Brick ordinary corpulent sizes. What is the size of a red brick - consider the standards

According to GOST, spoons, poke, bed are the names of the planes that form the sides of the brick. The construction material has a long history. It was used in their work by ancient masons. Years passed, improved production technologies, new types of bricks appeared, but their traditional sizes remained practically unchanged.

Aspect Ratio this material- 1:1/2:1/4. Its proportional dimensions make it possible to provide the necessary strength of the masonry, and is also important. The dimensions of the bricks tied to the standards make it easy to calculate their number for the construction of a particular structure.

Brick dimensions according to GOST - height, length and width

Modern construction does not stand still. With the growth of requirements for the construction of houses, the range of brick sizes has also expanded:

• Single- 250x120x65 mm (fixed by GOST 530-2007). According to the European marking, they have the designation RF.
• Double- 250x120x138 mm.
• One and a half- 250x120x88 mm.
• Modular- 280x130x80 mm.
• Euro bricks h - 250x85x65 mm.

The most popular bricks in Europe are NF (normal) - 240x115x71 and DF (thin) - 240x115x52, less common sizes - 250x85x65 mm and 200x100x50 (65). Today you can buy material up to 500 mm long. Every year the choice of standard sizes grows.

By shape, bricks are divided into:

• corpulent,
• hollow (slit)

However, in addition to the basic dimensions, such as height, length and width, permits for deviations from the norm (defects) are also used. Their size depends on the type of building material - building or facing. More stringent requirements are imposed on the latter, since the aesthetics of the building depend on its characteristics.

For construction solid brick allowed:

• The presence of dullness and chips of ribs and corners no more than 2 and no more than 1.5 cm in size along the length of the rib;
• Curvature of faces and edges up to 0.3 cm;
• On the side longitudinal (spoon) faces, a crack up to 3 cm long along the width of the brick is allowed.

For the building hollow option, it is allowed:

• No more than 2 bruises at the corners or ribs 1-1.5 cm long, provided that they do not reach the voids;
• Full thickness cracks on the bed. In width, they can reach the first row of voids;
• One crack each on bonder and spoon (transverse side) faces.

For facing bricks it is not allowed:

• Chipped corners, the depth of which exceeds 1.5 cm;
• The presence of cracks;
• Broken ribs, the width of which is more than 0.3 cm, and the length exceeds 1.5 cm.

At the same time, it is considered suitable for work facing material, having:

• No more than 1 broken corners up to 1.5 cm deep;
• Department of handwriting, which in total does not exceed the length of 4 cm;
• No more than 1 broken ribs, in depth - not exceeding 3 cm, and in length - not more than 1.5 cm.

Architectural design often involves the use of different textures and colors. Modern Choice building materials is almost limitless. If desired, artificially aged, colorful and textural options can be combined in masonry without compromising the durability of the house.

One and a half and double bricks are produced mainly hollow. This reduces the weight of the structure.

Most popular in modern construction porous large-sized blocks are used. Ceramic brick is lighter and warmer than usual building option. Its use allows you to simplify and speed up construction, while reducing the consumption of masonry composition.

For laying 1 m 3, 512 single-type bricks will be required, and one-and-a-half bricks are 26% more - 378 pieces.

Red, silicate and facing bricks - dimensions and purpose

According to the type of material are divided into:

• Red (ceramic).

This type of building materials is obtained by firing briquettes from pressed clay. This is a versatile material. It is widely used in the construction of foundations, wall structures, partitions, fences, laying furnaces. Solid red brick comes in the following grades - 300, 250, 200, 150, 120, 100, 75. The grade indicates how much pressure the brick can withstand (kg / cm 2). The weight of 1 cubic meter of this material is 1700 kg (480 pieces).

• White (silicate).

It is produced on a silicate basis. Compared to red brick, it is a softer and lighter material with lower strength than its red counterpart. In addition, the silicate version is inferior to the red one in versatility. It can only be used in the construction of walls and partitions. It is not recommended to use white brick as a material for the foundation and plinth, for laying fireplaces and stoves.

By appointment:

• Private.

A brick that provides the performance characteristics of the masonry.

• Clinker.

It is characterized by low water absorption and high strength, which ensures proper masonry performance even in highly aggressive environments. Clinker brick perfectly copes with the functions of a decorative material.

• Chamotte (refractory).

For domestic purposes, the refractory fireclay version is most often used, which is marked "Sh". For example, W-5 has dimensions of 230x114x65 mm, W-6 - 230x115x40 mm, W-8 - 250x124x65 mm.

• Facing.

Facing brick can be chopped, smooth, imitating wild camel. Below are the main dimensions:

• 290x140x85 mm;
• 250x85x65 mm;
• 250x120x88 mm;
• 250x80x65 mm;
• 250x60x65 mm;
• 250x120x65 mm.

In addition to rectangular bricks, they can be wedge-shaped. This type of building materials is used in the laying of vaults and semicircular arches of different curvature radii. End wedge Sh-22 has dimensions of 230x114x65/55 mm, and for example end wedge Sh-45 - 230x114xx65/45 mm.

The use of decorative (facing) bricks allows for flawless masonry external walls, as well as produce interior decoration premises. Using facing bricks for internal walls, stitching seams should be given special attention.

A stone of natural origin has served as the main construction tool during the construction of capital buildings. However, the established foundations have not survived since the advent of the building material of our time - brick. People were able to completely independently transform the required characteristics into the finished product. Every day we see applications everywhere of this type building materials in a wide variety of fields. Today there are no barriers, if you wish to purchase a standard brick standard type: you can find out the dimensions as well as the selection criteria from the materials of this article.

• Typical brick applications, brick size and classification

A standard brick can be attributed without false modesty to a very universal materials which are widely used in most construction areas. Today there are a couple of varieties and standards of bricks. Rational selection of standard bricks is the basis for a good result of the entire complex of construction works.

Standard brick - types

Depending on the main components of manufacture, and on the characteristics of the material, standard bricks are classified into 3 main groups:

• Standard red brick.
• Silicate (white) brick.
• Ceramic brick.
• Brick for facing.

Areas of frequent use of bricks:

• Removal of both load-bearing and ordinary walls;
• Construction of foundations and plinths;
• arrangement of basements;
• facade cladding;
• erection of stairs;
• removal of partitions;
• Installation of stoves, chimneys and actually fireplaces.

The greatest demand, as well as distribution, was received by the red standard brick familiar to all of us. Its characteristics in technical terms are ideal for performing various tasks in construction. Elevator shafts are erected from it in high-rise buildings, columns, building foundations. Often a standard type of brick is taken as the basis for the foundation masonry of private houses.

If we are talking about the construction of stairs, then it is quite appropriate to use products construction purposes from ceramics. Ceramics is much more resistant to moisture damage, temperature extremes and other atmospheric influences. Plus, ceramics are very malleable to mechanical transformations, which makes it possible, if necessary, to cut bricks without difficulty.

brick size

Today there are single, one and a half and 2nd bricks, as for the exact dimensional characteristics, we will describe them below in the text.

standard brick

During the formation of building crafts, a number of standards were developed according to which material of this type was produced. The size of a brick of the 1st type is: width 120 mm, length 250 mm, as for the height, it is 65 mm. It is these dimensions of the brick that are ideal for laying with alternation according to the longitudinal-transverse principle.

• How is the choice standard brick? His technical aspects and characteristics

Before purchasing a standard brick, you need to understand your ultimate goal as accurately as possible. It is she who later will assume the choice of material for construction.

The color of a brick block directly depends on the type of clay on the basis of which it is produced. At the same time, the most common type is a red-burning mass of clay. She, in the end, gives the product a final red tint. Less commonly, we can find a standard brick of white, yellowish and apricot color, for the production of which white-burning clay is used. It happens that for the desired result or shade, a specialized pigment is added to the base.

The usual one is suitable for removing wall partitions and building any construct.

• Standard typology of bricks: 250x120x56 mm.

Subsequently, this standard brick will definitely require finishing by type, plastering. Facing, in turn, has exceptionally flat and smooth surfaces, and does not require any finishing. But with all this, the cost of both the actual type and the size of the facing blocks varies dramatically.

Brick strength

Very important aspect at the time of choosing a brick - strength, to put it simply, the ability of the block not to collapse under external loads. To build a house from one floor as a whole, a holding value of 100 kg per 1 cm will be enough. If we are talking about high-rise building, then the final indicator should be at least 150. The strength of a single batch is indicated on the manufacturer's packaging.

There is also another indicator that affects the quality of the blocks - frost resistance. This indicator is measured in cycles. Defined and set for each brand of blocks. The final product is placed in an aqueous medium, and then added to the freezer. The test period is 8 hours.

Brick has long been a well-known building material, without which any construction is practically indispensable. Despite the fact that brick blocks have been used since ancient times, the brick size standard was first introduced only in 1927.

Standardization of typical sizes of brick blocks allows you to calculate the volume brickwork in accordance with the project, the need for building materials, as well as determine the weight of the structure.

The key factor in standardizing the dimensions of brick products is the following aspect ratio of 1:1 / 2:4. Such proportions are considered optimal for laying building material with alternating longitudinal and transverse arrangement.

In private construction, single products are in demand, the consumption of building materials per cubic meter masonry is 513 units of products. In accordance with state regulations in force in Russia, the size of a standard single brick in millimeters is:

• 250 length;
• 120 width;
• 65 height.

In addition to single blocks, construction market offers other types of standard sizes:

• one and a half;
• double.

One and a half building material was put into production during the period of industrialization of the country, in order to accelerate the pace of construction. The standard consumption of building materials is 318 products per cubic meter. characteristic feature one and a half block is the increased height of the product, GOST installed following sizes bricks standard (in millimeters):

• length - 250;
• width -120;
• height - 88.

A double brick with the same 250 millimeters in length and 120 millimeters in width has a height of 138 millimeters. Given the impressive dimensions, in order to reduce the weight of the product, double blocks are usually made in a hollow form. Double products are widely used in various areas of construction. Building material with increased height is used for the construction of both industrial and civil facilities.

Permissible errors

Building materials are produced in strict accordance with the production technology. Blanks of brick blocks, which are fired in kilns during the production process, are made with an increase in geometric parameters by 8%. As a result heat treatment the product is reduced and brought to standard parameters.

GOST allowed a slight deviation of the geometric dimensions finished products, namely, in length not more than 4 millimeters, in width and height not more than 3 millimeters. The standard also allows slight curvature along the spoon (not more than 4 mm) and along the bed (not more than 3 mm).

Types of brick products and their standard sizes

The dimensions of brick products depend not only on the standard size, but also on the type of building material. The main types in demand during construction residential buildings and construction of industrial buildings are:

• Red brick;
• silicate;
• facing.

Red building blocks and their features

Red brick is a universal building material used for the construction of foundations, external enclosing structures and partitions in the house, fences.

Red brick products are made on the basis of clay briquettes, which are pressed by firing. Dimensions and specifications products are regulated by GOST 530-2007 and are (in millimeters):

• standard format - 250x120x65;
• thickened format - 250x120x88;
• double format - 250x120x138.

In addition to the popular standard sizes by GOST, less popular formats are also provided:

• 0.7 NF with parameters 250x85x65 mm;
• 1.3 NF with parameters 288x138x65 mm.

Building materials of the "European format" are used for decorative finishes windows and other structural elements of the facade.

silicate brick

Silicate brick blocks - a building material made on the basis of silicate, designed for the construction of load-bearing external walls, partitions in the house. Modular dimensions white brick- 250x120x65 and 250x120x88 millimeters.

silicate building blocks produce two types:

• corpulent;
• hollow.

The void volumes of the silicate block, as well as the overall dimensions, are adjustable

state standards. Hollow silicate blocks divided based on the proportion of volume, diameter and number of non-through voids having a cylindrical shape.

The following types of hollow sesquisilicates are distinguished:

• three hollow - the proportion of voids is 15% of the volume of the product, the diameter of non-through holes is 52 mm;
• eleven hollow - the share of voids in the total volume is 25%, the diameter is from 27 to 32 mm;
• fourteen hollow - the proportion of voids varies in the range from 28 to 31%, the diameter can be from 27 to 32 mm.

Facing brick

Used for facade cladding facing brick standard size, which corresponds to the traditional counterpart.

The construction market offers several types of facing products:

• clinker;
• ceramic;
• hyperpressed;
• silicate.

Clinker building blocks are used for finishing facades, for erecting decorative pillars, decorations. window openings, using this type of material, arched windows are erected. The material is characterized by a dense smooth structure, excellent soundproofing and frost-resistant qualities, resistant to moisture, retains heat well. Clinker is colored and glazed, glossy and matte. Windows and walls of the facade, facing with clinker blocks, retain an attractive appearance for a long time.

Clinker facing

Ceramic facing products are able to withstand up to a hundred changes in natural seasons, the material is not afraid of sudden changes in temperature. Brick for a long time of operation retains its original qualities and appearance.

Ceramic cladding

Hyper-pressed material is made from a lime-cement mixture, by semi-dry hyper-pressing, followed by steam treatment. The material is used for decorative finishing of facades, windows and doors are distinguished with its help. There are several types of facing material:

• smooth;
• spoon;
• figured;
• angular.

The standard dimensions of smooth and figured hyperpressed bricks are 250x120x65 mm. Standard spoon brick has parameters 250x85x65 mm, corner and narrow spoon brick - 250x60x56 mm.

Hyper-pressed cladding

Silicate facing brick is an environmentally friendly frost-resistant material. Facial silicate brick strikes with variety color solutions, differs from its ceramic counterpart in a uniform tone of color over the entire area of ​​the product. Silicate facade material is not used for facing areas in contact with the ground.

Non-standard dimensions

However, in the segment of facing building materials, you can find products of non-standard dimensions. Products not standard size produced non-industrially, in organic series. Atypical building material is used for restoration work, the introduction of original design ideas, to emphasize the window opening. The dimensions of a non-standard single material for facade decoration can be (in millimeters):

• 210x100x50;
• 210x100x60;
• 240x115x52.

European standards

On the territory of the European Union, there are other standards that do not comply with GOST 530-2007. Yes, most running series in the countries of the European Union are the following series of building material:

• DF - geometric parameters of the product 240x115x52;
• 2DF - 240x115x113;
• WDF - 210x100x65;
• RF - 240x115x61;
• NF - 240x115x71;
• WF - 210x100x50.

As a building material, brick has firmly occupied its niche since ancient times. This is explained high rates strength properties, stability when exposed to temperature, moisture, frost.

There are many variations of bricks on the market, some of which are universal in functionality, and some are used for special purposes. The operational differences of decorative, silicate or red bricks can be successfully used for a variety of building projects.

When choosing a material for its intended purpose, take into account such an indicator as its size. The most commonly used single stone, also called standard, normal or working.

Appearance, characteristics and purpose of the material

By technical requirements in modern construction, bricks are used, the dimensions of which correspond to the following parameters (in mm):

• single - length 250 (with a tolerance of +/-5 mm), width 120 (with a tolerance of +/-4 mm), height 65 (with a tolerance of +/-3 mm);
• one and a half - length 250, width 120, height 88;
• double - length 250, width 120, height 138.

The dimensions of red brick or sand-lime brick are standard, in other words, the material from which they are made does not determine its parameters, so normal stones have standard height 65 mm.

Dimensions are determined not so much by the convenience for the worker (it is easy to hold a stone weighing approximately 3.4 kg in your hand), but by the features of the masonry.

For example, the use of a working brick is effective when alternating transverse and longitudinal stones: there are 13 rows of bricks for each meter of masonry length. The geometric dimensions make it possible to carry out the laying rationally, taking into account the need for dressing.

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Dimensions of facing bricks

The dimensions of standard single facing bricks are the same as for ordinary ones, but variations are possible. So, clinker stones with a length of 250 mm and a height of 65 mm can have a width of 120, and 90, and 60. Hyper-pressed decorative blocks are characterized by the same dimensions as clinker ones. And here are the dimensions ceramic plates non-standard: length - 188, width - 88, and height - 63 mm.

The above parameters are the European standard, allowing the designer to create an original look for buildings, which is more than relevant in the conditions of Soviet and post-Soviet typification.

According to the American standard, the width of the material is somewhat less than that of the domestic one. Instead of the usual 120, it is customary to produce blocks with a width of 78 mm. These parameters allow you to save significantly in the process of transporting the material, during its laying. In construction, when using American material, it is possible to achieve a lower load on the foundation, and during restoration, a thinner wall thickness.

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Established norms

In accordance with the standards, a number of requirements are imposed on a single brick.

Instances that do not comply with the norm are unsuitable for construction work.

Attention should be paid to the fact that the indicator of the maximum volume of voids of a hollow ordinary stone does not exceed 13%. At the same time, the norm of volumetric weight fluctuates within 1700-1900 kg / m, the norm of the coefficient of thermal conductivity does not exceed 0.7 kcal / m, and the norm of water absorption starts at 8%.

The weight of a red solid single brick averages 3.5 kg, hollow - 2.4 kg, facing - 1.45 kg.

It is clear that the mass depends on the density of the material, while the weight of the sand-lime brick is the largest by standards. Some manufacturers deviate from the standard and, guided by specifications, produce blocks weighing 5 kg.

Reliability of adhesion and a decrease in thermal conductivity is ensured by a porous structure that excludes components such as stones and lime. According to the standards, the presence of cracks in the structure is not allowed.

With standard dimensions, the working stone has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with straight and even edges, ribs, and corners. In hollow single blocks, according to standards, different types holes - oval, round. The most durable are those bricks that have square holes.

To establish deviations from the norm, material from one batch is measured, which makes it possible to identify discrepancies in size, the presence of curvature, damage to corners or ribs.

The use of stone, the dimensions of which do not meet the standards, leads to masonry defects, which later affects the performance of the building as a whole.

When ordering materials, you need to know their parameters. Even such a well-known material as brick has a large number of types and varieties. Good news that its parameters are standardized. The standard brick size and its qualitative characteristics are determined.

Types of building bricks

According to the material, the brick is ceramic (clay, red) and silicate (white). By appointment - ordinary (construction) and finishing (facade). An ordinary one is used for laying walls, it involves subsequent finishing, therefore a notch can be applied to the side faces (spoons) - in order for the plaster to hold better.

Types of bricks - ordinary and special

According to the method of molding, the brick is corpulent and hollow (hollow). Full-bodied is molded from a homogeneous composition. They are used where mechanical strength is important - foundations, load-bearing walls.

Hollow has a certain percentage of voids, due to which the weight of the structure is reduced, and thermal conductivity characteristics are improved. But the presence of voids significantly reduces sound insulation performance - voids work as resonators. So you have to use them wisely.

Ceramic brick size

Ceramic bricks are fired parallelepipeds molded from clay. Quality is largely determined by properly maintained firing parameters, as well as the composition of the clay solution. High-quality ceramic bricks can be used for any construction operation: for the construction of the foundation (solid), the construction of external walls and internal partitions.

Building bricks have certain dimensions defined by standards. The most commonly used single brick size is 250 * 120 * 65 mm

The main disadvantage of this building material is some variation in geometry. It is explained by the peculiarities of clay - it can be of different "fat content", which makes it difficult to accurately predict how much the size will decrease during drying / firing.

What to look for when choosing

When choosing a red brick, you should pay attention to its color. It displays the quality of the batch along with a parameter such as brick size. It is unburnt or burnt. The second option is not bad in operation (it looks darker than usual), and it is better not to use unburned brick (lighter and looser) at all - it falls apart very quickly.

The second point that you need to pay attention to is the absence of extraneous inclusions. Most often there are light points and expanded clay. Both lead to the rapid destruction of the brick. So we choose only batches with a uniform color without any additives.

More quality criteria

That is, the requirements for ordinary building bricks are quite loyal. The presence of these defects does not affect the quality of the masonry, and the decorative component is unimportant, since it is assumed that there is a finish. Do not forget to check the size of the brick - in one batch, the run-up should not be more than 3 mm.

The requirements for finishing (facing) ceramic bricks are more stringent. Invalid:

• Chips of edges with a depth of more than 1.5 cm.
• There should be no cracks.
• The ribs should not have bruises more than 3 mm wide and more than 1.5 cm long.

To meet these requirements, finishing bricks are laid on pallets, the corners are protected with boards knocked down at an angle, the entire structure is wrapped with a film. It is transported in this way.

Dimensions

The optimal size of a clay brick (red, ceramic) was determined historically. It has been produced for thousands of years, as a result perfect combination lengths, which is reflected in the standard. It was adopted only in the last century. There are three standard options available:

Among the features - single brick is full-bodied, hollow. One and a half and double - only hollow, otherwise they turn out to be too heavy for comfortable work.

In addition to the standard ones, there is a reduced brick. It is produced in Europe, but it also comes to us. Its parameters and international designation are summarized in the table.

Marking	brick size	Consumption
D.F.	240*115*52mm	64 pieces/m2
RF	240*115*65mm	54 pcs/m2
NF	240*115*71mm	48 pcs/m2
WDF	210*100*65mm	59 pcs/m2
2DF	240*115*113mm	32 pcs/m2

What size is better

In the post-Soviet space, a single brick is most often used. It is very familiar to our eyes; many masonry schemes have been developed for it. It is worth learning from such material.

One and a half bricks are used less often. It provides some economic benefit. Firstly, a cubic meter costs a little lower. Secondly, since the masonry fragments are larger, less mortar is consumed. Thirdly, work goes faster. Time is saved due to the larger size. But it is more difficult to work with a brick and a half, even if it is hollow - it is hard to hold in your hand. And the appearance of the wall is unusual.

Double brick is more often called ceramic building stone. When using it, the most tangible effect is the speed of construction. In addition, the solution savings are also increased. But it will not work to grab such a brick with one hand. Therefore, it is better to work with an assistant. Appearance masonry leaves much to be desired, so exterior finishes are desirable.

If we talk about other countries, then in Europe the most popular ones are NF and DF. Imported ceramic brick NF has almost the same proportions as the domestic one. Category DF - thinner, masonry looks elegant.

Silicate brick dimensions

Silicate brick is made from quartz sand (9 parts) and lime (1 part), a certain amount of additives. This building material is best performance in terms of thermal conductivity (conducts heat worse), less weight. The technology is such that it is easier to maintain geometric dimensions, so there are usually no problems.

But it is not as hard as red brick, besides it is afraid of moisture - with prolonged contact with moisture, it begins to crumble. Because of this, the main area of ​​\u200b\u200buse is for the construction of walls and partitions. Neither for the foundation, nor for the basement floor, nor for laying the chimney, it can not be used.

The second area of ​​application is as finishing material. The base composition has a white, slightly grayish color. You can add any dye to it and get a colored brick.

The dimensions of the building silicate brick are the same as those of the ceramic one: single has a height of 65 mm, one and a half - 88 mm, double - 138 mm.

Single and one-and-a-half silicate bricks can be solid and hollow. Single corpulent weighs 3.6 kg, hollow - depending on the size of the voids 1.8-2.2 kg. A full-bodied one and a half has a mass of 4.9 kg, and a hollow one - 4.0-4.3 kg.

Double silicate brick is usually made hollow. Its weight is 6.7 kg. Full-bodied are rare - because of the large mass (7.7 kg), it is difficult to work with them.

Weight of one piece: ceramic, silicate, ordinary, facial

The weight of the brick is needed firstly, to calculate the foundation, this parameter is especially important when; secondly, for cargo transportation; and thirdly, to determine the quality and compliance with the requirements of GOST.

brick type	Purpose	View	Nominal dimensions	emptiness	Weight	Water absorption
Ceramic GOST 530-2007	private (worker)	single, full bodied	250*120*65	0%	3.3 - 3.6 kg	10 -12%
		single, hollow (hollow, slotted)	250*120*65	30-32%	2.5 - 3.0 kg (at 6% voidness weight 3.8 kg)	12 -17%
		one and a half, full bodied	250*120*88	0%	4 - 4.3 kg	12 -17%
		one and a half, hollow	250*120*88	30-32%	3.5 kg (at 6% voidness - 4.7 kg)	12 -17%
		double, full bodied	250*120*140	0%	6.6 - 7.24 kg	12 - 17%
		double, hollow	250*120*140	30-32%	5.0 - 6.0 kg	12- 17%
	facing (facial)	single, full bodied	250*120*65	0%	2.6 kg	9 - 14%
		single hollow	250*120*65	30-36%	1.32 - 1.6 kg	9 -1 4%
		one and a half hollow	250*120*88	30-36%	2.7 - 3.5 kg	9 - 14%
Silicate GOST 379-95	private (worker)	single solid	250*120*65	0%	3.7 - 3.8 kg (according to GOST)
		single hollow	250*120*65	15-31%	3.1 - 3.3 kg
		one and a half corpulent	250*120*88	0%	4.2 - 5.0 kg
		one and a half hollow	250*120*88	15-31%	4.2 - 5 kg
		double hollow	250*120*140	15-31%	5.3 - 5.4 kg
	facing (facial)	single solid	250*120*65	0%	3.5 - 3.9 kg
		one and a half corpulent	250*120*88	0%	3.7 - 4.3 kg
		one and a half hollow	250*120*88	15-31%	3.7 - 4.2 kg

In addition to standard-sized bricks, there are a large number of lightweight finishing bricks. For example, there is a silicate one and a half, which weighs only a little more than a standard single - 4.1-5.0 kg.

There is the so-called "American" - with a standard single size and a weight of only 2.5 kg. Lightweight versions can be used in case of lack of foundation bearing capacity. Although it is better to use more light finish — facade slabs, for example.

Fireclay brick parameters

For the construction of stoves, fireplaces in the zone of contact with fire, a special fire-resistant brick is used. It is used in its production special grade clay - fireclay. Therefore, such a brick is also called fireclay. The production process is the same as building red bricks - shaping, drying, firing in a kiln. But, due to the special properties of fireclay, the resulting building material can easily withstand prolonged contact with open fire. In everyday life, two brands of refractory bricks are used general purpose— SHA and SB. ShA can withstand temperatures up to 1690°C, ShB - up to 1650°C, all other parameters are identical. Therefore, they have the same scope - this is the molding of fireboxes for fireplaces and stoves.

The size of the refractory brick is to be coded in the number after the abbreviation:

• ShB-5, ShA 5 - 230 * 114 * 65 mm;
• ShB-6, ShA 6, ShA 14 - 230 * 114 * 40 mm (bream);
• ShB-8, ShA 8 - 250*125*65 mm;
• ShB-9, ShA 9 - 300 * 150-65 mm;

Most often, they use ShA 8 or ShB 8. They coincide in length and thickness with the ceramic red brick from which the rest of the furnace is laid. There is also a wedge-shaped refractory brick - to form the vaults of the firebox and smooth curves in the horizontal plane.

There are two types of wedge refractory bricks:

This is not all sizes and types fireclay bricks. You will find more in GOST 8691-73.

Clinker brick

Clinker brick is another special kind ceramic brick. In its manufacture, a special type of clay is used - refractory slate. The molded blocks are fired at a very high temperature of 1200°C. As a result of this processing, the clay acquires the properties of ceramics, the color - from dark red to rich brown.

Clinker bricks have very high strength and abrasion resistance. From it you can pave roads, finish the porch. And they will serve for centuries. The surface of the clinker is even, smooth, shiny. That allows you to use it also as a finishing brick - for finishing facades, etc.

The shape and size of clinker bricks can be very different - there are a lot of them, since there are not only standard ones - in the form of a parallelepiped, but also with beveled under different angles, rounded edges.