To the most common diseases fruit trees include bitter, fusarium, moldy and fruit rot, milky sheen, false tinder fungus, Steklenberg virosis, gum disease and cytosporosis. If you do not take measures to protect fruit trees from diseases, your orchard runs the risk of being left without a crop. About diseases fruit trees and their treatment by available methods, you will learn from the material below.

Disease of fruit crops bitter rot

Bitter rot of fruits is characterized by the appearance of brown depressed rotting spots on them. The fruits become bitter in taste.

Almost all fruit trees are susceptible to this disease.

In warm and humid weather, this disease of fruit trees attacks branches through untreated wounds. The bark on them cracks, turns brown and dies.

To combat this disease of fruit trees, affected fruits must be collected and destroyed. Wounds on trees after pruning or other damage must be treated (cleaned and disinfected in a timely manner).

Before treating fruit trees for diseases, solutions must be prepared in the proportions indicated below. Before bud break, it is recommended to spray with a 4% solution of Bordeaux liquid (400 g per 10 l of water). When processing trees during the period of budding, it is best to use a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid (100 g per 10 liters of water).

The second spraying can be carried out immediately after flowering. The third spraying can be carried out simultaneously with the treatment against the codling moth (2-3 weeks after flowering).

Bitter rot of fruits can appear during the storage of apples, pears and other fruits, therefore it is recommended to disinfect storage facilities with formalin (100 g of 40% formalin per 10 liters of water). After carrying out this procedure, the room must be thoroughly ventilated. In addition, sudden temperature fluctuations in storage should be avoided. Joint storage of apples and pears is undesirable.

How to deal with fruit tree disease fruit rot

The causative agent of the disease is fruit rot - a fungus that affects the fruits of pear and apple trees.

Look at the photo: this disease of fruit trees provokes the appearance of brown spots on the fruits:

At first they are small in area, but gradually they can occupy the entire surface of the fruit, after which it turns black.

Damaged fruits usually fall off, but it is not uncommon for 2-3 affected fruits remaining on the tree to survive the winter and subsequently become a source of re-infection of the tree.

The disease spreads mainly in the second half of summer.

When preparing fruits for storage, it is necessary first of all to check whether they are affected by the disease. Affected fruits should be periodically identified and destroyed.

Fusarium rot disease of fruit plants

The defeat of Fusarium rot begins with the seed chamber, so most often the disease is detected only when the fetus is cut. The space around the seed chamber with this disease of fruit crops is filled with pink or yellow mycelium. Apples and pears are most often affected by this disease.

Fusarium rot affects fruits during storage, especially when storage is violated or after mechanical damage to fruits, so it is important to be careful when harvesting fruits for long-term storage.

Stores are recommended to be sprayed with formalin (100 g of a 40% formalin solution per 10 liters of water). After carrying out this procedure, the room should be thoroughly ventilated. Walls and ceilings in the storage should be treated with a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture (100 g per 10 liters of water).

Fight against fruit tree disease milky sheen

Another disease of the orchard is a milky sheen: when trees are affected by this disease, the leaves acquire a whitish mother-of-pearl tint.

Mushrooms are leathery plates, the width of which reaches 3 cm. They are tightly attached to the bark. Top part the mushroom is gray, and the bottom has a purple, brown or orange tint. Infected branches die off, sometimes the whole tree dies.

Everyone is susceptible to this disease, but most often affected and. A milky sheen usually appears on trees whose bark has been wounded over the winter. Affected trees must be uprooted and burned.

Protecting fruit trees from dying off branches

This disease is characterized by the appearance on the bark of dead branches of warty growths of a light pink color. The size of each of them does not exceed 5 mm. Growths can be located singly and in groups.

The disease manifests itself on the branches of currants, apple trees, pears, cherries, plums,.

Affected branches must be cut and burned, and the resulting cuts should be lubricated with garden pitch.

Orchard disease false tinder fungus

False tinder fungus causes medullary white rot wood. Affected wood becomes soft and very light. Such trees are easily broken by gusts of wind. Inside the wood there are black veins that penetrate or border the affected areas.

The fruit bodies of the false tinder fungus are woody perennial outgrowths that have a flattened shape. The mushroom can have a different color: from yellow to dark brown. Its upper side is always covered with small cracks. Usually false tinder fungus is located in cracks in the lower part of the tree trunk.

This disease affects pears, cherries, sweet cherries.

The spread of the disease occurs by spores that germinate in wounds on the bark of trees.

To combat the false tinder fungus, it is necessary to increase the winter hardiness of fruit trees and choose zoned varieties for planting. In autumn, trunks and skeletal branches of trees should be whitewashed with lime.

It is important to protect trees from bark damage. All wounds must be disinfected with a 3% solution blue vitriol and cover with garden pitch.

Trees affected by tinder fungus should be uprooted and burned. It is desirable to cut false tinder fungi in July, when their fruiting bodies have already formed, and the spores have not yet matured.

Diseases of stone fruit crops

The most common non-infectious disease of stone fruit crops is gum disease, which affects plums, cherries, sweet cherries, and other stone fruits.

Diseases are mainly affected by trees damaged after an unfavorable wintering or already affected by other diseases of stone fruit crops. Most often, gum disease occurs on trees grown on acidic or highly moist soils, as well as after applying a large amount of fertilizer in high humidity.

With this disease, gum is released on tree trunks, which hardens in the form of transparent glassy formations.

To combat gum disease, gum-producing wounds should be cleaned, disinfected with a 1% solution of copper sulfate, then rubbed with fresh leaves and covered with a mixture consisting of 70% nigrol and 30% sifted oven ash.

Wounds formed on the bark after pruning must be covered with garden pitch.

How to treat fruit trees from the disease pink moldy rot

Brown rotting spots form on fruits affected by pink moldy rot. Gradually, they increase and become covered first with white, and then with a pink coating - mycelium. Rot damage can also begin from the seed chamber. In this case, the disease can be detected only when the fetus is cut.

Pink moldy rot affects fruits during their storage in case of violation of its regime (for example, at high humidity, high temperature). In addition, the cause of the disease can be mechanical damage to the fruit.

Care must be taken when harvesting fruits for long-term storage. It is recommended to disinfect storages by spraying with formalin (100 g of 40% formalin per 10 liters of water) followed by closing the storage for a day. After carrying out such a procedure, the room must be ventilated. Walls and ceilings should be whitewashed with lime milk or sprayed with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid (100 g per 10 liters of water).

Cherry leaf disease Steklenberg virosis

Cherry leaf disease Steklenberg virosis provokes the formation of rings of light green or yellow color, which persist until leaf fall. Sometimes the affected areas of the leaf die off, brown necrotic spots appear. On some leaves, growths characteristic of virosis may form.

In adult cherry trees, the growth of shoots slows down, the formation of rosettes of narrow leaves with a thickened skin and an oily sheen on the underside of the leaf. The edges of the leaves are curled. In spring, trees affected by virosis often die off flower buds.

Sometimes the disease can proceed without visible symptoms, but such a cherry tree dies prematurely.

Cherry virosis can also affect cherries.

This viral disease is practically untreatable. Affected trees should be uprooted and burned.

Protecting fruit trees from cytosporosis disease

The main symptom of the disease of fruit trees is cytosporosis - the formation of large gum wounds in the bark of plants (usually on skeletal branches and forks).

As a result, the branches dry out, as the wood is damaged under the dead bark. The mass spread of the disease occurs most often in late spring, as well as in the first half of summer.

The characteristic signs of the disease are browning and further drying, accompanied by twisting of the leaves and buds. They remain on the tree for a long time without falling off.

Cytosporosis most often affects trees damaged by the sun or frost.

Only weakened stone fruit trees are most susceptible to the disease.

As a preventive measure for further infection, affected branches and trees should be removed from the site.

Now that you have received information about the main diseases of fruit trees and their treatment, immediate measures must be taken to cultivate the garden.

CHERRY
Cherry has a wide range of medicinal properties. Cherry leaves contain organic acids (malic and citric), tannins, coumarin, sucrose, dextrose, anthocyanins, vitamins C, B1, B2, B6, B9 ( folic acid). They have expectorant, diuretic, antiseptic, sedative and anticonvulsant effects. Their infusion is used for inflammation of the respiratory tract, for anemia, as a laxative for constipation, to reduce fermentation processes in the intestines and as a general tonic.
Cherry leaves also have diuretic and astringent properties. They are used for nephrolithiasis, joint diseases, edema, diarrhea.
A decoction of young leaves is used for diarrhea, chronic colitis, and also in the complex treatment of intestinal atony. Vitamin tea is brewed from spring leaves, which has anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and hemostatic effects.

People with gastritis or gastric ulcer, 12 duodenal ulcer with high acidity of gastric juice during an exacerbation of the disease should take decoctions and infusions with caution.

chokeberry
Chokeberry (chokeberry) has hypotensive, antispasmodic, diuretic, choleretic, anti-inflammatory, capillary-strengthening properties, and also lowers cholesterol levels in the blood, stimulates the homeostasis system.
It is indicated for hypertension of stages 1 and 2, various disorders in the blood coagulation system (hemorrhagic diathesis, capillary toxicosis), bleeding, atherosclerosis, glomerulonephritis, rheumatism, diabetes, allergic diseases.
The pectins contained in chokeberry, remove radioactive substances, heavy metals, pathogenic microorganisms from the human body, eliminate spasms, normalize bowel function. The contained complex of vitamins (a combination of vitamin P and C) helps to strengthen the walls of blood vessels, improves their elasticity and firmness.
In the formation of stones in the kidneys and urinary ducts, chokeberry leaves can exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. Its hemostatic, laxative, diaphoretic actions are known. Rowan leaf tea is useful for kidney and liver diseases.

PEAR
Pear is rich in fructose, glucose and sucrose, organic acids, tannins, pectin, nitrogenous substances, carotene and vitamins of groups A, B, P, PP, C and B. Pear leaves contain a large amount of iodine. Infusion of pear leaves has a diuretic, fixative, disinfectant, expectorant and antipyretic effect, helps to normalize the digestive tract.

APPLE TREE
Apple leaves, due to their rich chemical composition, have many beneficial properties for the body: anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, improve metabolism in the body, and are useful for edema.
The leaves of the apple tree, as well as the fruits, contain phenolic compounds that strengthen the walls of blood vessels, reduce their fragility and permeability, promote the absorption of vitamin C. Infusion of the leaves of the apple tree is used for colds, coughs, hoarseness, nephritis, bladder problems and kidney stones .

PLUM
Decoctions and lotions from the leaves of this plant are used by healers as a means for healing wounds.
Plum fruits and leaves contain coumarins. These substances have the ability to prevent thrombosis and have a therapeutic effect on existing thrombosis. The effect exerted contributes to the expansion of the coronary vessels.

MAPLE
Maple leaves contain essential oil, betuloretinic acid, saponins, tannins, hyperoside, carotene, essential oil, vitamin C, phytoncides. Young maple leaves have a white sweetish, pleasant-tasting sticky juice rich in vitamin C, which has antiscorbutic, tonic, choleretic, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, tonic, analgesic and diuretic effects.
Clen is an excellent antidepressant, well relieves nervous tension caused by stress, reduces aggression, harmonizes, restores energy, enriches the body useful substances. In addition, it is an excellent potion for crushing stones in bladder, kidney.

There are no contraindications for clen.

HAZEL
In the leaves of hazel ( hazelnut) contains sucrose, essential oil, myricitrosil, vitamins. Hazel is a laxative, so it is used for constipation. The plant has antipyretic and astringent properties. Hazel is used as a means that dilates blood vessels. This medicinal plant dissolves kidney stones, stimulates all body functions.

Tinctures and decoctions of hazel leaves can increase blood pressure.

STRAWBERRY
Infusion of garden and wild strawberry leaves have a tonic, sedative, vasodilating, tonic, hematopoietic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, choleretic, anti-sclerotic, hypoglycemic properties. Inside it is taken as a tonic, antispasmodic for neurasthenia, leukemia, enuresis, polymenorrhea, laryngeal carcinomas. Infusion of leaves slows down the rhythm and increases the amplitude of heart contractions, dilates blood vessels, and helps to remove salts from the body. AT scientific medicine an infusion of strawberry leaves is recommended to be taken to reject necrotic masses in decaying tumors.
In folk medicine, an infusion of leaves is used for gastritis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, colitis, hypertension, heart weakness, palpitations, kidney disease, liver, edema, neurasthenia, insomnia, bronchial asthma, diabetes mellitus, gout, liver stones and kidneys, skin rashes, rickets, scrofula, hemorrhoids. Also, the infusion is taken for colds, which are accompanied by high fever and cough, for anemia, beriberi, hepatitis, diarrhea, atonic constipation, diseases of the spleen.
Outwardly, an infusion of strawberry leaves is used as a rinse for purulent inflammation of the mouth and throat, as compresses in the treatment of weeping, bleeding wounds that do not heal for a long time.

CURRANT
Currant is a storehouse of vitamins.
Berries and leaves of this unique plant contain provitamin A, essential vitamins B and P, as well as pectin substances, useful sugars, phosphoric acid, carotene and essential oil, which are important for the body. Currant leaves contain a large amount of magnesium, phytoncides, manganese, silver, sulfur, lead and copper.
Currant leaves are used to treat diseases of the liver, respiratory tract. Leaf infusions perfectly increase immunity and resistance colds. They have tonic and antiseptic properties due to the content of tannins and biologically active substances, vitamins and essential oils. The leaves of this shrub contain more vitamin C than its berries, so they are used for gout, gastritis, and also for cardiovascular diseases. Traditional medicine strongly recommends the use of decoctions for eye diseases and various dermatitis.

Due to the high content of unique phenolic compounds and vitamin K, the use of currants is contraindicated in thrombophlebitis.

RASPBERRY
Raspberries are an invaluable treasure for health.
It contains in its composition five organic acids: salicylic, malic, citric, formic, caproic. Raspberries are rich in tannins, pectin, nitrogenous substances, potassium, copper salts, vitamin C, carotene, and essential oils.
Raspberry leaves have antipyretic, diaphoretic, antitoxic and hemostatic effects. Infusions of raspberry leaves are used for colds, acute respiratory infections, influenza, sciatica, fever and neuralgia. They are also an ingredient in the preparation of diaphoretic teas. Raspberry leaves are also used for atherosclerosis, diseases of the kidneys, stomach, intestines, hypertension and heart dysfunction, diarrhea and bleeding. Infusion of raspberry leaves can be used to gargle and oral cavity in various inflammatory processes.

Use with caution in nephritis and gout.

BLACKBERRY
Leaves are best harvested during the flowering of the plant. They contain especially a lot of tannins, leukoanthocyanides, flavanols, vitamin C, important amino acids and minerals. Blackberry tea improves metabolism and is an excellent remedy for diabetes.
With gastritis and gastric bleeding, a decoction of blackberry leaves is especially useful. An infusion on blackberry leaves is used in the treatment of atherosclerosis and hypertension, as a sedative in hysterical conditions. This infusion is also recommended for rinsing in the treatment of sore throats, inflammatory diseases of the oral mucosa, in diseases of the upper respiratory tract (has an expectorant effect), and in pulmonary bleeding. Also, an infusion of blackberry leaves is used for too heavy and prolonged menstrual bleeding, normalizes sleep, reduces excitability, and improves well-being.

MINT
Mint leaves have antispasmodic, sedative, choleretic, antiseptic, analgesic, weak hypotensive properties. It improves appetite, enhances the secretion of the digestive glands and bile secretion, reduces the tone of the smooth muscles of the intestines, as well as the biliary and urinary tract.
An infusion or tea made from mint leaves is indicated for nausea. various origins, vomiting (including in pregnant women), gastrointestinal spasms, heartburn, diarrhea, flatulence, spasms in the gallbladder, biliary and urinary tract, cholecystitis, cholangitis, hepatitis, cholelithiasis, states of nervous excitement, insomnia, pain in the heart , cough, to increase appetite.
Also, infusion and tea from mint inhibit fermentation processes in the digestive tract and, by relieving spasms of the smooth muscles of the intestine, contribute to the free passage of food. Due to the fact that mint stimulates the bile-forming function of the liver and enhances the secretion of other digestive glands, its preparations (infusion or tea) will be useful for those people who are poorly digested fatty food.

In some people, the pungent smell of mint preparations can cause respiratory distress, bronchospasm, pain in the heart area. In the treatment of the upper respiratory tract in children under 5 years of age, drugs containing menthol should not be used, as this can lead to reflex respiratory arrest! Peppermint should not be used by people with increased nervousness or insomnia. You can not use mint for people with low blood pressure (arterial hypotension). It is not recommended to use it for men either, as it can reduce male libido. Mint should be avoided by people suffering from drowsiness. With infertility, mint can not be used either.

MELISSA
Lemon balm leaves contain essential oil, tannins, bitterness, sugar, succinic, oleanolic, ursolic acids, mineral salts. Melissa has sedative, antispasmodic, carminative, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and analgesic properties. It stimulates the appetite and secretion of digestive juices, relieves tension in the smooth muscles of the intestine. In folk medicine, lemon balm is used for nervous excitement, insomnia, hysterical seizures, poor digestion, palpitations, vegetative-vascular dystonia, anemia, painful menstruation, dizziness, delayed menstruation, gout, as an antiemetic for pregnant women.

Despite the low content of toxins, taking lemon balm is not desirable in case of hypotension. Also, using lemon balm for treatment, one should abandon those serious activities that require a good mental reaction, maximum attention and concentration. Among the possible side effects using the plant, vomiting and nausea, muscle weakness, fatigue, dizziness, drowsiness, diarrhea, convulsions, heartburn, lethargy and loss of concentration, itching, constipation, etc. are possible.

PINE
Pine is a truly healing tree.
It is rich in chlorophyll, carotene, vitamin K, phytoncides, tannins, alkaloids, terpenes. Infusions and concentrates are prepared from it for the prevention and treatment of hypo- and beriberi. Also, infusions of pine shoots are used as a disinfectant, expectorant and diuretic.
Swollen and not yet blossomed pine buds (pine shoots) are accumulators of biologically active substances: resins, essential oils, starch, bitter and tannins, mineral salts. Decoction and infusion of pine buds have long been treated for rickets, chronic inflammation of the bronchi, rheumatism, chronic rashes. Infusions of pine shoots help to remove stones, they have diuretic and choleretic properties and reduce inflammation in the bladder. Extracts of pine buds kill the pathogenic microflora of the nasopharynx and oral cavity. The decoction is used for inhalation in pulmonary diseases.

The diet of children (especially children with ASD) is often limited and lacks vitamins for full growth and development of the body. Last year, we began to collect and procure biological food supplements ourselves, starting with raspberry leaf and walnut. Studying the information more deeply, we learned that the leaves of all fruit trees (and not only fruit trees) are a natural pharmacy. M A powerful set of vitamins and minerals that are contained in the leaves of trees and shrubs can compete with any complex of artificial multivitamins.

This year we spent the summer at the Yuzhny Slope holiday village and we had the happiest opportunity to collect leaves in an ecologically clean place. Many dachas and gardens turned out to be abandoned and we ate berries, collected our home pharmacy from trees that had been free for several years and certainly were not sprayed with any chemicals by anyone.

So let's start:

CHERRY LEAF

Cherry leaves contain:

Quercetin is a substance that is a natural antioxidant, it protects the human body from the harmful effects of the environment, prevents the formation of free radicals in the body and weakens their effect on the nervous and cardiovascular systems.

Tannins - provide anti-inflammatory and aseptic properties of decoctions and tinctures of cherry leaves

Coumarin is a substance that prevents the formation of blood clots and takes part in the processes of blood clotting.

Amygdalin is a biologically active substance that has positive influence on the cardiovascular system, normalizes the rhythm and speed of heart contractions and helps to reduce the intensity of heart attacks

Phytoncides - natural "antibiotics" that can destroy and stop the growth of most pathogenic bacteria, fungi and viruses

Essential oils - provide a delicate aroma, anti-inflammatory and aseptic properties of cherry leaves;

Vitamins A, P, C and group B - have a sedative, restorative effect and normalize the metabolism in the body;

Macro- and microelements: potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, iodine, cobalt, manganese, copper, molybdenum and others.

Contraindications

Cherry leaves should not be used for treatment: people suffering from diseases gastrointestinal tract with high acidity, with exacerbation of gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, patients with diabetes mellitus, patients with obesity, with chronic inflammatory processes in the lungs, with chronic diarrhea, with increased individual sensitivity.

BLACKBERRY LEAF

The chemical composition of blackberry leaves is rich and well studied. In this part of the plant found: flavonoids, tannins, leucoanthocyanides, inositol (specific alcohol), ascorbic acid, organic acids, essential oils, fructose, sucrose and glucose.

In addition, the leaves contain a huge amount of vitamins: the entire group of vitamins B, A, E, PP and C. There are many macro- and microelements in the plant, these are: zinc, copper, magnesium, manganese, iron, potassium, selenium, sodium, phosphorus , calcium, chromium and nickel.

The spectrum of action of blackberry leaves is quite wide. Preparations based on them are prescribed as the following means: anti-inflammatory, sedative, wound healing, immunomodulatory, antitoxic, antislag and antipyretic.

Blackberry leaves have shown themselves well in the treatment of hysteria, depression and nervous insomnia. By calming the central nervous system and normalizing its work, the plant helps to cope with problems. In addition, by stimulating the production of the hormone of happiness, which is necessary for depression, blackberries successfully fight this disease when it is still in mild to moderate severity.

At the first manifestations of gastritis, blackberry leaves will also come in handy. They will quickly relieve inflammation and prevent the development of the disease. In addition, the ability of blackberries to heal wounds helps to restore the mucous membrane affected by the disease.

For colds and flu, preparations from the leaves reduce the temperature, having a diaphoretic effect. At the same time, they significantly strengthen the immune system, helping to cope with the disease in the shortest possible time.

As an immunomodulatory drug, blackberry leaves help prevent morbidity during the flu and colds.

Contraindications.

First of all, these are: various kidney diseases, especially severe ones, significantly increased acidity of the stomach, as well as an allergic reaction to the plant. It is unacceptable to use drugs from blackberries in large quantities with hypotension, as this can provoke some decrease in pressure.

PEACH LEAF

Peach leaves contain a complex of valuable polyphenolic substances (persicoside, naringenin, quercetin, tannin and kaempferol). They contain bioactive flavonoids, essential oils and organic acids. The microelement set is represented by substances that are very important for the body - copper and iron.

Due to the presence of naringenin and persicoside, preparations prepared from peach leaves have antitumor activity and are used in the treatment of cancer.

Tannin gives them hemostatic and capillary-strengthening properties.

Flavonoids and organic acids have bactericidal, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effects.

Peach leaf polyphenols are powerful antioxidants. They cleanse the body of free radicals, slow down the aging process and eliminate toxicosis.

Taking an aqueous peach leaf extract increases immunity, activates the production of antibodies that destroy harmful microorganisms.

Phytopreparations from peach leaves are an excellent remedy for the negative effects of climatic, environmental and psycho-emotional factors. We must not forget that a decoction of peach leaves - good remedy from headaches and rheumatic pains.

Infusions and decoctions of leaves peach tree have antipyretic, diuretic, diaphoretic and mild laxative effects. Their intake improves the functioning of the stomach and intestines, stimulates digestion and eliminates dyspepsia.

Peach leaves are used in the treatment of hypoacid gastritis (with low acidity of gastric juice). Those who suffer from constipation and accumulation of intestinal gases will solve their problem by drinking 1-2 glasses of water infusion of peach leaves per day.

Peach leaf is part of the herbal teas used to treat thyroid pathologies. His healing properties used in the treatment of anemia, bronchitis and heart disease.

Contraindications
Peach leaf treatment is contraindicated in case of individual intolerance. It is not recommended to use it during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
RASPBERRY LEAF

The leaves of this thorny shrub are a real pantry of substances that are useful and vital. necessary for a person. What makes it unique is that it has practically no contraindications and it can be used by children, pregnant women and nursing mothers - it benefits everyone.

The beneficial properties of the leaves are explained by the fact that they contain vitamins: C, K, E, as well as: fiber, fruit organic acids (succinic, malic, lactic), tannins and astringents, flavonoids, sugars; macro- and microelements: iodine, magnesium, manganese, calcium, potassium, sodium, iron, copper, phosphorus; a unique biological substance salicylate, which in its effect on the body resembles the well-known aspirin; antioxidants, mineral salts, resins; mucus.

Leaf decoctions are taken in inflammatory processes of the gastrointestinal tract, the need to increase immunity, in the complex treatment of beriberi, cosmetic masks are made from them to nourish the skin and reduce facial wrinkles.

Infusions cleanse the intestines of toxins and toxins.

Contraindications
Use with caution in nephritis and gout.

SEA BUCKTHORN LEAF

richest chemical composition:tannin (more than 10%), oleanic and ursolic triterpene acids,folic acid, serotonin, flavonoids, vitamins (PP, C, group B), coumarin, inositol, tannins, phytoncides, useful trace elements (including manganese, iron, boron and others)

Experienced specialists in the field of traditional medicine claim that decoctions, tinctures and infusions prepared from sea buckthorn leaves are universal therapeutic and prophylactic agents that cope with many different pathologies.

The unique chemical composition allows them to have the following types of effects on the human body: anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic (reduce blood sugar concentration), hepatoprotective (protect liver cells from harmful effects), immunomodulatory, astringent, anticonvulsant, sedative, antibacterial and antiviral.

Besides, medicines from the leaves of sea buckthorn contribute to the removal of toxins from the body, oxalic and uric acid, excess cholesterol, improve blood composition.

Contraindications:

The main contraindication to taking preparations from sea buckthorn leaves is their individual intolerance. constituent components. Meanwhile, tincture prepared on their basis should not be taken by persons whose activities require the highest concentration and strict adherence to safety requirements (for example, pilots, equipment operators on production lines, drivers of vehicles, etc.).

CURRANT LEAF

Surely everyone has heard more than once how currants are called the “pantry” of vitamins, and there are really a lot of them: C, PP, E, K, D, group B and provitamin A. They are found not only in berries, but also in the entire aerial part of the plant, and they have a positive effect on the work immune system and tone up.

Among other things, the currant leaf contains: mineral salts of magnesium, manganese, zinc, silver, sulfur, copper, phosphorus, boron, potassium, sodium, fluorine, iron, calcium and cobalt,
valuable essential oils, sugar, tannins, phytoncides, organic acids - malic, citric, salicylic, succinic and tartaric, pectins.

By the way, it is the group of pectins that is able to bind and remove various toxins, salts of heavy metals and radionuclides from the body.

Its anti-inflammatory properties and antiseptic qualities are appropriate in the treatment of diseases of the stomach or intestines. The leaf is able to kill the pathogenic microflora that has settled and spreads in the digestive tract.

Sulfur is a substance that takes an active part in building bone tissue and cartilage, as well as in strengthening nerve cells. Its functions include the stabilization of the nervous system, as well as the normalization of blood sugar levels.

Regular intake of decoctions is able to remove excess uric acid and bile, and destroy pathogenic microorganisms and dysentery bacillus. They have a positive effect on the function of hematopoiesis and help get rid of anemia.

In complex treatment, they are successfully used in the treatment of diseases of the liver, respiratory organs and urolithiasis. They also increase the body's resistance during periods of seasonal colds.

The totality of the discovered ingredients makes it possible to use beneficial features leaves for healing from vitamin deficiencies, immune diseases, weakened conditions due to overwork and in postoperative periods. Thanks to antioxidants, they prevent the formation of tumors.

Contraindications

With thrombophlebitis, since the regular use of drugs based on currant leaves leads to an increase in blood clotting.

With increased gastric acidity, leaf decoction will be contraindicated; you should not treat it with peptic ulcers and inflammation of the duodenum.

Concentrated leaves in any form are contraindicated for pregnant women and nursing mothers in order to avoid allergic reactions and other side effects.

MULBERRY LEAF

The pectins present in the leaves reduce the absorption of fats in the small intestine and stomach, improve digestion, thereby reducing the level of cholesterol and fats in the blood. Pectins also prevent the formation of carcinogens and toxins and contribute to the removal of toxins from the body, which leads to strengthening immunity and reducing the risk of malignant tumors.

The beneficial properties of mulberry berries and leaves are also due to the content of tannins that have binding properties, and therefore the plant is useful for diarrhea.

An infusion of the leaves is used in diabetes to lower blood sugar levels.

A decoction of the leaves reduces fever and has antibacterial properties.

WALNUT LEAF

The chemical composition of the leaves of the plant is well studied and today is not a mystery. This part of the plant contains: naphthoquinonuglon, hyperoside, quercetin, kaempferol, tannins, juglone, essential oils, glycosides, carotene, coumarin, aromatic compounds, alkaloids, caffeic acid, galusic acid, ascorbic acid, ellagic acid, aldehydes, flavoxanthin, violaxanthin and cryptoxanthin. In addition, walnut leaves contain vitamins: A, E, C, PP, B1 and B8.

The high concentration of various medicinal substances in the leaves of the plant makes them an excellent drug for getting rid of many ailments. Separately, it is worth highlighting the record content of vitamin C, due to which walnut leaf plates are especially useful for the human immune system.

The scope of preparations from walnut leaves is quite wide. They have various therapeutic effects on the body: anti-inflammatory, astringent, hemostatic, anthelmintic, wound healing, analgesic and immunomodulatory.

With general exhaustion and weakening of the body, walnut leaves are included in general therapy as a very effective general tonic of natural origin. They have a beneficial effect on metabolism, contributing to its recovery and thereby helping the body cope with the disease. Usually in this case, the leaf-based medicine is part of a comprehensive treatment. Various diseases of the stomach and intestines are perfectly cured with drugs from sheet plates walnut. They relieve inflammation and pain, and also promote the healing of ulcers and damaged mucous membranes.

Various inflammatory processes in the joints are also eliminated with plant-based preparations. If the articular tissue is not yet completely destroyed, leaf medicines will have a stimulating effect on it to restore itself.

Diarrhea is another reason to remember walnut leaves, which have pronounced antimicrobial and astringent actions and quickly eliminate the problem. It is reasonable to use preparations based on them even with dysentery

Contraindications

There are few contraindications to the use of medicines from walnut leaves. They cannot be treated if there is an allergic reaction (at least to one component in their composition), increased blood clotting or thrombophlebitis is observed. For everyone else, preparations based on walnut leaves are completely safe and can be used without fear.

Diseases of fruit crops that damage the trunks and branches of fruit trees are extremely harmful and very dangerous. With their strong development, the trees weaken and are not able to resist other fungal diseases and bacterial infections and often die.

Black cancer

• When infected, diseased shoots die off, and if the bole is damaged, then the whole tree dies. Leaves, flowers, bark, fruits are affected.
• Spots form on the leaves, on which the dead tissue is divided by concentric circles.
• The fruits shrivel and dry out, covered with numerous small black tubercles.
• There are reddish-brown, later darkening spots on the bark, which gradually expand and encircle the damaged part of the tree with a ring of dead tissue, which leads to the death of individual branches and the crown. On the affected cortex, correctly located concentric zones in the form of circles are visible.
• The disease develops in old neglected gardens. It is promoted by periodic freezing and cracking of the bark. Apple trees growing on heavy loamy soils are highly susceptible to black cancer.

Causes rot of trunks and large branches, often leading to the death of the tree. Symptoms of the disease are similar to black cancer.

Control measures

• Spraying trees against scab contributes to the fight against desiccation diseases;
• cutting out the affected areas of the cortex with a sharp knife, capturing healthy tissue and lubricating these places disinfectant solutions(1% copper sulphate, 2% nitrafen);
• good care, rational fertilizer application system, annual whitewashing of boles with a 20-25% solution of lime with the addition of 1% copper sulphate.

Brown spot of apple and pear (phyllosticosis)

Rounded brown spots form on the leaves, on the upper side of which small black dots form - spores of the fungus. With a severe infection, the leaves fall prematurely.

Control measures

Affects stone fruit crops. The injury is similar to a burn. Appears early in spring. The flowers turn brown, droop, after them the leaves wither and dry, annual shoots and the tree becomes, as it were, burnt. Shoots and flowers are covered with a gray fluffy coating. Infected fruits rot, become covered with ash-gray fungus sporulation pads, shrink and dry out over time. Cracks appear on the bark, from which gum flows.

Control measures

• Spraying with 3% nitrafen in early spring before bud break;
• before flowering, spraying with 1% Bordeaux mixture (100 g of copper sulfate and 100 g of lime per 10 liters of water) or 0.4% polycarbacin.

Klyasterosporiosis or perforated leaf spot

All bone breeds are affected. The causative agent is a fungus. Leaves, buds, flowers, fruits, young shoots are affected. Small spots appear on the leaves in early spring, first reddish-brown, then brown, with a blurry raspberry border. The spots grow rapidly, up to 2-5 mm in diameter, the fabric of them crumbles, forming holes. The leaves become "leaky", dry out and fall off. Gum is secreted in places where leaf petioles are damaged. When young shoots are affected, reddish spots form, the tissue in the spots cracks, gum is released from the affected shoots, which flows down the shoot and solidifies in the form of a light yellow, vitreous mass. In diseased fruits, the pulp of the fetus stops growing and dries up to the very bone.

contributes to the development of the disease high humidity air. A severe defeat leads to damage to the fruit, weakening of the trees, and a decrease in yield.

Control measures

The leaves and fruits of cherries and sweet cherries are affected. Small rounded or irregular shape brownish-red spots. Affected leaves dry up prematurely and fall off in mid-summer. The fruits form large Brown sunken spots. The fruits become tasteless, watery, low in sugar. With a strong defeat, premature leaf fall begins in the trees, and young trees are completely bare. Such trees freeze in winter.

Control measures

• Early spring spraying 3% nitrafen, spraying with 1% Bordeaux liquid after flowering and after harvest.

The fruits become ugly, elongated, bag-shaped, there is no stone inside. The surface of the fruit in the middle of summer is covered with a whitish-grayish bloom (waxy) - the fruiting of the fungus.

Control measures

• Early spring cutting of affected shoots, burying fallen leaves;
• spraying trees during the budding period with 1% Bordeaux liquid or 0.4% copper oxychloride.

A widespread and dangerous disease. The causative agent is a fungus that infects the leaves, fruits, branches of a fruit tree. Blurry spots appear on the upper side of the leaves, with a velvety greenish-olive coating. With a strong infection, leaf fall is observed. Dry, leathery spots form on the fruits, under which the flesh cracks, and the fruit itself, with early infection, takes on an irregular shape. On the bark of shoots (especially in pears), spots first appear, and then the bark wrinkles and cracks. In some years, scab renders up to 50% of the crop unusable.

Scab is especially pronounced in years with wet and warm summers. A stronger development of the disease is observed in low, damp and poorly ventilated areas, on trees with a dense crown.

Control measures

• Spraying in early spring before bud break with 5% urea (treatment of trees and soil with fallen leaves), 3% nitrafen or 4% oleocuprite;
• in summer, spraying with 0.4% polycarbacin, 0.4% copper oxychloride, 0.4% polychom is effective (treatments should be carried out before flowering and 17-18 days after flowering of the Antonovka variety);
• autumn raking of leaves, their destruction (burning) and digging of trunk circles contributes to a significant death of the infection.

A disease caused by a fungus, ubiquitous on apple and pear trees. It begins with the appearance of a small brown spot, which grows very quickly and covers the entire fruit. The affected tissue of the fetus becomes loose, loses its taste and nutritional qualities. Large grayish-brown pads appear on the surface of the fruit, arranged in regular concentric circles. In the future, the infected fruits fall off or remain hanging on the tree, acquiring a brilliant black color - they become mummified.

The spread of the disease is facilitated by mechanical damage to the fruit - insect injections, hailstones. The disease is most pronounced, like scab, in years with wet and warm summers.

Control measures

• Spraying trees with fungicides used in the fight against scab helps to destroy fruit rot;
• collection and destruction of diseased fruits in summer.

The causative agent is a fungus that affects leaves, inflorescences and the ends of young shoots. In the affected areas, a white powdery coating is formed, which at first is easily erased, later on it is quite dense. With a strong infection, the shoots stop developing, the leaves curl and dry out.

Control measures

• Pruning and destruction of affected shoots and branches;
• spraying in the rosebud phase with 1% colloidal sulfur.

In the spring, the trees are carefully examined and various damage to the above-ground part (whitening sections of trunks and branches) is revealed. The degree of damage may vary. Of particular danger to the tree are ring damage to the trunk bark. It is necessary immediately after detection to tie the damaged areas with burlap or better plastic wrap so that the plant does not dry out. Later, a “bridge” vaccination is carried out.

Other diseases of fruit crops

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Timely control of pests and diseases is the main task of gardening.

​Related Articles​

powdery mildew

Before proceeding with treatment, it is necessary to clean the infected area. To do this, the bark that has been infected is removed, and the opened area is thoroughly disinfected. Such a " Ambulance"Does not allow fungal spores to settle in the wound, and those spores that have managed to penetrate will not be able to develop.

The tell-tale sign of the lesion is a hole surrounded by black, sticky feces on the surface of the fetus. Damaged fruits fall to the ground before maturity. Work the soil around the trees.​

OPENOK

BACTERIAL CANCER

Having harvested the fruit, the tree is treated with copper or iron sulphate, or Bordeaux liquid (1%);

Most susceptible to scab are apple orchards in which the trees are planted too densely or old, weakened trees grow.

First of all, preventive actions are aimed at increasing the winter hardiness of the apple tree. Conduct timely fertilization. Sick branches must be cut and burned. When cutting, the cut is made 5 cm below the change (browning) of the wood. The resulting sections are disinfected with 1% copper sulphate. On the day of the pruning, the wounds must be covered with oil paint or garden pitch.

Video "Prevention and treatment of powdery mildew on apple trees"

​Successful treatment of cytosporosis can be achieved if it is started at an early stage of development, while the wood and cambium have not suffered from deep penetration mushroom

Apple fungus - scab

In the spring, before flowering, it is advisable to use the Fitosporin M biofungicide or Bordeaux liquid.

Fruit trees are prone to disease, and the apple tree is no exception. And if you are a responsible gardener, look after your garden and wish to receive decent harvest, then they should know the diseases of apple trees and their treatment. The article will help you successfully diagnose the most dangerous of them and tell you what to do in each case.​

Another measure to protect trees from disease is the whitewashing of trees, which must be carried out 2-3 times a year. It is necessary to whitewash the trunk and 1/3 of the lower branches. The main one is held from the end of October to the beginning of January. Then - in the spring, at the beginning of March, if you wish, you can spend the summer, somewhere in July. She's not that important. Trees of any age are whitened, for young ones the solution becomes weaker.

Honey agaric - common cause death of apple trees. Fruiting bodies appear in autumn at the base of the trunk. Destroy the stems and roots of diseased trees. Wetting the soil with chemical solutions around trees is no longer allowed.​

Serious bone disease. Spots with a pale edge appear on the leaves - in later stages, gum oozes through the bark and the affected branches die off. Cut out diseased branches and treat the wounds with garden putty. Spray with copper in August, September and October.​

Fruit rot or moniliosis

Collect fallen leaves after processing and burn.

Precautions and ways to treat fungus:

Lichens reproduce thanks to millions of fungal spores carried by the wind, as well as due to algae cells on fungal threads, which are transferred to a new place with rain or wind.

If there are severely damaged and drying apple trees in your garden, they must be dug up and burned.

First, spraying with Hom is carried out. It is advisable to do this as soon as the kidneys begin to swell. Solution: dilute 40 g of the drug in 10 liters of cold water.

To combat scab, fungicides "Gamair", "Horus", "Fitolavin" are used. Spraying is carried out both before flowering and after.

​Often wrong treatment can result in the death of a tree, so it is better to entrust the diseases of fruit trees and their treatment to the specialists of our company. They will correctly remove dry branches, they will carry out necessary procedures, which, perhaps, will be the salvation for your garden. And may he always please you with his rich and tasty gifts.

All types of fruits can be attacked by wasps. Spraying is not effective - you need to find a nest and destroy it with wasp chemicals. Do this work at dusk.​

​THE POWDER DEW​

​WILTING BUDS

To protect apple trees from primary infection with spores, in the spring, even before the leaves appear, you need to spray the soil and the trees themselves with pesticides - copper sulfate, nitrafen (dilute 300 g per 10 liters of water) or DNOC (1%);

If there is very little lichen on the apple tree, there is nothing to worry about, there is even an opinion that the lichen protects the tree from other fungi. But the overgrown lichen should still be removed - its accumulations on the bark interfere with the flow of air to the trunk of the apple tree, which can lead to drying out of the branches, in addition, scale insects and other pests can settle under the lichen.

Bacterial burn (bacteriosis)

With diseases of the bark of apple trees, whitewashing of skeletal branches and stems, which is carried out twice a season - at the end of winter and autumn, helps. To do this, use 20% milk of lime (dilute 2 kg of milk of lime per 10 liters of water). 500 g of 5% copper sulfate is added to the prepared mixture.

Then use copper sulfate. To prepare it, dilute 50 g of the drug in 10 liters of cold water. The resulting solution is treated with a garden before flowering. After flowering, it should be treated again with Hom.

Mineral fertilizers have proven themselves well against the fungus, and this method can also be foliar top dressing at the same time. For treatment, solutions of 15% potassium salt, 10% ammonium nitrate, 15% potassium nitrate, 10% high concentration ammonium sulfate. They can also be used for preventive work, however, in this case, the concentration must be reduced.​

On leaves, shoots and sometimes on fruits, a mealy coating of gray or off-white color is formed. Over time, this plaque becomes brown and multiple black blotches appear. In the initial stage, plaque can be easily removed, but over time it becomes more dense. Under its action, the foliage begins to curl, turn yellow, gradually dry out, and young leaves stop in their development. If the ovaries have formed, they can crumble. The disease leads to a decrease in yield, in severe cases - up to 50%. Even low temperatures environment in winter do not affect the causative agent of the disease. It calmly overwinters in the buds of infected shoots. Even in the most severe and cold winters, the mycelium only slightly decreases, but still remains viable. The fungus can reduce the winter hardiness of the apple tree.

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milky shine

You can watch the diseases of fruit trees in the video that you will find at the end of this page. This is how many of the common diseases are shown. fruit plants, in particular, it is scab and fruit stonyness.

The main disease of apple and pear trees - young leaves, shoots and flower brushes are covered with a grayish-white bloom in spring. Growth stunting is observed, leaves may fall off, and fruits may not set. Remove infected branches.​

In a mild, damp spring, this disease can cause the flower clusters of apple, pear, and plum trees to turn brown and wither; with a strong infection, shoots die. Remove infected flowers and dead growths. In the summer, remove all fruits affected by brown rot. To protect the apple orchard from these misfortunes, you need to ensure proper care from the very beginning, doing

at the end of April, treatment of apple trees with Bordeaux liquid (3-4%), cuproxate or copper chlorine;

Video about lichen on an apple tree

If you are the owner of a large garden and the trees in it are very dense, then the site is treated with a 2% solution of milk of lime using hose sprayers.

Be sure to fertilize with potash and phosphorus-containing fertilizers on the eve of winter cold weather.

This disease traditionally manifests itself during fruit ripening, at the end of August. Especially if the weather is wet. If an apple tree is affected by scab or codling moth, then this will be enough for moniliosis to develop: rot develops on a fruit infected with a fungus and spreads to healthy fruits through contact (an example of infection in the photo).

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Lichens, scab and powdery mildew on apple trees - control methods

Find out the cost of work:

Lichen

SCAB MILKY SHINE BROWN ROT

Phytosanitary cleanings in the bud formation phase and after they fade, use Bordeaux liquid of a lower concentration (1%); Ways to eliminate lichen from apple trees:

In dry and hot summers, make sure that watering is regular and sufficient. Do not forget to apply potash and phosphorus-containing fertilizers in sufficient quantities. Monitor the condition of the soil, apply liming and drainage.​

The causative agent of the disease is Gram-negative bacterium. They are able to infect not only young, but also mature fruit-bearing trees. Bacteriosis spreads from top to bottom. Basically, this disease penetrates the territory of the garden with newly acquired cuttings or young seedlings. The main development factors are high ambient temperatures and warm rains. In most cases bacterial burn- the main reason that the apple tree loses its flowers.

First, a small spot appears on the apple, which progresses very quickly and occupies the entire surface of the fruit. The apple turns brown and becomes very soft. This apple should not be eaten. Moniliosis is much more insidious than powdery mildew or scab, since the symptoms do not appear immediately, but gradually. It is also dangerous after harvesting - the infection can easily spread to healthy fruits through contact.

In autumn and spring, remove and be sure to burn shoots affected by powdery mildew. Use agrotechnical measures that can prevent excessive soil moisture.

Fill out the form, describe your situation, attach a photo or file for a more accurate assessment of the work. We will contact you as soon as possible.​

• Leaves become mottled, twigs blister, dark scabs on young fruit develop into large corky patches. Spray with myclobutanil and repeat treatments every 14 days.​
• Spores enter through wounds, and the first sign is a silvery coating on the leaves. The wood turns brown and dying occurs. Before the beginning of July, cut dead branches 15 cm below the affected areas - destroy the fruiting bodies of the fungus if they appear on the bark.
• The infected fruit turns brown and is covered with concentric rings of yellowish plaque. The disease is most active on apple trees. It is necessary to destroy diseased fruits as soon as they are seen on a tree or on the ground.

Scab

​: pruning dry branches with treating wounds with a solution of iron sulfate, cleaning and burning fallen leaves. It is better to spray apple trees with complex preparations with a wide spectrum of action (Vectra, Skor, Cumulus, Bordeaux liquid). Three weeks after flowering, apple trees are sprayed with suspensions of phthalan, captan or cineb. During the dormant period (early spring or late autumn), you need to clean the trunk of lichen with a wooden stick in wet weather, or with a stiff brush;

Perhaps this material will help you in the fight against diseases of apple trees. After all, timely, and most importantly, qualified assistance can save your green fruit plantations. The gardener must know the diseases and treatment of apple trees, otherwise he risks being left not only without a crop, but also without his garden.

The main signs of a bacterial burn are the presence of black spots on the entire fruit tree. If branches and shoots are affected, they become covered with dark watery spots. Affected foliage has a charred, burnt appearance. Over time, it will begin to specifically bend. But, despite its lack of viability, it does not fall off, but rests on the branches.

The onset of cold weather calmly tolerates rot on sick, mummified fruits.

In the prevention of this disease, the Topaz fungicide is successfully used. It is advisable to process the entire garden, especially if Semerenko, Boyken, White Rosemary varieties are present. To suppress the primary infection, treatment with this drug begins at the beginning of the growing season. Usually 4 sprays are carried out per season.

• Diseases of the bark of fruit trees. A few practical tips.​
• PEAR FRUIT STONE
• Fruit pests are a real disaster for the garden in which they live. Already at the stage of crop ripening, they bring the fruits into a substandard state.
• The most common pests of fruit trees are a variety of caterpillars that destroy crops. Look at the photos of fruit tree pests and you will be able to recognize them at a glance.​

This article briefly describes the main diseases and pests of fruit trees that almost every gardener has to deal with. Descriptions, photos and videos are presented, from which you can draw some information that helps in the daily struggle for the future harvest. Pests and diseases of fruit crops are subdivided into several types that can spread to other varieties of horticultural shrubs.​

powdery mildew

To prevent infection of trees next year, you should remove the fallen leaves immediately after leaf fall and plow the soil under the apple trees. Another way is to lubricate the lichen with a mixture of clay and slaked lime and remove the entire mass after drying; tree, it will die rather quickly, and the disease will spread to the rest of the apple trees. Therefore, it is very important to remove moldy fruits, twisted branches, brown leaves in a timely manner so that bacteria and fungi do not cause significant damage to your garden.

If a bacterial burn affects the flowers, then they change their color from white to dark brown and fall off the tree. In the event that the fruits suffer, they also become an unhealthy dark color, stop growing, but remain on the branches until late autumn arrives.

First of all, as soon as you notice a diseased affected fruit, immediately remove it from the tree. Do not forget about the carrion, it should be collected and buried. Do not leave mummified fruits for the winter, they must also be disposed of. After you harvest, the places on the crown where the main foci of rot were located should be sprayed with a 5% urea solution.

• ​After the crop is harvested, the treatment is continued by spraying 1% Bordeaux liquid. A solution of copper sulphate is also perfect for this procedure. To cook in a bucket of water, add 2 tbsp. spoons of copper sulfate and 1 tbsp. a spoonful of liquid soap.
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• Affected trees should be dug up and destroyed. Diseased fruits are small and deformed, with a surface covered with dimples and tubercles. The pulp is woody and inedible.
• Slimy Cherry Sawfly

TRACKS

Various diseases of fruit trees are described later on this page. Here you can also see photos of diseases of fruit trees. On barely blossoming leaves and inflorescences, on young shoots after prolonged rains, a dense silvery coating appeared? This is a sure sign of a common apple disease - after cleaning, the trunk and branches are sprayed with a solution oxalic acid, or iron sulfate (3%).

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Diseases and pests of fruit trees: photos and videos of stone fruit diseases

Growing a strong apple tree that will produce tasty fruits every year is not so easy. It is necessary to carefully care for young seedlings, cut off unnecessary branches and plant new ones to increase the productivity of the tree. But even proper care it can not always protect apple trees from diseases - various unforeseen factors influence their appearance and development. However, it is in your power to take preventive measures and stock up in advance. necessary knowledge about how to treat an apple tree for the most

Diseases of fruit trees and their photos

Do not allow the codling moth, sawfly, goose to spread in the garden. These pests contribute to the development of moniliosis. Carry out preventive spring spraying with a 0.3% solution of a suspension of copper oxychloride or 1% Bordeaux mixture. The first spray - during the period of bud maturation, the second - immediately after flowering and the third - 2 weeks after the growing season.

​Also use a colloidal sulfur solution for spray control. It is recommended to use it at least 3 times. The first - when the buds begin to move forward. The second - after the flowering phase and the third - 2 weeks after the second spraying.

fruit tree diseases

Trees that decorate yards or grow in gardens can often be damaged and become ill. There are infectious and non-infectious tree diseases.

These slippery, slug-like insects gnaw through the tissues of the upper surface of the leaf, producing irregularly shaped "windows". Spray with a contact insecticide if the attack is severe.​

There are many caterpillars that feed on leaves of apple, pear, plum, etc. The most important group- moth caterpillars, which can weave young leaves together. New foliage is devoured in spring, and then later they feed on petals and flower stalks. All of them grow up to about 3 cm, but have a different color. The fluffy moth is green with pale green stripes, the winter moth is green with yellow, and the moth is brown and yellow. Trees can be protected by surrounding each trunk with an oiled belt; alternatively you can spray with thiacloprid before or after flowering when caterpillars are seen.​

Aphid

powdery mildew

With olive-brown spots that suddenly appear on the fruits, leaves, flowers and young shoots of apple trees, many gardeners had to deal with.

common diseases

Thanks to preventive measures, it is possible to successfully fight this disease. Use agricultural techniques in the fight. First, remove (cut) the affected branches. It is better to carry out the procedure at the end of autumn or with the onset of winter. The cutting site should pass 20 cm below the necrosis. Be sure to disinfect the tool that you will use, do not forget to do this with saw cut places. Sawn diseased branches should be burned without fail. To increase the overall immunity of the plant, carry out repeated spraying with Bordeaux liquid. It is advisable to do this at the very beginning of the vegetative process. These activities will help increase resistance to all kinds of fungal diseases.

To combat rot use the drug "Hom". The drug is diluted in cold water according to the instructions and carry out two sprayings: during the appearance of new foliage and after flowering.

Pests of fruit trees and their photos

Know that the fight against powdery mildew is quite protracted - the fungus is very insidious and often relapses.

Diseases of fruit trees photo

Non-infectious include acquired injuries from external environment. These can be defects that the plant received from exposure to natural phenomena, an animal or a person.

RED SPIDER MITE

APPLE MOTH

Diseases of stone fruit crops

Common signs of aphid infestation are curling of young foliage, weakened shoot growth, and sticky honeydew that coats young stems and leaves. Spray aphid colonies with thiacloprid, repeat if necessary.​

Caused by a fungus that overwinters in the buds of affected shoots and develops successfully in early summer in dry, hot weather. Powdery mildew is dangerous because it leads to the drying of inflorescences and leaves, to a halt in the growth of shoots, to shedding of ovaries.

scab

: fungi, lichens, rot.

The disease affects leaves and twigs. The causative agent is a basidiomycete. An infected tree, if no action is taken, will slowly die.

Remember that the deposit effective fight with this ailment - not periodic, but regular spraying and permanent care behind the garden.

Fruit trees disease treatment

Damage includes existing bark defects, broken branches, chips, cracks. This may come from strong wind or rain, scorching sun, as well as from the neighboring unsuccessfully fallen tree. If one of the damages is found, it is necessary to help the tree. To do this, you should know the diseases of trees and their treatment, which should be carried out in a timely manner. Otherwise, the tree is threatened with rot or cancer. To prevent this from happening, the wound should be treated. The dead bark is removed, dry branches are removed. Such simple actions will help protect the tree from future troubles.

fruit pests

The first sign of an attack on apple and plum trees is a slight spotting of the upper surface of the leaf. In hot, dry weather, the leaves become bronze, brittle and dry. Spray with pyrethrins at the end of May and 3 weeks later.​

The telltale sign of an attack is sawdust-like excrement. The apple tree is the main host, but pears and plums can also be attacked. Larvae can be found in fruits in July and August. Spray with pyrethrins mid-June and repeat 3 weeks later.​

APPLE CANCER

Video about powdery mildew apple disease

- an unpleasant and rather dangerous disease of apple trees caused by a fungus that can winter in fallen affected leaves from year to year, throwing spores into the air of spores in damp spring weather. The mass spread of the disease is usually carried out in the first half of summer, after heavy rains.

Weakened trees with cracked bark, frozen wood, poorly ventilated due to a thickened crown, are quite often covered with lichen. By appearance

The main symptom is that the affected area becomes milky, silvery in color with a characteristic mother-of-pearl luster. Branches sick with a milky sheen cease to bear fruit. The fruits develop poorly, crumble, and the branches dry up and die after a few seasons. This disease manifests itself at the height of summer, in mid-July. It starts with the defeat of several branches, but quickly spreads along the trunk and leads to the non-viability of the skeletal branches, and sometimes can lead to the death of the entire apple tree.

This fungus mainly affects apple and pear trees. The disease is spread by spores with the help of water droplets. Ideal Conditions for distribution - a rainy long spring.

fruit tree bark disease

A tree can also get sick from the fact that it was transplanted late, in order to properly plant it is worth consulting with a specialist.

Diseases of fruit trees and plants: video and description

PEAR FRUIT SHEETS

Diseases of fruit crops can include fire blight and infection with fungal spores. In the following, we present common stone fruit diseases, but they can also affect other types of fruit trees.​

The bark shrinks and cracks in concentric rings. The control sign is the appearance of a red growth in winter. Cut off damaged branches, cut out cankers on the trunk and branches, and treat the wound with garden putty. Spraying with copper preparations during leaf fall helps prevent cancer.

Ways to deal with powdery mildew:

First, the fungus on the apple tree appears as translucent, as if from oil, spots on the leaves. Gradually, the spots turn gray, a brown green coating appears on them. The leaves dry up and begin to fall off. Dark gray and black spots appear on the apples, the fruits crack, stop pouring, and with an early fungus attack, the apples are deformed, becoming one-sided. Young ovaries can completely crumble.

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What are the diseases of trees and how to treat them

lichen on an apple tree

Treatment of fruit trees from non-communicable diseases

The main reasons contributing to the appearance and development of the disease are a lack of minerals in leaves and new shoots, improper watering, freezing of the bark.

The main symptom of the lesion is the appearance of dark ulcers on the branches and trunk. Ulcers progress over time, become deeper and affect everyone large area bark. The bark, and then the affected branches, begin to die and fall off. If prompt assistance is not provided, a sick specimen, as a rule, does not survive.

pests and diseases of fruit trees

Treatment of fruit trees from infectious diseases

A wound disinfectant should be used to treat the wound, not oil paint or garden var, as is common among amateur gardeners. It is worth considering that these funds do not save from fungal infection. Only by disinfecting the wound in time, you can help protect the tree from the ubiquitous fungus.

Affected ovaries begin to turn black a few weeks after flowering and usually fall off the tree. They have a large cavity containing numerous 3 mm pale larvae. Gather and burn the black fruit.​

Is it necessary to whitewash the trunks

BACTERIAL BURN

APPLE SAW

Starting in early spring, and during the entire growing season, shoots affected by the fungus should be cut;

May be scale in the form of plaque, lamellar, scaly, bushy, silvery, green-yellow, blue-green. It consists of algae and fungi, coexisting peacefully with each other. Lichen grows especially well with sufficient sunlight and humidity - the conditions are just right on tree trunks.​

doctor-forest.ru

Diseases of the bark of fruit trees, moss

It is not necessary to plant seedlings on wet land plots located in the lowlands.
Make sure that there are no mechanical damage to the bark. After pruning, treat wounds with clean drying oil or garden pitch.
The fight against diseases of apple trees, including scab, first of all begins with preventive measures in the fall - harvesting foliage, dried fruits and branches.
Diseases of fruit trees and shrubs
K infectious diseases trees include cancer and rot. Wounds with such diseases are much more difficult to treat. What does it have to do with a certain frequency and repeatedly.
​PLUM SAWER​
Affected shoots of pear and apple trees wither and dry out. Liquid oozes slowly from old ulcers in the spring. Cut the affected branches 60 cm below the non-fallen ones. brown leaves. If the trunk is infected, uproot and burn.
Ribbon-like scars form on the surface of the fetus. Affected fruits fall off. The larvae go to the ground. Sticky excrement can be seen around the hole. Spray with thiacloprid during petal fall to prevent attack; burn any damaged apples. Bark pests of fruit trees