. The first thinning is carried out immediately, as soon as individual leaves can be distinguished from the hatched greens.

Often the answer to the question: why do carrots grow ugly lies precisely in the wrong actions when removing extra sprouts.

There are certain secrets of how to perform this simple operation correctly.

What to do and in what sequence to perform actions:

• before thinning, the beds should be shed abundantly from a garden watering can;
• the sprout should not be pulled, but pulled straight up from the ground, without swinging it;
• it is necessary that between the saved bushes there is a distance of 3 or 4 cm;
• immediately after the procedure, the garden is watered with warm water.

At the same stage, it is customary to carry out the first hilling of carrots and the first loosening between rows. And, if the second part of the algorithm does not raise big questions, a lot of controversy arises about the first.

So - do you need to spud carrots?

We spud correctly

Often, even from experienced gardeners, you can hear that carrots are not spudded. However, if you are not too lazy to do this painstaking work at least three times during the development of the vegetable, you can protect the future harvest from three misfortunes at once:

• from the defeat of the open part of the root by a carrot fly, which loves to lay eggs at the base of the vegetable;
• from the protrusion of greenery at the top of the rhizome;
• from exposure to direct sunlight, which leave burns on the surface of the root near the tops.

Mulching a vegetable

How to grow large carrots and at the same time knowingly eliminate the risk of overdrying the soil, the danger of pest invasion, and also significantly reduce the number of weeding and loosening? For this, there is a technology for covering the soil with mulch, and the technique itself is called "mulching".

How to mulch a carrot bed? The most common way to mulch a garden bed is to cover the space between the rows of planted vegetables with hay, straw or sawdust. The latter option is preferable, since the shelter with sawdust retains moisture longer and is a more reliable shield against the invasion of cabbage and other pests.

Covering the soil with sawdust has another important advantage over grass flooring - weeds do not germinate through it, while the dried grass itself can by default have mature and ready-to-sprout seeds that will grow on contact with moisture. The same properties, along with sawdust, have small chips.

It is recommended to mulch carrots when the outer part of the plant reaches 14-16 cm, and the vegetable itself will be about 7-8 cm in diameter at the widest part of the root. Is it possible to mulch late varieties of root crops? It is not only possible, but also necessary, since the shelter retains the temperature for a long time, which it receives from the sun in the daytime, and as a result, the roots turn out to be juicy and not cracked.

There are often complaints on the forums, like the following: “I mulch a vegetable crop according to all the rules, but the vegetable wilts, the tops fall, and the result is a horned or otherwise ugly carrot that does not have sweetness.” An important condition before the procedure is the drying of the material. Whatever mulching is done, the cover should not rot and thus serve as a habitat for the reproduction of harmful microorganisms. And the secret of the withering, falling tops is the rotting of the root, to which oxygen does not reach through the dense crust of damp mulch. That's all the secrets of proper mulching.

Common Mistakes

Let's name the most common mistakes of gardeners, answering the most frequent complaints, why carrots do not grow:

• the seeds were planted without prior soaking or in insufficiently heated soil (the norm is 7-9 C);
• too deep sowing or incorrect formation of a furrow (it is necessary to deepen the groove by 2 cm, then tamp its bottom with a palm edge or a chopper handle);
• lack of watering before or after planting, or watering with cold water;
• abundant watering of the soil during the time until the sprouts hatched out of the soil (until the green brush of sprouted plants appears on the garden bed, you cannot water the garden);

Carrots are a vegetable popular in cooking. It adds sweetness to the dish.

It goes well with other vegetables, meat, fish or fruits.

This root crop is not a capricious plant, but mistakes in caring for it can lead to diseases, significantly reduce the quality and volume of the crop.

Features of carrots

Over a long period of time, people have bred a large number of varieties of carrots. Initially, the plant was domesticated in our area as an exotic spice. Seeds and tops of which were used as seasoning.
Carrots, after sowing seeds in the first year, consist of tops and roots. It gives seeds in the second year of cultivation. They form in an umbrella inflorescence. As an agricultural crop, it is divided into types: sowing and cultivated carrots.

Carrots are rich in vitamins and minerals. It is necessary for a person to maintain life. The root crop has a positive effect on vision, contributes to the overall strengthening of the body due to the content of vitamins, acids and other useful components.

Varieties of carrots for open ground

Carrot cultivars

Varieties of carrots are conditionally combined into three categories according to the criterion of the shape of the root crop. These are a cone, a cylinder and a sphere. Carrots are divided into varieties (Nantes, Shantane, Flakke), which are divided into early, medium and late ripening varieties.
Consider the features of each variety type.

Nantes:

• leaves are small;
• root crop in the form of a cylinder;
• root crop with a narrow core in the tone of the bark;
• has early and late-ripening varieties (Bright, Korona Natofi, Praline, etc.)

• the leaves are fleshy and tall;
• root crop in the form of a cone;
• the core is large;
• has early and late-ripening varieties (Sweet tooth, Artek, Red Giant, etc.)

• leaves straight, medium;
• root crop in the form of a truncated cone;
• carrots have a faceted wide core;
• has early ripe varieties (Alenka and Karotel);
• differs in the duration of storage and a high content of carotene, useful for vision.

• the deciduous part is equal in weight to the fruit;
• the root crop is large, has a rounded shape;
• the carrot stem is wide in diameter;
• has late-ripening varieties (Queen of Autumn, Helzmaster).

Parisian Carotel:

• has early ripe varieties;
• the root crop is rounded, small in diameter;
• has a good yield, even in the most difficult conditions.

Amsterdam:

• has early ripe varieties;
• root crops in the form of a long narrow cylinder;
• it is fragile and absolutely unsuitable for long-term storage.

Emperor:

• has medium and late-ripening varieties (Russian size, Mo, Sugar gourmet);
• the root crop is large, in the form of a pointed cone;
• fragile variety type - able to break by negligence;
• such carrots can be unsweetened.

Berlicum-Nantes:

• a large root crop in the form of a cylinder with a pointed tip;
• differs in good bed-resistance;
• not as tasty as Nantes, or carrots of other varieties.

If you need carrots that will retain their taste and useful components for a long time, opt for the Queen of Autumn, Red Giant, Autumn Red, Long Red, Perfectia, etc.
If the result of the fastest ripening is important, after 1.7-2 months, Nantes 4 or 14 will please the harvest, provided that the soil is soft, and 2-2.5 months after sowing, you can eat carrots of the varieties Artek, Rex, Chanson, Vitamin 6 etc.

It is advisable to eat early carrots in the summer, or use them in conservation (in salads, marinades, etc.). It cannot be stored for a long time. The varieties best suited for wintering in the cellar are harvested in the fall, and the ripening time ranges from 3 to 4.5 months.

Among the varieties of carrots, there is also a purple carrot F1 Purple Elixir, which contains special beneficial substances that help cleanse the body of fats and cholesterol, improve the functioning of the central nervous system and circulatory organs.

Features of planting carrots in open ground

In order for carrots planted in open ground to bring a good harvest, it is necessary to carefully approach the choice of soil. The land should be loose, fertile, with neutral acidity and medium humidity. This is important for the quality of root crops: their shape, taste, health.

When is it necessary to sow carrots in open ground?

• It is customary to plant carrots in the spring, but if there is a desire to get an early harvest from late-ripening varieties, you can sow carrots in late autumn - before the onset of cold snowfalls. This will harden the seeds, and in the spring they will sprout at the call of nature - when it is most comfortable for them. These carrots are good to eat fresh. It is not recommended to store it in winter - for this they are waiting for the late autumn harvest of carrots planted in spring.
• Spring planting of early ripe carrots in open ground should begin at a steady temperature of +8. This is necessary in order for the abundant moisture to evaporate from the ground sufficiently. Late-ripening varieties for storage should be sown in April-May, when it is warm outside.
• The seed germination temperature is about +5 ºC. This means that it is best to start sowing work after the earth has completely warmed up - in the last week of April - early May. It is necessary to have time to sow carrots before the start of the rainy season - moisture and heat contribute to the active growth of the root crop.
• Land preparation for spring sowing should take place in the fall - after harvesting. Loosening is carried out as deep as possible, adding fertilizer - so the carrots will grow beautiful and rich in vitamins.
• There is a peculiarity of planting carrots before winter - not every land has a possible result. For example, loamy soils react painfully to moisture when snow melts - the earth is pressed and becomes a rough monolith. Only on light soils is it possible to grow carrots with sowing in late autumn.
• When planting early carrots in the fall, you need to prepare warm beds. In the second or third week of October, the place for sowing is warmed up with greenhouses. After 21 days, the seeds are buried in the ground and sprinkled with peat with a layer of at least 3 cm (sawdust and other mulch can be used instead). After wintering, when the snow melts, the beds under the carrots are again insulated under the film - they put up small greenhouses. It is necessary to monitor the emergence of seedlings: as soon as green carrots appear under the greenhouse, you can remove it and wait for the harvest.

How to process carrot seeds for open ground?

Carrot seeds do not have to be processed in any particular way. But some gardeners try to speed up the process of germination by resorting to such tricks:

• Baths. Seeds are poured into a ceramic vessel and poured with slightly warm water for 4 hours. Repeat the procedure 6 times during the day, changing the cooled water to fresh warm. For the purpose of mineral enrichment, instead of ordinary water, you can make baths from a solution of wood ash (for 1 liter of water - 1 tablespoon of fertilizer). Seeds that have passed all stages of the procedure are washed, wrapped in cloth and sent to the refrigerator, which contributes to the hardening of future sprouts.
• Contrasting water procedures. Seeds are initially tied in a cloth bag. Prepare 2 containers: with hot water (about 50 ºC) and cold. Keep a bag of seeds in hot for 20 minutes, then dip in cold water for 3 minutes.
• Get used to the earth. Seeds tied in fabric are buried in the ground on a spade bayonet. This enables the rudiments to adapt to the conditions of unpredictable nature.
• oxygen enrichment. If you have a special sparger, do the procedure for seeds in a Silk or Epin solution during daylight hours. This processing method helps to speed up the start of seedlings.
• A hydrogen peroxide bath will help speed up the harvest and prevent the development of sores: for 200 ml of water - 1 tsp. pharmaceutical agent. Seeds in a cloth bag are dipped into the solution and incubated for 24 hours.

Seeds prepared for planting can be thrown into the ground. When sowing, try to keep the distance between the grains - this will facilitate the stage of thinning the carrots.

Growing carrots in the open field - the tricks of gardeners

A proven method will help to observe the coveted distance of 3 cm between the grains when sowing.
Dilute the flour in warm water and boil for a few minutes. Dial the cooled paste into a syringe without a needle. Squeeze out the paste onto the unfolded toilet paper with drops at 3 cm intervals. Sow the seeds on the paper, let it dry, pour in the seeds that have not stuck. Toilet paper in the ground will become sour under the influence of moisture and become fertilizer for the vegetable.

Outdoor carrot care

An important component of plant care is loosening the earth. This can be weeding or piercing the ground with a pitchfork. The procedure must be performed regularly, combining it with weed removal. Be sure to keep the soil loose. Thanks to this, the shape of the carrot will be perfect. And if you miss this, be prepared for a crooked and branched carrot that will be inconvenient to dig up and clean.

If carrots were sown without a ruler, they need to be thinned out. The distance between adjacent sprouts should be 3 cm - this is the golden mean during the first thinning, which is performed when two true leaves appear in the seedlings. It is not necessary to perform such a procedure only when a complex prepared seeding using paper has been used. The procedure is repeated a second time after some time, when 4 sheets are formed, leaving an interval of 5-6 cm.

Watering carrots in the open field

Watering is one of the most important stages of care, the quality of which determines the appearance and taste of the root crop. You don't want to get sluggish carrots with a hint of bitterness, do you? Then be sure to take your time organizing irrigation on the site.

How often to water carrots in the open field?

• It is imperative to water the carrots at the stage of formation - before the first shoots appear.
• During the growth period, watering should be equivalent to the depth of the root crop. Carrots do not need to be filled with a lot of water.
• Water the plant dosed and often (at least 1 time per week).
• During the period of seed germination and during active growth, the bed can be watered more often.
• The average water consumption is 10 liters per 1 sq.m per week. At an early stage, 3 liters will be enough, and during the period of active water growth, at least 20 liters per 1 sq.m per week are needed.
• Watering carrots in August in open ground is minimized. A few weeks before harvest, watering is stopped altogether.

Top dressing of carrots in the open field

Twice during the season, regular watering should be replaced by watering with fertilizers: during the formation of seedlings and at 2-3 months of growth. A super mixture is diluted in 1 bucket of water: nitrophoska (1 tbsp), wood ash (1 tbsp), potassium nitrate (20 g), urea (15 g), double superphosphate (15 g).

Diseases of carrots

• bacteriosis. Appears due to the presence of infected residues (carrots and other root crops). Therefore, it is important: to follow the rules of harvesting, removing root crops and tops as much as possible. Preliminary heat treatment of seeds - baths in hot water helps to avoid bacteriosis.
• white rot fungal origin may appear if the storage mode is violated. The harvested crop can be powdered with chalk and stored in a cellar or any other room with good ventilation.
• Red and black rot can overtake the root crop still in the ground. Painful manifestations occur due to an excess of manure in the soil. The infection spreads throughout the carrot, rendering the seeds unusable. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a solution of Tigam 0.5% and sowing future carrots in soil that is not fertilized with fresh manure and rested on root crops helps to prevent the development of the disease.
• Septoria suffers carrots, which are grown in conditions of high humidity. The disease manifests itself in spots on the tops, which can spread quite quickly. Beard liquid is a sure way to get rid of adversity. The entire carrot plantation is treated with it for the purpose of prevention and treatment several times per season with a time interval of 10 days. Sick carrots are removed from the beds.

Carrot pests

Carrots prevent pests from fully developing. Earth inhabitants can be gathered in one place and destroyed.

Carrots are considered the most disease and pest resistant crop. Prevention and treatment of her ailments will cost you cheap or free.

carrot harvest

Early ripe carrots look fully formed already in July. It is collected this month, but it is not subject to storage. The same applies to the August mid-season. Varieties for winter storage are harvested in September before the start of the rainy season. The ground should be dry and the weather clear and sunny.

You can pull carrots out of the sandy ground with your hands. If the soil is dense, you will need a garden tool. On the surface, the carrots are sorted out, sorting into suitable for storage and damaged (broken). Married carrots should be eaten as early as possible before they wither or begin to grow rotten. It should not be stored with healthy carrots, as this is fraught with rotting and infection. As a result, the harvest will be spoiled.

The tops are cut right at the head of the root crop, and the carrots themselves are laid out under a canopy to dry for 3-4 days. After that, it is necessary to withstand 10 days at an air temperature not higher than 14 ° C. for hardening. Spoiled root crops are isolated from the crop.

Carrot storage

Effectively sprinkle carrots with sand, dry moss, onion peel or chalk in boxes. The loose cushion protects the carrots from contact and disinfects the storage environment, thereby preventing the development of rot.
To prevent carrots from sprouting, keep the air temperature no higher than 5 ° C.

• The way to stop time for carrots is a clay shell. Dry clay is diluted with water to a viscous-liquid state. A root crop is dipped into the solution, taken out and placed on a net to dry. "Caramelized" carrots can be stored for a very long time. She won't wilt or deteriorate.

Methods for storing carrots may vary, depending on the variety used. In order not to be mistaken, consult with experienced gardeners or seed sellers which method of storing carrots is best for your chosen varieties.

909 03.10.2019 6 min.

Carrot is a herbaceous plant of small stature, belonging to the biennial group. During the first year of its “life”, the culture strengthens its root system, the vegetative part, a thickening occurs, which contains a huge amount of substances. During the second year, the generative part is formed. She is responsible for reproduction. The yield of this root crop depends on many factors: the right variety, climate conditions, proper planting and care.

About what they are, indicated in this article.

Planting process

When fertilizers have been applied to the intended site for planting seeds, it is worth digging grooves of not great depth. It will be 2 cm. A distance of at least 20 cm must be observed between these grooves. Seeds should be crushed before sowing. Thanks to such actions, you will be able to clean them of bristles. Sprinkle the sifted seeds with earth, and then tamp.

If the seed ripening process takes place at an air temperature of 16-18 degrees, then it will be possible to get the first result in 14 days. The main advantage of this planting material is that, being in the ground, they are able to tolerate minor frosts. If the thermometer reads 4 degrees, then the seeds will be able to survive. If it becomes known that a long cold is approaching, it will lead to intensive flowering of the root crop.

Mentioned in this article.

On the video - growing carrots in the open field:

Carrot belongs to a plant that loves light very much. When planting seeds in a darkened area, you risk reducing the yield and taste of the finished vegetable.

care process

In order to get an excellent harvest of carrots, you need to correctly draw up a plan for caring for root crops. This process involves a set of measures: the preparatory stage of the soil and planting, watering, loosening, subcorking, pest control.

Watering

Upon completion of planting carrots, it is necessary to saturate the kidney with water 2 times a week. Such actions should be performed until the planting material appears from under the ground. Further watering is carried out once a week.

Watering the soil at an early stage is carried out to a depth of 10 cm. As the root crops grow, the depth reaches 20 cm. Due to abundant watering, carrots will begin to grow deeper, consuming moisture from there. With surface watering, the fruit will begin to acquire shoots on the sides. This will lead to a deteriorated appearance of the root crop, and also it will not be able to be stored for a long time. It is not recommended to water the plant 3 weeks before harvesting, as this will lead to cracking.

thinning

In order for the root crop to turn out to be of normal size, not to be ugly, then it is worth performing such a type of care as thinning out. You can start such actions after 2-3 leaves appear from under the ground. It is advisable to thin out once in one season.

loosening

After thinning has been carried out, you can begin to loosen the earth. Thanks to such measures, the formation of a green head in the product can be eliminated.

Mulching

So that the root crop is not damaged during loosening, the soil must be mulched with fine grass, chopped on a grass cutter. The thickness of the mulch layer will be 1.5 cm. As the length of the root increases, the thickness of the layer increases. If everything is done correctly, then you can be sure that a crust will not appear on the surface of the earth, water will evaporate less, weeds will not grow, and root crops will constantly receive the right portion of oxygen.

top dressing

It is impossible to get a high yield of carrots without top dressing. For these purposes, you can use ash, mullein and chicken manure. Dilute mullein with water in a ratio of 1:10, chicken manure - 1:30. Add 250 g of ash to the resulting solution. Fertilize 2 times throughout the season. The first time - after 2 weeks after the emergence of the plant, and the second - 14 days after the first feeding.

Pest Elimination

Root crops have one important and terrible enemy, the carrot fly. To prevent its occurrence, it is necessary to remove all existing vegetation after thinning. As a preventive measure, plant onions around the perimeter and leave dill umbrellas. To prevent rotting of carrots, it is worth constantly monitoring watering. In this case, it is better not to add than to overfill.

On the video - carrots: cultivation and care in the open field:

Necessary agricultural technology

Agrotechnics for obtaining a high quality carrot crop is simple. Soil requirements are not high. It is worth sowing planting material in the fall, since carrots are not intended for long-term storage, or in the spring after the snow melts.

No matter what time was chosen for sowing, the soil for cultivation is prepared in the fall. Deep digging is carried out in the selected area. Humus is introduced and lumps of earth are thoroughly crushed. Fresh litter is allowed to be added after 6 months before sowing. It allowed to accumulate nitrates and reduce the keeping quality of the crop.

The video tells how to properly grow carrots in the open field:

When non-granular planting material is used during sowing, it is advisable to carry out preparation here. Seeds can very often contain pacifiers. In order to prevent them from falling into the ground, it is worth using some methods to extract them:

1. With an ebonite stick. To do this, it is enough to move it over the seeds and those that are spoiled will simply stick to it.
2. Place the planting material in water, and seeds suitable for sowing will fall to the bottom. After this check, dry the seeds.

Before planting, you need to soak the seed in water. Keep it there for half an hour. The presented culture is very fond of sunlight. The process of growing carrots can occur along the perimeter of the beds with onions and garlic. It is allowed to plant cabbage near it. But after harvesting, planting cabbage is not recommended, as it will become oppressed.

Varieties

When choosing a suitable variety of carrots, it is necessary to take into account that they are divided according to ripening time into early, medium and late.

Early

This variety is worth choosing for a quick harvest. The resulting root crop is not intended for long-term storage. It must be eaten immediately.

The best varieties include:

• Amsterdam;
• Lenochka;
• Darling;
• Nantes;
• Orange Muscat;
• Parisian cartel;
• Shantenay 2461;

Late

The duration of storage of the crop depends on the timing of ripening. The later the harvest occurs, the longer it can be stored. This collection includes the following varieties:

• Alenka;
• Berlicum Royal;
• Dolyanka;
• Gold autumn;
• Emperor;
• Red giant.

Varieties of long-term storage

If you are going to store carrots in the winter, then you need to pay attention to the following varieties:

• Biryuchekutskaya;
• Vitamin-6;
• Gueranda;
• Gross;
• Cardinal;
• Queen of autumn;
• Losinoostrovskaya 13.

The sweetest varieties

The presented varieties are grown for the preparation of baby food. Carrots contain a large amount of carotene and sugar. Such a root crop should also be consumed by people who are at the computer for a very long time. To get the sweetest carrots, you should buy these varieties:

• Children's sweetness;
• Children's joy;
• Emperor;
• Carotan;
• Beauty girl;
• Darling;
• Nastena;
• Orange friend.

Varieties for Siberia

To plant carrots in Siberia, it is necessary to focus on those varieties that are not afraid of the harsh climate. This should include:

1. Shantane. Planting material refers to late-ripening. The finished crop can weigh 250 g, has a conical shape. With proper care and cultivation, it is possible to obtain an even and beautiful root crop. It does not crack, is able to be stored for a long time, resists various ailments.
2. Nantes. This variety is included in the group of mid-season. It has a cone-shaped handicap. Before ripening, the top of the carrot turns green or purple. Ready carrots are even and smooth, have an orange tint. The variety can withstand various types of rot, it is perfectly stored.
3. Losinoostrovskaya 13. Also belongs to the group of mid-season. The mass of the finished root crop is 180 g. The shape of the carrot has the form of a cylinder with a pointed or blunt tip. The core and pulp are presented in one color solution. The taste of the product is very juicy, tender and sweet.

On the video - the secrets of growing carrots in the open field:

secrets

If you decide to start growing carrots in open buds, then in order to get a good result, it is important to know a few tricks. They will help you get the highest quality and fastest results:

1. Manure should not be used as fertilizer. In this case, you will get branchy and tasteless root crops.
2. For more uniform sowing of planting material, it is necessary to mix it with sand in a ratio of 1: 1.
3. To reduce the consumption of seeds, it is worth sticking them with a cluster of starch on thin pieces of paper. Keep a distance of 5 cm between the seeds. During planting, you just need to roll out the tape in the furrow and sprinkle it with earth.
4. To get an early harvest, it is worth sowing seeds before winter. Then the harvest will be stored for a long time.
5. To obtain large root crops, it is necessary to make the distance between plants large.
6. During harvesting, clean the strip gently with your hands, do not hit the ground or each other.
7. The product should be stored in a dark, cool place, and the tops should be trimmed.

If you follow all the recommendations presented for the care and cultivation of carrots in an open bud, you can be guaranteed to get a tasty and juicy root crop, which will be stored for a long time. In addition, you can sow not one variety, but several, which will allow you to get a varied harvest.