House in traditional Russian style. House in Russian style

Wooden houses in the Russian style - have a centuries-old tradition. Russian houses are characterized by elements of decoration in the form of carvings, wooden shutters, platbands, carved facades. The house can be one or two stories. The roof is gabled rather high, under it is an attic. Mandatory element is a separate high porch.

Russian style modern wooden house emphasized by traditional architectural and constructive techniques, the uniqueness of the aesthetic and structural qualities of wood. The presence of wooden shutters, architraves, carved facades distinguishes houses in the Russian style. Frequent techniques in the construction of such buildings are the construction of towers with decorations and windows. Such housing is built spacious and roomy, having one or two floors.

The exterior of the house in the Russian style

Russian style in wooden architecture is very diverse. A Russian-style house can look like a fairy-tale tower with many carved elements, like boyar mansions with their inherent pomposity, like a noble nest (the so-called Russian estate) with a strict and concise exterior design, like a Russian hut with simplicity of decoration. At the same time, the Russian style is read in each of them.

Interior decoration

The interior decoration of a modern Russian-style house, of course, is different from the past. However, log walls and wooden ceiling will look like old hut. If you add raw board floors and appropriate furnishings to them, you can create an antique design.

Walls out natural wood create a unique cozy atmosphere, which can be emphasized with exquisite staircases, forged metal products, an original fireplace and various pieces of furniture, including benches, chests of drawers, massive tables and carved cabinets.

Our country is rich in forest resources, which led to the widespread use of lumber in construction. This material has a number of advantages, such as manufacturability, ease of processing, positive impact on human health. An individual project of the estate, made by a professional architect in the Russian style and implemented by highly qualified craftsmen, will organically fit into.

The lower level of the building is often a multifunctional structure, which is also the foundation. Here, in addition to the garage box, there is a shower, a bathroom and a real bath or sauna.

At present, there is an increased interest in traditional Russian architecture in our country. Original volumetric and spatial solutions are embodied in buildings reminiscent of old merchant or noble mansions. Individual and standard projects wooden estates are becoming increasingly popular among representatives of almost all social groups.

Architecture firms offer a variety of options, ranging from inexpensive low-budget buildings to luxury buildings. , which is sufficient to accommodate following premises on the first floor:

living room with a working fireplace made of natural stone;
a large dining room next to the kitchen, which is equipped with everything you need;
bathroom with jacuzzi, shower and other modern sanitary equipment.

The second floor is designed for work and leisure, it provides:

bedrooms for good sleep;
children's room or any other room for rest and relaxation;
additional bathroom, so as not to go down constantly.

For the convenience of permanent and temporary residents, this level has a well-equipped bathroom and a convenient lavatory. A special charm to the premises of the second floor is given by the walls sloping inward with skylights special design. This design approach allows the most complete use of the entire internal volume of the building with the lowest possible total height of the house.

Foundation and foundation of estates

The country house, made in the traditional Russian style, is characterized by solidity and reliability. This is expressed in the use of one of the most durable modern building materials for the lower level - monolithic reinforced concrete. To strictly follow the chosen architectural concept and organicity, natural stone is used for facing the foundation.

Combination natural wood and wild stone gives the building a special charm. At the same time, the materials used, while maintaining authenticity, were subjected to serious processing using innovative technologies. This made it possible to give the raw material a more perfect form, adapted for construction work.

Cast together with walls and ceilings. All elements of the structure are reinforced with steel or fiberglass rod. The monolithic structure has high mechanical strength and resistance to external influences. To protect the base from moisture contained in the adjacent soil masses, a set of measures for waterproofing is carried out.

To reduce heat loss through monolithic walls they are carried out using extruded polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam. The use of materials can significantly increase the energy efficiency of the building and significantly reduce the cost of maintaining it in general and heating suburban housing in particular.

Log house materials

Russian architects were famous for their skill and ability to build architectural ensembles of wood. Multi-tiered buildings with complex transitions are several simple log cabins combined into a single structure. As the main building material for country house a log that has been processed on special equipment is used.

In the process of cylindering, the material is given the correct geometric shape, which greatly simplifies the work of builders and appearance buildings. Whips of freshly sawn trees are used as raw materials. conifers pine or cedar. Wood of the first type is more accessible to the general consumer, primarily in terms of cost.

The wood that grows in the northern regions of Siberia, Karelia and Pomorie has the best characteristics. When choosing a material for the construction of a country house, in no case should you save on its quality. It is recommended to involve a qualified specialist to inspect rounded logs offered by suppliers. The forest must meet the requirements of national and international quality standards.

In our catalog, projects of houses in the Russian estate style take pride of place. This is due to the growing interest in log housing construction, and logically leads to the revival of half-forgotten elements of ancient Russian architecture. Our ancestors knew how to create fabulous masterpieces from wood.

Despite the absolute external dissimilarity of each house in the catalog, they can still be divided into two large groups. Projects of classic Russian manor houses fall into one, and ethnic stylizations of the “fairy-tale tower” type fall into the second.

The project of the estate in the Russian style

This concept usually includes a traditional, more often one-story, residential building, or rather, a complex wooden buildings together with a bathhouse, an outbuilding, a fence and a gate, forming a whole "compound". AT modern projects several techniques of traditional Russian architecture are used.

Log cabins can be recruited from logs of different diameters, laid "butt to the top".
Tiered roofs different shapes- "chest", acute-angled, 4-pitched.
The pediments are recruited from the same logs as the walls - there is a feeling that they stand "on their own", without any support ("males").
Peculiar "bay windows" are characteristic - a half of a hexagonal "drum" protruding beyond the wall.
Wooden carving - business card Houses. The porch, architraves, hanging edges of the roof are richly decorated with figured elements.
Open galleries "gullishcha", small cozy balconies- supported on carved wooden columns.

A characteristic feature of Russian houses is individuality. Each of them is unique, expresses the taste and wealth of the owners of the house. In a modern interpretation, a Russian-style brick cottage can also be built, or with combined stone walls. The combination of materials of different textures gives the building new look, while retaining all the charm of a wooden frame.

Traditional house in Russian tower style

The first wave of interest in medieval Russian architecture rose in the 19th century, on its crest a “pseudo-Russian style” arose. From the projects of houses of Russian architects of that period, the works of Ivan Ropet, who built many "towers" with multi-tiered turrets and carved patterns, have been preserved. Among the techniques of the 18th century, two stand out that can give a wooden house a particularly "fabulous look".

Russian chalet - a building with a log cabin expanding upward due to a gradual increase in the release of crowns ("fall"). They formed a cornice on which a roof was laid, the overhangs of which could be significantly increased. Now this is a rare technique, modern houses of this type are more like a stylization on the theme of a chalet.
Log house "in the oglo" - the connection of logs in the corners of the log house with the rest (remember the house of the "Baba Yaga"). The project of the tower in the old Russian style in our catalog includes such rare elements: figured columns with carvings, a hexagonal glazed "lantern".

All projects of houses developed by us in the Russian estate style are accompanied by a full package of architectural and constructive solutions. The attached specification of materials facilitates the work of builders, and ensures that the building being erected complies with the technical plan.

The construction of private houses, outwardly resembling an old Russian tower or merchant's mansions, is becoming increasingly popular. The projects of such houses are very diverse, but they are united by the fact that, as a rule, they are a wooden house with rich decoration in the form of many carved exterior and interior elements.

Finished house-terema project unusual shape and configuration

The tree has always been considered one of the the best materials for the construction of houses, and the point here is not only environmental friendliness. Let's talk about the tree building material and about the specifics of the construction wooden houses in Russian style in more detail.

Let's start with the benefits. , made in the Russian style, has the following advantages:

However, along with many advantages, wooden houses also have some disadvantages. Among them are the following:

A variant of the project of a two-story Russian tower made of wood

Increased fire hazard. This disadvantage can be minimized by applying a special one, but it cannot be completely eliminated.
Shorter service life compared to stone, brick and block structures. In addition, a wooden house is more difficult to care for and maintain in good condition.
The construction of wooden houses requires some time after the construction of the building to shrink. The only exceptions are . During the period of operation, wooden houses also shrink, which negatively affects their condition.
And finally, the high price of material and construction is also a disadvantage of such buildings.

But even the presence of shortcomings in wooden houses does not affect their popularity in private construction.

Features of the exterior of a Russian house

The Russian house has a variety of exteriors. A Russian-style house can look like a fairy-tale tower with many carved elements, like boyar mansions with their inherent pomposity, like a noble nest (the so-called Russian estate) with a strict and concise exterior design, like a Russian hut with simplicity of decoration. And the Russian style in the interior is read in each of them.

Consider the features of the internal and external design Russian house, made in various styles. Projects of a Russian house can be adapted for both one-story and two-story buildings. A large number of storeys is rarely used for arranging houses in this style.
What distinguishes a Russian-style house from all the others?

The original exterior of the wooden tower

Firstly, the construction of such houses involves the use of exclusively natural materials such as wood and a natural stone. Moreover, a little stone is used in the exterior (unlike the chalet style), only for finishing the basement. And artificially aged stone is preferable.

Secondly, this is the presence of a multitude, window and door openings, flights of stairs, etc., is characteristic exclusively of Russian wooden houses.

Thirdly, original way laying logs (beams) "in oblo". This is a stacking method in which the logs are stacked so that their edges protrude strongly at the corners of the house, where their intersection is clearly visible.

Fourthly, the presence of massive volumetric columns on the open terraces of the house and stairs with several flights.

Fifth, the equipment itself. Here they look organic. decorative elements in the form of flutes.
All of the above features characterize a Russian house in the style of a choir, a tower or a Russian hut. The Russian estate is somewhat different in exterior from them. Projects of houses in the style of a Russian estate are also diverse, but they have the following in common:

Mostly two-story execution;
Fewer carved decor;
Possibility of building from bricks and blocks;
The presence of a columned entrance to the house and a low porch;
Conservatism and restraint in the exterior.

The Russian estate does not resemble a village dwelling, but impresses with its simplicity and refined intelligence.

Hut-hut

The hut is one of the main symbols of Russia. Archaeologists believe that the first huts appeared in the second millennium BC. For many centuries, the architecture of the hut practically did not change, since it initially combined all the functions necessary for the Russian peasant - it provided a roof over their heads, warmth and a place to sleep. The hut was sung by poets and immortalized by artists, and for good reason. Over time, the hut was transformed into a log house-terem for wealthy families. Together with the surrounding buildings, the tower was a Russian estate. The traditions of building houses from a log house took shape over the centuries, and collapsed in just a few decades.

Collectivization, urbanization, emergence latest materials... All this led to the fact that the Russian village became smaller, and in some places almost died. New "villages", the so-called "cottage villages", began to be built up with houses made of stone, glass, metal and plastic. Practical, effective, stylish, but the Russian spirit does not live there, and there is no smell of Russia . Not to mention the insufficient environmental friendliness of such buildings.

However, not so long ago wood construction in the Russian style survived the first stage of the revival. This was reflected in the interiors as well. Country style today is generally at the peak of popularity. Someone prefers German country, someone - Scandinavian or American rustic style, someone likes it, but if we are talking about a wooden country house or dacha, the choice is increasingly being made in favor of interiors in the style of a Russian village.

Arriving from the metropolis to the country house or to Vacation home in the style of a Russian hut, a person feels unity with nature and a connection with his roots. This promotes maximum relaxation and a state of rest. In houses made of wood, the interior of which is simple and unpretentious, it is easy to breathe and sleep soundly. And after the rest, there is a desire to do things such as fishing, laying out a new flower bed in May or working in the garden in September - in a word, a surge of strength makes itself felt.

Russian interior style: where is it appropriate?

Can be recreated in full only in a wooden chopped house. The interior in the style of a Russian tower, a Russian estate is appropriate in any wooden house. In other cases, when it comes to, for example, brick house or an apartment, we can only talk about styling, that is, about bringing into the interior some features inherent in the Russian hut or tower.

The interior of the Russian hut: what was it like?

Russian hut. Photo taken from Russian Wikipedia

The center of the hut was a stove, which was called queen of the house . It occupied a quarter or even a third of the area of the entire dwelling. At the corners of the furnace, stove pillars were placed to protect the "queen" from destruction. Beams under the ceiling rested on these pillars and on the walls. Beams, speaking modern language, zoned the space, dividing the hut into the female half, male and red corners. On one of the beams they arranged a bed - a plank lounger, which was chosen by the children.

A woman was in charge in the oven corner. In this place there were numerous shelves with dishes and other utensils. Here, women not only cooked, but also spun, sewed and did other things. The owner spent more time in male corner- under the floors.

The biggest and beautiful place in the hut, where they ate and met guests. Simply put, this is both a living room and a dining room, and often a bedroom. A red corner was arranged in the upper room diagonally from the stove. This is the part of the house where the icons were installed.

Near the red corner there was usually a table, and in the very corner on the goddess there were icons and a lamp. Wide benches near the table were, as a rule, stationary, built into the wall. They not only sat on them, but also slept on them. If needed extra bed, benches were attached to the table. , by the way, was also stationary, adobe.

In general, the furnishings were sparse, but not without embellishments. Wide shelves were mounted above the window. Festive dishes, caskets, etc. were placed on them. The beds were complemented by carved backs. The bed was covered with bright patchwork bedspreads and decorated with many pillows laid in a pyramid. Chests with handles were almost always present in the interior.

Russian chest. 19th century

During the time of Peter the Great, new pieces of furniture appeared, which took their place in Russian huts, and even more so in towers. These are chairs, cabinets, partially replacing chests, slides for dishes and even armchairs.

In the towers, the furnishings were more varied, but on the whole the same principle was preserved: a large hearth, a red corner, the same chests, beds with many pillows, mounds of dishes, shelves for displaying various decorative items. Of course, there was a lot of wood in the towers: these were walls, floors, and furniture. Russian country style and Russian hut style in particular - it's a tree, a lot of wood and almost nothing but a tree!

How to create the style of a Russian hut or a Russian estate in the interior of your home?

1. Choice of direction

Some changes gradually took place in the interiors of Russian huts and towers, so first you need to decide which era you would like to recreate the style of. Will it be a stylization of an old Russian hut or a hut of the first half of the last century, in which many innovations appeared? Or maybe you like the more elegant furnishings of old Russian towers or wooden landlord houses of the 18-19 centuries, when in country style were the features of other styles introduced - classicism, baroque, modern? The choice of direction will allow you to choose the right pieces of furniture, textiles and decor.

Upper room of an old Russian house of the 16th-18th centuries. A. M. Vasnetsov

And this is the end of the 19th century. The world of the Russian estate in the painting of S. Zhukovsky

2. Creating the style of a Russian hut

Main. Wooden walls are best left unfinished. Suitable for the floor massive board- matte, perhaps with the effect of aging. Under the ceiling are dark beams. You can do without a stove, but the hearth is still necessary. Its role can be played by a fireplace, the portal of which is lined with tiles or stone.

Doors, windows. Plastic double-glazed windows will be completely inappropriate here. Windows with wooden frames should be supplemented with carved platbands and wooden shutters. Doors should also be wooden. As cash for doorways you can use boards that are uneven and deliberately roughly processed. In some places, instead of doors, you can hang curtains.

Furniture. Furniture, of course, is preferably wooden, not polished, but possibly aged. Cabinets, slides and numerous shelves can be decorated with carvings. In the dining area, you can arrange a red corner with a shrine, a massive, very heavy table and benches. The use of chairs is also possible, but they should be simple and solid.

The beds are high with carved headboards. Instead of bedside tables, you can put chests in the Russian style. Patchwork bedspreads and numerous pillows are perfect - folded in piles from largest to smallest.

No sofas in modern interior not indispensable, although, of course, they were not in the huts. Choose simple shapes with linen upholstery. Upholstery color - natural natural. Leather furniture will stand out from the overall picture.

Stylization as an interior of the 18th century in the hut of the Pokrovskaya hotel in Suzdal

Textile. As already mentioned, it is worth giving preference to bedspreads and pillow covers made in patchwork technique. There can be quite a lot of textile products: napkins on cabinets and small tables, tablecloths, curtains, borders for shelves. All this can be decorated with embroidery and simple lace.

By the way, you can’t spoil the interior of the hut with embroidery - women in Russia have always loved to do this type of needlework. Embroidered panels on the walls, embroidered curtains, embroidered bags of herbs and spices hanging from the kitchen beam - all this will be in place. The main colors of textiles in the style of a Russian hut are white, yellow and red.

Lighting. For an interior in the style of a Russian hut, choose in the form of candles and lamps. By the way, there will be lamps with simple lampshades. Although lampshades and sconces are more suitable for a house, the interior of which is stylized as a Russian estate.

Kitchen. Without household appliances in a modern hut it is impossible to do without, but technical design can spoil the integrity of the picture. Fortunately, there is a built-in technique that helps with the housework, but does not violate the harmony of the Russian style.

For kitchen fit massive furniture: kitchen table-cabinet with drawers, buffets open and closed, various hanging shelves. Furniture, of course, should not be polished or painted. Quite out of place will be kitchen designs with facades finished with glossy enamel or film, glass inserts, aluminum frames etc.

Designer: Oleg Drobnov

In general, in the interior in the style of a Russian hut there should be as little glass and metal as possible. Plastic here is like an eyesore. Choose furniture with simple wooden fronts or realistic imitation of rough wood. Solid wood facades can be decorated with Russian folk style paintings or carvings.

As a decor for the kitchen use a samovar, wicker baskets and boxes, onion braids, barrels, pottery, wooden crafts Russian folk crafts, embroidered napkins.

Interior decor in the style of a Russian hut. Decorative linen textiles with embroidery, many wooden items. Will fit perfectly wooden wheel, a spinning wheel and fishing nets if the house is located near a river, lake or sea. Knitted round rugs and self-woven paths can be laid on the floor.

3. Creating the style of an old wooden manor

At a simple peasant hut and a rich old manor a lot in common: this is the predominance of wood in the interior, and the presence of a huge stove (in the estate it is always lined with tiles), and a red corner with icons and candles, and linen and lace textiles.

House in Russian style. Designer: Olga Derevleva

However, there were also numerous differences. The rich actively borrowed something new from foreign styles. This is, for example, a bright upholstery upholstered furniture, porcelain plates and clocks on the walls, graceful wooden furniture in English or french style, lampshades and sconces, paintings on the walls. In the interior in the style of a Russian tower, stained-glass windows will be very useful as interior windows, partitions or veranda glazing. In a word, everything is quite simple here, as in a hut, but there is a slight touch of luxury.

In the style of a Russian estate

4. Yard in Russian style

And the interior itself, and the windows in it, and the “outside the window” space should be in harmony. To protect the territory, it is better to order a fence about 180 cm high, assembled from pointed logs.

How is a Russian-style courtyard created now? It is unequivocally impossible to answer, since in Russia the court was organized in different ways, depending on the area. However, the designers found common features, which are recreated in landscape design. A path (often winding) is laid from the gate to the entrance to the house. Often it is covered with a board. Along the edges of the path is a flower border. In the old days, peasants set aside any free plot of land for beds, but they still tried to decorate the front yard with flower beds.

Now lawn grasses are used for the backyard of the hut. This area is shaded with pine trees planted around the perimeter. However, currant or raspberry bushes will also be very in the spirit of the Russian court. Elements landscape design in Russian style are various items made of wood: a wooden children's slide, a stationary table with benches, a Russian swing. And, of course, all buildings in the yard should be made of wood.

Interior in the style of a Russian hut or estate: ideas from designers

1. About the mirror. Mirrors are an alien object for an old Russian house. However, it is difficult to imagine modern house without a single reflective sheet. Choose mirrors with an aged effect, enclosed in bulky wooden frames. The mirror can be disguised as false thanks to wooden shutters. carved frame with the same wooden shutters, shutters can also be used to mask a flat-screen TV.

2. Styling idea for the bedroom. An interesting solution for bedrooms or children's rooms: stylization as a cozy rustic courtyard. Walls 1-1.5 meters from the floor are sheathed with an unpainted board imitating a fence. Painting is also used floral ornament: butterflies flutter and birds fly on the wall above the fence. Another wall of the room can be an imitation outer wall wooden house with a window decorated with lace trim and wooden shutters. At the same time, the ceiling can be decorated with a painting, which is an image of the sky. A bench, a hammock, barrels instead of bedside tables - and you will feel like sleeping in a village courtyard.

3. Household appliances in the interior of a Russian hut. In the kitchen, as already mentioned, it is desirable to build in all household appliances. But some items can not be hidden, but, on the contrary, can be made an interior highlight. Technics " airbrushing"It is used not only for painting cars, but also for decorating the housing of household appliances. For example, you can order a painting of a refrigerator in the Russian style - in this case, a modern object not only does not break out of the style of a Russian hut, but also emphasizes it.