Reinforced concrete lighting poles. We study the varieties of concrete supports for lighting

Reinforced concrete power transmission towers are made of concrete, which is additionally reinforced with metal, as the name implies. They are labeled CB, which means "vibrated racks". They are used for laying power lines 0.4-10 kV.

Significant advantages of reinforced concrete supports are:

• Corrosion resistance
• Immunity to low temperatures and humidity
• Seismic resistance - the degree of resistance to earthquakes
• Resistance to the adverse effects of nature and the elements
• Increased strength and strength - not subject to deformation and destruction
• No need for maintenance (what, for example, pine wooden poles need - impregnation)
• Service life - at least 50 years

There are disadvantages too

We are talking here, first of all, about the high weight of such a support, respectively, the installation of supports of this type should be carried out by professionals of the highest class. There is also a possibility of various defects during transportation (we are talking about cracks, chips). In addition, due to exposure to moisture and temperature fluctuations, chipping of concrete is possible, which reduces the strength of the entire structure.

Characteristics of reinforced concrete racks of power lines

⇒Reinforced concrete poles are made of different brands and are designated in this way, for example, a concrete pole SV 95-2, where 95 is the length of the pole in decimeters, and 2 is the conditional bearing capacity.

According to GOST 23009-78, racks are manufactured in the following sizes:

• L - 9.5 meters (CB 95)
• L - 10.5 meters (CB 105)
• L - 11 meters (CB 110)
• L - 16.4 meters (CB 164)

They also differ in the method of reinforcement, on which the bearing capacity depends.

Racks of supports of power transmission lines SV 95

Reinforced concrete supports SV 95 are widely used for laying and installation of networks with a voltage of 0.4 kV and for laying communication lines. They are mainly used for, when installing an additional electric pole. For their manufacture, heavy concrete (class B30) is used, which complies with the standards of GOST 26633-91. As a filler for this concrete, manufacturers use crushed granite with a strength index of at least M 1200 - M 1400, frost resistance F 300.

Racks CB 95 can be operated at temperatures reaching -55 degrees Celsius. They are successfully operated in areas of category I-V and can be installed where seismicity does not exceed 7 points on the Richter scale. Reinforced concrete poles of power transmission lines SV 95.2 and SV 95.3 are equipped with embedded products necessary in order to fasten structures and connect the necessary grounding elements. These racks taper upward and are 9.5 meters long. The cross section of the supports is rectangular and equals: at the base, the height is 240 mm, at the top - 165 mm, the width at the base and at the top is the same - 150 mm. The rack weight is 750 kg.

The reinforced concrete pole SV-95 at the manufacturer is supplied with embedded iron products intended for attaching structures and grounding parts.

Racks CB 110

Reinforced concrete racks SV 110 are designed for power lines with voltage up to 10 kV. They can also be installed for communication lines. Reinforced concrete poles SV 110 are resistant to aggressive environments, low and high temperatures and can be successfully installed in areas with a high degree of fire danger.

Reinforced concrete pillars SV 110 also find their application in quality. Their production is carried out using heavy concrete by vibrocompression. These concrete mixtures have a compressive strength class of B30.

The length of the racks CB 110-3.5 and CB 110-5 is 11 meters. At the base of the support, the height is 280 mm, and at the top, the height is 165 mm. The width of the base is 170 mm, the upper part is 175 mm. The weight of the concrete support is 1150 kg. Racks CB 110-3.5 have a calculated bending moment of 35 kNm, and CB 110-5, respectively, 50 kNm.

Reinforced concrete supports SV 110 are made of heavy concrete with the following characteristics:

• Strength grade - M 400
• Frost resistance - F 200
• Water resistance - W 6

Each of them is equipped with embedded metal products intended for fixing structures and connecting parts of the grounding structure and is manufactured in strict accordance with GOST and TU standards.

All supports must have a certificate of conformity and a quality passport.

The area adjacent to the building should be well lit. Moreover, the lighting system must be organized in such a way as to cover as large an area as possible. For this purpose, street lighting poles are used.

These designs are usually subdivided, first of all, according to the material from which they are made. Metal supports are the best. However, structures made of other materials also have some advantages and are still widely used in lighting arrangements.

Classification

Supports are usually classified according to a number of criteria. In particular, according to the method of inputting current-carrying cables, the poles are divided into power and non-power. The former are used in the organization of overhead lines, the latter - underground.

Power structures are used where underground wiring is impossible for some reason. The interior of the structure includes a power cable. The height of the location of air networks is determined by the Building Regulations and Rules (SNiP).

For installation use brackets for lamps. In addition to brackets, plinths are an integral part of the supports, which perform protective (protect the cable from damage and environmental influences) and aesthetic functions.

Non-power bearings are designed for underground laying of cables. The maximum permitted height for this kind of poles is 12 m. The cable should be buried in the ground by at least 80 cm. If we are talking about laying under the highway, the laying depth is set to 125 cm.

Note! Non-power poles are not used for the installation of high-voltage lines.

According to the method of installation, the supports are divided into straight-rack and flanged. The installation of the latter begins with the placement of the embedded element in the ground and its further concreting. When the mortgage is installed, the ground part of the structure is fixed to it with the help of anchor fasteners.

Upright supports are an integral structure, the installation of which is carried out in a pre-prepared niche in the ground. The hole is then filled with concrete.

Note! The ratio of the column dug into the ground and the outer parts of the column is determined by the manufacturer. This information is reported in the marking of the column.

The following types of supports are distinguished by shape:

• conical faceted;
• conical round;
• tubular cylindrical;
• tubular folding.

Purpose

According to the areas of application, the supports are divided into the following varieties:

1. High mast. They are used for outdoor lighting of very large areas (for example, stadiums, airports, ski slopes). High-mast structures are offered in a variety of designs, differing in size, types of crowns, number of sections, surface type (faceted, smooth).
2. Street structures for lighting pedestrian paths.
3. Decorative supports. Used to illuminate local areas in gardens, parks, playgrounds, etc. Decorative poles are always non-powerful in their execution. Can be made with faceted or rounded surfaces. Luminaires can also vary significantly in their appearance and design, so the GOST applicable to them will also differ. The installation height of decorative systems usually ranges between 2 and 4 m.
4. Main supports. The main quality of such pillars is high resistance to mechanical and wind loads.
5. Special supports. Used to illuminate individual objects (for example, squares). Structures of this type were used immediately after the advent of electrical networks. They are most often made from pine due to its optimal performance and low cost.

Types of supports

Supports are made of various materials: metal, wood, concrete, reinforced concrete. In recent years, products from composites have become widespread.

Metal supports

For the manufacture of supports of this type, steel, cast iron, aluminum and galvanization are used. Galvanized poles are especially popular, since they are characterized by high resistance to the negative effects of environmental factors.

Metal supports have the following positive characteristics:

1. Light weight and dimensions. The lightest poles weigh about 150 kg, and flange structures (without mortgages) - about 40 kg. Due to the compactness, the transportation of poles is facilitated: 40 or more sets can be delivered to the site in one trip.
2. High strength properties. For manufacturing, sheet metal with a thickness of 3 to 15 mm is used. This is enough to resist serious mechanical loads.
3. No hassle with design changes. To increase or reduce the height of the support, you do not need to abandon the existing structure, you can simply increase it.
4. Quick assembly and disassembly. To install the structure, it is enough to organize a hole of the desired diameter, into which to put the support, and pour it with concrete. For flanged racks, you first need to set the foundation tab and bolt the column to it.
5. Long service life. Outdoor lighting poles are treated with a zinc coating that has anti-corrosion characteristics. The thickness of such a layer is 80 microns or more - depending on the needs. Service life of a covering - from 50 to 80 years.
6. Attractive appearance. Regardless of the purpose, whether it is a decorative pole or a mast pole, the supports do not cause rejection by their appearance.

There are metal poles and disadvantages:

1. The structure must be periodically painted, otherwise there is a high probability of rusting of the material.
2. The cost of metal poles is higher compared to competing systems.

wooden supports

The advantages of wooden poles include the following qualities:

1. Light weight. Thanks to this feature, wooden structures are easy to transport and install, which significantly affects the total cost of the lighting system.
2. Easy to install. Often, for the installation of wooden poles, there is no need to use specialized equipment.
3. Affordable material cost.
4. Moisture resistance. Long service life. However, these qualities are achievable only when the material is impregnated with a special protective composition.
5. Insulating qualities to prevent electrical shock.

The disadvantages of wooden structures include the following properties:

1. Difficulties with the choice of logs of equivalent dimensions.
2. Possibility of destruction of supports during heavy icing.
3. Tendency to decay of untreated material.

Concrete supports

They are among the most common in the post-Soviet space. Especially often used in the 70-80s.

Among the advantages of concrete pillars, the following qualities should be distinguished:

• low cost;
• long service life (up to half a century);
• ease of maintenance (maintenance of networks is inexpensive).

Concrete structures also have disadvantages:

• instability to moisture (we are talking primarily about groundwater);
• unattractive appearance.

Note! The quality of concrete pillars is determined by the brand of concrete and the method of manufacturing the product.

Reinforced concrete supports

Reinforced concrete pillars are a frame metal structure covered with concrete.

The advantages of reinforced concrete supports include the following characteristics:

• ability to withstand heavy loads;
• durability;
• acceptable cost;
• resistance to temperature changes, which allows the use of poles in areas with a cold climate;
• corrosion resistance.

Reinforced concrete products also have disadvantages:

• an unattractive appearance repels buyers seeking a decorative effect from the lighting system;
• poor impact resistance.

They produce reinforced concrete products with rounded and faceted surfaces. In recent years, reinforced concrete products have been actively replaced by supports made of more functional materials.

Support dimensions

The height, width and weight of products are determined by the material from which they are made. An example is the following data:

1. Wooden poles are produced in five versions: 6.5 m, 7.5 m, 9.5 m and 11 m. The diameter of the poles varies between 14 and 24 cm. By weight, wooden poles are divided into three groups: light, medium and heavy.
2. Concrete poles are heavy. Depending on the size, the product can weigh from 300 kg to a ton. The width of the column is from 10 to 40 cm. The height of the structure is within 4-11 m.
3. Reinforced concrete poles are offered in the same dimensions as concrete poles. However, reinforced concrete products weigh much more, since they have a metal component. The weight of the standard design can be within 450-1200 kg.
4. For metal products, a minimum height of 1.5 m is adopted (in the case of floor lamps). The thickness, diameter and mass of the lighting system are determined by its tasks and configuration.

The number of sections in a metal lighting mast depends on its height. The three-section mast has a height of 21 meters. Masts with four sections have a height of 28 m, five sections - 35 m, 6 sections - 45 m.

Installation rules

Before installing the supports, it is necessary to develop a project taking into account the following circumstances:

• relief of the site;
• the desired level of illumination;
• power consumption;
• control and protection system;
• number of light sources;
• method of installation of load-bearing elements and electrical equipment;
• the ability to connect to the power grid.

During installation work, you must adhere to some rules that directly affect the safety of the system and its service life:

• to perform electrical installation, all necessary permits from regulatory authorities must be obtained;
• the installation of flanged columns is started only after the final hardening of the concrete (you will have to wait 4-5 days - depending on the humidity and air temperature, the brand of concrete);
• in order for the flange fastening to be reliable, it is advisable to use castellated nuts with a cotter pin;
• metal poles are recommended to be treated with a protective primer and paintwork material;
• if the installation is carried out in soft soil, it will be necessary to create a pillow consisting of a sand-gravel mass.

The installation of metal support structures - regardless of their variety - differs only in the amount of work and small details. In general, the technological process is very similar.

Preparatory work

Before starting work, prepare a trench for laying the power cable. The recess should have a square section, where the side will be equal to 1 m. The depth of the pit is 80 cm or more (depending on the type of pole being installed).

The bottom of the pit is covered with a layer of sand mixed with rubble. If only sand is used, it is moistened with water. Such a base is easier to tamp.

Power cable laying

The next step is to connect the power cable to the lighting fixture. This is done underground or above ground. Most often, the cable is brought underground. A layer of pure sand is poured under it. A signal tape is laid on top. Its presence will prevent accidental damage to the line and electric shock.

Mounting brackets

There is a special hole in the bottom of the support. A power cable is brought through it, then pulling it up. When this operation is completed, brackets for lamps are fixed at the top of the support. The number of horns on the bracket is selected in advance - before installation. Next, the fixtures are connected and light bulbs are mounted in them.

Installation of metal supports

A column is installed in the well, centered, aligned vertically and fixed with temporary struts. The correctness of the installation is checked using the building level. Fill the voids in the well with concrete. When it is completely dry, remove the supports. Support structure for street lighting installed.

However, before putting the support into operation, it is necessary to carry out a number of works, including checking the integrity of the cable. It is also necessary to create a ground. Without it, the system cannot be considered safe to operate.

To organize the grounding, you will need a grounding cable. One end is attached to a bolt (located at the bottom of the pole), where the power cable is inserted. The second end is fixed to the ground loop.

Note! The resistance of the ground loop must be at least 40 ohms.

Two types of grounding systems are most in demand today:

1. Three-phase networks with tightly grounded neutrals. TN-S provide high quality protection against electric shock. Such systems are mounted near schools and crowded streets.
2. For street lighting it is recommended to use insulated conductors with four wires with a cross section of 25 mm. Inside the cable is a galvanized steel tape that acts as a grounding device.

The poles are installed in such a way that they are located on not too damp areas of the earth. The distance between the supports is chosen so that the lighting fixtures fully illuminate all the necessary areas. At the same time, the lamps should not give powerful streams of light into the windows of nearby buildings. Overlapping of light fluxes from different lamps should be avoided. Firstly, this is a waste of electricity, and secondly, in such areas the lighting will be too bright.

Installation of flange supports

After installing the embedded blocks (flanged supports), they are centered. This is done using reinforcement hammered into the walls of the trench. Next, concrete is poured into the holes, compacted with a vibrator. A rack is attached to the mortgages with bolts. The installation is completed by fastening the sip cable to the sfg (power faceted flange).

Installation cost

To calculate the cost of pillars, you need to have information about their size and type of structural material. Prices for wood supports vary between 2-7 thousand rubles. Concrete structures cost from 4 to 13 thousand rubles, reinforced concrete products - from 5 to 15 thousand rubles. Metal supports are the most expensive - up to 20 thousand rubles.

The costs do not end there, as the supports still need to be installed. The cost of screeding, drilling wells and installation can be in the region of 3-4 thousand rubles per pole. You also need to purchase a street lamp, the cost of which can range from several hundred to thousands of rubles.

Rack brand

Dimensions, mm

Mass tn.

Bending moment, tf*m.

Frost resistance

Waterproof

Concrete class

L

b

b 1

h 1

b 2

h 2

SV 110-5

11000

185

170

280

175

165

1,13

5,0

F 1 200-300

W6-8

B30

18

Stand CB 110-5

Reinforced concrete products are used in the construction of various kinds of reinforced concrete structures, including in the field of electric power industry. The plants produce a wide range of reinforced concrete products: wall and foundation elements, rings, beams, and other products. Reinforced concrete racks are used in the construction of power lines.

Rack brand SV 110-5 one of the most common in the construction and reconstruction of power lines. Reinforced concrete products have a number of advantages over wooden and metal supports. Support SV 110-5 is a trapezoidal reinforced concrete column. It must be manufactured in accordance with GOST 23613-79.

Reinforced concrete rack SV 110-5 was developed for laying a power line with a voltage of 0.4 to 10 kV. Also, these supports can be used for the construction of lighting electrical networks.

Support SV 110-5 dimensions

Stand height (length) - 11,000 millimeters Detailed dimensions and drawing are shown above.

SV 110-5 characteristics

• geometric volume - 0.5698 cubic meters;
• design bending moment - 5 tf * m (tf - ton-force or 9806.65 N in the SI system of units);
• support mass - 1125 kilograms;
• the volume of concrete per rack is 0.45 cubic meters.

Power transmission lines using SV 110-5 are allowed to be built in various climatic conditions, including, they can withstand seismic activity up to nine points on the Richter scale, as well as temperatures up to minus 55 degrees Celsius.

SV 110-5 price

The price of CB 110-5 depends on the cost of manufacturing the support (the cost of raw materials), the cost of delivery. Undoubtedly, the price is also influenced by such economic indicators as supply and demand. Support SV 110-5, the price for which you can find in our price list, is always available in the warehouse of OOO TK Norma-cable. Our company works with several manufacturers from Russia and CIS countries. The price for this brand of support is indicated on our website without discounts.

SV 110-5 buy

Buy SV 110-5 you can contact our managers by phone. You can also consult with Norma-cable employees on the characteristics, possibilities of using racks, as well as find out the final price for SV 110-5, taking into account discounts and special offers.

Characteristics of reinforced concrete racks (supports) of power lines of the brand SV

Rack brand	Dimensions, mm						Mass tn.	Bending moment, tf*m.	Frost- stamina	Waterproof value	Concrete class
	L	b	b 1	h 1	b 2	h 2
SV 95-2	9500	165	150	240	150	165	0,75	2,0	F 1 200-300	W6-8	B30	27
SV 95-3s	9500	165	150	240	150	165	0,75	3,0	F 1 200-300	W6-8	B30	27
SV 95-3	9500	185	171	265	175	165	0,90	3,0	F 1 200-300	W6-8	B30	22
SV 110-35	11000	185	170	280	175	165	1,13	3,5	F 1 200-300	W6-8	B30	18
SV 110-5	11000	185	170	280	175	165	1,13	5,0	F 1 200-300	W6-8	B30	18
SV 110-49	11000	185	170	280	175	165	1,13	5,0	F 1 200-300	W6-8	B30	18
SV 164-12	16400	200	210	380	-	390	3,55	12,0	F 1 200-300	W6-8	B30	-
SV 164-20	16400	200	210	380	-	390	3,55	20,0	F 1 200-300	W6-8	B40	-

Legend: L- rack length; h 1 ; h 2 - the height of the rack at the base and top; b; b 1 ; b 2 - the width of the rack at the base and top

Concrete outdoor lighting poles are used in urban, suburban conditions. They are designed to illuminate highways, streets, sidewalks, industrial areas, and other objects. Such a street lighting system is also used as a backlight for power lines energized at 10kV. For power lines under voltage over 35 kV, such lighting poles are made from centrifuged concrete.

Reinforced concrete poles for lighting are manufactured in various sizes, shapes using vibrocompression and centrifugation technologies. High-quality concrete, metal reinforced wire are used as consumables.

In this article:

Characteristics of w / w illuminators

Reinforced concrete poles are used to illuminate urban, suburban roads, adjacent areas of industrial enterprises, warehouses, sports grounds, city parks, as well as private houses and suburban areas.

Advantages of lighting reinforced concrete poles

• Perfectly resist corrosion, rotting, chemical and mechanical influences.
• They have a fairly long service life. Subject to the requirements for production and installation, as well as proper transportation of structural elements, such illuminators can last more than 50 years.
• Minimum operating costs.
• Reinforced concrete structures are characterized by increased fire resistance.
• Products are not difficult to manufacture, perfectly amenable to repair.
• Maintenance of concrete reinforced lighting structures does not require significant financial costs.

Disadvantages of reinforced concrete structures for street lighting

• The complexity of loading / unloading, transportation and installation of reinforced concrete elements due to the rather large mass. For loading and unloading and installation work, it is necessary to use special equipment.
• The complexity of dismantling the structure, special equipment is also needed.
• Significant costs for the disposal or recycling of reinforced concrete supports.
• Concrete products are quite sensitive to changing weather conditions, sudden temperature changes.
• Lighting devices on reinforced concrete poles are prone to cracking, chipping, which cast doubt on the reliability of the product.

Varieties of concrete reinforced pillars for lighting

Reinforced concrete poles are divided into the following types:

• corner;
• intermediate;
• terminal;
• anchor.

For industrial use, concrete racks are reinforced in two ways:

• frame;
• tension.

Products differ from each other in reinforcement technology, weight, overall dimensions, respectively, have different markings.

Different designs of reinforced concrete lighting racks differ from each other in the following operational properties:

• resistance to wind, ice loads;
• frost resistance level;
• temperature mode of operation;
• concrete density;
• the level of moisture absorption;
• electrical voltage drop.

Production technology

The process of manufacturing outdoor lighting fixtures on reinforced concrete racks is divided into several stages:

• reinforcement preparation;
• preparation of concrete mortar;
• preparation of forms;
• pouring concrete mixture into molds;
• drying the finished support.

Armature preparation

At this stage, a selection of fittings of the required type and size is made. It is cut, for which special equipment is used, and contour spirals are screwed in.

Preparing a mortar from concrete

For the production of a concrete mixture, cement of a certain brand, mineral and chemical additives are taken. All components are placed in a concrete mixer, water is poured in the prescribed proportion, the mixture is mixed until a homogeneous mass.

Preparing molds and cores

For the manufacture of directly reinforced concrete racks for lighting equipment, special forms are used, which are thoroughly cleaned and lubricated before pouring the concrete mixture. First, metal spirals are placed in molds, then a rod is made. The steel rod is preheated, then pulled through the spiral, fixed in the container.

Pouring concrete mixture into molds

When the fittings are placed in the container, the prepared solution is poured. A special vibrator is used to compact it in the mold. The surface is leveled with an ordinary construction trowel.

Drying the finished support

After completing all the main stages of production, the product is dried. The concrete product in the form is covered with a PVC film (to prevent moisture from entering the structure), heating is turned on. After a set time period, the plastic film is removed.

Mounting racks

Installation work begins with the preparation of a project, previously agreed with the authorities.

Installation procedure:

• on the ground where reinforced concrete supports for illuminators will be installed, markings are applied;
• pits are prepared with the following parameters: depth - 1.2 m, width - 1x1 m;
• a hole is made in the center of the pit 1 m deep;
• the concrete reinforced support is fixed in the pit with crushed stone, which is carefully compacted as it is backfilled.

For your information! In certain situations, the bottom of the pit is additionally filled with concrete mortar. Such a basis is more reliable. After the installation is completed, lighting equipment is mounted on the racks, the lamps are screwed in.

Grounding of reinforced concrete racks

Grounding devices are installed on reinforced concrete racks intended for power lines with voltage up to 1 kV. They are necessary for diverting lightning surges to the ground. The lighting equipment itself is similarly grounded. Housings of lighting devices are connected to the ground loop.

The ground loop is made of steel pins (diameter from 6 mm), corners. They are installed in a triangle, interconnected by a strip of metal. The grounding device must have a resistance of up to 30 ohms.

Service

Reinforced concrete structures must be subjected to periodic maintenance:

• corrosion is removed on the metal parts of the structure - once every 3 years;
• cracks in concrete are smeared - once every 6 years;
• the reliability of bolted connections is checked once every 2 years, if necessary, they are tightened.

Output

Concrete lighting poles are complex structures that require compliance with building standards during their installation and certain periodic maintenance. Thanks to such lighting structures, the safe movement of vehicles on highways, pedestrians, as well as the performance of various works at night is ensured.