High quality wood stain. Shades of stain for wood, toning effects

Wood will always be popular, because it is a beautiful and environmentally friendly material. However, like all natural decorative elements, boards are afraid of moisture, and are a favorite habitat for insects, fungi, mold and other microorganisms. To increase the service life of things made from wood species, various protective agents and antiseptics are used. Today we will talk about such a wonderful substance as stain, with its help you can not only solve some problems associated with premature damage wooden materials, but also to give your products an unusual and noble appearance.

Wood is durable and durable material, which is subject to the influence of adverse environmental factors, therefore, in order to protect products from it from possible damage, it is necessary to process them by special means. On the construction market you can find a huge number of different antiseptics, varnishes and other impregnations that change the color and some properties of wood, the most popular and inexpensive product is wood stain. Some people think that stains are used only to change the color of an object, but this wonderful drug has other properties.

The properties of stains may vary depending on their composition. However, even if you make such a tint with your own hands, it will still have some protective properties.

Wood stain properties:

If you want to change not only the color of the wood, but also highlight its texture, then stain is just what you need. It does not completely cover the drawing, like paint, but gives the whole product a pleasant shade.
Wood staining will protect furniture from insects and rot, while preserving the texture and pattern of the wood.
Stain is a protective agent that increases the service life of wooden objects and costs several times cheaper than varnish and paint. In addition, due to its watery consistency, it penetrates deeper into the wood structure.
With the help of stain, you can make even inexpensive pine, painted with colored stain, look like a noble and strong oak and exotic mahogany.
Stain toning can lighten the wood. This technique is especially often used before painting wooden products.
Impregnation with stain will strengthen the structure of the tree and give it a light moisture-proof property.

Not all stains have the above qualities. To understand which stain you need, you need to read its composition, and see what the instructions for use say. By the way, you can process not only whole wooden planks, but also chipboard, plywood or parquet items and other wooden crafts.

Water-based wood stain and alcohol stains

Wood stains on water based- These are the most environmentally friendly beys. They don't have a sharp bad smell and easy to use.

Such a tool can be sold as a dry, or ready-made mixture. Such dyes are most popular due to their low price and the possibility of their use, both for indoor and outdoor use.

The main characteristics of water stain:

The colors of the water-based stain are very diverse. With their help, you can create a very interesting iridescent effect.
You can use water beytsy without fear for your health. Even at the highest temperatures, such products do not emit harmful fumes.
If you decide to experiment, and are wondering: “Which stain to choose so that it can be washed?” - then a water stain is what you need. Such a tinting agent can be easily washed off with water, so it is impossible to paint the floor with it.
Toning a wooden surface with such a tool makes its texture more noticeable. Unfortunately, because of this, the product becomes more sensitive to moisture, so it will need to be varnished.

It is highly undesirable to tint resinous tree species with such an impregnation, as ugly spots can appear on them. For such products, it is better to use alcohol impregnation.

How long does alcohol impregnation dry? Almost a few seconds! This property is both an advantage and a disadvantage. Thanks to it, you can coat the butt of a sporting rifle with alcohol stain, and use it in a few minutes, however large area you can only stain with an airbrush, otherwise the surface of the product will be covered with unpleasant stains and stains, even varnish will not help to correct the situation. Consists of alcohol impregnation of alcohol and dyes.

Treating wood with such an impregnation will make it more resistant to ultraviolet radiation and high humidity. However, due to the unpleasant smell of such a product, working with it is possible only in open space.

Benefits of oil-based stains and wax and acrylic stains

Oil-based stain has a wide range of colors and shades. It costs more than water beyts, but it also has more useful properties. Such a preparation can be used not only to change the color of the product, but also to emphasize its texture.

Treating wood with an oil-based stain is easy and convenient, it is applied thin layer and does not lift the fibers of the product. Also, such tinting does not fade under the influence of sunlight, gives the tree resistance to temperature extremes and protects it from moisture. You can remove stains of oil stain with the help of White Spirit solvent, it can also lighten the painted wood a little. It differs from compositions similar in properties in that varnish is not needed to fix it. The disadvantages of staining with oil include: long drying of the tint and its toxicity.

It is very important to find a stain from a responsible and conscientious manufacturer. Judging by the reviews, the most popular firms are Vartan, Latek, Novbytkhim and Herlak.

Acrylic and wax stains are very easy to apply, they lay down in a uniform layer and do not leave stains and streaks. However, due to the rapid drying of such stains, you need to work with them very quickly.

Wax stain is used to protect wood from moisture. It can process parquet. Such a stain is not resistant to mechanical damage, therefore, in order to extend its service life, it is better to use varnish.

Acrylic, it is also rustic, stain perfectly emphasizes the texture of the tree. With its help, you can get a variety of shades, which is why this drug is so popular. A tree stained with such stain will still need to be opened with several layers of varnish.

Wood stain colors

Wood stains differ not only in composition, they are different colors and shades. The most commonly used dark mixture, it gives the products a more noble look. With the help of such stains, ordinary larch and maple can turn into an oak board.

Modern stains can give the tree the most unusual shade. However, to this day, the range of natural woody colors is considered the most popular.

The most popular stain colors:

Pine;
Birch;
Bleached walnut;
Plum; the Red tree;
Olive;
rosewood;

There are many such examples. It is noteworthy that the names of the same shade in different firms may differ greatly. When choosing a stain color, first of all, pay attention not to the color palette that is printed on the package, but to the samples printed on birch boards.

It is also important to consider that the intensity of the color of the stain depends on the type of wood on which it is applied. It will be more difficult to give a dark shade to a product if the wood from which it is made is lighter than to darken an oak object. Non-aqueous stain will not be able to paint over well enough pine board, if it is not previously desalted, but water-based stains are generally unsuitable for resinous tree species.

White wood stain

To give furniture White color, it is not necessary to paint it. A brightening stain is also suitable for such work, which will not only make the product lighter, but also emphasize its structure.

Wood stain is designed not only to give the product a lighter shade, but also to protect it from the adverse conditions of the outside world. It is very important to consider, when considering different types of such a product, how and on what you will apply it. If there is a risk that moisture will spill onto the surface of the bleached object, then it is best to use wax, oil and acrylic preparations, but if your craft is in a dry and ventilated place, then a water stain will do.

With the help of white stain, you can achieve a very interesting effect and make an aged coating. It must first be painted with a white water-based stain, after it dries, the item must be treated with a stiff brush. A dark-colored wax or oil stain is rubbed into the formed pores on the wood.

When using a water stain, do not forget about the protective layer. The dyed product must be treated with wax or oil.

Light stains do not always have a pronounced color. There is a colorless stain, which is applied solely to protect the tree from adverse natural factors.

How to make a stain with your own hands

It is not necessary to buy a ready-made stain. By mixing dyes, such as coffee, a few drops of iodine or shavings of black bark, and some chemical elements, you can make it at home. Homemade stain is not only effective, it is also natural.

Boil a glass of larch bark in a glass of water. The resulting product can be coated with birch products, it will give them a beautiful reddish tint.
Grind dried walnut shells into powder and boil for ten minutes. The resulting broth must be mixed with soda. Cover light wood with a solution, and it will acquire brown shade. If you want to change the color of the product, you can treat it with vinegar or potassium bichromate. In the first case, the shade will be gray, and in the second, red.
Brewed tea or coffee can give the tree different shades. The intensity of the colors depends on the strength of the tea leaves.
With a solution of potassium permanganate, you will color the product in a cherry color.
A red tint can be achieved by soaking rusty nails in vinegar for several days. Black stain is obtained by adding a decoction of oak or walnut leaves to the vinegar solution.

Self-stains are made quite often. They are environmentally friendly and harmless. Unfortunately, they all tend to fade, so to preserve the color of the product, a layer of varnish must be applied over the stain.

Wood tinting with wood stain: step by step instructions

To make the product look neat and beautiful, you need to cover it with stain correctly. If the stain is applied poorly, it can fade after a few weeks, and if you do not follow the staining technology, you risk getting a surface covered with stains.

How to properly stain objects:

First of all, it is necessary to remove a layer from the surface of the product old paint. You can do this with sandpaper.
Next, the surface is degreased with alcohol, white spirit or gasoline. If the product is made from resinous tree species, then it is deresined.
The stain is heated and applied in a thin layer to the surface of the product. The top of the item is processed first. Layers are applied from above, one on top of the other, until the desired shade is achieved.

After the stain dries, the product must be covered with several layers of varnish. Before applying a new layer, the dried varnish is treated with fine-grained sandpaper.

Wood stain (video)

Wood stain is a great way to replace one wood color with another. Such funds are different types, they can have different compositions and colors. Use the stain correctly, and you will be rewarded with a beautiful product.

Stain (known as stain) is a composition with which wood can acquire completely different shades. Often used to change the appearance of a tree, and not just for the purpose of coloring it. applied to wooden furniture, stain gives it a well-groomed appearance. Which one to choose - classic, acrylic, alcohol?

What is impregnation for wood

Liquid impregnations for wood can be divided into three groups - a stain for alcohol, water and oil. They differ depending on the basis that is used for their manufacture. The latest developments have appeared on the construction market - acrylic and wax stains. Thanks to new varieties of tinting material, the wood is painted without stains and its fibers do not rise. What properties does each of the existing species have?

Wood stain on alcohol

Alcohol stain is also known as a dye solution in denatured alcohol. It is produced in two states - ready for use and powder. The disadvantages of impregnation include its rapid drying, which can lead to stains. It is almost impossible to spray the composition manually from a can; it is recommended to use a manual or pneumatic spray gun.

Water

Water-based stain is sold in the finished state or in the form of a powder that dissolves in water. It is popular among those who want to radically change the color of wood - from the lightest to dark red. The disadvantage of water impregnation is its ability to lift wood fibers. This allows you to highlight the structure of the tree, but makes it less resistant to moisture. To protect the surface, before using the stain, it must be wetted, wait a bit and sanded, only then covered.

oily

Thanks to the oil stain for wood, products acquire any color from a wide variety of existing shades. The desired color is obtained by mixing dyes that are soluble in oils. Composition of this type diluted with a solvent - white spirit. The material is unpretentious in work - it is evenly applied without lifting the wood fibers, and dries quickly.

Acrylic

Acrylic stain - the new kind tinting material. When the wood is opened, it completely penetrates inside, evenly stains the entire surface and forms a protective film on the surface of the wood, thereby protecting it from moisture. For example, if you pour water on the floor, it will scatter into droplets - this is an excellent sign of protection. The film on the flooring should also be secured - open with varnish, it is better to use water varnish for a tree. Acrylic stains well highlight the structure of the tree and paint it in any color.

How wood stain is processed

Before staining, the outer and inner surfaces of the wood must be carefully processed - sanded, cleaned and deresined. Further, everything is simple:

Depending on the texture, the stain is applied with a swab, brush, spray gun or roller.
Application must be carried out continuously over the entire surface, otherwise streaks will appear.
After one layer has dried, apply another.
For the topcoat, it is better to use a special varnish for wood - it gives a finished look to the tree and prevents moisture from penetrating under the coating

What is good impregnation for wood

Impregnation is in demand because it does not hide the very structure of the tree. The paint removes the pattern from it, the lacquer hides natural look, the stain emphasizes all the fibers, stripes and rings natural wood. Such impregnation has reliable protective properties, making the surface resistant to scratches and other destructive natural factors. Stained wood will last for decades

Colored and white wood stain

Having dealt with what stain is, it is worth finding out how wide its color range is. The range is wide - from white to black. If desired, by mixing different colors, you can paint the furniture even in green color. White stain is used as a bleach. After it dries, you can apply the desired color. The most popular, however, is the range of wood shades.

Do-it-yourself wood stain

Give a new look wooden floor or any wooden surface easily and with my own hands. To do this, it is not at all necessary to buy expensive materials or chemically harmful substances. You can change the shade of the product with the help of natural plant components. To do this, you need to make a cool decoction:

Onion peel will give a reddish tint to light wood.
A decoction of the larch bark will color the birch red.
The walnut shell gives the wood different shades. Grind the dry shell into powder, boil it in water. We filter the resulting solution through a strainer, add a little soda (food) to it. To obtain a red color, it is necessary, after drying, to impregnate the shell with a solution of potassium dichromate. To get a gray color, we impregnate the surface already treated with a solution with acetic acid diluted with water.
A strong decoction of alder and oak bark will give the tree an ebony effect.
Oak, walnut shell, willow bark and alder earrings in equal proportions will give the tree an almost natural look. Brown color. Pour the components cold water and bring to a boil, then add 0.5 tsp. baking soda and leave to boil for another 10 minutes.
The bark of an apple tree and a walnut shell will color the furniture brown. To obtain a more saturated shade, alum can be added to the solution.
Willow and alder bark is perfect for making homemade stain for black wood.
A decoction of unripe buckthorn fruits will give the wood a golden yellow color.

Video: water-based wood stain in furniture production

Wooden houses are in great demand, it is worth remembering that they require special care. To protect buildings from external factors, you should pay attention to wood stains. In the house, almost all wooden surfaces and furniture can be covered with this tool.

Peculiarities

Wood stain is a dark liquid that is applied to a wood surface to achieve a specific color, to tone a more even texture, or to emphasize the structure of a desired object. It is often used as a protective agent for plywood, fiberboard and chipboard from various negative factors, such as mold and rot.

There are many varieties of this tool. Each has its own properties that should be taken into account, because the final result depends on this. The features of the substance are different, for example, quick drying, toxicity, the ability to prime some irregularities. There are liquids that have an odor, while others are characterized by its complete absence.

And also do not forget that different types of stain should be applied in different ways. For example, a thinner mixture is best applied with a spray gun, while a very thick solution is best applied with a brush.

Most important condition to prepare the mixture for application to working materials - this is a clean surface of the building material. It should not have old paint or other coatings on it. It is desirable to get rid of debris and dust, otherwise this application will be meaningless. In order for the stain to fit well on the material, it is best to sand it, and in many cases also sand it, then the color will turn out to be more saturated, and it will not be necessary to apply the tinting a second time. Of course, to be sure of the effect, you should try how easy it is to apply and how well it fits on the surface. Wood stains are a budget option, which is another indisputable advantage.

It is not necessary to use the stain as a tint, it can be used as a protection against external factors: ultraviolet radiation, moisture and other vagaries of nature. If you need to give the wooden surface a different color, then after a certain preparation of the surface, you can use any paint. The choice is individual. It will perfectly lie on the surface treated with stain.

Diversity

Today, many modern manufacturers of wood stains offer a wide range of products. Among the proposed assortment, you can easily choose best option depending on the purpose of use. The following types of stains can be distinguished:

alkyd liquid is the most dense stain in structure, used both for outdoor and for interior decoration tree. It is also commonly called oil;
aquatic tinting is the easiest to apply. It is applied easily, absorbed almost instantly (approximate drying time - 12 hours), is completely non-toxic and does not have a pungent odor;
rustic stain is ideal for lovers of old-style parquet floors. It gives any floor a beautiful antique touch;
alcohol toning enjoys in great demand, characterized by fast drying;
powder options are subject to correct proportion preparation of stain for use, without deviating from the instructions in the instructions;
nitro models are solvent based.

Liquids are used both for external and for internal works.

Choosing a painting tool

When applying stain on a wooden surface, it is necessary to take into account not only its properties and qualities, but also the specifics of the materials, and even the quality of the brush.

To apply the liquid, you need to use brushes made of artificial fibers, as they are stronger, their fibers will not crumble when painting. A brush made of natural fibers will leave fine hairs on the surface, which will look very ugly. Natural brushes are unreliable as they will stick to the surface. It is necessary to paint with a brush along the fibers for better absorption into the surface.

Spray guns or spray guns are used for staining when the liquid is not suitable for brush application. Some liquids need to be applied evenly to avoid staining the wood.

The spray gun can be adjusted to suit your hand, so as not to catch a comfortable distance when painting, but it is convenient to use this equipment.

Color solutions

The stain is represented by many different shades, allowing you to give the wood finish quickly and easily required shade. The color scheme is varied. Exists wide choose palette of colors of water stain.

Color stain allows you to completely change the look wood flooring. It is made in the following colors:

pine - very close to the original shade, it makes the coating almost invisible;
marigold is a very beautiful dark color;
oak - a very commonly used dark brown shade;
mahogany - often used as a cover for tables and chairs, after application they look more noble;
ebony - after coating, it gives the tree a visually antique texture, flooring after using this shade, it is customary to also call the living floor, since every strip, every knot stands out;
light walnut - the treated surface resembles a freshly sawn tree, it is usually applied to protect the tree, since the color of the wood practically does not change;
cherry - there are two types: regular and dark;

bleached oak - gives a very interesting white color to the tree, lays down well without painting over the texture of the tree;
fern - this color received such an unusual name, because it has a similarity with the plant, after which it is named. It is presented in a pleasant green color, which is well suited for furniture in kindergartens;
blue - the cold texture becomes warmer when applied to the surface and looks great;
wenge is a noble, gloomy brown color that is similar to the color of oak;
mahogany - does not require re-application, fits tightly and tints the surface well;
lemon - yellow when applied again, it becomes more contrasting;
plum - a pleasant dark pink color, a very warm shade;

black - often used in the manufacture of ship models, as well as to give antiquity to the floor or furniture;
rowan is a pale beige, nondescript color that requires reapplication, and sometimes it is more like a pale pink;
maple is a delicate, beautiful peach shade;
mocha - the color of freshly brewed coffee;
larch - represented by a dark yellow or orange tint;
bog or gray oak - has a matte finish, after application it is better to varnish, used for painting modern furniture;
ash - practically leaves the original appearance, only gives a light pink tint;
hazelnut - looks like a nut shell, it is applied to the array for a deep effect.
blue - reminiscent of wolf berries.

How to cook with your own hands?

Another unexpected solution in the world of repair is a do-it-yourself stain. Usually it is used by lovers of experiments. If the required color of the stain is not on sale, then you can create such a tool on acrylic base certain color on your own. Like the alcohol liquid, the acrylic-based stain is easy to apply and mixes very easily. It is also suitable for both internal and external work, and is no different from a simple solution.

To make your own wood stain, you need to take a regular small jam jar. You also need iron shavings or small nails large enough to fit in the jar. You should send the iron to the jar and pour vinegar on top of it. Leave for 5-6 days. The vinegar will take on the color of a stain, but may become either darker or lighter. This will depend on how long the iron stays in the liquid. After the appearance of a shade, the iron must be pulled out of the can and you can try to apply the stain on the desired surface.

To prepare the stain, you can use a colorant - this is acrylic paint very thick composition, so its colors are pure without mixing. The preparation recipe is simple: to create a liquid, you need to dilute the paint and water in a ratio of 2: 1. This option is characterized by density, so it is used to create dark shades. When stirring, it is recommended to achieve a creamy liquid. When it turns out, you need to check whether such a concentration of the solution is suitable. If you want the effect of shop liquid, it should be diluted as watery as possible.

Trying to apply a hand-made stain on the surface should be done with a brush, like a regular alcohol one. There are many ways to make liquid with your own hands, but this one is one of the simplest and most reliable. When using it, you can get the desired shade without a doubt.

Tree under the influence of negative factors lose their natural beauty over time and worsen operational characteristics: burn out under the influence of UV; deformed from excess moisture; rot during the reproduction of pathogenic microflora.

To give saturated shade, preserve the structure, protect against destruction and prolong the service life, a special wood stain is used. Further about what are the compositions, how to prepare them and what are the features of processing wooden surfaces.

What is a stain for?

Stain, or stain, is a special deep penetration compound that allows preserve the natural structure wood and give it required shade. It can also be used for surface treatment of plywood, fiberboard, chipboard and MDF.

The main difference between stains and decorative enamels and paints is deep penetration of tinting components, which allow you to color the wood from the inside, while maintaining its texture and not forming protective film on the surface.

Staining a tree is necessary to achieve the following goals:

wood staining in specific color or imitation of expensive breeds;
from rotting and internal destruction with the negative effects of moisture, infection with mold and pathogenic microorganisms;
restoration and restoration of old and damaged wooden surfaces;
giving wood natural attraction;
increased strength and weather resistance;
increase operational life material;
decoration by combining different shades.

When choosing an impregnation, it is important to consider that not all compounds have the above characteristics.

Types and composition

Modern impregnating stains can classify according to their composition. There are the following types:

water;
oil;
alcohol;
acrylic;
wax.

Water based

Such impregnations are produced in powder form (soluble in water) and ready-made liquid formulations. This environmentally friendly and safe a product with an impressive range of shades.

Water stain does not have a pronounced odor, so it can be used to treat interior and exterior wooden surfaces. In addition, she has high elasticity and adhesion to wood.

Despite its safety and practicality, the composition has some disadvantages.

Chief among them is her not suitable for wood with a high resin content. This may result in dark spots.

The next drawback is that when stained, the wood fibers rise, which entails obligatory surface polishing. To eliminate this drawback, a non-aqueous wood stain is used.

Another disadvantage is decrease in moisture resistant characteristics wood with prolonged contact with moisture. They are quickly washed out with water, so they are not able to provide reliable protection material.

Oil based

The basis of oil stains is made up of coloring solutions in linseed oil or drying oil.

They are easy to apply with any available tool, they are distinguished by good resistance to fading, high humidity and temperature extremes.

In addition, they do not lift wood fibers and fill them excess moisture when staining.

Due to its high performance characteristics, this type of composition is suitable for processing structures inside and out, forming a moisture-resistant protective film.

Thickened stain is diluted with white spirit.

Alcohol based

Impregnations are special solutions consisting of aniline dyes and denatured alcohol (alcohol base). They are available in powder form and in the form of ready-made formulations.

Deep penetration of dyes into wood fibers leads to fast painting and drying of the surface.

For uniform staining of wood with alcohol stain it is recommended to use a spray gun. This will avoid the appearance of characteristic spots and stains.

Such compositions provide reliable protection of wood from negative atmospheric effects, therefore, they have been used for a long time. for surfaces that are used outdoors.

Important! The main disadvantage of alcohol stains is the presence of a sharp chemical odor.

Acrylic and wax based

Acrylic and wax impregnations practically devoid of the shortcomings that are characteristic of traditional species . The compositions allow you to paint surfaces in any shades and increase their water-repellent properties.

The composition of stains includes special acrylic resins and natural wax, creating thin film to protect against negative impact external factors.

Acrylic stains. They are ecological, fireproof and practical materials designed for various types of wood. They do not have a pronounced chemical smell, dry quickly, and have a wide color palette. For getting high score staining, it is better to apply the stain in two layers, the thickness of each of them should not exceed 3-4 mm.
Wax stains. They are intended for the treatment of painted wooden surfaces. Provide reliable protection against high moisture and temperature extremes. Ingredients are applied using soft tissue circular rubbing motions.

How much dries

Each type of stain has various terms drying out, which are indicated on the packaging or in the instructions for the selected composition.

water stains when applied to the surface dry from 12 to 20 hours;
alcohol formulations dry quickly, up to 5-7 minutes. At low temperatures or high humidity drying time can be 30 minutes;
oil impregnations after application dry from 1 to 2 days;
acrylic compounds dry within 60 minutes;
wax stains after application, dry for 12-14 hours.

Color spectrum

According to international classification each color has its own code and name.

For example, stain "pine", "walnut" or "fruit tree".

To choose a wood stain in a suitable color scheme, necessary test paint wood and take into account:

natural shade and type of wood processed. Staining with stain can lead to the appearance of new shades;
color scheme declared in the catalog. Colors under one code from various manufacturers can give shades of different depth and saturation on various types wood. The same composition on pine will look lighter than on red wood. This can be explained by the fact that such wood has a more saturated natural shade;
stain quality. Compounds in the same color from different manufacturers can give different effect staining. Therefore, you should not choose products of dubious quality;
stain density. The lower the density, the more the composition is absorbed into the wood. This results in a less saturated and deeper hue.

The following colors of water stains for wood are considered the most popular:

"oak" - a rich brown shade;
"the Red tree"- noble burgundy shade;
"pine" - the shade is close to the natural color of the wood;
"natural" - a natural light yellow shade;
"light walnut" - practically does not change the natural color of wood, is used as a protective composition;
"cherry" - light red and rich burgundy;
"mahogany" - brown color with light shades of red;
"wenge" - dark shades of brown;
"larch" - from dark yellow to orange.

How to DIY

Simple wood stain you can make your own at home:

from herbal ingredients;
from tea and coffee products;
from chemical components.

Based on vegetable raw materials

Decoction onion peel for a bright red color.
A decoction of the peel walnut for a rich brown color. To do this, the shell is crushed to a powder state and boiled for 12 minutes in water. In the finished strained broth 1 tsp is added. soda. To get a red tint, instead of soda, potassium bichromate is added, for gray color- vinegar essence.
Decoctions from the bark of oak, willow and alder give a rich black color.
Decoction from buckthorn berries will paint the wood in an attractive golden color.

From coffee, tea and vinegar essence

To get a rich brown tint, it is enough to combine natural ground coffee and soda.
For coloring light wood, you can use strong black tea.
To obtain a deep black tint, it is necessary in a container lay metal nails and pour them with acetic acid. Insist for 5-7 days in a dark place.

Based on chemical components

A brown tint is obtained after processing the wood with a solution slaked lime.
A deep cherry hue is achieved by applying to the surface potassium permanganate solution. This will require 60 g of potassium permanganate, which is diluted with a liter of heated water.
A rich yellow tint is obtained by treating the surface with a decoction of barberry roots, in which alum is added.
Grass color will be obtained by combining 60 g verdigris and vinegar essence. The mixture is boiled for 10 minutes.
Dark brown color is obtained by combining wolf berries with blue vitriol . Glauber's salt with these berries gives a red color, and soda - a blue tint.

With whitening effect

Bleaching stains are used as a base before painting wood, allowing you to get unusual color solutions . For example, the wood of an apple tree can acquire a noble milky shade, and a walnut can acquire a red or light pink color.

Whitening stains can be prepared as follows:

Composition based on oxalic acid. For this, 6 g of acid is diluted with 120 g of warm water. The finished stain is suitable for processing light or bleached wood. After application, the surface is thoroughly washed with this solution: 4 g of soda and 16 g of lime are diluted in 110 g of water.
Hydrogen peroxide solution. This will require a 30% peroxide solution, which is commercially available at any pharmacy. It is suitable for bleaching various types of wood. However, you should not use it for oak, rosewood and mahogany.

The stain container is shaken and slightly heated to a temperature of 36 degrees. This will provide more deep penetration composition into wood.
A roller or brush is wetted in a small amount of stain. When using an airbrush, the composition is poured into a special compartment.
The vertical surface is processed from the bottom up to avoid the formation of smudges and sagging.
The horizontal surface is painted like this: along the fibers - across - along. The impregnation is applied in thin even layers.
Excess composition is removed with a clean rag.
Surface treatment is carried out quickly and without long interruptions to prevent staining.
The desired color is obtained by painting the surface in several layers. However, each next protective layer applied after the previous one has dried.
At the end, the surface must be varnished and sanded with fine sandpaper.

Staining of wooden surfaces is The best way preserve the natural texture of the material and give it an attractive shade. Stains are suitable for processing wooden walls, ceilings and floors, decorative elements, window and door structures, garden furniture.

Similar product has a lot of advantages, but in order to get a good effect from staining, you need to choose the right suitable composition according to the type of surface to be treated.

Today, there is such a variety of impregnating agents for wood on sale that even a specialized specialist will not be able to unambiguously answer the question of what is their fundamental difference. If you read the instructions for preparations, then the conclusion suggests itself that most of them protect wood literally “from everything”. So why do you need wood stain? Is it only for its toning, as is commonly believed?

Toning wood while preserving its texture.
Reliable material protection when other means are ineffective or their use is not economically feasible. Argumentation - stains are characterized by a greater penetration depth, while they are cheaper than paints, varnishes and a number of other preparations used for wood processing (at least 2.5 times).
Imitation of another, more expensive breed.
Wood bleaching. This is often done either in the process of its restoration, or in preparation for painting (application of colored varnish).
Protection of the material from decay (antiseptic function) and destruction by wood-boring insects.
Combining shades, creating the effect of surface finishes with different woods.
Some stains strengthen its structure.
Giving (partial) moisture-repellent properties to lumber.
Any stain, regardless of composition, definitely increases the life of the tree.

But is everything so simple? Is it enough to buy any of the stains available for sale, and all the problems with reliable wood processing are solved? An exhaustive answer can be obtained if you familiarize yourself with all the varieties of liquids in this group. By the way, stains are often referred to differently - beytsy - and they are used not only for protection and preparation for further use natural wood, but also building materials based on it (plywood, MDF, fiberboard, OSV, chipboard).

Wood stain modifications

They are classified according to what they are based on. They go on sale in the form of ready-made liquids, gels or powders, but the properties of stains depend only on the components and their proportion.

Water beets

Such stains are distinguished by a wide variety of shades, so you can choose the composition for almost any type of wood and make it the required tinting in relation to the interior of a particular room.
"Environmental Safety". For those who care about the “purity” of the product, water stains are the best option. No harmful fumes, regardless of external factors. First of all, temperatures.
Given the basis, it is clear that it is not difficult to wash off such a stain with water. In some cases, this is relevant if, in the process of working with a tree, it is necessary to slightly change the resulting shade.

Water stains are means of deep penetration. This property also has a negative component. In the process of processing, the tree is additionally saturated with liquid. What does this mean? First, it becomes more susceptible to moisture absorption. Secondly, shrinkage lasts longer, and often initiates twisting of the machined workpiece. Therefore, the use of stains of this group requires both experience and accuracy.
The need for subsequent application of a protective layer on the tree. For example, varnish, which is most often practiced.

Alcohol stains

Impregnation dries quickly. Someone considers this a disadvantage, but the ease of use is obvious. Especially when working outdoors, when the weather is unstable and there is a chance of precipitation.
High-quality protection of a tree from an ultraviolet and dampness.

Sharp specific smell. When organizing work in the room, it is necessary to ensure its effective ventilation. Can this be done in the winter?
Rapid absorption into the structure of the material. This somewhat complicates the treatment of wood with alcohol stains, since due to the uneven application of the impregnation, there is a risk of stains on the general background. Experts advise using a spray gun, since it is almost impossible to achieve a uniform shade of wood manually (with a brush) without proper experience.

Oil stains

Pros:

Do not fill the tree with moisture.
Easily change the shade when adding dyes.
The stains of this group lie on the tree in a thin layer, evenly, so there are no difficulties in working with them.
Do not fade under the influence of ultraviolet light.
Application of additional protective coating(varnish, wax) on wood is not required.
Inert to changes in temperature and humidity of the environment.

Certain toxicity.
Long drying time (depending on application conditions).

Wax and nitro stain (acrylic)

Their characteristics are largely similar.

After drying of such stains, the thinnest protective film appears on the wood.
Uniformity of a shade on all processed area is guaranteed. The presence of spots, bald spots is excluded.
The structure of the tree stands out especially clearly.

The complexity of working with these stains. Mainly due to the rapid "setting" of the impregnation. Therefore, any further alterations are no longer possible.
One of the advantages of wood is lost - the ability to "breathe". The reason is in the resulting film. Not all users notice this, but nevertheless. How permeable it is is a big question.

Rustic stains

Pretty new drugs. Their main purpose is to emphasize the structure of the material, to achieve several shades in one area. The use of such compositions requires high professionalism, so the author does not focus on them. Only to inform the reader, since it is unlikely that it will be possible to independently process wood. If, of course, we mean a qualitative result.

What to consider when choosing wood stain

Knowing the features of various modifications of these solutions, it is easy to understand. Therefore, the author only summarizes all of the above:

The specifics of the application - inside or outside the building; temperature, humidity; weather.
The structure (breed) of a tree. The lower the density, the more deeply the stain penetrates. For example, the use of water-based formulations will significantly increase their consumption per m2. To what extent is it justified, expedient and so on? There is one more nuance. After processing, the color of the tree will be somewhat "lighter" than expected. This is due to the fact that a significant part of the stain will be absorbed, and along with the liquid and the dye.
Wood condition. Does the lumber have defects that need to be leveled, or vice versa, is it necessary to emphasize all its advantages? This should also be taken into account when choosing stain by shade.
Personal experience and opportunities. The first one is clear - not everyone will be able to qualitatively apply the required layer of stain, which quickly dries out (absorbs). It depends on practical skills. More difficult with opportunities. As a rule, most "home craftsmen" work with a brush. For applying wax stains, it is recommended to use tampons. Also, nothing special. But does everyone have not only an airbrush, but also a “source” of compressed air? Before choosing stains for alcohol, you should think carefully.
General interior. This mainly applies to internal finishing works. As a rule, no one is engaged in the surface design of the wooden parts of the structure or individual structural elements, otherwise one of the advantages of lumber is lost - naturalness. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the shade that the wood stain will give, and how much it will emphasize its structure (or change it).

If planned further processing wood with polyurethane paint or varnish, which contains acid, then wax stain cannot be used as an impregnation.
When choosing a tool, you must purchase it with some margin. Practice shows that it will not be possible to accurately determine its consumption per m². Even a specialist will not say exactly how much stain is needed, especially when it comes to processing a large area (lumber volume). And if you make a second purchase in the same store, and impregnations from the same manufacturer, then it is not a fact that the shade will be identical. From batch to batch of goods, it partially changes - these are the costs (features) of technology.
Effective wood protection is achieved if the stain is applied in at least 2 coats. One-time processing of the required result does not give, therefore, such savings are absolutely meaningless.

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