How to choose an infrared heater and is it worth buying? How to choose the right infrared heater Which infrared heater is better carbon halogen quartz.

Infrared heaters are in great demand among consumers of heating equipment. They are produced not only in European countries, but also in China and Russia. In the article below, we will talk about what types of infrared heaters are and how to choose them correctly in order to get high-quality and reliable products.

How infrared heaters work

Due to the special design of these devices, the room is heated by infrared heaters by transferring thermal energy to the surfaces of objects in the room, and not into the air. After the walls, floor and other objects heat up, they begin to gradually give off heat to the air.

Please note that when using convectors, rapid heating of the room is simply not possible. The fact is that when turned on, they heat the air, which first rises to the ceiling. Only after some time the whole room will reach the optimum air temperature. In the case of infrared heaters, heat is felt as soon as they are turned on.

The design of the device includes a steel case with an aluminum reflector and a heating element. In addition, it is equipped with a thermostat that allows you to adjust the heating temperature, as well as a sensor - it sends a signal to the automation to turn off. The floor-standing models also have a rollover sensor.

On sale you can find quite a lot of varieties of infrared heaters. The classification of these devices is carried out according to several criteria.

Attachment Method

Infrared heaters for the home are mobile and stationary. Distinctive features of mobile devices are their minimal power and small size. But stationary devices are able to provide high-quality heating.

According to the mounting method, heaters can be divided into 3 groups:

Ceiling models heaters are considered the most convenient. They have a wide range of radiation and at the same time do not clutter up the room. Such devices can be mounted directly to false ceilings or on special brackets. In any case, a gap of 5 cm remains between the ceiling and the body of the device.
Infrared heaters for floor mounting. Such devices have significantly lower power and efficiency, since heat waves encounter many obstacles on their way. Please note that it is desirable to purchase an infrared heater with a carbon or tubular heating element. Ceramic heaters are considered less durable, and halogen elements have negative health effects.
Wall type heaters. When installing a wall-mounted infrared heater, it is important to leave a certain gap between its body and the wall surface. If necessary, the heater can be fixed directly under the window.

Wavelength classification

Depending on the type of heating element, all infrared heaters differ in the wavelength they generate.

The division looks like this:

Heaters that generate long heat waves are designed for temperatures up to 600 ° C. They are successfully used both in private homes and in office or industrial premises with ceilings up to 3 m high. High-quality infrared lamp for heating allows you to effectively heat the room.
Medium-wave infrared heaters are more powerful and can heat up to 600-1000 ° C. Such equipment is used in rooms where the ceiling height varies between 3-6 meters.
Equipment designed to heat up to more than 1000 ° C generates short heat waves. Infrared heaters from this group are most often installed in industrial premises with ceilings over 6 meters or even on the street. But at home, you can not use such a device.

Varieties of incandescent elements

If you decide to purchase an infrared heater for your home, pay attention to the type of heating element in it:

Halogen lamps generating infrared waves. A tungsten or carbon fiber filament is placed inside such a lamp. When power is applied, this filament heats up and transfers energy to the tube, resulting in a golden glow. To protect the eyes from intense luminescence, the lamp can be treated with a special coating. However, for home use, such devices are not recommended because they operate in the shortwave range. It's bad for health.
Carbon heater- This is a quartz tube from which air is completely pumped out. Under vacuum conditions, there is a carbon spiral thread inside. Among the advantages of this device are sufficient efficiency and high heating rate. However, it consumes a lot of electricity and is designed for only a couple of years of continuous operation. For asthmatics and allergy sufferers, such devices are contraindicated.
Ceramic heating elements protected, therefore, during operation they do not glow. The minimum service life of such devices is 3 years. In addition, they are more economical in energy consumption, but also quite expensive. Basically, such equipment is used in medical institutions and saunas.
Tubular variety heating elements in appearance resembles ceramic products. This type of heater is somewhat more expensive, but their efficiency and reliability, as well as ease of use, justify the price. Due to the difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion of the heater body and the coil, cracking is possible during operation - this is perhaps the only drawback of the devices. There are other types of home heaters, but infrared appliances are becoming more and more popular.

Equipment power

It is generally accepted that 1 kW of heater power is designed for 10 m 2 of the area of \u200b\u200bthe room. However, due to possible heat losses through window and door openings, the infrared heater must have a power reserve.

Most often, devices with a power of about 300 watts go on sale. Such a heater can be called effective in small rooms that need to be warmed up for only a few hours - garages, basements or workshops.

When buying a heater for a country house, it should be borne in mind that its power should be about 80 W per 1 m 2.

Infrared Heater Selection Factors

It is worth noting that it is impossible to base your choice only on the calculation of power and the type of heating element.

Pay attention to the following parameters of the heater:

The thickness of the anodizing layer deposited on the IR wave emitter plate must be at least 25 microns. Then the heater will last up to 20 years. If this layer is thinner, the service life of the equipment will not exceed 3 years.
The foil on the emitter should be thick enough. When pressing on the rod with a ballpoint pen, no marks should remain on its surface.
If the heating element is made of ferrous metals, it cannot be used in damp rooms.
The safest is the presence of a basalt insulator without additives in the body. This insulator protects the instrument from overheating.
The body of the device can be made of both steel and aluminum. The first option is more reliable, and the second is attractive in appearance. Whichever option you choose, make sure the surface is clean and free of rust.
Of great importance is the origin of the equipment. Devices made in European countries are more reliable, but more expensive. Heaters are also produced in China - their quality is significantly lower, although the price is more affordable.
Some additional features, in particular the presence of a thermostat, an overheating sensor and a control panel, can significantly improve the quality of operation of the device. This is especially true for ceiling products.

Some subtleties of operation of infrared devices

From the point of view of ease of use, ceiling heaters are considered the best option - they do not need to be constantly moved, just wipe the dust. Floor or wall models must not be covered under any circumstances. In addition, there must be at least 1 meter distance between the appliance and sockets or any objects.

Although infrared rays do not harm human health, it is still undesirable to stay under direct radiation for too long. The optimal safe power parameters of the heater are 60-100 W per 1 m 2.

As already mentioned, short-wave appliances are not intended for use at home, but long-wave heaters must be correctly adjusted in height to ensure efficient use.

The use of heaters with infrared radiation is quite justified in terms of saving resources and convenience, especially since a wide selection of such products is on sale. They are optimally suited for both private houses and industrial premises.

Infrared heaters are popular heating equipment that is produced in Europe, as well as in Russia and China. In order for such devices to be durable and provide effective heating of the home, it is necessary to understand the features of operation and the intricacies of choice.

The design and principle of operation of infrared heaters

The main difference between such equipment and traditional convectors is that not air is heated, but all objects located in the dwelling. In particular, this applies to walls and floors. Only after that all things will begin to give off heat to the air.

It is worth noting that infrared waves, which form heat, are perceived by a person in the same way as heat from sunlight. Accordingly, such heaters are not afraid of drafts.

It is important to remember that any the convector is unable to quickly heat the room, since in the process of operation, warm air moves upwards, which means that the space closer to the ceiling is first heated. To become warm and near the floor, it takes some time. Infrared heaters work differently. It is enough to turn on the device to feel the heat.

Separately, it is worthwhile to deal with the device equipment. So, in a steel case coated with powder paint, located aluminum reflector. There is a heating element here. In addition, there is a thermostat that provides temperature control, and a sensor, due to which the device will automatically turn off if it overheats. If the heater belongs to the floor variety, then a tipping sensor is provided here.

Types of heaters

There are many types of infrared heaters on the market. In addition, there are several classifications of such equipment.

Heaters by mounting method

Heating appliances can be stationary and mobile. The latter variety is distinguished by its compact size and minimal power. Stationary equipment will provide more efficient heating. Such models are divided into 3 groups.

Ceiling infrared heaters found to be the most convenient. They do not take up extra space and are distinguished by an extensive radiation range. Some models can be mounted directly to a false ceiling, while others are fixed with brackets. At the same time, a gap of 5 cm is maintained between the device body and the ceiling.
Floor standing infrared devices are considered less powerful and effective, because there are many obstacles in the way of learning. When buying, you should give preference to a product with a tubular or carbon fiber heating element. This is due to the fragility of the ceramic variety, as well as the negative impact on the health of the halogen element.
Wall heaters fixed directly to the wall. In this case, it is important to maintain a certain gap from the floor surface to the body. If desired, the device can be mounted directly under the window.

Varieties of devices by wavelength

Inside any infrared heater are special heating elements. They all have different wavelengths.

Heating element type

When buying an infrared heater, you should always pay attention to the type of heating element.

Halogen product - This is a halogen lamp that emits in the infrared range. Inside it is a filament, for the manufacture of which carbon fiber or tungsten is used. In the process of heating, infrared energy is released, which is transferred to the tube. In this case, the emission of golden color is carried out. So that it does not irritate the eyes, the lamp can be treated with a special compound. It is important to remember that such heating elements provide short waves, and this can adversely affect human health. Accordingly, this option is not preferred.
Carbon variety is a quartz tube with a vacuum inside. This is where the carbon helix is located. The advantage of this element is considered to be fast heating and higher efficiency, however, the product will last for only 2 years and will consume a lot of electricity. This option is not suitable for allergy sufferers and asthmatics.
Ceramic heating elements are protected, which means that they will not glow during operation. Their service life is at least 3 years. Also, these products are more economical, and their price is relatively high. As a rule, such elements are used in saunas and various medical institutions.
Tubular elements the design resembles a ceramic variety. Their price is higher, which is explained by reliability, ease of use and efficiency. The disadvantage is a slight crackling caused by the difference in the coefficients of temperature resolution of the spiral and the body itself.

Optimum Power

It is believed that 10 m² of room will require a power of 1 kW, however, it is better to purchase infrared heaters with a power reserve, because heat loss through walls and windows is possible.

Often found on sale today models with a power of about 300 W. Such infrared devices will become really effective if it is necessary to warm up the room for several hours. Most often these are basements or garages.

If you want to buy equipment for giving, then when calculating the power, remember that about 80 watts will be enough for 1 m².

What to look for when buying equipment?

To make the right choice, it is not enough to consider only the type of heating element or the power of the device. There are several other important factors to consider as well.

Features of using infrared heaters

Ceiling devices turn out to be the most convenient in operation, because it is enough to periodically brush off the dust from them. Wall and floor models are strictly forbidden to cover with anything. It is important that the front panel of any unit is located at least 1 m from any outlets and objects.

It should be remembered that IR study is not harmful to humans, however, it is not recommended to stay under direct rays for a long time. So that health really does not suffer, it is important to choose a power at the rate of 60–100 W per 1 m².

Heaters emitting short waves are not suitable for domestic use, and products that provide long waves, it is important to adjust the height correctly.

Modern infrared heaters are the optimal source of heat for apartments, private houses and other premises. The use of such equipment is more profitable in contrast to the usual radiators and convectors, which is possible due to the principle of operation of the device.

In the sales of heating devices, infrared heaters (IR) are becoming increasingly popular. When buying, the question often arises of which infrared heater is better, what you should pay attention to.

This type of heating devices, according to the principle of their work, are fundamentally different from classical heaters that use the principle of heating the surrounding air. In the future, heat from the air is transferred to objects. Infrared radiation operates on a different principle, immediately heating objects that have fallen under its action. Thus, all the power of the device is used more efficiently, while the air removes heat from heated objects.

The principle of operation and features of the device

The device is based on infrared radiation. This is a kind of radiation, which is an electromagnetic emission due to the internal energy of an object at a certain temperature. Any heated body emits infrared rays, and the higher the temperature, the more energy it transmits. At the same time, energy is both absorbed and reflected.

An infrared heater is a device that heats bodies predominantly by radiation rather than by convention. With infrared heating, the floor heats up more than the ceiling, thereby creating an optimal temperature balance. You can feel the heat immediately after switching on, because the heater does not need to warm up the air. The amount of oxygen does not decrease, which means that the air does not dry out. A heated object retains heat for a long time. Compared to other heating methods, the device saves up to 40 percent of electricity.

Quite often this type of heater is called a reflector. With its help it is very easy to carry out local heating. in the room, rather than wasting thermal energy on unnecessary heating of the entire volume of the room.

Structurally, the device is a body, most often made of steel. In the middle of it, a beam energy emitter is installed. A heat insulator is attached between the body and heat radiation. A reflector made of foil is installed behind and on the sides. Additionally, a thermostat is installed in the devices that maintains the set temperature, and in the case of a floor-standing version, a tipping sensor.

The main types of infrared heaters

Infrared heaters for the home are presented on the commodity market in a variety of types and characteristics.

Instrument classification

There are heaters according to the following features:

Halogen lamps are low cost, but when they work, a heating light is visible. While quartz and carbon, although more expensive, but they work in the invisible spectrum for the human eye.

Micathermic heater

This device is a new technological solution in the IR heater market. The radiation source in the device is a plate. This plate is made in several layers of mica, due to which thermal radiation spreads evenly, and heating occurs very quickly. Mandatory contains protection against overheating and overturning of the device.

The main advantage lies in efficiency, as energy costs are lower by almost 30 percent compared to other types of IR heaters. Case temperature does not exceed 50 degrees, complete noiselessness. Different variations of the case make such a product even more attractive. Great degree of mobility. The main manufacturer is Polaris. The disadvantage of such a heater is its price.

Criteria for choosing a device for heating

Why do people prefer infrared heaters? Because they have the following features:

In order for the heater to perform the functions assigned to it well and correctly, when choosing, it is necessary to take into account not only the appearance, but also its characteristics. Before buying a heater, you should decide on the following data:

the required power of the device;
installation location;
radiation range and type of heating element;
source of power;
additional functions.

Required power

When calculating the power, the generally accepted recommendation should be used: for an area of 10 m², 1 kW of heater power is required. It is important to note that if there are many glass objects in the heated room, then the required design power must be increased to 1.4 kW. If the device is planned to be used as a supplement to centralized heating, then the minimum power can be selected. So, for a living room with central heating, an IR heater with values of 1.0-1.5 kW is enough (for a room with an area of 20 m³ with a ceiling height of up to three meters). If the height is greater, then the calculated power increases to a value of 1.3 kW per 10 m².

Structural design and installation location

An important parameter to pay attention to is the insulator used. A good option would be if it is made of basalt. The insulator itself is needed to protect the case from heating to high temperatures.

The reflector must be thick enough to maximize the use of the infrared heating power. Acceptable thickness over 100 microns

There are no special requirements for the installation site. Given that the device is lightweight, fixing it to the ceiling or wall will not cause difficulties. When choosing a place for placement, it must be taken into account that the heating of the device is strictly directed and therefore those objects that are located in the zone of the beam will be heated. Some types of materials, primarily plastic, foam, may deteriorate under the influence of an IR emitter, and it is also unsafe to direct it to flammable objects.

The best location will be on the ceiling, but here you need to consider the minimum allowable distance to objects. When placed on the floor the heater is mobile. If necessary, the device can be easily turned to the other side and even rearranged to another place. At the same time, the wall mounting option will fit perfectly into the interior, but the heating area will be narrowed.

Device type and radiation range

Recently, infrared carbon heaters are increasingly being chosen. Their advantage lies in the fact that heat almost instantly begins to flow immediately after the device is turned on, they are able to warm a person and objects even at a distance of up to 3 meters. But the disadvantage of such devices is that it shines in the red spectrum, affecting vision, while its service life is about two years.

Using the tubular type, it will be possible to have no doubts about its reliability and safety, but you will have to put up with constant crackling, which is caused by design features.

The halogen type of heater uses a spiral in its work. It also transfers heat to objects, but it is categorically not recommended to use this type of device on a residential object, since its radiation occurs at short waves. Among the advantages of the device, one can single out a long service life, which is due to the design features, and low power consumption. One of the disadvantages of such a heating element is the long heating time of the surfaces and the same cooling time.

The leader in sales, despite new technologies, remains a device with a protective ceramic shell. Its advantage is that it does not shine in the visible spectrum and is the most economical in terms of electricity consumption. Service life exceeds three years. But the minus of his work is the long heating and cooling of the surface of objects.

The range of radiation can directly affect the health of living organisms affected by radiation. According to the standards, it is considered that a wavelength from 3 to 8 microns will not be able to penetrate beyond the surface. Therefore, the longer the wavelength, the safer such an emitter. Starting from a value of 1.5 microns and below, intense exposure can cause disturbances in the body. For apartments, it is better to purchase heaters with a wavelength greater than 5.6 microns, with an operating temperature range of 100-600 degrees.

Power supply and additional functions

Infrared heaters can be electric, gas and diesel, but for the home it is advisable to purchase an electric model. With high efficiency, they are safe and durable.

The device can be equipped with mandatory and optional elements that allow you to use it more comfortably and safely. Of the mandatory ones, these are various sensors that allow you to set the temperature and avoid overheating. Of the additional ones, this is the presence of a liquid crystal screen, a remote control, etc.

Manufacturer model

There are models of both domestic, European and Asian manufacturers on the market. But do not think that the more expensive the device, the better it is. First of all, you need to pay attention to the presence of a certificate for the device and the warranty period declared by the manufacturer. The main manufacturers are:

Of course, the appearance will also be important when buying. After all, a properly selected infrared heater will give living rooms not only warmth, but also coziness and comfort.

Infrared heaters radiate heat similar to the heat given off by the sun. IR rays are easily absorbed by objects that are in the room. As cold surfaces heat up, the air temperature begins to rise.

Operating principle.

Radiant direct heat is electromagnetic waves in the range of 0.75 ÷ 100 µm. The source of such rays is an IR heater.

Infrared heaters for the home operate in the long range of infrared radiation: 5.6 ÷ 100 microns. It is important that rays of this length do not penetrate the skin, but only heat its surface.

You need to know that there are sanitary standards (SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96) that regulate the intensity of exposure to infrared waves. The main purpose of infrared devices is to heat objects in the room, not people.

In the middle (2.5 ÷ 5.6 μm) and short (0.75 ÷ 2.5 μm) ranges, industrial IR devices operate, propagating electromagnetic waves at a distance of up to 12 m. It is not recommended to use such infrared radiation heaters in everyday life.

Traditional heaters heat the surrounding atmosphere. Due to the lower density and mass, warm air goes up, displacing cold air down. The temperature near the floor in this case is the lowest: cold feet confirm this. It takes hours to comfortably warm up a medium-sized room. This is convection, indirect heat.

Energy sources for IR heaters: electricity, natural gas or diesel fuel. The infrared heater of residential premises works exclusively from the outlet - the rest of the energy sources are used in production conditions.

Types of household electric infrared heaters.

Ceramic, in the form of wall panels. Source of IR rays: resistive cable or heating element. Does not emit visible light.

Carbon, in the form of floor or ceiling appliances. IR Source: Quartz tube filled with conductive carbon fibers. Visible light is small.

Mycathermic, in the form of floor (equipped with wheels for movement), or wall hanging panels. The emitter is a nickel plate, covered on both sides with layers of mica: it increases the wavelength to a safe one. The latest models of such devices are multilayered: on the back side, the layer reflects, and on the front side, it enhances the radiation. The temperature of the device is not higher than 60 ° C, the rays are not visible.

Film, in the form of film rolls for underfloor heating. The source of the rays is a resistive cable that heats the inner metal coating of the film. Not a light source, maximum temperature up to 70°C.

HEATING OF A COUNTRY HOUSE WITH INFRARED HEATERS

For a private house, infrared devices are used as the main or additional heating. Depending on this, preference is given to stationary or portable devices. For main heating, it is preferable to use ceiling (panel or open) appliances and a warm infrared floor.

It is rational to arrange constant heating with infrared heaters fixed to the ceiling in one room from several low-power devices. One powerful one creates an “iron on the head” effect: this is the main argument of the opponents of infrared heating.

Ceiling-mounted IR devices, even with effective thermal insulation facing the ceiling, can deform non-mineral finishes over the years. Plastic panels are recommended to be protected additionally.

In order to maintain an acceptable temperature during a particularly frosty period or in the off-season, when the main system is already turned off, wall or floor options are preferred. There are also models for local heating of the legs. Such infrared heaters for an apartment with central heating are a reasonable solution.

Obviously, any heating, including infrared, gives the greatest effect in a room with high-quality thermal insulation.

Practice shows that it is not yet possible to heat the street economically. Even the elementary elimination of small heat leaks significantly reduces energy costs.

An electric infrared heater has significant advantages over other types. The main ones are:

Security.

When buying an IR heater, safety performance is given top priority. Heating its surface does not reach such a high temperature as other heaters. Additional protection (metal sheath) always covers the heating elements. The thermal relay turns off the device when the programmed temperature is reached. Floor models automatically shut off when tipping over.

Maintenance and care.

The infrared heater needs periodic cleaning of the reflectors and replacement of the heat source at the end of its service life. No moving parts, no need to change filters. Overall service is minimal.

Thermal parameters.

When heated with infrared heaters, effective heating is provided immediately after switching on. The output to the operating mode does not exceed half an hour. Infrared heaters quickly provide indoor comfort, regardless of the outside temperature. The generated heat is reflected by a polished metal reflector.

It extends several meters in front of the heater. The heating efficiency is not affected by drafts and wind - this allows you to use the device on the street. Instead of heating the air like conventional heaters, infrared heaters heat the objects they are aimed at.

Low noise level.

In certain rooms - bedrooms, classrooms, science labs - it is important to have a heater that works silently. Infrared heaters do not have moving parts or a fan: they do not create noise. The crackling inherent in some appliances is only audible when heated or cooled.

Savings and energy efficiency.

The advantage of any locally installed heater is zoning. With an infrared heater, it is possible to heat only that part of the house that is used at a particular moment. At the same time, savings on heating will be 30-50%.

Infrared heaters use significantly less energy than conventional heaters. To provide zone heating, a power of 100 W per 1 sq. m. The reflector used in the design instantly delivers almost 100% of the generated heat in a given direction.

The intensity of work in all models is changed using a thermostat (can be supplied as an option). Actual savings depend on thermal insulation, room height, construction type and other factors.

Environmental friendliness.

Electric infrared heaters operate without organic fuel, do not have toxic by-products of combustion, open flame. Nothing is added, nothing is taken from the surrounding air.

Unlike open coil heaters, which significantly reduce humidity, IR heaters do not dry the air.

THE BEST INFRARED HEATERS

Regardless of the manufacturer, for home use, preference should be given to devices equipped with a thermostat (mechanical, electronic) or having the ability to connect it. Electronic programmable controllers with floor and air temperature sensors are the ideal solution.

The degree of protection of the device is also important: IP at least 20. For dusty and damp rooms - IP-54. This indicator must be indicated in the product passport. Good moisture protection guarantees safe use in bathrooms.

Infrared thermal technology is developing very rapidly, the prices of outdated models are constantly declining. Their main drawback is the need to replace the emitter after 2-3 years of operation. Modern mikathermic infrared heaters last up to 20 years.

In the Russian market, infrared heaters for a private house or apartment, street or gazebo (thermal umbrellas) are represented by dozens of domestic and foreign manufacturers. The price range is quite wide. The answer to the question of which infrared heater is better depends on the expected conditions of its operation.

TOP HEATER BRANDS FOR HOUSE AND APARTMENT

PLEN.

Film electric heater for universal use: for ceilings, floors, wall panels. This technology is easy to install, has a guarantee of 10 years and a half-century service life. Many domestic manufacturers produce such heaters.

For high (including suspended) ceilings of suburban private houses, interiors with high design requirements. There are mikathermic models. Thermostats optional.

NeoClima.

Open and closed devices of various capacities with a heating element - emitter.

Timberk.

Closed-type quartz or carbon emitter. The minimum suspension height is 2.2 m at a power of 800 W (for 8 m 2). Several of these devices will provide heat to a living space of any size.

The listed manufacturers additionally provide heaters with thermostats, some of them with remote controls.

For wall and floor use, micathermic type appliances are recommended. The Polaris brand offers models of various capacities. Film infrared floor heating using PLEN technology meets all the requirements for efficiency and safety.

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Interest around space heating with infrared devices does not subside: some consider them inefficient, others consider them the most comfortable and economical.

Before choosing an infrared heater, you need to understand its technical characteristics and installation nuances, as well as get acquainted with modern models on the market. Our article is devoted to these issues - here we will consider in detail the advantages of this type of heaters, we will highlight the main varieties on the market.

We will also consider the best models of well-known manufacturers, which users rated above others. In addition, the article is provided with thematic photos and videos with recommendations on choosing the best heater for your home and apartment.

Electric models, which are most common in everyday life, operate on 220 V and at the same time spend much less energy than alternative oil coolers.

Classifications of infrared devices

The division into groups was based on such parameters as the length of thermal waves, the place and method of installation, power supply (the energy source from which IR devices operate). Before deciding which model of infrared heater to choose, you need to get acquainted with all the possible options for devices.

Classification #1 - division by energy source

Depending on what kind of power the IR device needs, the following types of heaters are produced:

electrical;
gas;
liquid (water);
diesel (kerosene).

They differ not only in the source of energy, but also in design, characteristics and cost.

The largest group is electrical models. They can be divided into two subgroups: radiating heat waves and radiating heat + light.

The second subgroup includes devices with halogen, carbon or quartz lamps, the main heating element of which can be a carbon coil, tungsten or nichrome filament.

There is also a classification according to the type of heating element, when lamp devices are assigned to one group, solid-state (ceramic) to another, and to the third. Some manufacturers classify devices based on the features of the model range.

For example, a series of devices of the Ballu brand (S2, AP4, APL, LW, etc.) are arranged depending on the installation location and specific purpose - heating the entire room, an area on the street, a separate object.

Film IR electric heating systems are good for mounting on the ceiling or wall - a large working area provides efficient and uniform heating of the room (garage, porch, workshop)

Gas devices were previously used only for heating industrial facilities, but now there are many household models. They operate from gas cylinders of various sizes (usually from 5 liters to 50 liters) and spend approximately 300-350 g of fuel per hour.

Safety is achieved by safety valves that operate if the gas supply stops or when the concentration of CO 2 in the air reaches more than one and a half percent.

An example of a portable gas-powered device is the Kovea piezo ignition travel model (Fire Ball series), which can be used for heating and reheating food

Diesel heaters are used where it is not possible to connect to electricity or use a gas cylinder. Mobile models can also be taken with you to the country house or to the garage.

There are special camping options for tents. They are efficient and economical as they require little fuel.

Unlike diesel heat guns, infrared models do not emit combustion products, and therefore do not burn oxygen in a confined space.

There is also such a variety as infrared electrical appliances with hot water supply. They are connected to the heating system and provide heating to the lower part of the premises. The FRICO Aquaztrip AZB panels, designed specifically for energy savings in industrial and administrative buildings, can serve as a model.

Scarlett SC-253 is a striking example of an electric floor IR heater, ideal for local office or residential heating.

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And it is also necessary to determine exactly where the device will be installed, whether it is necessary to transfer it to another room, what heating area should be calculated on, which power source is preferable for it.

Power is calculated in the standard way: 1 kW per 10 m², that is, to heat one room, a device with a power of no more than 2 kW is required.