Fixed
formwork Warm
ceramics

Comparison of various materials and their combinations in terms of thermal conductivity:

What to build a house from?

Before starting construction, you need to decide what a country house is for. Conventionally, country houses can be divided into two broad categories.

Seasonal houses. They are designed mainly for the summer period of residence and for an ambient temperature of 0 ... -5 ° С. The walls of such houses are made in a frame design, from a bar with a thickness of 100 - 150 mm, from rounded logs of small (up to 220 mm) diameters. Due to the low level of protection of the walls of such a house from heat loss, the cost of construction is low.

Some typical wall options for such houses:

Houses for permanent residence. The name speaks for itself and implies constant heating in the winter. They are designed for outdoor temperatures down to -30°C. Such houses can be both wooden and stone.

The walls of wooden houses for year-round use are made of profiled or sawn timber from 200 mm and above, with or without insulation, from rounded or chopped logs 240 - 280 mm.

Stone houses of permanent residence are also built using different technologies: monolithic houses in fixed formwork, stone houses from gas blocks (gas silicate blocks), bricks, warm ceramics, expanded clay concrete blocks.

Typical wall designs for permanent residences:

You can read more about the energy efficiency of various building materials in the article. Thermal characteristics of wall materials.

Choosing a building material

Wooden house usually chosen by people who prioritize the environmental friendliness of the building. In such a house, it is most pleasant to take a break from a hard working week, get enough sleep, get psychological relaxation. Wooden walls maintain a very comfortable atmosphere for a person - the optimal level of humidity and air exchange. Stone house, first of all, a practical choice. Minimal operating costs, low heat loss and long service life are the factors that make you think about building such a home. Combined house- a house that allows you to combine the practicality of a stone house with the light atmosphere of a wooden one. The stone first floor provides space for practical solutions and design experiments, and in the bedrooms of the wooden second floor, sleep will be strong and pleasant. General comparative characteristics of materials are summarized in two tables. The tables contain general information, not technical coefficients and parameters, which, in case of interest, are not difficult to find. Table 1.

Material	+	-
	Light weight (600 - 900 kg / m3) allows the use of a light, shallow foundation. The material is environmentally friendly, acts as a natural filter in the room. The ability to leave the inner and outer surface of the walls without additional finishing. Possibility of year-round construction, wide architectural possibilities, attractive appearance. Price.	Fire hazard, biological attack, wood shrinkage, cracking, lower durability compared to stone houses, lower heat transfer resistance of the wall.
Warm ceramics	High degree of protection against fire, low exposure to weathering, no biological attack, high structural strength, durability, good vapor permeability.	The desirability of using foundations poured to the depth of soil freezing. Internal wall decoration is required, restrictions on the construction of walls in the winter. The complexity of attaching heavy hinged structures to hollow walls. Sufficiently large wall thickness - 51cm (without insulation). High price.
Monolithic houses (in fixed formwork)	Short construction time. Savings in the construction of foundations. Savings on the cost of wall materials. High thermal performance of the walls. Expanded polystyrene is an environmentally friendly material that does not contain substances that feed microorganisms. Durability and reliability of monolithic walls. High seismic resistance. High resistance of the structure to destruction on floating foundations.	Not a natural eco-friendly material. Wall decoration required. For plaster, special expensive materials are used - "wet plaster".
gas silicate blocks (gas blocks)	Good vapor permeability, high heat capacity. Does not emit any harmful substances into the atmosphere. Good frost resistance and durability.	Requires more complex foundations compared to monolithic houses. Difficulty of attaching heavy hinged structures to fragile walls made of gas blocks. Inability to work in winter.

Table 2.

materials	Thermal conductivity	Reliability	Environmental friendliness	Exploitation	Foundation cost	Fire safety	Vapor-air-permeability
Beam and log	*	**	***	*	***	*	***
gas silicate block	**	**	**	***	**	***	**
Foam block	*	*	**	**	**	***	**
Monolith in fixed formwork	***	***	**	***	**	**	*
Warm ceramics (porous brick)	**	**	***	***	*	***	**

Some additions.

To maintain normal heat and humidity conditions in a brick house, it must be constantly heated. If the house has not been used in winter, then in the spring it will have to be thoroughly heated before it warms up and the rooms become dry. A house made of wood or a monolithic house built using fixed formwork technology does not require heating during the winter.

The construction of a heavy foundation and thick brick walls is significantly more expensive compared to building a wooden cottage or building a monolithic house.

In a wooden house more intensive exchange and purification of air. Up to 30% of the air per day can change through a log or timber indoors, and the unique properties of these materials allow in dry weather to release accumulated moisture, and in damp weather, on the contrary, to absorb its excess from the living space. That is why wooden houses are distinguished by a special microclimate and a high level of comfort. Wood is a very living material. Even after the log house, it continues to breathe, radiate heat energy, exude the aroma of resin. Wooden houses give people bioenergetic nourishment, heal them, have a positive effect on the human nervous system.

Construction of a monolithic house with fixed formwork gives creative scope to the most daring architectural ideas. In this material, you can bring to life any architectural forms - from a warm garage for an iron pet, to the floating lines of a small country residence. And the heating of the building can be proud of the neighbors - it is so economical.

A house made of warm ceramics is a combination of durability, reliability and environmental friendliness. The walls of such a house will stand for more than one hundred years, paying off their rather high cost. A house made of such blocks does not need additional insulation (with a wall thickness of 51 cm). The use of natural clay as a basis for ceramic blocks guarantees the absence of any chemical impurities in the air. Such a house is a long-term investment in which more than one generation of descendants will live.

So decide!! If your choice is in favor of a cozy wooden house or you are attracted by the reliability and durability of a stone house - contact our construction company, we will help you choose a project from the catalog, or develop a new one to suit your needs.

WOODEN HOUSING

Which tree is best?

Many developers are faced with the question of what kind of wood to build a house from. During the construction of a wooden house from time immemorial, preference was given to coniferous trees - larch, pine and spruce. Not without reason there was a saying among the people: “The hut of the spruce, but the heart is great!”
The best-known material for timber construction is pine. It has a hard, resin-impregnated core and a looser
upper part. Of all conifers, pine is most often used in construction. It is distinguished by the greatest straightness of the trunk, the minimum number of knots and good technical properties. Pine has a high resistance to decay, but often (especially in July-August) with high humidity it tends to "turn blue". Blue in itself does not change the physical and mechanical properties of wood, but spoils the appearance. Pine is the main material for the construction of wooden houses, both in our country and in Europe (in particular, in Finland).

No less popular building material is spruce. The physical characteristics of these rocks are very close. Spruce has a stronger outer skin but a softer core. When dry, spruce wood is as strong as pine wood. Spruce is more prone to decay, but turns blue much less. On the world market, spruce is valued higher than pine.

Another building material (almost perfect) is larch, which has a unique, only inherent pattern. Larch is stronger, denser and practically unaffected by moisture, but it is more difficult to process than pine and splits easily. Therefore, larch is ideal as a wall material, but is not used for structural material (beams, valleys, rafters, puffs, etc.). However, this material is relatively expensive and not available to everyone.

What are the walls made of?

Our construction company offers a wide range of building materials for your home or bath. Let's look at their main types.

Technological material that requires a minimum of manual labor when building a house, as the house is assembled according to the principle of a constructor. All necessary operations with rounded logs are performed at the place of production, in particular, the choice of mounting cups and landing channel in rounded logs.

The advantage of a rounded log is its even, rounded shape, which makes it possible to achieve a dense connection of logs. The diameter of rounded logs ranges from 160 to 320 mm. And due to the same diameter and high quality of surface treatment, rounded logs do not require wall finishing.

Advantages of building houses and baths from logs:

Accuracy in the production of rounded logs and their marking speeds up the assembly of buildings and reduces construction costs;

The beautiful appearance of rounded logs due to the high quality and cleanliness of the surface treatment makes it possible to do without additional wall decoration inside and outside;

The tightness of the crown and corner joints of the logs is ensured by the technological accuracy of the groove and "cups";

Aesthetic appeal of buildings built using logs.

2. Hand-hewn logs up to 40 cm in diameter
For manual cutting, environmentally friendly, high-quality wood (spruce, pine, larch) is used, not infected with woodworm and fungus, with a moisture content of 45-60%. It is quite easy to process and deforms less when natural drying in assembled form. Logs undergo manual processing: removal of bark, proteza, selection of cups and grooves, processing with a planer. With this treatment, the upper solid protective layer of the log (“sapwood”) is preserved. Hand-hewn logs are less deformed during the aging process. Corner joints between logs are made into a "bowl" or "paw", the crowns are fastened with wooden spikes (nagel) after 1000 - 1500 mm, all logs are treated with an antiseptic. Such houses are warmer than those assembled from rounded logs, their walls are less prone to cracking. And with high-quality processing of logs, the appearance of such houses is not much inferior to houses made of logs.
If you like the old Russian or Finnish style of houses - this is your stuff!

A house made of profiled timber is an island of comfort and coziness in the world of concrete jungle. A wooden house will delight its owner with a very comfortable indoor atmosphere - after all wood is an excellent natural conditioner , maintaining air exchange and humidity at a very comfortable level for a person.
In the manufacture of profiled timber, a high purity of the treated surface is achieved, so the wood becomes almost polished, which makes it possible not to use additional materials for the interior decoration of a wooden house, and therefore avoid unnecessary costs. Unlike log walls, the walls in a cottage made of profiled timber are even, o facilitates possible finishing, arrangement of furniture, use of wall cabinets.
Currently, many prefer this particular material. The ratio "price-quality" is optimal here. Cottages made of profiled timber are very modern, look great, keep temperature fluctuations well, which is very important for the regions of central Russia.
The construction of houses and cottages from profiled timber is a technological process that includes the processing of material on a machine tool, the preparation of a “cup” with a double lock. Pre-assembly at home in the workshop is possible, which ensures particularly high assembly accuracy. The final assembly includes the erection of a log house at the construction site, drilling and fixing the timber with dowels.
In the construction of cottages and country houses from profiled timber, our company uses material produced by one of the company's departments.

4. Ordinary sawn (unplaned) timber
This is the cheapest building material made of wood. The sawn timber used for the construction of the well of a wooden house is made of an equilateral section (150x150mm, 200x200mm), or a versatile section (from 150x100 mm). In construction, either simply sawn timber is used, or planed (on one or two sides). Basically, an ordinary beam with a section of 150x150, 200x150, 200x200 mm is used for the construction of country houses (optimal ratio: price / quality), and a larger one - for the construction of cottages with subsequent insulation and finishing with other facing materials.
However, we must not forget that a simple bar does not have a thermal lock. Because of this, it is difficult to insulate it, because. the blowing coefficient will be several times higher than that of a wall made of a properly made log or profiled beam. In any case, after 1 - 1.5 years (after the shrinkage of the log house), it is necessary to carefully caulk the seams between the beams and sheathe the walls with finishing materials both inside and outside (lining, saiting, etc.). All these activities absorb the savings obtained by purchasing the timber itself. The benefit here is one thing - such a house can be built (and, therefore, invested in it) in stages, with a stretch over time.

Naturally, with any option for building a wooden house, antiseptic treatment of the walls with special compounds and paints should be implied, protecting the wood from turning blue, putrefactive disease, mold and woodworm beetles.

TECHNOLOGIES OF THE XXI CENTURY: Monolithic houses in fixed formwork

In today's world, where prices for building materials, as well as electricity, gas and fuel are growing rapidly, the question of the cost-effectiveness of building cottages is quite seriously raised, and in the process of operation - savings on heating and air conditioning houses.
For this reason, we propose technology of monolithic housing construction "Izodom" (using non-removable formwork made of expanded polystyrene). This technology for thermal protection, sound insulation, comfort, simplicity and speed of construction, as well as durability refers to the advanced technologies in the field of construction and is designed for the rapid construction of warm, reliable and inexpensive homes.
This technology has been tested for many years in the USA, Canada and Western Europe, confirming the profitability and durability of this system, and in recent years it has become popular in Russia. The sphere of application of Izodom technology is the construction of cottages, rural houses and summer cottages; construction of shops, cafes; multi-storey residential buildings; warm individual pools, garages and much more.

What gives developers the Izodom technology (monolithic houses)?

Reduced construction time. When using traditional materials (such as brick), building a house stretches for a long time. If you build using the Izodom technology, the same wall area is built several times faster.
savings when constructing foundations, since Izodom walls create a much lower specific load on the foundation. For such a house, it is recommended to install a shallow foundation.
Savings on the cost of wall materials. The cost per square meter of the Izodom wall is significantly lower than the cost of a brick wall, similar in terms of heat saving.
Benefit from obtaining additional usable area, since the thickness of the walls of "IZODOM" is much less than the thickness of walls made of other building materials, similar in terms of heat-saving capacity.
High thermal performance of walls- this is a way to avoid high costs for the purchase of expensive heating equipment, transportation of fuel, time and labor costs for its operation. The cost of heating the IZODOM building will be 3-4 times less compared to a brick building.

How cottages are built from monolithic concrete.

The modules of the Izodom system are hollow polystyrene blocks with a density of 25-27 kg/m3, which are joined together like parts of a children's designer. Fixed formwork modules have cavities that are reinforced and filled with concrete during the construction process, and a special the design of the locks allows you to quickly and accurately connect the blocks. Thus, a monolithic wall is constructed, framed on the inside and outside with a heat and sound insulating shell of expanded polystyrene. Thanks to this wall construction, houses built using fixed formwork are strong, light and very warm. The thickness of the wall is selected depending on the purpose of the building, as well as the temperature parameters of the construction region.
The internal partitions of the house can be made from the same blocks, as well as from any other traditional materials. During the construction of buildings, you can use any type of floors - monolithic floors, concrete slabs or classic wooden floor structures.
For exterior wall decoration, plaster, siding, facing brick or stone can be used. Interior decoration can carried out using plaster or plasterboard. The undoubted advantage of a house built using this technology is that the walls, both internal and external, have a very even surface, therefore, an economical thin layer of plaster is needed to finish the walls. In addition, it is very easy to lay electrical wiring in such walls.
Expanded polystyrene is environmentally friendly (97% air and 3% material) and is even used for food packaging. It does not contain substances that feed microorganisms, i.e. not subject to the destructive effects of rodents, mold and bacteria. In addition, it does not burn if there is no prolonged exposure to the flame (more than 2.5 hours).

Technical parameters of the walls.

Wall thickness - 25, 30 or 35 cm, where 15 cm is concrete, the rest (respectively - 10, 15 or 20 cm) is polystyrene foam.

The weight of walls without finishing is 400 kg/m2.
Concrete consumption - about 125 liters per square meter of wall.
Thermal conductivity coefficient - L0=0.036 W/mK, excluding exterior and interior finishes.
The fire resistance limit of the wall is 2.5 hours.
Vapor permeability - 0.032 mg / (m.ch. Pa).
Water absorption in 24 hours, by volume - 0.1%.
Acoustic isolation - 46 dB.

Fire safety:

The fire hazard class of the load-bearing wall is K0 (the fire spread limit is 0)
The fire resistance limit of the load-bearing wall is at least 155 min.**

* According to the conclusion of the State Unitary Enterprise "NIIMosstroy"
** According to the tests of the center of the Federal State Institution VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia

Whatever material you choose to build your house - we will be happy to help the future homeowner decide on a project or develop an individual one, discuss materials and finishes, and build STRONG HOUSE according to your wishes, tastes and possibilities.

Read the article to the end and you will find out: what materials are best used today to build the walls of a house, what are their advantages and disadvantages. And also: at the end of the article - interesting reader poll regarding this issue.

Let's see what houses are built from today. More specifically, what materials are used to build the walls. We will present the information “without water” and structured. First, consider the most popular building materials, and then - those that are used less frequently.

Of course, each material has its pros and cons. Therefore, we will also talk about this. So…

Popular materials for building walls at home

There are many. Let's start with the most proven and reliable option.

Ceramic brick (red)

Made from clay - an environmentally friendly material. Firing gives it a red color, and also improves strength properties.

Previously, houses were built mainly of brick. And they performed well. We can say briefly about this material: this is a classic ... Time-tested.

Pros of red brick:

• high strength;
• reliability;
• the ability to withstand heavy loads for a long time.

Cons of brick:

• high cost of the material;
• complex and expensive masonry (highly skilled workers are required);
• relatively large construction time.

Red brick houses are always in price. They are reliable, durable, warm enough (with a wall thickness of 60 cm or more). Such a house after construction and after 25 years can be sold at a good price. Because brick houses serve for 100 years.

Ceramic blocks (porous ceramics)

Modern material for the walls of the house. In fact, the same red brick, only with numerous voids. It is made by firing the same clay. However, this creates voids in the material, which significantly improve its thermal insulation properties. In addition, sawdust is added to the raw material during production. When fired, they burn out, due to which microscopic pores are formed.

Advantages of porous ceramics:

• excellent thermal insulation properties;
• ecological cleanliness;
• large-format blocks (laying is done quite quickly);
• less weight (and therefore less load on the foundation).

Disadvantages:

• high price;
• reduced bearing capacity and strength (compared to solid ceramic bricks);
• increased fragility (especially noticeable during transportation, loading / unloading);
• easily absorbs moisture.

By the way, one point should be noted regarding the strength characteristics ... Manufacturers often claim that porous ceramic blocks (used for the construction of load-bearing walls) correspond in strength to M100 concrete. For example, you can often hear that "the strength is the same as that of a regular solid red brick." However… in practice this does not always work out. Different manufacturers have different strength of porous ceramics. Therefore, when buying, you need to be vigilant.

Despite the shortcomings, now this material is very popular. It is used for the construction of luxury houses.

aerated concrete

The material is a kind of cellular concrete. Produced from quartz sand, cement, special blowing agents. In addition, lime, gypsum, as well as slag and other industrial waste are used. The output is a material with an open porous structure (pore diameter is approximately equal to 1...3 mm).

Advantages of aerated concrete:

• small mass;
• low thermal conductivity;
• ease of machining;
• good strength;
• relatively low price.

Disadvantages of aerated concrete:

• strongly absorbs moisture (due to the open porous structure);
• increased fragility (a reliable foundation is required to exclude even small subsidence).

Now the popularity of aerated concrete is at its height. Indeed, for a relatively small price, you can get a warm and quite durable house. Due to the low thermal conductivity, it is possible to build walls of much thinner thickness than, for example, in the case of red brick. This further reduces the cost of masonry material. In addition, the labor cost of workers is noticeably lower. Aerated concrete houses are built relatively easily and quickly.

foam concrete

Also a type of cellular concrete. Unlike aerated concrete, this material has a closed porous structure. It is made from sand, cement, foaming agent and water.

The production technology of foam concrete is quite simple. The production does not require expensive equipment. And I must say that this fact gives not only a plus, but also adds an important minus: there is a lot of foam concrete on the market made by dubious private firms (handicraft production). Accordingly, the quality of such material cannot be high.

Advantages of foam concrete:

• light weight;
• good thermal insulation properties;
• ease of processing (easy to drill, saw);
• due to the closed porous structure (the pores are closed), foam concrete does not absorb moisture as much as aerated concrete.

Disadvantages of foam concrete:

• poor vapor permeability (walls "do not breathe", a good ventilation system is required);
• almost does not work on bending;
• over time, it shrinks significantly (which means cracking is possible).

Despite significant disadvantages, foam concrete is used for the construction of residential buildings. Also, this material is used for sound and heat insulation - walls, roofs, floors, etc.

Wood

Natural material, time-tested. Wood houses have been built since ancient times. This material has not lost its popularity even today.

Moreover, there are different technologies for the construction of wooden houses. So, they can be built from a log house (the old method) - when the trunks are cut to the required length, locks and grooves are made in them, and then they are laid, creating walls.

There is also a method of construction from rounded beams. In this case, the logs in production are processed to a smooth surface, marked. In this case, the bars can be planed, sawn, glued.

Advantages of wood:

• relatively affordable price (compared to other expensive materials);
• ecological cleanliness;
• excellent thermal insulation characteristics;
• aesthetic and attractive appearance;
• no need to build a strong foundation;
• a sufficiently long service life (with proper construction and care) - naturally, different types of wood have different wear resistance;
• ease of machining.

Disadvantages of wood:

Despite the shortcomings, houses built of wood have been and will always be in price. It is pleasant to be in a wooden house, it is easy to breathe. It is cozy and comfortable. In a word, wood.

shell rock

This is an absolutely environmentally friendly material, completely natural origin. The rock of this stone is porous, carbonate. It consists of pressed shells. Hence the name - "shell rock" (also called "shell rock", "limestone").

The stone is different in density, shape, type and number of shells that form its basis. Accordingly, the strength, aesthetic and other characteristics of different shells can vary greatly.

However, in general, the following can be said about the pros and cons of this stone.

Shell rock benefits:

• complete ecological cleanliness (surpasses even wood, as it requires impregnation with special protective substances);
• does not accumulate radiation (usually it is below the sensitivity level of measuring instruments);
• relatively low price (except for delivery);
• high construction speed (for example, it can be sawn into blocks 490 × 240x188 mm in size);
• dense stone has a fairly high strength (suitable for the construction of load-bearing walls).

Disadvantages of shell rock:

• increased ability to absorb moisture (especially for porous and low-strength stone) - higher than that of ceramic bricks;
• the dimensions of the blocks are inaccurate, significant deviations are often observed (due to the fact that the blocks are not stamped, but cut out);
• in terms of thermal conductivity, it is inferior to brick, aerated concrete, wood and some other materials;
• often there is heterogeneity in density and strength (the material is completely natural origin).

The attitude of people to this stone is ambiguous. In some regions, most of the houses are built from this stone. In others, they practically do not build because of the existing significant shortcomings and give preference to other building materials for building walls. Of course, this is also due to the fact that the delivery of stone to some regions can be expensive and unprofitable.

Other building materials for building walls

Now let's list what is used less often. And there are advantages here too.

Expanded clay concrete

It is made by pressing from a mixture of water, sand, cement and expanded clay (which is made from clay). Additionally, voids of various volumes and shapes (for example, rectangular, cylindrical) can be made in blocks.

Masonry is usually performed using a reinforcing mesh (after 3-4 rows).

Advantages of expanded clay concrete:

• low thermal conductivity;
• good strength (higher than, for example, aerated concrete);
• relatively low price;
• environmental cleanliness (in fact, the basis is clay);
• small mass (due to the presence of a porous and lightweight material - expanded clay);
• manufacturing technology is quite simple (you can make it yourself);
• durability (tested by time);
• good vapor permeability (walls "breathe").

Cons of expanded clay concrete:

• Increased water absorption (need waterproofing, protection from external atmospheric influences);
• Requires a solid foundation;
• The presence of cold bridges (it is problematic to make thin seams due to significant deviations in the size of the blocks);
• There is a material of "handicraft" production with low quality (due to the simplicity of manufacturing technology).

It should also be noted that expanded clay concrete is quite versatile. Suitable for both the construction of load-bearing walls in low-rise construction, and for the construction of partitions, floors, ceilings. This material is often used simply as a heater.

Arbolit

Refers to lightweight concrete. Another name is also used - wood concrete blocks. Cement, water, organic aggregates, chemical additives are used for manufacturing. Moreover, different materials can be used as fillers (80-90% of the total volume) - wood chips (often), flax or hemp fire, cotton stalks, etc.

Chemical additives are used to eliminate the negative impact of organic matter on the cement hardening process. It can be: liquid glass, calcium chloride, aluminum sulfate, etc.

Arbolite advantages:

• environmental friendliness;
• low thermal conductivity (you can do without a heater);
• good fire resistance (does not support combustion, and when exposed to fire it only chars);
• the speed of building walls (blocks of sufficiently large sizes);
• high bending strength (has the ability to restore shape after exposure to loads - due to the presence of wood particles);
• a powerful foundation is not required (as, for example, for aerated concrete);
• you can easily screw screws into the walls, hammer in nails (they hold securely).

Disadvantages of wood concrete:

• protection from moisture is required (due to the presence of organic substances in the composition);
• in some regions the material is difficult to find;
• the price can be clearly overstated by the manufacturer (therefore, making wood concrete with your own hands is popular).

In general, we can say that this is a pretty good building material for building walls. Moreover, if you wish, you can make it yourself.

It is used for low-rise buildings (usually up to 3 floors). It can be both residential buildings and commercial buildings.

cinder block

This stone is produced by vibrocompression or natural shrinkage of cinder concrete mortar is used. The binder is cement, the filler is slag from metallurgical production.

However, it must be emphasized right away that at present it is customary to consider all stones that are made by vibrocompression from concrete mortar as cinder blocks. As a filler, in addition to slag, granite screenings, broken bricks, hardened cement, cullet, etc. can also be used.

In this case, the resulting blocks can be both full-bodied and with voids (which, in turn, can be of different shapes and sizes).

Advantages of cinder block:

• does not burn;
• not afraid of temperature changes;
• long service life (about 100 years);
• affordable price;
• good sound insulation;
• retains heat well (due to the porous structure), although it is inferior in this regard to some other materials (for example, aerated concrete);
• high strength;
• building walls is easier than, for example, laying bricks (the block sizes are much larger).

Cons of cinder block:

• Hygroscopic (capable of absorbing moisture by 75%) - waterproofing is needed;
• The walls still need to be insulated;
• The composition may contain substances of dubious origin that can have a toxic effect on the human body (production waste makes itself felt);
• the environmental friendliness of the blocks depends on the integrity of the manufacturer;
• the high strength of the material makes it difficult to lay cables and pipes in it;
• the walls have an unpresentable appearance (therefore, finishing is required).

In general, we can say that cinder block is a good material for building walls. It is also used for laying the foundation, building partitions.

However, many are stopped by the question of harmfulness. Therefore, for residential buildings, they often prefer to use other options - brick, aerated concrete, etc. A cinder block - for outbuildings, garages, fences.

Building materials for the walls of the house: draw conclusions

As you can see, today the market offers many options for solving this issue. The house can be built the way you want - not only in appearance, but also in terms of thermal insulation, strength and other characteristics.

Therefore, choose the best material for building the walls of the house and ... for work.

And now, as promised, a survey among our readers.

Poll

What is better to build the walls of the house? How do you think?

Anyone who wants to build a house for himself is concerned about the question of what material to choose for building walls. After all, the strength, durability and comfort of the home depend on it.

The choice of wall material directly affects the cost of building a house.

To choose a wall material that is "up to you", we will turn to FORUMHOUSE specialists for clarification.

Where does the choice of wall material begin?

Aerated concrete or warm ceramics, timber, wood concrete or frame technology ... Any novice developer, when choosing a material for building a house for permanent residence, is faced with an abundance of conflicting information. It seems that there are so many materials that choosing the right one seems an impossible task. We have to narrow the scope of the search and select exactly what is needed!

According to a forum user with a nickname abysmo, it is enough to understand just ten things to decide whether to build a house. Namely:

1. What kind of housing do you plan to build - for permanent residence or for short-term visits;
2. What requirements do you impose on the strength and environmental safety of the wall material;
3. How quickly do you want to move in;
4. What fuel is planned to be heated;
5. What will the operation cost?
6. How much are you willing to spend on construction?
7. What building materials are available in your area;
8. Is it possible to carry out independent work, or will workers be involved;
9. What building technologies and means of mechanization are available in your region of residence;
10. Are you considering the possibility of selling the building on the secondary market.

There are no universal wall materials suitable for every project. A large or small area, the characteristics of the region of residence, climate, personal preferences require the use of their materials.

Construction consultant's opinion Romana Nikonova:

- When choosing wall materials, it is necessary to take into account a number of technological features and protective properties of the material: fire resistance, durability, thermal conductivity. In addition, you should be guided by your feelings - whether you like the material or not.

In the conditions of central Russia, the walls should provide good thermal protection. They must also be strong enough to withstand the weight of floors, roofs, snow and wind loads.

Snow in the conditions of the Moscow suburbs is capable of giving a load of up to 180 kg per 1 sq.m. roof surfaces. Do not forget about the fire resistance of structures.

The point of view of the expert of our forum Alexey Melnikov(nickname on the forum Lyokhin ):

- If building codes and technologies are violated, even modern and expensive wall material can be damaged.

And vice versa - a competent approach and careful planning allow, with a very limited budget, to build a reliable, practical and not so small comfortable house for permanent residence.

For your information: the cost of building a box (relative to the total construction budget) usually does not exceed 20-30%.

The following example is illustrative:

If the house is planned to be operated in the "cottage" mode, then it is not cost-effective to build stone walls for the following reasons:

1. Economic component. If the stone housing has cooled down, then upon arrival it needs a long heating. It is unprofitable to do for the sake of one or two trips a week.
2. operational component. Irregular heating of a stone structure in winter negatively affects its durability.

What house to build. O features of wall materials

Among the most famous materials used in the construction of walls, the following can be distinguished:

• brick and warm ceramics;
• foam concrete and aerated concrete;
• wood;
• frame technologies;
• arbolit.

Consider their main features.

1. Brick and warm ceramics

The advantages of this material:

1. Strength - denoted by the letter "M". The number after the letter indicates how much load the brick can withstand. This value is expressed in kg per 1 sq.cm.

2. Durability. Brick buildings are among the most durable.

3. Environmental friendliness. Bricks are based on clay, sand and water. Due to its structure, the brick passes air well. Therefore, a favorable microclimate is established in the room, and excess moisture is removed outside. In addition, the walls accumulate heat well and then give it to the inside of the room.

4. High frost resistance. The higher the frost resistance, the more durable the building. Frost resistance is the ability of a building material to withstand freezing and thawing in a water-saturated state. The frost resistance of the material is indicated by the letter F. The numbers after the letter indicate the number of freeze and thaw cycles that the material can withstand without losing its qualities.

5. Aesthetics. A cottage built of brick can be made in any architectural style, and the masonry technology itself has been worked out for decades.

6. High degree of sound insulation. Brick walls dampen both street and interior noise well.

Despite a number of undoubted advantages, a simple brick also has significant drawbacks.

Alexey Melnikov:

- Traditional ceramic bricks with a size of 250x120x65 mm do not meet modern thermal standards.

Calculations show that the required thickness of homogeneous brick walls (even for the southern latitudes of our country) is at least 1 meter.

It is possible to build a house for permanent residence with such a wall thickness, but it is not economically feasible. Therefore, the brick received its further development - in the form of such a modern solution as warm ceramics.

Roman Nikonov:

– Ceramic block, or porous ceramics, is a high-tech clay-based material.

Thanks to the smallest pores filled with air, ceramic stone is very warm and has high mechanical strength. The dimensions of a block of warm ceramics exceed the dimensions of a standard brick by several times, which increases the laying speed. But warm ceramics is a rather fragile material. Therefore, for fixing any structures in a wall made of a ceramic block, it is necessary to use special anchors.

Alexander Toporov(nickname on the forum 44alex) :

– Warm ceramics have a thin-walled structure, so it is not easy to fix any heavy objects on it, and an expensive special tool is required for its sawing. After laying warm ceramics, it should either be plastered from the outside, or additionally fill the vertical seams. Before buying a ceramic stone, I recommend paying attention to the geometry of the blocks and making sure that there are no cracks.

When chasing and drilling walls made of warm ceramics, you need to be very careful, otherwise you can split the block.

The main disadvantages of brick:

• 1. High construction cost. Brick is an expensive building material, which leads to an increase in construction costs;
• 2. The large mass of a building built of brick requires the laying of a carefully calculated, powerful and expensive foundation;
• 3. Seasonality of construction works.

Wet processes (preparation of building mixtures and mortars based on water) impose restrictions or make it impossible to lay bricks in winter.

2. Foam and aerated concrete

Today, gas and foam concrete blocks are the most common materials for building walls. This is due to a good balance in the price-quality ratio.

Alexey Melnikov:

– The advantages of such blocks are their relatively low thermal conductivity (as a result, high thermal resistance), high fire and bioresistance, ease of processing with hand and portable power tools, as well as their lightness.

It was these qualities that allowed the user of our forum with the nickname Dimastik25 independently, in one hand from aerated concrete.

- I chose aerated concrete, because it makes it possible to carry out laying independently, without the involvement of auxiliary forces.

The size of the block allows it to be laid by one person, but due to the large format of the block, the work is done quite simply, quickly and without unnecessary labor.

Even an unprepared person will be able to lay blocks on their own. There is no need to mix a large amount of cement-sand mortar, the laying is carried out on a fairly thin layer of glue. Also a significant plus is the uniformity of the wall, a large selection of blocks and their good geometry.

Alexander Toporov:

- Gas silicate is easy to process, it is easy to saw. Various armored belts, lintels, arches, etc. are also easily organized.

One of the main advantages of gas and foam concrete as a wall material is their good heat and noise insulation, which leads to lower heating and insulating costs.

Aerated concrete blocks are produced by large enterprises. Therefore, the quality of such materials corresponds to the declared characteristics, and geometric deviations are minimal.

But this material is not without drawbacks.

Alexey Melnikov:

- Gas and foam concrete blocks are a very fragile material. Low bending strength requires the use of a relatively expensive and powerful foundation (usually a monolithic reinforced concrete slab), as well as additional reinforcement elements - armored belts.

Foam concrete, although it costs less than aerated concrete, can be produced by the so-called "garage" methods. Therefore, when buying it, you must carefully consider the issue of choosing a supplier and not chase the lowest price.

You can familiarize yourself with all and.

3. Wooden houses

Wood is a classic building material, but despite its ubiquity, it also has a number of advantages and disadvantages.

Roman Nikonov:

- The wooden house breathes, is beautiful. This is a very flexible, “homemade”, versatile material, easy to transport and install. But it is less durable than stone.

Because when building a log house, there are no wet processes, then such a house can be built at any time of the year.

Starting a construction site, we think about which log is better to build a house for permanent residence. Experts believe that it is better not to build a wooden house from a log!

Alexey Melnikov:

- Timber is more practical in terms of cost-energy efficiency ratio, but for connoisseurs of log facades, the aesthetics of a log house usually come first.

Round logs and profiled logs (including kiln-dried logs) are all modern types of logs aimed at improving the aesthetic properties and simplifying the construction of a house.

Qualitatively made wooden houses can serve 200-300 years.

Among the disadvantages of wooden houses are:

1. The arrangement of "wet" rooms in a wooden one is associated with certain difficulties.

2. Based on the standard dimensions of logs (6 m), the overlap of rooms over 5 meters wide is difficult to implement. Interfloor ceilings in wooden houses are usually wooden beams. This reduces the degree of sound insulation in the house (wood conducts sound well) under shock loads.

3. The tree is subject to shrinkage and cracking.

4. A wooden house must be regularly caulked and painted. Thermal protection sufficient for a comfortable life in the house is provided by a wall made of wood with a thickness of 200 mm or more.

5. Wood can rot and requires antiseptic treatment to protect against mold and woodworms.

Therefore, the next stage in the development of wooden housing construction was the development of glued laminated timber - a wall material devoid of the disadvantages of conventional timber.

Let's name the advantages of glued beams:

• The material is durable and, thanks to a special profile (the serration protects the wall from blowing), it better retains heat in the house;
• Glued laminated timber has a clear geometry, which facilitates and speeds up the process of building a house;
• The material practically does not shrink, which allows immediately after the construction of the house to start laying communications and interior decoration;
• Thanks to factory fire-bioprotection, glued laminated timber is highly resistant to fire, mold and fungi;
• The walls of a house built of glued beams do not need interior and exterior decoration.

The main disadvantage of this material is its high price, as well as the need to attract highly qualified specialists to build a house.

4. Frame technology

Frame houses are considered one of the fastest and warmest houses. Therefore, if you urgently need housing, and you are wondering what time resources and what material to build a house from, feel free to choose this option. The main advantages of frame housing construction are cost-effectiveness and high - in a matter of months - the speed of construction.

Because Since the frame house is light, it does not require a powerful foundation to be built under it, which also perfectly reduces construction costs. The absence of wet processes allows the frame house to be built all year round.

Denis Reznichenko(nickname on the forum silent):

– If you are going to permanently live in a frame house, keep in mind that heating costs will be noticeably lower compared to wooden or stone houses, because. the ability to retain heat in modern heaters is higher than that of traditional materials.

Advantages of frame houses:

• high construction speed;
• frame technology does not require the use of heavy construction equipment;
• the construction of such a house can be carried out independently;
• due to the lack of shrinkage, the interior and exterior decoration of the frame house can be done immediately after construction is completed;
• wall thickness in frame houses usually does not exceed 30 cm, which increases the usable area of ​​the house;
• in the cold season, frame houses quickly warm up to a comfortable temperature.

The disadvantages of frame houses include:

• High quality requirements for the materials used. For the construction of a frame house, first of all, it is necessary to have well-dried and planed wood treated with fire and bioprotective compounds that protect it from damage and decay. When erecting a frame, it is unacceptable to use raw wood, because. during the drying process, it warps. This leads to a change in the geometry of wooden structures;
• Construction performed by low-skilled workers with a deviation from technology entails a significant decrease in the performance of the house;
• Compared to stone houses, frame houses have a lower degree of sound insulation.

Alexey Melnikov:

- Also among the disadvantages is the low heat capacity (heat storage capacity) of frame walls.

A frame house with the heating turned off quickly cools down. However, there is a way out - you can use an insulated Swedish plate as a foundation.

5. Arbolit

Arbolite is a material made from cement binder (concrete) and organic aggregates obtained from woodworking waste.

Sometimes wood concrete is called wood concrete, because this wall material has incorporated the advantages of both concrete and wood.

Arbolit has high thermal insulation performance.

This is an environmentally friendly material that does not need additional insulation. It does not dry out like a tree, does not rot and does not burn.

Arbolite walls "breathe" (the vapor permeability of the arbolite wall is more than 35%). This regulates the level of humidity in the room. This ensures good air exchange in the room.

Alexey Melnikov:

- Arbolite is an old and, at the same time, undeservedly forgotten material. Attempts to implement it were made back in Soviet times.

However, the segment of individual low-rise housing construction at that time was not developed, mainly panels of high-rise buildings were built, and over time, wood concrete gave way to other wall materials.

However, now arbolite is experiencing a rebirth.

After all, it is devoid of a number of disadvantages inherent in gas and foam concrete blocks, the material is relatively light, and building a house does not require the construction of a powerful foundation.

Also, wood concrete has high bending strength and will not crack when the foundation moves or settles.

Wood concrete, like wood, is well sawn, drilled, nails are easily hammered into the wood concrete wall, and the material itself holds heavy objects well without the use of special fasteners.

Among the disadvantages of wood concrete, two can be distinguished: its high cost and the insufficient number of house projects designed specifically for these blocks. Therefore, when choosing an arbolite block (in order to avoid buying low-quality material with broken geometry or strength characteristics), it is necessary to carefully consider the issue of choosing a supplier.

On our portal, they will help you find out everything a novice frame builder needs to know, which house, to understand which is better,. We will help you choose the best wall material and how to build

Watch the video on building a house from wood concrete blocks. And after reading our next video, you will learn how to build your own

Even in the tale of the three little pigs, the most important and always relevant idea is raised about the correct choice of building material for the house. A fairy tale is a fairy tale, but many of us, like the heroes of a famous work, want to build a solid, reliable home with minimal effort. However, today it is quite possible to do this thanks to the development of building technologies. However, there are so many different wall materials that the developer has to rack his brains when deciding which material is better to build a house from. Brick, aerated concrete, wood, sandwich panels - which is better, more reliable, more durable and warmer?

The cost of building walls at home is up to 40% of the cost of all work, so it is important to weigh the many pros and cons of each material in order to make the only right decision. It is also necessary to take into account the seasonality of living in the house, the requirements for thermal insulation, the cost of the fuel used for heating, as well as the labor intensity of the work and the budget allocated for construction. Today there are a lot of materials for building a house - finding the one that most accurately meets the needs is not a problem.

No. 1. Wooden house

The most conservative and traditional material for building a house is wood. Its undeniable advantages include:

Minuses:

• high fire hazard, even despite the fact that today special impregnations are used in the production of timber;
• the tree is sensitive to moisture and pests, they are also trying to fight it, but without constant care, the material will be constantly damaged;
• shrinkage;
• high price.

Glued profiled timber

No. 2. Brick house

Another classic and time-tested material for building a house is. Despite the emergence of a mass of alternative materials, it remains the most popular material for the construction of low-rise private houses, and there are many reasons for that.

pros:

• high durability and strength;
• inertness, insects and;
• resistance to fire;
• the material is breathable;
• brick allows you to translate into reality a project of any complexity.

Minuses:

For the construction of a 2- or 3-storey house enough strength brick M100 or M125, but the basement is better to build from bricks M150-M175. It is also necessary to take into account the frost resistance of bricks, which is determined by the cycles of freezing and thawing, which the material can withstand without losing its basic properties. If for warm regions it is quite possible to use brick F15-30, then for the middle lane it is better to take material with frost resistance F50, and for the most severe regions - F100. After the construction of the house, he is given some time to dry. Brick walls are usually trimmed.

By filling, bricks are divided into:

For the construction of walls, only two types of bricks are used:

• silicate (white).

Ideally, it is better to build from plastic-formed ceramic bricks. It is made from high-quality clay by extrusion. Ceramic bricks of dry and semi-dry formation due to the high geometry accuracy are mainly used for cladding. differs in durability, good sound insulation and durability.

silicate brick produced on the basis of sand and lime, it is cheaper than ceramic, but more fragile, has little variety, lower thermal insulation and low moisture resistance.

No. 3. Aerated concrete houses

Lightweight concrete blocks are the most promising material for building a house from all currently existing. Of all stone materials, cellular concrete has the best thermal insulation performance. Due to the fact that the block has a large size (replaces 17-20 single bricks), the construction of buildings is carried out quickly. In terms of strength and durability, the material is practically not inferior to brick. The cellular concretes are aerated concrete, foam concrete,, but the first two have acquired the greatest distribution in private construction.

House made of aerated concrete (gas block)

cinder block house

No. 4. Frame house

No. 5. Houses made of reinforced concrete panels

Another option for quick construction is the technology of building houses from prefabricated factory ones. A low-rise house can be built in a few days! The technology is reminiscent of the one that was so actively used in the Soviet Union for the rapid construction of millions of square meters of housing.

pros:

Minuses:

• a solid foundation is needed;
• a small number of offers on the market (few companies cast slabs for the created project - elements of typical sizes are usually made);
• such a house "does not breathe";
• Concrete does not hold heat well.

When you need to quickly build a reliable and durable house of decent size, then this is one of the best options, especially since today it is possible to cast panels of strictly necessary shapes and sizes in order to build a building according to.

When choosing a material for building a house, it is important to take into account the climate, the type of soil, the future heating system, and many other factors. But even the highest quality building material can disappoint if the construction technology is violated or the foundation is laid incorrectly, so these points should be given no less importance.

Who today does not dream of a big country house? But before you decide to make your dream come true and start building a home ownership, you should think carefully about the purposes for which the future construction is planned. If you need a dacha for a seasonal stay, this is one thing, but building a house for permanent residence is a completely different construction format. And the most exciting question: from what to build a house inexpensively and efficiently. Let's try to understand our article.

Source domastroika.com

The first thing you need to decide when deciding to build your own house for permanent residence is the building material, the choice of which depends on a huge number of related factors:

• strength and durability;
• microclimate inside residential premises;
• thermal conductivity and sound insulation;
• frost resistance;
• thermal insulation and moisture resistance.

What materials for suburban construction does the modern market offer, and what is the best way to build a house for permanent residence?

Of course, you need to choose the material for individual construction, taking into account all of the above parameters, but The main criterion is considered to be strength, since it is she who forms the structure of the building and affects the load-bearing function of the walls.

When choosing what to build a house for permanent residence from, all materials can be divided into four main groups:

• brick and stone;
• lightweight concrete materials;
• wood;
• chipboard panels.

Construction of a house for permanent residence from bricks

Brick buildings are the most massive structures. They perfectly resist the effects of various natural factors and, at the same time, have an attractive appearance. However, in order to build your own house, from the most seemingly popular material - brick, you will have to incur no small financial costs.

Source sk-mera.ru

The main advantages of a brick house are the high strength of the material. And in terms of its bearing capacity, a wall erected from this type of building materials is almost as good as concrete. Such characteristics are ideal for both low-rise suburban construction and for the construction of multi-storey buildings. In addition, a brick house will not burn, rot or shrink.

Only, in terms of maintaining energy efficiency, walls made of ceramic or silicate bricks lag far behind other building materials. In order to ensure sufficient energy efficiency for a private house, a brick wall must have a minimum thickness of 120 cm. It becomes clear that no one will build a "bunker" with such walls for permanent year-round living, so today more and more often brick is used as a facing material.

Another important disadvantage of building a brick house is the high cost of the material, so it is important to correctly calculate your financial capabilities, otherwise the construction may take a very long time.

Summarizing all of the above, we can say that the main The advantages of brick as a building material are:

• the possibility of long-term operation of the built house;
• high frost resistance;
• exact geometry of products;
• good combination with any type of masonry mortar;
• high strength;
• aesthetic appearance.

However, brick has many disadvantages:

1. Low moisture resistance some types of material. For example, silicate brick strongly absorbs water, this can be clearly seen when it acquires a dark shade during rain. This quality greatly affects the humidity inside the room. In this regard, silicate brick is not used for laying basements and basements; you should not use silicate brick when building a house in regions with high air humidity.
2. High thermal conductivity. To achieve positive characteristics, it is necessary to resort to additional costs for thermal insulation of walls or their thickening.
3. High product weight. The brick has a large mass, which makes the structure heavier and creates an even greater load on the foundation. To solve such a problem, it is necessary to build a stronger and more solid foundation, and this further increases construction costs.
4. High material cost.

So, it turns out that brick has significant drawbacks, so before making it the main material in the construction of a private house, you should think carefully.

brick houses

Source comfortoria.ru

Building a house from concrete blocks

Today, among building materials, brick significantly reduces its position, giving way to modern building blocks.

Affordable price is the main reason for choosing blocks. At the same time, building a house for permanent residence from blocks is not only cheaper, but also much faster, since such a large-sized material can replace from 4 to 14 ordinary bricks in quantity.

Today, the building materials market offers block types:

• gas blocks;
• foam blocks;
• cinder blocks;
• expanded clay concrete blocks;
• wood concrete;
• shell rock blocks.

Let's take a closer look at each type.

Gas and foam blocks

Gas and foam blocks have the same technical characteristics and are great for the construction of low-rise buildings. Their only difference is in the internal structure of the material.

gas blocks are made from a homogeneous mixture of sand, cement and lime with the addition of a special powder - a blowing agent, in order to achieve small through channels inside the block.

Source dizajio.com.ua

foam blocks, on the contrary, they have closed pores inside the material. Such a structure is achieved during production by adding special substances - foaming agents to the concrete solution. It is worth noting that such production allows you to increase the quality of foam blocks, creating additional energy-saving opportunities for the material and significantly reducing its weight. Also, unlike a gas block, the open channels of which conduct moisture well, foam blocks do not need additional protection from moisture.

They produce blocks of various formats and thicknesses, which allows the developer to choose the best material for individual construction without extra costs for additional insulation. Good geometric data make it possible to build houses with a complex structure.

Also, foam blocks and gas blocks do not need complex finishing, this can be done using putty or decorative plaster.

In addition to all these advantages, a weighty argument in choosing this particular material for construction will be its low cost. Average price in the construction market 1 m 3 is about 3 thousand rubles.

Among the disadvantages of foam and gas blocks can be identified the following characteristics of these materials:

• fragility;
• high water permeability (for gas blocks);
• mandatory external and internal decoration of the house;
• the presence of chemical elements in the composition.

houses from gas blocks and foam blocks from construction companies represented at the exhibition of houses Low-Rise Country.

Cinder blocks and expanded clay concrete blocks

Cinder blocks are also inexpensive building materials, however, due to the too high thermal conductivity of the erected walls, they require additional insulation. In addition, the cinder block has a lot of weight. It is these shortcomings that can explain the fact that consumers prefer expanded clay concrete blocks.

Source action-stroy.ru

As positive characteristics of cinder block builders provide:

• fire resistance;
• low cost;
• high thermal insulation;
• resistance to fungus and mold damage;
• long service life of the built house.

The main disadvantages of cinder block are:

• brittleness of the material;
• low moisture resistance;
• low sound insulation;
• the need for interior and exterior decoration of the house.

Expanded clay block products, at the same cost, are less thermally conductive, more durable and environmentally friendly material.

Expanded clay blocks are a material consisting of expanded clay gravel (the result of special firing of clay) and cement mortar. Such raw materials have high strength indicators and are designed for the construction of individual houses up to 3 floors. At the same time, the construction process does not take much time. In addition, expanded clay concrete is a fairly warm and environmentally friendly building material, as it does not contain synthetic additives.

Good vapor permeability creates an optimal balance of humidity in the living room.

Prices for expanded clay blocks quite acceptable, 1m 3 will cost about 3 thousand rubles.

And also, on our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects houses from expanded clay blocks from construction companies represented at the exhibition of houses Low-Rise Country.

Arbolit

The constituent components of wood concrete blocks are wood chips and cement mortar with special additives. This composition allows you to get a warm and light block.

Source woodh.ru

In terms of its density, arbolite allows the construction of buildings with a small number of storeys, while its elasticity, it is able to withstand, among other things, floor slabs.

Such material breathes well, is very environmentally friendly, has excellent heat and sound insulation.

The disadvantages of arbolite include:

1. High rate of moisture absorption. A house made of wood concrete blocks requires additional protection from moisture, which means that you will have to invest in insulating and specialized moisture-repellent finishing materials.
2. The uneven surface of the block leads to some difficulties in the construction of walls, and also causes a large consumption of concrete mortar.

Also, a significant disadvantage of wood concrete is often considered a large amount of low-quality material in the construction market. In view of the fact that the production of blocks does not require specialized equipment, they are often produced by an artisanal method, using non-certified chemical additives and violations of production technology. All this causes a deterioration in the quality of finished raw materials, so you need to buy wood concrete only from trusted sellers and manufacturers.

Prices for the purchase of wood concrete start from 4 thousand rubles per 1m 3.

You can also see the most popular projects on our website. houses from wood concrete from construction companies represented at the exhibition of houses Low-Rise Country.

Shell rock blocks

This type of material is the most expensive among the blocks and will cost at least 5 thousand rubles per 1 m 3. At the same time, the technique of obtaining raw materials from the marine sedimentary massif additionally makes the shell rock fragile.

Advantages of shell rock blocks:

• sound absorption;
• good thermal insulation;
• durability;
• good vapor permeability;
• environmental friendliness.

In addition, the shell rock has a number of exceptional properties determined by its nature. So, the material during its formation is impregnated with sea salt and absorbs a large amount of iodine. The presence of these substances in the composition of raw materials endow the house from it with healing properties. Also, it is thanks to iodine that shell rock walls protect very well from radiation.

The cons of the shell rock can be considered:

1. The need for strengthening in the case of building a house of more than two floors with the help of special armored belts.
2. The absence of unified forms of blocks (it is practically impossible to find two blocks of shell rock that are identical in shape).
3. The need for additional protection of the structure from moisture.
4. The material, due to its fragility, requires care during transportation, as well as unloading or unloading.

Source recon-stroi.ru

Construction of wooden houses for permanent residence

As for wood, there are two options for building materials:

1. log;
2. beam;

A house for permanent residence made of wood has a minimal load on the foundation, which allows you to save money already at the very first stage of construction.

An important point when choosing a building material is also considered the fact that it is possible to build wooden houses regardless of the season and in any weather.

Timber house

A modern timber will allow you to build a neat individual house in any style. It has good geometric parameters, rectangular or square section and smooth, very even sides. Houses made of timber give minimal shrinkage, the manufacture of a log house does not require the use of special construction equipment, and the aesthetic data of the material make it possible to do without external and internal decoration, and thus save on finishing work.

Source strojka-doma.ru

The beam has a large number of advantages:

• environmental friendliness;
• aesthetics;
• the efficiency of the construction of the building;
• high level of sound insulation and good thermal conductivity;
• strength and reliability of the structure;
• the possibility of installation at any time of the year;
• does not require the construction of a bulky, expensive foundation;
• does not require decorative finishing;
• positive, healing properties from wood.

However, the beam also has disadvantages:

1. The need for additional material processing. The main, common disadvantage of wood products is its susceptibility to moisture and insects. In addition, over time, it has the properties of cracking and rotting, thereby losing its original aesthetic appearance, so the tree must be constantly treated with special substances.
2. High fire hazard of the material. Any wood is highly flammable, and because of this, it requires additional protection by treatment with fire-retardant compounds.
3. Requires additional costs for heat and waterproofing.
4. Long term shrinkage. Despite a slight shrinkage, a private house will sag within six months. In this case, cracks may occur in the walls during shrinkage.

On our website you can see the most popular projects houses from double timber, glued laminated timber and profiled timber from construction companies represented at the exhibition of houses Low-Rise Country.

log house

Log buildings are classics of wooden houses. In addition to the traditional Russian hut, modern building technologies allow you to build a log house of any configuration, from a small Finnish house to a cozy Art Nouveau cottage.

Source kirpich174.ru

Modern building logs are 100% natural and environmentally friendly, which provides excellent natural ventilation of the room.

As in the case of timber, no cost for a massive foundation is required.

Durability, reliability and beautiful appearance are also the main characteristics of a log house.

The advantage is the rapid warming up of a house made of wood, because this significantly saves heating costs.

The availability and lightness of the material make it possible to build a comfortable wooden house as soon as possible.

To the minuses of the log, like any wooden material, include:

• susceptibility to decay;
• strong and prolonged shrinkage;
• fire hazard of the material;
• additional costs for insulation and waterproofing of the structure.

Today, the construction market offers two types of logs, chopped or rounded.

rounded log- a product of the industrial processing of lumber. It has a lower price, does not require additional finishing and looks quite attractive.

Chopped logs they are more expensive due to their manual processing, but they have greater strength.

Beautiful log house Source tr.decorexpro.com

When deciding which specific construction technology to choose, you should pay attention to two aspects:

1. When building a house from timber and logs of industrial processing, there is absolutely no need to cut recesses (bowls) for greater stability of the structure.
2. If you choose to build a house from hand-cut logs, then you have to pay for the very expensive work of a professional cutter (a specialist who cuts bowls - special recesses for connecting logs into a log house).

Building a house from a log can hardly be called quite affordable. So, cost of 1 m3 rounded log ranges from 7 to 10 thousand rubles, and chopped is much higher.

Also, on our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects houses from hand-cut logs and rounded logs from construction companies represented at the exhibition of houses Low-Rise Country.

Construction of a frame house for permanent residence