The Abyssinian pipe well is the best option source of water intake for the dacha/garden. This option is unsuitable for an autonomous cottage water supply system, since it does not provide the daily needs of family members. Before hammering a tube for a well on a site, it is necessary to study the design, find a water layer. Important limitations for the Abyssinian well are:

• water production by hand (column) or surface pump - the maximum diameter of the casing string is limited to 32 mm, the depth is 12 m (in practice, surface pumps can only extract liquid from 8 m);
• the use of upper aquifers - "perch" or a sandy layer, it is impossible to hammer a pipe to the level of an artesian horizon;
• a small operational resource - due to the low maintainability of the structure, after clogging / silting of the filter holes, it is impossible to clean it.

Figure 1. The Abyssinian pipe well is budget option for drilling a well in the country.

For the needs of gardeners / summer residents, clogging a well is a reasonable solution that provides a minimum plumbing budget. You will not have to pay for water, since the subsoil is not used, the regulatory authorities will in any case allow the use of the source for domestic needs (Fig. 1).

Advantages of the Abyssinian driven well-needle

Before hammering an Abyssinian-type well, it is necessary to find water on the site, place the well in accordance with the norms of SNiP, SanPiN, ensuring the maximum resource of the source. The main requirements are the distances from the well to significant objects:

1. 50-25 m to the septic tank. In case of sewage leaks, this distance will provide natural post-treatment with soil, while the depth of the well should be greater than the distance from the surface to the lower wall of the treatment plant chamber.
2. 4 m from the house, outbuildings, small architectural forms. The proximity of an aquifer, from which liquid is periodically pumped out, reduces the strength of the soil on which the foundations rest.

To reduce the construction budget, more often used folk methods groundwater definitions. The vegetation within the site is examined, some plants show a water carrier with 70% accuracy. The branches of the vine begin to spin, shift in the hands of the researcher in the place where the underground sand lens is present.

The best option is to order a vertical electrical sounding service. This technology operates with ground instruments, special software, and does not require the production of control wells. Based on the results, an electrogeological section is compiled, not only the presence of the source is determined, but also the content of salts in it.

The advantages of the Abyssinian well are:

Figure 2. The Abyssinian well does not take up much space, so other sources can be laid nearby to save space.

1. Cheapness. The source of water intake is cheaper than any other method of extracting water.
2. Simplicity. The design does not have complex corners, aggregates.
3. Hygiene. The water mirror is protected from clogging, surface water, the mouth is easily sealed.
4. High speed of work. Wells 8 m are clogged in a day.
5. Energy independence of technology. The pipe is immersed in the ground with the simplest device.
6. Variability in the placement of pumping equipment. The pump can be mounted on a pipe, removed from the well at a reasonable distance, for example, in the basement of a house.

For convenience, the working pipes are built up after some penetration into the well, which allows you to add them as needed. Lack of access roads, electricity, difficult terrain are not obstacles for this technology. After the resource is exhausted, the pipes can be cut below the fertile layer, muffled without taking them to the surface, and another source can be mounted next to the first one (Fig. 2).

There is a method of deepening a pipe into a well being made without using a sledgehammer, a pile driver, or damaging the thread in its upper part. The technology looks like this:

Figure 3—Abyssinian well manufacturing technology.

• a drill is used to make a guide well with a depth of 0.7 - 0.5 m;
• before hammering the pipe, it is set vertically;
• in the lower third, two massive metal clamps are attached;
• a headstock is put on the pipe (a massive blank with a central hole, lugs on opposite sides);
• in the upper part, a simple chain hoist (two blocks for cables) is fixed with bolted clamps.

To make a well, two workers are enough, who need to periodically lift the headstock by the cable, release it at the top point. The headstock strikes the lower clamp, the force is transferred to the pipes, which gradually sink into the soil. As they go deeper, the clamps rise higher, new pipes are twisted (Fig. 3)

Figure 4. Construction of the spearhead.

The technology is suitable only for loose, plastic soils, it is impossible to hammer a spear-shaped tip into a large boulder, rock in this way. Unlike the drilling method, the casing string is also a working tool, so the design consists of several connected units:

1. A spear is a pointed tip.
2. The filter is a piece of perforated pipe in metal mesh welded to the tip.
3. A check valve is, in practice, an ordinary metal ball mounted on a diaphragm inside a pipe.
4. Casing column. It is built up with separate pipes with threaded connections.

To ensure a normal well flow rate, the filter is buried 1-0.7 m below the static level of the water intake source.

Spear-shaped tip has a minimum area, slides off small stones or destroy them. This option is preferable to conventional flattening or cutting the pipe at a sharp angle. In addition, the casing is not clogged with soil, it remains clean throughout (Fig. 4)

Operation of the Abyssinian well

The resource of the water intake source is 15-30 years when reaching the sandy lens, 5-10 years - when taking liquid from the "perch water". Therefore, for long-term operation, it will be necessary to clog the pipes several times.

In addition, the upper aquifer is too capricious, the level drops in abnormally hot years, several users from the same aquifer drain the source faster than when used by one family. Effluent from industrial enterprises, a liquid used by oilmen to maintain reservoir pressure, can get into it.

Therefore, before using water for food, it is necessary laboratory analysis. He will help you choose necessary equipment for the water treatment system. Having made a sand well with your own hands, it is recommended to use pump equipment regularly. With periodic, seasonal operation, the flow rate decreases annually, the filter at the bottom of the well becomes silted.

The Abyssinian well has a small diameter, so submersible pumps are not included in it. Head of surface modifications pumping stations limited to 8-12 m. Therefore, it makes no sense to drive a needle to a great depth.

The design is easily integrated into landscape design site, in 90% of cases for the Abyssinian well, the wellhead water supply scheme is used. Inserting a pipeline at a mark below the freezing level with the manufacture of an underground pipeline for entering the house in this case is not economically viable. The caisson for the Abyssinian well is not used for the same reason.

Any homestead, whether country cottage or a private house, must be provided with water. Without life-giving moisture, they cannot grow, pleasing the eye with lush flowering, and no fruits can fully bear fruit. cultivated plants. Do-it-yourself water well, despite the seeming grandiosity of the process, is quite real opportunity water extraction, which can be carried out independently without the use of heavy drilling equipment. There are several drilling methods that are quite simple to perform and do not involve the use of expensive equipment and significant effort.

Water can be extracted by using different technologies. The main types of water wells used for the extraction of life-giving moisture:

• Arrangement of a well, which, in the presence of a good spring, quickly fills up and, being an excellent reservoir of water, can hold up to 2 cubic meters of water;
• Filter well for sand, which is a pipe d = 100 mm, immersed with an auger to a depth of 20-30 meters. At the buried end of the pipe, a stainless steel mesh is fixed, which acts as a filter, being immersed in coarse sand. The depth of the well is 10-50 meters, the service life is 5-15 years.
• A non-filtered artesian well used to extract water from porous limestone formations. The depth of the well is 20-100 meters, the service life is about 50 years.

The exact depth of a water well cannot be determined in advance. Tentatively, this will be the depth, as with a similar well drilled in neighboring areas, or a well located nearby. Since deviations are possible due to the uneven occurrence of soil layers, casing pipes should be purchased based on the parameters of the water supply sources already equipped on the site, but subject to a slight adjustment.

The design of the well for water is a kind of narrow well

The service life of wells directly depends on the intensity of use: the more often a structure is used, the longer it will last.

Drilling a well by hand

To perform the work, the drill itself, the drilling derrick, the winch, rods and casing pipes are required. The drilling tower is necessary when digging a deep well, with the help of this design, the drill with rods is immersed and lifted.

The easiest way to drill a water well is rotary, which is done by rotating the drill

When drilling shallow wells, the drill string can be removed manually, without the use of a derrick at all. Drill rods can be made of pipes, products are connected with dowels or threads. The lowermost rod is additionally equipped with a drill.

The cutting attachments are made from 3 mm sheet steel. When sharpening the edges of the nozzles, it should be noted that when the drill mechanism is rotated, they must cut into the soil clockwise.

The drilling technology, familiar to most owners of household plots, is also applicable for arranging a well under water

The tower is installed above the drilling site, its height must exceed the height of the drill rod in order to facilitate the removal of the rod when lifting. Then, a guide recess for the drill is dug on two bayonets of the shovel. The first turns of rotation of the drill can be performed by one person, but as the pipe sinks, additional help will be required. If the drill does not come out the first time, turn it counterclockwise and try again.

As the drill goes deeper, the rotation of the pipe becomes more difficult. Softening the soil with water will help facilitate the work. In the course of moving the drill down every half meter, the drilling structure should be brought to the surface and freed from the soil. The drilling cycle is repeated again. At the stage when the tool handle is level with the ground, the structure is built up with an additional knee.

Since it takes a significant part of the time to lift and clean the drill, you should make the most of the design, capturing and extracting the maximum possible portion of the soil layer to the surface.

When working on loose soils, casing pipes should be additionally installed in the well, which prevent soil from shedding from the walls of the hole and blocking the well

Drilling continues until it enters the aquifer, which is easily determined by the state of the excavated land. Passing the aquifer, the drill plunges even deeper until it reaches the next aquifer - the water-resistant layer. Immersion to the level of the water-resistant layer will ensure the maximum inflow of water into the well. It is important to note that manual drilling is applicable only for diving to the first aquifer, the depth of which does not exceed 10-20 meters.

For pumping dirty water you can use a hand pump or pump submersible type. After two or three buckets of dirty water, the aquifer is washed out and usually appears pure water. If this does not happen, the well should be deepened by another 1-2 meters.

You can also use a manual drilling method based on the use of conventional drill and hydropumps:

Learn more about hand drilling.

Rope percussion technology

The essence of this method, how to make a water well with your own hands, is that the rock is broken using a driving glass - a heavy tool falling from the height of an equipped tower.

To perform the work, a home-made drilling rig is required, as well as tools for using the shock-rope method and extracting soil from the well.

The well tower, which looks like an ordinary tripod, can be made of both steel pipes and ordinary wooden logs. The dimensions of the structure must be proportional to the dimensions of the downhole tool.

The optimal ratio is the height of the tower, which exceeds the length of the bottomhole glass by one and a half meters

The process consists in alternately lowering the driving glass, which breaks and captures the rock, and lifting to the surface with the trapped drilling tool blade.

To equip the drilling rig, you can use a steel pipe, the end of which is equipped with cutting device. Cutting edge reminiscent of appearance half a turn of the auger, will be in direct contact with the bottom. Half a meter from the edge steel pipe a hole must be made through which the mined soil can be removed by emptying the drill glass. A cable is attached to the top of the glass, with the help of which the glass will be lowered and its contents will be retrieved to the surface. The glass should be freed from the ground as the structure is deepened for every half meter.

Here is a video example of exploration drilling in this way:

The nuances of installing casing pipes

A do-it-yourself dug well under water requires additional casing, which can be made both from a single asbestos-cement pipe, and from individual cuts of asbestos pipes. When working with cuts Special attention is given equal pipe diameter in order to ensure subsequent unhindered immersion of the entire structure. Each pipe link is kept from slipping and secured with staples, which are then hidden under stainless steel strips.

A do-it-yourself water well can also be “cased” with steel or plastic pipes

"Casting" of the pipe is necessary:

• to prevent shedding of the walls during drilling;
• to prevent clogging of the well during operation;
• to cover the upper aquifers with bad water.

A pipe is lowered to the bottom of the well with a filter made of a fine mesh that does not allow grains of sand to pass through and provides water filtration. The pipe lowered to the required depth is fixed with a clamp. This will prevent spontaneous subsidence.

With a competent arrangement of a well for water, the above-ground part of the structure is covered with a caisson - a head that protects the source from pollution.

The head is a tank with a closing hatch with a hole diameter that allows you to freely access the water well

Over time, the effect of a slight "squeezing" of the pipe out of the soil can be observed. The natural process of spontaneous lifting of the pipe to the soil surface does not require side events by depth.

Video example of well construction

Professional drilling of wells is a very expensive pleasure. Depending on the method of penetration, the cost of services specialized companies fluctuates between 15-50. e. for each meter of depth. Note that the task is really not an easy one, and therefore most owners of dachas and estates turn to specialists for its solution. Hence the goal this material- consider options for how you can drill a well on the site with your own hands without the use of expensive equipment. We will describe available ways, so that you can assess the complexity and scope of work, and then start moving along the chosen path.

How deep is drinking water

This is the main question that the homeowner raises when organizing the water supply of the home. Only geological exploration can give an exact answer to it. suburban area held in last years. To be convinced of this, it is worth studying the layout of aquifers in the thickness of the earth.

As you can see, the water is located on different horizons, between which impermeable rocks lie - dense loam, limestone and clay. To determine the appropriate layer, we propose to slightly decipher the presented scheme:

1. Closest to the surface are waters that enter the ground due to precipitation - the so-called perched water. In some places, it starts from a depth of 0.4-0.8 m and continues up to 20 m. As a rule, this is dirty and poorly filtered water containing harmful impurities.
2. At depths of up to 30 m, there are cleaner groundwater, whose stock is also fed by precipitation. Most home wells break out to this horizon (its upper limit can be at a distance of 5-8 m from the surface). This water must be filtered before drinking.
3. Underground water accumulations located in the sandy layer have undergone good natural filtration and are suitable for drinking water supply. If you want to make a well with your own hands, then you will need to reach this horizon.
4. The purest water is located in limestone voids at a depth of 80-100 m, which is unattainable using artisanal drilling methods. Since artesian water is under pressure, after punching a well, the flow independently rises to ground level, or even splashes out.

Note. The boundaries of the occurrence of perched water and groundwater are indicated very conditionally, their depth may vary depending on the terrain and other factors.

Location of the source of autonomous water supply

When we figured out between which layers a suitable horizon is located, we need to determine the place for the future source of water supply. We will not talk about dubious options like dowsing with a frame or a vine slingshot, but will give a number of simple tips:

• learn all about neighboring wells and wells: their depth, water quality and location;
• retreat as far as possible from the sources of pollution - septic tanks, outdoor toilets and barnyard;
• note: wells are not drilled on a hill, for this it is better to choose a lowland.

In any case, you need to be patient. It is likely that the first time to get drinking water will fail and will require several attempts.

About drilling technologies

Before we talk about the methods of drilling, we list the types of wells:

• to the water;
• on the sand;
• on limestone (artesian).

A shallow well for water is made in order to reach the upper horizons and organize the supply using a pump. This also includes the Abyssinian well from a pipe of small diameter. Accordingly, drilling into sand and into limestone means deepening to the lower layers, as shown in the diagram above.

This is what auger drilling looks like

There are several technologies for punching narrow vertical channels in the earth:

1. With the help of a drill made in the form of an auger. To reach the desired depth, the drill builds up with new sections as it dives.
2. Core drilling. In this case, the main tool is a hollow pipe with a sharp end, where carbide teeth are welded. In the process of deepening, the glass is filled with rock, which is periodically cleaned out.
3. Hydraulic method (direct or reverse flushing). The bottom line is that the drill is lowered into the channel along with the casing, and the soil from working area constantly washed out by the pressure of the water supplied by the drainage pump.
4. The shock-rope method involves driving the same glass and periodically excavating the soil to the surface. Here the impact force is used free fall tool placed inside the casing. Typically, the operator manually raises the glass, tied to the coil with a cable, and then releases it into free flight to the bottom of the well.

Reference. For the passage of loose layers or intermediate water carriers, when the auger or glass enters the slurry, a special device is used - a bailer or a drill-spoon. This is a piece of pipe check valve in the form of a petal or a ball, filled with liquid rock with each dive. Then the bailer is lifted and cleaned.

The design of a homemade bailer

In addition to the above methods, water well drilling is carried out using the Abyssinian well technology. In short, a pipe with a diameter of 32 mm with a cone at the end is immersed to the level of groundwater, which is subsequently pumped out of the well by a surface pump.

In order to drill at the well site with your own hands and not use specialized equipment, only 2 technologies can be implemented: shock-rope and Abyssinian well. We will tell about them further.

How to punch punch

This is the most inexpensive technology, but rather laborious. For work you will need the following devices:

• a tripod made of rolled metal with a hook and a block on top;
• winch with a cable, equipped with a handle;
• driving tool - a glass and a bailer;
• welding machine;
• manual drill.

Ground punching cup

Advice. In the presence of welding inverter and the skills to work with it, you can weld these simple devices in your garage. But the manufacture homemade devices justified when you need to break through not one well, but 10 or 20. It's easier to rent a tripod with a coil.

Before drilling the soil to the required depth, prepare casing pipes. Their diameter should be such that the working tool passes freely inside, but with a minimum clearance, and the length should correspond to the height of the tripod. One condition: impact technology is not applicable on rocks or in soils with stone inclusions. To penetrate such horizons, you will need a carbide-tipped drill.

Independent drilling of a well for water is carried out in the following order:

1. From the first section of the casing, make a filter by drilling Ø8-10 mm holes in a checkerboard pattern with a step of 7-8 cm on a pipe section 1 meter long. From above, close the holes with a stainless steel mesh fixed with rivets.
2. Make a leader hole with a hand drill to a depth of 0.5-1 m. Here it is important to correctly set the tool at an angle of 90 ° to the surface so that the channel is strictly vertical.
3. Insert the first section of casing into the hole, correct the vertical and insert the impact tool inside.
4. Leaving a helper to maintain the casing, raise and lower the glass using the spool. When filling, take it out and clean out the rock. As the soil is removed, the pipe will take its place and gradually sink into the ground. To speed up the process, attach a couple of heavy weights to it.
5. When the edge of the first section drops to the ground, weld the second section to it, strictly controlling the vertical level. Continue in the same way until you reach the water layer.

Welding the next section in level

An important point. Passing the top water, you will surely come across the slurry that falls out of the iron glass. A mixture of clay and water must be selected from the well using the bailer method, installing it instead of a conventional tool.

When the end of the pipe drops 40-50 cm below the groundwater level, stop punching the channel and proceed to “rocking” the source. To do this, lower the pipe connected to the surface pump to the bottom of the HDPE and pour 2-3 buckets of water into the shaft. Then turn on the unit and let it run for 2 hours, controlling the cleanliness and water pressure. The last step is to equip the well and connect it to the water supply at home, as described in. For more details on the drilling process, see the video:

Abyssinian well

Unlike traditional underground channels, the Abyssinian well has a small diameter (no more than 50 mm) and water is pumped out of it by a surface pump, not a submersible one. There is an opinion that due to the rarefaction created, such a well does not silt, and over time, its debit only grows due to the forced washing out of soil capillaries. In fact, such assertions have no serious grounds.

Before making an Abyssinian well, prepare right amount casing pipes with a length of 2-2.5 m. Since penetration below 15 m is not expected, it is enough to have 6-7 ready-made segments Ø50 mm on hand, plus the first section with a steel cone at the end - a needle. She will play the role of a drilling tool.

Finished Needle with Mesh

The technology looks like this:

1. Make the first section of the casing - the so-called needle. Weld a metal cone to its end, and make holes on the sides and place the mesh, as described in the previous section.
2. Dig a small leader hole, insert a needle into it and start driving, keeping to the vertical. To do this, you can use the same tripod with a suspended weight or another device.
3. As you sink, weld in new sections and continue to drive in the casing. When approaching the estimated depth, check the appearance of water with a weight on a string.
4. After passing the aquifer, lower the polymer pipeline connected to the hand column into the well. Fill it with water and pump the source for 30-60 minutes until clear water comes out. Then proceed to the installation of an autonomous water supply.

Abyssinian well device

Advice. When you start ordering the manufacture of a steel cone, keep in mind that its "skirt" should be 3-5 mm wider than the casing pipe, so that when driving, the mesh does not peel off the walls of the shaft. To facilitate labor, make the end of the needle as sharp as possible.

The Abyssinian well has one significant drawback: before drilling it, you need to know exactly what is in this place there is groundwater. Otherwise, you run the risk of burying all the pipes in the ground, since it is not always possible to extract them back. The advantages of the source are simplicity in execution and minimum flow materials. If you wish, you can punch such a well right in the house, as a team of workers demonstrates in the video:

Conclusion

The impact drilling method is really suitable in a situation where you need to make a well in the country on your own. Yes, and the Abyssinian well is arranged according to the same technology. To use other methods - auger, core and hydraulic - you need special equipment - a drilling rig, a drainage pump, and so on. But it is impossible to completely abandon these options, despite the high prices, because the composition of the soil and the depth of the water carriers can be different. You can’t break through the rock manually and you won’t go to the horizon over 50 m.

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Water on the site on their own

The driven well is quite common today. Since there are fewer and fewer wells, and water is a vital product, it is better for private houses to have their own well or two. One well is usually arranged inside the house, and the other - outside it, it is possible on the street near the bathhouse. Wells will provide constant water inside the house and for everything personal plot and backup water supply. For such work, knowledge will be required on how to hammer a pipe for a well correctly.

Before hammering a pipe for a well, it is advisable to find out from neighbors nearby the depth of the water mirror, take a closer look and get acquainted with nearby wells.

A driven well is quite convenient, if only because its construction is carried out in almost one day, of course, if all the components necessary for it are available. The cost of construction work is not very high, and the process itself is quite simple, so if the aquifer is good enough, then this is the most the best way water supply of a residential building. Before the main work, you can start preparatory work already from the winter period. Before clogging a pipe for a well, it is advisable to find out from neighbors nearby the depth of the water mirror, take a closer look and get acquainted with nearby wells.

What is needed for a well

• first you need to purchase pipes that would have about 15 m in length. The most important part of a tubular well is considered to be an intake - a filter, which is made of the same material. as the components of the whole structure;

The length of the intake is determined by the aquifer. If the vein for getting water is good, then the intake can have a length of 0.5 m, and its largest length can be 1.5 m.

• the intake cone is made by a turner. It is either welded to the intake, or put on a thread. Numerous holes must be drilled along the entire length of the pipe, the diameter of which should be about 80-100 mm;
• holes are drilled in a checkerboard pattern. Then such a pipe is wrapped with a mesh and soldered along the edge with tin solder. The intake mesh is a completely different matter. A good mesh can hold a small puddle of water on it and still keep it from flowing freely and easily. Non-ferrous metal mesh is not suitable, as it is most likely to corrode;
• Today, more and more often construction work use stainless steel self-tapping screws with large caps, which are even very suitable for attaching the mesh to self-tapping screws. For fastening, you need to drill holes of a couple of millimeters along the entire length of the intake pipe.

Extension pipes are cut into pieces 0.5 and 1.5 m long, depending on the type of soil.

When the winding is carried out with a mesh, it must be pressed with a stainless steel tape with self-tapping screws along the entire length of the pipe, using a screwdriver for this, and then cut off. Wrapping the mesh with wire will not bring any sense, because, if the intake is hooked in the ground for something strong and resistant, the wire will not help and the mesh will still break.

• extension pipes are cut into pieces 0.5 and 1.5 m long, depending on the type of soil. If the soil is not very hard, but plastic and the pipes enter the ground easily, you can make them a little longer. Couplings for connection are made only of steel, so that they hold tightly and do not burst during operation, they are made into half of the coupling. Couplings are most often installed on linen with paint.

We start drilling a well

• Earth drilling is carried out with an ordinary fishing drill, in which the handle is only remade in such a way that it is possible to attach extension knees to it and replace the brace with a T-shaped handle.

Drilling a well will require two people, since it will be necessary to remove the drill from the ground, and this work is quite difficult for one person.

Land drilling is carried out with an ordinary fishing drill.

If, as a result of drilling, quicksands are found, then work is stopped. A pre-prepared pipe with an intake is lowered into the well and a mallet is taken.

The beater looks like an ordinary chock, which on both sides has clogged metal brackets in a vertical position. Clogging of the pipe can be carried out by one person, or it can be done by two. If the pipe is too high, then we will hammer it using a stepladder.

The intake into the aquifer must be hammered with uniform blows on the pipe. Water is tested by pouring liquid into the well. If it does not linger, but immediately leaves, you can get water at the drilling site.

Pump connection and water analysis

A hand pump for pumping water is attached to the intake using rubber hose with clamps.

• Further, with the help of a rubber hose with clamps, a hand pump is attached and the water is pumped out. With the help of a hand pump, raising water from a well is quite easy and simple. If the water appears clean and tasty, without the formation of a film and precipitation, then. it is of good quality.

It is possible to determine the quality and quality factor of water by analyzing it in a special laboratory. If you don't like the quality, you can continue driving the pipe to a greater depth, checking from time to time if there is an aquifer. It is possible to hammer the well to the stop no deeper than 15 meters.

If the water table is at a level below 9 m, then it cannot be pumped out. Of course, you can lower the pump a few meters, first dig a pit, or simply make a well and install a water pumping station.

If water is not found or it Bad quality, then the pipes are removed. If you have difficulty lifting them, use a jack.

Well preparation for operation

If the well is used only in summer period, it is desirable to remove the valve for the winter - then the pillar water will fall to the normal level and no freezing will occur.

If as a result you find good water, you can begin to prepare the well for operation. The height of the pipe is leveled above ground level for easy connection. Sometimes they change the last knee to another of the required length, or simply saw off the excess part and cut a thread on it. The thread is necessary to be able to install the valve and further connect the hose.

The valve is a rather complex device, so it can often break or fail. To prevent this from happening, the valve is installed at the top in front of the pump. With it, the pole is supported, and in which case it can be easily replaced. If the well is used only in the summer, it is advisable to remove the valve for the winter - then the water column will fall to the usual level and no freezing will occur. In the spring, the valve is put in its original place and the water is raised.

If the well is used in winter, then the valve can also be removed, and put on during use, only then you need to make sure that no water is left in the pump. Next, you need to connect a water pumping station or an electric pump through a pipe or hose. To do this, use a hose high pressure, since there is a vacuum in this place and it can be flattened. Sometimes a driven well is made on the street, a pipe is attached to it, and it, in turn, is led into the basement of the house where the water pumping station is installed.

Water pumping stations operate with a steady column and when the entire system is filled with water. Therefore, at first, to raise the water, they use manual vacuum pump. It is connected separately through a special valve, which is located in front of the water pumping station. When the water rises to the required level and the receiver is filled, the system will start automatically. There will always be a column of liquid in the pipe.

Well and pipe cleaning

You can also clean the well with the help of a special device called a bailer.

Often, during long-term operation of a driven well, the flow of water slows down significantly. This happens as a result of clogging and clogging of the collection grid. Then it is necessary to pull the pipes out of the well and clean or replace them with new ones, you can simply change the grid of the collector or the collector as a whole.

There are times when the water in the well disappears completely. This happens sometimes natural causes and sometimes man-made. Then it is necessary to carry out deeper drilling and arrange a well with a casing pipe.

New driven well technologies

Today, quite interesting driven wells have appeared, such as disposable ones. For their arrangement, a metal-plastic pipe is used. To drive it into the ground, a composite rod is required, which is reusable.

The intake, like in conventional driven wells, only inside it is made a recess of a conical shape, which is designed to support the driving rod. A knee is attached to the intake through a coupling from a metal-plastic pipe and lowered into a drilled well.

Inside the pipe there is a driving rod, which strongly abuts against the recesses of the conical intake. An anvil is wound onto a steel rod and an intake is hammered through this rod. Having reached the aquifer, the rod is removed from the pipe, and the pipe is connected to the pump.

Lack of own wells and poor water quality in central plumbing systems led to the fact that the driven well became in demand again. In private homes, this design is often the only option for providing water. In addition, a well can be made both at home and outside, near the bathhouse or in the garden. Own autonomous provision is always attractive, but you need to know what a driven well is, or otherwise, an Abyssinian well.

The well is convenient in all its indicators:

1. Equipment efficiency. An Abyssinian well can be dug in one day if pipes and other accessories are available;
2. Affordable price . The cost of pipes (the main cost factor) is low, and if the aquifer is close, the process is accelerated and greatly facilitated;
3. Preparatory work you can start in the winter.

The main thing is to find out from the neighbors how deep the layer of aquifer lies or take a closer look at the wells located in the district.

Well tools and equipment:

• First you need to purchase pipes for water with a length of at least 15 m. An important part of the tubular well is the intake - a filter made of the same material that makes up the entire structure.

Important! The length of the intake filter is calculated based on the saturation of the aquifer. With excessive saturation, the length does not exceed 0.5 m, with insufficient saturation it can reach up to 1.5 m.

• The turner can be entrusted with the manufacture of the intake cone. It is immediately welded to the part of the intake or equipped with a thread and screwed.
• Pipe perforation is required. To do this, holes are drilled along the entire length of the pipe, with a diameter of up to 0.8 cm. The location of the holes is staggered, then the pipes are wrapped in a mesh, soldered with tin solder along the edge part.
• Intake net - required element, which can also be made by hand. A good mesh should hold a small puddle of water and at the same time allow the liquid to drain freely, the design of the mesh element can be seen in the video.

Important! The mesh made of non-ferrous metal is not suitable for the intake, due to the peculiarity of rapid corrosion and deformation.

• The mesh is attached to stainless steel screws equipped with large caps. For fastening strength, it is better to drill small (2 mm) holes along the entire length of the intake pipes. It is simple and easy to do it yourself. But after winding and fastening the mesh, the protruding and extra parts of the mesh fabric must be cut off! It is wrong to wind up with wire, if the intake catches on something solid in the ground, the wire will not help, the mesh will immediately break through, and not only small, but also large particles of dirt and soil will begin to fall into the water.
• Extension pipes are cut into pieces of 0.5-1.5 m, depending on the soil filling. For soft seams, slightly longer pipe lengths are allowed.
• Couplings take only steel! But for the strength and reliability of fastening, it is better to supplement the threaded step by turning it to half of the coupling. The operation is also simple and easy to do with your own hands, with some threading skill. To minimize leakage at the joints, the couplings are seated on linen threads with paint.

Drilling a driven well for water

If all the tools and equipment are prepared correctly, you can proceed to the next step - clogging the well. Previously, it is better to watch the whole process on the video and use our tips:

• Drilling is carried out with an ordinary fishing drill with a redesigned handle and brace. The handle is changed so that extension knees are connected to the drill, the brace is changed to a T-shaped handle.

Advice! To make the clogging take as little time as possible, it is better to do the work together. This will make it easier to get the drill out of the ground and clean it.

• As soon as quicksands are found, the process must be stopped, a pipe with an intake is lowered into the well and a mallet is taken. A mallet is an ordinary chock, equipped on both sides with metal brackets fixed vertically. The pipe must be hammered with it, it is only important to observe the uniformity of blows.

Advice! The presence of water in the layer is checked by pouring liquid into the well, if it does not linger, but leaves immediately - the drilling site has been chosen correctly and the Abyssinian driven well will be ready soon.

• After the clogging of the pipes is completed, you can connect the pump using a hose with clamps and pump out the water.

Went clean and tasty water, without film formations, foam and precipitation - the result is achieved. But for your own peace of mind, it’s good to do a water analysis in the laboratory, since it’s impossible to do it yourself to make sure it’s safe. When bad smell or the appearance of a film, it is better to continue driving pipes to a greater depth, checking from time to time for the presence of an aquifer. Clogging deeper than 15 meters is not worth it, this will not turn out to be an Abyssinian well, but a different design.

It is difficult to pump out water if the water table is below 9 meters. If an operation is necessary, a pit is dug out, where a pump is lowered or a well is made with the installation of a water pumping station.

Rarely, but it happens that the aquifer is not located. In this case, remove the pipes, if you don’t know how, watch the video, bury the well and punch the Abyssinian well with your own hands in another place on the site.

Preparation of the well for use

So, the water is good, the groundwater is saturated, which means that you can start arranging the well. To do this, a set of pipes is leveled above the soil level for ease of connection. In this case, you can replace the last extended knee with a piece of the desired length, or simply cut off the excess by cutting a thread onto the top. The thread is required to equip the valve and connect the hose part.

Advice! The valve often breaks, so it is better to install it in front of the pump (at the top), in case of failure, the valve will be easier to replace. If the well is intended for use during the warm period, the valve is removed for the winter cold until spring. And if the well begins to work year-round, then in very coldy it is also better to dismantle the valve, putting it on only for using the well, and make sure that no water remains in the pump.

After arranging the valve, the well is pumped hand pump, and only then, when the system is filled with water, an electric pump or a water pumping station is connected. This will provide a constant column of liquid in the pipe and the Abyssinian well will work more efficiently.

Cleaning the Abyssinian well system

As you can see, it is not difficult to hammer a well with your own hands, a set of pipes, tools and some patience is enough. During operation, the intake will become clogged with particles, which means that you will have to clean or completely replace the intake grid or the entire collector. But there are times when the water runs out completely. Reasons can vary from natural phenomena to man-made. Solution: carry out deeper drilling into the ground and equip not an Abyssinian well, but a well with a casing.

In conclusion and to help

Interesting new technologies for clogging "disposable" wells with their own hands. Such wells are made on a short time, for example, to provide water in the summer, until the Abyssinian well is ready. Used for furnishing metal-plastic pipe driven by a compound rod. The intake is no different from the usual one, only inside it is equipped with a recess in the shape of a cone so that the driving rod rests in this place. The metal-plastic elbow is connected to the intake by means of a coupling, and the entire structure is lowered into the drilled well. As soon as the rod was inserted into the pipe, they rested it in the recess of the intake, an anvil is screwed on top of the rod and the intake is hammered to the desired depth. We reached the aquifer, remove the rod, connect the pipe to the pump and you can pump the well to get clean water.