Furniture with their own hands made of wood. Why is it better to use natural material

Wood is an excellent material for making furniture. Wooden furniture is ergonomic, practical and attractive. Manufacturing allows you to get unique interior items.

The main advantages of furniture from natural wood: practicality, aesthetics, environmental friendliness.

Manufacturing Benefits

Wooden products are environmentally friendly, they do not emit any harmful substances. From the tree into the air come essential oils and natural resins that have a beneficial effect on the human body. Wooden furniture in the house radiates the energy of wildlife.
Wooden furniture is very durable, resistant to mechanical damage and has a long service life. Home furniture made of wood will last at least 60 years. It is very easy to restore and repair. Restoring wooden furniture does not require large investments.
Home furniture made of wood is comfortable and ergonomic, while developing it, you can take into account all the features of the physique, due to which you can achieve maximum comfort when using.
The existing variety of design and stylistic decisions allows you to choose and make home furniture from wood for every taste. Exquisite handmade finish always attracts admiring glances.
The process of manufacturing wooden furniture, as a kind of creativity, is always unique and interesting.

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Material selection

Oak products are resistant to moisture and decay, strength and durability.

In the manufacture of furniture, two types of wood are distinguished - hard and soft. Soft wood is obtained from conifers trees (evergreen), and solid - from deciduous species. Each of these types has its own advantages. Hardwoods are renowned for their durability, while softwoods are renowned for their good bending ability. Coniferous trees grow much faster than deciduous trees. This explains the fact that furniture made from soft wood, has a lower cost.

Oak is commonly used to produce strong, expensive and durable furniture. Oak wood is of two types - white and red (depending on the type of wood). White oak wood has a greenish tint, while red oak has a pinkish tint. The pores of this material have a unique ability to easily absorb and retain any color. Due to this material can be given a wide range of shades.

Redwood is considered the most best material for the manufacture of furniture due to its durability and strength. It can be easily made from complex elements and designs. Mahogany wood has a high resistance to decay and moisture. The color varies from light brown to reddish brown. This material is used to make the highest quality and most expensive furniture.

Furniture made from cedar wood long years stand in the gazebo in the country, because it is practically not subject to the destructive influence of water.

Most often for the manufacture of furniture used cheaper hardwood from cherry, maple, ash, walnut and beech.

Cedar wood is divided into several types, depending on what breed it was made from (white, Canadian or red cedar). The material may have the most various shades so every detail reveals its uniqueness. Another benefit is that cedar gives off a certain scent that repels insects. Cedar wood does not deteriorate after contact with water and has a very soft texture. Of the conifers, Scots pine and spruce are also very often used.

Pine wood has a rather complex knot structure. Due to this, you can create unique models of products. The color of the wood is yellow tint, usually it is used in the manufacture of furniture for cottages and children's rooms.

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Tools for the job

Hand tools: tape measure, awl, knife, square, iron hammer, rubber hammer, clamps, pliers, hex key for confirmation, screwdriver and ruler.
Consumables: sanding belts, screwdriving bits, electric jigsaw blades, Forstner bit, confirmatory drill, screw and twist drills for wood, screw drills for metal, bi-metal core drill, straight edge cutter, rebated edge cutter.
Electric drill.
Screwdriver.
Electric jigsaw.
Frazier.
Brushes.
Furniture stapler.
Circular Saw.
Plane.
Electric hacksaw.
Mounting materials.

Furniture made from wood-based materials is becoming less popular. Gradually come into fashion homemade items solid wood interiors, made according to original projects owners of apartments or houses. This is due to the fact that chipboard items are unhealthy, in addition, modern living quarters allow large-sized furniture to be installed inside. Today we will tell you how do-it-yourself solid wood furniture is made, what materials are used for this and what principles the craftsmen follow.

What materials are used to make modern furniture?

If you decide to make solid wood furniture with your own hands, then you should first familiarize yourself with the features of this process. The materials below will help you understand all this in more detail, as a result, you will choose the most suitable for you. suitable material and techniques for making solid wood furniture. Today it is produced by their very own different varieties wood, which differ in color, texture and, of course, cost.

breeds

The most popular is a bar from:

Buka.
Oak.
Pines.
Maple.
Ash.
Walnut.

When choosing structural material not the last role is played by the financial capabilities of buyers. But experienced furniture makers still advise novice craftsmen to train on the cheapest types and varieties of wood in order to avoid damage to expensive materials.

Important! In the manufacture of such furniture, structural parts made of chipboard, front elements made of laminated boards and internal parts made of polished materials can be used. Finished construction it is better to fix with a pine beam, and to produce a lining with a furniture edge.

Density

When choosing material for work, you need to remember the density of wood. According to this indicator, the tree is divided into:

Solid. This includes walnut, ash, oak, elm, birch.
Too hard. These tree species include boxwood, acacia, yew, hornbeam.
Soft. This category includes spruce, alder, poplar, pine, juniper.

Important! This information you will certainly come in handy if you want, for example, to make pine furniture with your own hands. Hardness indicators must be taken into account in the process of cutting, cutting, drilling and using other methods of wood processing. If you miss this moment, then the risk of damage to rather expensive material and poor-quality work increases.

Features of cutting wood

Before starting work, you must receive a photo of the furniture and its design. That is, you have two options: make your own drawings or order their production from a professional designer.

The main nuances of cutting wood:

For sawing wood, experienced cabinetmakers usually use a circular saw, but, unfortunately, set it in living conditions pretty hard. That is why an electric jigsaw is more often used at home, the ends of all parts are processed manual router or sandpaper.

Important! Maximum attention when cutting with a jigsaw is given the right choice specifications blades for cutting.

When working with a jigsaw, the most common problem is the inability to make a perfectly even cut and the occurrence of chips. In order to avoid damage to the material, in the manufacture of a certain structural element, they should be made with a margin of a couple of millimeters, and only then adjusted to the required parameters using jointers.

Important! You can also avoid chipping if you first mark the cutting line on the back of each part and stick masking tape on it.

If you first decided to make furniture from solid pine with your own hands, then give preference to a straight-line configuration. If you have a need to perform radial special shapes or curved parts, then entrust them to cutting to an experienced specialist.

If you take into account all the points listed above, then you will be able to independently prepare the array with high quality in order to make it strong and beautiful furniture. Also, at the preparation stage, it is necessary to make holes for all the necessary fittings:

Pens.
Locks.
Shelf holders.

Important! If you want to make antique interior items, then be sure to study the issue of antique imitation and compatibility of accessories. On the sheet small size may simply not fit holes for decorative elements antique. We conclude that the issue with the placement of fittings must be addressed at the cutting stage.

Assembly of interior items from solid wood

Making furniture from solid wood with your own hands cannot be started without getting acquainted with the main types of joints that are used today to assemble all kinds of structural elements.

These include the following options.

spikes

This is the most common and durable look connections. By itself, the spike can be a single unit with a piece of furniture or be plug-in, that is, have a rectangular or cylindrical shape.

AT industrial production flat root spikes are cut into special machine, but at home they are cut out with a cutter, circular saw or scissors. To do this, a nest is hollowed out with a drill or drill.

Important! The spike itself is adjusted to the existing size, because it is important that it enters the hole with great difficulty.

furniture corner

Parts are connected by means of plastic or metal corners. They are installed in place with self-tapping screws. But it is worth noting that this is not the most the best way connection, because it is highly susceptible to loosening, and it is impossible to achieve the required level of rigidity with it.

Confirmation, rafix, minifix:

This is more modern systems compounds that came to us from the West. Confirmat is a special metal tie, which is incredibly reliable. But in the attachment points, such a screed can spoil the chipboard.
Minifix is the most preferred method of joining furniture elements. This type of quick assembly consists of two parts - a rod and a cylinder. When mounting a minifix, be sure to use dowels, which are quite difficult in terms of installation.
Rafix is used to mount shelves, since it combines the properties of screeds and a shelf holder at the same time, but at the same time it is visible only from inside products.

Important! If you have never assembled furniture yourself before, then be sure to read the recommendations of specialists, which are usually given in the instructions supplied by the manufacturers of fasteners. After reading it, everything will become clear to you, and you will do all the work without difficulty.

Finishing and sanding solid wood furniture

Making furniture from solid wood with your own hands always ends with its finishing, because it is thanks to it that the surface of the products becomes ideal in appearance and a protective film is formed on it.

Take advantage of expert advice for a quality finish:

For this, the tree is covered with paint or patina, bleached, stained, impregnated with oil or wax. But the most popular finishing option is the one that involves varnishing furniture.
Sanding of wood occurs only along the fibers, which avoids the appearance of invisible scratches on the surface of the furniture. This is important, because they appear only after opening the surface with varnish.
It is better to cover furniture with paint or varnish in several layers. Since after applying the first layer, the furniture is treated with sandpaper to eliminate defects in the primary grinding. The number of subsequent layers applied and their drying time may vary, depending on which varnish is used.
Choosing varnish for the final finish, you should remember that it forever changes the appearance of wood. But at the same time, it has a lot of positive aspects. We must also not forget that paints and varnishes are capable of forming streaks and irregularities on the surface of furniture.

Important! If you have not worked with paints and varnishes before, then in order to avoid damage to furniture, treat it with oil or wax at the finishing stage.

Wooden furniture has always been in great demand among consumers. This is quite understandable. Wooden furniture has an attractive appearance, exclusive design and high environmental friendliness. Many owners of their own homes are interested in the question of how to make furniture with their own hands. Wooden structure You can, of course, order. But if you create objects yourself, you can bring to life the most original and daring ideas. Consider further how the manufacture of wooden furniture with your own hands is carried out.

General information

Making wooden furniture with your own hands may well turn into a creative hobby. The resulting masterpieces will be able to take their rightful place in the apartment or in the country. Created wooden furniture with your own hands can be a wonderful gift. Designing objects for yourself is considered more of a creative process than a technological operation.

Advantages of home production

Handmade wooden furniture is not only the pride of the owner of the home. From simple bars and boards, you can construct a lot of necessary things: from a stool to a bed or wardrobe. The most important thing is that self-made items will fit perfectly into the existing interior. It is also important that the manufactured furniture will be exclusive. After all, its own schemes will be used in its creation. Well, among other things, in the manufacturing process, you can practice carpentry.

Instrument preparation

There are various devices with which wooden furniture is assembled with your own hands. Here you can not do with one hammer and chisel. You will need a jigsaw, cutter, screwdriver, drill, planer. A high-quality and easy-to-use tool is needed not only in the process of preparing elements. Special devices are needed for decorative trim legs, frontal parts, drilling for fittings. The final result of the work depends on how high-quality the tool used will be, namely, the external one. All devices can be divided into 2 groups: manual and electric. With their help, you can not only assemble, but also repair wooden furniture with your own hands. Let's consider them briefly.

electrical tools

Do-it-yourself wooden furniture is assembled using the following devices:

Circular saw. This tool is used to create cross cuts and clean cuts. wood is cut, elements, figured blanks are processed and manufactured.
Planer. This tool is needed for surface treatment.
Electric hacksaw. With it, you can cut thick and large bars, as well as metal profiles. This tool is needed for rough processing of the material.

Hand tools

Work plan

First of all, you need to draw up sketches, according to which wooden furniture will be assembled with your own hands. The drawings must contain all required dimensions future designs. It is advisable to schematically draw the location of objects in the interior. If assembly is expected complex structures, sketches can be made in several projections. After drawing up the scheme, you need to start preparing the material. Wooden furniture, made by hand, should look neat. Therefore, it is necessary to pre-process all the details, the areas of their connection. The joints and dimensions must be accurate and consistent with each other. Fixation of elements can be carried out with the help of a very important moment is the decorative processing of objects. Here you need to be extremely careful. Experts recommend that you first practice on samples, outlining the boundaries of the intended thread.

console table

For the manufacture of this item, plywood is needed, the thickness of which is 1 cm. It is advisable to glue the ends of the sheet immediately. You can iron narrow stripes with a flat heavy object (an old iron, for example). Before starting work, plywood should be carefully sanded. Its surface should be smooth and even. The drill then needs to drill holes in the connection areas. Self-tapping screws will be screwed into them. The table will consist of 3 wide parts, made up in the shape of the letter "P". For greater stability, 2 narrow boards should be screwed to each element. For better docking, two to three centimeters should be retreated from the edges of the plywood. A thin narrow rail is glued on the sides. It will hide the joints. For fixing, PVA or simple is suitable. On the underside of the tabletop, pre-prepared metal corners should be fixed. They are fixed with screws. After lubricating the joints with glue, attach the countertop to the supports and pull both sides at a right angle. For greater convenience, rollers are screwed to the legs at the bottom. Drill a hole according to the shape of the wheel. The roller is fixed with bolts, which, as a rule, are present in the kit. Here you should try to fix the elements on the same level.

hanging rack

To make its design light, it is better to use plywood. Shelves are prepared according to the expected number. 4 holes are drilled in each element at a distance of 2-3 cm from the edges. After that, the shelves must be coated with water-repellent paint. Its color is selected in accordance with the scale of the interior. To fasten the shelves together, you will need two strong and long ropes. They are threaded through the holes, cross at the top. Under the bottom shelf, tightly tighten the knots. Next, you need to prepare a small size wooden sticks. They are needed to maintain the same distance and fix the shelves at the same level. Sticks are inserted between the threads of the rope. Hanging rack is ready. It can be hung on the wall and a variety of items can be stored on the shelves: flower pots, books, vases, photographs. The design will perfectly fit into almost any interior. This rack can be any size. But at the same time, the design does not take up much space.

do it yourself

Sometimes you need to refresh the items in the house, breathe into them new life. do it yourself according to a specific plan:

Whatever fashion trends never came to the market of furnishings, and do-it-yourself solid wood furniture made by craftsmen is always valued more than others. Natural, noble material with a natural pattern makes a special warm and comfortable accent in any interior. But before you start making furniture, you need to choose the right wood, take into account a number of important factors: mechanical features material, its texture, color.

What you need to know when choosing wood for furniture

Paying attention only to appearance wood, one should not lose sight of such qualities as moisture resistance, hardness, porosity, etc. Of course, durable expensive furniture should be made from dense and hard woods, which include maple, merbau, and most exotic species. Such a surface is more difficult to damage, spoil. But at the same time, it will be difficult to cut and grind it at home without special equipment. But it is the details of work, techniques finishing(cuts, chamfers, carving, texturing, grinding, smoothing corners, etc.) give the furniture a finished, solid appearance.

Using soft, at the same time inexpensive varieties (birch, alder, pine), you can get furniture that will quickly lose its visual appeal. That is why wood of medium hardness is popular: walnut, cherry, oak, beech, etc.

Consider the moisture resistance of the selected wood. The hardness of the material does not imply stability in a humid environment. So, beech of medium hardness is susceptible to high humidity, and sufficiently moisture-resistant teak has a low hardness index. Today there is industrial technique increasing the moisture resistance of wood. After processing lumber with high temperatures (about 200-300 degrees), the raw material becomes thermal wood - it acquires high moisture resistance and hardness.

Methods for splicing wooden elements

Today, thanks to the use of a jig for pocket holes, it is possible to assemble high-quality from wooden planks One-piece shield for a tabletop, headboard or cabinet door, creating a flat surface and beautifully showing the grain of the wood. Along with this, in order to create furniture from solid wood with your own hands, old classical methods of work are widely used.

Paying is the easiest way. It implies gluing elements with edges processed on a jointer. To give the shield greater stability, a groove and a comb are chosen at the ends of the boards. Thus, the parts fit tightly into each other. Another option for rallying is when grooves are selected on both parts, and they are connected using a plug-in wooden or plywood plank.
Docking using dowel pins and wood glue. The diameter of the fasteners should be half the thickness of the boards to be joined, while the length should be about 10 diameters. In order for the clutch to securely hold the elements together, round spikes must be installed at a distance of at least 10-15 cm.

Wooden table

Wooden kitchen tables can be different shapes. Round models are beautiful, aesthetic, but take up a lot of space, they are inconvenient to use, putting them close to the wall. In addition, making a large round table from solid wood to create a tabletop desired shape, you will have to cut a large number of valuable material. Therefore, it is better to choose a universal rectangular design of the desired size.

Tools and materials

To make it simple kitchen table from the array, it is enough to follow the instructions and prepare all the materials necessary for work. Need to purchase:

4 finished wooden legs. You can make it from a bar or buy ready-made carved blanks (it is quite difficult to carve them yourself without special equipment and experience).
Boards for countertops 60x120 cm.
Two boards of 100 cm each.
Two boards of 40 cm.
Electric drill.
Set of drills.
Plane.
Screws, screws for pocket holes.
Grinder with attachments.
Electric jigsaw.
Jig for pocket holes.
Clamps.
Roulette.
Pencil.
Joiner's glue.
putty.
stain.
Brush.

Assembly instructions

Trim the length of the tabletop boards with a jigsaw. Sand the surface. Choose the front (more beautiful, without flaws) side of each board. Fold the blanks together, taking into account the natural pattern of the wood. Make the ends as smooth and even as possible.
Assemble a tabletop from the boards. From the wrong side, drill a hole with a jig for pocket screws. Then apply glue to the surface and holes, make connections by fastening the elements with screws. Use clamps to secure desired position boards while the glue dries.
Using short cross bars (40 cm each), fasten the table legs in pairs. To avoid damaging the wood, drill the hole using a pocket hole jig. Deconstruct them. This will help hide the screw heads. Next, apply glue to the surface, tightly connect the parts with self-tapping screws.
Assemble the base frame completely by fastening the two parts to the legs with long parts(100 cm long). Mark the connection points. Drill holes, countersink, apply wood glue (to get a little into the holes), fasten the parts with screws. Temporarily secure the connections with clamps.
With an electric drill, using a special nozzle, prepare a small depression in upper parts legs. Prepare holes in advance, apply glue, make connections. Additionally, attach the table top to the base around the entire perimeter of the structure.

After the assembly is completed, proceed to the finishing. Clearly follow the steps, carefully study the recommendations.

Fill with putty unevenness on the surface of the wood, gaps in the seams and holes left after fastening with screws.
After complete drying of the putty composition, remove its excess grinder. Remove the dust.
Cover the surface of the wood with stain. This tool is able to reveal and emphasize the natural beauty of wood, make its color darker. In addition, the stain increases the resistance of the material to the effects of external influences: moisture and temperature difference.
Achieving the desired color wooden surface, start varnishing. We recommend doing two layers.

Please note! The darker the shade you want, the more layers of stain you will need. Moreover, the coating can be started when the surface has become completely dry.

Dense painting, as a rule, is not used on solid wood. Some types of surface decoration with paint create the effects of aging, scuffing, help to bring out a rich texture.

The desire of a person to acquire an original piece of furniture, the need to create a sofa or wardrobe of the right size and shape - all this and much more has led to the fact that hand-made wooden furniture is found in homes more and more often. Design solutions take on all previously unimaginable outlines.

Wooden kitchen furniture

Kitchen furniture made of natural wood has always been a sign of prosperity, reliability and comfort. The products were distinguished by high aesthetic characteristics and exquisite beauty.

The use of an array of natural wood or its derivatives in difficult conditions cuisine forced furniture makers to improve processing and finishing methods so that wooden furniture could withstand with dignity high humidity, various pollution and mechanical influences.

Great achievements in the field of wood protection allow the manufacture of wooden furniture with your own hands without fear for the appearance and long service life.

Advantages of wooden furniture

The production of furniture from MDF or chipboard panels has reduced the cost of goods in this category, and the appearance turned out to be excellent. But even high-quality facade decor will never replace the luxury of natural wood, the beauty of carved elements and the color of expensive wood species covered with glossy varnish.

Making furniture with your own hands allows you to acquire such furniture, while saving a large amount. Deep knowledge of working with this material makes even the most elite items available, such as carved furniture, chairs and tables with curved elements.

Widespread use of wood and epoxy resin- a synthetic material that, after drying, becomes transparent and acquires properties similar to natural stone. The furniture made of visually soldered in resin looks original wooden elements and with the addition of glow-in-the-dark areas.

In addition to the considered aesthetic characteristics, do not forget that wood is environmentally friendly. pure material. At the same time, the features of manufacturing wooden furniture so increase its service life that sometimes it greatly exceeds the performance characteristics of other materials.

Energy of different types of wood

According to scientists, every object in the universe emits an energy spectrum that can affect a person in different ways. Natural wood furniture is no exception to the rule. Not only the type of wood differs energetically.

It is widely believed that making furniture from wood with your own hands can affect her aura. Product created in good mood will bring only joy, and work in a state of stress will give the material a negative.

After some observations, the following conditional classification was drawn up:

trees that are able to absorb energy - spruce, aspen, chestnut, bird cherry, poplar;
energy emitters - birch, mountain ash, oak, maple, acacia.

For the home, the use of these tree species must be carried out in a dosed manner. After all, it is difficult to predict what energy will be emitted or absorbed by this natural material.

The use of chipboard and MDF for production

Before proceeding with the production of natural wood furniture, other widely used materials should be considered: MDF and laminated chipboard.

Chipboard - a special board made of wood chips, which is covered with a paper-resin film. The coating is based on a paper sheet impregnated with melamine resin and attached to the chipboard by means of an adhesive bond (laminating) or under the influence of high temperatures and pressure (lamination).

As a result of processing, the material becomes moisture resistant, not exposed to temperatures and mechanical damage. During the manufacturing process, it can be given any color and structure. The disadvantages of chipboard include low environmental friendliness and difficulties in spot processing.

MDF has a lot in common with chipboard. However, the composition of these products is different. When gluing chips in MDF boards environmentally friendly natural resins are used. For this reason, MDF furniture can be used even in children's rooms.

To positive characteristics furniture boards can be attributed high resistance to moisture, temperature extremes, damage. Unlike chipboard, they lend themselves perfectly to fine processing.

As practice has shown, interior items made of MDF are not inferior in their characteristics and appearance natural wood and may last longer than homemade furniture from wood.

Furniture shield: features, application possibilities

Furniture board - a plate obtained by gluing rails, bars, lamellas of wood. Its dimensions are larger than those of a solid wood board, which makes this material an excellent raw material for making furniture.

The manufacturing features give the output an environmentally friendly, fairly strong material, which even outperforms the array in some way in terms of the absence of shrinkage and deformation. At the same time, the price of the shield is lower.

Shields can be made by hand at home. Enough separate space required humidity and fixing press.

Solid wood furniture is the best natural material for making furniture

Considering a wide range of raw materials for the production of furniture, one can notice such a pattern - plastic or wood chip boards imitate the surface of a tree.

This is due to the fact that the array is considered the best for the manufacture of interior items, finishes and coatings used in the premises. Yes, it's hard to imagine antique furniture from something other than natural wood. The material is varnished, tinted in any color. All the same, as a result, its structure should be preserved.

Wood is easy to process and restore, is the most environmentally friendly raw material, has a long service life, and does not require constant special care.

And most importantly: whether it's do-it-yourself home-made oak furniture or an author's project from a single piece of spruce trunk - such products will perfectly fit into any stylistic interior.

Manufacturing steps

When creating solid wood furniture with your own hands, it is important to prioritize correctly, you should take into account all the nuances of the process, study the stages of manufacturing and assembling the constituent structural elements, as well as the importance of the final stage - coating the surfaces of finished furniture protective layer varnish.

Drawings and diagrams for the manufacture of a durable and beautiful product

Any handmade thing starts with paper and pencil. The first step is drawing a drawing of the room and a visual representation of the future product on it. Only then we remove all the necessary dimensions and make detailed diagram with details and removal of composite mobile elements, attachment points of side walls, bottom and top, location of fasteners and other small details.

Already at this stage, it is necessary to take into account the use of color in the interior of the room, carefully draw the facade of the furniture, so that its influence on the environment can be immediately seen.

Assembly

After all the details have been cut and polished according to the scheme (this stage can be entrusted to specialists or implemented at home), you need to prepare essential tool for the manufacture of furniture and its assembly at home: a screwdriver or drill, a set of screwdrivers and curly keys, brushes and rollers for paint and varnish products. In addition, you will need accessories, such as handles, curtains, fixing angles and various fixing consumables.

Wooden furniture is fastened with self-tapping screws or bolts with nuts to fix right angles, use plastic corners different widths. In the case of creating a dining big table the legs will need to be attached using special metal adapters and additionally reinforced with jumpers.

First, the body of the product is assembled together. Then hang moving parts and internal components.

Final stage

The final stage is the treatment of wood with water-repellent and thermal protective agents, impregnation with liquids like a stain to give the desired shade. Then you need to cover wooden furniture several layers of varnish. This will not only give the surface an expensive appearance, but also serve as a high-quality protection against the effects of negative factors.

After the processing means have dried, decorative and functional fittings are attached.

What do you do with old furniture?

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