Why garden hibiscus does not bloom. Garden hibiscus, care and reproduction - a welcome guest from the tropics

It is there that he is one of the most important decorations not only for gardens, but also for women's hairstyles. Despite the fact that this is a tropical and subtropical flower, there are species that can be grown in our climatic conditions, which is good news. After all, many would like to get such beauty on their site. Bright and beautiful flowers combined with decorative foliage ideal for creating unique garden compositions, as well as for use in indoor landscaping.

In this article, we will take a closer look at the features and description of hibiscus, and also learn all the main characteristics of the species and varieties of this exotic plant. Let's describe all the important nuances agricultural techniques for growing hibiscus at home and in the open field.

Features and description of hibiscus

Hibiscus is a deciduous and evergreen tree, herbaceous and shrub plant of the large Malvaceae family. The natural habitat of this beautiful flower counts South Asia as well as Africa and America. Hibiscus is a tropical and subtropical plant that loves hot and humid climates. In our latitudes it is also possible to grow this exotic flower, but only some species. The most popular is the garden hibiscus, which is considered to be the birthplace of the Hawaiian Islands. Our article will mainly be about him.

The name hibiscus itself comes from the word "Hibiskos", which in ancient times in Greece meant marshmallow.

Hibiscus is valued in many peoples of the world and countries. In the Hawaiian Islands, it is a symbol of love and beauty. Often used in various ceremonies. Hibiscus flower necklaces greet tourists at airports. Therefore, it is not in vain that it is considered the national flower. In some European countries, this flower is symbolized with the flower of death. It is considered when indoor hibiscus the leaves begin to curl up and turn yellow, one of the relatives will get sick. In the East, this flower has an absolutely opposite meaning. There it is a kind of power engineer, endowing with new forces. It is with this meaning that one of the ways to use Chinese hibiscus is connected - brewing Hibiscus tea, which is loved by many in our country.

Hibiscus Description:

• Hibiscus can be deciduous or evergreen, also distinguish between perennial and annual species.
• The form in which this large family is represented is also varied. There are herbaceous hibiscus, tree hibiscus, shrub hibiscus and semi-shrub hibiscus. Therefore, there are a huge number of options for its use in landscape design.
• The height of the plant will depend on the particular variety, since the tree hibiscus grows taller than the herbaceous one.
• Hibiscus leaves are oblong, notched along the edges, attached to the stem with petioles. There are various shades of green in color.
• The most important decoration of this plant is flowers that simply amaze with their appearance.
• Hibiscus flowers are funnel shaped with 5 or more petals.
• Flower sizes different varieties hibiscus can vary from 6 to 15 cm, sometimes there are plants with flowers in diameter as a soccer ball.
• The color of hibiscus flowers is also diverse: there are plain flowers red, pink, white, lilac, blue shades, as well as two-tone and with a contrasting border around the edge.
• In the form of petals, flowers also differ in different varieties: there are simple, terry.
• Hibiscus blooms for a long time. Garden hibiscus flowers bloom for only one day, and then new ones appear instead of them and this lasts for several months - from mid-summer until frost.
• The fruit is a box with seeds, consisting of 5 flaps.
• Today there are more than 220 types of hibiscus.

The main types and varieties of hibiscus

To date, there are a large number of species of this beautiful flower, but on our territory it is possible to grow only varieties of Syrian hibiscus, trifoliate and hybrid. Consider the main characteristics of some types of hibiscus and their most popular varieties.

Hibiscus Syrian

It is the most suitable view for cultivation in our climatic conditions, as it has excellent frost resistance. This species is native to China.

• In nature, it grows as a deciduous shrub, which can reach a height of 5-6 meters.
• In culture, the growth of the Syrian hibiscus reaches only 3 meters, but it can be cultivated both as a shrub and as a small tree.
• It is this type of hibiscus that is the national flower of the Hawaiian Islands.
• This plant is formed by erect shoots, which are densely strewn with oblong, ovate leaves.
• The leaves are slightly dissected in shape, about 10 cm long.
• The flowers are quite large, in diameter they can reach 6-12 cm. The flowers are located singly, they come in various colors. It is for this species that one-day flowering of each flower is characteristic, to be replaced by another one the next day.
• Hibiscus Syrian is characterized by excellent resistance to frost - it can endure up to minus 25 degrees.
• Can be grown as an indoor flower.

Popular varieties of Syrian hibiscus:

• Sort "Diana". Shrub form of Syrian hibiscus, which can reach 2 m in height. It blooms with white flowers, the petals of which are slightly wavy along the edge. The average diameter of one flower is 12 cm.
• Sort "Ardens". It blooms with lilac-pink flowers that bloom in early summer. Counts perennial plant, which is formed by upright shoots. Virtually no pruning required. It can grow up to 3 m in height.
• Variety "Pink Giant". A shrubby form of hibiscus that produces pink flowers with purple spots in the center.
• Sort "Blue Bird". It has a very unusual color of flowers - bright blue with a red spot in the center. This shrub can reach 4 m in height.
• Variety "Carneus Plenus". This variety has flexible shoots. It blooms with double, pale pink flowers with a bright purple spot in the center.

Hibiscus trifoliate

This type of hibiscus is native to Africa. The plant reaches a height of 80 cm, has a taproot and erect branches. The leaves of this type of hibiscus are tripartite, hence the name. The leaves are attached to the stem with petioles. The flowers are very small, only 4 cm in diameter. Yellow in color with a red center. This type of hibiscus has a very interesting feature - its flowers bloom only in the morning for a few hours, and then fold back into buds.

Hibiscus hybrid

This species was specially bred from crossing three types of hibiscus: bright red, marsh, holly. It is a herbaceous perennial plant that blooms very large and bright colors.

Popular varieties:

• Variety "Youth". A shrub variety that can reach a height of 1.5 m. Flowers in diameter reach 10 cm and are shaped like tulips. They are light pink in color with a white center.
• Variety "Late". A dense and compact bush that can reach a height of 1 m. It blooms with raspberry flowers, reaching a diameter of 7 cm.

Hibiscus Chinese

This variety is known to many, as in our latitudes it is a homemade hibiscus. It is an evergreen shrub or tree-like hibiscus, which can reach a height of 4.5 m. The leaves are oblong, ovoid, and can reach 15 cm in length. The flowers of this species are solitary, mounted on long peduncles. Funnel-shaped and bell-shaped. In diameter, the flower can reach 10-12 cm. The color is very diverse: from white to red and purple.

Popular varieties:

• Sort "Borias". It blooms with large lemon-white flowers with a corrugated edge and a purple core.
• Sort "Purple Majestic". It features purple flowers with white dots and a ruffled edge.

How to propagate hibiscus

Hibiscus breeds different ways. Sometimes it may depend on specific type. For example, hybrid hibiscus is propagated by dividing the bush, cuttings and grafting. However, most species of this crop can be propagated by seeds, cuttings, layering and dividing the bush. The simplest and most commonly used methods are hibiscus propagation. garden seeds and cuttings.

Hibiscus seed propagation

• First of all, you need to collect hibiscus seeds. You can identify ripe fruits by color - they will be brown. Harvest carefully as the seeds are small.
• Optimal time for sowing seeds - January-March.
• Pre-seeds must be treated with a solution of potassium permanganate.
• Next, select a suitable container and fill it soil mixture consisting of peat and sand.
• Seeds are sown on prepared soil and the entire container is covered with glass or film.
• The difficulty is the further maintenance of the container with seeds, because their germination requires a fairly high temperature - within 25-27 degrees. It is also desirable to provide additional heating of the bottom of the container.
• You will need daily care, which consists in airing and moisturizing.
• When the first strong leaves appear, seedlings should be planted in separate pots.
• It is important that hibiscus seedlings receive enough light, otherwise they may stretch and become brittle.
• In open ground can be planted in May.
• An interesting feature of garden hibiscus is that it can propagate by self-sowing at the time of full seed ripening.
• Hybrid varieties of hibiscus cannot be bred in this way, as these plants will completely lose their maternal characteristics.

Propagation by cuttings

This is perhaps the easiest and most effective way to propagate hibiscus.

• Hibiscus cuttings should be harvested in the summer.
• To do this, on an adult plant, select a strong and healthy shoot. It can be cut into several cuttings of 10-12 cm, the main thing is that each has several internodes.
• You need to cut the cuttings with a sharp secateurs at an angle.
• Next, remove all the leaves from the bottom of the cutting, the top can be left.
• It is recommended to treat the cuttings with root growth stimulants. To do this, immediately before planting, place the cuttings in a container with this solution.
• Next, prepare the soil mixture, which will consist of peat and sand. Cuttings can be planted in greenhouses, or you can create greenhouse conditions at home by planting a cutting in a pot and covering it with a film.
• It is desirable to provide cuttings with lower heating.
• Rooting of the cuttings occurs after about a month, after which they need to be transplanted into separate pots for growing.
• These pots need to be filled with another potting mix consisting of hardwood, peat, sand and soddy soil.
• The cutting is looked after until a strong bush is formed, after which it is pinched and transplanted into open ground.
• Grown in this way, hibiscus can bloom in the year of planting.

Stages of preparation before planting hibiscus

To get a beautiful garden hibiscus, you must definitely prepare carefully before planting. It is important to purchase high-quality hibiscus seedlings, as well as to choose the right place for planting on your site. Also, we must not forget about the thorough preparation of the soil for planting this exotic plant.

Stage 1. Selection of seedlings

It is best to buy hibiscus seedlings in specialized stores and nurseries. Only in this way will you be sure that it is the hibiscus of your chosen variety that will actually grow on your site. Avoid purchasing seedlings in spontaneous markets and strangers, thus the risk of receiving low-quality planting material increases.

When buying seedlings, consider the place where they will be planted. After all, all varieties differ in height and color of flowers. It is also important to carefully examine the seedling shoots and leaves. They should not be damaged or show signs of illness. If you purchase a seedling with an open root system, then inspect it for dry and broken roots.

Stage 2. Choosing a place for planting hibiscus

Hibiscus is for the most part tropical plant Therefore, it is important to choose a place suitable for its growth and flowering. If you make a mistake with this choice, the plant may not bloom. The optimal place for planting hibiscus is light partial shade so that the seedling receives enough sunlight, but had protection from direct rays. It is also important that the place is not in a lowland - hibiscus does not tolerate prolonged stagnation of moisture at the roots.

When choosing a location, also consider your planned garden composition which you want to end up with. Some varieties of hibiscus can be planted in tubs, but the place must be chosen once and for a long time. When moving the tub, you can break the flower stalks.

Stage 3. Preparing the soil for planting

It is important to pay enough attention to preparing the soil for planting. These plants prefer to grow in slightly acidic or neutral soils. It should be very fertile and perfectly pass air and moisture. Hibiscus responds well to high organic content in the soil.

Before planting, the chosen place must be carefully dug up, preparing the soil mixture for planting, which should consist of peat and fertile soil.

Planting hibiscus in open ground

After all preparatory work you can start planting a hibiscus seedling. The best time to plant it outdoors is spring, when the threat of night frost has passed.

• Before planting, prepare landing pits at the selected site.
• If you plant several seedlings together, be sure to keep a distance of about 1-1.5 m between them.
• The size of the landing hole should be twice the size of the root system with a clod of earth.
• At the bottom of the pit, be sure to place a layer of 15 cm of drainage to prevent stagnation of moisture at the hibiscus roots. Broken bricks can be used as drainage.
• On the drainage layer, pour a layer of sand, and then compost, then sand again.
• Next, carefully remove the hibiscus seedling from the container, being careful not to damage the roots.
• Place the seedling in the hole and cover the roots with the prepared soil mixture, which should consist of soddy soil, peat and sand.
• The seedling must be buried so that the root neck is only slightly covered with earth.
• Next, be sure to spud the planted seedling, making a recess around it for watering.
• Pour plenty of water over the hibiscus.

Features of caring for hibiscus in the open field

Hibiscus care is not special work, especially if it is planted in a suitable place. In the future, the young plant needs periodic watering, loosening, feeding and pruning.

Watering

The plant needs regular abundant watering. Correct Mode watering for hibiscus - wait for the land around the plant to dry completely. And only then water it. However, during the driest time of the year, you will need to water almost daily to keep the hibiscus from dying. If the weather is cool, then watering, on the contrary, is reduced. The full growth of hibiscus depends on a competent irrigation regime.

Loosening and mulching

Hibiscus likes to grow on loose and airy soils, so periodically after watering the soil needs to be loosened to ensure air flow to the roots. During this process, weeds must be removed. To reduce the appearance of weeds and prevent evaporation of moisture, the near-stem circle can be mulched. Dry peat, sawdust or tree bark is used as mulch.

top dressing

For the full growth and flowering of hibiscus, it is imperative to feed it and this must be done repeatedly. Hibiscus needs enough potassium, which can be applied every 14 days, and it is also important to feed them to hibiscus in the fall before the onset of cold weather. It is also important to fertilize every two weeks with a moderate dose of phosphate and nitrogen fertilizer. Especially in these fertilizers the plant needs at the time of active vegetation.

pruning hibiscus

Hibiscus needs periodic sanitary pruning to be carried out in early spring. In its process, you need to remove all weak, damaged and broken branches that inhibit the growth of strong and young shoots. It is also necessary to partially remove last year's growth in order to stimulate the growth of a large number of young shoots with flower buds. Do not forget to periodically remove faded buds during the flowering of the plant, because this will contribute to the emergence of new ones.

Pest and disease control

In the process of caring for hibiscus, it is necessary to identify the appearance of pests and various diseases on the plant and effectively deal with them. This culture is rarely affected by diseases and pests, but they can still appear due to improper care of the plant. Of the pests on hibiscus, aphids, thrips and whiteflies appear. To combat them, you need to use insecticides, for example, Karbofos.

Of the diseases, chlorosis most often appears on hibiscus. With this disease, the lower leaves of the plant fall off. This disease can be prevented by competently applying fertilizers containing iron and nitrogen.

Growing hibiscus in a tub

Some varieties of hibiscus can be grown in tubs. As a result, you will get an original and bright object of your landscape design. However, the growing process has some nuances:

• A tub plant is more demanding to care for.
• Before the hibiscus begins to bloom, you need to choose the most optimal location for the tub, since it is not recommended to move it in the future. Hibiscus may lose their flower stalks.
• Hibiscus growing in a tub needs pruning more than usual to shape the crown. Most often they are cut into the shape of a ball.
• Watering tub hibiscus should be moderate. The main thing is that the earth does not have time to dry out too much. Also, the plant responds well to regular spraying of the crown.
• For full growth, it is imperative to feed hibiscus with phosphorus-containing fertilizers. Approximately 1 time in 2 weeks.
• In winter, such a plant must be transferred to a bright and fairly warm room with an average temperature of 12-14 degrees.
• Hibiscus Chinese or Chinese rose is suitable for planting in tubs.

Photo of hibiscus

You can more clearly see all the features of this exotic plant in the proposed photos.

Use as a houseplant

tree hibiscus

Hibiscus herbaceous

It is not difficult to make your garden or plot inimitable and unique, the main thing is to choose bright and memorable plants. It is to these that the beautiful hibiscus can be attributed, which, with its flowering, will transform any landscape.

Having a wonderful smell, garden hibiscus flowers not only delight the eye in the garden or on the windowsill in the apartment - they are also used to brew healthy and fragrant tea. It is this drink that is known to many under the name "hibiscus tea". In addition, garden hibiscus is unpretentious in care and highly decorative.

Garden hibiscus: photo and description

The flower of love or the flower of beautiful women - this is also the name of the hibiscus tree, popular in Hawaii. The dazzlingly beautiful and bright flowers of this plant adorn the hair of local girls on holidays. A large range of colors of the plant perfectly emphasizes the beauty of the hair.

Growing a plant on garden plot does not cause much trouble, and its splendor evokes a sense of serenity and tranquility, transferring to the unique world of primeval nature.

A beautiful flowering plant that can be grown both indoors and outdoors. suburban area. Garden hibiscus belongs to the Malvaceae group. AT natural environment there are about 250 different varieties of this plant - they differ in shape and size, as well as the color of the flower and its size.

According to the shape of hibiscus, there are:

• Subshrubs;
• shrubs;
• herbaceous varieties;
• decorative trees.

The flowers of many varieties of garden hibiscus are brightly colored, large, graceful.. Some varieties differ significantly from each other. Different colors and shapes, flower sizes and plants themselves.

The frost-resistant garden and herbaceous varieties are very popular, as they are not very picky in their care. Numerous types of garden tree hibiscus with funnel-shaped double and simple flowers are quite exotic and attractive. The color variety of plants is very large: you can see flowers from yellow, white to deep red, bright lilac, crimson, violet and purple. There are also bicolor varieties.

The location in the garden will depend on the variety of hibiscus chosen. undersized plants look great in mixed borders. Hibiscus herbaceous looks harmoniously with ground cover roses and ornamental foliage plants. But tree hibiscus can be played well by planting several plants with various flowers in a solitary standard planting.

• Hibiscus can tolerate frost down to -20C.
• Flowering is quite long - from late June to early October.

Garden hibiscus: care and reproduction

Growing this plant will not cause trouble. For normal flowering and growth, it is desirable to choose a sunny place where there is no wind. When planting hibiscus, you need to use humus-rich, loose and fertile soil. Watering must be frequent and regular.. The main thing is not to flood the plant, but it is important that the ground around the flower is constantly wet. If the plant is properly cared for, then the lifespan of a hibiscus can be more than 15 years.

Young bushes need to be transplanted several times. As a rule, transplantation is done in the spring. Already 2 months after rooting, the plant can be transplanted into a larger pot. For planting, a mixture of earth from sheet, soddy soil, sand and humus is used in a ratio of 3: 4: 1: 1. Every year, after transplanting, you need to add soil to the pot.

Proper care after planting young bushes is also important, especially in winter. The plant should overwinter in a shelter, as it may not endure frost.. If the planting of bushes is scheduled for autumn, then before the arrival of the winter season, you need to mulch the ground near the flower.

Hibiscus fertilizers must contain an increased amount of phosphorus. Before winter, it is advisable to feed the bush with potash fertilizer. This will make it easier for the plant to winter.

Syrian hibiscus: photo and description

The Syrian variety of hibiscus is characterized by unusually lush flowers.

lavender chiffon

Relatively new English cultivar with semi-double and double flowers. The color is blue-pink with a rich red center.

A small tree or deciduous shrub of medium size up to 3 meters and a crown in a circle of 1.7 m. Grows well on sunny area but tolerates light shade.

It has various uses: it can be a tapeworm against the background of a lawn, you can plant a plant in the background in flower beds or for decorating fences, it all depends on where the sun's rays fall more.

Duc de Brabant

A small tree or deciduous shrub of medium height of about 2-3 m and a crown circumference of 1.7 meters. The inflorescences are large and quite attractive, purple-red with a burgundy-red or dark red interspersed in the center, double, 10-12 cm in size. It grows well in a sunny area, but can tolerate light shading.

Garden hibiscus tree: photo and description

Tree garden hibiscus is a deciduous shrub that blooms for 6 months, but one flower lives only a day. Withered petals are replaced by new inflorescences. Hibiscus blooms at the end of June, and renews its flowers until October.

AT temperate climate plant height no more than 2.5 m, although in the natural environment, tree-like varieties reach a size of up to 6 m. Large leaves of an ovoid or oval appearance have a rich green color. Inflorescences are singly, rather large, reach a circumference of up to 28-31 cm.

The landing takes place in the spring. Make sure that the tree you grow in the garden is protected from drafts. During the care and cultivation of hibiscus, do not forget that the plant is thermophilic and demanding on lighting. If you plant it in a shaded area, then it will grow slowly and bloom weakly.

If your household territory located in an area with a cool climate, then plant non-double species - they are the most hardy. In order for the plant to bloom profusely, it needs a little pruning every two years.. Complement hibiscus bushes with lavender - they will protect the hibiscus from aphids.

Hibiscus requires fertile land with normal water permeability. This flower does not require strong watering - it is necessary to moisten the earth only after drying. Abundant flowering will be provided if we do not forget about the constant phosphorus bait. Potassium additives are also needed - with the help of them, the wintering of the flower will be easier.

Suitable for growing in pots. The plant needs to choose the ideal, in the literal sense of the word, place - otherwise, when turning or moving a flowering bush, there is a big risk of breaking weak flower stalks. Choose a warm and sunny site, protected from drafts. In a pot, the bush should be trimmed periodically - this can help maintain a decorative shape.

Herbaceous hibiscus: photo and description

A distinctive feature is a long flowering time, and its peduncles are 2-3 times larger size, Unlike tree varieties. Another advantage of the herbaceous variety is its high frost resistance.

The bush has many upright shoots that germinate every year. The flowers of this plant are painted in cherry-raspberry color.. It is desirable to plant a flower in the central part of the garden or in the background, because of its rather big size- about 3 meters.

When caring for this hibiscus, you need to take into account that the roots of the bush look like potatoes, their damage leads to the death of the plant. Therefore, in winter, after the bush dies off, it is advisable to place a sign at the place where the hibiscus grows, which indicates its location and protects the bush from digging.

Bright and large flowers of herbaceous hibiscus perfectly harmonize with different plants so be sure to plant it in your garden.

As a rule, herbaceous species are grown in large group plantings or in the formation of borders. These plants can decorate the coastal zone of a home pond. But cultivation must be carried out in sunny places, protected from drafts.

The plant has no special soil requirements.. It develops better on loamy soil, and does not tolerate calcareous soil. An important role in the care of hibiscus is played by drainage at the landing site and periodic loosening, since waterlogging and waterlogging of the soil can cause the death of the bush.

In the spring, you need to build greenhouses from the film, because the flower loves heat and moisture. Under these conditions, the plant will develop much faster. With the advent of summer, greenhouses are removed. herbaceous variety loves constant watering, especially on initial stage cultivation. At the end of flowering, watering should be slightly reduced.

Garden hibiscus: photo

Pruning garden hibiscus

Periodic pruning is necessary for hibiscus, pruning of shoots is good for the plant. The bush forms flower buds on young shoots. In addition, pruning is required for the plant to give a decorative shape.

In the spring, the growth of last year's hibiscus is shortened by 1/3. This significantly increases the number of new kidneys. As the plant becomes thicker over time, it needs light, periodic thinning.

How to prune hibiscus?

• After disembarkation young plant remove all damaged and weak shoots. For uniform growth of a lush plant, and in the future, it needs cardinal pruning. If you want to form a stem tree, then you need to be patient, since it takes more than one year to grow a stem tree.
• Cut branched shoots to the level of several buds. The main trunk is not cut. The next season, from February, again cut off the lateral branched shoots to one bud, and the main trunk to 6-7 buds. When the bush reaches the size you need, form a crown from the strongest shoots, making it shorter by a few buds, cutting off the top of the trunk and removing all the lateral lower shoots.
• When you have achieved the desired shape of the crown, then in the future cut off only dry and weak shoots. Cut thin branches to a few buds. If over time the plant becomes one-sided, then remove unwanted branches on it to the base or cut them off to the lateral young shoots.

Hibiscus propagation

During the care of hibiscus, reproduction is carried out by cuttings, dividing the bush, as well as seeds. If you decide to grow a plant from seeds, then do not forget that this process can be done only after stratification.

Planting material is covered with a small layer of earth, a little moisture is applied, for example, with a sprayer, and placed in the refrigerator for a month. After propagating hibiscus seeds, sowing is done in a prepared substrate mixed from sand and peat. The container must be closed with polyethylene or glass and left at a temperature of 25-27 gr. Carry out periodic ventilation and spraying of the container. Then, when the seeds germinate, you need to wait for the formation of several leaves in them. These seedlings dive into different pots. The flowering of a flower bed of hibiscus grown from seeds occurs only in the third year.

If hibiscus propagation is done by cuttings, then the best time for this is spring. From new shoots, it is necessary to cut off the upper cuttings, which have several internodes. Pruning is done 5 cm below the node. After that, the top of the stem is cut off above the node and a cut is made on the resulting cutting. From the bottom of the segment, it is necessary to remove the segment of the stem and leaves. The few remaining leaves are cut in half.

To speed up the development processes, the stalk is treated with growth stimulants, and then it is buried in the ground to the nodes. Landing is covered with a film and kept at a temperature of 18-20 gr. In a month, the bush will take root and it can be transplanted to permanent place. This plant will start flowering a year after planting.

Prolific and hardy hibiscus does not require much attention, but always decorates any household plot beautiful flowers. All you need to do is plant additional plants to make up for the barren times of one plant with another. But in any case, hibiscus is a versatile plant. Beautiful flowers and ease of care have made it one of the most popular shrubs to grow in the garden or apartment.

As a landscape designer, I always advise my clients on plants that combine visual appeal with unpretentious care. One of my favorite plants is garden hibiscus, which is what I use more often than others when decorating plots.

The plant is able to transform any landscape, looks extremely impressive. In the article I will talk about this plant, share my experience on how to plant and grow garden hibiscus.

Garden hibiscus is a real decoration of the backyard landscape. In addition to the exceptional external decorativeness, the plant can also boast of being suitable for brewing. delicious tea flowers. It is hibiscus flowers that are used as the basis for the famous Hibiscus.

In addition, the plant is also quite unpretentious: its care and reproduction does not cause difficulties.

In the homeland of the plant - the Hawaiian Islands - it is also called the "flower of love". Marvelous showy flowers Hawaiian women adorn their hairstyles.

It can be different in height: tree-like varieties are the tallest. The flowers of the plant deserve a separate description. They have the shape of a pronounced funnel, formed from five or more (terry varieties) petals.

Funnel parameters can be from 6 to 15 cm, there are also varieties in which flowers in a loose state reach the diameter of a soccer ball.

The color is different: pink, white, blue, lilac, red shades are more common. There are also two-tone, striped, bordered varieties - they are the most decorative.

Garden hibiscus is able to withstand frosts down to -20 degrees without shelter. Of course, in most Russian regions, the plant will need to be covered for the winter. The shrub blooms for a long time - from late June to October. Could be like annual plant, and perennial, its evergreen and deciduous varieties are also known.

The plants are malvaceae. In nature, there are about 250 varieties of this flower. The following varieties are cultivated in the garden:

• hibiscus tree;
• grassy;
• semi-shrub;
• shrubby.

landscape use

Different types and varieties of garden hibiscus are used in the design of the backyard landscape in different ways. If the variety is undersized, it is ideal for borders, including mixed ones.

Herbaceous hibiscus looks spectacular in combination with roses and other beautiful ornamental shrubs.

The tree-like variety is perfectly combined with both massive coniferous trees and shrubs, and with undersized flowers. Hibiscus: photo in the garden.

Since the garden hibiscus loves water, a site on the shore of a reservoir or pond will suit him perfectly. Growing hibiscus outdoors is easy and miniature varieties Plants are also suitable for pot cultivation.

Varieties

Science knows many species and varieties of this beautiful plant, however, under conditions open ground only a few of them are usually grown in Russia:

• Syrian;
• trifoliate;
• hybrid.

Syrian

This is the most suitable hibiscus for our climate, as it is quite frost-resistant. His homeland is not Syria, as you might think, but China.

Under natural conditions, Syrian hibiscus reaches 5 meters, but with cultural cultivation- only 3 meters. It is usually cultivated as a small tree. The plant is decorated with elongated dissected leaves and large flowers, reaching a diameter of 6-12 cm.

Tripartite

Has African origin. Reaches 80 cm in height, has a tap root system and straight elongated branches. The name comes from the type of foliage - the leaves are divided into three parts.

The flowers are small, reaching a diameter of only 4 cm. However, due to their number and external showiness, the shrub looks very picturesque. The color of the petals is yellowish, the core is red. Flowers bloom only in the morning.

Hybrid

It was bred artificially by crossing marsh hibiscus, red and holly. Differs in long years of life and very beautiful, bright and large flowers.

Condition Requirements

We will find out under what conditions the street hibiscus will best show its decorative qualities.

Place

It is necessary to plant a plant in a sunny area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe garden.

In this case, the place should be protected from drafts and gusts of wind.

The soil

Hibiscus does not impose special requirements on the composition of the soil, which greatly simplifies the task of the gardener. It is better to grow and develop a shrub in loamy soil; it is undesirable to plant it on a site with calcareous soil.

It is important that the bed has good permeability, is loose and drainable: the plant does not like stagnant moisture. And the most spectacular flowering can be achieved by planting hibiscus in the soil in a neutral or slightly acid reaction. It is also important that the soil is sufficiently nutritious, saturated with organic matter.

Temperature

Garden hibiscus is a tropical flower, therefore it is not indifferent to heat. When the spring will be removed winter shelter, it is necessary to build a film greenhouse over the shrub to protect it from return frosts. With the onset of sustainable heat, the need for a greenhouse disappears.

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reproduction

Hibiscus can be propagated in the garden in two ways:

• seeds;
• cuttings.

seeds

This method is the longest, but if it is not possible to propagate hibiscus vegetatively, there is no other way out. Seeds must be stratified before planting to harden the plants.

Seeds are placed in the ground, sprayed with water and cleaned in this form in the refrigerator for stratification. The procedure lasts a month, after which the seeds are planted already in the substrate for germination. The substrate should consist of peat and sand.

The container is covered with a film and placed in heat (+ 25-27 degrees). You need to regularly lift the film for ventilation, as well as spray the soil with a spray bottle.

After germination, wait for the seedlings to form a few true leaves and dive the seedlings into separate pots.

Keep in mind that hibiscus will bloom in this case only in the third year.

cuttings

For this method, it is best to choose spring. The stalk is cut from young shoots 5 cm below the bud node. After cutting, the lower leaves are removed from the cutting and the cut is treated with a root stimulator.

Rooting occurs in the ground: you need to deepen the cutting to the node. From above, the seedling is covered with polyethylene and so kept for about a month. During specified period the stalk takes root, after which it can be transplanted to the garden. In this case, hibiscus will begin to bloom next year.

Planting in the garden

You can plant both hibiscus seedlings grown from seeds and cuttings with roots on the garden bed. The following is a step by step process.

1. Prepare holes for plants at a distance of a meter and a half from each other. The size of the hole should be twice the volume of the roots of the plant.
2. Place a drainage layer of broken bricks at the bottom of the recesses.
3. Pour sand on top, then compost, sand again.
4. Remove the seedling from the container so as not to damage its vulnerable roots.
5. Place the seedling in a hole, cover the roots with soil (earth + peat + sand). The root neck should be slightly below ground level.
6. Spud the seedling, forming a watering recess around the trunk.
7. Water the plant.

How to care

With proper care, the plant can live safely for 15 years, while annually delighting with its flowering. Let's get acquainted with the basic requirements for the care of garden hibiscus.

watering

The plant requires regular and fairly abundant moisture. However, it is important to prevent soil flooding and stagnation in it. Make sure that the soil in the hibiscus bed is constantly moist, but without puddles.

If there is a drought, water the plant daily, and on cool days the procedure can be omitted. After watering, it is recommended to loosen the soil to ensure good soil permeability.

Transfer

This procedure is needed mainly by young hibiscus. Usually the plant is transplanted in early spring, trying to be in time before the start of sap flow.

If a we are talking about herbaceous hibiscus, it should be transplanted especially carefully. The fact is that its roots cannot be damaged - such negligence can very quickly lead to the death of the plant. Therefore, dig out the bush very carefully, trying not to touch its rhizomes, it is better to retreat to a decent distance.

How it hibernates

Since winters in our country are usually harsh, garden hibiscus needs to survive the cold under cover. The plant will not withstand frosts below -20 degrees.

Before cold weather, mulch the root circle with peat, trim and then cover the bush with burlap or agrofiber. In this form, the plant will be able to safely survive the winter.

top dressing

Fertilizers for garden hibiscus must necessarily contain phosphorus. And before sheltering for the winter, feed the plant with potassium - fertilizer will help to survive frosts more easily.

We met with such a magnificent plant as garden hibiscus. This unique shrub boasts a rare decorative effect combined with unpretentiousness. It will decorate any site, perfectly combined with most garden plants.

Now you know how to plant it and how to care for it - following the tips from the article, you can avoid many problems when growing hibiscus.

Herbaceous hibiscus for mid-latitudes is more suitable than tree and shrub varieties. It is frost-resistant, decorative terry and simple flowers many large sizes.

Varieties of hibiscus herbaceous

herbaceous hibiscus

It can be annual and perennial, but most flower growers choose the second option, since it does not require additional care and constant planting. Each variety of this species is distinguished by incised, petiolate leaves and bright flowers. Moreover, their color is very different: snow-white, lilac, blue, raspberry, burgundy, yellow and pale pink.

Syrian hibiscus

Syrian rose or Ardens is a very beautiful, deciduous shrub, whose height is 6 meters. Its leaves are large - up to 10 cm in length, their color is bright green. In terms of bud size, the Syrian rose is inferior to the Chinese one, but it differs in beautiful, double, two-color flowers. In order to properly care for the Syrian hibiscus in the garden, you need to prune every year a bush or tree that blooms all summer, including the first week of September.

tree hibiscus

Quite unpretentious, frost-resistant variety, which is very easy to transplant and prune. He will be beautiful flowering hedge on any suburban area, will decorate every garden and window sill of the house. Fulfilling good care behind the tree hibiscus, its flowering will be abundant and long. The very first buds bloom in late spring, and the last in late autumn. A garden tree shrub characterized by medium ovate leaves that appear very late. The height of the bush can be up to three meters, and a width of 1.5 meters.

Hibiscus herbaceous plant description

Description Hibiscus herbaceous is an unpretentious perennial bush plant belonging to the Malvaceae family. Differs in high frost resistance, and very beautiful large flowers. It was obtained by crossing several American varieties, for which it received a second name - hybrid hibiscus.

The root system of hibiscus is dense, well developed. It is located at a depth of 20 to 40 cm, so it tolerates drought well and is not afraid of frost. However, it is not worth digging the soil around the plant much, so as not to damage the roots.

The leaves are large, wide, dark or light green. Their shape depends on the plant variety, and can be oval or round, with a pointed tip.

Herbaceous hibiscus flowers are very large, sometimes reaching 30-40 cm in diameter. The color and number of petals may vary. There are many color options: from white or cream, to soft pink or dark crimson.

Some plant species may have more than a dozen petals. They can be smooth or corrugated.

There are several trunks, they are very tall and strong, they can reach a height of up to 3-3.5 m. Stems and shoots are strongly leafy, thick and smooth, green with a reddish tinge. They do not tolerate frost, so they are completely cut off for the winter.

Growing hibiscus herbaceous in the garden

You can buy seedlings at any garden market, the price depends on the quality and variety. The plant can also be grown from seed.

Location. Growing garden hibiscus begins with choosing a location. The plant is very fond of light and looks great in the company of roses, since most varieties have a height of about half a meter. In a single form, hibiscus looks no worse, and if the climate allows, then surround the plant with lavender, as it drives away pests. The soil. In order for hibiscus to grow in comfort, it needs loose, fertile, permeable, humus-rich soil.

Caring for hibiscus herbaceous in the garden

To grow a beautiful and strong garden hibiscus, care must be carried out systematically. Difficulties in this should not arise. The most important thing is to water the plant on time and periodically feed it. When watering, it is important to avoid stagnant water, as this shrub does not like excessive moisture. Nitrogen fertilizers are suitable as a fertilizer. It is enough to use them once a month. It should be borne in mind that hibiscus, the care and cultivation of which will take place, does not like cold weather. In winter, it can freeze and die. To prevent this from happening, at the end of autumn you need to cut off all the stems. The bush itself needs to be well watered and spud. After that, it must be covered on top with foliage and grass.

There are also varieties that need special conditions. So, for example, marsh hibiscus, others require planting and care. It will grow well in sunny place, but in soil with large quantity water. For this swampy area. If there is a place in the garden where water constantly stagnates, then it is there that such a plant should be planted.

It is very important, before caring for hibiscus, to take into account the characteristics of its variety.

Pruning hibiscus herbaceous in the garden

Regular spring pruning This is a necessary annual maintenance. It is also called hygienic or stimulating. Such pruning is recommended starting from February, until the bushes or trees wake up, until the sap flow begins. Do not be afraid to cut off the excess, last year's shoots must be mercilessly shortened by 1/3 of their length. Your pet will thank you with a plentiful laying of flower buds.

Anti-aging pruning of hibiscus in the fall is carried out in adult specimens. For example, your bush has reached huge size or too thick. Cut out old dry branches, thin out the plant, leaving only the main skeletal ones.

Landscape designers advise leaving the central branch longer than the others. The shape of the crown will be more attractive.

A tree-like representative can form a crown with pruning, for example, make it spherical.

Regular anti-aging pruning (once every 3 years) will strengthen the skeleton of a shrub or tree.

Propagation of herbaceous hibiscus

Hibiscus herbaceous propagated by seeds or cuttings. In this case, you should know that the cuttings at favorable conditions rooted very well.

The upper part of the processes is used as cuttings. Cut them for cuttings in the fall.

Place each cutting in a glass of water and wait until the root panicle appears.

After that, they need to be transplanted into cups with earth and left in the room until spring. At this time, you need to take care of the sprouts in the same way as you would for ordinary houseplants.

Transplant the cuttings into the soil when stable warm weather sets in. In August you will already see the first flowers.

If you plant hibiscus herbal seeds, then its first flowering will come only after three, or even four years. For me, cuttings are much easier than growing from seeds. Seed propagation of hibiscus is usually carried out only by breeders.

And I want to say about one more feature of this plant. Over the years it root system grows very strongly. Therefore, the roots have to be divided. To do this, in early spring, I carefully dig out the rhizome of the bush and divide it into two approximately equal parts.

I sprinkle the place of the cut with crushed charcoal. After that, the roots can be planted in new places. Transplanted bushes bloom with a noticeable delay, but this happens only once.

Diseases and pests of hibiscus herbaceous

Hibiscus is rarely affected by insects and diseases, but if it suffers from a lack of moisture for a long time in dry times, it can be occupied by thrips, aphids, whiteflies and spider mites. To eliminate pests, you will have to resort to double treatment of the plant with Actellik, Fitoverm, Inta-vir, Karbofos insecticides at intervals of a week or ten days.

Of all the known diseases, chlorosis most often affects hibiscus in the garden - the lower leaves of the hibiscus fall off, and the new ones grow yellowish. This happens due to a lack of nitrogen and iron in the soil, so iron chelate should be added to the water for irrigation, and in the spring do not forget to add complex mineral fertilizer containing nitrogen.

Why do hibiscus leaves turn yellow?

Hibiscus leaves turn yellow from chlorosis, as well as in case of injury to the root system, which the plant could have received during transplantation. If the hibiscus turns yellow due to the roots, then it is necessary to add Zircon or Kornevin to the water for irrigation (see instructions) and for spraying the leaves (three drops per half liter of water). Hibiscus leaves turn yellow and as a result of insufficient watering in a hot, dry summer.

• Petioles are prepared in the summer from a young shoot with three growth points.
• The cut is treated with a growth catalyst (Kornevin), planted in a mixture consisting of peat and sand in equal proportions.
• Optimum temperature for keeping (+230С). The cutting takes root in 4 weeks.
• The young plant is transplanted into a fertile substrate (earth, humus and sand).

Important! Seed or cuttings are planted in spring period when the soil thawed Environment warm, no chance of frost.

Sowing seeds:

• Before planting, the seed is soaked for a day in a growth stimulator solution.
• Everything is sown in the same substrate as in the first variant (peat and sand in the same ratio) at a distance of 7 cm between each seed.
• The container is covered with cellophane film or glass.
• Regularly water and ventilate the crop.
• The temperature regime should be + 250C.
• produced after the appearance of several leaves.

Important! The soil in which the seeds are planted needs bottom heating.

Bush division:

• The shrub is completely dug up.
• With the help of a sharp knife it is divided into parts.
• Planting should be according to the above rules.

There is no need to transplant garden hibiscus. But if, nevertheless, this need arises, then this is done in early spring using a similar technology (see the plant propagation section). Watering the shrub is often not recommended; it does not tolerate excessive moisture. This should be done only when the soil under it dries out. However, it is impossible to overdry the soil. Watering should not be frequent, but plentiful. No special requirements for air humidity are required. Except in those cases when the bush is transferred to the room for the winter. These are, as a rule, standard shrubs in tubs. Then they need to be sprayed periodically.

Hibiscus will generously thank flowering if you give it the right top dressing.

shrub likes fertile soil so once every two weeks it needs to be fed throughout the season. Fertilizer should contain phosphorus mixed with and a small amount of nitrogen. Before wintering, potassium is added to the top dressing, this will make it easier for him to endure low temperatures.

This is one of the important and necessary procedures for the plant. Circumcision is performed exclusively with sharp objects, blunt ones can injure the hibiscus. Trim the lower edge of the cut along the oblique so that it is directed inward, the upper edge is outward. It is not recommended to cut 23% of the length of the shoots or branches, this can lead to the death of the plant. There are several types of circumcision:

• Spring. Stimulates flowering.
• Thinning (hygienic). Damaged and painful processes and branches are cut off. Signs: the green color of the cut is healthy tissue, if the color is white, then it is dead.
• Corrective. It is carried out in order to give the bush the correct, aesthetic shape.
• Radical. It is done when the bush is threatened with death. In this case, almost all shoots and branches are cut to living tissue.
• Autumn. Performed in September, when the plant stops blooming. You can not perform this procedure later than autumn, otherwise the bush may not start growing in spring.

Important! A young bush is given a gentle pinching-type pruning, cutting off only the upper parts so that it can branch out and produce more flowers.

Problems when growing hibiscus:

• The tied buds or buds have fallen off - excessive irrigation or lack.
• The upper leaves turned yellow and the lower ones fell off - an excess of iron in the water that irrigates the plant.
• An abundance of green mass, while there is no flowering - an excess of nitrogen in the mixture for feeding.
• Leaves drooping - insufficient watering.

A disease that hibiscus often suffers from is chlorosis. It refers to fungal types of diseases, it can be infected and uninfected. The first is carried by insects, therefore, they must be dealt with initially.

Advice! A diseased shrub needs to be transplanted to another place, regularly sprayed, and strengthened top dressing.

Uninfected chlorosis develops when there is excess moisture, or if the plant long time located in a shaded area. In this case, it is transplanted to a brighter place, watering is adjusted.

Pests:

• Fungal insects - lay their eggs on it, eat the bush.
• Aphid - is considered a carrier of infection, damaging the entire bush.
• Mealybug and spider mites - cover the foliage with white or yellowish spots.
• Thrips and gall midges - affect flowers, as a result they fall off.

Pest control agents are insecticidal preparations, they should be sprayed on a diseased bush. Advice! A soap solution fights fungal mosquitoes well, it can be added to top dressing and sprayed on the space near the hibiscus.

The plant has found its application not only as a culture, but also in medicine and cosmetology. It can even be used as a remedy for certain diseases. It contains: hibisic acid, pectin, anthocyanins, flavonoids and phytosterols. If the plant is in the house, then a healing drink can be made from its flowers.

To do this, you will need: 2 table ladles of crushed color, pour boiling water over it (400 ml will be enough), let it brew a little and strain. This infusion (red color) has such properties as:

• Diuretic
• Choleretic
• Antibacterial
• A separate bush in the heart of the lawn.
• On both sides of the path there is a hibiscus alley. And it looks amazing.
• Together several bushes of different colors
• With undersized coniferous plants.
• How .

It doesn’t matter how and with whom to plant a shrub, it will look good everywhere, as long as it has little wind and enough sunlight. In general, garden hibiscus is an unpretentious plant. If you apply and follow all the recommendations, it will thank you with chic colors and lush greenery.

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