Plastic plumbing in the country. How is an autonomous water supply

Leaving for a dacha outside the city, few people are ready to completely abandon the benefits of civilization, especially if we are talking about plumbing. Agree, the importance of water supply to a summer cottage is difficult to overestimate.

Water is necessary for watering the garden and garden beds, as well as solving household problems. What to say about the use household appliances requiring connection to the water supply network. For the arrangement of water supply, you can attract specialists or manage on your own.

To make plumbing in the country with your own hands, you first need to decide on the source of water, pick up necessary equipment and materials, study the sequence of work. These are the questions we will help you solve.

For a better understanding of the water supply process, we illustrated the material with visual diagrams and photographs, supplemented the information with video clips.

The device of any water supply begins with the choice of a source of water supply. Although the choice is usually not great. It could be centralized system water supply, .

From where the water will come from, not only its quality depends, but also the methods of constructing the entire plumbing system, its technical complexity and cost.

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Option 1. Plumbing from a well

The simplest "grandfather" method is. Its depth depends on the occurrence of the aquifer - up to 10 - 20 meters, as a rule. Of course, you can use such water only if filters are installed. Well water is often contaminated with nitrates and heavy metals.

Summer water supply will be quite enough for basic household and agricultural needs on the scale of one summer cottage. But if you are used to comfort, use the dacha as a place to relax and want to use water in the same way as at home, within the city, then it is better to do it in the country.

Winter plumbing is a much more complex system. Everything must be taken into account - from the natural slope of the terrain to the depth of soil freezing. Be sure to have a pump to provide water pressure. In a word, a winter-type summer water supply system is no different from a water supply system for residential private houses.

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The device of a typical plumbing system

Plumbing on suburban area consists of several elements:

pump equipment;
pipes and fittings;
pressure switch and pressure gauge;
draining device.

In addition to the above, the system may include other elements, such as storage tank, filters or heaters. Some components can be combined in one complex, for example, a pumping station.

Raise water from a well - pump selection

Water is supplied from a well or well by means of a pump. The choice of a pump is one of the most important tasks when planning the water supply of a summer cottage.

The choice of pump depends on:

depth of a well or well;
volume of consumption;
productivity of the well itself (debit);
well diameter;
water pressure;
financial component.

Some of these parameters cannot be calculated exactly, an approximate estimate is made. For this, it is best to consult an experienced craftsman so as not to make mistakes.

There are two types of pumps:

submersible;
surface.

The surface version is used only for pumping water from the well. It can be placed on the surface or inside the well, but stay afloat. Max Depth for which a surface pump is suitable - 8 m.

If your well is deeper or it is a well, then this type of pump is not considered.

The pumping station combines several elements: a hydraulic accumulator, a pressure gauge, a pressure switch and the pump itself

Drain valve for system conservation

There are situations when the water supply system has to be preserved, for example, during a long departure or repair. In such cases, all water must be drained from the system. To do this, immediately after the pump, that is, at the lowest point of the system, a drain valve is installed.

If you turn off the pump and open the valve, the water will begin to move in the opposite direction through the pipeline due to the slope. Sometimes they do it differently and install a check valve and a bypass pipeline - a bypass. This scheme is used when using water from deep wells and wells.

How to organize sewerage for water disposal?

Since there is practically no central sewerage in summer cottages, you need to take care of individual solution for draining Wastewater and liquid household waste. The old fashioned way you can dig cesspool, but it does not comply with sanitary and household standards. Yes, and you will have to clean such a hole often.

The design of the septic tank is based on the principle of wastewater treatment in several stages. In order for the septic tank to work correctly, all chambers, except for the last one, must be completely sealed.

Modern solution -. The easiest and most common way is a septic tank of 2-3 concrete rings. Although there are more advanced technologies, such as the eurocube, for example.

The task of the septic tank is to separate the solid component of the effluent, and to drain the relatively clean liquid component back into the ground. Thanks to such a system, you can get by with one call of the sewer in several years.

Step by step installation guide

In order to independently build a water pipe in the country, you need to make preparatory work: make a plan, prepare tools and materials. Only after careful preparation can you start laying the pipeline, connecting and installing internal wiring.

Step 1. Drawing up an action plan

You need to start work by compiling detailed plan. If the scheme is planned to be complex, you cannot do without the help of a professional, because plumbing is a responsible matter.

If you decide to do it on your own, prepare all the information:

the depth of soil freezing in your area;
depth ground water;
relief slope;
a plan of existing communications indicating water intake points;
site plan with all buildings;
the number of points of consumption (water supply at home, baths, watering the garden, filling the pool, etc.).

Draw first detailed diagram on a scale. In addition to the usual site plan, draw a profile image of the pipeline and an isometric plan. So you can take into account the slope when laying the water supply in the country.

It is necessary to describe in detail all the connecting elements and fittings that will be used. So you not only do not forget to buy anything, but also do not make mistakes during installation (+)

The depth of freezing is one of the most important characteristics. It depends on how deep the pipes will have to be laid. Please note that the depth of pipe laying should be at least 20 cm greater than the freezing depth of the soil at the lowest point of the site. An autonomous source for organizing country water supply a well can serve, but most often a well is chosen. It does not need to be pumped regularly and you can simply raise the water with a bucket if the light is turned off.

If it is planned to pump out water for use as drinking water, pipes must be purchased in the appropriate category

For laying pipeline sections, making turns and branches, you need to buy fittings according to a pre-made plan of the external and internal route

There are several options for pumping water from a well: a vibration pump of the "Kid" type, a drain or a pumping station. If you use the station, it is not necessary to buy an automation unit

Step #2. Preparing the necessary tools

When the scheme is ready, the materials are calculated, you need to take care of necessary tools. Suppose that you already have a well or well, so you can skip the stage of their device.

Tools for installing winter plumbing in the country:

shovel;
wrench;
gas key;
welding machine for pipes - "iron" (when using polypropylene);
roulette;
pipe cutter;
hacksaw;

You can buy a ready-made plumbing kit, which includes all the basic tools for laying plumbing. But measuring tools you still have to buy separately and it’s better not to save on quality

If electric installation work you plan to do it yourself, then you need to expand the tool kit with a screwdriver, tester, wire cutters and other electrician tools.

Step #3 Water supply device

To properly organize the work, you need to know the correct order:

Complete excavation. Armed with a shovel, make trenches along the entire length of the water supply according to the plan.
Take care of pump power. It is necessary to dig a separate trench, lay an electrical cable and mount an outlet to connect the pump.
Install the pump. Depending on its type, it can be located outside or immersed in the well;
Connect equipment to the pump: pressure switch, pressure gauge and accumulator. Then securely attach the pipe leading to the points of consumption.
Install a drain valve for the possible conservation of the system.
Install the piping system along the bottom of the trench. Do not forget about pipe insulation at this stage.
Display external draw points.
Connect the system and check if it works. Particular attention is paid to pipe joints, as well as equipment connection points.
Backfill the trench. This stage is passed if the system is stable and there are no leaks.
Install internal plumbing. Plastic pipes do not rust, so they can be deepened into walls. Install all faucets, plumbing, filtration systems and water heaters.

Well water must be purified. This is best done with flow filters or reverse osmosis systems. The latter provide complete cleaning from all impurities molecular level, but the cost of their installation and maintenance is an order of magnitude higher.

Step #4 Choosing a device for heating water

To heat water in the country, you can use instantaneous water heaters (gas or electric) and accumulative type(boiler).

Geysers - very convenient, water is heated in unlimited quantities, quickly and efficiently. Yes, you can save on electricity. But, firstly, the gas pipeline in the country is a rare phenomenon, and to gas bottle it makes no sense to connect the column, and secondly, the installation of the column should be carried out only by a qualified gasman.

The volume of the boiler depends on the number of people who will use it. hot water. If you only wash your hands or dishes, a 50 l unit will be enough, but in order to take a shower, you need to install at least an 80 l tank

Electric heaters can be installed and dismantled at any time, this is their advantage. However, in terms of heating rate, they are inferior to gas flow columns.

An electric boiler is the best option for use in the country. Hot water is always available, it is inexpensive and any novice master can install it.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

In order to understand how to lay plumbing in the country, see these visual video tutorials. You will learn from them how to install water supply from a well, a water well, and also how to make a summer version of water supply in the country.

Video review of laying a water pipe with a surface pump from a well:

Are you trying to equip a country water supply on your own or do you have a successful experience in implementing water supply? Or maybe you do not agree with the material presented? We are waiting for your comments and questions. The contact form is located below.

The lack of running water in the country house causes many problems associated with the inability to take a shower, wash dishes or water the garden. Therefore, the plumbing system must necessarily be at their summer cottage. Do-it-yourself installation of a water supply system will allow you to save money on calling a specialist and will serve as an experience for further work in this industry. About how to make plumbing in the country, we will consider further.

Water supply scheme in the country: features of the work

The plumbing system is most often installed during the construction of the building. However, if the house has already been built, but there is no running water in it, then it is necessary to draw up a project for the location of all pipes supplying the dwelling with water.

At the design stage, calculations are also carried out on the amount of materials necessary for arranging the water supply system, and a water metering and boiler unit is also being equipped. For him, it is necessary to have a room of a small area up to three square meters. After installation technical devices and the node that introduces water into the dwelling, the level of convenience and control in the operation of the plumbing system increases.

The local water supply system includes the following equipment:

pipes (steel, plastic, metal-plastic, polypropylene) fittings and taps should also be selected for them;
water lifting mechanisms - submersible pumps or special stations;
equipment that regulates the pressure in the plumbing system, as well as expansion tanks;
electrical water supply control equipment and protective elements for it;
filtration devices that purify water before it is supplied to the house;
a storage boiler that provides the building with hot water.

Most often, the water supply system is equipped in the country according to the principle of winter water supply. This method of pipe installation implies their additional insulation, in order to prevent water freezing in winter time.

When laying a plastic water pipe in the country, you should initially find a source of water from which the entire system will function. Most often, a well or a well acts as such a source; it is also possible to conduct a water supply system from a capturing spring chamber.

Each of these sources has certain advantages and disadvantages. Drilling a well requires huge material investments, but the water from it comes cleaner than from a well. At the same time, when equipping a well, you will have to invest much less, however, the water quality will be lower.

Pumping equipment is used to supply water to the house. Among its main options, we note:

1. Submersible pumps - they are distinguished by silent operation, they pump water well at depth. Such pumps have a check valve and a hydraulic accumulator. When choosing this equipment, pay special attention to the materials from which the impellers are constructed. If the level of water pollution is high enough, then use a stainless steel wheel in this case.

2. If the level at which the water is below eight meters, then it is sufficient to install a surface pump. It is located indoors and pumps water from there, connecting to the well with a pipe.

3. Automated pumping stations- have a hydraulic part and Electrical engine. In order to pump water in the system, generators running on diesel or gasoline fuel are used. The hydroaccumulation tank also functions as a reservoir in which water accumulates. The cost of pumping stations is quite high compared to conventional pumps, in addition, some of the models are quite noisy. Their installation in a small suburban area is irrelevant.

Equipping the water supply in the country, pay special attention to the pipes. Reliable and durable materials will make the operation of the plumbing system hassle-free. Water supply in the country from polypropylene pipes is different high level reliability, resistance to temperature differences, easy to install and have excellent performance characteristics.

To connect the pipes together, you will need a soldering iron. Some of the pipes are assembled in advance and then installed in their intended place. Please note that for welding pipes, a margin of approximately 80 mm must be left. Some pipes are fixed in place with special holders.

The previously prepared project of the plumbing system will help determine the location of the pipes. Pipes should not interfere with moving around the rooms, it is better if they are hidden on a false ceiling or plasterboard wall.

In order to adjust the pressure in the system, you will need to install an expansion tank. For standard country house on one floor, a capacity of 70 liters of water is enough. Next, you should pay attention to the boiler unit. In this place, the boiler itself and the expansion tank are installed. Please note that expansion tanks are painted red, and plumbing tanks are blue.

Further work on the water supply in the country is associated with the installation of a filtration system. In order not only to purify, but also to secure water, it is recommended to install special filters when water leaves a well or well. The type and model of filters in most cases are determined individually and depend on the composition and degree of water pollution in a particular area.

For example, if the water contains a large amount of iron, then it is enough to install two filters to ensure its purification. The first is an ion-exchange type filter that allows you to get rid of dissolved iron, and the second is a carbon filter that provides mechanical water purification.

To determine the composition of water and its suitability for home use should be taken to a lab for specific analysis. If the results are unsatisfactory, certain filters should be added.

Features of the construction of a summer water supply in the country

If the dacha is a place of rest for its owners only in the summer season, then it is enough to carry out a summer water supply system, with which you can provide water to the site in the warm season. With this system, you can not only water the beds and the garden, but also swim in summer shower and wash the dishes.

To equip the summer water supply in the country, you will need a flexible hose and adapters. Hose connectors should be made of steel or plastic, as they are susceptible to high pressure from the system. It is preferable to choose steel versions of adapters with galvanized coating.

Pipes are laid in the country in two ways:

the location of the plumbing system directly on the ground - in this case, it is easily mounted and dismantled, but is under the constant influence of mechanical factors and solar radiation;
installation of pipes into the ground a few centimeters, while the taps are outside, such a system is more convenient and does not interfere with walking.

Before the onset of winter, the water from the pipes is completely drained, in order to avoid damage to the pipes during severe frosts. Among the advantages of a water pipe located in the ground, we note:

convenient location of pipes;
carrying out work on laying pipes only once;
hiding pipes from thieves;
in order to completely drain the water from the system, simply open the tap.

Permanent summer water supply has the following disadvantages:

an increase in material and physical costs, compared with an open water supply system;
the need to observe the slope, otherwise, it will not be possible to remove water from the pipes;
repair in this case is difficult.

Pipes on open version pipelines are above the ground or lie on it. Benefits this method arrangement of the plumbing system, we note:

speed of installation and dismantling;
ease of repair, since all pipes are amenable to visual inspection;
reducing the cost of digging a trench and installing sloped pipes.

At the same time, this pipeline has the following disadvantages:

pipes interfere with free movement around the site;
the need for constant dismantling and installation.

Initially, it should be determined with the type of water supply that will be equipped in the country. Next, you should create a project for a water supply system in the country with your own hands from pipes. Please note that during pipe laying, a slope should be observed in relation to the main water supply point.

In places for the withdrawal of water to the outside, pipes laid in the ground come out. The lowest point of such a water supply is equipped with a valve that drains water, if necessary.

It is better to choose pipes for water supply in the country from plastic or polypropylene. They are easily interconnected with flexible hoses. Also, it is possible to connect pipes using fittings or special soldering equipment. In addition, you will need the presence of tees, taps and coal elements.

The depth of the base for laying pipes is from 25 to 40 cm, to prevent their damage by mechanical means. The scheme of laying the water supply should be fixed in the project, so that if repairs are necessary, it is easy to remove the pipes.

If the system is collapsible, then it is enough to use the simplest rubber hoses. To connect them to each other, special jumpers or staples are used.

To provide the garden with summer watering, you will need:

polyethylene pipes;
compression couplings;
ball valve;
tee and corners;
fumniti.

One day is enough to assemble such a water pipe; the use of fittings greatly speeds up this process.

If water is supplied to the site from steel pipe, then to connect a conventional hose to it, you will need a special tee. It is mounted on a pipe and tightened with a bolt. Next, you should install a ball valve, with the help of which the process of controlling the on and off of water will be carried out.

If you plan to install a hidden water supply, then you need to dig trenches up to 20 cm deep on the lawn and 50 cm on the beds. Next, lay the pipes, connecting them with each other using fittings. Do not forget about observing the slope of the installation of pipes. In relation to the beds, the places for their irrigation are determined. The optimal number of pipeline outlets is from 5 to 10 pieces. An automatic water spray system is installed at the outlet of the hose.

Water supply in the country from the well: installation technology

If there is a well in the country, then it can be an excellent source for water supply. Among the advantages of building a well in the country, we note:

independence from electricity and other factors environment, permanent water supply;
water from a well has a lower iron content than running water, however, in any case, it is recommended to purify water using special filters;
in the process of using the well, it is recommended to equip it with a submersible pump, which ensures the delivery of water directly to the house;
the process of installing a water supply system from a well is much easier and cheaper than from a well.

Initially, a water supply scheme is constructed from a well. It clearly indicates the location of each pipe and pumping system, the number of filters and water consumption points. You should also determine in advance the installation location of the boiler and expansion tank. Proper drafting of a water supply project will help you quickly calculate and purchase the materials necessary for the work.

Since submersible pumps are quiet in operation, they are used for water supply in the country. The pump is installed in the well at a distance of 80 cm from its bottom. In order to ensure that all the water from the system is drained into the well, it must be laid at a slope to it.

In order to lay pipes, initially equip the trenches. Their depth depends on climatic conditions the region in which the work is being carried out. If the water supply will be used in winter, then the minimum trench depth will be 200 cm.

Installing a relay will provide the necessary level of pressure that is present in the plumbing system. If there is no water in the well, then the relay responsible for the dry run comes into action. Next, a hydraulic accumulator and tees are installed, which separate the water into drinking and technical. Another of the tees separates the water into cold and hot.

It is very difficult to build a water supply system in a country house from a well. The arrangement of the well itself and the equipment that supplies water from it are distinguished by special material costs. Therefore, it is better to entrust this process to specialists.

Many townspeople enjoy spending time in their summer cottages, not only in the summer months, but also on winter weekends. So that life in a country house does not differ in comfort from the city, it is necessary to equip your site with all possible communication systems. The most important thing for a summer residence is an uninterrupted supply of water. Indeed, without this liquid it is impossible to grow plants, and living itself cannot be considered comfortable. This article will discuss how to organize water supply in the country with your own hands.

Choice of water source

Before proceeding with the arrangement of the water supply system, it is worth deciding on the source of water. If the village has a central water supply, then the most the best option will connect to it. But such communications are not available in all dacha cooperatives. Therefore, it is worth considering other options, namely:

well;
open source;
special tank;
well.

Each of them has its positive and negative sides. The most traditional way of obtaining water in rural areas can be considered a well. In fact, this is a simple deep pit, the bottom of which reaches the aquifer. To get water from a well, it is enough to lower a bucket there or equip a pumping station (hose and pump).

But this method has its drawbacks. Firstly, if there is no well in the summer cottage, then it must be dug. Such work is quite laborious and costly. Secondly, the quality of water from the well is not always the right level. Of course, it is quite acceptable to use such a source for watering the garden, but it is not quite suitable for drinking (it is necessary to additionally use cleaning and filtration systems).

Another source of water can be an open reservoir. If your cottage is located on the banks of a river or lake, then simply lower the hose there and connect it to the pumping station. Such a source is great for watering, but it is not suitable for drinking and cooking. In addition, you must obtain permission to use water from a river or lake for irrigation.

You can place a tank on the site. It will collect water from drainage system or septic. Such a source is perfect for watering the garden and garden, but not for drinking. In addition, the collected water may not always be enough even for technical needs, so it is necessary to bring it in by cars.

Note! The most optimal and convenient way providing a summer cottage and a house with water is a well. It is this method that is most often found in country houses. The water from the well is quite clean, and if it is properly drilled, then there will be enough water for all needs.

Of course, this method is not without its drawbacks. The fact is that for the organization of water supply from a well, quite large costs are required. First, the help of geologists is required. It is necessary to accurately determine the location and depth of the aquifer. Of course, costs can be reduced if your neighbors have already set up such a system. You can just find out all the parameters from them. Secondly, you are unlikely to be able to drill the well yourself. Here you can not do without special equipment. In addition, the pipes themselves for the well can be quite expensive. But still, this method is considered the most reliable and popular.

Plumbing system for summer and winter

For many summer residents, names such as summer and winter plumbing are familiar. Everyone knows perfectly well that each season has its own needs for water. AT summer period the need for liquid increases significantly, because plants need it.

Summer water supply can be made stationary or collapsible, it all depends on the desire of the summer resident. In the first case, it is better to use metal-plastic or polypropylene pipes. With their help, a network of pipes is created in the country house, through which water enters the right places. Such communications can be buried in shallow trenches so that the pipes do not interfere with movement around the site.

Note! If there is no desire to lay a large number of pipes, then you can create a collapsible summer water supply. Ordinary hoses are perfect for these purposes, which are connected to water distribution points. In this case, when the cold season sets in, the hoses are simply removed to the garage or shed.

If you live in a summer cottage in winter (or visit your country house on weekends), then you need to equip winter water supply as well. But such a system would require a lot of effort. First, you need to carefully consider the location of the pipes. It is worth considering the installation of access points to the water supply both in the house itself and on the site. Secondly, it is important to choose the right material and all equipment. In addition, you need to think about ways to insulate communications, otherwise the pipes will simply freeze.

Preparatory stage

If you decide to equip your country house or the whole area stationary system water supply, the first thing to do is to think over the very layout of communications. First, the owner must decide on the source of water. As noted above, a well can be considered the best option.

After that, all the necessary equipment is thought out. If you use the water supply only for watering, then you only need a pump. If you will use the system for domestic needs, then it is necessary to provide a water filtration and purification system, as well as devices for automatically turning on and off the pumping station.

Next, a drawing of the location of all devices and pipe laying is drawn up. The location of the water supply points to the premises and on the site itself is being considered. Also, at the stage of drawing up the scheme, it is necessary to clearly define the materials used and work out a plan for the upcoming work.

If we talk about materials, then, as a rule, polypropylene or metal-plastic pipes are used for laying water pipes. Their cross section will depend on individual features plumbing. Here it is worth considering the pump power, water pressure, length of communications and other factors.

Particular attention should be paid to the choice of pump. The choice will depend on the source of water and your financial capabilities. For example, if you take water from a well, then you will need a submersible pump. For a well, you need to choose a deep unit. The best, but also the most expensive option, can be considered the purchase of a pumping station. Such a unit is already equipped with all necessary devices automation and water treatment.

Work on the arrangement of the water supply system in the country

When the scheme is drawn up and everything is prepared necessary materials and devices, you can begin to work on the creation of a water supply system. The first step is to mark the laying of pipes and equipment installation sites.

Then trenches are dug for laying communications. Here it is important to maintain the depth correctly, it should be below the freezing level of the soil (if you are going to use the water supply in winter period).

Do not forget about the place for laying the armored cable from which the pump will be powered. It can be laid in the same trench with pipes or make a separate line. If the water source is located near the house, then it is better to make an air line.

Note! Connection of pumping equipment must be carried out using a separate machine, the power of which meets the requirements of the equipment operating instructions.

Next is the installation and connection of the pump. Everything will depend on the chosen source of water. In each case, the installation of pumping equipment, and, accordingly, the procedure for connecting it, will be different.

After installing the pumping equipment, the water pipes are connected. Then the tightness and performance of the entire system is checked. After that, you can fill up the trenches.

About warming

If you are going to use the water supply system in the winter, then you should think about the insulation of communications and all equipment. Without such additional protection, the plumbing will not function.

In order to receive water during the winter period, the following rules must be observed during installation:

The depth of pipe laying should be below the freezing level of the soil. This indicator can be obtained from construction companies or get information in special reference books.
Conduct pipe insulation. For these purposes, you can use various materials. The main thing is that they easily endure the impact of aggressive environments and do not rot. Quite often, mineral or glass wool is used as a heater. Recently appeared new way protect pipes from freezing - this is a polystyrene shell. Such material tightly fits the pipes, is easy to install and does not rot. It is also possible to apply heating cable, but this method would require additional costs during operation.
In addition to pipes, it is imperative to insulate the equipment used, as well as the water source. If a wooden well is used as such, then additional thermal insulation is not needed. But concrete structures must be insulated without fail. As a rule, a pit is dug around the source of water to a depth below the freezing level of the soil. Then it is filled with thermal insulation material.

If the whole system is done correctly and the insulation is done, then the plumbing will work smoothly. But, nevertheless, during abnormal cold weather it is better to take advice from specialists. During this period, it is better to leave the tap open. A small trickle of water will create movement in the pipes, which will prevent the water from freezing.

In a situation where the summer cottage serves as a place of rest, it is impossible to do without organizing a reliable source of water supply. If it is planned to grow crops in the country, regular water supply should be taken care of first.

The well can feed the water supply in the country

Based on specific conditions, the source of water can be called:

well or well - require a submersible or other pump;
water supply network - you need to cut the pipe of the irrigation and water supply system of the house into the central water supply;
natural or artificial open water - requires a pump and filter according to the situation;
autonomous capacity as a drive for a working, but not in a constant mode, water supply.

The volume of the tank is sufficient, but an additional pump is required

Possible options for arranging water supply

As a source of water on the site, it is possible to use a central water supply system or a pump. In this case, an uninterrupted supply of fluid will be provided by a storage tank or a hydraulic accumulator. In a situation with a tank, a moisture reserve is stored equal to the volume of the container, which can be of any size. It is located at a height, due to which a slight pressure is created in the water supply.

The use of hydraulic accumulator is more convenient as it maintains stable high pressure in the plumbing. By adding a pressure switch and a suitable pump to the accumulator, you can get an automatic pumping station. Hydraulic accumulator - a container in the form of a cylinder, divided into two volumes by a rubber membrane. In one half there is air under a pressure of about 2 atmospheres, in the other part water is supplied. The hydraulic accumulator has a limited volume, and this is a serious drawback.

When the tap is opened, water leaves the accumulator, which reduces the pressure in the system, the value of which is controlled by the relay. When the lower threshold is reached, the pump automatically starts, which pumps water until the upper pressure level is reached.

Hydraulic accumulators are different sizes

Types of water pipes

The market offers a wide range of pipes, mounting elements and stop valves for independent organization of the water supply system on the site. Its construction is a responsible event, the success of which is determined by the optimality of the selected elements.

One of the important tasks is the selection of suitable water pipes. A worthy alternative to steel plumbing are plastic pipes. Plastic is not subject to corrosion, works well under low temperatures, retains its functions for a long time. There are several varieties plastic pipes, which makes it possible to choose suitable option based on the specific situation.

Pipes made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are distinguished by a low price. They are joined by cold welding. As a result of welding, the connection can withstand pressure up to 15 atmospheres, and the water supply system has been serving for more than 50 years. Temperature regime its operation - from -15 ºС to +45 ºС (maximum +65 ºС). Susceptibility to ultraviolet radiation medium, in the cold the pipeline becomes brittle.

PVC pipes suitable for plumbing

Advantages of PVC pipes:

ease of installation;
do not support combustion;
smooth surface;
resistance to oxidation;
possibility of bending.

Among negative qualities PVC plumbing shows a loss of strength due to scratches. Polyvinyl chloride pipes do not allow threaded connections. It is undesirable to use them for an open plumbing system. Plumbing should be placed in a trench or sewer.

Polypropylene pipes (PPR) are often used for plumbing in the country. Note that PPR pipes for cold water marked with a stripe of blue color, for hot - red. The elements of the water supply system are connected by means of special soldering irons that heat up the plastic at the ends of the pipes to be welded, which are quickly fastened together and solidify upon contact.

Polypropylene pipes in summer plumbing

Polypropylene pipes do not bend, and additional corners and fittings are used when collecting water pipes. As a result, the system is highly reliable, but in large numbers fittings, the cost of the entire plumbing is increasing.

LDPE pipes

Pipes made of low-pressure polyethylene (HDPE) are connected without glue and additional devices. Threaded HDPE plumbing fittings are easily twisted by hand. Other advantages of such products include:

operation in the mode up to -60 ºС is possible;
resistance to chemical attack, decay;
assembly by welding or using threaded fittings is possible;
service over 50 years;
use for summer and winter plumbing;
smooth inner surface, which eliminates pressure losses in the water supply and deposits on the walls;
when water freezes in pipes, they increase their size, and when thawed, they return to their original state without destruction.

An insignificant drawback of such pipes for country water supply is the impossibility of operation at a high temperature of the liquid. A more tangible inconvenience is that it is impossible to step on such a water supply system, unlike metal structures.

HDPE pipe as a line for drip irrigation

We have already noted that HDPE pipes can be welded or joined using threaded fittings. notice, that threaded connection withstands water pressure up to 4 atmospheres, which is more than enough in a summer cottage.

When selecting HDPE pipes, you should purchase options with blue stripes (for transferring cold water). The version with yellow lines cannot be used in the garden, as they are designed for gas environments and contain toxic additives.

Based on the working pressure, HDPE pipes are divided into several categories:

light - hold up to 2.5 atmospheres;
medium-light - up to 4 atmospheres;
medium - up to 8 atmospheres.

Street water supply at the site is assembled from light and medium-light pipes (denoted C and SL, respectively) with a diameter of 32 to 50 mm. You need to decide what density of pipes you need, it comes in three options: 63, 80, 100 (the numbers indicate the density). The greater the density, the greater the cost of products.

Sometimes, despite the higher price, a high-density option should be chosen for a summer residence: the walls of such pipes are thinner, which ultimately reduces the weight of the structure. This can be a decisive factor when water is extracted from a well or well. Light weight simplifies fixation of pipes.

Assembling the plumbing system

Before you start installing the plumbing in the country with your own hands, it is important to determine which side of the garden the wiring will go to and draw a diagram of the location of the plastic pipeline. It is necessary to provide for water supply to the country house, as well as to key areas of the site where regular watering is provided. A plan on a scale will allow you to determine the location of the water points, the length irrigation system and number of fittings.

Several points of water intake should be provided so as not to carry heavy hoses and ensure simultaneous watering in different places. It is necessary to provide a crane at the entrance to the house and in front of the main branch.

A drain cock is also required at the lowest point of the system. It will allow you to remove water from pipes in winter, to prevent it from freezing. If the plumbing is installed from HDPE, a drain valve is not required. It should be taken into account that the number of possible cycles of freezing and thawing water in the system is not infinite, and even a polyethylene pipe may eventually collapse.

The irrigation scheme will help calculate the amount of materials

The procedure for preparing for the collection of the plumbing system is as follows:

drawing up a layout of pipes;
calculation of the length of the system and the number of fittings;
decision on the operating mode: winter or summer;
preparation of ditches;
purchase of irrigation system components from the selected material.

The winter and summer mode of using the water supply system differ in the depth of laying polyethylene pipes. In the event that the cottage is visited all year round, it is advisable to choose an insulated water supply or lay a standard one, below the freezing zone. When installing watering pipes in the country, it is more profitable to use the summer type of water supply. In the presence of a greenhouse, you can not do without winter version styling. The insulated pipeline that goes to the greenhouse should be laid in deep ditches or pipe heating should be provided.

The issue of conducting water with our own hands to the house in the country is considered by us in a special article. Experts recommend using polypropylene for this purpose. welded pipes which are resistant to temperature fluctuations and depressurization. The place of their laying is chosen taking into account the location of the rooms and ease of installation. Filters are required. Expansion tank will be a good addition.

Diagram of a water supply system with drip irrigation

Filter type for garden house selected based on the composition of the water being taken. When there is a lot of iron in it, a system of two filters is used. One of them is ion-exchange, removing iron. The other is carbon, for proper mechanical cleaning. Before using water for domestic purposes, it is important to take a sample for analysis. If the results are unsatisfactory, they put an additional filter and be sure to boil the water before use.

Autonomous water supply at their summer cottage with their own hands

An irrigation system with an automatic pump cannot work without electricity. The supply of electricity to rural areas can be intermittent, so you should think about a reserve stock so as not to be left without water in the absence of electricity. A tank or other container can be installed in an attic or a special area and water can be pumped into it from a well or reservoir.

Rainwater can also be stored in the tank, but in this case, a filtration system should be provided. First, the water must undergo a rough cleaning, and then several stages of fine purification. A coarse filter and a non-return valve should also be installed at the inlet of the suction pipe coming from the pump. The filter will prevent failure of the sensitive dirty water equipment. The valve will insure against the reverse discharge of water after the pump is turned off.

An autonomous tank in the country contributes to high-quality watering of plants. In the warm season, its contents warm up quickly. Plants that are watered warm water, grow faster and give a rich harvest. If it is necessary to create drip irrigation, a single line should be assembled. Tees should be placed on the central pipe and drip irrigation tapes should be connected.

A well for water in the country is the main condition for the normal life of the site, housekeeping and the comfort of vacationers. We devoted this article to a story about how to establish water supply in a country house from a well with our own hands.

Water supply of the suburban area

System Composition

In order to establish high-quality water supply for a country house and a personal plot, it is necessary to solve a set of problems. First of all, you should consider the configuration of the system and determine what elements it will include.

We want to present a standard system for today, which consists of several main nodes. The following table lists these nodes with a description:

Knot	Compound	Purpose and requirements
Water source	Well, open spring or well	The source must provide the volume of water of satisfactory quality necessary for farming
Water lifting equipment	Submersible or surface pump, pumping station	The pump must be powerful enough to lift water from the depth and deliver it to the end user, while providing the necessary pressure and performance.
External pipeline	Water supply pipe to the house, water supply system for irrigation and technical needs	Must ensure the reliable passage of the calculated amount of water without leakage and pollution from the well to the house, as well as deliver water to the irrigation system
Storage capacity and automation	Pressure tank, pressure switch with switch and pump start switch	Security required pressure, protection of pumping equipment from frequent starts
Filtration system	Coarse filter, fine filter	Filtration of water to ensure the normal operation of equipment and plumbing, purification of water for drinking
Internal piping	Collector or serial piping from the gyroaccumulator to each point of water consumption, fittings and plumbing equipment	Distribution of water between points of consumption within the house
heating system	electric boiler, geyser, boiler	Heating water for hygiene needs, washing dishes and laundry, as well as for the needs of the heating system (optional)

Important!
When designing a water supply system, you must immediately take into account and calculate the drainage and treatment system.
Sewerage in summer cottages most often consists of discharge pipes and a septic tank system, sometimes they get by with a storage collector, which periodically cleans the sewer.

Previously, dacha cooperatives sometimes made an amelioration water supply system for plots, in which there was a pumping station and a surface pipeline that supplies water from a source to consumers. As a rule, a reservoir served as a source, and it was impossible to drink such water. In addition, the design assumed only summer use.

The water supply scheme we have considered at the dacha from the well assumes year-round uninterrupted water supply drinking quality not only for irrigation and household needs, but also to ensure the normal life of the whole house for the city. It will allow you to use the bathroom, bathroom, kitchen sink, washing machine and other amenities.

Source

The most important and significant node is the source of water supply.

There may be several options here:

Well . The most common and traditional source outside the city, it is distinguished by convenience, independence from the power supply and sufficient quality water, however, has a limited performance margin;
Spring. If you are a happy owner of a spring on or near the site, then you can power the supply system from it. Differs in water of high quality and degree of purification, as well as good performance and an almost inexhaustible supply;
Well on the sand. shallow well or abyssinian needle. It is similar in characteristics to a well, but less convenient and depends on the availability of electricity if there is no mechanical pump;
Artesian well. The highest quality source of water, the purity of which is unrivaled. Distinctive features- high price of works and equipment, good resource and high quality of raw materials, the need for permits and legal responsibility for the condition of the facility.

If you got a well from the previous owners of the site, you can use it. Find out from your neighbors what the quality of the water in their wells is, whether it is constantly available or disappears depending on the season and weather conditions, and after that feel free to proceed with the installation of the remaining nodes.

Important!
The well is convenient in that you can always get water with a simple bucket on a rope, regardless of pipeline or pumping equipment breakdowns, power outages and other circumstances.

A spring on the site is such a rare success that we will not consider this option. We consider that we were unlucky, and there is no spring nearby.

A sand well is the most acceptable type of well, as it does not require a too deep shaft and can be made by hand. As a rule, the bottomhole depth of such a well is from 10 to 35 meters, sometimes it is necessary to go down to 50 meters.

Advice!
If the groundwater level in your area is high, then you can make an Abyssinian source - a pipe with a needle and which is driven into the ground to the water level.

Artesian well worth big money. In addition, you will need to formalize it, having previously obtained permission from Rospotrebnadzor and the territorial Center for State Monitoring of the Subsoil Condition, since artesian water belongs to strategic reserves and is protected by the state.

For the same reason, you will be responsible for misuse wells and aquifer pollution.

Attention!
If your site is less than 60x60 m, then you can only get permission as an exception, and if it is less than 30x30 meters, then you will not see an artesian well.

Pump equipment

You will need a pump to lift water from the depth and supply it to the storage tank.

There are two types of well pumps:

Submersible or deep. They are located at a depth under the water column and are able to provide its rise to a height of up to 150 meters, depending on the power;
Surface. They are located on the surface and are able to raise water by a maximum of 8 meters, with an external ejector - up to 45 meters.

Deep units are considered more reliable and of high quality, however, they are more expensive. In addition, they are absolutely silent for the residents of the house, as they are located under water. The disadvantage is difficult maintenance and repair, the need for power supply to the well.

Surface pumps are relevant for shallow wells and wells located near the house. Now the most popular pumping stations are equipped with a hydraulic accumulator and automatic start / shutdown of the pump, depending on the pressure in the system. They are characterized by lower performance and noise problem, especially when installed inside the house.

System installation

It will take a lot of time and effort to independently establish water supply to the dacha from the well.

Our instructions will help you not to make mistakes and build the work correctly:

First, you need to carry out earthworks and dig a trench at least 1.5 meters deep from the house to the water source. An insulated caisson should be equipped around the head of the well so that water does not rise above the freezing level;

Then you should install the pump and adjust its operation, make a test run and pump the well;

After installation deep pump the vertical pipe is brought out into the caisson, if the pump is surface, its outlet pipe is simply left untouched. In a trench on a sand cushion, a water supply pipe is laid, which is connected to a vertical pipe or pump outlet through an elbow or fitting;

In the basement of the house, a hydraulic accumulator is installed for 60 - 200 liters, which is connected to a water supply pipe. A starter is also assembled nearby, which feeds the pump with electricity, the starter is powered through a pressure switch that controls the pressure in the accumulator tank using a pressure gauge. The hydraulic accumulator is connected to the collector internal system water supply;

From the collector, pipes are routed to a water-heating boiler, bath, kitchen sink, toilet bowl, washstands and make a conclusion for watering. From the boiler, pipes for supplying hot water to the bath, sink and washstand are carried out;

They start the pump and fill it, check the operation of the automatic start-up and shutdown system, the integrity and tightness of the pipes, the operation of the plumbing and the performance of the system. With all open taps, there should be normal pressure;