The technology of internal insulation of a country house. Insulation of a country house for winter living Insulation of country houses from the inside

Warming the cottage is an event that should not be postponed, but completed before the cold snap sets in. You should know that the insulation procedure itself concerns many elements of the building, moreover, it can last several weeks. But something else is more important - to correctly choose materials and execution technology, since it depends on this how effective the result will be. It is worth adding that with the help of the simple tricks described in the article, you can save a little on thermal insulation.

So, how to insulate a country house? Immediately make a reservation that insulation can be of two types:

• external;
• internal.

Consider the features of each of them.

External insulation of the cottage

Such insulation is able to protect not only the room from freezing, but also the material from which the building is made. In this case, the “dew point” will shift towards the street, and condensate will form outside the elements made of wood, but under the ventilated facade (the moisture will soon dry out under it).

Consider how external insulation is made.

Stage one. Material selection

In the role of a heater in this case, it is better to use mineral or basalt wool. In the case of wooden structures (and country houses are often wooden), it is undesirable to use foam plastic, since it is vapor-tight, which means it does not remove steam from the surface. Mineral wool can have different density and thickness. The denser it is, the easier it is to install and the longer it will retain its original properties. Loose insulation will slide and crumble, spreading dust harmful to the body. In a word, it is not worth saving on the quality of the insulation material.

Note! The advantages of the material include the fact that it does not burn and rodents do not “love” it, which distinguishes it favorably from the same foam.

In addition to the heat insulator itself, work will require a film that will be laid in 2 layers - one to protect against moisture penetration, the other for wind and hydro protection. The film is laid on wooden surfaces. Tellingly, it must be vapor-permeable and remove moisture from the wood to the outside through a heater. Wind protection is installed on top of the heat insulator, and it is necessary.

Outside, the insulation layer can be covered with any material, but you need to leave a gap for ventilation. This design is called a ventilated facade. The air between the facing surface and the walls will circulate, due to which moisture will be removed from the mineral wool. This will increase the life of the building as a whole.

Stage two. Warming procedure

Below is an algorithm of actions for thermal insulation of a country house.

Step 1. First, the walls are treated with an antiseptic, and in two layers. The utmost attention should be paid to the corners, as well as the crown located below. The ends of the logs should be treated with special care, because they are often the most exposed to decay. The application of the antiseptic itself is carried out in dry, warm weather, after which the walls are left for a couple of days so that the agent is completely dry.

Step 2. Next, an insulating film with a vapor-permeable coating is attached to the walls (a mounting stapler is used for fixing). The coating of the sides of the film may be different. In this case, the porous side goes to the wall (it absorbs and removes excess moisture), and the smooth glossy side goes to the street. The film is attached with an overlap of 10 centimeters, all joints are glued with mounting tape.

Step 3. A vertical-type wooden crate is installed on top of the film (it is constructed from bars, the thickness of which is equal to the thickness of the insulating material). The step between the bars should be 4-5 centimeters smaller than the width of the mineral wool mats. In this case, the material will fit snugly against the crate and hold well there even without additional fixation.

Step 4. We continue to disassemble how to insulate a country house from the outside. Mineral wool slabs are laid on top of the film between the lathing bars, pressing each of them a little. If necessary, the material is cut with a regular knife. If the material is not hard enough or poorly held inside the crate, then it can be temporarily fixed with slats. The final fastening of the mats is carried out using anchor nails.

Note! If thermal insulation is laid in several layers, then the new layer is laid with offset joints - that is, so that the sheets overlap the joints of the previous layer.

Another important point: all work related to the installation of mineral wool slabs must be carried out exclusively in a respirator and special protective gloves.

Step 5. A layer of wind and waterproof membrane is laid on top of the cotton wool (staples are used again). It is important that the side with hydroprotection "looks" at the street. The material is laid with an overlap, the joints are still sealed with mounting tape.

Step 6. A ventilated frame is installed on the film. It is made from the same bars that were used for the crate. At the same time, a small gap (about 50 centimeters) for ventilation should remain between the insulation and the frame. The bars are installed to the previous frame by means of self-tapping screws, and if the surface of the walls is sufficiently even, then perforated profile hangers can be used, thanks to which the distance to the frame can be adjusted.

• vinyl siding;
• timber imitation;
• metal profile;
• block house.

During the finishing, you need to pay attention to the fact that the cracks do not remain, otherwise moisture will seep through them into the structure.

Video - Sheathing and insulation of a wooden house

Do you need internal insulation?

We find it difficult to answer this question, since approaches to insulation can be radically different. So, some builders do not favor internal thermal insulation, explaining that ventilated siding, which requires the same costs, is much more efficient, and there is less fuss with it. Let's try to find out if this is the case.

How to insulate a frame house?

Earlier we talked about what materials should be used when insulating a frame house and fully described the insulation technology, in addition to this article, we advise you to read this information

First, let's deal with the main problems that may arise before insulating a country house. If you use materials intended for outdoor use, when insulating the ceiling, walls, etc. internal surfaces, they will "eat" a significant part of the free space. After all, high-quality thermal insulation is a mandatory sandwich (it is described above), the thickness of which can reach 80-100 millimeters. Another problem is that when a cold wall comes into contact with warm air in a building, condensation can form on its surface. Because of this, the air in the house will be constantly damp, and the materials used for insulation will begin to rot or lose their original properties.

Can all these troubles be avoided? Yes, if you approach the issue competently and do everything according to the technology below.

Stage one. Choice of insulation material

In this case, the requirements for a heat insulator are somewhat different than if the insulation was carried out outside.

Note! But the main requirement remains - this is the minimum vapor permeability, although this parameter can be compensated by good vapor barrier.

Another insulation for interior work should be environmentally friendly - this is perhaps the most important point that you should pay attention to when buying. The next criterion is thermal conductivity, which determines the thickness of the material to be installed. Obviously, it is not advisable to use thick insulation in a country house, because, as noted above, it will reduce the free space inside the building.

As a rule, mineral wool is used for insulation. It is environmentally friendly, while the rest of the characteristics have already been considered at the beginning of the article. However, it is more suitable for outdoor work. Why? Because it has a high vapor permeability. Moreover, it also has poor hydrophobicity - mineral wool absorbs moisture, which is why it collapses faster. Therefore, extruded polystyrene foam is more suitable for internal insulation. It is an environmentally friendly and efficient heat insulator with minimal vapor permeability. It also does not absorb moisture, which is also very important. Finally, for an ordinary country house, a layer of much thinner thickness will be required than if mineral wool was used. Installation does not require the construction of a frame - the material is simply mounted on glue.

Stage two. Wall insulation

The walls are insulated in one layer, while it is necessary that the surface has been previously prepared. The sequence of actions is given below.

Step 1. Everything unnecessary is taken out of the room - furniture, decorative items, mirrors, etc. Wallpaper (if any) must also be removed.

Step 2. The surfaces of the walls are cleaned of dirt. All detected irregularities are sealed with plaster.

Step 3. After the plaster mortar has hardened, the walls are covered with two layers of primer mixture.

Step 4 Styrofoam sheets are stacked from the bottom up. For fixing, a special glue is used - it must be applied evenly over the entire back of each sheet.

Dowels may not be used. The main thing is to make sure that the insulation fits snugly against the walls.

Step 5. The joints between the sheets are sealed with a sealant or glued with a reinforcing tape. It is worth remembering even before insulating the country house from the inside that the foam does not need additional vapor barrier laying.

Step 6. A crate is being built on the insulation, on top of which the previously selected finishing material will be installed.

Stage three. Floor insulation

With the help of polystyrene foam, the floor can be insulated both along the logs and under concrete pouring. In the first case, the material slabs are simply adjusted in size and laid between the lags. There will be no load on the plates here, so almost any type of polystyrene foam will do.

But if the screed is insulated, then the heat insulator plates must be very strong. The algorithm of actions for warming the floor for concrete pouring is as follows.

Step 1. A film is laid for waterproofing. This must be done with an overlap of approximately 100 millimeters.

Step 2. Insulation plates are laid.

Step 3. A reinforcing mesh is installed on top of it (an ordinary solution can be used to fix it).

Step 4. At the end, a finishing screed is performed (in most cases, its thickness of 60-80 millimeters is sufficient).

Stage four. Ceiling insulation

The ceiling can also be thermally insulated with expanded polystyrene boards. The sequence of actions in this case will be as follows.

Step 1. The surface of the ceiling is cleaned of dirt, if necessary, irregularities are repaired with plaster (the same as in the case of walls).

Step 2. The back side of each foam plate is evenly covered with a special adhesive.

Step 3. The plates are alternately glued to the surface.

Step 4. As soon as the glue dries, the material slabs must be additionally fixed with umbrella dowels.

Step 5. A putty mesh is laid on top of the thermal insulation material.

Step 6. The ceiling is covered with a layer of putty.

Video - Thermal insulation of a country house

Stage five. Roof insulation

As far as we know from the school physics course, heated air flows always rise up. Therefore, if the roof of a country house is not properly insulated, then most of the heat energy will simply leave the building.

To perform the internal thermal insulation of the roof, it is necessary, first of all, to build a wooden frame (it will somewhat resemble the crate described above). For the construction of the frame, bars are used, they are attached to the roof with nails or self-tapping screws. Alternatively, instead of a wooden frame, metal profiles can be used (just like when constructing a base for plasterboard structures).

Insulating material is laid between the bars. If mineral wool is taken as such, then anchoring is additionally required. If we are talking about expanded polystyrene plates, then it is quite enough to cut the material so that it fits snugly between the bars. In fact, ideally, you need to lay two layers at once - from mineral wool and polystyrene foam. All this can be sheathed with thin sheets of chipboard.

Video - Roof insulation

Finally. Basic requirements for internal insulation

So we figured out how to insulate a country house. It remains only to get acquainted with the key requirements put forward to this process.

• A vapor barrier film is a prerequisite for high-quality thermal insulation. Moreover, it is not worth saving on the film (in principle, the same as on the material that will be used to seal its joints).
• Before laying the insulation material, all work surfaces must not only be thoroughly cleaned, but also covered with a special compound that will prevent mold in the future.
• The thermal conductivity of the material used must be minimal. Ideally, this indicator of the heat insulator should exceed that of the wall itself.
• The thickness of the insulation layer should be calculated with maximum accuracy, while proceeding from the specific climate conditions in your area.
• During insulation (internal), care must be taken to ensure that there are no voids between the material and the surface of the walls. In order for the contact to be extremely tight, the glue must be spread evenly on the back side.
• To reduce humidity inside the building, it is recommended to take care of forced ventilation.

Country houses, originally intended only for summer living, often begin to be used in winter. In this case, the question arises of how to ensure a comfortable room temperature in the cold season. It is impossible to do without thermal protection work.

Insulation of a country house is a whole range of measures to isolate different parts of the building structure, which allow you to equip it for winter living.

The choice of insulation

Before starting work, it is necessary to determine the type of thermal insulation. With basic building skills, the right choice of insulation and knowledge of technology, most activities can be done by hand.

The modern market provides customers with a wide range of materials that will help to insulate a country house with high quality. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages.

The key indicators that affect which insulation should be chosen are thermal conductivity, moisture resistance, durability, and fire safety.

There are several groups of thermal insulation materials:

1. mineral wool;
2. cellulose;
3. polystyrene.

Each of the above groups deserves detailed consideration.

Often referred to simply as mineral wool, they are an inorganic fiber, usually from porphyrite. Between the fibers is an air gap, which occupies about 95% of the total volume.

The advantages of mineral wool are its high heat and sound insulation qualities, durability, environmental friendliness, fire safety. The main disadvantage is the low resistance to moisture.

Cellulose insulation is made from recycled cellulose. The main advantages of the material are the low coefficient of thermal conductivity and the ability to fill in hard-to-reach places for insulation; it fits well into any small cavities and gaps. Installation is carried out by spraying, manual or mechanized laying, backfilling. Typically, such materials have antiseptic and fire-fighting impurities in their composition, which makes them reliable in case of fire and resistant to rodents and insects.

Among the disadvantages of cellulose insulation can be identified:

• strong shrinkage over time;
• when applied wet, all metal structural elements must be coated with paint or varnish, because due to the long drying time of the material, corrosion may begin;
• high final cost of the thermal insulation system, since high-quality insulation requires a large amount of insulation.

Polystyrene heat insulators

Polystyrene heaters, the main representative of which is expanded polystyrene, are granules filled with air. Due to this, the materials hold heat well. The granules have a cellular structure and therefore practically do not let moisture through. Expanded polystyrene is produced in the form of plates, which are very light and easy to install.

A significant disadvantage of this group of heaters is their instability to high temperatures, and, as a result, a fire hazard.

What is better?

The most competent solution to the question of which material to choose is the combined use of several types of insulation in different parts of the building structure.

Mineral wool should be used for thermal insulation of structures that are not subject to constant loads. Cellulose is better suited for insulating facades, roofs, floors, and polystyrene - for foundations and basements.

The arrangement of the heat-insulating system of a country house includes the insulation of floors, walls, ceilings, doorways and windows. Each of these events has its own characteristics.

The sequence of these operations is not fundamentally important and is determined based on the individual characteristics of the house. For example, if the walls are insulated from the inside, then they are first isolated, and then they work with the floor and ceiling.

Working with wall surfaces

It is preferable to do the wall insulation with your own hands from the outside, because at the same time the interior space of the country house, often not spacious enough, does not undergo any changes. Before applying the heat-insulating coating directly, the surfaces are thoroughly cleaned of dust and dirt, treated with protective solutions against insects and rodents.

Layers of waterproofing and vapor barrier are also preliminarily created. After performing these steps, a frame is mounted, the step between the rails of which is about 50 centimeters. The thickness of the frame structure itself should be 2-5 centimeters more than the layer of insulation to be laid to ensure the ventilation gap.

The selected heat-insulating material is placed directly between the racks and is covered with a film on the outside to protect against external factors.

To fix the insulation, special dowels are used. After the installation of the heat-insulating layer is completed, the walls are covered with facing material, for example, siding.

Floor

When insulating an already operated country house, the old floor covering is completely removed. It is necessary to do this for the uniform distribution of the heat-insulating material, regardless of whether the work is done by builders or by hand.

After laying the bars, a heat insulator is laid. It is preferable to use cellulose insulation, but you can also choose polystyrene foam. The finished heat-insulating layer is sheathed with new boards, then the flooring is laid.

Thermal insulation of the roof and ceiling with mineral wool

In the absence of a properly insulated roof structure, the insulation of a country house is practically useless. After all, according to the laws of physics, warm air tends to go up.

Mineral wool can be chosen to insulate the roof or ceiling. This is a lightweight material that does not create significant loads on structures. At the same time, it fills all the cavities well, without letting heat out. When working with mineral wool, be sure to use goggles or a mask.

If the attic is not used for living, you can limit yourself to thermal protection of the ceiling. Insulation plates are laid in the space between the ceiling beams from the side of the attic on a pre-laid layer of vapor barrier. The width of the mineral wool fragments should be slightly greater than the distance between the beams. The gaps formed after laying should be filled with mounting foam. Then a layer of waterproofing is attached to the beams using self-tapping screws.

When arranging an operated attic space, the main efforts for thermal insulation are transferred to the insulation of the roof itself. The role of the frame in this case will be performed by load-bearing beams.

It is important to consider that before laying mineral wool, it is necessary to lay a layer of waterproofing material, on top of which insulation is installed.

As with the thermal insulation of the ceiling, all cracks left after laying the insulation must be sealed with foam. Then, using a stapler, a vapor barrier layer, such as glassine, is attached to the mineral wool. For reliable fixation, the entire structure is fixed with counter-rails or a profile.

Insulation of door and window openings

The thermal insulation of doorways and windows largely depends on the characteristics of the doors and window structures used. If the front door is made independently, then the space between the outer and inner layers must be filled with insulation by analogy with wall insulation.

Also an important point in the thermal insulation of openings is to ensure tightness between the walls and directly door and window frames. For these purposes, it is recommended to use special sealants and putties.

Summing up

It is quite possible to carry out work on the insulation of a country house on your own. But this process must be taken seriously. After all, missing the smallest details, you can face the problem of moisture accumulation in the insulation or initiate the process of decay of wooden structures. If everything is done correctly in accordance with the technology, then you can ensure comfort and coziness in the country for many years.

When using a country house not only in the summer season, but also in cold weather, it becomes necessary to insulate it.

To solve this problem, two main questions need to be answered: where does the heat leak occur and how is it more efficient

Causes of heat loss

It is not difficult to determine the cause of heat loss. It usually escapes through poorly insulated walls, roofs, floors, windows, and various gaps.

Experts offer to insulate the cottage not only from the outside, but also from the inside.

Material selection

There are a number of requirements for thermal insulation materials.

The insulation must have low thermal conductivity, good hygroscopicity, fire safety and environmental friendliness.

It is necessary that the material reliably prevents heat transfer between the outer and inner parts of the walls, well protects the structure from the inside.


Today, mineral wool based on basalt or fiberglass is widely used as a heater. If the ventilation of the house is properly equipped, moisture will not be a problem for this material.

New products for high-quality insulation of summer cottages with their own hands are constantly appearing on the building goods market. For example:

• flax fiber insulation - the material is produced in plates, it is easy to cut, does not change shape, environmentally friendly, has good antiseptic properties;
• ecowool - sprayed loose heat insulator, consisting of recycled cellulose with the addition of antiseptics and fire retardants;
• soft fiberboard (MDF) is an environmentally friendly material, it can immediately strengthen the walls.

How and with what to insulate is a matter of taste and a good choice. The main thing is that the country house is reliably protected from the winter cold.

Roof

The roof, if installed incorrectly, can “steal” from you more than 10% of the heat spent on heating the house.

When choosing thermal insulation for a roof, pay attention to the service life, which depends on many external factors: temperature fluctuations, precipitation (especially snow), wind strength and direction. Pay special attention to the water resistance of the material. Also, isolation must be safe for health. The first sign of safe isolation is the absence of a sharp, pungent odor.

Roof insulation with polymeric materials is not the best solution. They ignite very easily and quickly, so you will have to take increased fire safety measures.

for the roof, stone wool can be considered, which is designed for thermal protection of structures that do not carry serious loads.

Walls

It is the main stage of work, since they occupy the main area of ​​\u200b\u200bany building and have the highest heat transfer.

Surface preparation

Before insulating wooden walls, be sure to clean the entire surface of dirt. Carefully treat the walls from the inside with special solutions and aerosols that will protect the wood from insects. Then caulk all the gaps with dry tow and a thin chisel.

insulation

Jute fabric is very well suited as a heat insulator for walls. It is quickly and easily laid with a construction stapler, does not rot, is not blown out by the wind and is not of interest to moths. Tow and jute fiber have low thermal conductivity due to the capillary structure, easily give off moisture. In addition, as bactericidal materials, they successfully resist the spread of fungus.

It is not recommended to use improvised materials for warming the walls of a country house: felt, batting, wool. They absorb a lot of moisture. As a result, the process of decay quickly begins, and moths are sure to start in the wool.

Window

After the walls are insulated, we move on to the windows. They also lead to significant heat loss, so windows should be given close attention, especially if the design is outdated.

Cleaning and waterproofing

The frames of the house should be thoroughly cleaned of dust, cracked glass should be replaced, and the gaps between the walls and frames should be repaired.

For high-quality insulation, you will need silicone sealant in a special gun. It reliably protects the joints from the inside from fungi and mold.


Mounting foam will also work. However, it quickly collapses from the sun and is not entirely aesthetic. If you opt for foam, then you will have to take measures to protect it from ultraviolet rays.

D-profile tape

Then you need to glue the sealing tape. D-profile tape works best. It effectively closes gaps up to 7 mm. For a more secure fit, you can secure the tape with studs or staples.

Glass film and slope insulation

To maximize, paste over them with a heat-saving film. This material is applied directly to the glass. When laying the film, there should be no folds, swelling, bubbles. Carefully done work will save more than 30% of heat.

Do not forget about the insulation of the slopes. For this, various materials can be used, for example, polyethylene foam or mineral wool. The insulation is fixed on the slopes with glue.

Floor

There are many modern materials for floor insulation. The main thing is that the country house from the inside is as dry as possible.

Styrofoam

Expanded polystyrene does not absorb moisture, durable, strong, good antiseptic. It is convenient to work with such material, since it does not change the initial volume.

mineral wool

Mineral wool is sold in various versions: rolls, slabs, mats. Low density, environmental friendliness, wear resistance, relatively low price are its main advantages.

Penofol

The new material penofol has already shown its best side and gained popularity. It is sold in rolls consisting of a layer of foil and insulation. Most often, the basis is polyethylene foam.

Insulation requirements.

When choosing a material for insulating the floor of a cottage with your own hands, do not look for the cheapest options and be sure to remember that the insulation should be:

• environmentally friendly, safe for health;
• excellent heat insulator;
• durable.

Floor insulation methods

There are several ways to insulate the floor of a country house.

double floor

The bottom layer of rough boards is carefully attached directly to the beams. A “finish” coating is laid on the “rough” structure.

Wooden logs are installed on the foundation in increments of 0.5–1 m or cut into a log house. Next, the "rough" floor is laid. Free space is filled with thermal insulation. A fairly simple and effective way.


You can insulate the floor along the logs installed on brick posts. Any insulation: mineral wool, fiberglass, polystyrene or other suitable material. The distance between the finishing floor and the ground increases. The work does not require the experience of a builder and is easily done by hand. With this option, the insulating material is not stressed, which makes the method of warming the wooden floor along the logs ideal.

Foreword. How to independently insulate a garden house for the winter, and inexpensively? This question begins to interest many summer residents who want to spend time outside the city, not only with the onset of the first cold weather, but also in the summer. Consider in this article how to insulate an old garden house for the winter on your own. At the end of the material, we will show a detailed video instruction: warming the garden house from the outside.

The main purpose of a house on a suburban area lies in the formation of comfortable living conditions outside the city. Despite the nature and clean air, everyone wants the conditions of a country holiday to be as close to home as possible. In addition, many avid gardeners extend their summer season until late autumn, and sometimes even in winter they come to the country with great desire.

Do I need to insulate the garden house for the winter

It is impossible to have a comfortable stay in the country house in cold weather, since the old garden houses have a simple design, not intended for living in winter. If there is no thermal insulation in the panel garden house, it will be difficult and very expensive to keep the heat in the summer house. Heating costs will increase as all heat will escape through the front doors, ceiling, walls and floor.

All this suggests that it is necessary to seriously think about the thermal insulation of a country dwelling, moreover, these works are not particularly difficult. Only after that it is possible to spend the weekend comfortably in early spring and winter, slowly doing the work. But it should be remembered that all work should be carried out when it is warm - in this case, you will make the insulation inexpensive and of high quality.

How to insulate an old garden house for the winter

The most practical today are such heat-insulating materials as Rocklite mineral wool, foam plastic and foam slabs. Many are still trying to use inexpensive old-fashioned ways of warming, one can say from what lies under their feet. So, when insulating attic floors, you can use sawdust, moss, expanded clay, etc. But we will consider exclusively modern materials.

Materials for thermal insulation of a summer house

When using mineral wool and cellulose insulation, high-quality hydro-vapor barrier of the material from moisture is required. Basalt heaters are mainly used to protect facades, warm wooden floors from the cold. Mineral wool has been used for decades in construction, and has proven itself in the best way. It is believed that this insulation does not gnaw mice.

Styrofoam and extruded polystyrene foam are used in the insulation of strip foundations and blind areas. Penoplex is a dense and durable material that is not afraid of high humidity. Styrofoam, on the contrary, is a fragile material that rodents have chosen. Along with this, polystyrene is the most popular insulation in Russia due to its low cost and ease of installation.

In order not to overpay and make the thermal insulation layer optimal, you should calculate the thickness of the insulation on a heat engineering calculator. As a first approximation, it should be noted that for basalt materials, the thickness of the thermal insulation of structures should be taken at least 10 centimeters. For expanded polystyrenes, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer should already be at least 15 centimeters.

Requirements for materials for thermal insulation

When laying, mineral insulation should be tightly packed into the frame, the material returns to its original state after pressing. Mineral wool absorbs moisture, so they must be covered with a vapor barrier. The insulation layer is always laid only on the cold side. Before use, the material must be dry, otherwise it will rot with all the ensuing troubles.

Since rodents start up in garden houses, it is worth choosing a material resistant to moisture and rodents for thermal insulation. To save money and improve the thermal insulation characteristics of building structures, mineral and organic heaters can be used, laying them like a layer cake. In this case, the moisture-proof material is laid on the side of the warm room.

How to insulate a garden house inside with your own hands

Many people associate a garden house with a simple summer building made from inexpensive improvised materials. Modern building materials also make it possible to build a solid country house for relaxing away from the bustle of the city with a minimal budget. But in order to keep the house in the country house warm and comfortable in winter, you should think about the quality insulation of this building from the inside and outside.

Insulation of the floor and foundation of the garden house

Comfort in a living room depends to a large extent on a warm floor. Most often, in vegetable gardens, one row of boards is laid on the logs on the roll, the subfloor is sheathed with chipboard or fiberboard and linoleum is laid. But through such a floor, cold will penetrate from the ground, and even a good heating system will not save your feet from freezing your feet. The first step is to make a blind area and insulate the strip foundation.

You can find all the information on independent thermal insulation of the foundation of a garden house on our website in the section "Insulation of the foundation". To insulate the floor in the garden house, you must first remove the floor covering. Warming is carried out by laying heat-insulating material between the lags. After that, boards, OSB sheets or Knauf warm floors are laid on the logs.

Do not forget that basalt insulation should be covered with a vapor barrier film on the side of the warm room and waterproofing on the cold side. Mineral wool mats and slabs should be laid close to the logs so that cold bridges do not form in the ceiling. When laying slab insulation (polystyrene foam or extruded polystyrene foam), all cracks must be treated with mounting foam.

Insulation of the ceiling, attic garden house

Insulation of the ceiling is very important, more than 10% of the heat goes through this design. When choosing a heater, keep in mind that the material must be durable, fire resistant and safe for health. To insulate the attic of a garden house, you can use Izorok mineral wool or loose natural heaters. As an inexpensive material, you can use sawdust with earth, expanded clay or moss.

All heaters are laid with the necessary layer from the side of the attic. A vapor barrier film is preliminarily laid on the ceilings so that the thermal insulation does not absorb moisture from the warm air. A subfloor can be laid on top of the insulation if there is a need to walk in the attic. Or simply cover the insulation layer with a windproof film to protect it from blowing, pulling away by rodents and birds.

Insulation of the facade and walls of the garden house

The first way to finish the walls, the so-called "wet facade" - slab insulation is attached to the facade of the house with glue, a reinforcing mesh is glued onto the foam plastic and plaster is applied, followed by painting. The second method, "insulation for siding" - thermal insulation is attached to the facade between the guides from the bars or drywall profiles, then the walls are sheathed with siding or pvc panels.

These two methods are well known to many. One has only to take into account that the “wet facade” is suitable only for block and brick walls, and the insulation of the walls of a country house for siding is suitable for any material - foam block, wood, panel house. In a country house, you can use inexpensive insulation. The choice of insulation depends only on financial capabilities and personal preferences.

Insulation of windows and doors of a garden house

After insulating floors, walls and ceilings, many people forget about the front doors and windows, through which a lot of heat also leaves the house. Windows, especially wooden ones, require careful insulation for the winter. Be sure to inspect the windows and slopes, check the absence of gaps between the frame and glass, coat all joints with silicone sealant and replace the glazing beads with new ones if necessary.

Many summer residents want to insulate their house from the outside so that they can live in it during the cold season. It is important to isolate the walls, because up to 30% of heat is lost through them! A variety of heaters are presented on construction markets. Their types need to be sorted out.

Styrofoam

Styrofoam, aka expanded polystyrene. It is made in different ways, so the properties of the material are different. For wall insulation, it is best to take extruded polystyrene, strong and durable. It has a low coefficient of thermal conductivity (0.026 W/m°C). Thermal conductivity does not change even at high humidity, low water absorption and vapor permeability. Density - from 20 to 48 kg / m3.

On the photo-foam for warming the cottage outside:

The advantages include high mechanical compressive strength, which depends on the thickness and density of the material.

Fungus, mold does not form on it. Easy to install: easy to cut, the boards are attached to the outer walls with dowels. A metal or polymer mesh is mounted on top, on which a decorative layer is then applied.

Polyfoam is durable, does not deform and does not lose its qualities. The material is light, so no strengthening of the foundation is required, and it is easy to work with it. Affordable price is an important argument for those who decide to insulate the cottage.

For thermal insulation of walls, you should choose extruded polystyrene foam, made with the addition of flame retardants - this is a slow-burning material.

Disadvantages of expanded polystyrene:

1. combustibility. Easily ignites, burns, heating up to +75 degrees, acrid toxic smoke is released during combustion. You can secure your home by choosing polystyrene impregnated with an antiprene compound.
2. Low vapor barrier. Moisture may accumulate inside the room. Therefore, it is necessary to install additional ventilation, and this is an additional cost.
3. Not UV resistant– radiation, requires coating.
4. It can host rodents. although the manufacturers claim otherwise.
5. Mice make their holes in it and getting rid of such "neighbors" is problematic. It is possible to avoid them only with the correct installation of the foam.
6. Decomposes on contact with solvents(sometimes insulation is accompanied by waterproofing, for which bituminous mastic with a high solvent content is used).
7. Material retains water and steam if the house is wooden, then mold may appear in it, a musty smell, the tree may rot. The house does not "breathe", the concept of an eco-friendly house is violated.

On the video - insulation for walls outside the house in the country:

Specifications vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. The most popular brands in the Russian market: Rockwool, Isover, Ursa, Penoplex, Technoplex, Knauf.

The materials are similar, but there are differences. For example, graphite is added to Technoplex, it gives strength. Due to this additive, the material becomes gray. In terms of cost, Penoplex is cheaper than, for example, Knauf. To insulate the facade of the cottage, slabs with dimensions of 0.5 x 1, 1 x 1 m are suitable. They are easy to cut, it will not be difficult to insulate complex details on the facade.

It is necessary to insulate the walls of the house from the outside with foam plastic with a density of 25 kg / m3. Plates with a density of 15 kg / m 3 are not suitable for such work, the material is not strong enough and reliable, and is also short-lived.

Styrofoam with a density of 15 kg / m 3 is suitable for insulating those parts of the building where serious insulation is not required. For example, verandas, balconies.

Thicker slabs (35 kg / m 3) usually insulate the roof, the walls are not economically profitable. Therefore, the most demanded material is with a density of 25 kg / m 3.

Important! Polyurethane foam is not suitable for insulation (this is a well-known foam rubber that is short-lived, flammable, the smoke from it is toxic) and polyvinyl chloride foam (very similar to extrusion, but toxic when burned).

What it looks like and what is the name of the insulation under the linoleum on the concrete floor, the information from the article will help to understand:

Mineral wool

Mineral wool is available in many types. But not all of them are suitable for thermal insulation of cottages. According to GOST 52953-2008, fiberglass, slag wool and stone wool are considered heat insulators. Therefore, it is insignificant.

Glass wool. It is made by melting quartz sand or cullet and blown into fine fibers. Light yellow material. It has been used for insulation since Soviet times, the material is popular, cheap and very prickly! It is quite possible to use it, if you have not chosen yet, .

In the photo, glass wool for warming the cottage outside:

The structure of glass wool consists of fibers with a thickness of 5-15 microns and a length of 15-50 mm. Thanks to them, it is strong and resilient. But what is the difference between basalt wool and mineral wool, it will help to understand the video from this

Attention! Glass fibers that break can cause injury. You need to work in a disposable protective suit, gloves, goggles and a respirator.

Slag. Produced from blast-furnace slag (waste from blast-furnace metallurgy). Its fibers are 16 mm long and 4-12 mm thick. Thin and prickly, than they look like glass wool. They are sintered at a temperature of 300 degrees Celsius and the heat-insulating properties of the material disappear. Slag is toxic. And in this article, you can emphasize for yourself

In the photo - slag wool for warming the cottage outside:

Stone wool. Made from stone. Rocks are melted (which is why it is also called basalt) at a temperature of 1400-1500 degrees. The fibers are up to 7 microns thick and up to 5 cm long. There are a variety of shades from light brown to green.

The properties of glass wool and stone are very similar. There are still differences: glass wool is more elastic and lighter. But stone is more fire resistant. It is easier to work with stone wool, and its characteristics are higher: excellent thermal insulation properties, sound absorption, vapor permeability (steam is not absorbed, it passes between the fibers), high fire resistance, and is non-toxic when heated. But what is it and where is technonicol rocklite stone wool used, the information will help to understand

In the photo - stone wool for warming the cottage outside:

Material in slabs or rolls is suitable for wall insulation.

Flaws:

1. High cost. As a heater for a country house, it may seem like an expensive material to many.
2. You need to work in a respirator, because in the process, small pieces still break off, basalt dust is formed.

Liquid thermal insulation materials

Liquid thermal insulation materials can be divided into types:

Ceramic compositions

It looks like thick acrylic paint. The base is really a water-acrylic mixture, to which silicone, rubber, etc. are added. Ceramic granules in the composition contribute to the reduction of heat loss. Some mixtures can only be applied at positive air temperatures, but there are those that can be worked with in frost. Liquid insulation is a homogeneous suspension, it can be applied with a brush and spray gun. In many respects, mineral wool and (expanded polystyrene) are better. But what is the price of liquid ceramic wall insulation from the inside, you can see in this

In the photo - liquid heat-insulating ceramics:

Popular Blends:

1. "Astratek" (produced by the Russian company "Astratek"). To insulate the facade of the cottage, "Astratek - Facade" or "Astratek - Universal" are suitable.
2. "Arktem" manufacturer - LLC "Arktem" (Russia). For wall insulation outside, Arktem-Facade and Arktem-Standard are suitable.
3. "Corundum",
4. "Armor".

Advantages of liquid ceramic heaters:

• a layer of 1 mm of liquid insulation in its properties corresponds to a layer of 50 mm of mineral wool;
• the liquid coating is seamless, unlike other materials;
• if summer cottages are insulated with such a coating, then you don’t have to worry that it will be dismantled or damaged during the absence of the owners;
• ease of application (the process is similar to conventional wall painting) allows you to do it on your own, you do not need special equipment and qualified specialists;
• resistance to fungi and mold;

The covering is durable, steady against rodents, moisture, pollution, mechanical damages.

polyurethane foam

Polymer gas-filled material. By structure, it is a cellular plastic. 90% filled with inert gas. Two technologies are used for wall insulation: pouring and spraying. When spraying, a spray gun is used.

In the photo, polyurethane foam for the outer wall:

When pouring, voids are filled with a homogeneous liquid.

Attention! It is possible to insulate a house with such materials in just one day. But special equipment and skills are required. You can't do it on your own. You need to invite the masters.

Advantages of polyurethane foam:

1. Thermal conductivity is lower than other thermal insulators. For example, a 1 cm polyurethane foam coating corresponds to a 30 cm brickwork or a 5 cm mineral wool layer.
2. Excellent sound and waterproofing.
3. It has high adhesion, therefore it is suitable for any surfaces.
4. Hard-flammable. It will only light up at 500 degrees Celsius.
5. Practically does not absorb moisture.
6. Easy to spray on various surfaces.
7. Applied quickly.
8. It is durable, properties remain till 60 years.
9. Lightweight material. Suitable for warming old houses, which have a small bearing capacity.

Flaws:

1. high cost. The price can be justified by durability, good heat and sound insulation properties.
2. Not resistant to UV rays: decomposes into monomers that are harmful to humans. Therefore, additional coating with decorative plaster or water-based paint is required.
3. Environmental friendliness not always supported by certificates. Therefore, in construction it is used for outdoor work in small areas.
4. When ignited, it smokes strongly, the smoke is toxic.
5. Installation is complicated by nuances: if sheet materials are fixed on top of the insulation with self-tapping screws or dowels, solidity is broken. If you give preference to plaster, then the mixture should reliably protect against exposure to ultraviolet radiation, moisture and air.

But what is the shell of polyurethane foam for pipe insulation, you can find out by clicking on

Ecowool

The material itself is not liquid. But it can be the main component of the mixture, which is applied in a liquid state.

In the photo - ecowool for the outer wall:

Ecowool consists of 80% cellulose (waste from woodworking enterprises, printing, waste paper), and 12% is boric acid. Another 8% is flame retardant - a substance that increases the fire resistance of products.

When cellulose is wetted, its fibers become sticky. In addition, glue is additionally added to the mixture. Such a composition is applied to the walls for their insulation.

Ecowool characteristics:

1. Low thermal conductivity.
2. The spraying is seamless, one hundred contributes to good thermal insulation.
3. Excellent soundproofing.
4. Environmental friendliness.
5. Fire resistance. Ecowool, even when ignited, quickly fades itself, and its smoke is not toxic.

On the video, what kind of insulation is better to insulate the house from the outside:

Flaws:

1. Ecowool “shrinks” over time. Therefore, initially it must be taken into account, the layer should be applied 10% thicker than necessary.
2. It must not be covered with vapor-tight materials. If there is no ventilation, the thermal insulation properties will be lost.
3. High-quality installation can only be carried out by professionals.

Choose a material for thermal insulation of a summer residence, based on the qualitative characteristics of the material, your financial capabilities and the feasibility of warming in one way or another.