How to insulate a construction trailer with your own hands. Insulated change houses - how to build a house in the country where you can live even in winter

It is selected based on the type of foundation. Most often, country change houses are erected on a pile-screw or columnar type of foundation. At the same time, brick reinforced concrete pillars or metal piles rise above the ground by at least 30 cm. In this case, the method of insulating the floor of the change house on the “rough floors” is practiced.

Method of floor insulation - on subfloors

For this method insulation used sheet polystyrene foam - high density, and mineral wool in the form of plates or twisted into a roll. Initially, a beam of 50 × 50 mm is mounted on the floor with a step of about 100 cm. Sometimes a wider beam of 50 × 100 mm is used. Having mounted the bearing bars, between them the entire space is filled with insulation.

If foam plastic in sheets is used for insulation, a prerequisite is the treatment of the primary wooden surface and load-bearing beams with an emulsion against fungus and mold. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of expanded polystyrene is 0.082 W / sq.m. a, the same coefficient for mineral wool is 0.036 W / sq.m. The difference is not particularly large in terms of insulation, however, polystyrene foam in sheets is practically devoid of air conductivity and the resulting condensate evaporates for a rather long time. If you do not make appropriate treatments for wooden surfaces, the floor of the change house after a few years may begin to rot and become moldy. What is important to consider: Styrofoam can be eaten by rodents.

In the case of filling the space between the bearing bars with mineral wool, the situation changes radically. wooden surface it is enough to treat the floor and bars with an emulsion against bark beetles. However, before laying mineral wool, initially on the entire floor area, along the mounted beams, a vapor barrier film is installed, the principle of operation of which is similar to the operation of a nipple. This film will release moisture and steam from the floor, thereby mineral wool, located in the thickness of the sexual base, will always remain dry. After laying the mineral wool, a second layer of vapor barrier film is mounted on top of it and then the floorboard is stuffed.

Warming method - by lags - warming the space under the change house

Sometimes, summer cottages are erected on a shallow strip foundation. At the same time, a space of 20-25 cm is left under the lags and soil that carry the floor base. It is this space that is filled with insulation. Expanded clay or large granular polystyrene foam is used as a heater, and sometimes rolled mineral wool is also used.

This method also works if foundation blocks, and the space under the change house is closed (with profile sheets, boards - it doesn’t matter).

If we carry out the insulation on already finished object: carefully dismantle the floorboard and evaluate the quality of the bearing logs. If necessary, logs damaged by mold are replaced with new ones and treated with an antifungal coating. Further, the entire space is covered with insulation, while expanded clay or expanded polystyrene is not filled up to the level of the lag by 50-60 mm. The gap left is covered with rolled mineral wool, on top of which a vapor barrier film is mounted. The work on warming the floor of the change house is being completed by mounting it on top of the floorboard film or thick moisture-resistant multilayer plywood.

Some craftsmen advise laying roofing material directly on the surface of the earth in one layer, it will protect the change house from evaporation and condensation.

Floor finish

As a finish for the floor, linoleum, laminate or batten. Linoleum is the most budget option, providing durability and low maintenance. Laminate does not like high humidity, so if the change house is not heated in cold weather, its use is not recommended. Floorboards are a rather expensive way to finish the floor, but they are environmentally friendly, durable and reliable. In budget options on the floor, you can see just raw boards.

Special frame made of metal parts makes our change houses reliable and durable, and the galvanized sheathing on the outside makes the change houses durable and increases their service life. It also protects against rain and high humidity. Change houses metal warmed are equipped with insulation, which makes them reliably protected from the cold, so our metal insulated cabins can perform well in extreme temperatures. Under constant conditions low temperatures this proposal will ideal solution for business and personal use.

Warm cabins

Our warm cabins can be used for various business cases: in the construction, trade, warehouse. As temporary or permanent housing for employees, as a mobile office or for personal residence. Our warm cabins quickly assembled and dismantled, and in order to install them, it is not necessary to build a foundation. Warm cabins allow you to protect your employees and workers from cold weather, gives you the opportunity to organize heating right on the spot and comfortable conditions labor in any cold.

Insulated change houses for summer cottages

Our insulated change houses for summer cottages This is a great savings in time and money. First, you save money when you buy, Secondly you save on heating (due to insulation, less money is spent). And of course, you save your time and can spend it on something else.

When installing floors in a change house, the most common method is used - laying the floor covering on a frame made of wooden lag. Required element, which is part of the "pie" of the floor, is a layer of insulation that protects the premises of the change house from the cold in winter and from the heat in summer.

Material selection

The height of the wooden logs is selected according to the size of the strapping beam laid along the perimeter of the structure. Usually, when building a change house with your own hands, a beam of 10 x 10 cm is used for strapping, then a board of 10 x 5 cm is suitable for the logs. The number of beams depends on the installation step, taken along the width of the insulation plates, equal to 600 mm. For the device of the subfloor, you will need bars 2 x 2 cm and the same thickness of the board of the second grade or OSB plywood 18 mm.

The material for the flooring is selected based on the living conditions. If a summer cottage operated all year round and heated, it is easier to lay a finishing floor from chipboard sheets, on top of which any coating is laid - from linoleum to laminate. For summer living, you will have to put planed boards and simple linoleum on the logs, which is not afraid of moisture.

The ceiling is insulated with the following materials to choose from:

expanded clay;

mineral wool in slabs or rolls with a density of up to 80 kg/m3;

foam plastic with a density of 25-35 kg / m3;

expanded polystyrene extruded 30-40 kg / m3 density.

Each of the heaters has its pros and cons. Mineral wool needs protection from moisture and good ventilation to remove it, but it does not burn. Foamed polymers are not afraid of moisture, but they are flammable, and mice eat foam. Expanded clay is cheap, but has low thermal insulation properties, it must be covered with a thick layer (from 30 cm).

For the device of hydro - and vapor barrier, special films are needed. Waterproofing is carried out by a diffusion membrane that allows steam to pass through, but repels water. Its task is to protect the floors from wind and moisture from below, allowing the steam that forms in the "pie" of insulation to escape. Vapor barrier is a film that prevents steam from getting inside the “pie” from the premises.

Work procedure

The lag is installed in 2 ways. At the first, the logs are inserted into the grooves of a beam of smaller width, laid on the strapping with the second tier. Then a shelf is formed around the entire perimeter of the change house, where the boards of the subfloor will subsequently lie. A more popular way is to fasten to the strapping beam end-to-end, flush with the upper plane. The distance between the lags is adjusted to the width of the plates of the selected insulation.

The rough floor does not carry any load and serves for laying insulation. In the first method of installing the lag, the boards rest on the shelves and are nailed. In the second case, the floor device is made in the following order:

The cranial bars are nailed to the beams flush with the bottom plane.

Subfloor boards are laid on the formed shelves.

The areas between the lags are covered with a diffusion membrane, which is aimed at them with a stapler. The membrane indicates which side should face the insulation, do not confuse.

The cavities are filled with insulation and covered with vapor barrier. Film sheets are laid out over the entire area with an overlap of at least 10 cm and subsequent gluing with adhesive tape.

To ensure a ventilation gap of 2 cm between the film and flooring, on top of the lags, the slats of the counter-lattice are nailed.

The main flooring is laid from boards or chipboard.

Fits top coat and skirting boards are installed.

During the laying of polymer insulation, all joints and cracks are filled mounting foam, in the case of mineral wool, this is not necessary. The installation of flooring from boards or chipboard is carried out so that there is a small gap between the elements (up to 2 mm), otherwise the floors will subsequently creak annoyingly. The same applies to the ends of the boards adjacent to the walls.

Floors insulated with expanded clay

The method described above is not suitable for warming the floors of a change house with expanded clay, since the thickness of the heat-insulating layer is limited by the height of the beams (10 cm). Expanded clay needs to be poured three times more to get a good effect. To achieve this, it is necessary to use the space between the change house and the ground, formed after the installation of the building on a columnar foundation.

When the distance from the ground to the floor of the change house is 30 cm or more, then this cavity can be completely covered with expanded clay. Side gaps under the structure are sewn up with any suitable material, holding the scattering of insulation. Before backfilling, it is necessary to lay a waterproofing layer of roofing material on the ground, and cover the impromptu plinth from the inside with a waterproofing film.

After backfilling with expanded clay, it is not necessary to arrange a subfloor, it is enough to lay and hermetically glue the vapor barrier film, and then lay a finishing coating. As a vapor barrier, you can also use thin foil insulation made of foamed polyethylene, laid end-to-end with gluing with aluminum tape.

A country change house, when carrying out competent insulation and the presence of heating, may well be suitable for living in winter period.

How to prepare a change house for the winter competently:

Floor insulation on subfloors;
Insulation of the ceiling base;
External wall insulation;
Replacing or improving the design of windows.

As practice shows, the weakest link in a change house is the floor. Therefore, even during construction, it is important to correctly determine the foundation (it is necessary, to put the change house on the ground - bad manners and the inability to warm it up normally).

To insulate the floor on subfloors, you will need wooden beam section 50x50 mm, mineral wool, vapor barrier film, floor board and solution against wood pests. Initially, the existing sexual base is cleaned of dust and a protective emulsion is applied. Also, the entire wooden beam is processed in parallel with the solution. When the floor base dries well, a vapor barrier film is spread on it with the glossy side away from you. Further, stepping back from one of the walls of the change house 10-15 cm, parallel to the wall, the first beam is mounted on top of the film on the self-tapping screws.

Having mounted the first beam, 100-120 cm retreat from it and similarly mount the second and all subsequent beams. At the next stage, the entire space between the bars is filled with slab or rolled mineral wool. On top of the mineral wool, on top of all the beams, a second layer of PVC film is mounted with a stapler. The insulation of the floor of the summer house is being completed by stuffing on the existing beams of the floorboard.

Insulation of the ceiling is desirable, of course, to be done from the outside. That is, sheets of slate or ondulin are dismantled, mineral wool is laid and installed in its place roofing material. However, if this operation is impossible to perform, the ceiling is insulated in change houses from nutria. If the ceiling is broken wooden clapboard on a crate made of timber at least 50x50 mm, then the space in the crate can be safely used to fill with insulation. But, if there is no cavity in the ceiling base, the ceiling is insulated in the same way as the floor, followed by clapboard trim.

When insulating the walls of a summer cottage, work begins with coating the planes of the walls with an antifungal solution. When the walls dry on their surface, a 50x50 mm beam is mounted vertically at a distance of 100-150 cm from each other. Further, mineral wool is mounted between the bars with the help of brackets or by surprise. Of course, you can use polystyrene foam for insulation, but a wooden building “wrapped” in foam plastic can quickly begin to bloom. Styrofoam is great for insulating any walls, except for wooden ones. Having mounted mineral wool, a film is stuffed on top of it and a facade board or wide lining is stuffed.

It is very important to pay attention to the wooden windows of the change house. In order to reduce heat losses through a double-glazed window, an additional third glass is installed into the frame, if possible. If this operation is not possible, it is worth considering replacing wooden windows on modern double-glazed windows.

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How to insulate a change house for winter living?

Temporary often becomes synonymous with permanent, when purchasing a change house for the country, you can assume that it will be needed only for the summer season, but in fact it will be needed in the winter. However, not every house will be cozy in cold period. That is why, how to insulate a change house for winter residence is an important issue that needs to be considered. In fact, the correct answer consists of two factors, without each other they will be useless. To live in a change house in the winter cold, you need to not only deal with insulation, but also think about heating the building.

Heating issues

Of course, it is difficult to organize a capital stove in a change house, but there are several systems that will help make the house much more comfortable and provide it with comfortable temperature. So:

Electrical systems. First of all, it can be electric furnaces, which not only have suitable power, but also have good fire safety, as well as protection against possible burns. In addition, wall-mounted heaters are used in change houses, infrared heaters, electric heat guns;
Gas systems. This type can work, for example, on liquefied gas from cylinders;
Heat guns operating on several types of fuel, using diesel fuel etc.

Having decided which particular room heating system to give preference to, you can do the second part of the process.

Wall insulation

Warming of the change house is carried out through the use of the following materials:

Styrofoam;
Mineral wool;
Styrofoam;
Polyurethane.

The minimum layer of insulation should not be less than 50 mm. The thicker it is, the warmer your change house will be. Remember that in addition to the insulation layer, you need to lay a vapor barrier layer, usually materials such as glassine or glassine are used for this. polyethylene film.

Finnish change houses, as well as other houses with a frame base, are insulated as follows:

The inner lining of the house is removed, the wear of the outer is checked, the general condition of the frame and the existing insulation layer (if any) is assessed;
Work is being carried out on necessary repairs if required, the outer skin is sealed;
A waterproofing coating is applied inside sheathing;
A heat-insulating layer is mounted from the type of insulation that you have chosen. To support it, a system of rails is required or it is seated on glue;
A vapor barrier layer made of glassine or polyethylene film is mounted;
The interior lining is being restored.

When the insulation work is completed, the selected heating devices are installed.

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Winter cabins for summer cottages

If a country change house is planned for operation throughout the year, then considerable attention should be paid to the degree of its insulation. In this case, it is worth buying ready-made winter cabins. Warm cabins can be made of wood or metal. Wooden summer cottages are warmer and more comfortable for operation in the cold season, unlike metal ones. Winter change house from metal profile and insulation from the outside brick finish In the event that the purchased change house does not meet your requirements, you can insulate it with your own hands.

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Ways to insulate change houses

You need to know that there are three ways to insulate summer cottages with your own hands: due to interior decoration, due to exterior finish, as well as intra-wall insulation. The last method of insulation can be implemented only in the frame structures of temporary buildings, and its implementation is planned already at the construction stage.

After the country change house has already been assembled and put into operation, it will be very problematic to produce intra-wall insulation.

In our case, we will consider the option of warming a country change house with our own hands in the case when the finished change house requires additional insulation. How to make it? It is best to insulate temporary housing from the outside.

This is due to the following factors: The design of the insulation of the change house made of metal

A layer of external insulation will not reduce the interior space of the room;
External insulation will protect the main structures of the temporary building from freezing in the winter, which will increase their service life;
Many heaters contain toxic substances that will adversely affect the state of the internal atmosphere of the change house;
External thermal insulation for buildings will become an additional layer that will prevent negative impact aggressive factors environment on structural elements of the change house.

However, there is one downside here: additional expenses on wall cladding with siding, blockhouse, etc., since the insulation will need to be isolated from the environment with something.

In case of internal option insulation can be dispensed with polystyrene foam or polystyrene foam. It is economical, easy to install and does not require the installation of additional hydro- and vapor barrier materials.
Building a winter shed wooden frame with foam filling, however, such insulation is temporary and is not suitable for finishing capital change houses for summer cottages.

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Materials for warming change houses and the technology of their laying

Ecowool, basalt fiber and polystyrene foam (or polystyrene foam) are used as heaters for garden sheds. All these heaters have a number of advantages and a number of disadvantages. Let's dwell on each of them in more detail.

Ecowool has a high percentage of not only thermal insulation, but also sound absorption. In this regard, the use of ecowool as a heater provides the change house with warmth and silence indoors.

Basalt fiber differs in that it is absolutely non-combustible material, since it is made from the remains of basalt processing. In addition, even a thin layer of it provides good thermal insulation of the room. An example of warming a change house with basalt fiber However, when warming a change house with your own hands using basalt fiber, gaps are formed between the plates, which require additional sealing.

Insulation requirements.

In the event that warm change houses are planned for use as living quarters, or a cheap country change house is equipped with a stove, a number of requirements must be met:

Ecowool insulation

All of the above requirements are met by such a heat insulator as ecowool, which includes cellulose (about 80%), boric acid (12%) and flame retardants (about 7%). All this makes ecowool a natural eco-friendly insulation material.

Ecowool can be laid in several ways: manual and mechanized (dry and wet).
In the case of warming a small change house (i.e., performing small amounts of work), it is most advisable to use the manual method of laying ecowool. In the case of laying the insulation with your own hands, the costs of warming the change house are significantly saved.

The technology of laying ecowool on the outer part of the wall of the change house is simple and includes several stages.

Stage 1. Installation of the crate. At this stage, vertically located wooden slats, performing the function of the crate. By their intersections, they create cells measuring 0.5 x 2 m.

Stage 2. Installation of the lower layer of the lining. At this stage, the lower row of the lining is mounted up to 0.5 m high.

Stage 3. Ecowool preparation.
ecowool insulation example metal cabins outside Ecowool, taken out of a dense package, is fluffed by hand until its volume increases at least three times. Stage 4. Laying the first layer of ecowool.

Now, ecowool is laid between the stuffed lining and the wall and compacted tightly. Tamping continues until the springy state of cotton wool.

Despite the fact that change houses are temporary buildings, they are used all year round. Therefore, they need to be insulated. Thermal insulation is especially necessary if the change house is used as housing in the cold season. The procedure should be performed for both metal and wooden buildings. Knowing how to insulate a change house quickly and efficiently with your own hands, you can save a significant amount of money.

Thermal insulation materials

The range of materials for thermal insulation is quite wide. To make a choice, it is important to know their features.

Polyurethane is the best material for insulation of buildings, since when using it there are no gaps and joints, which ensures maximum tightness.

Styrofoam is one of the most affordable heaters. It is usually used to insulate the walls of wooden buildings, including cabins. Polyfoam is easy to install and resistant to moisture. But it is worth noting that if the technology of laying the material is not followed, its service life is reduced. If foam is chosen as a heater, you should Special attention pay attention to its quality: low-grade products usually crumble.

Mineral wool has unsurpassed thermal insulation properties. It is fire resistant. Mineral wool allows not only to insulate the building, but also to improve its sound insulation. To achieve an excellent result, it is important to correctly calculate the required thickness of thermal insulation.

Basalt fibers are commercially available in the form of slabs. For their manufacture, the remains of mountain basalt rocks are processed. Such a heater during operation does not lend itself to deformation and does not support combustion. To carry out thermal insulation in a change house using basalt fiber, it is enough to use thin layer material. The disadvantages include seams that are formed as a result of installation, but they can be repaired.

Building facade insulation technology

Scheme of warming change house. Click on the photo to enlarge.

In order for thermal insulation to be performed efficiently, it is necessary to follow the sequence of work. Insulation of a change house begins with the installation of a vapor barrier layer. For this you can use:

special film;
polyethylene;
aluminum foil.

The task of the vapor barrier is the ventilation of the facade. Therefore, if the surface is smooth, vertical slats should be attached to hold the material.

Next, you can lay the insulation material. It is recommended to use mineral wool or fiberglass, as for reliable protection 2 layers of material 10 cm thick will suffice. Mineral wool slabs do not require additional fastening to the surface: due to their rigidity, they fit tightly between the frame slats. There should be no gaps between the plates, and the connecting lines should be displaced, avoiding a continuous joint.

A waterproofing film is installed on top of the insulation, which will protect the mineral wool from moisture. The protective material is attached with your own hands to the frame using a construction stapler. The waterproofing film is laid with an overlap of about 10 cm for better protection, and all joints are glued with construction tape.

Internal thermal insulation

The next step will be the internal insulation of the walls and floor of the change house with your own hands. High-quality materials for the internal insulation of a building include cotton insulation. It is environmentally friendly and safe material for the health of others. The material is difficult to cut, so it will take much longer to work. You can use a similar external insulation.

Installing thermal insulation material, you need to take care of the air vents to eliminate condensate, which should be located at the top and bottom of the wall. To enhance the thermal effect, the heat insulator can be covered with penofol. Its foil surface reflects heat creating a "thermos effect".

Insulation with nefol

To ensure high-quality thermal insulation, it is better to glue penofol in whole pieces, this will reduce the number of joints. All seams must be carefully taped with foil tape so that the coating is airtight.

For greater efficiency, the ceiling and floor in the change house should be insulated. The technology of carrying out is similar to the thermal insulation of walls. After interior work are completed, it is necessary to think about the aesthetic side. On top of the insulation cake, they are attached to all surfaces drywall sheets- they will level the surface and increase the heat and sound insulation of the change house. For work, you should use self-tapping screws and dowels, as they will perfectly cope with this task. Wall decoration can be done upon request. fiberboard sheets. The next step will be finishing work.