Decorative structural plaster for interior work. Do-it-yourself structural plaster in the interior

Recently, the walls of apartments or offices have become more often decorated with decorative plaster. It is convenient for finishing, some types of plaster can even be repainted often without changing the pattern of the walls. There are several types of it, one of them is decorative structural plaster.

First of all, you need to understand what kind of decorative plaster used for interior decoration walls:

• textured;
• Venetian;
• structural.

Textured and structural plaster is characterized by roughness and unevenness, while Venetian plaster is smooth and has a glossy surface.

Textured plaster has three types:

• fur coat;
• lamb;
• bark beetle

Such plaster will perfectly help to hide the unevenness of the walls, they do not need to be leveled in advance. Often it is used when decorating loggias and balconies..

The Venetian look is made on the basis of lime and marble chips. The surface, depending on the application method, will be either glossy or matte. Often fireplaces are decorated with such plaster so that they look “under the stone”. However, it has a significant drawback - high cost.

Structural plaster is inexpensive and original material , which has excellent performance properties, it is distinguished by a wide texture and tint range and an attractive appearance.

Features and Benefits

Structural plaster is a heterogeneous mixture based on different components (binders and others). Among them:

• granules;
• flour;
• sand;
• synthetic and natural fibres.

With it, you can create decorative coating walls on balconies, kitchens, bathrooms or toilets, as well as living quarters.

The texture of the surface is directly related to the fractionation of the filler. So, sandstone or stone can be imitated by means of grain of the necessary sizes.

Structural plaster tends to adhere well to different types of surfaces:

• brick;
• metal;
• chipboard boards;
• concrete;
• cement;
• tree;
• drywall.

Cladding has many advantages over other types of coatings. So, structural plaster has the following advantages:

Structural decorative plaster is good because its different fillers form one or another texture.

The composition of the material contains small fractions of such elements:

Depending on the size of the fraction, the material consumption also differs. It can be 1-3 kilograms per square meter.

The texture of the wall has one form or another, depending on the filler and the method of applying the plaster. It may look like this:

• stones of valuable breeds;
• stone surface;
• sand wall;
• cracked skin;
• fish scales;
• under antiquity and not only.

The cost and purpose depends on the type of structural mixture for walls. Each species has its own unique properties. Among them:

• Mineral plaster - has the form of a white dry substance based on cement and lime. This option is the cheapest. Right before application, it should be diluted in water in the specified proportion according to the instructions for the material. Then it is stirred with a special construction mixer or a drill with a whisk attachment. Such plaster is fireproof, environmentally friendly, but not elastic. Cracks may appear over time;
• Synthetic - based on acrylic resin, it is elastic, durable and environmentally friendly. It is already on sale in ready-made;
• Silicone - the main ones are polymer compounds. Differs in high operational characteristics (water resistance, vapor permeability, wear resistance, durability and not only). Such a composition on sale may be ready for use and cost more than others. However, the high cost is fully justified by the remarkable external effect and durability of the application.

One or another variety in the store should be chosen depending on your plans for repairs and financial expectations.

If you do not want to spend money on the finished product, then you can make structural plaster for internal works with your own hands.

To prepare a composition with a pronounced structure, prepare the following materials:

• 6 kilograms of dry putty;
• 2 liters of water;
• 0.2 kg of plasticizer glue;
• fillers (optional - pebbles different forms and sizes broken glass, foil, sand, pieces of tree bark, beads, etc.).

To prepare the material with your own hands, you need to take a large plastic container and mix dry putty with water in it using a construction mixer. Then add glue and filler there and mix everything well.

If you have no experience with decorative plaster, it is better to test the prepared composition on one wall in a small room, for example, a small pantry or corridor. If the coating does not look good the first time, then clean the wall and apply a new layer..

Finishing work

Regardless of whether you use a factory-made composition for finishing or prepared it yourself, you need to be able to apply it correctly.

Prepare everything ahead of time necessary tools for work:

• building level;
• plumb;
• rule;
• Master OK;
• scoop;
• wide and narrow spatulas;
• construction hammer;
• acrylic dyes or pigments;
• hard brushes with bristles of different lengths;
• patterned and textured roller;
• rubber and foam sponge;
• spray gun or texture gun (if it will be processed big square walls).

Work starts with preparatory work. They won't take long. You need to do the following:

• Remove the old wall covering, especially strong fragments are beaten off with a hammer;
• File or putty to remove the most visible effects, such as cracks, bumps or bulges;
• Clean the surface thoroughly with a damp cloth, use detergents from dust and dirt. Grease spots removed with degreasing compounds or acetone;
• Apply primer to the wall.

Do not try to make the surface perfectly flat. This does not make sense, since minor flaws will be removed due to the decorative plaster layer.

Action algorithm

Before starting work, a pigment or paint is introduced into the mixture and stirred well. If necessary, the composition is used in white. Remember that silicone painted plaster will make the finish faster and more efficient.

The stages of work are:

After the structural mixture has been applied, it must be allowed to dry. The average drying time is about two weeks and depends on the level of humidity in the room, weather conditions, temperature and layer thickness.

It remains to do the final finishing. To do this, carefully remove dust from the surface of the walls with soft tissue and process it sandpaper. Clean again and apply paint if you have previously applied a white mixture. And in order not to disturb the texture when painting, use a rubber sponge soaked in paint. After the walls have dried, saturate the walls with wax in one layer.

Wall decoration with structural plaster is an excellent design solution that will be appreciated by creative individuals and those who do not like everyday life and strive to experiment in everything.

Our new article on structural plaster: what it is and how to apply structural plaster with your own hands. Photo and video. Overview and characteristics of popular brands of plaster.

Facing surfaces with structural plaster has many undeniable advantages compared to other finishing materials and methods of their application. Such plaster is applied to almost all types of surfaces (brick, concrete, wood, drywall, etc.). Earlier we wrote about applying decorative plaster on our own.

The lined surface is resistant to various types of mechanical damage (bumps, cracks, scratches, etc.). In addition, these types of plasters withstand significant temperature fluctuations from -50°C to +75 0C, which significantly expands the scope of their application.

Structural plasters are characterized high rate plasticity, so it is easy to reproduce any texture, even the most complex, on the surface of walls and ceilings. When conducting cosmetic repairs surfaces can be freely repainted in a different color and shade.

Caring for such walls is quite simple, since they are moisture resistant, then wet cleaning using special means household chemicals quite enough. From describing the advantages and benefits of structural plaster, you can proceed to the stages of its application to the surface.

How to apply structural plaster

At the beginning of the process, all contaminants are removed from the surfaces, then significant irregularities, potholes, and cracks are eliminated. It is not worth persisting in order to make its plane perfectly flat, since structural plaster masks small defects and flaws.

Therefore, the preparation of walls for applying textured plaster is easy to do on your own.

After the treated surface is visually even, it is carefully primed, the composition of the soil is applied to increase the adhesion strength of the cladding and the base. deep penetration. For wood it is necessary to apply a special mineral primer.

For greater reliability, when the primer is completely dry, you can apply another coat of primer paint. In addition, the applied paint will further strengthen the joints of the joints of sheet bases, for example, drywall, chipboard, OSB and others.

When the preparation of surfaces for finishing is fully completed, the plaster mixture is prepared. To do this, you should read the information provided by the manufacturer on the packaging (bag, container).

The indicated proportions of the dry mixture and water are thoroughly mixed with a construction mixer, you can also use a drill with a special nozzle. After that, the mixture is left for a while (10 minutes) for full maturation, and then mixed again.

If such a lining is not provided for on the ceiling, then the application of the structural coating must begin from the top of the wall. When applied to external corners, the plaster is first applied on both sides of the corner and then finished off with an angled trowel.

The first layer of plaster mixture is applied by spraying. It is leveled, corners and cornices are made out. When the first layer has set, you can apply and level the next layer.

When the next layer of coating is slightly seized, using rollers with various reliefs, the plaster is given any texture. Also, its surface can not only be rolled, but also smoothed with a notched trowel, apply circular and geometric patterns using brushes and sponges.

In addition, the desired surface texture can be obtained by purchasing plaster with certain filler fractions. So, in the popular “bark beetle” plaster, the application technology implies the presence of a grain of 2 mm, and for the effect of tree bark, a material with a filler of 3 mm is required. Thus, the room can be decorated in a special, individual and unique style.

When a pattern is applied to the plastered surfaces, it is necessary to allow time for drying (6-8) hours, and for the final hardening it will take 2 days. After that, the combs are sanded, and the dust is removed with a slightly moistened sponge.

Concerning colors, it must be taken into account that textured plasters most often sold white color. To give the coating the desired color, the desired dye can be purchased and added to the mixture. It is desirable that the mixture and dye are from the same manufacturer.

In order to avoid disappointment with the chosen color, it is recommended to try the cladding paint on a separate sheet or a small area.

Surfaces can also be painted after the plaster layer has hardened. To create color transitions, the dye is often rubbed onto the surface with a rubber sponge. When plastered and painted surfaces are completely dry, they should be waxed.

Overview and characteristics of popular structural plasters

ALPINA EXPERT structural plaster R20, bark beetle effect

Structural plaster brand Alpina EXPERT is turnkey solution for drawing, differs quite simple application. As a result, you get a matte water-repellent structural coating for external surfaces (walls).

Alpina EXPERT is diluted with water and the resulting material is very easy and economical to use. Structural plaster of this brand is ideal for application on concrete surfaces, on putty surfaces and also on mineral plaster. In addition, Alpina EXPERT is suitable for application to façade thermal insulation systems.

RD10 has been specially developed for application on porous surfaces, aerated concrete walls, etc. The advantage of this brand of structural plaster lies in the possibility of its use as a primer coating, when preparing the surface for applying synthetic plaster, and in addition, for priming mineral substrates.

Before applying the plaster, the surface must be cleaned, leveled and dried, and then primed.

How to apply structural plaster with your own hands VIDEO

Plastering walls with structural plaster - practical and quite budget way wall surface finishes indoor areas. Agree, smooth walls are banal and boring ... It's time to give them a little eccentricity!

Structural plaster in its appearance is a heterogeneous granular mass with the addition of various granules, small stones, mica, wood fibers, quartz, etc.

To bind the components together, a cement-lime mixture, potassium silicate or synthetic latex, potassium silicate or a cement-lime mixture are added to it - these additives are made on the basis of a solvent or on water based.

Structural plaster is sold in metal cans or small buckets ready for use.

Structural plaster for interior work, photo

Benefits of using

Structural plaster of any surface will add volume and relief, hide uneven walls, small chips and cracks.

Even if for the first time you take up plastering wall surfaces and decide to do all the work yourself, with your own hands, do not worry: there will be no obvious flaws and flaws.

You can apply a mixture of structural plaster on any surface: wooden, concrete, plasterboard and even metal, cover it with chipboard and OSB boards.

In addition, this finish is distinguished by:

• high mechanical strength(she is not afraid of light blows and scratches;
• lack of response to temperature fluctuations within the range from -45°С to +70°С;
• water resistance, which is why it is ideal for finishing the relaxation area in the bath and surfaces in the bathroom;
• durability(service life - at least 10 years);
• practicality, because disinfection with treatment with solutions containing chlorine is allowed;
• affordable price.

Which one to choose: mineral or acrylic?

The main characteristics of structural mixtures for plastering depend on the type of binder on the basis of which the material was made.

Mineral

Mineral mixtures made from lime and Portland cement. They are sold in the form of a dry mix, packaging - paper containers. Prepared by adding water. This material is characterized by good vapor permeability and high environmental properties, the warranty period is 10 years.

We note a few more advantages of mineral compositions:

• fire safety;
• low price range;
• high resistance to fungal infections and mold.

There are also disadvantages - we highlight the following:

• requires careful dilution of the mixture and its thorough mixing;
• final coloring is a must;
• sensitivity to mechanical stress and vibrations, as a result, the appearance of microcracks is not excluded.

Mineral structural plaster will last about 10 years.

Structural plaster, photo

Acrylic

Consider now acrylic mixtures: they contain acrylic resin as the main component. This is a water-dispersion mass, ready to use. Acrylic mixture is packed in plastic containers with different capacities.

The advantages of acrylic mixtures are as follows:

• resistant to deformation and mechanical stress;
• elastic;
• do not emit harmful volatile fumes;
• do not require surface priming.

Warranty service life of structural plaster for acrylic base– at least 15 years.

Disadvantages? They are:

• accumulates static electricity and attracts dust;
• affected ultraviolet rays.

Structural plaster in the interior, photo

Silicone

Silicone mixtures are made on the basis of silicone polymer compounds. The basis of silicate plaster is a water-based solution of sodium and potassium silicates. Produced in a ready-to-use form.

Among the advantages it is worth highlighting:

• hydrophobicity;
• high tensile strength;
• excellent vapor permeability;
• high wear-resistant and dirt-repellent properties;
• resistance to ultraviolet influence.

Silicone plaster is not a cheap option, moreover, it has a specific smell, which disappears after the plaster layer dries.

Silicone structural plaster is durable and can last 25 years or more.
Before applying the plaster layer with a silicone composition, a preliminary primer of the wall surface is required.

Important! It is necessary to apply silicate structural plaster very quickly due to the drying of the mixture, so as not to encounter a color difference on the wall later.

Fillers and colors

Volumetric and unusual three-dimensionality when applying structural plaster is obtained due to the modeling fillers present in the composition.

As modulators are used:

• marble and quartz chips (often given a spherical shape);
• pebbles and fine calibrated gravel;
• mica flakes so that the treated surface acquires a noble sheen due to these inclusions;
• polymer granules (one color or multi-colored);
• silk, wood, viscose fibers.

Depending on the dimensions of the listed modeling elements, a fine-grained or coarse-grained surface can be obtained.

High and general decorative indicators of structural plaster: you can get surfaces with imitation of colorful mosaics, natural stone, reptile skin or cork tree. The most popular plaster mixtures, depending on the effect obtained, are “bark beetle”, “fur coat”, “pebbles”, “lamb”.

You can tint structural plaster in the following ways:

• give specific color plaster on their own, adding pigment to the mass. Be careful about the dosage of pimento so as not to overdo it. Stir the composition after adding each portion of the coloring pigment;
• when buying in a store, you can ask to tint the plaster in the desired color. This option is simpler, and the guarantee of the desired result is higher.

Remember! If you plan to paint such a surface in one color in the future, structural plaster will lose its texture! Plan the color in advance, because any color can be added to the composition.

See the gallery below for options and examples of the relief of applied structural plaster:

Structural plasters appeared on the sales market quite a long time ago. It is quite practical and the price is not high, it just needs to be applied correctly. After all, this coverage is perhaps the most important thing.

How decorative structural plaster is applied, we will consider today. Also in the video in this article you can see everything clearly.

Structural decorative plaster is divided into three main types:

• Smooth surface having various color shades.
• Plaster with a specific texture obtained using ready-made stencils.
• , as a result of the use of arbitrary drawing techniques.

Features and benefits of the material

The basis of structural plaster is made up of polymeric or mineral binders, in combination with various fillers in the form of sand, granules, crumbs, synthetic and natural fibers, etc.

Structural facade plaster is different in relief, for example, 0.3 mm in size, they create an imitation of sandstone, with the help of grains, 1.5 mm in size, you can get the look of raw stone. The widely known has a filler with a grain size of 2 mm, and in order to achieve the effect of a real tree bark, you need decorative plaster with grains about 3 mm in size.

Structural plaster application technology can have both a smooth and rough surface. If a smooth, structured surface is planned, then the base should be carefully prepared, since this type of plaster will not be able to hide surface defects.

If we compare ordinary plaster with structural, then the latter has a number of advantages:

1. It can be applied to all types of surfaces: concrete, brick, wood (see), stone, drywall and metal.
2. It is able to hide all surface defects.
3. Possesses the increased firmness against mechanical damages.
4. It is characterized by excellent water-repellent properties. It can be washed using any detergent chemicals.
5. It can be operated at temperatures from -50°С to -75°С which expands its scope of application.
6. Specifications indicate its high plasticity, which allows you to create a surface of any texture.
7. She is able to "breathe", and this makes it possible to create the desired microclimate inside housing and office buildings.
8. Surfaces coated with structural plaster are characterized by a long service life.
9. During operation, it can be repainted in any color you like.
10. The composition of structural plaster allows you to make, in principle, any ornament on the plane.

Material application

Structural decorative plaster is perfectly applied with your own hands. Only everything must be done in order and according to technology. To determine the pattern of the structural surface, you should contact the designer, who has the entire range of such surfaces that are stored in the photo, or pick it up yourself. Then you save money on it.

After viewing such photos, you can decide which drawing is more suitable or more like.

Attention: When choosing structural surfaces, it should be taken into account that they are capable of collecting and retaining dust or excess moisture. Therefore, it is very important that they are not used in the kitchen or bathroom.

Preparatory work

Decorative structural plaster is applied to a properly prepared surface.

It is desirable that the plane be flat and strong:

• If the surface is not even and not strong, then everything must be done to make it so. As a rule, such surfaces are possible with the use of a mesh - chain-link.

Attention: If you already have a coating and at first glance it holds well, you should take the ground one and tap it. Anything that does not hold must be removed. And if there are cracks, then we simply gouge them with a chisel.

• After this, the plaster must be given time to dry completely, only after that further work can be continued.
• The next mandatory step is priming the surface with a deep-penetrating primer. As a rule, structural plasters are able to hide small irregularities, so very careful preparation is not required.

To carry out such work, you will need the following tools:

• Trowel, plasterer.
• Spatula in several sizes.
• Plaster grater.
• Angle spatula.
• Construction level, plumb line, rule.

Application process

Applying structural plaster video will show you the procedure for applying the material, everything is done as follows:

• First you need to apply the plaster on the surface, and distribute it evenly over the entire plane, using a trowel for this. At the same time, one should not adhere to the ideal uniformity of the layer. The thickness of the layer depends on the pattern, as well as on the size of the filler grains, plus a millimeter and a half of the required margin.
• To understand the meaning of applying this type of plaster, especially for those who decide to master this technology on their own, you need to practice on a small piece of drywall. As a rule, development occurs very quickly, since there is nothing complicated in that technology.
• Ready mixtures have the ability to slowly solidify, which gives the master time to correct the pattern. If you use home-made solutions, it is better to determine the surface texture in advance and apply plaster in small areas.

Adding texture

In order to get this or that drawing, various tools can be used, such as:

Roller	To do this, you can use a regular hair roller. As a result of passing the roller, on the newly applied plaster, you can get a kind of pattern. It is also possible to use rollers with ready-made patterns (see). Such rollers are carried out on the plaster either from the bottom up, or from left to right, as a result of which a finished drawing will appear on the wall. Ways to use rollers can be very diverse. So it also depends on your imagination.
Finished stamps	This is a tool on the working surface of which there is a finished drawing, according to appearance resembling a large stamp. When applied, and then when pressed on the surface of the plaster, a certain pattern appears. The inconvenience of working with a stamp is that it must be constantly cleaned of plaster, which remains in the recesses of the pattern. These stamps can be fitted with a rubber variant of the same pattern to access areas where a large stamp would not fit.
Spatula, trowel, brush	Many craftsmen using these simple tools, are able to turn the surface of the wall into a work of art. With the help of such a tool it is very easy to turn the surface into the texture of a wild stone. This effect is achieved with the help of arbitrary movements of the spatula. The use of arbitrary movements allows you to get a non-standard surface texture, sometimes unique, which pleases the master and the customer.

Final stage and decoration

After completing the stage of forming the texture of the plastered surface, the process of designing and protecting the textured surface should begin. As a rule, one layer is not enough.

• If desired, you can highlight the relief of the picture with the help of paints. To do this, the first layer of paint is applied with a roller having a long pile. To apply the next layer, a short pile roller is used. In this case, a lighter paint is selected for the second layer.
• If painting is not planned or another type of plaster is used, then you can protect such a surface with several layers of colorless varnish.

You can also apply various compositions in the work:

• To create unique patterns, it is possible to use various fillers that are introduced into the main composition of the plaster. As an example, you can take bark beetle plaster, which includes polymer granules or natural stone chips.
• The technology of its application lies in the fact that such plaster is applied to the entire surface of the wall, leveled with a uniform layer and allowed to grab a little.
• After that, they pick up a grater and carry it over the surface of the plaster, using various movements for this. At the same time, the granules that are part of the plaster are pulled by the grater, leaving behind specific grooves.
• Depending on the direction of movement, they can be placed vertically, horizontally or in various directions, making the pattern unique.

At the same time, the use of structural plasters is not limited to these technologies described above. There are a lot of interesting techniques that allow you to get truly unique drawings.

• Take, for example, the use of multi-colored balls in structural plasters. These granules are made of such a material that when pressed on them, they are crushed, leaving behind multi-colored traces. At the same time, the technique of applying such plaster is no different, for example, from the technique of applying "bark beetle".
• If you use more liquid solutions, you can get a surface with a smudge effect. To obtain patterns that have a pronounced structure with deep grooves, thicker solutions should be used. At the same time, you should always remember that the deeper the grooves, the more dust will collect in them.
• As a rule, ready-made plaster mixes are sold in pure white, which makes it possible to use plasters using various technologies: they can be painted in any color after application or dyes can be added directly to prepared plaster solutions. To get the right shade, it is better to turn to specialized stores, where they can accurately select required shade taking into account the drying of the paint.
• If at this stage it is very difficult to choose a color, then it is better to use painting. In this case, the shade is selected experimentally by adding one or another dye directly to the paint. After that, small marks are made on the plastered wall with freshly prepared paint, and after drying, the color saturation is determined and compared with the intended one. After the colors begin to match, you can start painting.

How to make structural plaster video will help you choose the right tool for applying texture. After all, decorative structural plaster is not difficult to apply, it is important to know how to apply the desired relief.

Structural plasters are made on the basis of cement, lime, potassium silicate or latex. They are viscous mixtures in which there are various fillers: crumbs different types natural stone or wood fibers. As a solvent for such substances, ordinary water or a solvent is used. Structural plaster for interior work should be water-based, as it is completely safe for health and does not require weathering.

Structural plasters are divided into types depending on the size of the filler grains:

• Fine-grained mixture - grains up to 1.5 mm.
• Medium-grained - the size ranges from 1.5 to 2 mm.
• Coarse-grained - from 2 to 3 mm.

Also, these mixtures differ in the type of filler and binder. As for the color scheme, they are all made in white, so colors are used for tinting.

Structural plasters are divided into types according to grain size

Advantages and disadvantages

Speaking of the positive aspects of this finishing material, then the following stand out:

1. Versatility. Mixtures can be applied to internal or external surfaces made of bricks, various kinds and brands of concrete, wood, drywall and so on.
2. Strength. The coating resists various mechanical influences well.
3. Ease of care. After drying and curing, the surface can be washed warm water and non-aggressive cleaning agents.
4. Temperature Range. Structural plasters withstand temperatures from -50 to +75 ⁰С.
5. Plastic. Thanks to this feature, it is easy to work with the material, and it is also possible to create relief patterns on the surface.
6. Porous structure. The presence of pores in dried surfaces provides ventilation for walls and ceilings, which significantly increases their service life.
7. No need for thorough preparation. Such mixtures perfectly mask cracks, potholes, swelling and other small defects.

The main disadvantage is the need to add color. In addition, some types of structural plasters are subject to vibration and ultraviolet rays.

Application area

Mixtures with large fraction fillers are most often used for finishing plinths and facades of buildings or individual parts of indoor surfaces as design solutions. For the main work indoors, solutions with a fine fraction filler are used.

Silicate materials are well suited for concrete or shell walls, latex materials can be applied to any surface, provided that they have not been previously treated with a dispersion or water-based primer. Mineral mixtures are suitable for walls finished with plasters containing sand. Silicone compounds are versatile, so they can be applied to all types of surfaces inside and outside the home.

Structural material is used for interior and exterior work

Which plaster to choose

The main performance indicators of this material depend on the type of binder on the basis of which it was made. Therefore, when choosing structural plaster, it is important first of all to pay attention to this point.

mineral

They are mixtures of Portland cement and lime. Supplied dry in paper bags, and diluted with plain water. This material does not emit toxic substances, and also has good ventilation. A few more benefits:

• The plaster does not burn and does not support combustion.
• It is relatively inexpensive.
• Pathogenic fungi and mold do not live on such a coating.

The main disadvantage is the difficulty in work. The material must be thoroughly mixed, so you will have to purchase an electric drill with a mixer attachment. The coating requires finishing and poorly resists mechanical damage. The service life is only 10 years.

Acrylic

As the name implies, the main component in such mixtures is acrylic resin. Supplied ready-made in plastic containers of various sizes.

Advantages:

• resistance to mechanical stress;
• no need for pre-priming;
• elasticity;
• health safety.

Acrylic decorative plaster

Disadvantages: poor resistance to ultraviolet rays and a tendency to accumulate static electricity, which causes a lot of dust to settle on the surface.

The average service life is approximately 15 years.

Silicone

Such plasters are made on the basis of polymer compounds. The most commonly used aqueous emulsion of potassium and sodium silicates. Supplied ready-made in plastic containers of various sizes.

The positives are:

• a large margin of safety;
• good ventilation;
• resistance to water and ultraviolet rays;
• long service life - up to 25 years.

The disadvantage is the high cost. In addition, such mixtures have their own specific and not very pleasant smell.

Important! You need to work with silicone plaster quickly, because it dries quickly. If you apply it to individual fragments of the wall, then after drying, their boundaries will be clearly visible.

Step-by-step instructions for applying structural plaster

To carry out this operation, you will need the following tools:

• a container for preparing the mixture;
• trowel, trowel, scraper;
• wide and narrow spatulas made of rubber and stainless steel;
• brushes, rollers, brushes, combs;
• ladder and scaffolding;
• electric drill and nozzle-mixer;
• surface cleaning tools.

Material Tools

From the materials you will need the mixture itself, water for dilution, putty for sealing cracks, masking tape, plastic wrap and a primer.

Decorative structural plaster is applied in several stages:

1. Surface preparation. The old coating and all fasteners are removed from the walls. Then check the evenness of the surfaces with a level. If necessary, the walls are leveled and all defects are sealed with putty. Then close the surfaces of the floor and furniture plastic wrap, and the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe ceiling near the walls is sealed with masking tape. At the end, the surface is treated with a primer and allowed to dry.
2. . The solution is collected on a spatula and applied to the wall, after which it is stretched over the surface with a trowel. A narrow spatula is used to form corners. Usually the mixtures dry out in a day, and it will take about 7 days to gain strength.
3. Final stage. At the end, you need to wax the wall, if we are talking about internal surfaces, or varnish for facades and plinth.

Stages of wall preparation and application of decorative composition

Basic application techniques

There are several techniques with which you can create various relief patterns:

• spray. For this method you will need a broom and a stick. The broom is moistened in the solution, after which it is brought closer to the wall. A broom is hit with a stick, as a result of which the solution falls on the treated surface in small drops (see photo). The procedure is repeated 2 times with an interval of 8-10 hours.

Structural plaster application technique - spray

• First of all, according to the usual method, a starting one is applied and left for a day to dry. After that, a second layer is applied with a spatula and stretched. Until he had time to grab, arbitrary lines are drawn with a trowel, forming a future pattern.

Using a trowel to create a relief pattern

• Using a brush. It is necessary to repeat all the procedures that are listed in the previous method, only the pattern is applied not with a trowel, but with a brush with stiff bristles. After drying, the surface is treated with a soft brush.

Creating a relief pattern with a stiff brush

• Roller stamping. To do this, you can use conventional paint, structural, rubber and foam rollers. The tool is used to process fresh plaster, and leave it to dry. To imitate grass stalks, it is necessary to wrap a regular roller with a thread and pass it over the surface.

Structural bead for painting on plaster

Preparation of structural plaster

Do-it-yourself structural plaster is prepared from the following ingredients:

• 6 kg of dry putty;
• 200 g of glue;
• filler in the form of stone chips or flour, wood fiber (it is not necessary to add them, you can be content with those that are in dry putty).
• 2 liters of water.

The first step is to mix the putty with water, then add glue to the mixture and mix thoroughly. At the end, fillers are added, depending on their fraction, different patterns are obtained, for example, 0.3 mm grains are needed to simulate sandstone, and 3 mm to create the effect of tree bark.

What the market offers

On the this moment The most popular plasters on the market are the following:

1. "Stone". The material is produced in Russia. With it, you can create a surface that resembles a natural stone, limestone and so on. Can be applied to concrete, drywall, wood and starting plaster. The coating dries in a day, and the full set of strength occurs in 10-14 days, depending on the humidity of the air.

   

2. "Bark beetle" ("Ceresit" ST 64). Used as a filler marble chips. After drying, furrows form on the surface, imitating the results of the activity of the bark beetle. The material can be used on external and internal surfaces. Drying takes 24 hours, and curing takes 5-7 days.

   "Bark beetle" ("Ceresit" ST 64)

3. "Wet Silk" (VGT). This plaster, after drying, imitates the texture of the fabric. It is used only on internal surfaces made of concrete or drywall. Requires adding color. Resists water well.

   "Wet Silk" (VGT)

4. "Travertine" ("Derufa".). After drying given material becomes like limestone. Made from acrylic resin. The main advantage is a large margin of safety. Dries in 9 hours, hardens in 3 days.

   "Travertine" ("Derufa")

5. Encausto Fiorentino. This is a representative of the so-called Venetian plasters. After drying, it imitates the color and texture of marble. Can be used on all types of interior and exterior surfaces. It dries pretty quickly - in about 2-3 hours, and after a day you can touch it.

   "Encausto Fiorentino"

6. "Decor" ("AliMix"). It is made on a cement base and is supplied as a dry powder in paper bags. Can be used for interior and exterior finish. Seizes in 2-3 hours, dries in a day.

   "Decor" ("AliMix")

7. "Alpina Strukturpulz K15 Lamb" ("Alpina"). Scope - external and internal surfaces from concrete and brick. Can be applied to old paint.

   "Alpina Strukturpulz K15 Lamb" ("Alpina")

Plastering with structural solutions is a simple procedure that you can do yourself, saving on the services of specialists. The main thing is to follow the above instructions and the manufacturer's advice.