How to write a project in Russian. Project "Russian language in the modern world"
Tariko Tatyana Mikhailovna
Creative project in the Russian language "Lexicon of students in grades 8-11"
Academic subject: Russian language.
Age of participants: 13-16 years old.
Duration: long (month, quarter, academic year).
Target: study of vocabulary of students in grades 8-11 and identification of ways to replenish the vocabulary of schoolchildren.
Necessary materials:
1. Volina, V. V. I know the world, Russian language / V. V. Volina. -M: AST, 1998.
2. Skvortsov, L. I. Jargons // Russian language: Encyclopedia. -M., 1979.
3. Soboleva, O. L. Schoolchildren's Handbook. 5-11 classes. Rus-; sky language / O. L. Soboleva. - M. : AST, 2003.
4. Sokolova, V. V. Culture of speech and culture of communication /: V. V. Sokolova. -M: Enlightenment, 1995. \
5. Ozhegov, S I. Dictionary Russian / C. I. Ozhegov. -, M: Russian language, 1994. 6. Fluid, A. V. Methods Russian language in the secondary school of Central A. V. Tekuchev. - M: Enlightenment, 1980.
Design activity involves group work of students. When working on data project it is supposed to organize students in the following groups:
Technical (3-5 people);
informational (5-6 people).
The technical group will be engaged in typing texts on a computer, scanning photos, sending materials by e-mail.
The information group will search for and present the necessary information.
Project progress
1. Determine the quantitative composition of groups of commonly used vocabulary in students' speech.
2. Learn special words in speech students.
3. Learn slang vocabulary of schoolchildren.
4. Learn the slang of schoolchildren 8-11 classes.
Final product.
1. Russian language is the national language of the Russian people. In addition, it is a state or official the language of some republics included in the Russian Federation, along with the native national language their indigenous population.
On the in Russian more than 250 million people speak, including 143.7 million in Russia, according to the 1989 All-Union Population Census, as well as 88.8 million in other states that were previously part of the USSR.
Vocabulary- is vocabulary language. Science section language, which learns vocabulary, is called lexicology.
Modern science has accumulated a large amount of material on the use students words of individual thematic and lexico-semantic groups. Language as a developing phenomenon requires constant study, so we made an attempt to study thematic groups of words 8th grade students modern comprehensive school.
Object of study - oral speech students in grades 8-11.
Hypothesis: we assume that in speech students dominated by limited use vocabulary: slang, jargon is a frequently used youth vocabulary, but dialectisms and special words - unfortunately, no, they are very rare in the speech of modern youth.
Methods and techniques: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, questioning, collection vocabulary, mathematical calculations.
1. Dialect vocabulary
To the dialect vocabulary includes words, distribution of which is limited to one or another territory. They have phonetic, morphological and syntactic features, as well as specific vocabulary.
For example, take a dialect vocabulary, which combines Russian and Ukrainian languages. The dialects that have developed in Ukraine are so peculiar compared to simple ones. Russian dialects that are more like a unique language able to serve and Russian, and the Ukrainian population and equally understandable to him. Each locality has its own private dialect system.
But also in speech students dialectisms also penetrate through communication with elders. In an official situation, a teenager tends to speak literary language, and among "their" switches to dialect. In general, the family is the most preserved area of functioning of the dialect.
Passive command of the dialect vocabulary not only quantifies vocabulary students,but also qualitatively enriches it: students, understanding the meaning of dialect words, thereby expanding their understanding of systemic connections; in vocabulary and about the expressive possibilities of words that are different from the point of view of the sphere of use.
As a result of the survey, it was revealed that the dialect vocabulary is very, very rare in vocabulary of students in grades 8-11.
We tried to identify several reasons for the very rare use of dialects:
Some argue that dialectisms are most often found in the speech of older people;
Others believe that this is not relevant these days;
Some do not even know what dialectisms are. In truth, pity the dialects! with them from language goes away"
some special flavor and aroma. However, they remained forever, recorded in special dictionaries. And if someone is interested, he can open such a dictionary and find out everything in detail, about each of Russian dialects.
2. Professional words in students' vocabulary
To the special vocabulary limited use includes terms and professionalisms.
Professionalisms are words and expressions characteristic of the speech of a team united by a profession.
The term is the scientific designation of the concept, and professionalism is a semi-official word common in the colloquial speech of people of a certain profession.
In the speech of parents, who are still engaged in different types of activities, there are names of different objects. Many words, having left the sphere of social production, continue to be actively used in the individual economy.
From vocabulary parents, such words pass into vocabulary of children. As a result of the survey, some professional words were identified that they know and use students in grades 8-11.
Professionalism What does it mean
Medications Medications
Pediatrician Children's doctor
Worldview Point of view
Discussion Dispute
The meaning of many words in the development process language may change significantly. Some meanings develop, others are lost. In this regard, the original meaning may "to forget".
3. Russian youth slang
Russian youth slang is an interesting linguistic phenomenon, which is limited not only by certain age limits, but also by social, temporal and spatial limits. It lives in an urban environment. student youth and individual more or less closed reference groups.
It represents only lexicon that feeds on the juices of the nationwide language, lives on its phonetic and grammatical soil.
The flow of this vocabulary never dries up completely, it only becomes shallow at times, and in other periods it becomes full-flowing. This is connected, of course, with the historical background against which the Russian language. Young people created their "systemic" slang like linguistic gesture opposition to the official ideology.
Russian youth slang is an interesting linguistic phenomenon, the existence of which is limited not only by certain age limits, as is clear from its nomination itself, but also by social, temporal and spatial limits.
Based on the survey, a small table of frequently used slang was compiled.
Youth slang What does it mean
hello hello
Claudia Keyboard
Zenki Eyes
Dude Man
Super, class Excellent
Chel Man
Patsik Youth
Wench Girl
Crab Hand
Loot Money
Pepper Boys
Locators Ears
Unlike dialect and special vocabulary, slang is used most often.
4. Slang vocabulary
slang vocabulary, like dialectal, is characterized by limited use. It is a social variant of speech, called jargon, and is used in certain communication conditions.
slang vocabulary is an affiliation of the social 4 or other group of people, united by common interests, | classes.
In this study, we will consider school jargon students in grades 8-11.
slang words students a bright expressive and stylistic coloring is inherent, so they can easily turn into colloquial everyday speech, in vernacular.
Sources of slang formation vocabulary is different. Most often it is created on the basis of literary language by rethinking the meanings of words.
slang vocabulary replenished also by borrowing. Abbreviations are typical for her.
students widely use truncated, phonetically distorted or completely rethought words.
Also, based on the survey, a small table was compiled (not all listed) commonly used jargon.
Slang | vocabulary What does it mean
Baldezh Fun
Baska Head
Dividishka Player
Homework Homework
Kamp Computer
Malyavka The one who is younger
Mobila Mobile phone
Mouzon Music
Ancestors Parents
Flee
Wheelbarrow Car
Some jargons quickly fall into disuse, others
appear.
slang vocabulary should not be the property of the speech of cultured people, but the everyday everyday speech of schoolchildren is full of jargon, and it is almost impossible to eliminate these words from the speech of adolescents. It is necessary to understand in what sphere of speech communication their use is permissible.
5. Vocabulary classification
Principles vocabulary classification
Origin
native Russian Borrowed According to the degree of use
Passive
Active
Scope of use
Common vocabulary opposed to a limited territorial
We see that the vocabulary classifiedaccording to the following principles: by origin, by degree of use and by sphere of use.
Meanwhile, origin vocabulary is native Russian and borrowed.By degree of use: passive, active. According to the sphere of use - commonly used vocabulary opposed to a limited territory.
Conclusion
students usually know more words than they actually use in their speech. They learn new words from many sources: as a result of reading, from the teacher's speech, from adults. It is necessary to expand and enrich your vocabulary in every possible way.
Study of uncommon vocabulary in students' speech proves the presence of vocabulary of schoolchildren slang, dialect, professional, slang vocabulary. You need to learn how to use it appropriately. vocabulary in accordance with the situation of communication, be aware of the impossibility of its application in normalized speech. To get rid of the negative influence of uncommon vocabulary you need to know the rules Russian literary language- norms of pronunciation, stress, inflection, spelling.
We would like to return to our hypothesis again. It turned out to be true, because STO slang takes 1st place in terms of use among students in grades 8-11; 2nd place, unfortunately, is occupied by slang vocabulary. And somewhere behind them are dialectisms and professionalisms.
Possible lists of evaluation criteria design work
Option 1. ";
1) Independence of work on project;
2) the relevance and significance of the topic;
3) completeness of the disclosure of the topic;
4) originality of the problem solution;
5) content presentation project;
6) use of visual aids, technical means;
7) answers to questions.
Option 2.
1) Importance of the topic project;
2) depth of research of the problem;
3) originality of the proposed solutions;
4) the quality of the product;
5) persuasiveness of the presentation.
Expert evaluation sheet projects
1. Title project___
3. Grading system.
Compliance with each criterion is expressed in the following points:
1. Most fully meets this criterion - 3 points.
2. Fully meets this criterion -2 points. >
3. Partially meets this criterion - 1 point.
4. Does not meet this criterion - 0 points.
First part. Text Expertise project
Criteria for evaluating the developed project Points
1. Significance and relevance of the problem raised
2. The necessary and sufficient depth of penetration into the problem and the involvement of knowledge from different fields of science and practice to solve it
3. Completeness and content of the presented project
4. Originality of the solution to the problem
5. Decoration project
Total points"
Second part. Examination of the implementation process project
Criteria for evaluating the implementation process Points
1. Implementation as intended project
2. Ability to make adjustments to the implementation project
3. Ability to interact with various people in the implementation process
Total points
The third part. Protection Expertise project
Protection Evaluation Criteria project Points
1. The ability to reveal the essence of the realized project and its main results
2. Presentation form project
3.Ability to answer questions: conciseness and argumentation "
Total points
Main advantages project:
Weak sides project:
The main conclusion of the expert:
Conclusion.
Of course, about a third of the trainees want to learn, but they want to do it in a manner familiar to them, they know how to learn, but prefer to do it using the means and methods known to them. This position of students is quite understandable, i.e. they subjectively interpret the effectiveness of training through safety, they want the predictability of educational actions. Cognitive motivation in this case is high. In modern conditions, the teacher must do everything possible so that the student experiences the joy of the efforts made, experiences the success of achieving the goal. The student, receiving theoretically substantiated methods of action, knowledge, can independently develop similar methods of action in unfamiliar situations or new methods in solving the problems posed. This is what the method project.
Basic requirements for using the method projectscan be identified with three questions:
For what (who?
The first requirement is the presence of either a subjectively or socially significant problem for the student. A very important point is that when using the method projects the problem is not offered to students in a ready-made form, as is often the case in problematic methods, but with the help of various techniques, visual aids students are brought to an independent formulation of the problem and hypotheses for its solution. The formulation of the problem is the answer to the question “why?”.
Second requirement: the practical, theoretical or cognitive significance of the expected results is necessary, i.e. the student must be aware of where and how he can apply the knowledge gained, which product project will be its logical conclusion. The ratio of the problem and the practical implementation of its solution makes the method projects so attractive to the education system.
The third important characteristic of the method projects- his independence, which is determined, on the one hand, by the available opportunity to show his abilities, independently choose ways to solve the problem, on the other hand, by personal motivation to complete project.
Every new project not only based on work experience students on a previous project on the formed skills, but also contributes to the increment of new knowledge and skills.
Thus, the development project- this is the path to self-development of the individual through awareness of one's own needs, through self-realization in objective activity. Among modern pedagogical technologies in recent years project activities of students is gaining more and more popularity because it
Personally oriented;
It is characterized by an increase in interest and involvement in the work as it is completed;
Allows you to implement pedagogical goals at all stages;
Allows you to learn from your own experience, on the implementation of a specific case;
Brings student satisfaction who sees the product of his own labor.
As a conclusion, we note that it is impossible to force a person create. As the science fiction writer A. Azimov wrote in his wonderful story “Profession”, a person himself must come to the desire to seek, try and make mistakes. And only those who are ready to defend their right create, capable of real creation, the task of teachers Russian language - to motivate students for this creativity, help them make their little ones, and maybe (who knows) and big discoveries.
Lbova Nastya, Tokarev Yaroslav, Konstantinova Katya
Working on UMKV V. Babaytseva and L.D. Chesnokova, which is based on the formation and development of educational activities of schoolchildren, you understand how important it is for a child to feel like the subject of his educational work. Children should be given more freedom and independence in thought and practice. And this has project activities aimed at developing the cognitive skills of students, the ability to independently construct their knowledge, navigate the information space, the ability to see, formulate and solve a problem.
"In the world of phraseological units".
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In the process of working on the project, students form an idea of phraseological units as sources of richness and expressiveness of Russian speech.
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Educational project on the Russian language.
Theme "In the world of phraseological units"
Teacher: Krys Olga Anatolyevna,teacher of Russian language and literature
Working on UMKV V. Babaytseva and L.D. Chesnokova, which is based on the formation and development of educational activities of schoolchildren, you understand how important it is for a child to feel like the subject of his educational work. Children should be given more freedom and independence in thought and practice. And this has project activities aimed at developing the cognitive skills of students, the ability to independently construct their knowledge, navigate the information space, the ability to see, formulate and solve a problem.
Organization of work on a training project on the topic:
"In the world of phraseological units".
annotation
The project "In the world of phraseological units" was developed for students of the 5th grade of secondary schools. Used in the study of the topic "Phraseology". The main thing in this project is the development of students' skills in working with information, the formation of a culture of research, and the development of communication skills.
During the project, students independently conduct group research on various sources of information (printed, Internet, sociological survey) and draw up the results of their research in the form of a presentation, booklet, newsletter, etc.
In the process of working on the project, students form an idea of phraseological units as sources of richness and expressiveness of Russian speech.
Project business card
Krys Olga Anatolievna |
|
The region where the school is located | Irkutsk region, Ust-Udinsky district, Ust-Uda village |
Institution name | Municipal educational institution "Ust-Udinsk secondary school No. 2" |
Theme of the educational project | In the world of phraseological units |
Item of the thematic curriculum of the school subject | Phraseology |
Subject areas | Russian language, information technology |
Class | 5 "a" |
Didactic goals of the project | Formation of a high speech culture of communication among students Development of skills of independent search and research activities, communication skills, teamwork skills. |
Methodical tasks of the project | To form an idea of phraseological units in the Russian language, the diversity of their types, origin, use and influence on the speech culture of the speaker. Develop information gathering and processing skills. Develop research skills. |
Fundamental question | How do phraseological units influence the speech culture of the speaker? |
Questions of the educational topic (problematic) | Make porridge? Where and how did phraseological units appear? Is the degree of independence of words in phraseological units the same? Is it possible to express the same idea with the help of phraseological units in different ways? Do proverbs and sayings reflect the life experience of the Russian people? |
Self-study by students in a learning project? | Expand the concepts of "free and non-free phrases". Find out to what extent people are familiar with phraseological units, conduct a sociological survey. Find out in what ways phraseological units appeared in the Russian language. Find out whether the degree of independence of words in phraseological units affects their meaning. Check how you can use phraseological units to express the same idea in different ways. Pick up proverbs and sayings that reflect the life experience of the Russian people |
Independent work of students in groups, discussion of the task of each in the group. | Group 1 - collection of material on free and non-free phrases (Eggo Nastya), a sociological survey of students in grades 5, 9, teachers on the meaning of phraseological units (Razvozzhaeva Ksenia), creation of the booklet (Maxim Lukashchuk, Misha Stukan) Group 2 - collection of material on the ways in which phraseological units appeared in the Russian language (Mityukova Alena, Konstantinova Katya), the creation of a reference abstract (Lbova Nastya, Reutova Nastya). Group 3 - collection of material on phraseological units (Nikita Barakhtenko), fusions (Denis Gamayunov), combinations (Aleksey Tokarev), creation of a bulletin (Tatyana Moskaleva). Group 4 - collection of material on phraseological polysemy, synonymy, antonymy - work with dictionaries - (Luda Molovikova, Tanya Linkova) and presentation design (Polina Evdokimova). Group 5 - they select catchwords, proverbs, sayings that reflect the life experience of the Russian people (Medvedeva Luda, Gorbunova Julia), dictionary design (Dudnik Danil). |
Pedagogical support | Student counseling. |
Registration of project results | Presentation, newsletter, booklet. |
Software and hardware required for the educational project. | |
Technical equipment | Computer, printer, scanner, projection system, Internet access. |
Software | Publishing programs, multimedia encyclopedias, word processors. |
Time required to complete the project | 2 lessons |
Printed Materials |
|
Other accessories. | Internet resources. www. elhovka.narod.ru www. school-sector.relarn.ru |
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Russian language in the modern world Completed the work: Volodina E.A. Supervisor: Sadzhaya L.V.
Municipal educational institution
"Secondary school No. 4",
Maloyaroslavets, Maloyaroslavets district, Kaluga region
Goals, objectives and research methods Research objectives: To identify the role, position and significance of the Russian language in modern society To follow the changes in the language over the past decades Research objectives:
- To identify the reasons for the changes taking place in the modern Russian language
- Find out if this problem is relevant for my peers. Research methods: descriptive method with methods of observing linguistic phenomena
- The place and role of the Russian language in the modern world
- Development of modern Russian language
- Russian language in the sphere of national interests of Russia Russian language in the cultural policy of Russia
- Trends of change in modern Russian Factors influencing changes and development in the Russian language
- Conclusion
- List of sources used
The Russian language is our national treasure and we must treat it like a national treasure - to preserve and increase it.
Modern Russian language 1) national Russian language; 2) one of the languages of interethnic communication of the peoples of Russia; 3) one of the most important world languages.
The Russian language performs three functions:
In addition to the basic functions that are inherent in every language, the Russian language has another very important purpose - it is a unifying link for many peoples and nations.
More than 200 million people consider it their native language, and the number of those who speak it reaches 360 million. In more than 10 countries, Russian has the status of an official language, among them - Russia, Belarus, Abkhazia, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan. More than 200 million people consider it their native language, and the number of those who speak it reaches 360 million. In more than 10 countries, Russian has the status of an official language, among them - Russia, Belarus, Abkhazia, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan.
Russian is the international language of communication between the Slavic countries: Ukraine, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Georgia.
According to the total number of people who speak it, the Russian language ranks 6th in the world.
Russian language in international communication
- It is used in various areas of international communication, acts as a "language of science" - a means of communication between scientists from different countries, a means of coding and storing universal knowledge (60-70% of all world information is published in English and Russian languages). The Russian language is a necessary affiliation of the world's communication systems (radio broadcasts, air and space communications, etc.). English, Russian and other world languages are characterized not only by the specifics of social functions; they also perform an educational function - they train the youth of developing countries.
- For a “world language”, it is not the number of those who speak it, especially as a native language, that is essential, but the global distribution of native speakers, the coverage of different countries, the maximum number of countries, as well as the most influential social strata of the population in different countries.
- When considering the process of becoming a language of interethnic communication, priority is usually given to social factors. However, only social factors, no matter how favorable they may be, are not able to put forward this or that language as an interethnic one, if it lacks the necessary linguistic means proper.
- The Russian language satisfies the linguistic needs of not only Russians, but also people of other ethnic origins living both in Russia and abroad. Our language has a rich vocabulary and terminology in all branches of science and technology, expressive brevity and clarity of lexical and grammatical means, a developed system of functional styles, and the ability to reflect the diversity of the surrounding world.
- Language changes along with society and the processes taking place in it. Computerization, the influence of the media, the borrowing of foreign words - do they have a positive effect on the state of the Russian language?
- Foreign words in the vocabulary of the modern Russian literary language, although they represent a rather numerous layer of vocabulary, nevertheless do not exceed 10% of its entire vocabulary.
Anglicism - words borrowed from the English language.
Anglicisms began their penetration into the speech of a Russian person at the end of the 18th (18th) and beginning of the 19th (19th) centuries. The Russian language experienced a historical boom in the influx of Anglicisms in the early 1990s.
Main Reasons for Borrowing
- Historical contacts of peoples
- The need to nominate new objects and concepts;
- The innovation of the nation in any particular field of activity;
- Language snobbery
- Teenager - teenager
- Piercing - injection, puncture
- Mainstream - mainstream
- Creative - creative, inventive
- Goalkeeper - goalkeeper
- Mass media - mass media
- Millennium - Millennium
- weekend - weekend
- Horror - horror movie
- Handmade - handmade
- Loser is a loser
- At the moment, the Russian language is experiencing a kind of crisis: it is saturated with profanity, Americanisms and numerous jargons.
- Very often there are cases when a distorted language is very actively promoted by the media, as well as by high-ranking officials who make many mistakes in their speech without attaching absolutely any importance to this, although the role of language in the life of society is huge and its impact is very strong.
- Illiteracy also distinguishes modern Russian music of the popular genre, which is oriented towards immature rising generations. Over time, the meaningless set of words inherent in many songs will become an element of youth communication.
- Therefore, the future of the Russian language depends on us. Will it continue to be one of the most powerful and richest languages in the world, or will it join the ranks of the disappearing ones.
- Borrowing words from other languages can lead to both an improvement in our speech culture and its deterioration. The positive effect of borrowed words is that in addition to our native Russian words, we can use foreign, often more expressive terms. Many of the foreign words decorate our speech, making it more expressive and interesting. However, one should not forget that the abundance of such words in the Russian language can lead to disastrous consequences: the Russian language can “drown” in a huge number of foreign words and lose its roots and essence.
job - works
buggy - stopped working
firewood - drivers
Windows - operating system
vent - Windows shell
prog - computer program
clave - keyboard
server - server
hack - hack
Computer jargon (slang):
Prison jargon: Prison jargon: malyava - a note xiva - an identity document a cock - a newcomer let down by experienced convicts urka - an escaped convict fraer - one who is at large
Youth jargon (slang):
chick, chick, dude - girl
dude, man - guy
to show off - to show off
base, hut - apartment
ancestors, ancestors - parents
boy major - a spoiled child of wealthy parents
chatter - talk
trumpet, mobile - mobile phone
wacky - amazing
freaky, awesome - cool, wonderful
outfit, clothes - clothes
not rushing, infuriating - do not like
Mouzon - music
fly away - a word expressing delight; awesome
How is jargon formed? Ways of their formation: giving a different meaning, metaphorization, rethinking, reshaping, sound truncation, active assimilation of the vocabulary of foreign languages.
Words and combinations are based on the dialect differences and morphemes of the language available in the environment of their appearance.
Influence of SMS-communication on speech literacy In 2007, humanity celebrated a round date - the 15th anniversary since the first SMS was sent on the network since the creation of the world. Especially for the anniversary, linguists conducted a study among lovers of communication through short test messages. And they came to a disappointing conclusion. It turned out that many teenagers - lovers of SMS - begin to forget their native language! Accustomed to mangling words, they forget about literacy not only in everyday speech, but also when doing educational work. Using abbreviations, text compression The volume of sms is limited, therefore, you need to figure out how to fit the maximum content into a minimum of characters. Text compression can occur at the expense of different language levels:
- graphic: right now<- сейчас, скока<- сколько.
- syntactic: elimination Me: Checkout two characters (me and space) shorter than I checkout; active use of verbless constructions - Me on the bus;
- morphological: food is shorter than I am leaving, I spoke shorter than I spoke, therefore, in all cases where these forms are more or less synonymous, the one in which there are fewer signs is preferable;
- Word-building: (both abbreviations specific to electronic communication and those existing outside of it are used): truncation - uni;
- Plaza - shopping and entertainment complex "Triumph Plaza"
- Repet - a tutor in any subject
- Vyhi - days off
- Go (go to the movies) - let's go somewhere
- For the preparation of this work, materials from the site http://sntbul.bmstu.ru/
- Melnikova A. I. The study of anglicisms in the course "Modern Russian language" .- ., 1999
- Explanatory dictionary of the modern Russian language. Language Changes at the End of the 20th Century, Astrel, 2005
- Internet resources
Yudintseva Svetlana Sergeevna,
teacher of Russian language and literature
highest qualification category
Creative projects
at the lessons of the Russian language and literature
Creativity is the moment of creation
future in the present.
Introduction
Recently, the word "project" has firmly entered our lives and is most often associated with bold and original undertakings in the field of intellectual or practical human activity, it symbolizes the novelty and non-standard approach to solving problems.
Project activity is a pedagogical technology focused on the application of factual knowledge and the acquisition of new knowledge through self-education. The method gives scope for the creative initiative of students and the teacher, implies their friendly cooperation, which creates a positive motivation for the child to study. "I know why I need what I learn. I know where and how to apply this knowledge." These words may well serve as a motto for project participants.
Among modern pedagogical technologies in recent years, the project activity of students is becoming increasingly popular, because. she is personally oriented; characterized by an increase in interest and involvement in the work as it is completed; allows to realize pedagogical goals at all stages; Allows you to learn from your own experience, on the implementation of a specific case; brings satisfaction to students who see the product of their own labor.
The purpose of project-based learning is to create conditions under which students:
1) independently and willingly acquire the missing knowledge from various sources;
2) learn to use the acquired knowledge to solve cognitive and practical problems;
3) acquire communication skills by working in groups;
4) develop their research skills (ability to identify problems, collect information, observe, generalize);
5) develop systems thinking.
Creative projects at Russian language lessons
In grades 5-6, I suggest that students create One word encyclopedia. This task is also performed with pleasure by students of grades 7-10.
Project type: creative.
Problem: we do not know the history of some words, their genealogy, but this is so interesting.
Why: there is a lot of information, but it is in various sources, which makes it difficult to work with the word.
What to do? Compile an encyclopedia of one word by collecting information about the word from various sources.
How? Using quasi-research activities
Result: collection of student work
First stage- immersion in the project. The teacher should arouse children's interest in the topic of the project, outline the problem field, placing emphasis on significance. The teacher, together with the students, will determine the goal and objectives of the project - finding ways to solve the problem of the project.
Second phase- planning work to solve the problems of the project. When determining tasks for each student, we use a differentiated and individual approach, taking into account the learning opportunities, interests, and inclinations of students. This also manifests the personality-oriented aspect of project activity.
Together with students, we draw up a rough plan for a one-word encyclopedia:
Meaning of the word
Origin of the word
Single-root words (close and distant relatives)
Synonyms (if any)
Antonyms (if any)
Phraseologisms and aphorisms with this word
The life of a word in dictionaries of foreign words (this task is interesting for high school students)
Interesting facts from the life of the word
Grammatical analysis of the word (phonetic, morphemic, morphological)
The life of a word in a sentence (syntactic analysis of the sentence in which the given word is included)
Life of this word in other dictionaries
The life of a word in folklore (proverbs, sayings, riddles, ditties)
The life of the word in literature (poetry, fairy tales, stories)
Crossword with this word
Acrostic, associations, rhymes
Illustrations for the word
The plan of the encyclopedia is approximate, and students can both subtract and add pages to their work.
Third stage- implementation of activities. It is at this stage that students show greater independence in the search for information on the topic, selection, analysis, systematization, generalization of the material. Of course, students must master all the methods and technologies that they use in independent work. The teacher constantly monitors whether the course of activity is proceeding normally, what is the level of independence, because when preparing a project, not only the result of the work is important, but also the process of acquiring new knowledge and skills.
Fourth stage- presentation of the project. It is at the presentation that a sense of completeness appears. This stage is necessary for the analysis of what has been done, self-assessment and assessment from the side, and demonstration of the results.
For the One Word Encyclopedia, the students choose their own words. In recent years, encyclopedias of words have been compiled: calendar, friendship, love, Motherland, birch, kitten, clock, musketeer, winter, worldview, teacher ...
After all individual projects have been submitted, it is the turn of the group project - the design of the collection "One Word Encyclopedia".
Undoubtedly, an important result of the work of students is the evaluation of the results, where the project participants share their opinions, the teacher evaluates the students' activity, creativity, quality and volume of the sources used.
Having considered in detail the work on one project, we will name the topics of other creative projects In Russian:
Collection of creative works "Joy of life". This is a printed edition of the best essays on various topics.
Project "Ode to the Book"
Collection of creative works "How our word will respond"
Projects "Diary of Santa Claus", "Winter fun"
Collection of creative works "Our favorite animals"
Name Encyclopedia
On literature the following creative projects are possible:
My Silver Age (Grade 11)
My Pushkin
Friendly, family and love relationships of the heroes of the novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace"
Project "Supporting abstracts" for literary works. For example, N.V. Gogol "Nevsky Prospekt": "Two roads from Nevsky Prospekt."
Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky said: "The impulse to creativity can fade away just as easily as it arose if left without food." Creative projects on the Russian language and literature are the very food for creativity.
Secondary members of the sentence
Verb in Russian in the topic of cooking
To be literate is fashionable!
Verb in Russian in the topic of cooking.
Noteworthy punctuation marks.
We call on the verb
Borrowing of foreign language affixes and their productivity
Borrowed words in Russian
Punctuation marks and their role in writing
Why are aliases needed?
Sounds argue: who is more important?
The study of the processes of formation of animal names as a condition for the development of the cognitive interest of schoolchildren
Names of students in grade 5
noun as a part of speech
Interesting ways of word formation
Historical phraseological units and their role in shaping the culture of speech of a modern person
What kind, tribe
Book and electronic dictionary. Pros and cons.
Vocabulary of the Russian language of our time
Linguistic tale about the participle
Linguistic tale about prefixes PRI- and PRE-
Linguistic analysis of street names
Linguistic magazine "Parade of letters of the Russian alphabet"
Mini-collection of proverbs "About the Motherland".
Mini-collection of proverbs "About the family".
Mini-collection of proverbs "About friendship".
Monograms in modern Russian
Write me a letter...
Our pets and Russian phraseology
Homonyms in Russian
Orthoepy
Fundamentals of telecommunications etiquette.
Where did the letter in Russia come from
Believe me, not so complicated sentence is complicated
The proverb is not in vain.
Educational vocabulary game
Portrait of one word "Horse"
Offers with appeal
Prefixes that go in pairs
The origin of the Russian language and the first orthograms.
Journey to the country "Syntax"
Topics of projects in the Russian language Grade 6
Each Russian language project topic for grade 6makes the student think and show creativity, while doing research work, learn to search for the necessary information, analyze it, and make comparisons.
"Colored" adjectives in the work of N.V. Gogol "Evenings on a farm near Dikanka".32 or 33? (about the letter Yo)
ABC of the native land
The emergence of Slavic writing in Russia.
The verb is the liveliest part of speech.
To speak correctly, beautifully prestigious!
To be literate is fashionable!
Borrowed vocabulary in the names of maritime modes of transport.
Borrowed vocabulary vocabulary in the names of colors
The study of literacy of schoolchildren within the same class
Adjectives in place names
Adjectives in the titles of works
Adjectives in plant names
Noun
Constructed languages
The history of the origin of the Russian surname.
The history of our writing
How does the Internet affect language?
How do social networks affect language?
How to teach literacy in Russia.
Red speech phraseological units
People and Manuscripts.
The place of the Russian language among other subjects in our school.
The world of school nicknames
Youth jargon & slang.
The name of a person's character traits in comparison with animals in Russian (sly, like a fox ...).
Our friends are dictionaries.
German borrowings in Russian.
Building words with prefixes
Formation of words by addition
Features of the language of SMS messages
Features of the language of modern media (on the example of a local newspaper, a news site on the Internet)
From the old alphabet to the modern alphabet
Where do adverbs come from?
Word Passport
Passport of the word "head"
By letter and spirit
Ordinals
Portrait of the word "soldier"
Adjectives denoting shades of color in Russian.
Adjectives denoting shades of color and formed from nouns.
The origin and meaning of the names of my classmates.
Journey to the City Adjective
Russian language in our life
Ways of greeting in our life.
Statistical portrait of the class
Stereotypical combinations of subject and predicate in literary texts.
Declensions in Old Russian
Types of speech errors of schoolchildren
The use of participles in texts of different styles.
Phraseologisms with numerical categories.
Phraseologisms - language nuggets
What is a good speech?
What's in my signature for you?
Encyclopedia of the word "Bogatyr"
Encyclopedia of the word "Cat"
Encyclopedia of the word "Utensils"
Encyclopedia of the word "Boots"
Encyclopedia of the word "Dog"
Encyclopedia of the word "Magpie"
Encyclopedia of the word "Teacher"
Encyclopedia of the word "orange"
The language of folklore.
Data topics of projects in the Russian language in the 7th grade imply exciting research activities of schoolchildren not only in the field of the rules of the Russian language, but also in other areas of human activity where knowledge of the Russian language is necessary.
The relationship of sciences. Mathematics in Russian.To speak correctly, beautifully prestigious!
To be literate is fashionable!
Dialects in Vyatka
Dialects of our village
Menagerie in which phraseological units live
Constructed languages
The use of Old Slavonicisms in the work of A.S. Pushkin.
History of proper names.
Culture of electronic communication
Laconism of prose: the functions of verbal vocabulary in a literary text (on the example of A.P. Chekhov's story "The Death of an Official")
Vocabulary of the Russian language. Youth jargon and its function.
Names of city objects in our speech.
German borrowings in Russian
Appeals in Russian speech etiquette.
Communication in the Online Age
Onomastics of the names of the shops of our city
Reflection of the names of Slavic pagan gods in the etymology of some words of the modern Russian language.
Reflection of the Russian national character in phraseological units
Reflection of the enthusiasm of adolescents in their speech.
Reflection of the pagan worldview of the Slavs in the language (phraseology, proverbs, sayings, onomastics).
Congratulations as a genre of speech
Congratulations as a genre of speech
Holiday of Service Parts of Speech
Transition of a word from one part of speech to another
Colloquial vocabulary in the fables of I.A. Krylov.
Rebuses - "gymnastics of the mind"
The most common word in Russian
Slavic alphabets, their origin and relationship.
Ural surnames.
What do our names mean?
This difficult simple letter "I".
The language of folklore.
Linguistic portrait of personality.
Linguistic features of advertising slogans.
The topics and topics of projects in the Russian language of the 8th grade are quite interesting in the study and are not straightforward.
The richness of Russian phraseologyIntroductory words and punctuation marks with them
Contribution of A.S. Pushkin in the development of the modern Russian language.
Vladimir Ivanovich Dal and his works
The influence of the media on the speech of a modern student.
The question of the origin of the terms "Rus", "Russia", "Russian" ...
Expression of the nominal part of the compound nominal predicate
Literacy is the key to a professional career.
Groups and signs of isolated minor members of the proposal.
Dialogue with text
What are the rules for?
For the purity of the Russian language!
Why is it necessary to study Russian?
Game in Russian language "Casting of TV presenters".
Studying the Russian language abroad as a way to familiarize yourself with the culture of Russia.
Proper names in proverbs and sayings.
The use of tracing lexical units in the speech of modern schoolchildren.
Study of one-part sentences.
History of writing.
How does the Internet affect language?
The key to the word "exclusive"
Linguistic errors in advertising: causes and purposes.
We will be smart!
The name of objects of material culture (clothing, footwear, household items, etc.) in Russian and their connection with the words of the primary languages.
Non-verbal means of communication
Indefinitely personal sentences
Generalizing words with homogeneous members and punctuation marks with them.
Separation of definitions and applications.
Separate definitions.
Separate sentence members in tables.
Appeal and punctuation marks with it
Homogeneous and heterogeneous definitions in tests.
Homogeneous members of the sentence and punctuation marks with them.
One-part and two-part sentences.
One-part sentences
One-part sentences in the work of the poet-countryman Mikhail Mokshin.
One-part sentences in the comedy by N.V. Gogol "Inspector"
One-part sentences with the main member of the predicate.
Features of the vocabulary (syntax) of electronic messages (letters, sms, etc.)
Features of the use of words with a figurative meaning.
Features of the language of SMS messages.
Proposals with introductory constructions.
Representations of the ancient Slavs about color and their reflection in language and literature.
The origin of people's surnames.
Psychological picture
Russian language… History, culture and pride
The most common word in Russian.
A collection of exercises on definitely personal proposals.
Predicate. Simple verb predicate
Declension of pronouns of the 2nd person.
The word "one" as a part of speech
Dictionary of obsolete words (based on the story of A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter").
The current state of the issue of the origin of writing among the Eastern Slavs.
Compound verbal predicates
Compound nominal predicates
Predicate types
Place names of my neighborhood
Lost letters of the Russian language.
Phraseologism as a fragment of the student's linguistic picture of the world.
School remarks
The language of folklore.
All of the listed topics of projects in the Russian language of the 9th grade are of a deeper nature and will be quite interesting in the student's own search and research activities.
Compiled below topics of research papers on the Russian language for grade 9 involve students conducting research not only within the subject of the Russian language, but also in literature, journalism, linguistics, foreign languages, political science, etc.
Compliance with orthoepic norms by schoolchildren.
Stylistic functions of synonyms (antonyms) in works of fiction.
Stylistic use of professional and terminological vocabulary in works of fiction.
The fate of the "great and mighty"
Similarities and differences in the names of dances in the current dictionaries of V.I. Dahl and S.I. Ozhegov.
Thematic groups of phraseologisms.
Types of polysemy in Russian and the hierarchy of meanings (direct and figurative).
Toponyms of Moscow and Moscow region.
The use of clericalism and clichés in the speech of my peers and people of the older generation.
Phraseologisms with a numeral component-name in Russian.
The Artistic Nature and Function of the Grotesque in Gogol's Petersburg Tales.
Purity of language
Stamps and stereotypes in modern public speech.
Etymology of the names of the months in the calendars of different peoples.
Advertising language.
Linguistic features of advertising texts.
Proper names in Russian proverbs and sayings.
Names, surnames, patronymics in different languages of the world.
Constructed languages
The category of time in English and Russian.
Number category of a noun in English and Russian.
The communicative function of the adolescent questionnaire
Vocabulary of family relationship (based on the Dahl dictionary)
Linguistic geography. How many languages are there in the world?
Names of city objects in our speech
Impersonal forms of the verb in English and Russian.
Appeals in Russian speech etiquette
Ways of learning the Russian language using the Internet.
Speech and etiquette.
Russian speech etiquette - greetings.
The power of the word (language as a means of influence).
Spheres of functioning of English borrowings in Russian.
Phraseological phrases characterizing a person
Encyclopedia of one word.
Linguistic manipulation in the field of advertising and the consumer.
The art of conversation.
The history of the emergence of Russian names.
History of the Russian alphabet.
Scientific discoveries of A.A. Shakhmotov.
Basic laws of orthoepy of the Russian language.
Features of the numeral as a part of speech.
The transition of nouns from proper to common nouns.
Reasons for borrowing in modern Russian.
Origin of Russian names.
The role of phraseological units in modern Russian.
The role of euphemisms in modern Russian.
Syntactic and lexical means of expressiveness.
Structural features of Russian metaphors.
Paths and functions.
The use of euphemisms in everyday speech.
functional styles.
Functioning of language means in communicative speech registers.
Etymology of phraseological units and popular expressions.
Language as a way of existence of culture. Sound and meaning (on the example of the analysis of one or two poems).
The concept... in the works of Russian literature (the experience of compiling a dictionary).
Proper names in proverbs and sayings.
History of cases. Prepositions and cases.
History of participles and participles.
How to teach literacy in Russia.
Lexical components of the image of St. Petersburg in the prose of F.M. Dostoevsky.
Lexical components of the image of the Motherland in the lyrics of S. Yesenin.
Linguistic and aesthetic features of the Futurists' "verbalism".
Linguistic errors are all around us.
Linguistic geography. How many languages are there in the world?
People and Manuscripts.
The place and role of neologisms and occasionalisms in the lyrics of V. Mayakovsky.
The name of objects of material culture (clothing, footwear, household items, etc.) in Russian and their connection with the words of the primary languages.
Some questions of the culture of speech of the modern Russian language.
Features of precedent heading texts (on the material of the newspaper "Zapolyarnaya Pravda").
Features of the syntactic structure of M. Tsvetaeva's poems.
Peculiarities of the "skaz" language in the works of M. Zoshchenko.
Features of the language of "skaz" in the works of N.S. Leskov.
Where do adverbs come from?
Reflection of the pagan worldview of the Slavs in the language (phraseology, proverbs, sayings, onomastics).
Representations of the ancient Slavs about time and their reflection in language and literature.
Representations of the ancient Slavs about color and their reflection in language and literature.
Origin of interjections.
The role of phraseological units in the Russian language.
The role of participles in works of fiction.
The originality of the speech characteristics of characters in the dramatic works of A.P. Chekhov.
Declensions in Old Russian.
Slavic alphabets, their origin and relationship.
Empty words.
Word-building types of complex Russian surnames.
The current state of the issue of the origin of writing among the Eastern Slavs.
Phraseological units and idioms in Russian
Functioning of one-component sentences in texts of different styles of the Russian literary language.
The expediency of using borrowed vocabulary in the language of the media.
What is a good speech?
Experiments in the field of the word (on the material, fiction, journalistic literature, the language of the media and the Internet ...).
Etymology of words-exceptions from the rules of Russian spelling.
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